专题微练2 细节理解题——综合细节题(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2025年高考英语二轮专题辅导与训练

专题微练2　细节理解题——综合细节题 [对应学生用书P138] A (2024·河南郑州联考)Officials have unveiled the gold，silver and bronze medals that will be awarded at this summer's Olympic games in Paris，and each one contains a unique souvenir：a fragment (碎片) of waste iron from the Eiffel Tower. “It's the opportunity for the athletes to bring back a piece of Paris with them，” Thierry Reboul，creative director of Paris 2024，told reporters last week.“The absolute symbol of Paris and France is the Eiffel Tower.” The Eiffel Tower opened in 1889 and during the later repair work，some of the original iron was cut off and preserved over time.Now，some of those preserved metal fragments have found new homes. Each new Olympic medal features a piece of Eiffel Tower iron — though the signature “Eiffel Tower brown” paint has been removed.These pieces have been shaped into hexagons (六边形)，which is the “shape of France”．Besides，there are words “Paris 2024”，the Olympic rings and the Games logo，which looks like a flame or the face of a woman with a bob haircut. How did they think of such an idea？Joachim Roncin，head of design at the Paris Games organizing committee told the press，“We talked about the design many times and realized that there's one symbol known across the world，which is the Eiffel Tower.We said to ourselves，‘Hey，what if we approached the Eiffel Tower Operating Company to see if it's possible to get a bit of the Eiffel Tower to integrate into the medal？’” When the Eiffel Tower Operating Company agreed to volunteer pieces of original iron，“the dream became reality，” adds Roncin. The medals，designed by the luxury Paris jewelry house Chaumet，make people think of the Eiffel Tower in several other ways.The pieces of iron are secured by what looks like special nails that hold the structure together，and the medals' ribbons are decorated with patterns of the tower's latticework structure. The iron fragments are set in recycled silver，gold and bronze disks.Over 5，000 medals are being made. [语篇解读]　说明文。文章主要介绍了巴黎奥运会奖牌的新颖设计、创意的来源以及其他的背景知识等。 1．What does Thierry mean by saying “bring back a piece of Paris”？ A．The athletes will buy souvenirs about Paris. B．The athletes will take many photos of Paris. C．Part of the athletes' medal is from the symbol of Paris. D．The Eiffel Tower will be left in the athletes' memory. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第二段“‘It's the opportunity for the athletes to bring back a piece of Paris with them，’Thierry Reboul，creative director of Paris 2024，told reporters last week.‘The absolute symbol of Paris and France is the Eiffel Tower.’”可知，奖牌上有埃菲尔铁塔上面的碎铁，而埃菲尔铁塔是巴黎的标志性建筑。故选C。 2．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4? A．The symbolic meaning of the hexagons. B．The shape and material of the Olympic medal. C．The processing technique of the Eiffel Tower iron pieces. D．The design of the Eiffel Tower iron fragment on the medal. 解析　D　主旨大意题。通读第四段可知，本段主要介绍了奥运奖牌上面的埃菲尔铁塔的碎片被制成六边形的形状、并刻上字和奥运五环等，因此可知，本段介绍了新的巴黎奥运奖牌上的埃菲尔铁塔碎片设计。故选D。 3．How did the designers get the idea of adding the waste iron? A．From a strange dream. B．By asking for the public. C．Through their discussion. D．By studying the Eiffel Tower. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第五段可知，设计者们是在讨论中得到的这个设计奖牌的想法。故选C。 4．What can we infer about the new Olympic medals? A．They are innovative. B．They are light. C．They have six sides. D．They are golden­colored. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据第一段“Officials have unveiled the gold，silver and bronze medals that will be awarded at this summer's Olympic games in Paris，and each one contains a unique souvenir：a fragment (碎片) of waste iron from the Eiffel Tower.”并纵观全文可知，法国把埃菲尔铁塔的碎片经过加工设计镶嵌到了奥运奖牌中，这是其他国家没有的，因此推断新的奥运奖牌是独特、新颖的。故选A。 B (2024·四川成都检测)Profits from cutting down rainforests are surprisingly small.A freshly cleared square kilometer of the Amazon rainforest fetches an average price of only around $12.By contrast，the social costs of clearing it are huge.Some 500 tons of carbon dioxide are pumped into the atmosphere.By an estimate，that does $25，000 of harm by accelerating climate change. Yet still the world's trees are disappearing.The senseless men cutting down trees receive the profits，but all 8 billion people on the planet pay for the costs.Clearly，if the owners of the rainforest were paid not to destroy it，everyone would be better off.If rainforests were in places with clear landownership and a firm rule of law，the world would no doubt already have funded such a deal.Sadly，they are not. Local officials are often in league with the loggers，and may be loggers themselves.Consider Brazil.It had a leader，who sided with illegal loggers and ranchers (大农场主).He stopped fining forest criminals and told illegal miners on local reserves he would legalise the mining.On his watch the pace of deforestation rose by 60%.Local communities often refuse to follow the law and order since they see more benefit from deforestation than protecting it.And the land ownership is a mess.When it's unclear who owns a piece of land，it's unclear whom to pay to protect it，or whom to fine for destroying it. Leadership matters.But even under better leaders，people living there should see benefits in protecting them.That will require a big，reliable flow of cash which should come from rich­country governments and from private firms buying carbon credits to make up for their emissions (排放). Such carbon credits could be used to promote a greener local economy，and clean up local land registration.If there's enough cash，conditionally paid，locals will be encouraged to protect trees and less likely to elect irresponsible leaders.To preserve such a huge carbon sink — never mind the biodiversity it contains — this would be a bargain. [语篇解读]　说明文。文章主要说明了砍伐森林的成本大于收益，然而利润驱动的伐木让世界上的树木不断消失。作者认为可以付钱给当地人保护雨林。 5．What does the author intend to tell in paragraph 1? A．Climate change is accelerating. B．Rainforest clearing is rather profitable. C．Carbon dioxide is harmful to the atmosphere. D．The costs of deforestation outweigh the profits. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者想在第一段中表达的是砍伐森林的成本大于收益。故选D。 6．What makes the world's trees disappear constantly? A．Clear landownership. B．The absence of related law. C．Profit­driving logging. D．People's willingness to buy trees. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Yet still the world's trees are disappearing.The senseless men cutting down trees receive the profits，but all 8 billion people on the planet pay for the costs.”可知，利润驱动的伐木让世界上的树木不断消失。故选C。 7．What is needed to protect the rainforest according to the author? A．More landownership funds. B．Bringing in more private firms. C．Awareness of saving biodiversity. D．Paying the locals for the preservation efforts. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据最后一段“If there's enough cash，conditionally paid，locals will be encouraged to protect trees and less likely to elect irresponsible leaders.”可知，保护雨林需要为保护工作付钱给当地人。故选D。 8．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Cash for Saving Rainforests B．Fight Illegal Logging in Brazil C．Dilemmas of Rainforest Protection D．Rainforest Deforestation and Climate Change 解析　A　主旨大意题。根据最后一段及全文可知，本文主要说明了砍伐森林的成本大于收益，然而利润驱动的伐木让世界上的树木不断消失。作者认为可以付钱给当地人保护雨林。故选A。 C (2024·浙江金华模拟)American families don't save money like they used to.In 2018 the personal saving rate was somewhere around 7%，which is well below the rate of a few decades ago. There are a lot of potential explanations for this.Wage growth has slowed while necessities such as housing and medical care have grown more expensive.The rise of easy credit has made overspending easier than ever.And the number of people who make a budget is decreasing. Now，a team of U．S.and Canadian economists have proposed a new explanation for the declining savings rate，one rooted in individual psychology．At its heart lies a simple observation：Spending is a lot more visible than not spending.Humans are social creatures，and we have a tendency to evaluate our own standing in life relative to how our friends and neighbors are doing.We want to keep up with the Joneses，and stay ahead of the Smiths.Because of this，when we see other people spending money we have a tendency to believe that we can — or should — be spending too.Nowadays，changes in the media landscape have made other people's spending more visible than ever.That，in turn，is making all of us spend even more — and save even less. David Hirshleifer，one of the economists，said that “it's easy to think that you're saving enough because you are not throwing luxury parties or taking expensive journeys the way some people you know are.” But，he warned，“those journeys and parties may not really be typical of your acquaintances — they just stand out in memory.” The economists imply that finding ways to make non­spending more visible might help individuals develop more realistic views of overall spending and saving behavior.“Make a special effort to notice when your friends are careful with money，such as holding on to their 15­year­old car，” Hirshleifer said. [语篇解读]　说明文。文章主要说明了美国低储蓄率背后的原因以及给人们的消费建议。 9．Which of the following is a potential explanation for the low saving rate in America? A．The reduction in the income. B．The easy access to money. C．The growing desire for housing. D．The difficulty in sticking to a budget. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第二段“The rise of easy credit has made overspending easier than ever.And the number of people who make a budget is decreasing.”可知，容易获得金钱是美国低储蓄率的一个潜在解释。故选B。 10．The “individual psychology” mentioned in paragraph 3 refers to a tendency to ________． A．show off wealth B．connect with others C．compare oneself to others D．adapt oneself to social change 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Humans are social creatures，and we have a tendency to evaluate our own standing in life relative to how our friends and neighbors are doing.We want to keep up with the Joneses，and stay ahead of the Smiths.Because of this，when we see other people spending money we have a tendency to believe that we can — or should — be spending too.”可知，第三段提到的“个体心理”指的是一种把自己和别人比较的倾向。故选C。 11．What is the warning of David Hirshleifer? A．It is improper to copy others' spending habits. B．It is unwise to spend more than one can afford. C．One may spend too much on journeys and parties. D．One may have misunderstanding of others' spending habits. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，大卫·赫施莱弗的警告是一个人可能对别人的消费习惯有误解。故选D。 12．What do the economists suggest people do? A．Make good use of money. B．Save as much money as possible. C．Pay attention to non­spending behavior. D．Change overall spending and saving behavior. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，经济学家建议人们注意非消费行为。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$