专题04 Module 4 Rules and suggestions-【寒假】2025年九年级英语寒假学习讲义（外研版）

Module 4 Rules and suggestions set off [ˈsetɒf] 动身;出发 sock [sɒk] n.短袜 whenever [hwen'evə] conj.每当;无论什么时候 proper [ˈprɒpə] adj.合适的;恰当的 edge [edʒ] n.边，边缘 yourself [jʊə'self] pron.你自己 go off [gəʊ//ˈɒf] 离开 starve [stɑːv] v.挨饿;饿死 go [gəʊ] n.尝试;努力 in one go 一口气;一下子 rock [rɒk] n.岩;岩石 rock climbing 攀岩 stone [stəʊn] n.石头 fairly [ˈfeəli] adv.相当;还算 smooth [ˈsməʊkɪŋ] adj.无困难的;顺利的;光滑的;平坦的 straight [streɪt] adj.直的;笔直的 tent [tent] n.帐蓬 fall [fɔːl] v.变成，进入(某种状态) fall asleep 入睡;睡着 hang (hung,hung) v.悬挂;吊 sudden [ˈsʌd(ə)n] adj.突然的;急剧的 gun [ɡʌn] n.枪 soft [ /sɒft ] adj.软的;柔软的 still [stɪl] adj.静止的;不动的 wood [wʊd] n.(小)树木;林地 blood [blʌd] n.血;血液 考点1.leaving leave 〔v〕离开 过去式left 过去分词 left leave sb alone 让某人一个人待着 leave sp 离开某地 leave for sp 去某地，出发前往 考点2.suggest suggest 〔v〕 建议 suggest doing sth 建议做某事 suggest + 从句 （sb should do sth , should 可以省略） suggestion 〔cn〕 建议 【拓展】 advise 〔v〕 advice 〔不可数名词un〕 advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 advise sb not to do sth建议某人不做某事 考点3.pay attention 注意 pay attention to sth/ doing sth 注意某事/ 作某事 考点4.set off set off set --- set--- set ①动身；出发(=set out =start off ) ②使爆炸；引起 set off for +表示地点的名词(词组) 动身去某地= leave for set up 建立 a set of 一串，一组 set aside 留出， 省出 set down 记下，写下 set out 出发 set off 动身，出发 set about 着手 They _ ____ doing their homework.他们开始做他们的作业了。 考点5.a few 几个，少许 few：用于可数名词，否定用法。 I have few friends. 我没有朋友 a few：用于可数名词，肯定用法。 I have a few friends. 我有几个朋友。 little：用于不可数名词，否定用法。 There is little water in the bottle. 瓶子里没有水 a little：用于不可数名词，肯定用法。 There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一点水 考点6.whenever 连词，意为“每当；无论什么时候” 相当于no matter when。 Whenever you come, you’ ll be welcome. 【拓展】whatever无论什么 wherever 无论何地 however 无论如何;不管怎样 whoever 无论谁 考点7.yourselves反身代词 意为“你们自己”，是yourself的复数形式，在句中作hurt的宾语。 【拓展】oneself 反身代词 我自己 你自己 他自己 她自己 它自己 我们自己 你们自己 他们自己 myself yourselves himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 由oneself构成的短语： help yourself 请随便吃 teach oneself 自学 learn by oneself 自学 come to oneself 苏醒过来 enjoy oneself 玩的开心过的愉快 = have fun= have a good time 考点8.have to 和must 必须 have to : 侧重客观上“不得不”， 有人称、数和时态的变化， don’t have to 不必做某事 must : 侧重主观上“必须”， 没有人称、数和时态的变化， mustn’t do sth 禁止作某事 考点9.need need sth / sb 需要某人某物 need to do sth 需要被做某事 don’t need to do sth 不必做某事 need doing = need to be done 需要被 考点10.be careful be careful with...小心.... be careful of 注意…… ；留心…… be careful for 关注 be careful about 讲究；小心，当心 careless 〔adj〕 粗心的 carelessness 〔n〕 粗心 考点11. lead 领导，带领〔v〕 过去式led-- led lead 〔n〕 领先 take the lead 领先 leader 〔n〕领导 考点12.时间介词 at, in, on at 〔prep〕 prep.在……期间 at Christmas 在圣诞节期间 at +时间点 在几点钟 at night/noon 在晚上/在正午 at the age of .. 在……岁的时候 on +具体日期、节日、具体某天的早中晚 on Monday morning 在周一的早上 on Dragon Boat Festival 在端午节当天 in +①年代、年份、季节、月份等 在2050年 in 2050 在8月 in August ②短语 the morning/afternoon/evening e.g.老年人们习惯早上早起。 Old people are used to getting up early in the morning. 考点13.fall asleep. fall asleep 入睡 fall--- fell--- fallen fall ill 生病 fall silent 变得安静 【拓展】be asleep “睡着的”表示一种状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。 go to sleep意为“睡着；入睡”，表示从清醒到渐渐睡着这一过程，强调进入睡眠状态。 go to bed表示“上床睡觉”，强调上床睡觉这个动作，无“睡着”之意，它的对应词组是get up“起床”。 fall asleep “入睡；睡着”。表示动作，侧重于“自然而然地入睡”，有时指无意之中或在不适当的场合睡着。 考点14.hang (1)悬挂；吊， 过去式和过去分词均为hung。 (2)绞死，过去式和过去分词均为hanged。 I hung the washing on the clothing line.我把洗好的衣服挂在晾衣绳上。 At last, the bad man was hanged. 最后，这个坏男人被绞死了。 【拓展】与hang相关的常见短语： hang out 闲逛；常去某处 hang on 不挂断（电话） hang up 挂断（电话） 考点15.put 短语 put up 挂起；张贴; 举起 put away 整理，放在一边 put up with 提出，想出 put out 熄灭 put off 推迟 put down 放下 put on 穿上，增重 考点16.up 短语 put up 挂起；张贴; 举起 get up 起来 grow up 长大，成长 give up放弃 pick up 捡起，接送，采摘 take up 占用，从事 make up 编造，化妆，弥补 look up 查阅 tidy up 整理干净 clean up 打扫干净 cut up 切碎 考点17.make 用法 make yourself comfortable 请随意，不用拘束 make sb.+adj. 使人……的 make it + adj + to do sth 使做某事...样 it 作形式宾语 make up 编造,化妆，弥补 make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决心做某事 make sb do sth让某人做某事 make sb not do sth 让某人不要做某事. make noise 发出噪音 noisy 〔adj〕 吵闹的 noise 〔n〕噪音 noisily 〔adv〕 吵闹地 考点18.see 用法 see -- saw-- seen sit--- sitting see sb do doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 see sb do sth 看见某人常做某事/ 做过某事 类似用法 ：see, notice, watch, hear 【拓展】 see被动语态 see sb do sth 的被动语态形式be seen to do see sb doing sth 的被动语态形式be seen doing 考点19.look 相关短语 look for 寻找 look out 小心 look after 照顾 look forward to 期盼 look into 调查 look over 仔细检查 look up 查阅 look through 浏览 look down 向下看，轻视 look like 像 考点20.remember 〔v〕 记住 remembered-- remembered 反义词 forget 〔v〕 忘记 forget--- forgot--- forgotten remember doing sth 记得做过的事情 remember to do sth 记得去做某事 考点21.表示到达某地 arrive, reach, get to arrive 不及物动词 arrive in +地点名词（大） arrive at+地点名词（小） arrive + 地点副词 reach 及物动词，直接加表示地点的名词 get to 及物动词短语， 加表示地点的名词短语。如果接地点副词，省略to get home , get there, get here 考点22.辨析：except,besides与but except强调“从整体中除去except后的内容",常与all,always,除了………外 besides除……外，还有包括besides后的内容 but 除…之外.常与nothing,no,nobody连 All the students are studying at school except Tom,who is ill at home.除汤姆生病在家外,所有的学生都在校学习。 I like maths besides English.除英语之外,我还喜欢数学。 She had nothing but two pieces of bread this morning 今天早上她只吃了两片面包。 情态动词 情态动词的用法 分类图解 情态 动词 意义及用法 例句 may 表示“请求许可”，意思是“可以，可能”，其一般疑问句的否定回答为mustn’t。 —May I go out and play football? —No,you mustn’t.　 表推测，意思是“可能”。 Mr.Li may be at home. can (could) 表示“能力”，意思是“能，会”，否定形式为can’t,couldn’t。 Mike can speak a little Chinese. I could ride the bike when I was 6 years old. 用在疑问句中，表示“征求意见”，could比can的语气更委婉、客气。 Could you tell me something about your school? 表推测，常用在否定句和疑问句中。 He can’t be at home. He has gone to Japan. can用于一般现在时及一般过去时两种时态，be able to可以用于各种时态。 He can spell these words. He has been able to draw pictures already. must 表示义务、命令或要求，意思是“必须，应该”，否定形式为mustn’t，意思是“不应该，不允许”，表示警告。 You must be careful next time. You mustn’t take photos here. 表示推测，意为“必定”。 He must be in the room. 表示说话人的主观看法。 I must go home now. must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答时用must，have to；否定回答时用needn’t或don’t have to。 —Must I finish the homework today? —No,you needn’t/you don’t have to. need　 表示“需要”，多用于否定句。 He needn’t worry about it. 作实义动词，后接动词不定式。 I’m very tired and I need to have a rest. ought to / dare / should用法小结 1.—Mum, it’s too hot. ____________ I swim in the lake? —No, you ___________. That’s too dangerous! A. Should; can’t B. Need; mustn’t C. Must; needn’t D. Could; mustn’t 2.—May I take the magazine out of the reading room? —No, you ____________. Please read it here A. mustn’t B. wouldn’t C. needn’t 3.—Whose cap is this? Is it Cindy’s? —It ____________ be hers. Don’t you remember she even didn’t come to the party? A. can’t B. might C. may not D. must 4.—Will you stay here for dinner with us? —Sorry, I ____________. My mother is waiting for me at home. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. couldn’t 5.The magazine ____________ Lucy’s. We can see her name on the cover. A. mustn’t be B. can’t be C. must be D. needn’t be 6.—Where is Monica? I can’t find her anywhere. —She ____________ be in the library. She loves reading books when she is free. A. must B. need C. can’t 7.According to the notice, guests at this hotel ____________ use the sports center at no extra cost. A. can B. should C. must D. need 8.Ants are pretty small. You might think that they ____________ be rather weak. But what you might not know is that ants are actually very strong for their size. A. need B. can’t C. must 9.—Mum, may I play computer games this evening? —No way, you ____________ finish your homework. A. can B. must C. may D. will 10.As middle school students, we ____________ follow the public rules wherever we go. A. would B. should C. might D. could 11.—Some people don’t show their talents at the very beginning. —I agree. Even Einstein ____________ read until he was seven. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. needn’t 12.—This task is really beyond me. —Well, if you _________ solve it, you won’t get paid. A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 13.We don’t allow taking magazines out, but you ____________ copy the article you need on the machine over there. A. can B. must C. should D. would 14.—Try this soup — you ____________ like it, —Wow! This is delicious! A. must B. will C. shall D. can 15.—May I join the art club, Dad? —If you have interest, you ____________. A. should B. can C. have to D. must 16.—Mum, may I go to see a film with my cousin? —You ____________ go if you have finished your homework. A. must B. need C. should D. can 17.—Lily, ____________ you finish the letter in ten minutes? —Yes, I can. A. must B. should C. need D. can 18.Dirty air and water are harmful. They ____________ kill plants, and even people. A. can B. can’t C. should D. shouldn’t 19.Jerry didn’t pay me back, but he promised that he ____________ this Sunday. A. must B. could C. would D. should 20.—Is that Tom over there? —It ____________ be him. He is on the plane to Chengdu now. A. can’t B. might not C. must 21.You ____________ walk on the wet hill path because you ____________ fall and hurt yourself. A. must； might not B. mustn’t； might C. needn’t； need D. must； must 22.Dirty air and water are harmful. They ____________ kill plants, and even people. A. can B. can’t C. should D. shouldn’t 本模块以“规则和建议”为话题，培养学生对提出建议和注意事项句型的表达能力，包括应该做的和不应该做的事项，比如表示责任、义务、禁止等句型的表达。 素材积累 1．You must be careful of falling stones.你们必须小心跌落的石头。 2．You might fall and hurt yourselves.你们也许会跌倒伤着自己。 3．You mustn't go off on your own.你们一定不要单独离开。 4．Watch out! 当心！ 5．Don't crowd with each other. 不要互相拥挤。 6．You mustn't walk too close to the edge of the hill path because you might fall and hurt yourselves.不许太靠近山路的边缘走，因为你们可能会掉下去并伤着自己。 7．You should always wear proper clothes.你们应该总是穿着合适的衣服。 8．—Can we go rock climbing？我们可以去攀岩吗？—No, you can't.不，你们不可以。 9．I think we should be allowed to do something, not just be told everything.我认为应该允许我们做一些事情，而不是被告知每件事。 10．I hope there could be some little changes to these rules.我希望关于这些规则能有一些小的改变。 11．Share your sadness and happiness with your parents. 和你的父母分享你的悲伤和快乐。 12．Doing that can make you a member of them. 那样做能使你成为他们中的一员。 13．Everyone must obey these rules. 大家都必须遵守这些规则。 例题讲解 醉酒驾车已经成为严重的社会问题，越来越受到人们的关注。请根据下面提示，写一篇80词左右的短文，谈谈你的看法。 现象：许多人不遵守交通规则，仍酒后驾车，对自己和他人的安全不负责任。 后果：因为酒后驾车，给自己、他人和很多家庭带来伤害。 建议：为了自己和他人的安全，呼吁司机不要酒后驾车，呼吁更多严格的规则和制度出台。 提示词：yet 但是；然而 irresponsible不负责任的 高分模板 写作迁移 三年的初中生活让你收获满满。校英语报邀你写一篇短文，给即将升入九年级的学弟学妹或他们的父母提一些建议。请你结合自己的学习经历选择其中一个对象，阐述你的观点。 Advice for students Advice for parents ◆keep healthy ◆join clubs ◆develop your study skills ◆… ▲encourage…more ▲not compare…with ▲allow…to make decisions ▲… 　　注意： 1．短文必须包括你所选择一方的所有要点，并适当发挥； 2．文中不得出现真实的人名和校名； 3．词数：80—100； 4．短文首句仅供参考，不计入总词数。 短文首句：How time flies! Now ________(you/your children) are students of Grade 9. 一 一.根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词 1.I went to the store and bought some 　　　(短袜) at a good price.  2.A 　　　 (直的) line is the shortest between two points. 3.Two small 　　　(石头) flew into my room through the window. 4.Don’t put that glass so near the 　　　(边缘) of the table because it may drop onto the ground. 5.As China becomes stronger, Chinese people will never 　　　 (挨饿) any more.  二.用所给词的适当形式填空 6.I didn't know how to decorate my room with flowers and Mary gave me some 　　　(suggest).  7.You must be 　　　(care) of running cars and buses on streets. 8.The Chinese girl was going to attend a Western wedding party. She wanted to know how to get dressed 　　　 (proper). 9.Mr. Green is a good teacher. He always treats all of his students 　　　 (fair).  10.Don’t worry. They have enough time and energy to finish the project 　　　 (smooth).  三.单项选择 11.Believe in 　　　 and you can make it.  A.myself　　　 B.yourself　　　 C.himself　　　 D.herself 12.Grade 9 students 　　　 make good use of time because it’s limited and precious. A.can　　　 B.may　　　 C.must　　　 D.need 13.You should always stay with the other students. Never 　　　 alone, or you may get lost. A.go off　　　 B.put off C.turn off　　　 D.take off 14.Without a map or GPS, you may 　　　 when you go to a new place and don't want to ask the way.  A.get lost　　　 B.get off C.get together　 D.get ready 15.People should always pick up the rubbish 　　　 they see it.  A.however　　 B.whoever C.whatever　　 D.whenever 四.根据汉语意思完成句子。每空一词 16.你必须当心落石。 You must 　　　 　　　 　　　 falling stones.  17.他们已经出发去淄博了,因为他们想品尝一下当地的烧烤。 They’ve 　　　 　　　 for Zibo because they want to taste local barbecues.   18.西蒙总是熬夜熬到很晚,马医生建议他关注自己的健康。 Simon always stays up late. Doctor Ma advises him to 　　　 　　　 　　　 his health.  19.当我独自在家时,你知道我有多害怕吗? Do you know how scared I was when I was at home 　　　 　　　 　　　 ?   20.你能一口气吹灭所有的蜡烛吗? Can you blow out all the candles 　　　 　　　 　　　?  二 一.根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词 1.And remember, we don’t have a 　　　(枪) to keep us safe!  2.This sofa is very 　　　(软的) and I’d like to take it. 3.Before we went camping, my father put a 　　　(帐篷) into the back of his car.   4.I stood very 　　　(静止的). I didn’t even turn my head.  5.I was surprised and scared when I saw a baby bear running towards the　　　 (树林).   二.根据句意和首字母提示写出所缺的单词 6.In general, there are four kinds of b　　　 groups. They are A, B, AB and O.  7.I’m so tired now. I’m sure I can fall a　　　 very soon if I lie in the bed.  8.Please h　　　 the wet clothes outside, and they will get dry soon.  9.Don’t get c　　　 to the animals, or they may hurt you by accident.   10.I hope that our country will be strong e　　　 to fight against any threat of military force.  三.用所给词的适当形式填空 11.When the storm 　　　(sudden) came, my friends and I were walking home from school. 12.The children were talking and laughing 　　　 (loud). I asked them to keep quiet.  13.The girl 　　　 (fall) into the river because she was too careless and didn’t watch her steps.  14.The room is very 　　　 (noise). Listen! Some children are talking and laughing loudly.  15.They were tired after 　　　 (walk) for a long time. Then they decided to have a rest.  四.单项选择 16.I saw Lily 　　　 when I passed her room. A.dance B.dancing C.to dance 17.Susan 　　　 in her room last night when she heard a loud knock on the door.  A.was reading　 B.has read C.read　　　　 D.will read 18.Don’t drive your car so fast. You should drive it 　　　, or you might have a car accident and get into trouble.  A.slowly B.quickly C.sadly　　　　 D.exactly 19.—How was your camping in the countryside last weekend? —It was great. We 　　　 a tent by the lake and had much fun. A.put up　　　 B.put off C.put on　　　 D.put in 20.Lisa was busy taking notes 　　　 Mark was giving a talk.  A.if　　　　 B.unless C.until 　　　　 D.while 五.根据汉语意思完成句子。每空一词 21.这些志愿者已经把帐篷搭起来了。让我们向他们道谢吧。 These volunteers have 　　　 　　　 the tent already. Let’s say thanks to them.  22.半夜一辆汽车的报警器突然响了起来。 A car alarm suddenly went off 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 the night.  23.我记得我去年在北京见过琳达。 I 　　　 　　　 Linda in Beijing last year.  24.请不要在公共场所制造噪音。 Please don’t 　　　 　　　 in public places.  25.我每次听那首歌,都觉得很感动。 　　　 　　　I listen to the song, I feel very moved.  能力提升 一 During the Tang Dynasty, there lived a man named Zhao Gu. He was so good at writing 1 that many people enjoyed reading them. One day, people who 2 Zhao’s poems got together. They talked about Zhao’s old works happily. But it was such a pity that Zhao didn’t write 3 poems very often. So they discussed how they could get Zhao to write. After a while, a man said, “Zhao will travel to Yuhang in Zhejiang province. He will 4 visit Lingyan Temple because it is very famous.” He continued, “Let’s do something before he 5 .” Finally they came up with a good 6 . There was a wall in the temple for people to write. So they invited a man to write only two lines of poems on the wall. After several days, Zhao went to Lingyan Temple. When he saw the two lines of poem on the temple wall, he could not help adding another two lines to make it a 7 poem with four lines. When Zhao’s fans 8 it, they were excited. The man was not as 9 as Zhao, but the two lines led to Zhao’s wonderful poem. This could be described as“throwing a brick to attract jade（拋砖引玉）”. Now people often express in this way when they give an opinion or a speech. It is a polite and modest（谦逊的）way to show their hope in seeing others offer something 10 . Have you learnt it? 1．A．letters B．stories C．articles D．poems 2．A．doubted B．burned C．liked D．wrote 3．A．great B．new C．funny D．useful 4．A．surely B．correctly C．suddenly D．hardly 5．A．writes B．finishes C．sleeps D．arrives 6．A．survey B．idea C．sign D．present 7．A．strange B．simple C．complete D．modern 8．A．heard about B．waited for C．looked after D．worried about 9．A．beautiful B．polite C．talented D．serious 10．A．bigger B．better C．worse D．smaller 二 If you want to keep your houseplants better, you should water them properly. Here are a few steps you can take to help make watering easier. When you plant something, leave enough room so that you can pour in some water. Importantly, never let your plants sit in water unless they like water. Some people are likely to water every plant too much or just forget them when houseplants are no longer so exciting or new. Some people don’t recognize the differences between their plants. For example, watering a sunflower isn’t the same as a rose. So search for some information to make sure what kind your plants are. You may know top watering. Here’s a different way—bottom watering. Bottom watering is good for many plants whose leaves don’t like to get wet. When you water houseplants from the bottom up, their roots get stronger because they’re always growing directly down toward the moisture (潮湿). Use a long-necked watering can. This will allow you to offer water without wetting the leaves. When you do it correctly, this method is suitable for such kind of houseplants. Do we need to water plants every day? It depends. Remember to water your plants at a fixed time and keep on. Mark the time on your calendar to remind yourself to check if your plant needs watering. And you’d better water in the morning. Watering at night means moisture, which may lead to illness. 1．What does the underlined word “recognize” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Know. B．Advise. C．Prevent. D．Support. 2．How does the writer explain the steps of watering houseplants? A．By listing numbers. B．By telling old stories. C．By offering advice. D．By expressing feelings. 3．The last paragraph is mainly about ________. A．the watering tools B．the time of watering plants C．the watering places D．the results of watering plants 4．How is the passage organized? A． B． C． D． 三 根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空，或在横线上填入一个合适的词，使短文 语义通顺，语法完整。 On winter nights, the wind usually blows strongly. Most of us stay inside our warm homes. Few of us think about the homeless. These people have no ___1___ (choose) but to sleep on the streets. Some of them are so poor that they have no money to buy food. A young man in Birmingham, England, decided to do something meaningful. Every night, he puts ___2___ a Spider-Man suit and gives food to the homeless. The local people call him “Birmingham Spider-Man.” ___3___ young man believes that his action will show others everybody deserves a helping hand, ___4___ (hope) more people may join him. The 24-year-old man started his work in 2015. Every night at nine, he ___5___ (buy) some sandwiches. Then, he finds a street and puts on his “uniform” ___6___ (secret). After that, the “Spider-Man” starts handing his food out to people ___7___ are in need. The man said he wore the Spider-Man suit ___8___ he wanted to draw attention. Without the suit, few people took a second look at him when he was handing out food. When people see the “Spider-Man”, however, they come over and ask what he is doing. “The Birmingham Spider-Man” ___9___ (draw) lots of attention already. Many people offer to raise money for him. But the young man never accepts it. Instead, he encourages people to go out and give a hand by themselves. He said, “If more people offer a helping hand, the cold winter nights will be ___10___ (warm) than ever.” 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Module 4 Rules and suggestions set off [ˈsetɒf] 动身;出发 sock [sɒk] n.短袜 whenever [hwen'evə] conj.每当;无论什么时候 proper [ˈprɒpə] adj.合适的;恰当的 edge [edʒ] n.边，边缘 yourself [jʊə'self] pron.你自己 go off [gəʊ//ˈɒf] 离开 starve [stɑːv] v.挨饿;饿死 go [gəʊ] n.尝试;努力 in one go 一口气;一下子 rock [rɒk] n.岩;岩石 rock climbing 攀岩 stone [stəʊn] n.石头 fairly [ˈfeəli] adv.相当;还算 smooth [ˈsməʊkɪŋ] adj.无困难的;顺利的;光滑的;平坦的 straight [streɪt] adj.直的;笔直的 tent [tent] n.帐蓬 fall [fɔːl] v.变成，进入(某种状态) fall asleep 入睡;睡着 hang (hung,hung) v.悬挂;吊 sudden [ˈsʌd(ə)n] adj.突然的;急剧的 gun [ɡʌn] n.枪 soft [ /sɒft ] adj.软的;柔软的 still [stɪl] adj.静止的;不动的 wood [wʊd] n.(小)树木;林地 blood [blʌd] n.血;血液 考点1.leaving leave 〔v〕离开 过去式left 过去分词 left leave sb alone 让某人一个人待着 leave sp 离开某地 leave for sp 去某地，出发前往 考点2.suggest suggest 〔v〕 建议 suggest doing sth 建议做某事 suggest + 从句 （sb should do sth , should 可以省略） suggestion 〔cn〕 建议 【拓展】 advise 〔v〕 advice 〔不可数名词un〕 advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 advise sb not to do sth建议某人不做某事 考点3.pay attention 注意 pay attention to sth/ doing sth 注意某事/ 作某事 考点4.set off set off set --- set--- set ①动身；出发(=set out =start off ) ②使爆炸；引起 set off for +表示地点的名词(词组) 动身去某地= leave for set up 建立 a set of 一串，一组 set aside 留出， 省出 set down 记下，写下 set out 出发 set off 动身，出发 set about 着手 They __set about______ doing their homework.他们开始做他们的作业了。 考点5.a few 几个，少许 few：用于可数名词，否定用法。 I have few friends. 我没有朋友 a few：用于可数名词，肯定用法。 I have a few friends. 我有几个朋友。 little：用于不可数名词，否定用法。 There is little water in the bottle. 瓶子里没有水 a little：用于不可数名词，肯定用法。 There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一点水 考点6.whenever 连词，意为“每当；无论什么时候” 相当于no matter when。 Whenever you come, you’ ll be welcome. 【拓展】whatever无论什么 wherever 无论何地 however 无论如何;不管怎样 whoever 无论谁 考点7.yourselves反身代词 意为“你们自己”，是yourself的复数形式，在句中作hurt的宾语。 【拓展】oneself 反身代词 我自己 你自己 他自己 她自己 它自己 我们自己 你们自己 他们自己 myself yourselves himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 由oneself构成的短语： help yourself 请随便吃 teach oneself 自学 learn by oneself 自学 come to oneself 苏醒过来 enjoy oneself 玩的开心过的愉快 = have fun= have a good time 考点8.have to 和must 必须 have to : 侧重客观上“不得不”， 有人称、数和时态的变化， don’t have to 不必做某事 must : 侧重主观上“必须”， 没有人称、数和时态的变化， mustn’t do sth 禁止作某事 考点9.need need sth / sb 需要某人某物 need to do sth 需要被做某事 don’t need to do sth 不必做某事 need doing = need to be done 需要被 考点10.be careful be careful with...小心.... be careful of 注意…… ；留心…… be careful for 关注 be careful about 讲究；小心，当心 careless 〔adj〕 粗心的 carelessness 〔n〕 粗心 考点11. lead 领导，带领〔v〕 过去式led-- led lead 〔n〕 领先 take the lead 领先 leader 〔n〕领导 考点12.时间介词 at, in, on at 〔prep〕 prep.在……期间 at Christmas 在圣诞节期间 at +时间点 在几点钟 at night/noon 在晚上/在正午 at the age of .. 在……岁的时候 on +具体日期、节日、具体某天的早中晚 on Monday morning 在周一的早上 on Dragon Boat Festival 在端午节当天 in +①年代、年份、季节、月份等 在2050年 in 2050 在8月 in August ②短语 the morning/afternoon/evening e.g.老年人们习惯早上早起。 Old people are used to getting up early in the morning. 考点13.fall asleep. fall asleep 入睡 fall--- fell--- fallen fall ill 生病 fall silent 变得安静 【拓展】be asleep “睡着的”表示一种状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。 go to sleep意为“睡着；入睡”，表示从清醒到渐渐睡着这一过程，强调进入睡眠状态。 go to bed表示“上床睡觉”，强调上床睡觉这个动作，无“睡着”之意，它的对应词组是get up“起床”。 fall asleep “入睡；睡着”。表示动作，侧重于“自然而然地入睡”，有时指无意之中或在不适当的场合睡着。 考点14.hang (1)悬挂；吊， 过去式和过去分词均为hung。 (2)绞死，过去式和过去分词均为hanged。 I hung the washing on the clothing line.我把洗好的衣服挂在晾衣绳上。 At last, the bad man was hanged. 最后，这个坏男人被绞死了。 【拓展】与hang相关的常见短语： hang out 闲逛；常去某处 hang on 不挂断（电话） hang up 挂断（电话） 考点15.put 短语 put up 挂起；张贴; 举起 put away 整理，放在一边 put up with 提出，想出 put out 熄灭 put off 推迟 put down 放下 put on 穿上，增重 考点16.up 短语 put up 挂起；张贴; 举起 get up 起来 grow up 长大，成长 give up放弃 pick up 捡起，接送，采摘 take up 占用，从事 make up 编造，化妆，弥补 look up 查阅 tidy up 整理干净 clean up 打扫干净 cut up 切碎 考点17.make 用法 make yourself comfortable 请随意，不用拘束 make sb.+adj. 使人……的 make it + adj + to do sth 使做某事...样 it 作形式宾语 make up 编造,化妆，弥补 make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决心做某事 make sb do sth让某人做某事 make sb not do sth 让某人不要做某事. make noise 发出噪音 noisy 〔adj〕 吵闹的 noise 〔n〕噪音 noisily 〔adv〕 吵闹地 考点18.see 用法 see -- saw-- seen sit--- sitting see sb do doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 see sb do sth 看见某人常做某事/ 做过某事 类似用法 ：see, notice, watch, hear 【拓展】 see被动语态 see sb do sth 的被动语态形式be seen to do see sb doing sth 的被动语态形式be seen doing 考点19.look 相关短语 look for 寻找 look out 小心 look after 照顾 look forward to 期盼 look into 调查 look over 仔细检查 look up 查阅 look through 浏览 look down 向下看，轻视 look like 像 考点20.remember 〔v〕 记住 remembered-- remembered 反义词 forget 〔v〕 忘记 forget--- forgot--- forgotten remember doing sth 记得做过的事情 remember to do sth 记得去做某事 考点21.表示到达某地 arrive, reach, get to arrive 不及物动词 arrive in +地点名词（大） arrive at+地点名词（小） arrive + 地点副词 reach 及物动词，直接加表示地点的名词 get to 及物动词短语， 加表示地点的名词短语。如果接地点副词，省略to get home , get there, get here 考点22.辨析：except,besides与but except强调“从整体中除去except后的内容",常与all,always,除了………外 besides除……外，还有包括besides后的内容 but 除…之外.常与nothing,no,nobody连 All the students are studying at school except Tom,who is ill at home.除汤姆生病在家外,所有的学生都在校学习。 I like maths besides English.除英语之外,我还喜欢数学。 She had nothing but two pieces of bread this morning 今天早上她只吃了两片面包。 情态动词 情态动词的用法 分类图解 情态 动词 意义及用法 例句 may 表示“请求许可”，意思是“可以，可能”，其一般疑问句的否定回答为mustn’t。 —May I go out and play football? —No,you mustn’t.　 表推测，意思是“可能”。 Mr.Li may be at home. can (could) 表示“能力”，意思是“能，会”，否定形式为can’t,couldn’t。 Mike can speak a little Chinese. I could ride the bike when I was 6 years old. 用在疑问句中，表示“征求意见”，could比can的语气更委婉、客气。 Could you tell me something about your school? 表推测，常用在否定句和疑问句中。 He can’t be at home. He has gone to Japan. can用于一般现在时及一般过去时两种时态，be able to可以用于各种时态。 He can spell these words. He has been able to draw pictures already. must 表示义务、命令或要求，意思是“必须，应该”，否定形式为mustn’t，意思是“不应该，不允许”，表示警告。 You must be careful next time. You mustn’t take photos here. 表示推测，意为“必定”。 He must be in the room. 表示说话人的主观看法。 I must go home now. must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答时用must，have to；否定回答时用needn’t或don’t have to。 —Must I finish the homework today? —No,you needn’t/you don’t have to. need　 表示“需要”，多用于否定句。 He needn’t worry about it. 作实义动词，后接动词不定式。 I’m very tired and I need to have a rest. ought to / dare / should用法小结 1.—Mum, it’s too hot. ____________ I swim in the lake? —No, you ___________. That’s too dangerous! A. Should; can’t B. Need; mustn’t C. Must; needn’t D. Could; mustn’t 2.—May I take the magazine out of the reading room? —No, you ____________. Please read it here A. mustn’t B. wouldn’t C. needn’t 3.—Whose cap is this? Is it Cindy’s? —It ____________ be hers. Don’t you remember she even didn’t come to the party? A. can’t B. might C. may not D. must 4.—Will you stay here for dinner with us? —Sorry, I ____________. My mother is waiting for me at home. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. couldn’t 5.The magazine ____________ Lucy’s. We can see her name on the cover. A. mustn’t be B. can’t be C. must be D. needn’t be 6.—Where is Monica? I can’t find her anywhere. —She ____________ be in the library. She loves reading books when she is free. A. must B. need C. can’t 7.According to the notice, guests at this hotel ____________ use the sports center at no extra cost. A. can B. should C. must D. need 8.Ants are pretty small. You might think that they ____________ be rather weak. But what you might not know is that ants are actually very strong for their size. A. need B. can’t C. must 9.—Mum, may I play computer games this evening? —No way, you ____________ finish your homework. A. can B. must C. may D. will 10.As middle school students, we ____________ follow the public rules wherever we go. A. would B. should C. might D. could 11.—Some people don’t show their talents at the very beginning. —I agree. Even Einstein ____________ read until he was seven. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. needn’t 12.—This task is really beyond me. —Well, if you _________ solve it, you won’t get paid. A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 13.We don’t allow taking magazines out, but you ____________ copy the article you need on the machine over there. A. can B. must C. should D. would 14.—Try this soup — you ____________ like it, —Wow! This is delicious! A. must B. will C. shall D. can 15.—May I join the art club, Dad? —If you have interest, you ____________. A. should B. can C. have to D. must 16.—Mum, may I go to see a film with my cousin? —You ____________ go if you have finished your homework. A. must B. need C. should D. can 17.—Lily, ____________ you finish the letter in ten minutes? —Yes, I can. A. must B. should C. need D. can 18.Dirty air and water are harmful. They ____________ kill plants, and even people. A. can B. can’t C. should D. shouldn’t 19.Jerry didn’t pay me back, but he promised that he ____________ this Sunday. A. must B. could C. would D. should 20.—Is that Tom over there? —It ____________ be him. He is on the plane to Chengdu now. A. can’t B. might not C. must 21.You ____________ walk on the wet hill path because you ____________ fall and hurt yourself. A. must； might not B. mustn’t； might C. needn’t； need D. must； must 22.Dirty air and water are harmful. They ____________ kill plants, and even people. A. can B. can’t C. should D. shouldn’t 1. D【解析】句意：——妈妈，太热了。我能在湖里游泳吗？——不，你不能，那太危险了。考查情态动词辨析。第一个空，根据Mum, it’s too hot. ____ I swim in the lake?可知句意为＂妈妈，太热了。我能在湖里游泳吗？＂表示征询意见，委婉的请求，用could；第二个空，根据前面的No，以及后面的That’s too dangerous!可知应是＂不可以＂，表示禁止用mustn’t，故选D。 2. A【解析】句意：——我可以把杂志从阅览室里拿出来吗？——不，你禁止。请在这儿读它。A. mustn’t禁止；B. wouldn’t不会；C. needn’t不必。对于May开头的一般疑问句，做否定回答要用must+not。根据题意，故选A。 3. A【解析】句意：——这是谁的帽子？是辛迪的吗？——一定不是她的，你不记得了吗？她甚至都没来参加派对。A.一定不是（表示否定推测）；B.可能；C.可能不；D.一定（表示肯定推测）。根据she even didn’t come to the party可知，她甚至都没来参加派对，所以帽子一定不是她的，故选A。 4. B【解析】句意：——你愿意留下来和我们一起吃晚饭吗？——对不起，我不能。我的母亲正在家里等我。A. mustn’t禁止；B. can’t不能；C. needn’t不必；D. couldn’t不能。根据上文Will you stay here for dinner with us?及Sorry可知这里是说不能，用Sorry, I can’t对不起，我不能。根据题意，故选B。 5. C【解析】句意：杂志一定是露西的。我们可以在封面上看到她的名字。A. mustn’t be一定不是；B. can’t be不可能是；C. must be一定是；D. needn’t be不必是。本题考查肯定的推测。根据We can see her name on the cover. 我们可以在封面上看到她的名字。可知，杂志一定是露西的。因此选择must be一定是；表示肯定的推测。故选C。 6. A【解析】句意：——莫妮卡在什么地方？我在任何地方都找不到她。——她一定在图书馆里。当空闲的时候，她就喜欢读书。A.一定（表示肯定推测）；B.需要；C.一定不，不能（表示否定推测）。根据She loves reading books when she is free＂她有空时喜欢读书＂可知，她一定在图书馆，表示肯定推测，故选A。 7. A【解析】句意：根据通知，在这个宾馆的顾客可以不用额外地出钱就能使用体育中心。A.能，可以；B.应该；C.必须；D.需要。根据句意可知，表示＂能使用体育中心、可以使用体育中心＂，故选A。 8. C【解析】句意：蚂蚁很小，你可能认为它们一定很软弱，但你可能不知道的是，蚂蚁的体型其实非常强壮。need意思是需要；can’t表示否定推测；must表示肯定推测；根据句意，表示＂他们肯定很虚弱＂，所以是肯定推测，故选C。 9. B【解析】句意：——妈妈，今天晚上我可以玩电脑游戏吗？——不行，你必须完成你的作业。A. can能，会；B. must必须；C. may可以；D. will会。根据上文Mum, may I play computer games this evening?及回答No way可知下文用must必须。根据题意，故选B。 10. B【解析】句意：作为中学生，无论去哪里，我们都应该遵守公共规则。A. would将会；B. should应该；C. might可能；D. could可以。should 作为情态动词，通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务，译作＂应该＂、＂应当＂。故答案为B。 11. C【解析】句意：——有些人在一开始并没有展示他们的才能。——我同意。爱因斯坦甚至直到七岁才识字。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能，表示没有能力，couldn’t是其过去式；mustn’t不能，表禁止；needn’t不需要，指没有必要。根据Some people don’t show their talents at the very beginning.可知七岁前几乎没有能力读书，根据until he was seven可知用一般过去时，故选C。 12. A【解析】句意：——这项任务的确超出了我的能力。——好吧，如果你解决不了，你就得不到报酬。A. can’t不能；B. needn’t不需要；C. mustn’t一定不要，表示禁止；D. shouldn’t不应该。根据you won’t get paid. 你就得不到报酬。可知，前文是说：如果你解决不了的话，就得不到报酬。因此选择can’t不能；故选A。 13. A【解析】句意：我们不允许带杂志出去，但是你可以在那边的机器上复印你需要的文章。考查情态动词辨析。A. can可以、能够；B. must必须，一定；C. should应该；D. would将会。根据语境：我们不允许带杂志出去，但是你_____在那边的机器上复印你需要的文章。结合选项可知can符合题意，故选A。 14. B【解析】句意：——尝一下这个汤，你会喜欢上它。——哇！真美味。A. 一定，必须；B. 将要，会；C. 应该；D. 能。根据句意可知，第一个人让第二个人尝一下，第二个人尝完就会喜欢上这个汤，故选B。 15. B【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——爸爸，我可以参加艺术俱乐部吗？——如果你有兴趣，你可以。should应该，表建议；can可以/能，表许可或能力；have to必须，强调客观需要；must必须，强调主观意愿。问句may表示请求许可，根据句意语境，可知选B。 16. D【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——妈妈，我可以和我表妹去看电影吗？——你可以去如果完成了你的家庭作业。must必须，强调主观意愿；need需要，指有必要；should应该，表建议；can可以，表许可。本句是条件状语从句，主句表示允许，根据if you have finished your homework.可知选D。 17. D【解析】句意：——Lily，你可以在十分钟之后完成这封信吗？——是的，我能。must必须；should应该；need需要；can能，可以。根据下面的回答Yes, I can可知，一般疑问句也应用can，故选D。 18. A【解析】此处指肮脏的空气和水能够杀死植物甚至人。can意为＂能＂。 19. C【解析】情态动词。句意：杰里没有还我钱，但他答应这个星期天给我。根据句意及语境，用will合适。另外，but后的句子为宾语从句，主句为一般过去时，从句用过去的某种时态，故用will的过去式would，故选 C。 20. A【解析】句意：——在那边的是汤姆吗？——不可能是他。他现在正在飞往成都的飞机上。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不可能，表推测；might可能，也表推测，但might not表示＂可能不＂；must一定，表肯定推测。根据下文He is on the plane to Chengdu now.可知can’t符合语境，故选A。 21. B【解析】考查情态动词。句意：禁止在湿湿的山路上走，因为你可能会摔跤且伤到你自己。第一空需要填入一个情态动词，表示"禁止"，用mustn’t；第二空需要填入一个情态动词，表示"可能"，用might。故选B。 22. A【解析】此处指肮脏的空气和水能够杀死植物甚至人。can意为＂能＂。 本模块以“规则和建议”为话题，培养学生对提出建议和注意事项句型的表达能力，包括应该做的和不应该做的事项，比如表示责任、义务、禁止等句型的表达。 素材积累 1．You must be careful of falling stones.你们必须小心跌落的石头。 2．You might fall and hurt yourselves.你们也许会跌倒伤着自己。 3．You mustn't go off on your own.你们一定不要单独离开。 4．Watch out! 当心！ 5．Don't crowd with each other. 不要互相拥挤。 6．You mustn't walk too close to the edge of the hill path because you might fall and hurt yourselves.不许太靠近山路的边缘走，因为你们可能会掉下去并伤着自己。 7．You should always wear proper clothes.你们应该总是穿着合适的衣服。 8．—Can we go rock climbing？我们可以去攀岩吗？—No, you can't.不，你们不可以。 9．I think we should be allowed to do something, not just be told everything.我认为应该允许我们做一些事情，而不是被告知每件事。 10．I hope there could be some little changes to these rules.我希望关于这些规则能有一些小的改变。 11．Share your sadness and happiness with your parents. 和你的父母分享你的悲伤和快乐。 12．Doing that can make you a member of them. 那样做能使你成为他们中的一员。 13．Everyone must obey these rules. 大家都必须遵守这些规则。 例题讲解 醉酒驾车已经成为严重的社会问题，越来越受到人们的关注。请根据下面提示，写一篇80词左右的短文，谈谈你的看法。 现象：许多人不遵守交通规则，仍酒后驾车，对自己和他人的安全不负责任。 后果：因为酒后驾车，给自己、他人和很多家庭带来伤害。 建议：为了自己和他人的安全，呼吁司机不要酒后驾车，呼吁更多严格的规则和制度出台。 提示词：yet 但是；然而 irresponsible不负责任的 高分模板 ①Everyone should obey the traffic rules. Yet there are still many people ②who drive after drinking. It's irresponsible not only for the drivers themselves but also for others. Many drivers drive very fast in the street or even in the crowded traffic while they are drunk. Drunk drivers cause a lot of accidents. ③Thousands of people are killed and many more are injured every year. It has done great damage to quite a few families. ④In order to keep the public safe, we should avoid drunk driving. We must obey the traffic rules. If you drink, you mustn't drive by yourself. You'd better take a taxi or ask others for help. ⑤The government is supposed to make more serious rules and laws as soon as possible. 写作迁移 三年的初中生活让你收获满满。校英语报邀你写一篇短文，给即将升入九年级的学弟学妹或他们的父母提一些建议。请你结合自己的学习经历选择其中一个对象，阐述你的观点。 Advice for students Advice for parents ◆keep healthy ◆join clubs ◆develop your study skills ◆… ▲encourage…more ▲not compare…with ▲allow…to make decisions ▲… 　　注意： 1．短文必须包括你所选择一方的所有要点，并适当发挥； 2．文中不得出现真实的人名和校名； 3．词数：80—100； 4．短文首句仅供参考，不计入总词数。 短文首句：How time flies! Now ________(you/your children) are students of Grade 9. How time flies! Now you are students of Grade 9. Here I'd like to tell you something that will make your school life more comfortable and wonderful. First of all, it is important for you to keep healthy, so don't forget to exercise every day. Second, you'd better join clubs so that you can learn better and make more friends. Third, you will be able to make great progress if you develop your study skills. Besides, there are many ways for you to lower your stress, such as listening to music, hanging out with friends, and watching movies. I hope you will enjoy your school life and achieve your dreams. 一 一.根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词 1.I went to the store and bought some 　　　(短袜) at a good price.  2.A 　　　 (直的) line is the shortest between two points. 3.Two small 　　　(石头) flew into my room through the window. 4.Don’t put that glass so near the 　　　(边缘) of the table because it may drop onto the ground. 5.As China becomes stronger, Chinese people will never 　　　 (挨饿) any more.  1.socks　2.straight　3.stones　4.edge　5.starve 二.用所给词的适当形式填空 6.I didn't know how to decorate my room with flowers and Mary gave me some 　　　(suggest).  7.You must be 　　　(care) of running cars and buses on streets. 8.The Chinese girl was going to attend a Western wedding party. She wanted to know how to get dressed 　　　 (proper). 9.Mr. Green is a good teacher. He always treats all of his students 　　　 (fair).  10.Don’t worry. They have enough time and energy to finish the project 　　　 (smooth).  6.suggestions　7.careful　8.properly　9.fairly10.smoothly 三.单项选择 11.Believe in 　　　 and you can make it.  A.myself　　　 B.yourself　　　 C.himself　　　 D.herself 12.Grade 9 students 　　　 make good use of time because it’s limited and precious. A.can　　　 B.may　　　 C.must　　　 D.need 13.You should always stay with the other students. Never 　　　 alone, or you may get lost. A.go off　　　 B.put off C.turn off　　　 D.take off 14.Without a map or GPS, you may 　　　 when you go to a new place and don't want to ask the way.  A.get lost　　　 B.get off C.get together　 D.get ready 15.People should always pick up the rubbish 　　　 they see it.  A.however　　 B.whoever C.whatever　　 D.whenever 11.B　根据题干中的“你可以做到的”可推断,要相信“你自己”,yourself符合题意。 12.C　九年级的学生“必须”好好利用时间,因为它有限又宝贵,must符合题意。 13.A　根据本题语境可知,你应该一直和其他学生待在一起,永远不要单独“走开”,go off符合题意。 14.A　根据题干中的“没有地图,也没有GPS”可知,当你去一个新地方又不想问路时,你可能会“迷路”,get lost符合题意。 15.D　根据本题语境可知,人们无论什么时候看到垃圾,都应该捡起来,whenever符合题意。 四.根据汉语意思完成句子。每空一词 16.你必须当心落石。 You must 　　　 　　　 　　　 falling stones.  17.他们已经出发去淄博了,因为他们想品尝一下当地的烧烤。 They’ve 　　　 　　　 for Zibo because they want to taste local barbecues.   18.西蒙总是熬夜熬到很晚,马医生建议他关注自己的健康。 Simon always stays up late. Doctor Ma advises him to 　　　 　　　 　　　 his health.  19.当我独自在家时,你知道我有多害怕吗? Do you know how scared I was when I was at home 　　　 　　　 　　　 ?   20.你能一口气吹灭所有的蜡烛吗? Can you blow out all the candles 　　　 　　　 　　　?  16.be careful of　17.set off/out　18.pay attention to19.on my own　20.in one go 二 一.根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词 1.And remember, we don’t have a 　　　(枪) to keep us safe!  2.This sofa is very 　　　(软的) and I’d like to take it. 3.Before we went camping, my father put a 　　　(帐篷) into the back of his car.   4.I stood very 　　　(静止的). I didn’t even turn my head.  5.I was surprised and scared when I saw a baby bear running towards the　　　 (树林).   1.gun　2.soft　3.tent　4.still　5.woods 二.根据句意和首字母提示写出所缺的单词 6.In general, there are four kinds of b　　　 groups. They are A, B, AB and O.  7.I’m so tired now. I’m sure I can fall a　　　 very soon if I lie in the bed.  8.Please h　　　 the wet clothes outside, and they will get dry soon.  9.Don’t get c　　　 to the animals, or they may hurt you by accident.   10.I hope that our country will be strong e　　　 to fight against any threat of military force.  6.blood　7.asleep　8.hang　9.close　10.enough 三.用所给词的适当形式填空 11.When the storm 　　　(sudden) came, my friends and I were walking home from school. 12.The children were talking and laughing 　　　 (loud). I asked them to keep quiet.  13.The girl 　　　 (fall) into the river because she was too careless and didn’t watch her steps.  14.The room is very 　　　 (noise). Listen! Some children are talking and laughing loudly.  15.They were tired after 　　　 (walk) for a long time. Then they decided to have a rest.  11.suddenly　12.loudly　13.fell　14.noisy15.walking 四.单项选择 16.I saw Lily 　　　 when I passed her room. A.dance B.dancing C.to dance 17.Susan 　　　 in her room last night when she heard a loud knock on the door.  A.was reading　 B.has read C.read　　　　 D.will read 18.Don’t drive your car so fast. You should drive it 　　　, or you might have a car accident and get into trouble.  A.slowly B.quickly C.sadly　　　　 D.exactly 19.—How was your camping in the countryside last weekend? —It was great. We 　　　 a tent by the lake and had much fun. A.put up　　　 B.put off C.put on　　　 D.put in 20.Lisa was busy taking notes 　　　 Mark was giving a talk.  A.if　　　　 B.unless C.until 　　　　 D.while 16.B　根据本题语境可知,我路过她的房间时看到她正在跳舞,see sb. doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“看到某人正在做某事”,故答案为B。 17.A　根据本题语境可知,听到敲门声的时候,她正在房间里看书,主句的时态是过去进行时,was reading符合题意。 18.A　根据本题语境可知,你应该慢慢开车,slowly符合题意。 19.A　四个选项的含义分别是:put up搭起,建造,举起;put off推迟;put on穿上,表演;put in投入。根据本题语境可知,我们在湖边搭起了帐篷,put up符合题意。 20.D　根据本题语境可知,马克正在作报告的时候,莉萨正忙着记笔记。表示“当……时候;在……期间”要用连词while。 五.根据汉语意思完成句子。每空一词 21.这些志愿者已经把帐篷搭起来了。让我们向他们道谢吧。 These volunteers have 　　　 　　　 the tent already. Let’s say thanks to them.  22.半夜一辆汽车的报警器突然响了起来。 A car alarm suddenly went off 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 the night.  23.我记得我去年在北京见过琳达。 I 　　　 　　　 Linda in Beijing last year.  24.请不要在公共场所制造噪音。 Please don’t 　　　 　　　 in public places.  25.我每次听那首歌,都觉得很感动。 　　　 　　　I listen to the song, I feel very moved.  21.put up　22.in the middle of　23.remember meeting24.make noise　25.Every/Each time 能力提升 一 During the Tang Dynasty, there lived a man named Zhao Gu. He was so good at writing 1 that many people enjoyed reading them. One day, people who 2 Zhao’s poems got together. They talked about Zhao’s old works happily. But it was such a pity that Zhao didn’t write 3 poems very often. So they discussed how they could get Zhao to write. After a while, a man said, “Zhao will travel to Yuhang in Zhejiang province. He will 4 visit Lingyan Temple because it is very famous.” He continued, “Let’s do something before he 5 .” Finally they came up with a good 6 . There was a wall in the temple for people to write. So they invited a man to write only two lines of poems on the wall. After several days, Zhao went to Lingyan Temple. When he saw the two lines of poem on the temple wall, he could not help adding another two lines to make it a 7 poem with four lines. When Zhao’s fans 8 it, they were excited. The man was not as 9 as Zhao, but the two lines led to Zhao’s wonderful poem. This could be described as“throwing a brick to attract jade（拋砖引玉）”. Now people often express in this way when they give an opinion or a speech. It is a polite and modest（谦逊的）way to show their hope in seeing others offer something 10 . Have you learnt it? 1．A．letters B．stories C．articles D．poems 2．A．doubted B．burned C．liked D．wrote 3．A．great B．new C．funny D．useful 4．A．surely B．correctly C．suddenly D．hardly 5．A．writes B．finishes C．sleeps D．arrives 6．A．survey B．idea C．sign D．present 7．A．strange B．simple C．complete D．modern 8．A．heard about B．waited for C．looked after D．worried about 9．A．beautiful B．polite C．talented D．serious 10．A．bigger B．better C．worse D．smaller 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文介绍人们想让著名的诗人赵谷写新诗，所以写了两行等着他补全，引出了现在人们所说的抛砖引玉的说法。 1．句意：他是如此擅长写诗以至于许多人喜欢读他们。 letters信；stories故事；articles文章；poems古诗。根据后文“Zhao’s poems”可知，他擅长写诗。故选D。 2．句意：一天，喜欢赵的古诗的人们聚在一起。 doubted怀疑；burned燃烧；liked喜欢；wrote写。根据后文“They talked about Zhao’s old works happily.”可知，他们他们开心地谈论，所以是喜欢他的诗。故选C。 3．句意：但是很遗憾，赵不能经常写诗。 great很棒的；new新的；funny滑稽的；useful有用的。根据“So they discussed how they could get Zhao to write.”可知他们在讨论如何让赵写诗，所以推知赵不能经常写新的诗。故选B。 4．句意：他一定会去参观灵岩寺因为它很著名。 surely必定；correctly正确地；suddenly突然；hardly几乎不。根据后文“because it is very famous”可知，由于很出名，所以必定会去。故选A。 5．句意：在他到达前让我们做些事。 writes写；finishes完成；sleeps睡；arrives到达。根据“Zhao will travel to Yuhang in Zhejiang province”可知，他将来，所以是在到达前。故选D。 6．句意：最终，他们想到了一个好主意。 survey调查；idea主意；sign标志；present礼物。根据后文“There was a wall in the temple for people to write. So they invited a man to write only two lines of poems on the wall.”可知，这是他们想出的主意。故选B。 7．句意：当他看见寺庙上的两行诗，他情不自禁添了另两行使得它成为一个四行的完整的诗。 strange奇怪的；simple简单的；complete全的；modern现代的。根据常识可知，一首诗通常是四行，所以是完整的古诗。故选C。 8．句意：当赵的粉丝听到关于这个，他们很兴奋。 heard about听说；waited for等待；looked after照顾；worried about担心。根据横线后it代指前文他补充了这首诗这件事，所以是听说了这件事。故选A。 9．句意：那个男子不如赵有才，但是这两行引出了赵的精彩的诗。 beautiful漂亮；polite有礼貌；talented有天赋的；serious严重的。根据后文“but the two lines led to Zhao’s wonderful poem”但是表示转折，引出了精彩的诗，所以前文是那个男子不如赵有才。故选C。 10．句意：这是一种礼貌和谦虚的方式来表明他们希望看到别人提供一些更好的东西。 bigger更大；better更好；worse更差；smaller更小。根据“It is a polite and modest（谦逊的）way”可知，是一种谦逊的方式引出好的东西，犹如是抛砖引玉，所以是better。故选B。 二 If you want to keep your houseplants better, you should water them properly. Here are a few steps you can take to help make watering easier. When you plant something, leave enough room so that you can pour in some water. Importantly, never let your plants sit in water unless they like water. Some people are likely to water every plant too much or just forget them when houseplants are no longer so exciting or new. Some people don’t recognize the differences between their plants. For example, watering a sunflower isn’t the same as a rose. So search for some information to make sure what kind your plants are. You may know top watering. Here’s a different way—bottom watering. Bottom watering is good for many plants whose leaves don’t like to get wet. When you water houseplants from the bottom up, their roots get stronger because they’re always growing directly down toward the moisture (潮湿). Use a long-necked watering can. This will allow you to offer water without wetting the leaves. When you do it correctly, this method is suitable for such kind of houseplants. Do we need to water plants every day? It depends. Remember to water your plants at a fixed time and keep on. Mark the time on your calendar to remind yourself to check if your plant needs watering. And you’d better water in the morning. Watering at night means moisture, which may lead to illness. 1．What does the underlined word “recognize” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Know. B．Advise. C．Prevent. D．Support. 2．How does the writer explain the steps of watering houseplants? A．By listing numbers. B．By telling old stories. C．By offering advice. D．By expressing feelings. 3．The last paragraph is mainly about ________. A．the watering tools B．the time of watering plants C．the watering places D．the results of watering plants 4．How is the passage organized? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了如何给家庭植物浇水的一些方法。 1．词句猜测题。根据“Some people don’t recognize the differences between their plants. For example, watering a sunflower isn’t the same as a rose.”可猜知，此处指不知道或不了解植物之间的不同，recognize与know同义。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Here are a few steps you can take to help make watering easier.”及第二、三、四段可知，作者是通过提建议来解释给室内植物浇水的步骤的。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据“Do we need to water plants every day? It depends.”及细读最后一段可知，最后一段主要介绍了给植物浇水的时间。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。根据通读全文可知，第一段引出主题如何给室内植物浇水；第二、三、四段具体的介绍了浇水的方法。故选B。 三 根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空，或在横线上填入一个合适的词，使短文 语义通顺，语法完整。 On winter nights, the wind usually blows strongly. Most of us stay inside our warm homes. Few of us think about the homeless. These people have no ___1___ (choose) but to sleep on the streets. Some of them are so poor that they have no money to buy food. A young man in Birmingham, England, decided to do something meaningful. Every night, he puts ___2___ a Spider-Man suit and gives food to the homeless. The local people call him “Birmingham Spider-Man.” ___3___ young man believes that his action will show others everybody deserves a helping hand, ___4___ (hope) more people may join him. The 24-year-old man started his work in 2015. Every night at nine, he ___5___ (buy) some sandwiches. Then, he finds a street and puts on his “uniform” ___6___ (secret). After that, the “Spider-Man” starts handing his food out to people ___7___ are in need. The man said he wore the Spider-Man suit ___8___ he wanted to draw attention. Without the suit, few people took a second look at him when he was handing out food. When people see the “Spider-Man”, however, they come over and ask what he is doing. “The Birmingham Spider-Man” ___9___ (draw) lots of attention already. Many people offer to raise money for him. But the young man never accepts it. Instead, he encourages people to go out and give a hand by themselves. He said, “If more people offer a helping hand, the cold winter nights will be ___10___ (warm) than ever.” 【答案】1. choice 2. on 3. The 4. hoping 5. buys 6. secretly 7. who##that 8. because##since##as 9. has drawn 10. warmer 【解析】本文主要介绍了一位年轻人乐于助人的故事。 1.句意：这些人别无选择，只能露宿街头。have no choice but to do sth.“别无选择只能做某事”，故填choice。 2.句意：每天晚上，他都会穿上蜘蛛侠套装，给无家可归的人送食物。put on“穿上”，故填on。 3.句意：这个年轻人相信他的行为将向其他人展示每个人都应该得到帮助，希望更多的人能加入他的行列。此处特指上文提到的那个年轻人，所以用the，故填The。 4.句意：这个年轻人相信他的行为将向其他人展示每个人都应该得到帮助，希望更多的人能加入他的行列。结合语境可知空处要用非谓语动词，因the young man与hope之间是主动关系，要用现在分词，故填hoping。 5.句意：每天晚上九点，他都会买一些三明治。根据“Every night at nine”可知，句子要用一般现在时；主语he是第三人称，谓语动词用三单，故填buys。 6.句意：然后，他找到了一条街，偷偷地穿上了他的“制服”。结合语境可知空处填副词，修饰谓语动词，故填secretly。 7.句意：之后，“蜘蛛侠”开始把食物分发给有需要的人。结合语境可知此处考查定语从句，先行词是people且从句缺主语，所以关系词用who/that，故填who/that。 8.句意：这名男子说，他穿蜘蛛侠套装是因为他想引起人们的注意。结合语境可知前后两句是因果关系，because/since/as“因为”，故填because/since/as。 9.句意：“The Birmingham 蜘蛛侠”已经吸引了很多人的注意。根据already可知句子要用现在完成时，且主语是第三人称，所以填has drawn，故填has drawn。 10.句意：他说：“如果有更多的人伸出援手，寒冷的冬夜将比以往任何时候都温暖。”根据than可知，空处用形容词比较级，故填warmer。 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$