专题微练12 词句猜测题——短语猜测题(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2025年高考英语二轮专题辅导与训练

专题微练12　词句猜测题——短语猜测题 [对应学生用书P168] A (2024·辽宁沈阳质量监测)In my whole life I was frightened by doctors.So when I recently launched a series of writing and publishing courses，I was shocked to find among my students several physicians，the same profession as my father.And they all wanted to be writers.Whenever someone mentioned their medical background，I'd think I had to call Dad to tell him，but I couldn't. Raised up in a big Michigan family with three brilliant loud science brain brothers，I'd always felt left out by their Disease Game at dinner，where Dad threw out cases for them to diagnose.Our house was their laboratory.I was frequently scared by bees in jars in the refrigerator and pet rats. Getting to study medicine was always Dad's dream，so he encouraged the boys to follow in his footsteps.But I never truly settled down，chasing my dream for literary here and there.My father opposed my liberalism.I was overjoyed when Random House published my humorous memoirs (回忆录) about my past addictions.My father wasn't so joyful.“You're bringing disgrace on our family，” he snapped. At 87，when my father was admitted to hospital with heart and kidney failure，we had a rare afternoon alone.Sitting by his bed，I apologized for taking so long to figure out my life. “I have a lot of regrets，” he said.“It took me too long to make a decent living，screwing_up jobs because of my bullheadedness and big mouth.” I was nervous when his physician Olaf emailed me，but it wasn't bad news.“Your dad says you're a professor who helps people publish.Could you help me？” he asked. “What did you tell Olaf about me？” I questioned Dad that night，still surprised. “That you stuck to your guns and became a success，” he said. “Why didn't you ever tell me that？” “I'm telling you now，” he said.He was pleased when I helped Olaf publish his first magazine piece. I wish Dad were here so I could share the latest stories of my physician students.But I lost him four years ago.In a way，he still is here，as I channel everything he taught me about hard work，and never giving up doing what you love. [语篇解读]　记叙文。爸爸期待孩子们都去学医，但是作者坚持追求写作梦，到处漂泊。虽然这遭到了爸爸的反对，但是当爸爸住院时，仍然向想要发表文章的医生推荐自己。作者终于理解了爸爸对他的爱，以及爸爸教给他的努力工作、坚持自己的梦想不放弃的道理。 1．What do we know about the author's brothers? A．They used to make loud noise. B．They were addicted to playing games. C．They were interested in medicine. D．They distanced the author on purpose. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据题干将答案定位至第二段“Raised up in a．..and pet rats”，作者有三个才华横溢的兄弟，在晚餐时，作者总是觉得被他们的“疾病游戏”排除在外，在此游戏中，爸爸把病例抛给他们去诊断。作者的家是他们的实验室，家里有装在罐子里的蜜蜂和宠物鼠。由此可知，作者的哥哥们对医学感兴趣。故选C。A项“他们过去常常大声喧哗”；B项“他们沉迷于玩游戏”；C项“他们对医学感兴趣”；D项“他们故意疏远作者”。 2．What do the underlined words “screwing up” probably mean? A．Taking over. B．Focusing on. C．Contributing to. D．Messing up. 解析　D　词义猜测题。根据题干将答案定位至第五段画线词前的“a lot of regrets” “It took me too long to make a decent living”和画线词后的“because of my bullheadedness and big mouth”，即作者的爸爸有很多遗憾，之前花了太长时间才过上体面的生活，因为他的固执和大嘴巴而把工作搞砸了。bullheadedness意思是“固执，刚愎自用”；big mouth意思是“多嘴的人，自吹自擂的人，嘴不严的人”，由此可知，画线词是贬义词。故选D。take over“接管”；focus on“专注于”；contribute to“是……的原因之一”；mess up“搞砸，把……搞糟”。 3．Why did Dad recommend the author to Olaf? A．To help Olaf publish articles. B．To discuss his physical condition. C．To promote the author's courses. D．To share the author's memoirs. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Your dad says you're a professor who helps people publish.Could you help me？”可知，负责爸爸的医生给作者发邮件，想要作者帮助他发表文章。故作者的爸爸推荐作者的原因就是希望作者帮助该医生发表文章，A选项正确。 4．Which of the following can best describe the author's dad? A．Enthusiastic but dishonest. B．Modest but demanding. C．Conservative but loving. D．Helpful but selfish. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Getting to study medicine...he encouraged the boys to follow in his footsteps...My father opposed my liberalism”和最后一段中的“I channel everything...never giving up doing what you love”可知，作者的爸爸刚开始希望子承父业，反对作者的自由主义，是保守的；但是后来又鼓励作者追求梦想不放弃，可见他对孩子们又是充满爱的。故C项正确。 B (2024·山东济宁模拟)A new data crowdsourcing platform，an initiative led by Dr.Ioanna Sitaridou at Cambridge University，who has been studying Romeyka for the last 16 years，aims to preserve the sound of Romeyka，an endangered millennia­old variety of Greek.Experts consider the language to be a linguistic (语言的) goldmine and a living bridge to the ancient world. Romeyka，which does not have a writing system and has been transmitted only in spoken form，is thought to have only a couple of thousand native speakers left in Turkey's Trabzon region.Extensive contact with Turkish，the absence of support systems to facilitate intergenerational transmission，and migration have all taken_their_toll_on Romeyka.A large majority of native speakers in Trabzon are over 65 years of age and fewer young people are learning the language. The newly launched Crowdsourcing Romeyka platform invites members of the public from anywhere in the world to upload audio recordings of Romeyka being spoken.“Speech crowdsourcing is a new tool which helps speakers build a database of spoken materials for their endangered languages，allows researchers to document these languages，and motivates speakers to appreciate their own linguistic heritage (遗产).At the same time，by preserving their language，it can help speakers achieve acknowledgement of their identity from people outside of their speech community，” said Dr.Sitaridou. The innovative tool is designed by a Harvard undergraduate in Computer Science，Mr Matthew Nazari，himself a heritage speaker of Romeyka.Together they hope that this new tool will pave the way for the production of language materials in a naturalistic learning environment away from the classroom，but based instead around everyday use and community. By engaging with local communities，particularly female speakers，Sitaridou has gathered the largest collection of audio and video data in existence and amounting to more than 29GB of sourced data，and has authored 21 peer­reviewed publications.A YouTube film about Sitaridou's fieldwork has received 723，000 views to­date. [语篇解读]　说明文。文章介绍了剑桥大学的Ioanna Sitaridou博士致力于保护一种濒危的语言Romeyka，她发起了一个名为Crowdsourcing Romeyka的数据众包平台，邀请公众上传Romeyka的语音录音，以建立口语材料数据库，目前她的工作取得了丰硕的成果。 5．Why is it necessary to preserve Romeyka? A．It is a variety of Greek. B．It has a unique writing system. C．It can generate commercial value. D．It can strengthen the bond with the past. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Experts consider the language to be a linguistic (语言的) goldmine and a living bridge to the ancient world.”可知，保护这种语言的必要性在于它可以加强与过去的联系。故选D。 6．Which can replace the underlined phrase “taken their toll on” in paragraph 2? A．Had a negative influence on. B．Taken full advantage of. C．Played a leading role in. D．Thrown new light on. 解析　A　词句猜测题。画线短语的上文“Extensive contact with Turkish，the absence of support systems to facilitate intergenerational transmission，and migration”介绍的都是对语言的传播和传承不利的因素，其下文“A large majority of native speakers in Trabzon are over 65 years of age and fewer young people are learning the language.”描述的是这些不利因素导致的不利结果，由此推知，这些不利因素是对这种语言造成了负面影响、损害，画线短语意思应该与“Had a negative influence on (对……有负面影响)”相近。故选A。 7．What does paragraph 3 want to stress about the platform? A．Its prospect. B．Its originality. C．Its significance. D．Its limitation. 解析　C　主旨大意题。通读第三段可知，本段主要强调了该平台起到的重要作用，即其存在的重要意义。故选C。 8．Which can best describe Dr.Sitaridou's work? A．Conventional. B．Eventful. C．Fruitful. D．Debatable. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，Sitaridou博士的工作取得了丰硕的成果。故选C。 C (2024·河南郑州模拟)Once you cross the over 50 mark，it's not a time to worry about getting older or put as much emphasis on career or how much you earn. It's a golden moment in which we can pause to reflect and take_stock_of the most important things in life：family，friends，a more relaxed lifestyle and social connectivity.Many say it's the best time of our life.Our children probably have their own homes and families，in which you are undoubtedly an important part.You may feel a little lost with all this undiscovered freedom.But the truth is，it's almost like going back to those teen years，with limitless potential for fun and enjoyment! With the world at your fingertips once again，it's an opportunity to live your life the way you want.Find out what you love doing and take pride in new hobbies，new passions and try new things you may not have previously had the chance to do.They all say life begins at 50，I couldn't agree more.As an example，after I hit this milestone，I achieved some great things，including pioneering an innovative living，care and lifestyle solution with my latest venture(冒险事业)—Odyssey Lifestyle Care Communities. Odyssey celebrates life's journey and aims to provide affordable high­end permanent living arrangements，within a community setting that delivers increasing levels of care.Built around a resort style environment，the Odyssey model has set an excellent example in the industry by demonstrating the power of putting people first. As a passionate advocate for consumer­directed care models of service，I think the Government's recommendation of Australia adopting a rights­based system in their final report of the Royal Commission into Aged Care，is certainly a step in the right direction. Odyssey's model is driven by a people­centred approach that places residents at the forefront of all our decisions，which is why we decided to incorporate and invest in technologies that ensure health and safety. [语篇解读]　说明文。文章介绍了一家养老机构Odyssey Lifestyle Care Communities。 9．What does the underlined phrase “take stock of” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Think of. B．Look for. C．Envy. D．Praise. 解析　A　词句猜测题。根据前文“It's a golden moment in which we can pause to reflect”可知，“take stock of”在句中表示：思考生活中最重要的事情(家庭、朋友、更轻松的生活方式和社会关系)。因此推断画线短语也是“思考”的意思。故选A。 10．Why do many people say over 50 is the best time of life? A．They are more familiar with their surroundings. B．They have less burden but more free time. C．They have stronger desire to do new things. D．They are paid much attention to. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第二段“Our children probably have their own homes and families，in which you are undoubtedly an important part.You may feel a little lost with all this undiscovered freedom.But the truth is，it's almost like going back to those teen years，with limitless potential for fun and enjoyment! With the world at your fingertips once again，it's an opportunity to live your life the way you want.”可知，50岁后，人们几乎没有家庭负担，并且有了自己的空闲时间去做自己喜欢的事情，因此许多人说50岁是一生中最好的时光。故选B。 11．What do we know about Odyssey Lifestyle Care Communities? A．It is a research centre for the study of the old. B．It provides part­time jobs for a community. C．It is a department to adopt rights­based systems. D．It offers good service at reasonable prices for the old. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第三段“Odyssey celebrates life's journey and aims to provide affordable high­end permanent living arrangements，within a community setting that delivers increasing levels of care.”可知，Odyssey提供高质量的服务，并且价格合理。故选D。 12．Who is probably the author? A．A person less than 50. B．A person in the government. C．A staff member of Odyssey. D．A news reporter of a magazine. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Odyssey's model is driven by a people­centred approach that places residents at the forefront of all our decisions，which is why we decided to incorporate and invest in technologies that ensure health and safety.”中的we可推知，作者是Odyssey的员工。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$