第12讲 主谓一致（练习）-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习讲练测（全国通用）

第12讲 主谓一致（练习） （模拟精练+真题演练） 一、用所给单词适当形式填空 1．Neither she nor I (be) from Canada. We are from the USA． 2．There (be) no milk in the fridge. 3．Not only my parents but also I (be) going to stay at home this weekend. 4．I know neither the twin sisters nor Jim (play) such exciting games before. 5．Lucy with her classmates (wait) for the bus when the earthquake happened. 6．Lily as well as her family (climb) the green mountain nearby at this time of year. 7．Nobody except the local people (know) if there will be rain tomorrow. If it rains, we will stay inside and play cards together. 8．Look! A woman with two girls (be) coming towards us. 9．Everyone except Mike (be) going to play basketball because he doesn’t like it. 10．Two months (be) not enough for me. 11．Ten thousand years (be) too long. 12．This morning the Greens (clean) the house, but I am not sure if they have completed it so far. 13．The police (catch) hundreds of criminals since last September. 14．Nowadays, China a more and more important role on the International stage with its own development. (play) 15．Look! The trousers on the bed are black. That pair of trousers on the sofa (be) blue. 16．The number of the people here (be) about 8,000. 17．The number of the computers in our school (be) about 600. 18．That mountain (know) for its beauty. 19．When I was at primary school, my geography teacher told me the sun (rise) in the east. 20．Lily usually with her friends (study) at home on weekends. 二、单项选择 21．Nowadays, ________ people like HUAWEI phones better, and about ________ of them are adults. A．the number of; four fifths B．a number of; four fifths C．a number of; four fifth D．the number of; fourth fifths 22．—Only a small number of students ________ able to pass the exam. —Yes, the number of the students ________ no more than 20. A．is; is B．are; is C．are; are 23．—How much ________ this pair of sports shoes, sir? —Only ten dollars. All the sports shoes in our store ________ at very good prices. A．are; are B．are; is C．is; are D．is; is 24．—Either Tom or Jerry and I ________ going to have a school trip. —Wow! The school trip must be fun and exciting. A．am B．are C．is 25．She always says sharing problems ________ like ________ them in half. A．is, cuts B．are, cutting C．are, cut D．is, cutting 26．There are many rules in our school, for example, eating snacks ________ in our classroom. A．are not allowed B．is not allowed C．allow D．allows 27．Linda ________ in her room. She ________ a nice room. A．is, have B．is, has C．are, has D．are, have 28．—Susan, how many women teachers are there in your school? —In our school, ________ of the teachers ________ women teachers. A．third fourth; are B．third fourths; is C．three fourths; is D．three fourths; are 29．The writer and speaker ________ a speech on Chinese culture in the hall now. A．are giving B．is giving C．will give D．has given 30．—Ten years ________ since the road was built. —It brings more chances to the small village. A．have passed B．passed C．has passed 31．Many city people __________their bikes to work because it's good for protecting the environment. A．ride B．will ride C．riding D．have ridden 32．—In the city, the old ________. —Yes, that is a wonderful program. A．care for B．is looked after well C．are taken good care of 33．A woman with two children _________ along the street over there. A．is walking B．are walking C．walk D．walks 34．John, as well as his parents, ________ proud to support his community during last year’s pandemic. A．is B．are C．was D．were 35．Everyone except Tom and Sarah ________ there when the class began. A．are B．was C．were 36．You can travel or read to make sure that ________ your body ________ spirit is on the way. A．neither; nor B．both; and C．either; or D．not; but 37．Mike is new in the school. Either the students or the teacher ________ him very well. A．knows B．to know C．know D．knew 38．Tianshui Spicy Hot Pot is so delicious that ________ my parents ________ I am crazy about it. A．both…and B．not only…but also C．neither…nor D．either…or 39．There _________ a robot dog in the airport to help with the work now. A．is B．are C．was D．were 40．Look at the photo of Frank’s bedroom. Here ________ a bookcase and a desk, and in the bookcase ________ an alarm clock and some books. A．is, is B．are, are C．is, are D．are, is 一、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was a fine day. The sun was shining and the wind was gentle. The kids 1 in their backyard. Suddenly a little cat got stuck (卡住) under the fence. The kids tried to free the cat, 2 they couldn’t. So they asked their mother for help. The mother freed the cat. The cat looked so cute that the kids asked their mother 3 they could keep it. The mother said, “I don’t mind 4 , but you must ask your father, too.” The kids waited anxiously for their dad back from work. When they heard their father 5 the door, they both shouted loudly 6 the same time, “Hi, daddy!” “You are surely 7 than usual to see me today. What’s up?” her father said. “ 8 , daddy. We just love you so much,” the girl replied. Then their mother said, “Go ahead. Ask your dad.” The girl told her dad 9 had happened and asked to keep the cat. The father said, “No, you can’t. We 10 five cats up till now. Your mommy and I have no time 11 care of any more.” Hearing this, the kids looked unhappy. Seeing 12 sad looks on the kids’ faces, the father changed his mind. He said, “All right. Since you love it so much, you 13 keep it.” “Hooray! Thank you, daddy!” However, the father added that they must promise to look after the cat on their own. The kids were so happy to have 14 pet friend. Then the cat 15 the name “Lucky” by the kids. So the cat had a place to call home. 1．A．play B．are playing C．were playing D．will play 2．A．so B．but C．though D．because 3．A．if B．unless C．that D．which 4．A．me B．my C．mine D．myself 5．A．opens B．opening C．opened D．to open 6．A．for B．in C．on D．at 7．A．happy B．happily C．happier D．happiest 8．A．Something B．Everything C．Anything D．Nothing 9．A．what B．how C．when D．why 10．A．feed B．fed C．have fed D．will feed 11．A．take B．to take C．taking D．took 12．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 13．A．can B．must C．have to D．had better 14．A．other B．the other C．another D．others 15．A．is given B．was given C．will be given D．can be given 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When I was in primary school, I seldom 1 (help) my parents at home. I thought I should spend my time on schoolwork. My parents did all the chores. I used to make a mess and throw my things everywhere. One day, when my mother went home after work and found a lot of rubbish in 2 (we) house, she got so mad at me. She said to me seriously, “You must do some housework every day from now on.” I talked back 3 (loud), “It is parents’ job 4 (provide) a clean and comfortable environment at home.” Now I’m 5 15-year-old middle school student. I have a labor class at school every week. The teacher teaches us how to make food, tidy the room, grow some 6 (vegetable) and so on. I understand that doing housework 7 (be) difficult. Thinking back those old days, I regret what I have done before. I begin to do 8 (much) housework than before, so my parents can have a better rest when they come back from work. They are also proud 9 my change. In my opinion, we children should learn to be independent and take care of ourselves. Because it not only helps us learn many basic skills, 10 also helps us develop good habits. 一、完形填空 （2023·青海·中考真题）阅读短文，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文完整、通顺。 It was a sunny day. Jenny and her mother went to a park. When they 1 to the park, Jenny wanted to ride the roller coaster(过山车）. But it seemed that 2 people were already waiting in the line. 3 , a boy cut in line(插队). “Hey, you! You must 4 the rules in public. Would you please get in the line?” Jenny shouted 5 the boy angrily. The boy’s face turned red at once. “I’m sorry,” the boy lowered his head and went to the back of the line. After that, Jenny and her mother went around to take photos. There 6 different kinds of flowers in the park like tulips and sunflowers. Then Jenny saw a sea of roses, which are her favorite. When she was going to 7 some red roses, her mother stopped her, “Honey, the roses are beautiful, 8 we shouldn’t pick them because other people want to enjoy them, too.” Jenny was ashamed, “Mum, I agree with 9 you said. I won’t do it again.” “Honey, I am 10 you,” her mother nodded with a big smile on her face. On that night, Jenny wrote in her diary, “What 11 interesting day! However, thinking back on the 12 I had today, I feel sorry for what I did in the park. I should have asked the boy politely to wait in line instead of 13 loudly and angrily. Also, it is wrong to pick flowers in the park. I realize it is much 14 said than done. When we ask others to follow the rules, we need to remind(提醒) 15 not to break the rules, either.” 1．A．arrived B．got C．left 2．A．hundreds of B．a hundred of C．hundred of 3．A．Suddenly B．Happily C．Luckily 4．A．make B．break C．follow 5．A．at B．with C．for 6．A．were B．was C．had 7．A．water B．pick C．buy 8．A．unless B．though C．but 9．A．how B．why C．what 10．A．proud of B．worried about C．angry with 11．A．a B．an C．the 12．A．dream B．experience C．chance 13．A．smiling B．laughing C．shouting 14．A．easy B．easier C．easiest 15．A．yourselves B．themselves C．ourselves 二、短文填空 （2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Last Saturday, I went to Harbin Central Street with some of my friends. It was a 16 (sun) day. Walking along the street, we saw many volunteers (志愿者) offering help in the sun. They helped the elders with their bags, took 17 (photo) for some tourists and answered people’s questions. Though they were very tired, they didn’t stop to have a rest. We were 18 (deep) moved when we saw this. Just as we turned a corner, we noticed that two little boys 19 (stand) there and crying. We went over to see what happened to 20 (they). One boy told us that they couldn’t find their mother and 21 other boy told us their mother’s phone number. I tried to call her. 22 (twentieth) minutes later, their mother turned up. With tears in her eyes, she was very thankful 23 us. To tell the 24 (true), we not only enjoyed the beauty of the buildings along the street, 25 also felt the warmth of society that day. If everyone can reach out a helping hand to others, the world around us will change for the better. 三、选词填空（2024·山东德州·中考真题）    sit, get, be, call, continue, know, control, graduate, help, study, happen Lyu Linyou is a scientist who helps protect the environment in Zhangwu County. Zhangwu County 26 on the edge of the Horqin sandy land. Sand and dust storms 27 a big problem in the past. At one point, 95% of the county was covered in desert land. In 2004, Lyu Linyou 28 from college and he was only 24 years old then. The place he started working 29 the Provincial Institute (研究院) of Sandy Land Use. He has worked there for 20 years up to now. Nowadays, the institute 30 as the Sand Control and Usage Research Institute of the Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences. When Lyu Linyou first came to the county, he didn’t know much about how 31 sand. But with the help of his colleagues (同事) and local farmers, he quickly learned how to do it. In order to find the best grass and herbs (草药) for helping the grasslands in Zhangwu Couty grow back, Lyu 32 more than 400 different plants till now. He tested them and found more than 50 plants that work really well. To our joy, his work shows how science 33 protect the earth and make life better for ever. Because of his hard work, the grasslands in the area 34 healthier day by day. “Though I have made great progress, I 35 to work hard nonstop to make sure the environment to get better and better,” he said, “And I am sure this will also create new jobs for the people in this area in the future.” 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第12讲 主谓一致（练习） （模拟精练+真题演练） 一、用所给单词适当形式填空 1．Neither she nor I (be) from Canada. We are from the USA． 【答案】am 【解析】句意：她和我都不是加拿大人。我们来自美国。句子是一般现在时；根据“neither... nor...”谓语动词就近原则，可知be动词形式用am。故填am。 2．There (be) no milk in the fridge. 【答案】is 【解析】句意：冰箱里没有牛奶了。这里说的是现在具体发生的事情，应用一般现在时，milk是不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is。 3．Not only my parents but also I (be) going to stay at home this weekend. 【答案】am 【解析】句意：这个周末不仅我父母，我也要待在家里。“not only...but also”在连接不同主语时谓语动词形式遵循“就近原则”可知，I作主语时，谓语动词be用am。故填am。 4．I know neither the twin sisters nor Jim (play) such exciting games before. 【答案】has played 【解析】句意：我知道这对双胞胎姐妹和吉姆以前都没有玩过这么刺激的游戏。根据“before”可知此处应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+done，play的过去分词为played，neither…nor…遵循就近原则，Jim是第三人称单数，应用助动词has。故填has played。 5．Lucy with her classmates (wait) for the bus when the earthquake happened. 【答案】was waiting 【解析】句意：地震发生时，露西和她的同学正在等公共汽车。根据“when the earthquake happened.”，结合所给词可知，此处是含有when的过去进行时态，结构为：was/were+现在分词。此句中真正的主语是Lucy，所以be动词用was，wait的现在分词是waiting。故填was waiting。 6．Lily as well as her family (climb) the green mountain nearby at this time of year. 【答案】climbs 【解析】句意：莉莉和她的家人在每年的这个时候都会去爬附近的青山。as well as和……一样，其连接两个名词时，谓语动词应与第一个名词主语保持一致。再根据时间状语“at this time of year”可知，本句是一般现在时态，主语Lily是第三人称单数，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，climb第三人称单数形式是climbs。故填climbs。 7．Nobody except the local people (know) if there will be rain tomorrow. If it rains, we will stay inside and play cards together. 【答案】knows 【解析】句意：除了当地人，没有人知道明天是否会下雨。如果下雨，我们将待在家里，一起玩扑克牌。由“except”可知，except连接并列主语，谓语动词采用就远原则，nobody作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填knows。 8．Look! A woman with two girls (be) coming towards us. 【答案】is 【解析】句意：看！一个女人带着两个女孩向我们走来。根据“with two girls”可知，此处遵循“就远原则”，时态为现在进行时，主语是A woman，be动词应用单数is。故填is。 9．Everyone except Mike (be) going to play basketball because he doesn’t like it. 【答案】is 【解析】句意：除了迈克，每个人都要去打篮球，因为他不喜欢。except连接的并列成分作主语时，遵循就远原则，根据“Everyone”可知此处be动词用is。故填is。 10．Two months (be) not enough for me. 【答案】is 【解析】句意：两个月对我来说不够。表示金钱、时间、距离、长度等的复数名词、词组作主语时，一般被看作一个整体，谓语动词常用单数形式。句中的主语“Two months”是表示时间的名词，故谓语动词常用单数形式。故填is。 11．Ten thousand years (be) too long. 【答案】is 【解析】句意：一万年太久了。主语ten thousands years表示一段时间，一段时间作主语，需要把一段时间看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；根据所给提示词，be动词的单数形式是is。故填is。 12．This morning the Greens (clean) the house, but I am not sure if they have completed it so far. 【答案】were cleaning 【解析】句意：今天早上格林一家在打扫房子，但我不确定到目前为止他们是否完成了。clean打扫；this morning今天早上，是过去的时间，根据下文“but I am not sure if they have completed it so far”，可知clean是过去持续进行的动作，需用过去进行时was/were doing结构；the Greens表示格林一家，是复数人称，系词需用were，故填were cleaning。 13．The police (catch) hundreds of criminals since last September. 【答案】have caught 【解析】句意：自去年9月以来，警方已经抓获了数百名罪犯。 根据since last September（自去年9月以来），可知是一段持续的时间，本句需用现在完成时“have/has done”结构。police警察，集合名词表复数意义，助动词需用have，故填have caught。 14．Nowadays, China a more and more important role on the International stage with its own development. (play) 【答案】plays 【解析】句意：如今，随着自身的发展，中国在国际舞台上扮演着越来越重要的角色。根据“Nowadays”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语“China”表示单数，谓语动词应用三单。故填plays。 15．Look! The trousers on the bed are black. That pair of trousers on the sofa (be) blue. 【答案】is 【解析】句意：看！床上的裤子是红色的。沙发上的那条裤子是蓝色的。“That pair of trousers”作主语时，谓语动词形式要与量词一致，“pair”是单数形式，所以be动词用单数is。故填is。 16．The number of the people here (be) about 8,000. 【答案】is 【解析】句意：这里的人数大约有8000人。句子是一般现在时，the number of“……的数量”作主语时，谓语动词用单数is。故填is。 17．The number of the computers in our school (be) about 600. 【答案】is 【解析】句意：我们学校的电脑数量大约是600台。the number of“……的数量”，其谓语动词用单数，句子描述现在的一种状态，应用一般现在时，故be动词用is。故填is。 18．That mountain (know) for its beauty. 【答案】is known 【解析】句意：那座山以其美丽而闻名。根据所给词和“for its beauty”可知，此处是说那座山以其美丽而闻名。be known for“因……有名”，主语“That mountain”为第三人称单数，用系动词is，填is known。 19．When I was at primary school, my geography teacher told me the sun (rise) in the east. 【答案】rises 【解析】句意：当我上小学时，我的地理老师告诉我太阳从东方升起。分析句子可知，此处讲述客观真理，应用一般现在时，主语“the sun”为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单式。故填rises。 20．Lily usually with her friends (study) at home on weekends. 【答案】studies 【解析】句意：周末时，莉莉经常和她的朋友们一起在家学习。根据“usually”和“on weekends”可知该句应用一般现在时，主语Lily为第三人称单数，谓语应用动词study的三单形式studies。故填studies。 二、单项选择 21．Nowadays, ________ people like HUAWEI phones better, and about ________ of them are adults. A．the number of; four fifths B．a number of; four fifths C．a number of; four fifth D．the number of; fourth fifths 【答案】B 【解析】句意：现在，很多人更喜欢华为手机，其中大约五分之四是成年人。考查短语辨析和分数的表达。the number of……的数量；a number of大量的。根据“people like”可知，此处应指很多人更喜欢华为，用a number of表示；表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母用复数，故五分之四表达为four fifths。故选B。 22．—Only a small number of students ________ able to pass the exam. —Yes, the number of the students ________ no more than 20. A．is; is B．are; is C．are; are 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——只有一小部分学生能够通过考试。——是的，学生人数不超过20人。考查主谓一致。a number of“许多，大量”，作主语，谓语用复数形式；the number of“……的数量”，作主语，谓语用第三人称的单数形式。故选B。 23．—How much ________ this pair of sports shoes, sir? —Only ten dollars. All the sports shoes in our store ________ at very good prices. A．are; are B．are; is C．is; are D．is; is 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——先生，这双运动鞋多少钱？——只有10美元。我们店里所有的运动鞋价格都很便宜。 考查主谓一致。how much多少钱，询问价格，主语this pair是第三人称单数，be动词需用is；答句主语All the sports shoes是复数，be动词需用are。结合选项，故选C。 24．—Either Tom or Jerry and I ________ going to have a school trip. —Wow! The school trip must be fun and exciting. A．am B．are C．is 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——汤姆或者杰瑞将要和我有一场学校旅行。——哇！学校旅行一定有趣且让人兴奋。 考查主谓一致。此处是and连接的并列主语“Either Tom or Jerry”与I并列，汤姆或杰瑞其中一人将要和我参加学校旅行，and连接并列主语时，be动词用are。故选B。 25．She always says sharing problems ________ like ________ them in half. A．is, cuts B．are, cutting C．are, cut D．is, cutting 【答案】D 【解析】句意：她总是说，分享问题就像把问题减半。考查动名词的用法。is 是（be 的第三人称单数现在时形式；are是（be的第二人称单复数现在时，第一、三人称复数现在时）；cut切，割（动原）；cuts（三单）；cutting（动名词或现在分词）。结合句意分析句子结构，此句是宾语从句，从句主语是“sharing problems”，所以第一空是动名词作主语，谓语用第三人称单数形式，所以第一空填is。单词“like”放在is的后面，意为“像”，是介词，介词后应用动名词，动名词作介词的宾语。所以第二空填cutting。故选D。 26．There are many rules in our school, for example, eating snacks ________ in our classroom. A．are not allowed B．is not allowed C．allow D．allows 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们学校有很多规定，例如，在我们的教室里不允许吃零食。考查被动语态。主语eating snacks与动词allow之间是被动关系，且动名词作主语，助动词用is，故选B。 27．Linda ________ in her room. She ________ a nice room. A．is, have B．is, has C．are, has D．are, have 【答案】B 【解析】句意：琳达在她的房间里。她有一间漂亮的房间。考查动词。第一空用be+方位介词，表示位置，主语是“Linda”，填is；第二空指的是“有”，该句是一般现在时，主语是“She”，填has。故选B。 28．—Susan, how many women teachers are there in your school? —In our school, ________ of the teachers ________ women teachers. A．third fourth; are B．third fourths; is C．three fourths; is D．three fourths; are 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——苏珊，你们学校有多少女老师？——在我们学校，四分之三的教师是女教师。考查分数表达法及其用法。在英语中，分数的表达方法是：基数词（分子）+序数词（分母），分子超过1时，分母加s，故排除A、B项；含有分数主语的谓语动词形式，由of后面的名词决定，句中of后的名词teachers是复数形式，故谓语动词应用复数形式are。故选D。 29．The writer and speaker ________ a speech on Chinese culture in the hall now. A．are giving B．is giving C．will give D．has given 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这位作家兼演说家正在大厅里做关于中国文化的演讲。考查现在进行时和主谓一致。根据“now”可知，此处应用现在进行时，构成为am/is/are doing；根据“The writer and speaker”可知主语为the+名词，表示一个人，be动词用is。故选B。 30．—Ten years ________ since the road was built. —It brings more chances to the small village. A．have passed B．passed C．has passed 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——这条路建成已经十年了。——它给这个小村庄带来了更多的机会。考查现在完成时。根据“since the road was built.”可知，是现在完成时，主语“Ten years”是整体概念，因此是第三人称单数，助动词用has；故选C。 31．Many city people __________their bikes to work because it's good for protecting the environment. A．ride B．will ride C．riding D．have ridden 【答案】A 【解析】句意：许多城里人骑自行车上班，因为这有利于保护环境。考查动词时态辨析。本句是原因状语从句，由从句it's good可知本句为一般现在时态；people是集合名词，动词需用原形，故选A。 32．—In the city, the old ________. —Yes, that is a wonderful program. A．care for B．is looked after well C．are taken good care of 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——在城市里，老人受到很好的照顾。——是的，那是一个很好的项目。考查被动语态和主谓一致。care for=look after=take care of照顾，和主语the old之间是被动关系，主语是the old，表示“一类人”，be动词用are。故选C。 33．A woman with two children _________ along the street over there. A．is walking B．are walking C．walk D．walks 【答案】A 【解析】句意：一个带着两个孩子的妇女正在那边的街上走。考查时态和主谓一致。根据“over there”可知，句子表达的是此刻正在发生的事情，使用现在进行时“be doing”的形式，句子主语是a woman，with two children表示伴随关系，因此谓语动词的数要跟其前面的名词保持一致，因此，be动词使用单数is。故选A。 34．John, as well as his parents, ________ proud to support his community during last year’s pandemic. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】C 【解析】句意：约翰和他的父母很自豪能够在去年的流行病期间支持他的社区。考查动词时态以及主谓一致。根据“during last year’s pandemic”可知，此句是一般过去时，主语John是第三人称单数形式，系动词用was，故选C。 35．Everyone except Tom and Sarah ________ there when the class began. A．are B．was C．were 【答案】B 【解析】句意：除了汤姆和莎拉，当开始上课时，每个人都在那儿。考查主谓一致。根据时间状语从句“when the class began”，可知主句描述的是过去的动作，故用一般过去时态。except连接的名词作主语时，遵循“就远原则”，此句主语是everyone，强调个体，作主语时要用单数形式。故选B。 36．You can travel or read to make sure that ________ your body ________ spirit is on the way. A．neither; nor B．both; and C．either; or D．not; but 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你可以旅行或阅读，以确保你的身体或灵魂在路上。考查连词辨析。neither...nor既不……也不……；both...and……和……（两者）都；either... or要么……要么……；not…but…不是……而是……。根据句意可知，旅行可以让身体在路上，阅读可以让灵魂在路上，要让身体还是灵魂在路上，那就是两者择一的问题，此处应用either...or...。故选C。 37．Mike is new in the school. Either the students or the teacher ________ him very well. A．knows B．to know C．know D．knew 【答案】A 【解析】句意：迈克是学校的新学生。不是学生就是老师很了解他。考查时态以及主谓一致。根据is可知，此句是一般现在时。either…or连接并列主语，be动词遵循“就近原则”，离动词最近的主语the teacher是单数形式，动词用三单，故选A。 38．Tianshui Spicy Hot Pot is so delicious that ________ my parents ________ I am crazy about it. A．both…and B．not only…but also C．neither…nor D．either…or 【答案】B 【解析】句意：天水麻辣烫太好吃了，不仅我的父母，而且我都热衷于它。考查并列连词辨析。both…and...……和……两者都，连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；not only…but also...不但……而且……，连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，遵循“就近原则”；neither…nor...既不……也不……；either…or...或者……或者……。根据“Tianshui Spicy Hot Pot is so delicious”可知，父母和“我”都热衷于天水麻辣烫，由am可知，此处为“就近原则”。故选B。 39．There _________ a robot dog in the airport to help with the work now. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】A 【解析】句意：现在机场有一只机器狗来帮助工作。考查动词时态以及there be句型。根据“now” 可知，此句是一般现在时，a robot dog是单数，所以be动词用is，故选A。 40．Look at the photo of Frank’s bedroom. Here ________ a bookcase and a desk, and in the bookcase ________ an alarm clock and some books. A．is, is B．are, are C．is, are D．are, is 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：看这张弗兰克卧室的照片。这是一个书架和一个桌子，在书架上有一个闹钟和一些书。考查主谓一致。第一空是here be句型，遵循就近原则，空后就近主语为单数，所以用is；第二空是完全倒装句型，主语为“an alarm clock and some books”，是复数，所以用are，故选C。 一、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was a fine day. The sun was shining and the wind was gentle. The kids 1 in their backyard. Suddenly a little cat got stuck (卡住) under the fence. The kids tried to free the cat, 2 they couldn’t. So they asked their mother for help. The mother freed the cat. The cat looked so cute that the kids asked their mother 3 they could keep it. The mother said, “I don’t mind 4 , but you must ask your father, too.” The kids waited anxiously for their dad back from work. When they heard their father 5 the door, they both shouted loudly 6 the same time, “Hi, daddy!” “You are surely 7 than usual to see me today. What’s up?” her father said. “ 8 , daddy. We just love you so much,” the girl replied. Then their mother said, “Go ahead. Ask your dad.” The girl told her dad 9 had happened and asked to keep the cat. The father said, “No, you can’t. We 10 five cats up till now. Your mommy and I have no time 11 care of any more.” Hearing this, the kids looked unhappy. Seeing 12 sad looks on the kids’ faces, the father changed his mind. He said, “All right. Since you love it so much, you 13 keep it.” “Hooray! Thank you, daddy!” However, the father added that they must promise to look after the cat on their own. The kids were so happy to have 14 pet friend. Then the cat 15 the name “Lucky” by the kids. So the cat had a place to call home. 1．A．play B．are playing C．were playing D．will play 2．A．so B．but C．though D．because 3．A．if B．unless C．that D．which 4．A．me B．my C．mine D．myself 5．A．opens B．opening C．opened D．to open 6．A．for B．in C．on D．at 7．A．happy B．happily C．happier D．happiest 8．A．Something B．Everything C．Anything D．Nothing 9．A．what B．how C．when D．why 10．A．feed B．fed C．have fed D．will feed 11．A．take B．to take C．taking D．took 12．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 13．A．can B．must C．have to D．had better 14．A．other B．the other C．another D．others 15．A．is given B．was given C．will be given D．can be given 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．C 15．B 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了孩子们在母亲的帮助下救下了一只猫，并且请求父母收养小猫。父亲开始并不同意，看到孩子失望的表情后便同意了请求。父亲让孩子们自己照顾猫，孩子们很高兴，给猫咪取了名字叫“幸运”。 1．句意：孩子们正在后院玩。 play一般现在时；are playing现在进行时；were playing过去进行时；will play一般将来时。根据“in their backyard.”可知，这里是孩子们正在后院玩，文章以一般过去时行文，所以需用过去进行时。故选C。 2．句意：孩子们试图把猫放生，但他们做不到。 so所以；but但是；though虽然；because因为。根据“they couldn’t.”可知，这里表示转折关系，用but连接。故选B。 3．句意：这只猫看起来很可爱，孩子们问妈妈是否可以收养它。 if是否；unless除非；that那个；which哪一个。根据“they could keep it.”可知，这里是由if引导的宾语从句。故选A。 4．句意：母亲说：“我不介意，但你也得问问你父亲。” me我；my我的；mine我的；myself我自己。根据“I don’t mind…,”可知，这里用反身代词myself。故选D。 5．句意：当他们听到父亲打开门时，他们同时大声喊道。 opens三单；opening现在分词；opened过去式；to open动词不定式。根据“heard their father…the door,”可知，这里是hear sb. doing sth.听到某人在做某事，需用opening。故选B。 6．句意：当他们听到父亲打开门时，他们同时大声喊道。 for对于；in在里面；on在……上；at在。这里是固定短语：at the same time，意为“同时”。故选D。 7．句意：你今天见到我肯定比平时更高兴。怎么了？ happy原级；happily副词原级；happier比较级；happiest最高级。由than可知，这里用形容词的比较级。故选C。 8．句意：没什么，爸爸。我们太爱你了。 Something某物；Everything每件事；Anything任何东西；Nothing没有什么。根据“We just love you so much,”可知，这里应该回答：没什么，爸爸。故选D。 9．句意：女孩把发生的事告诉了她爸爸，并要求养猫。 what什么；how怎样；when什么时候；why为什么。根据“The girl told her dad…had happened”可知，这里是由what引导的宾语从句，what作作主语。故选A。 10．句意：到目前为止，我们已经养了五只猫。 feed一般现在时；fed过去式；have fed现在完成时；will feed一般将来时。根据“five cats up till now.”可知，这里是现在完成时。故选C。 11．句意：你妈妈和我再也没有时间照顾了。 take原形；to take动词不定式；taking动名词；took过去式。这里是：have no time to do sth.没有时间做某事，需用动词不定式。故选B。 12．句意：看到孩子们脸上悲伤的表情，父亲改变了主意。 a/an一个不定冠词，表泛指，表示数量，a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；an用在以元音音素开头的单词前；the这个/这些，定冠词，表特指；/表示不填，零冠词。分析句子可知，此处特指孩子们脸上悲伤的表情，用定冠词the。故选C。 13．句意：既然你这么喜欢它，你就可以养它。 can可以；must必须；have to不得不；had better最好。根据“All right.”可知，这里表示允许。故选A。 14．句意：孩子们很高兴又有了一个宠物朋友。 other另外；the other其他的；another另一个；others其他。根据“pet friend.”可知，这里是不同于上文提到的五只猫，另外的一只猫。故选C。 15．句意：然后孩子们给这只猫起了个名字“幸运”。 is given一般现在时的被动语态；was given一般过去时的被动语态；will be given一般将来时的被动语态；can be given含有情态动词的被动语态。根据“So the cat had a place to call home.”可知，这里是一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When I was in primary school, I seldom 1 (help) my parents at home. I thought I should spend my time on schoolwork. My parents did all the chores. I used to make a mess and throw my things everywhere. One day, when my mother went home after work and found a lot of rubbish in 2 (we) house, she got so mad at me. She said to me seriously, “You must do some housework every day from now on.” I talked back 3 (loud), “It is parents’ job 4 (provide) a clean and comfortable environment at home.” Now I’m 5 15-year-old middle school student. I have a labor class at school every week. The teacher teaches us how to make food, tidy the room, grow some 6 (vegetable) and so on. I understand that doing housework 7 (be) difficult. Thinking back those old days, I regret what I have done before. I begin to do 8 (much) housework than before, so my parents can have a better rest when they come back from work. They are also proud 9 my change. In my opinion, we children should learn to be independent and take care of ourselves. Because it not only helps us learn many basic skills, 10 also helps us develop good habits. 【答案】 1． helped 2．our 3．loudly 4．to provide 5．a 6．vegetables 7．is 8．more 9．of 10．but 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了作者小时候很少帮父母做家务，长大了之后理解了做家务的重要性。 1．句意：‌在小学时，我很少在家帮父母。根据“When I was in primary school”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，动词help应用过去式helped。故填helped。 2．句意：‌有一天，当我的母亲下班回家后，发现家里有很多垃圾‌，她对我非常生气。空后是名词house，空处应用we的形容词性物主代词our“我们的”，修饰该名词。故填our。 3．句意：我大声顶嘴：“在家里提供一个干净舒适的环境是父母的工作。”此处修饰动词短语talked back，用loud的副词形式loudly“大声地”。故填loudly。 4．句意：我大声顶嘴：“在家里提供一个干净舒适的环境是父母的工作。”根据“It is parents’ job... (provide) a clean and comfortable environment at home.”可知，此处考查It is one’s job to do sth.“做某事是某人的工作”，provide“提供”，空处应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to provide。 5．句意：现在我是一个15岁的中学生。此处泛指“一名学生”，15以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 6．句意：老师教我们如何做饭、整理房间、种一些蔬菜等等。some后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，vegetable“蔬菜”，是可数名词，此处应用其复数形式。故填vegetables。 7．句意：我明白做家务很难。句子是一般现在时，doing housework是动名词作主语，be动词用is。故填is。 8．句意：我开始做比以前更多的家务，这样我父母下班回来后可以休息得更好。根据“than before”可知，此处应用比较级，much的比较级是more“更多的”。故填more。 9．句意：他们也为我的改变感到骄傲。be proud of“为……感到骄傲”，形容词短语。故填of。 10．句意：因为它不仅帮助我们学习许多基本技能，而且有助于我们养成良好的习惯。根据“But it not only...also...”可知，此处考查not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”，固定搭配。故填but。 一、完形填空 （2023·青海·中考真题）阅读短文，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文完整、通顺。 It was a sunny day. Jenny and her mother went to a park. When they 1 to the park, Jenny wanted to ride the roller coaster(过山车）. But it seemed that 2 people were already waiting in the line. 3 , a boy cut in line(插队). “Hey, you! You must 4 the rules in public. Would you please get in the line?” Jenny shouted 5 the boy angrily. The boy’s face turned red at once. “I’m sorry,” the boy lowered his head and went to the back of the line. After that, Jenny and her mother went around to take photos. There 6 different kinds of flowers in the park like tulips and sunflowers. Then Jenny saw a sea of roses, which are her favorite. When she was going to 7 some red roses, her mother stopped her, “Honey, the roses are beautiful, 8 we shouldn’t pick them because other people want to enjoy them, too.” Jenny was ashamed, “Mum, I agree with 9 you said. I won’t do it again.” “Honey, I am 10 you,” her mother nodded with a big smile on her face. On that night, Jenny wrote in her diary, “What 11 interesting day! However, thinking back on the 12 I had today, I feel sorry for what I did in the park. I should have asked the boy politely to wait in line instead of 13 loudly and angrily. Also, it is wrong to pick flowers in the park. I realize it is much 14 said than done. When we ask others to follow the rules, we need to remind(提醒) 15 not to break the rules, either.” 1．A．arrived B．got C．left 2．A．hundreds of B．a hundred of C．hundred of 3．A．Suddenly B．Happily C．Luckily 4．A．make B．break C．follow 5．A．at B．with C．for 6．A．were B．was C．had 7．A．water B．pick C．buy 8．A．unless B．though C．but 9．A．how B．why C．what 10．A．proud of B．worried about C．angry with 11．A．a B．an C．the 12．A．dream B．experience C．chance 13．A．smiling B．laughing C．shouting 14．A．easy B．easier C．easiest 15．A．yourselves B．themselves C．ourselves 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．A 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．C 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了Jenny和妈妈去公园的所见所闻，晚上回到家时，Jenny在日记中记录了今天的经历，并感叹自己的行为是否妥当。 1．句意：当他们到达公园时，珍妮想坐过山车。 arrived到达；got得到；left离开。get to“到达”，固定搭配，故选B。 2．句意：但似乎已经有数百人在排队等候了。 hundreds of数以百计的；a hundred of表达错误；hundred of表达错误。表示概数用数词的复数形式+of，hundreds of“数百的”，故选A。 3．句意：突然，一个男孩插队。 Suddenly突然；Happily开心地；Luckily幸运地。根据“a boy cut in line”可知，男孩插队是突然发生，故选A。 4．句意：在公共场合你必须遵守规则。 make制造；break打破；follow跟随。根据“the rules in public”及“Would you please get in the line”可知，要遵守排队的规则，故选C。 5．句意：珍妮生气地对那个男孩大喊。 at在；with带有；for为了。shout at“朝……喊”，固定搭配，故选A。 6．句意：公园里有不同种类的花，像郁金香和向日葵。 were是；was 是；had有。主语“flowers”是复数形式，用there were表示“有”，故选A。 7．句意：当她要摘一些红玫瑰时，她妈妈阻止了她。 water浇水；pick摘；buy买。根据“we shouldn’t pick them”可知，Jenny想要摘花，故选B。 8．句意：但我们不应该摘它们，因为其他人也想欣赏它们。 unless除非；though尽管；but但是。“we shouldn’t pick them because other people want to enjoy them, too.”与前文是转折关系，故选C。 9．句意：妈妈，我同意你说的。 how怎样；why为什么；what什么。空格作said的宾语，应填what，故选C。 10．句意：亲爱的，我以你为傲。 proud of以……为傲；worried about担心；angry with生气。根据“Mum, I agree …you said. I won’t do it again.”可知，听到Jenny这样说，妈妈以她为傲，故选A。 11．句意：多么有趣的一天！ a一个，用于辅音音素前；an一个，用于元音音素前；the这个/那个。what+a/an+形容词+单数名词+主谓，是感叹句的结构，interesting是以元音音素开头的，故选B。 12．句意：然而，回想起今天的经历，我为我在公园里所做的感到抱歉。 dream梦想；experience经历；chance机会。根据“thinking back on the … I had today”可知，此处指回想今天的经历，故选B。 13．句意：我应该有礼貌地让那个男孩排队，而不是生气地大声喊叫。 smiling微笑；laughing笑；shouting呼喊。根据“Jenny shouted … the boy angrily.”及“I should have asked the boy politely to wait in line instead of …loudly and angrily”可知，认为自己不应该朝那个男孩大喊大叫，故选C。 14．句意：我知道说起来容易做起来难。 easy容易的；easier更容易的；easiest最容易的。根据than可知，此空应填比较级，故选B。 15．句意：当我们要求别人遵守规则时，我们也需要提醒自己不要违反规则。 yourselves你们自己；themselves他们自己；ourselves我们自己。根据we可知，此空应填反身代词ourselves，故选C。 二、短文填空 （2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Last Saturday, I went to Harbin Central Street with some of my friends. It was a 16 (sun) day. Walking along the street, we saw many volunteers (志愿者) offering help in the sun. They helped the elders with their bags, took 17 (photo) for some tourists and answered people’s questions. Though they were very tired, they didn’t stop to have a rest. We were 18 (deep) moved when we saw this. Just as we turned a corner, we noticed that two little boys 19 (stand) there and crying. We went over to see what happened to 20 (they). One boy told us that they couldn’t find their mother and 21 other boy told us their mother’s phone number. I tried to call her. 22 (twentieth) minutes later, their mother turned up. With tears in her eyes, she was very thankful 23 us. To tell the 24 (true), we not only enjoyed the beauty of the buildings along the street, 25 also felt the warmth of society that day. If everyone can reach out a helping hand to others, the world around us will change for the better. 【答案】 16．sunny 17．photos 18．deeply 19．were standing 20．them 21．the 22．Twenty 23．to 24．truth 25．but 【文章大意】作者描述了在哈尔滨中央大街上与朋友的一次经历，他们目睹并参与了一些善举，感受到社会的温暖。 16．句意：那是个阳光明媚的日子。修饰名词“day”，需用形容词作定语；sunny表示“晴朗的”，形容词。故填sunny。 17．句意：他们帮老人提行李，为一些游客拍照，并回答人们的问题。take photos“拍照”，固定短语。故填photos。 18．句意：看到这一幕，我们深受感动。空处修饰“moved”，需用副词deeply表示“深深地”，作状语。故填deeply。 19．句意：正当我们拐过一个角时，我们注意到两个小男孩站在那里哭泣。根据“there and crying”可知，动作发生在过去，且正在进行，需用过去进行时(was/were doing)；主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were standing 。 20．句意：我们上前看看他们发生了什么事。根据“what happened to”可知，空处位于介词to之后，用代词宾格them，指代“两个小男孩”。故填them。 21．句意：其中一个男孩告诉我们他们找不到妈妈，另一个男孩告诉我们他妈妈的电话号码。根据“One boy”可知，这里特指“另一个男孩”，one...the other...“一个……，另一个……”。故填the。 22．句意：二十分钟后，他们的妈妈出现了。根据“minutes later,”可知，此处表示“二十分钟后”，需填数词twenty“二十”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Twenty。 23．句意：她眼里含着泪水，非常感谢我们。be thankful to sb表示“感谢某人”。故填to。 24．句意：说实话，那天我们不仅欣赏了沿街建筑的美丽，还感受到了社会的温暖。To tell the truth表示“说实话”，固定短语。故填truth。 25．句意：说实话，那天我们不仅欣赏了沿街建筑的美丽，还感受到了社会的温暖。not only...but also...“不仅……而且”。故填but。 三、选词填空（2024·山东德州·中考真题）    sit, get, be, call, continue, know, control, graduate, help, study, happen Lyu Linyou is a scientist who helps protect the environment in Zhangwu County. Zhangwu County 26 on the edge of the Horqin sandy land. Sand and dust storms 27 a big problem in the past. At one point, 95% of the county was covered in desert land. In 2004, Lyu Linyou 28 from college and he was only 24 years old then. The place he started working 29 the Provincial Institute (研究院) of Sandy Land Use. He has worked there for 20 years up to now. Nowadays, the institute 30 as the Sand Control and Usage Research Institute of the Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences. When Lyu Linyou first came to the county, he didn’t know much about how 31 sand. But with the help of his colleagues (同事) and local farmers, he quickly learned how to do it. In order to find the best grass and herbs (草药) for helping the grasslands in Zhangwu Couty grow back, Lyu 32 more than 400 different plants till now. He tested them and found more than 50 plants that work really well. To our joy, his work shows how science 33 protect the earth and make life better for ever. Because of his hard work, the grasslands in the area 34 healthier day by day. “Though I have made great progress, I 35 to work hard nonstop to make sure the environment to get better and better,” he said, “And I am sure this will also create new jobs for the people in this area in the future.” 【答案】 26． sits 27．were 28．graduated 29．was called 30．is known 31．to control 32．has studied 33．helps 34．are getting 35．will continue 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了科学家吕林友在彰武县保护环境的故事。 26．句意：彰武县坐落在科尔沁沙地边缘。根据“Zhangwu County...on the edge of the Horqin sandy land”可知，此处表示地理位置，结合备选词汇，sit符合语境，表示“坐落于”。陈述客观事实一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单。故填sits 27．句意：过去沙尘暴是大问题。根据题干可知，此句为主系表结构，空格处应填系动词，主语storms是复数名词，时间状语为“in the past”，时态为一般过去时，系动词应是were。故填were。 28．句意：2004年，吕林友大学毕业，当时他只有24岁。根据“from college”可知，此处应选择动词graduate表示“毕业”。时态应为一般过去时。故填graduated。 29．句意：他开始工作的地方叫做“省沙地利用研究院”。根据“the Provincial Institute (研究院) of Sandy Land Use”可知，这是他工作单位的名字，应选择动词call“称呼”。主语place和谓语动词call之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。根据“he started working”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，主语place是第三人称单数，被动语态的结构应为was+过去分词。故填was called。 30．句意：目前，该研究所被称为辽宁省农业科学院治沙与利用研究所。根据备选词汇know“知道”和后面的介词as可知，此处是固定词组be known as“被称为”。由“Nowadays”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，系动词用is。故填is known。 31．句意：吕林友刚来这个县的时候，对如何控制沙子不太了解。根据“he didn’t know much about how...sand”以及备选词汇可知，此处是指“控制沙子”。how to do sth.“如何做某事”是“疑问词+不定式”的结构作宾语。故填to control。 32．句意：为了找到最好的草和草药来帮助彰武县的草原恢复生长，吕至今研究了400多种不同的植物。根据“He tested them and found more than 50 plants that work really well. ”可知，他研究了400多种植物。study“研究”，时间状语是“till now”，时态应为现在完成时，主语是he，现在完成时的结构为has+过去分词。故填has studied。 33．句意：令我们高兴的是，他的作品展示了科学如何帮助保护地球，让生活永远更美好。根据“ his work shows how science...protect the earth”可知，此处应选择动词help表示“帮助”。主语science是第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用三单。故填helps。 34．句意：由于他的辛勤工作，该地区的草原日益健康。根据“healthier day by day.”可知，此处应选择动词get表示“变得”。结合时间状语“day by day”可知，时态应为现在进行时，主语是复数名词grasslands，系动词用are。故填are getting。 35．句意：虽然我取得了很大的进步，但我会不停地努力工作，确保环境越来越好。根据“Though I have made great progress, I...to work hard”可知，此处应选择动词continue表示“继续”。根据“I have made great progress”可知，将来还会继续努力，用一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形。故填will continue。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$