专题微练9 主旨大意题——文章大意题(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2025年高考英语二轮专题辅导与训练

专题微练9　主旨大意题——文章大意题 [对应学生用书P159] A (2024·湖北武汉模拟)When he flagged me down，I thought he was an elder collecting a “customs fee”，the few dollars it costs to use village roads that lead to many of Samoa's sights.He'd been sitting lazily in a greying roadside shack (棚子) built for such occasions.Normally I wouldn't pick up a free rider.But I tried to live out a dream. I'd wanted to go to Pulemelei Mound since I'd heard it mentioned in an archaeology class years ago.The “mound” is actually a pyramid 40 feet high and roughly 200 feet across at its base.So，I asked，“Do you know how to get to Pulemelei Mound？” “Mmm，” he said，raising his eyebrows in the classic Polynesian gesture for “yes”．“I need to pick up my car at the mechanic but no hurry，I'll take you there first if you want.” You'd think that a giant pyramid would be a major sight，or at least something many people had heard of，but it isn't.My accidental friend's raise of the eyebrows was the most promising prospect I'd had in a week. We drove along the road in silence for a few minutes.Then my new friend broke the silence and，meanwhile，my hopes.“I've never been to Pulemelei，” he said.“I've lived here but I never thought of going.” My heart sank.But we pressed on，crossing a stream，walking through waist­high grass，and then another mile of hot walk until we found a sign.There，barely visible，were the words：“Pulemelei Mound 150m”．The sign marked a dark tunnel of jungle.Then the path opened to rays of sunshine.We climbed.And then，magic.We were standing on top of a Polynesian pyramid. Just then，my friend，obviously awed by what he saw，turned toward me，and placed his big Samoan hands on my shoulders.In the most natural way，he bent down and kissed me gently on the cheek. “Thank you，” he said. [语篇解读]　记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和一位搭顺风车的老人一起前往普莱梅利丘的故事。 1．What's the purpose of the Samoan man flagging me down? A．To thumb a ride. B．To ask for directions. C．To collect a customs fee. D．To warn of a road accident. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第一段“When he flagged me down，I thought he was an elder collecting a ‘customs fee’，the few dollars it costs to use village roads that lead to many of Samoa's sights.He'd been sitting lazily in a greying roadside shack (棚子) built for such occasions.Normally I wouldn't pick up a free rider.”可知，萨摩亚人拦“我”的目的是搭顺风车。故选A。 2．Which of the following words can best describe the author? A．Informed but rigid. B．Hesitant but agreeable. C．Skeptical and reserved. D．Curious and adventurous. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第二段“I'd wanted to go to Pulemelei Mound since I'd heard it mentioned in an archaeology class years ago.The ‘mound’ is actually a pyramid 40 feet high and roughly 200 feet across at its base.”可知，作者在考古学课上知道了普莱梅利丘这个地方，于是就前往，说明作者爱冒险；根据倒数第三段可知，作者是个好奇和爱冒险的人。故选D。 3．Why did the Samoan man thank the author in the end? A．He had lived out his dream. B．He was taken to the mechanic. C．He enjoyed the author's company. D．He experienced the thrill of discovery. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Just then，my friend，obviously awed by what he saw，turned toward me，and placed his big Samoan hands on my shoulders.In the most natural way，he bent down and kissed me gently on the cheek.”可知，萨摩亚人最后感谢作者因为他经历了发现的快感。故选D。 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．A Polynesian village. B．A famous Samoan sight. C．A chance encounter. D．An elder protecting local roads. 解析　C　主旨大意题。根据第四段“My accidental friend's raise of the eyebrows was the most promising prospect I'd had in a week.”结合文章主要讲述了作者和一位搭顺风车的老人一起前往普莱梅利丘的故事。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是一次偶然的相遇。故选C。 B (2024·河北邯郸二模)It's not easy to swim 109 miles when you're starving to death.It's not easy either to try to survive when you're losing body weight at a rate of 2.2 lb.a day.And it might be the hardest of all if you're a nursing mom and your calorie intake has dropped so low that you can no longer produce the milk you need to care for your young. As a newspaper in Nature Communications reveals，all of those challenges and more are facing the world's polar bears，thanks to disappearing sea ice in our warming world，denying the animals a platform that they need to hunt for seals.If the trend isn't reversed (扭转) soon，the estimated 26，000 polar bears in the wild could start to lose their hold on survival before the middle of this century. The researchers followed 20 different polar bears in Manitoba，Canada，from 2019 to 2022，fitting them with GPS trackers and video collars and periodically tranquilizing(麻醉) them to analyzes their blood，body mass，and daily energy consumption. “The polar bears in Hudson Bay are probably at the edge of the range at which they can survive right now，” says Anthony Pagano，a research biologist with the U．S.Geological Surrey and the lead author of the paper.“Most of the modeling work suggests that around 2050，they are going to be on land and away from their primary habitat on the ice.” According to the study，the data gathered was troubling.Weight loss varied among bears，with the daily loss of 2.2 1b.representing an average; some of the subjects dropped up to 3.75 lb.every 24 hours. The bears are efficient hunters when they've got the purchase of ice beneath them，but they are clumsy when they are going after seals and trying to swim at the same time. That leaves them searching on land for foods they would not ordinarily eat and getting little payoff for their efforts.Polar bears are feeding on ducks，geese，and eggs.Other foods on the desperate bears' menus include berries and other vegetation.None of that food is as calorie­rich as seals. [语篇解读]　说明文。文章主要介绍了随着海冰的消失，导致北极熊无法在海上寻找食物，它们面临着因为栖息地的消失而艰难求生的挑战。 5．What's the function of the first paragraph? A．To make a prediction. B．To introduce the topic of the text. C．To describe the greatness of mother bears. D．To offer some advice on saving the bears. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据文章第一段“It's not easy to swim 109 miles when you're starving to death.It's not easy either to try to survive when you're losing body weight at a rate of 2.2 lb.a day.And it might be the hardest of all if you're a nursing mom and your calorie intake has dropped so low that you can no longer produce the milk you need to care for your young.”以及后文对北极熊所面临的食物越来越少的问题可知，文章第一段是为了引出文章的主题：北极熊面临食物短缺的问题，故选B。 6．How did the researchers study the polar bears? A．By observing them in the wild. B．By analyzing their blood samples. C．By copying their living environment. D．By tracking them with GPS and video collars. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The researchers followed 20 different polar bears in Manitoba，Canada，from 2019 to 2022，fitting them with GPS trackers and video collars and periodically tranquilizing (麻醉) them to analyzes their blood，body mass，and daily energy consumption.”可知，研究者通过GPS和视频项圈追踪北极熊，以此来进行对北极熊的研究，故选D。 7．What is Anthony Pagano's viewpoint on the future of polar bears in Hudson Bay? A．They will adapt well to the changing environment. B．They will develop to become better hunters on land. C．They will move to other areas with more suitable habitats. D．They will struggle to survive due to the loss of their habitat. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据文章第四段可知，Anthony Pagano认为哈德逊湾的北极熊可能处于它们可以生存的范围的边缘，冰上的栖息地会逐渐消失，由此推知，Anthony Pagano认为由于栖息地的丧失，北极熊将难以生存，故选D。 8．What is the main idea of the text? A．The challenges faced by polar bears. B．The future of polar bears in the wild. C．The methods used to study polar bears. D．The importance of protecting polar bears. 解析　A　主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“As a newspaper in Nature Communications reveals，all of those challenges and more are facing the world's polar bears，thanks to disappearing sea ice in our warming world，denying the animals a platform that they need to hunt for seals.”可知，文章主要围绕海冰的消失，导致北极熊无法在海上寻找食物，它们面临着因为栖息地的消失而艰难求生的挑战，故文章主要介绍了北极熊面临的挑战，故选A。 C (2024·辽宁沈阳模拟)What is a barrier？It usually refers to an obstacle or a difficulty that prevents you from achieving something.Whether it was in your past，or you're presently facing one，you have to resolve it.While many people avoid barriers，deny their existence or let barriers control themselves，what stand you take on barriers will define the outcome of whether you rise from the challenge，or remain stuck in it.Here are some more great things to love about barriers. First of all，barriers give you motivations.Sometimes barriers can reset your goals.You might be faced with setbacks or difficulties，you're forced to re­think，and re­examine your path.You may end up focusing on something new and exciting.Or，you may concentrate on something that you otherwise wouldn't have if not for the particular setback.By having to overcome an obstacle，you'll be fulfilling a purpose，rather than just going through the motions. Also，barriers prepare you for the unexpected.They serve as guides for where to go next.Even though barriers can bring out many negative emotions in us，such as frustration，anger，or sadness，it's important to realize that they don't stop you from reaching your intended goals.Instead，they，in a way，give you time to stop and think if perhaps there is a new and better path to take and what you can prepare for what will happen along the way.Barriers shift your perspective. Barriers，more often than not，are unavoidable.Life will never stop throwing you new barriers.So，the best thing to do is know how to better see and approach these obstacles，and transform them into opportunities for self­improvement.The more you're able to see barriers as being an advantage to your life，the better you'll be at managing them. It will be rewarding to accept barriers，which will make you constantly change and adapt to new situations，thus allowing you to grow into a better version of yourself. [语篇解读]　议论文。主要论述了什么是障碍以及障碍会给你带来的好处。接受障碍是有益的，这会让你不断改变和适应新的情况，从而让你成长为一个更好的自己。 9．What is the determining factor of the outcome when facing barriers? A．Your specific goals. B．Your own attitude. C．Your diverse preparations. D．Your strong will power. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第一段中“While many people avoid barriers，deny their existence or let barriers control themselves，what stand you take on barriers will define the outcome of whether you rise from the challenge，or remain stuck in it.”以及倒数第二段中“So，the best thing to do is know how to better see and approach these obstacles，and transform them into opportunities for self­improvement.The more you're able to see barriers as being an advantage to your life，the better you'll be at managing them.”可推知，当面对障碍时，决定结果的因素是你自己的态度。故选B。 10．Which of the following is TRUE about barriers? A．They bring you positive emotions. B．They prevent you from realizing your goals. C．They are avoidable if you prepare for them well. D．They enable you to view things in a different way. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“You might be faced with setbacks or difficulties，you' re forced to re­think，and re­examine your path.”以及第三段中“Instead，they，in a way，give you time to stop and think if perhaps there is a new and better path to take and what you can prepare for what will happen along the way.”可知，关于障碍，“它们能让你以不同的方式看待事物”这个陈述是正确的。故选D。 11．What does the underlined word “approach” in paragraph 4 mean? A．To cope with. B．To go over. C．To come near to sb D．To speak to sb about sth 解析　A　词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Life will never stop throwing you new barriers.”以及画线单词句中“and transform them into opportunities for self­improvement.”可知，此处为：所以，最好的办法就是知道如何更好地看待和处理这些障碍。故画线单词approach为“处理”的意思，故选A。 12．What's the main idea of the passage? A．Life is always throwing us barriers. B．Barriers are double­edged swords. C．Embracing barriers benefits a lot. D．Meeting barriers is actually avoidable. 解析　C　主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“It will be rewarding to accept barriers，which will make you constantly change and adapt to new situations，thus allowing you to grow into a better version of yourself.”可知，文章主要讲的什么是障碍以及障碍会给你带来的好处。接受障碍是有益的，这会让你不断改变和适应新的情况，从而让你成长为一个更好的自己。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$