精品解析：2025届福建省福州市鼓楼区福州第三中学高三上学期第六次质量检测英语试题

福州三中2024-2025学年高三第六次质量检测 英语试卷 试卷满分: 150分 考试时间: 120分钟 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the speakers do this weekend? A. Stay at home. B. Go on a hike. C. See a movie. 2. When will the speakers probably meet? A. At 6:30 pm. B. At 7:00 pm. C. At 7:30 pm. 3. What is the woman doing? A. Learning sales skills. B. Exchanging experience. C. Conducting an interview. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. How to greet new colleagues. B. What to wear for a special occasion. C. Whether to go to a garden party together. 5. What does the man mean? A. He didn’t get the credit. B. He did well in the project. C. He can’t accept the reward. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To invite her to play a sport. B. To introduce his favorite sport. C. To teach her the rules of a sport. 7. What will the speakers do in an hour? A. Watch a match. B. Play table tennis. C. Learn a new sport. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is probably the woman? A. A trainer. B. A teacher. C. A student. 9. What does the woman say about Mr. Tom? A. He likes laughing in class. B. His teaching inspires her a lot. C. He learns creativity in his work. 10. What do we know about the woman? A. She used to teach math. B. She is a creative person. C. She admires her math teacher. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Strangers. C. Driver and passenger 12. What do the man and woman both want to do next? A. Try Thai food. B. Find a taxi. C. Go to a restaurant. 13. Why does the man know the new Thai place? A. He works there. B. The chef there is funny. C. Its free dessert is awesome. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What will the woman do tomorrow night? A. Attend a party. B. See her cousin. C. Prepare a meal. 15. How does the man feel at first? A. Upset. B. Disappointed. C. Anxious. 16. What can we learn about the woman? A. She is forgetful recently. B. She fails to keep her word. C. She will go to Joe’s house at 11. 17. What will the man do next Sunday? A. Visit Carol’s parents. B. Invite the woman again. C. Have supper with the woman. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker doing? A. Introduce English learning strategies. B. Share his viewing experience with listeners. C. Give tips on how to learn English through movies. 19. What does the speaker suggest listeners do? A. Note down everything you hear. B. Choose a film you’re interested in. C. Practice pronunciation with friends. 20. What can people do on FluentU? A. Watch fun videos. B. Keep a movie journal. C. Use authentic real-life phrases. 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Top Coffee-producing Countries Brazil Back in the 18th century, Brazil started growing coffee. Now, around 300,000 coffee farmers in Brazil produce about 40% of the world’s coffee. Arabica (阿拉比卡咖啡) takes up 70% of the coffee beans grown in the country. In Brazil, 3% of export income is from coffee beans. Brazilians are wild about drinking their coffee and consume it all day long. Vietnam Coffee found its way to Vietnam in the 1800s. Now coffee industry employs almost 3 million people. Most of Vietnam’s coffee production is the less appreciated Robusta (罗布斯塔咖啡) variety. Because of that, most coffee beans grown in Vietnam are for instant coffee. Despite coffee’s popularity as an export crop, the Vietnamese still prefer tea. They also make a famous Cappuccino (卡布奇诺咖啡) not found elsewhere—famous because it gets a dose of raw egg if that’s to your liking. Colombia Coffee was introduced into Colombia in the early 1700s. In Colombia, about 2.3 million acres of land are planted with coffee. Coffee is the most important agricultural export. There are around 555,000 coffee growers in Colombia. The majority of Colombian coffee plantations are owned by families. Colombians typically start their morning with a tinto. It’s a small cup of black coffee that’s sweetened with sugar. They may add cinnamon or other spices to jazz it up. Indonesia Indonesia has a long coffee history that goes back to the 1600s, which has its share of ups and downs. In the late 19th century, the terrible coffee rust disease caused death to many of the high-quality coffee plants. To prevent this from happening again, Indonesia replanted with the disease-resistant Robusta coffee. Arabica beans still play a part in the Indonesian coffee market, representing about 25% of coffee beans grown there. 1. Which of the four countries started growing coffee earliest? A. Brazil. B. Vietnam. C. Colombia. D. Indonesia. 2. What is special about Vietnam? A. A unique kind of coffee drink is made there. B. High-quality coffee beans are produced there. C. Coffee was produced for the home market there. D. Coffee planting met with problems in the 1990s there. 3. What do Brazil and Colombia have in common? A. Coffee exports are growing in both countries. B. They both have a coffee-loving population. C. They share the same number of coffee growers. D. Coffee farms are owned by families in both countries. B There was no way to escape when they spotted a polar bear. Verena Mohaupt and a handful of colleagues were trapped on a floating sea ice while the bear gazed at them, smelling the air, a dangerous sign. “That’s when everything kicks in,” Mohaupt says, “and you focus on what’s important.” As a colleague fired into the sky as a warning shot, Mohaupt radioed their research ship a few kilometres away, whose helicopter luckily arrived quickly and Mohaupt didn’t have to use the gun that was hanging over her shoulder. Keeping a lookout for bears was a regular duty for Mohaupt, the logistics coordinator(后勤协调员) for a year-long mission known as the MOSAiC——the largest Arctic research exploration in history. The project, consisting of roughly 300 scientists, led by scientist MarkusRex, has collected massive measurements that will help better forecast how warming will transform the globe in the coming decades. For months, the exploration operated in constant darkness while polar bears wandered nearby, storms rocked the ship and the ice shifted and cracked. Then, when the Sun returned, the ice began to melt, creating a life-threatening risk and a nightmare for researchers who needed to keep their instruments from sinking. Tasked with the security of the mission, Mohaupt designed an extensive training course for the participants in which they learnt how to avoid the danger, like storm-rocking and ice-cracking. They jumped into a Norwegian channel in their survival suits and climbed out of the freezing waters using only their ice picks. They learnt how to escape from a crashed helicopter. And they discussed the psychological effects of being far from home. Mohaupt brought knitting equipment, yoga mats and a violin for their mental health——although having been prepared for the isolation. Mohaupt didn’t expect a career in polar regions, but says she has always been drawn to the north. “She was there to make sure that we were protected,” says Markus Rex, “Mohaupt is certainly the champion in the field.” 4. Why does the author mention a polar bear in the beginning? A. To show the threat of bears. B. To tell an interesting story. C. To introduce Mohaupt’s job. D. To describe the polar scenery. 5. What can we know from paragraph 3? A. The working conditions were tough. B. Mohaupt helped to collect massive data. C. The exploration went on in total darkness. D. Mohaupt’s duty was to protect polar bears. 6. Which of the following best describes Mohaupt? A. Ambitious and brave. B. Passionate and dependent. C. Considerate and modest. D. Professional and responsible. 7. What is a suitable title for the text? A. A Potential Danger in the Exploration. B. A Guardian Angel of Polar Researchers. C. A Great Scientific Exploration in History. D. A Great Female Scientist in Polar Research. C Two and a half millennia ago, Socrates complained that writing would harm students. With a way to store ideas permanently and externally, they would no longer need to memorize. However, studies today have found that writing on paper can improve everything from recalling a random series of words to better understanding complex concepts. For learning material by repetition, the benefits of using a pen or pencil lie in how the motor and sensory memory of putting words on paper reinforces that material. The scribbling (涂鸦) on a page feeds into visual memory: people might remember a word they wrote down in French class as being at the bottom-left on a page. One of the best-demonstrated advantages of writing by hand seems to be in note-taking. Students typing on computers wrote down almost twice as many words directly from lectures, suggesting they were not understanding so much as rapidly copying the material. However, handwriting forces note-takers to process and organize ideas into their own words. This aids conceptual understanding at the moment of writing, resulting in better performance on tests. Many studies have confirmed handwriting’s benefits, and policymakers have taken note. Though America’s curriculum from 2010 does not require handwriting instruction past first grade (roughly age six), about half the states since then have required more teaching of it. In Sweden there is a push for more handwriting and printed books and fewer devices. England’s national curriculum already includes the teaching of basic cursive writing (连写体) skills by age seven. However, several school systems in America have gone so far as to ban most laptops. This is too extreme. Some students have disabilities that make handwriting especially hard. Nearly all will eventually need typing skills. Virginia Berninger, professor of psychology at the University of Washington, is a longtime advocate of handwriting. But she is not a purist; she says there are research tested benefits for “manuscript” print-style writing but also for typing. Socrates may or may not have had a point about the downsides of writing. But no one would remember, much less care, if his student Plato had not noted it down for the benefit of future generations. 8. According to the text, why does writing on paper have benefits for learning? A. It provides visual enjoyment in class. B. It improves the effect of memorization. C. It promotes the motor and sensory ability. D. It helps to remember the information forever. 9. How does the author show the emphasis on handwriting instruction at school? A. By giving examples. B. By providing statistics. C. By making comparisons. D. By making classification. 10. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Difficulties faced by the disabled. B. Unreasonableness of forbidding typing. C. The research-tested benefits of typing. D. The longtime advocacy for handwriting. 11. Why does the writer mention Socrates and Plato in the last paragraph? A. To thank Plato for his efforts. B. To defend Socrates’ point of view. C. To show people’s indifference to typing. D. To confirm the importance of handwriting. D Power often boosts an employee’s creativity because being powerful liberates the individual from restrictions. However, new research shows that employees who are not in positions of power can become more creative when given time to “warm up” to a task by engaging in the creative task more than once. “This is important because when people with more power are able to express their creative ideas more than those with less power, which leads to a rich-get-richer dynamic that strengthens these power imbalances,” said Brian Lucas, assistant professor in the Cornell University. “Understanding ways to boost the creativity of lower power workers can help them find the right way to deal with this low-power disadvantage,” Lucas said. Lucas and his colleagues conducted two studies to reach their conclusion．In the first study, they divided the creative idea generation session into two rounds consisting of a one-minute “warm up” followed by a second round in which the participants could take as long as they wanted．Participants were randomly assigned to a high-power condition or a low-power condition, and feelings of power were generated with a role manipulation (操纵) where participants were given a leadership role and control over resources (high power) or an employee role with no control over resources (low power). The study found that high-power individuals were more creative than low-power individuals in the warm-up round．There was no difference, though, in creativity in the second round. In the second study, the researchers gave them a different creative task and increased the number of rounds from two sessions to five, taking as long as they like to complete the task. Similar to the first study, the study found that high-power individuals were more creative than low-power individuals in the first round．But the creativity of low-power individuals caught up to the creativity of the high-power individuals after the first round. “The low-power warm-up effect suggests a simple intervention that empowers all employees to tap their creative potential and overcomes power imbalances in the workplace: when pursuing creative work, let employees warm up first,” Lucas said. 12. Why does Lucas think it important to boost the creativity of lower power workers? A. It maintains power imbalances. B. It motivates their ambition to catch up. C. It creates a competitive work environment. D. It encourages a workplace with more equality. 13. How did Lucas and his co-authors stimulate feelings of power in the participants? A. Through a creative task with time limits. B. Through providing them with different positions. C. Through a competition between leaders and employees. D. Through assigning them to different conditions intentionally. 14. How did the second study differ from the first study? A. It had fewer rounds. B. It involved more participants. C. Participants had a changed task. D. Participants’ creativity gap became wider. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Power tends to encourage creative ideas. B. Changing tasks boosts all the employees’ creativity. C. Warm-up time corrects creativity power imbalances. D. Low-power individuals outperform the high-power ones. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文。从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Mark Covington, founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit, stands in a corner of his urban farm, breathing the fresh air in the early morning. ____16____ Early in the day, the green crops giving life to tomatoes, cabbages, eggplants, and more are bathed in gold, as if being watered by the sun. The sounds of dogs, pigs, roosters, and a group of stirring bees drown out the sounds of the city. In 2007, Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street. ____17____ “It was dirty,” he said. “There were always vacant lots, but they had always been maintained for children to play on.” He knew that if he just cleaned them up, people would pile on them again. ____18____ Covington started with a small community garden. ____19____ One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food, stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives. Little by little the seeds took root, as the hands on the garden that would evolve into a farm multiplied. ____20____ On one corner: a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds. On another: a farm and a community center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse. “It’s somewhat spiritual for me,” Covington says. “It’s like a sanctuary (圣殿). People come here and don’t want to leave.” A. But if he planted stuff, they might not. B. It’s a typical morning scene at the collective. C. He saw garbage piled high in vacant, abandoned lots. D. Covington made the garden a little bigger to plant more. E. And almost immediately neighbors began asking to participate. F. He planted a garden to help feed residents and enrich their lives. G. What began as an effort to remove trash has turned into a site of community. 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Whatever the patient’s age or disease, a hospital stay can be stressful, especially for kids. Efforts like Ella’s are a(an)____21____ spot during a tough time. It began in 2018, when Ella celebrated her birthday in a(n) ____22____ way — a gift drive. Since then, it has ____23____ each year in early October, a few weeks before her birthday. Along with a(an)____24____ to her party, Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital. For the youngest ____25____, gifts might include building blocks or stuffed toys. Then it’s time to share the gifts. “Seeing other people’s ____26____ — that’s all that matters to me,” Ella says. After the first round, the number of donations ____27____ every year. But she doesn’t keep an exact count. ____28____, she judges by sight. “We measure how much of the carpet it covers in our living room,” Ella says. “Last year, it ____29____ the entire carpet.” Allison, working at Brigham Children’s Hospital, has seen firsthand the _____30_____ of Ella’s gift-giving. “She puts smile on the faces of these little patients in our hospital,” Allison says. “They are all amazed at her_____31_____ at such a young age.” Ella’s _____32_____ to help kids in the hospital have inspired others to _____33_____ in her footsteps. Friends have collected and _____34_____ gifts for their birthdays too. “_____35_____ to others is a good feeling to have at the end of the day,” Ella says. “I want to keep doing this as long as I can.” 21. A. independent B. extra C. free D. bright 22. A. new B. private C. fancy D. natural 23. A. worked out B. kicked off C. given out D. thought up 24. A. letter B. recreation C. invitation D. cake 25. A. workers B. patients C. parents D. nurses 26. A. happiness B. recognition C. behavior D. admiration 27. A. changes B. grows C. declines D. maintains 28. A. Thus B. Somehow C. Sometimes D. Instead 29. A. reached B. included C. decorated D. covered 30. A. excitement B. effect C. inspiration D. feature 31. A. generosity B. exploration C. ambition D. progress 32. A. promises B. aims C. efforts D. proposals 33. A. follow B. engage C. track D. mix 34. A. received B. counted C. gathered D. donated 35. A. Responding B. Relating C. Giving D. Comparing 第二节语篇填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is the world’s largest coral reef system. ____36____ (locate) off the coast of Queensland in north- east Australia, it is one of the few biological structures ____37____ (visibility) from space. The GBR is one of the seven wonders of the world and ____38____ (select) as a World Heritage Site in 1981. It is blessed with breathtaking beauty with 2,900 individual reefs and 900 picturesque tropical islands____39____ (stretch) for over 2,000 kilometers. The reef structure is composed of billions of tiny organisms, ____40____support a wide diversity of marine life. The sheer size of the GBR, as well as its beauty, ____41____ (draw) people from all over the world each year. A visitor can enjoy thrilling experiences including helicopter tours, glass- bottomed boat viewing, whale watching, swimming with dolphins and so on. For Australians, the reef is ____42____ source of pride and enjoyment, with the majority of tourists coming ____43____ (special) to Australia to see it. However, the GBR is under threat. The exploitation of oil and gas is driving industrial ____44____ (expand) along much of the norther Queensland coast. Recently, a research group has arrived in Australia to investigate concerns of damage ____45____the GBR. Environmentalists are demanding that all industrial development be stopped until an official review of the health of the GBR is carried out. 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你所在的校艺术社团将举办全校“Trash-to-Art”艺术品原创大赛。请在校英文报上发布一则活动通知，内容包括： 1. 大赛的目的、时间和地点; 2. 参赛作品要求。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80词左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Art Club 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tucker stood by the back door, his eyes fixed on the winter sky: crystal blue and not a single cloud. His breath made steamy circles on the chilled glass window. “I don’t think today’s the day, Tucker.” His father walked up beside him and looked outside. “It has to snow something, doesn’t it, Dad?” asked Tucker, a hint of regret in his voice as he surveyed the barren landscape. “Sure, boy,” his father stroked his fingers through Tucker’s hair and strode off toward the basement door. Tucker’s gaze wandered beyond the backyard of his family’s new home. Just beyond a cluster of prickly pine trees, the flat ground pushed upward into a steep and empty hillside. Dad’s promise of a perfect sledding (乘雪橇) spot echoed in his ears, painting vivid pictures of exhilarating rides down the hill, faster and more thrilling than anything he’d experienced in the city. Sledding. Tucker’s brand- new sled rested in the corner of his room, sandwiched between his dresser (梳妆台) and train table. It was perfect: bright blue with red and orange flames racing up its sides. Tucker loved the feel of the cool, smooth plastic yellow rope. He was sure it would be superfast. If only it would snow. Determined to find some way to make the most of this snowless day, Tucker went down to the basement where he found his father waist- deep in a sea of flattened cardboard boxes. “Can you play chess with me, Dad?” Tucker pleaded. His father looked over the wall of boxes. “I promised your mom I’d get all these boxes broken down and ready for recycling. It won’t take long, Tucker. In a little while, we’ll find something fun to do, I promise.” But Tucker’s eyes had already lit up with a new found idea. As he caught sight of the duct tape (强力防水胶带) next to his father and the ramp (斜坡) formed by the cardboard boxes by accident, inspiration struck. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Dad, can I have some cardboard boxes?” Tucker asked. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Tucker held the sled in place. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 福州三中2024-2025学年高三第六次质量检测 英语试卷 试卷满分: 150分 考试时间: 120分钟 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the speakers do this weekend? A. Stay at home. B. Go on a hike. C. See a movie. 2. When will the speakers probably meet? A. At 6:30 pm. B. At 7:00 pm. C. At 7:30 pm. 3. What is the woman doing? A. Learning sales skills. B. Exchanging experience. C. Conducting an interview. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. How to greet new colleagues. B. What to wear for a special occasion. C. Whether to go to a garden party together. 5. What does the man mean? A. He didn’t get the credit. B. He did well in the project. C. He can’t accept the reward. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To invite her to play a sport. B. To introduce his favorite sport. C. To teach her the rules of a sport. 7. What will the speakers do in an hour? A. Watch a match. B. Play table tennis. C. Learn a new sport. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is probably the woman? A. A trainer. B. A teacher. C. A student. 9. What does the woman say about Mr. Tom? A. He likes laughing in class. B. His teaching inspires her a lot. C. He learns creativity in his work. 10. What do we know about the woman? A. She used to teach math. B. She is a creative person. C. She admires her math teacher. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Strangers. C. Driver and passenger 12. What do the man and woman both want to do next? A. Try Thai food. B. Find a taxi. C. Go to a restaurant. 13. Why does the man know the new Thai place? A. He works there. B. The chef there is funny. C. Its free dessert is awesome. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What will the woman do tomorrow night? A. Attend a party. B. See her cousin. C. Prepare a meal. 15. How does the man feel at first? A. Upset. B. Disappointed. C. Anxious. 16. What can we learn about the woman? A. She is forgetful recently. B. She fails to keep her word. C. She will go to Joe’s house at 11. 17. What will the man do next Sunday? A. Visit Carol’s parents. B. Invite the woman again. C. Have supper with the woman. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker doing? A. Introduce English learning strategies. B. Share his viewing experience with listeners. C. Give tips on how to learn English through movies. 19. What does the speaker suggest listeners do? A. Note down everything you hear. B. Choose a film you’re interested in. C. Practice pronunciation with friends. 20. What can people do on FluentU? A. Watch fun videos. B. Keep a movie journal. C. Use authentic real-life phrases. 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Top Coffee-producing Countries Brazil Back in the 18th century, Brazil started growing coffee. Now, around 300,000 coffee farmers in Brazil produce about 40% of the world’s coffee. Arabica (阿拉比卡咖啡) takes up 70% of the coffee beans grown in the country. In Brazil, 3% of export income is from coffee beans. Brazilians are wild about drinking their coffee and consume it all day long. Vietnam Coffee found its way to Vietnam in the 1800s. Now coffee industry employs almost 3 million people. Most of Vietnam’s coffee production is the less appreciated Robusta (罗布斯塔咖啡) variety. Because of that, most coffee beans grown in Vietnam are for instant coffee. Despite coffee’s popularity as an export crop, the Vietnamese still prefer tea. They also make a famous Cappuccino (卡布奇诺咖啡) not found elsewhere—famous because it gets a dose of raw egg if that’s to your liking. Colombia Coffee was introduced into Colombia in the early 1700s. In Colombia, about 2.3 million acres of land are planted with coffee. Coffee is the most important agricultural export. There are around 555,000 coffee growers in Colombia. The majority of Colombian coffee plantations are owned by families. Colombians typically start their morning with a tinto. It’s a small cup of black coffee that’s sweetened with sugar. They may add cinnamon or other spices to jazz it up. Indonesia Indonesia has a long coffee history that goes back to the 1600s, which has its share of ups and downs. In the late 19th century, the terrible coffee rust disease caused death to many of the high-quality coffee plants. To prevent this from happening again, Indonesia replanted with the disease-resistant Robusta coffee. Arabica beans still play a part in the Indonesian coffee market, representing about 25% of coffee beans grown there. 1. Which of the four countries started growing coffee earliest? A. Brazil. B. Vietnam. C. Colombia. D. Indonesia. 2. What is special about Vietnam? A. A unique kind of coffee drink is made there. B. High-quality coffee beans are produced there. C. Coffee was produced for the home market there. D. Coffee planting met with problems in the 1990s there. 3. What do Brazil and Colombia have in common? A. Coffee exports are growing in both countries. B. They both have a coffee-loving population. C. They share the same number of coffee growers. D. Coffee farms are owned by families in both countries. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个咖啡产国的情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Back in the 18th century, Brazil started growing coffee. (早在18世纪，巴西就开始种植咖啡。)”；第二段“Coffee found its way to Vietnam in the 1800s. (咖啡在19世纪进入越南。)”；第三段“Coffee was introduced into Colombia in the early 1700s. (咖啡在18世纪早期被引入哥伦比亚)”以及最后一段“Indonesia has a long coffee history that goes back to the 1600s, which has its share of ups and downs. (印尼有着悠久的咖啡历史，可以追溯到17世纪，其间有起有落。)”可知，Indonesia是种植咖啡最早的。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“They also make a famous Cappuccino (卡布奇诺咖啡) not found elsewhere—famous because it gets a dose of raw egg if that’s to your liking. (他们还制作了一款在其他地方找不到的著名的卡布奇诺——出名是因为如果你喜欢的话，它会加一些生鸡蛋。)”可知，越南的特别之处在于那里生产一种独特的咖啡饮料。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Brazilians are wild about drinking their coffee and consume it all day long. (巴西人喜欢喝咖啡，整天都在喝。)”和第三段中“Colombians typically start their morning with a tinto. It’s a small cup of black coffee that’s sweetened with sugar. (哥伦比亚人通常以一杯tinto开始他们的早晨。它是一小杯加糖的黑咖啡。)”可知，巴西和哥伦比亚的共同之处是都有喜欢喝咖啡的人。故选B。 B There was no way to escape when they spotted a polar bear. Verena Mohaupt and a handful of colleagues were trapped on a floating sea ice while the bear gazed at them, smelling the air, a dangerous sign. “That’s when everything kicks in,” Mohaupt says, “and you focus on what’s important.” As a colleague fired into the sky as a warning shot, Mohaupt radioed their research ship a few kilometres away, whose helicopter luckily arrived quickly and Mohaupt didn’t have to use the gun that was hanging over her shoulder. Keeping a lookout for bears was a regular duty for Mohaupt, the logistics coordinator(后勤协调员) for a year-long mission known as the MOSAiC——the largest Arctic research exploration in history. The project, consisting of roughly 300 scientists, led by scientist MarkusRex, has collected massive measurements that will help better forecast how warming will transform the globe in the coming decades. For months, the exploration operated in constant darkness while polar bears wandered nearby, storms rocked the ship and the ice shifted and cracked. Then, when the Sun returned, the ice began to melt, creating a life-threatening risk and a nightmare for researchers who needed to keep their instruments from sinking. Tasked with the security of the mission, Mohaupt designed an extensive training course for the participants in which they learnt how to avoid the danger, like storm-rocking and ice-cracking. They jumped into a Norwegian channel in their survival suits and climbed out of the freezing waters using only their ice picks. They learnt how to escape from a crashed helicopter. And they discussed the psychological effects of being far from home. Mohaupt brought knitting equipment, yoga mats and a violin for their mental health——although having been prepared for the isolation. Mohaupt didn’t expect a career in polar regions, but says she has always been drawn to the north. “She was there to make sure that we were protected,” says Markus Rex, “Mohaupt is certainly the champion in the field.” 4. Why does the author mention a polar bear in the beginning? A. To show the threat of bears. B. To tell an interesting story. C. To introduce Mohaupt’s job. D. To describe the polar scenery. 5. What can we know from paragraph 3? A. The working conditions were tough. B. Mohaupt helped to collect massive data. C. The exploration went on in total darkness. D. Mohaupt’s duty was to protect polar bears. 6. Which of the following best describes Mohaupt? A. Ambitious and brave. B. Passionate and dependent. C. Considerate and modest. D. Professional and responsible. 7. What is a suitable title for the text? A. A Potential Danger in the Exploration. B. A Guardian Angel of Polar Researchers. C. A Great Scientific Exploration in History. D. A Great Female Scientist in Polar Research. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一名负责历史上最大的北极研究探险队安全任务的后勤协调员Verena Mohaupt。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Keeping a lookout for bears was a regular duty for Mohaupt, the logistics coordinator(后勤协调员) for a year-long mission known as the MOSAiC——the largest Arctic research exploration in history.”（Mohaupt是一名后勤协调员，负责为期一年的MOSAiC任务，这是历史上最大的北极研究探险。），并结合前两段对遇到北极熊时，Mohaupt应对方式的描述可知，作者在开头提到北极熊，是为了介绍Mohaupt的工作内容。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“For months, the exploration operated in constant darkness while polar bears wandered nearby, storms rocked the ship and the ice shifted and cracked. Then, when the Sun returned, the ice began to melt, creating a life-threatening risk and a nightmare for researchers who needed to keep their instruments from sinking.”（几个月来，探险一直在黑暗中进行，北极熊在附近游荡，风暴摇晃着船，冰在移动和破裂。然后，当太阳返回时，冰开始融化，对需要防止仪器下沉的研究人员来说，这是一场危及生命的危险和噩梦。）可知，探险工作的条件非常恶劣。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Tasked with the security of the mission, Mohaupt designed an extensive training course for the participants in which they learnt how to avoid the danger, like storm-rocking and ice-cracking.”（为了确保任务的安全，Mohaupt为参与者设计了一个广泛的培训课程，让他们学习如何避免危险，比如风暴摇晃和冰裂。）和“They learnt how to escape from a crashed helicopter. And they discussed the psychological effects of being far from home. Mohaupt brought knitting equipment, yoga mats and a violin for their men tal health——although having been prepared for the isolation.”（他们学会了如何从坠毁的直升机中逃生。他们还讨论了远离家乡的心理影响。Mohaupt带来了编织设备、瑜伽垫和一把小提琴，以帮助他们的人保持心理健康——尽管他们已经为隔离做好了准备。）可知，Mohaupt有着过硬的专业知识和技能，对工作认真负责。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段““She was there to make sure that we were protected,” says Markus Rex, “Mohaupt is certainly the champion in the field.””（“她在那里确保我们受到保护，”Markus Rex说，“Mohaupt无疑是这个领域的冠军。”）和全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了Mohaupt这名负责历史上最大的北极研究探险队安全任务的优秀的后勤协调员，她是保护北极探险队成员的天使。故选B。 C Two and a half millennia ago, Socrates complained that writing would harm students. With a way to store ideas permanently and externally, they would no longer need to memorize. However, studies today have found that writing on paper can improve everything from recalling a random series of words to better understanding complex concepts. For learning material by repetition, the benefits of using a pen or pencil lie in how the motor and sensory memory of putting words on paper reinforces that material. The scribbling (涂鸦) on a page feeds into visual memory: people might remember a word they wrote down in French class as being at the bottom-left on a page. One of the best-demonstrated advantages of writing by hand seems to be in note-taking. Students typing on computers wrote down almost twice as many words directly from lectures, suggesting they were not understanding so much as rapidly copying the material. However, handwriting forces note-takers to process and organize ideas into their own words. This aids conceptual understanding at the moment of writing, resulting in better performance on tests. Many studies have confirmed handwriting’s benefits, and policymakers have taken note. Though America’s curriculum from 2010 does not require handwriting instruction past first grade (roughly age six), about half the states since then have required more teaching of it. In Sweden there is a push for more handwriting and printed books and fewer devices. England’s national curriculum already includes the teaching of basic cursive writing (连写体) skills by age seven. However, several school systems in America have gone so far as to ban most laptops. This is too extreme. Some students have disabilities that make handwriting especially hard. Nearly all will eventually need typing skills. Virginia Berninger, professor of psychology at the University of Washington, is a longtime advocate of handwriting. But she is not a purist; she says there are research tested benefits for “manuscript” print-style writing but also for typing. Socrates may or may not have had a point about the downsides of writing. But no one would remember, much less care, if his student Plato had not noted it down for the benefit of future generations. 8. According to the text, why does writing on paper have benefits for learning? A. It provides visual enjoyment in class. B. It improves the effect of memorization. C. It promotes the motor and sensory ability. D. It helps to remember the information forever. 9. How does the author show the emphasis on handwriting instruction at school? A. By giving examples. B. By providing statistics. C. By making comparisons. D. By making classification. 10. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Difficulties faced by the disabled. B. Unreasonableness of forbidding typing. C. The research-tested benefits of typing. D. The longtime advocacy for handwriting. 11. Why does the writer mention Socrates and Plato in the last paragraph? A. To thank Plato for his efforts. B. To defend Socrates’ point of view. C. To show people’s indifference to typing. D. To confirm the importance of handwriting. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了使用钢笔或铅笔的好处，以及美国、瑞典等国家对手写的重视。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ However, studies today have found that writing on paper can improve everything from recalling a random series of words to better understanding complex concepts. (然而，今天的研究发现，写在纸上可以提高一切，从回忆一系列随机的单词到更好地理解复杂的概念。)”可知，在纸上写可以提高记忆的效果。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Many studies have confirmed handwriting’s benefits, and policymakers have taken note. Though America’s curriculum from 2010 does not require handwriting instruction past first grade (roughly age six), about half the states since then have required more teaching of it. In Sweden there is a push for more handwriting and printed books and fewer devices. England’s national curriculum already includes the teaching of basic cursive writing (连写体) skills by age seven. （许多研究证实了手写的好处，政策制定者也注意到了这一点。尽管从2010年开始，美国的课程不再要求一年级以上(大约六岁)的学生进行书写教学，但自那以后，大约有一半的州要求增加书写教学。在瑞典，人们正在推动更多的手写和印刷书籍以及更少的电子设备。英国的国家课程已经包括在7岁之前教授基本的草书写作技能。)”可知，作者通举例子说明学校对书写教学的重视。故选A。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“However, several school systems in America have gone so far as to ban most laptops. This is too extreme. Some students have disabilities that make handwriting especially hard. Nearly all will eventually need typing skills. (然而，美国的一些学校甚至禁止使用笔记本电脑。这太极端了。一些学生有残疾，使得书写特别困难。几乎所有人最终都需要打字技能。)”可知，本段讲述的是“禁止打字是不合理的”。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Socrates may or may not have had a point about the downsides of writing. But no one would remember, much less care, if his student Plato had not noted it down for the benefit of future generations. (苏格拉底可能说到了写作的缺点，也可能没说到。但是，如果他的学生柏拉图没有为了后代的利益而把它记录下来，没有人会记得，更不用说关心了。)”可知，作者提及苏格拉底式为了进一步说明书写的重要性。故选D。 D Power often boosts an employee’s creativity because being powerful liberates the individual from restrictions. However, new research shows that employees who are not in positions of power can become more creative when given time to “warm up” to a task by engaging in the creative task more than once. “This is important because when people with more power are able to express their creative ideas more than those with less power, which leads to a rich-get-richer dynamic that strengthens these power imbalances,” said Brian Lucas, assistant professor in the Cornell University. “Understanding ways to boost the creativity of lower power workers can help them find the right way to deal with this low-power disadvantage,” Lucas said. Lucas and his colleagues conducted two studies to reach their conclusion．In the first study, they divided the creative idea generation session into two rounds consisting of a one-minute “warm up” followed by a second round in which the participants could take as long as they wanted．Participants were randomly assigned to a high-power condition or a low-power condition, and feelings of power were generated with a role manipulation (操纵) where participants were given a leadership role and control over resources (high power) or an employee role with no control over resources (low power). The study found that high-power individuals were more creative than low-power individuals in the warm-up round．There was no difference, though, in creativity in the second round. In the second study, the researchers gave them a different creative task and increased the number of rounds from two sessions to five, taking as long as they like to complete the task. Similar to the first study, the study found that high-power individuals were more creative than low-power individuals in the first round．But the creativity of low-power individuals caught up to the creativity of the high-power individuals after the first round. “The low-power warm-up effect suggests a simple intervention that empowers all employees to tap their creative potential and overcomes power imbalances in the workplace: when pursuing creative work, let employees warm up first,” Lucas said. 12. Why does Lucas think it important to boost the creativity of lower power workers? A. It maintains power imbalances. B. It motivates their ambition to catch up. C. It creates a competitive work environment. D. It encourages a workplace with more equality. 13. How did Lucas and his co-authors stimulate feelings of power in the participants? A. Through a creative task with time limits. B. Through providing them with different positions. C. Through a competition between leaders and employees. D. Through assigning them to different conditions intentionally. 14. How did the second study differ from the first study? A. It had fewer rounds. B. It involved more participants. C. Participants had a changed task. D. Participants’ creativity gap became wider. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Power tends to encourage creative ideas. B. Changing tasks boosts all the employees’ creativity. C. Warm-up time corrects creativity power imbalances. D. Low-power individuals outperform the high-power ones. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，给予热身时间后，职位低的员工的创造力可以得到提升。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中““Understanding ways to boost the creativity of lower power workers can help them find the right way to deal with this low-power disadvantage,” Lucas said. (卢卡斯说：“了解如何提高低权力员工的创造力，可以帮助他们找到正确的方法来应对这种低权力的劣势。”)”可知，了解如何促进职位较低员工的创造力，能够帮助他们找到正确的方法来应对职位低的劣势，让他们产生更多创造性想法，从而促进工作场所更加公平公正。故选 D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Participants were randomly assigned to a high-power condition or a low-power condition, and feelings of power were generated with a role manipulation (操纵) where participants were given a leadership role and control over resources (high power) or an employee role with no control over resources (low power)(参与者被随机分配到高权力情境或低权力情境，并通过角色操纵产生权力感，参与者被赋予领导角色和控制资源的角色(高权力)或没有控制资源的员工角色(低权力)。)”可知，参与者的权力感是通过给予参与者不同的角色（leadership 或 employee role）来产生的。故选 B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In the second study, the researchers gave them a different creative task and increased the number of rounds from two sessions to five, taking as long as they like to complete the task(在第二项研究中，研究人员给了他们一项不同的创造性任务，并将回合数从两回合增加到五回合，只要他们愿意，就可以完成任务。)”可知，第二项研究中，任务发生了改变。故选 C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“However, new research shows that employees who are not in positions of power can become more creative when given time to “warm up” to a task by engaging in the creative task more than once.(然而，新的研究表明，没有权力的员工如果有时间通过多次参与创造性任务来“热身”，他们会变得更有创造力。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍研究发现，一般情况下，职位高的员工比职位低的员工更具有创造力，但是热身环节可以激发职位低的员工的创造力，从而创造一个更加公平的工作环境, 所以选择项C“Warm-up time corrects creativity power imbalances. (热身能够纠正创造能力的不均衡。)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文。从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Mark Covington, founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit, stands in a corner of his urban farm, breathing the fresh air in the early morning. ____16____ Early in the day, the green crops giving life to tomatoes, cabbages, eggplants, and more are bathed in gold, as if being watered by the sun. The sounds of dogs, pigs, roosters, and a group of stirring bees drown out the sounds of the city. In 2007, Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street. ____17____ “It was dirty,” he said. “There were always vacant lots, but they had always been maintained for children to play on.” He knew that if he just cleaned them up, people would pile on them again. ____18____ Covington started with a small community garden. ____19____ One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food, stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives. Little by little the seeds took root, as the hands on the garden that would evolve into a farm multiplied. ____20____ On one corner: a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds. On another: a farm and a community center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse. “It’s somewhat spiritual for me,” Covington says. “It’s like a sanctuary (圣殿). People come here and don’t want to leave.” A. But if he planted stuff, they might not. B. It’s a typical morning scene at the collective. C. He saw garbage piled high in vacant, abandoned lots. D. Covington made the garden a little bigger to plant more. E. And almost immediately neighbors began asking to participate. F. He planted a garden to help feed residents and enrich their lives. G. What began as an effort to remove trash has turned into a site of community. 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了社区领袖Mark Covington变废为宝，建农场助邻，社区由此焕发新生。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Mark Covington, founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit, stands in a corner of his urban farm, breathing the fresh air in the early morning.(Mark Covington是底特律乔治亚街社区集体组织的创始人，他站在自家城市农场的一角，呼吸着清晨的新鲜空气)”及下文“Early in the day, the green crops giving life to tomatoes, cabbages, eggplants, and more are bathed in gold, as if being watered by the sun.(清晨，绿色的庄稼，如西红柿、卷心菜、茄子等，沐浴在金色之中，仿佛被太阳浇灌过)”可知，这些描述共同构成了清晨在这个集体农场中的典型景象，B项“这是集体农场的一个典型清晨场景”符合语境，故选B。 【17题详解】 根据上文“In 2007, Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street.(2007年，Covington失去了工作，回到了儿时的街道)”以及下文“‘It was dirty,’ he said.(‘很脏，’他说)”可知，此处是说Covington回到儿时的街道后看到脏乱的景象，C项“他看到垃圾堆在空的、废弃的空地上”符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 上文“He knew that if he just cleaned them up, people would pile on them again.(他知道如果他把它们清理干净，人们又会把它们堆起来)”提到，Covington意识到如果只是简单地清理这些空地，人们又会再次把垃圾堆在上面，这暗示了需要一种更持久、更有意义的改变，结合下文“Covington started with a small community garden.(Covington从一个小的社区花园开始)”提到他种植社区花园可知，空处是说他想到如果在这些空地上种植东西，人们可能就不会再往上面乱丢垃圾了，A项“但如果他种一些东西，他们可能就不会（堆积）”符合语境，故选A。 【19题详解】 上文“Covington started with a small community garden.(Covington从一个小的社区花园开始)”提到Covington开始种植社区花园，结合下文“One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food, stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives.(一位母亲让三个孩子帮他建了一个更大的花园，孩子们可以在那里种食物，在夏天保持忙碌，并为他们的生活增添一些安排)”可知，邻居们和Covington一起种植社区花园，E项“邻居们几乎立刻就开始要求参与进来”符合语境，故选E。 【20题详解】 结合下文“On one corner: a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds. On another: a farm and a community center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse.(在一个角落里：一个电影屏幕和一个有蔬菜和花坛的公共花园。在另一个角落：一个农场和一个社区中心在一栋楼里。附近是大蒜床和温室)”可知，文章最后描述了Covington的项目如何从清理垃圾开始，逐渐发展成为一个集电影屏幕、公共花园、农场和社区中心等多种功能于一体的社区活动场所。这显示了该项目从单纯的垃圾清理转变为一个促进社区凝聚力和活力的地方。因此，选项G“从清理垃圾开始的项目已经变成了一个社区活动的地方”最能概括文章结尾部分的内容。故选G。 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Whatever the patient’s age or disease, a hospital stay can be stressful, especially for kids. Efforts like Ella’s are a(an)____21____ spot during a tough time. It began in 2018, when Ella celebrated her birthday in a(n) ____22____ way — a gift drive. Since then, it has ____23____ each year in early October, a few weeks before her birthday. Along with a(an)____24____ to her party, Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital. For the youngest ____25____, gifts might include building blocks or stuffed toys. Then it’s time to share the gifts. “Seeing other people’s ____26____ — that’s all that matters to me,” Ella says. After the first round, the number of donations ____27____ every year. But she doesn’t keep an exact count. ____28____, she judges by sight. “We measure how much of the carpet it covers in our living room,” Ella says. “Last year, it ____29____ the entire carpet.” Allison, working at Brigham Children’s Hospital, has seen firsthand the _____30_____ of Ella’s gift-giving. “She puts smile on the faces of these little patients in our hospital,” Allison says. “They are all amazed at her_____31_____ at such a young age.” Ella’s _____32_____ to help kids in the hospital have inspired others to _____33_____ in her footsteps. Friends have collected and _____34_____ gifts for their birthdays too. “_____35_____ to others is a good feeling to have at the end of the day,” Ella says. “I want to keep doing this as long as I can.” 21. A. independent B. extra C. free D. bright 22. A. new B. private C. fancy D. natural 23. A. worked out B. kicked off C. given out D. thought up 24. A. letter B. recreation C. invitation D. cake 25. A. workers B. patients C. parents D. nurses 26. A. happiness B. recognition C. behavior D. admiration 27. A. changes B. grows C. declines D. maintains 28. A. Thus B. Somehow C. Sometimes D. Instead 29. A. reached B. included C. decorated D. covered 30. A. excitement B. effect C. inspiration D. feature 31. A. generosity B. exploration C. ambition D. progress 32. A. promises B. aims C. efforts D. proposals 33. A. follow B. engage C. track D. mix 34. A. received B. counted C. gathered D. donated 35. A. Responding B. Relating C. Giving D. Comparing 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了艾拉通过捐赠礼物给生病的孩子庆祝自己的生日的故事，艾拉的做法鼓舞其他人也效仿她，艾拉认为给予是快乐的。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像艾拉这样的努力是艰难时期的一个亮点。A. independent独立的；B. extra额外的；C. free自由的；D. bright欢快的，明亮的。根据前文“Whatever the patient’s age or disease, a hospital stay can be stressful, especially for kids.”和后文“Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital”可知，病人在医院的时光是艰难的，艾拉给生病的孩子送礼物是这段艰难时光中明亮的时刻。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一切始于2018年，当时艾拉以一种新的方式庆祝她的生日——送礼物。A. new新的；B. private私人的；C. fancy奇特的；D. natural自然的。根据后文“a gift drive. Since then, it has ____3____ each year in early October, a few weeks before her birthday.”可知，艾拉用一种新的不同于通常的方式庆祝自己的生日。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那以后，每年的十月初，也就是她生日的前几周，就开始了。A. worked out计算出；B. kicked off开始；C. given out分发；D. thought up想出。根据后文“Along with a（an）____4____ to her party, Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital.”可知，艾拉和朋友在她的生日前几周就开始送礼物给住院的孩子们。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾拉的朋友们除了收到参加她聚会的邀请外，还收到一份给医院里孩子们的礼物清单。A. letter信；B. recreation娱乐；C. invitation邀请；D. cake蛋糕。根据后文“to her party”可知，艾拉过生日，给朋友们发邀请函邀请他们参加她的生日派对。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于最小的病人，礼物可能包括积木或填充玩具。A. workers工人；B. patients病人；C. parents父母；D. nurses护士。根据前文“Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital.”可知，此处指最小的病人会得到积木和填充玩具。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“看到别人的幸福——这对我来说是最重要的，”艾拉说。A. happiness快乐；B. recognition认可；C. behavior行为；D. admiration钦佩。根据前文“Then it’s time to share the gifts.”可知，此处指病人收到礼物时的幸福时刻。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在第一轮之后，捐赠的数量每年都在增长。A. changes改变；B. grows增加；C. declines下降；D. maintains保持。根据后文“But she doesn’t keep an exact count.”可知，捐赠数量在增加。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她目测判断。A. Thus因而；B. Somehow莫名其妙地；C. Sometimes有时候；D. Instead代替。根据前文“But she doesn’t keep an exact count.”和后文“she judges by sight.”可知，对于捐赠的礼物数量，她没有确切的数字，而是目测。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，它覆盖了整个地毯。A. reached到达；B. included包括；C. decorated装饰；D. covered覆盖。根据前文“We measure how much of the carpet it covers in our living room”可知，艾拉通过目测覆盖多少地毯判断礼物数量，去年覆盖了整个地毯。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在布里格姆儿童医院工作的艾莉森亲眼目睹了艾拉送礼物的影响。A. excitement兴奋；B. effect影响；C. inspiration鼓舞；D. feature特色。根据后文““She puts smile on the faces of these little patients in our hospital,” Allison says. “They are all amazed at her____11____ at such a young age.””可知，此处说的是艾莉森目睹了艾拉送礼物的影响——给病人带来了快乐。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“她给我们医院里的小病人带来了微笑，”艾莉森说。“他们都对她这么年轻就慷慨大方感到惊讶。”A. generosity慷慨；B. exploration探索；C. ambition抱负；D. progress进步。根据前文“Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital.”可知，艾拉送礼物给病人，是慷慨大方的。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾拉努力帮助医院里的孩子们，这激励了其他人跟随她的脚步。A. promises诺言；B. aims目标；C. efforts努力；D. proposals提议。根据后文“inspired others to ____13____ in her footsteps.”和前文内容可知，艾拉做出的努力激励人们追随她的脚步。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾拉努力帮助医院里的孩子们，这激励了其他人跟随她的脚步。A. follow跟随；B. engage参加；C. track追踪；D. mix混合。根据后文“Friends have collected and ____14____ gifts for their birthdays too.”可知，其他人纷纷效仿艾拉。follow in one’s steps“效仿；跟随某人的脚步”。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：朋友们也因为他们的生日收集和捐赠礼物。A. received收到；B. counted计算；C. gathered聚集；D. donated捐赠。根据前文“have inspired others to ____13____ in her footsteps”可知，朋友们效仿艾拉也捐赠礼物。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：给予他人在一天结束的时候是一种很好的感觉，”艾拉说。A. Responding回应；B. Relating与……有关；C. Giving给予；D. Comparing比较。根据前文内容可知，艾拉捐赠礼物给病人，是一种给予。故选C。 第二节语篇填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is the world’s largest coral reef system. ____36____ (locate) off the coast of Queensland in north- east Australia, it is one of the few biological structures ____37____ (visibility) from space. The GBR is one of the seven wonders of the world and ____38____ (select) as a World Heritage Site in 1981. It is blessed with breathtaking beauty with 2,900 individual reefs and 900 picturesque tropical islands____39____ (stretch) for over 2,000 kilometers. The reef structure is composed of billions of tiny organisms, ____40____support a wide diversity of marine life. The sheer size of the GBR, as well as its beauty, ____41____ (draw) people from all over the world each year. A visitor can enjoy thrilling experiences including helicopter tours, glass- bottomed boat viewing, whale watching, swimming with dolphins and so on. For Australians, the reef is ____42____ source of pride and enjoyment, with the majority of tourists coming ____43____ (special) to Australia to see it. However, the GBR is under threat. The exploitation of oil and gas is driving industrial ____44____ (expand) along much of the norther Queensland coast. Recently, a research group has arrived in Australia to investigate concerns of damage ____45____the GBR. Environmentalists are demanding that all industrial development be stopped until an official review of the health of the GBR is carried out. 【答案】36. Located 37. visible 38. was selected 39. stretching 40. which 41. draws 42. a 43. specially 44. expansion 45. to 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大堡礁的美丽、多样性、旅游吸引力及其面临的环境威胁。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：大堡礁位于澳大利亚东北部昆士兰州沿岸，它是少数能从太空看见的生物结构之一。空处需要非谓语动词作状语。be located “坐落于…”，所以该短语去掉be动词，剩下过去分词作状语。该单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Located。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：大堡礁位于澳大利亚东北部昆士兰州沿岸，它是少数能从太空看见的生物结构之一。空处需要形容词作后置定语修饰名词the few biological structures。visibility的形容词形式为visible“看得见的”。故填visible。 【38题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：大堡礁是世界七大奇迹之一，1981年被选为世界遗产。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语in 1981可知，句子用一般过去时，且主语和select之间是被动关系，主语为第三人称单数形式。故填was selected。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它拥有令人叹为观止的美丽，拥有2900个独立的珊瑚礁和900个风景如画的热带岛屿，绵延超过2000公里。本题考查with的复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”。空处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语。该动词和宾语之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾补。故填stretching。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：礁体结构由数十亿微小生物组成，维持着多样的海洋生物。空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词tiny organisms。先行词指物，定语从句缺少主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 【41题详解】 考查时态以及主谓一致。句意：大堡礁的巨大规模和美丽每年吸引着来自世界各地的人。空处为句子的谓语动词，句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态。主语为“The sheer size of the GBR, as well as its beauty”，谓语动词和The sheer size of the GBR保持一致，所以用第三人称单数形式。故填draws。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：对澳大利亚人来说，这座礁是骄傲和快乐的来源，大多数游客专门来澳大利亚观赏大堡礁。a source of“……的来源”。故填a。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：对澳大利亚人来说，这座礁是骄傲和快乐的来源，大多数游客专门来澳大利亚观赏大堡礁。空处需要副词修饰动词coming。故填specially。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：石油和天然气的开发正在推动昆士兰北部沿岸的大规模工业扩展。根据空前的industrial可知，空处需要名词作宾语。expand的名词形式为expansion“扩张”。故填expansion。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：最近，一个研究小组来到澳大利亚调查关于大堡礁损害的担忧。damage为名词“损害”，damage to“对……的伤害” 。故填to。 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你所在的校艺术社团将举办全校“Trash-to-Art”艺术品原创大赛。请在校英文报上发布一则活动通知，内容包括： 1. 大赛的目的、时间和地点; 2. 参赛作品要求。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80词左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Art Club 【答案】Notice Attention all students and art enthusiasts! The Art Club of our school is thrilled to announce an artwork contest themed “Trash-to-Art”. Our aim is to foster artistic creativity while promoting environmental awareness by encouraging the use of recycled materials in art. The event will take place in the school auditorium on October 25th. Entries must be original artworks primarily made from to-be-discarded items. Your masterpiece can be anything from sculptures, handicrafts to paintings, and we anticipate that participants will display rich imagination as well as concern for the environment. Artworks should be submitted by October 20th to the club’s office for judging, and the top 5 will receive certificates of honor and high-quality art supplies. Let’s turn trash into treasure together! Don’t miss the opportunity to showcase your talent and support our planet. See you at the competition! The Art Club 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你所在的校艺术社团将举办全校“Trash-to-Art”艺术品原创大赛。要求考生写一则活动通知发布在校英文报上。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动的：thrilled→excited 目标：aim → goal 提交：submit→hand in 垃圾：trash→ rubbish 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： The Art Club of our school is thrilled to announce an artwork contest themed “Trash-to-Art”. 拓展句： The Art Club of our school is thrilled to announce an artwork contest whose theme is “Trash-to-Art”. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Your masterpiece can be anything from sculptures, handicrafts to paintings, and we anticipate that participants will display rich imagination as well as concern for the environment.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Artworks should be submitted by October 20th to the club’s office for judging, and the top 5 will receive certificates of honor and high-quality art supplies.（运用了情态动词的被动语态结构以及一般将来时） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tucker stood by the back door, his eyes fixed on the winter sky: crystal blue and not a single cloud. His breath made steamy circles on the chilled glass window. “I don’t think today’s the day, Tucker.” His father walked up beside him and looked outside. “It has to snow something, doesn’t it, Dad?” asked Tucker, a hint of regret in his voice as he surveyed the barren landscape. “Sure, boy,” his father stroked his fingers through Tucker’s hair and strode off toward the basement door. Tucker’s gaze wandered beyond the backyard of his family’s new home. Just beyond a cluster of prickly pine trees, the flat ground pushed upward into a steep and empty hillside. Dad’s promise of a perfect sledding (乘雪橇) spot echoed in his ears, painting vivid pictures of exhilarating rides down the hill, faster and more thrilling than anything he’d experienced in the city. Sledding. Tucker’s brand- new sled rested in the corner of his room, sandwiched between his dresser (梳妆台) and train table. It was perfect: bright blue with red and orange flames racing up its sides. Tucker loved the feel of the cool, smooth plastic yellow rope. He was sure it would be superfast. If only it would snow. Determined to find some way to make the most of this snowless day, Tucker went down to the basement where he found his father waist- deep in a sea of flattened cardboard boxes. “Can you play chess with me, Dad?” Tucker pleaded. His father looked over the wall of boxes. “I promised your mom I’d get all these boxes broken down and ready for recycling. It won’t take long, Tucker. In a little while, we’ll find something fun to do, I promise.” But Tucker’s eyes had already lit up with a new found idea. As he caught sight of the duct tape (强力防水胶带) next to his father and the ramp (斜坡) formed by the cardboard boxes by accident, inspiration struck. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Dad, can I have some cardboard boxes?” Tucker asked. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Tucker held the sled in place. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】“Dad, can I have some cardboard boxes?” Tucker asked. “Sure, if you clean up when you’re done,” answered Dad. “And some duct tape, too?” Tucker continued. His father smiled, grabbed the duct tape, and tossed it to Tucker. Despite the cold, he was sweating from carrying a mountain of cardboard into the backyard. Happily, he lined the flat brown boxes, one after the other, up the hillside, and taped the undersides together until they had formed a ramp. It ran from the tiptop of the sledding hill, past the pine trees, and down to the middle of the backyard. Tucker held the sled in place. Gripping the steering rope, and moving his feet into position, Tucker took a deep, frosty breath. He let out a scream as the sled raced down the slope, faster and faster. It came to a sudden stop in the crunchy grass. Tucker flew through the air and landed in a giggly heap. He jumped to his feet and raced back up the hill with his sled again and again. When the last of the daylight finally faded away, he lay back in his sled and gazed up at the darkening sky. Then he stuck out his tongue to catch the first thick, white flake swirling down from above. And he smiled. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。塔克站在后门旁，望着无云的蓝天，渴望下雪。他期待和父亲去滑雪橇，但天气无雪。他转而请求父亲陪他下棋，父亲忙于整理纸箱。塔克看到胶带和纸箱堆成的斜坡，心生一计。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“‘爸爸，能给我一些纸板箱吗？’塔克问道。”可知，第一段可以描写塔克用纸板箱制作滑道的过程。 ②由第二段句首内容“塔克把雪橇固定好。”可知，第二段可以描写塔克在自己制作的滑道上的滑动过程和心理活动。 2.续写线索：要纸板箱—组装—把雪橇固定好—滑动—快乐—下雪 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①回答： answer/ reply ②继续：continue/ keep on ③抓住：grab/ seize 情绪类 ①快乐地：happily/ joyfully ②咯咯地笑着着陆：land in a giggly heap/ giggle and land 【点睛】[高分句型1]Happily, he lined the flat brown boxes, one after the other, up the hillside, and taped the undersides together until they had formed a ramp.(运用了until引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2]Gripping the steering rope, and moving his feet into position, Tucker took a deep, frosty breath.(运用了现在分词Gripping和moving作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $