15 巴以冲突、俄乌战争、叙利亚内战等国际冲突-备战2025年中考英语时文热点专练

15 巴以冲突、俄乌战争、叙利亚内战等国际冲突 2024战火纷飞，4地区冲突不断，中方出面斡旋，和平声音震耳欲聋 2024-12-16 13:32· 回望整个2024年，这一年时间里，国际局势动荡不堪，多个地区陷入战火之中。 2024年，可以被称为“战争年”。这一年，因各地安全危机爆发，导致国际平民死伤高达数十万。而这些死伤的民众，多集中在2个区域，分别是中东、东欧。东欧地区，俄乌冲突仍在持续，尽管多方认为，特朗普的上台，会彻底终结俄乌战事，但就目前而言，这场冲突还未停息。而中东地区，问题更是复杂。 巴以冲突还在持续，而其带来的战争外溢，已经导致了黎以冲突爆发。在多方局势的变动下，叙利亚内部也出现乱象，尽管乔拉尼领导的“解放沙姆组织”成功政变，推翻了阿萨德政权。但叙利亚这长达10多年的内乱，还远未到彻底结束的时刻。 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 For the past five years, 44-year-old Rami Adham has spent much of his time helping children in Syria (叙利亚). He keeps sending 1 to them. Rami Adham was born in Syria, but moved to Finland with his family in 1989. When Syrian civil war (内战) took place in 2011, he 2 to help the children in his hometown. In the beginning, he 3 planned on sending toys. He thought food, medicine and drinking water were more 4 . Once his daughter asked him to send her toys to the children in Syria. When Adham gave the toys to those poor children, he saw the 5 on their faces. From then on, he made toys on the top of his gift list. Adham soon became known 6 the Father Christmas of Syria. He has travelled from Finland to Syria 28 times. And he won’t stop until the war ends. Every time he goes to Syria, he carries a heavy bag of toys on his back all the way. It’s a trip full of 7 . He might get hurt or be killed at any time, but he never 8 . “Now children in Syria are facing death and many other possible threats (威胁). I think the toys are really 9 for the children,” he said. “No matter what they 10 , they are always happy to share it with others.” Adham is having a campaign (活动) at present. He wants to raise 100,000 dollars. If successful, he plans to use the money to build schools in Syria. 1．A．books B．clothes C．toys 2．A．forgot B．remembered C．decided 3．A．usually B．never C．sometimes 4．A．romantic B．amazing C．important 5．A．joy B．sadness C．anger 6．A．for B．as C．with 7．A．danger B．happiness C．safety 8．A．gets lost B．carries on C．gives up 9．A．unknown B．meaningful C．expensive 10．A．reach B．record C．receive 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 【知识点】志愿服务 【导语】本文讲述了在过去的五年里，44岁的Rami Adham大部分时间都在帮助叙利亚的儿童。他不停地给他们寄玩具。 1．句意：他不停地给他们寄玩具。 books书；clothes衣服；toys玩具。根据“he made toys on the top of his gift list.”可知是寄玩具。故选C。 2．句意：2011年叙利亚内战爆发时，他决定帮助家乡的孩子。 forgot忘记；remembered记得；decided决定。根据“to help the children in his hometown”可知是指决定帮助家乡的孩子。故选C。 3．句意：一开始，他从来没有打算送玩具。 usually经常；never从不；sometimes有时。根据“He thought food, medicine and drinking water were more”可知是指在战争期间，他开始从来没有打算送玩具。故选B。 4．句意：他认为食物、药品和饮用水更重要。 romantic浪漫的；amazing令人惊喜的；important重要的。根据“He thought food, medicine and drinking water were more”可知是指在战争期间，他认为食物、药品和饮用水更重要。故选C。 5．句意：当Adham把玩具送给那些可怜的孩子时，他看到了他们脸上的喜悦。 joy欢乐；sadness悲伤；anger愤怒。根据“he made toys on the top of his gift list.”可知孩子们很喜欢玩具，故选A。 6．句意：Adham很快被称为叙利亚的圣诞老人。 for为了；as作为；with和。根据“the Father Christmas of Syria”可知是指被称为叙利亚的圣诞老人。known as“被称为”，故选B。 7．句意：这是一次充满危险的旅行。 danger危险；happiness幸福；safety安全。根据“He might get hurt or be killed at any time”可知这是一次充满危险的旅行。故选A。 8．句意：他随时可能受伤或被杀，但他从未放弃。 gets lost迷路；carries on继续；gives up放弃。根据“He might get hurt or be killed at any time”可知是指他随时可能受伤或被杀，但他从未放弃。故选C。 9．句意：我认为这些玩具对孩子们来说真的很有意义。 unknown未知的；meaningful有意义的；expensive昂贵的。根据“I think the toys are really…for the children”可知是指这些玩具对孩子们来说真的很有意义。故选B。 10．句意：无论他们收到什么，他们总是乐于与他人分享。 reach到达；record记录；receive接收。根据“No matter what they…they are always happy to share it with others.”可知是指无论他们收到什么，他们总是乐于与他人分享。故选C。 二、阅读理解 A Warm Touch in Paris (巴黎善举) In a school in Paris, there were two students, David from Israel (以色列) and Ali from Palestine (巴勒斯坦). Although their hometowns were in the midst of conflict (战争冲突), at first, they didn’t know each other’s backgrounds in the school. A chance group activity made them meet and become partners. During the cooperation (合作), they found that both of them had a thirst for knowledge and kind hearts. As the communication deepened, they learned about each other’s hometown situations. David told something in the life in Israel, and Ali also shared the culture of Palestine. They began to realize that the conflict (冲突) shouldn’t be a barrier (隔阂) between them. So, they decided to launch a peace initiative (和平倡议) activity in the school, calling on their classmates to pray and work hard for peace between Palestine and Israel. They collected the blessing words and paintings of their classmates, made a beautiful booklet, and sent it to the children in their hometowns through the Internet, hoping to bring warmth and hope to the conflict area and also let more people understand the importance of that peace. Everyone should play an important part it the peace. 11．Where did David and Ali meet? A．In a park in Paris. B．In a school in Paris. C．In a library in Paris. D．In a museum in Paris. 12．What made them become partners? A．A sports game. B．A music concert. C．A group activity. D．A school trip. 13．What did they find in common during their cooperation? A．They both liked playing games. B．They both had a love for music. C．They both had a thirst for knowledge and kind hearts. D．They both were good at sports. 14．What did they decide to do to promote peace? A．Hold a protest. B．Write letters to the government. C．Launch a peace initiative activity in the school. D．Donate money to the conflict area. 15．How did they send the booklet to the children in their hometowns? A．By mail. B．By hand. C．Through the Internet. D．By airplane. 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．C 14．C 15．C 【知识点】其他人、国家与民族、记叙文 【导语】本文讲述了巴黎一所学校的两名学生，尽管来自冲突不断的以色列和巴勒斯坦，但他们在学校相遇并成为朋友，共同发起和平倡议活动，旨在向家乡传递温暖与希望，并强调和平的重要性。 11．细节理解题。根据“In a school in Paris, there were two students, David from Israel (以色列) and Ali from Palestine (巴勒斯坦).”可知，David和Ali是在巴黎的一所学校相遇的。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据“A chance group activity made them meet and become partners.”可知，是一次偶然的小组活动让他们相识并成为伙伴。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据“During the cooperation (合作), they found that both of them had a thirst for knowledge and kind hearts.”可知，在合作过程中，他们发现共同点是对知识的渴望和善良的心。故选C。 14．细节理解题。根据“So, they decided to launch a peace initiative (和平倡议) activity in the school, calling on their classmates to pray and work hard for peace between Palestine and Israel.”可知，他们决定在学校发起一项和平倡议活动，呼吁同学们为巴勒斯坦和以色列之间的和平祈祷并努力。故选C。 15．细节理解题。根据“made a beautiful booklet, and sent it to the children in their hometowns through the Internet”可知，他们通过互联网将制作的电子小册子发送给家乡的孩子们。故选C。 A Russian artist and a Ukrainian owner of a holiday home on the Indonesian island of Bali have come together in a special way to promote peace and unity through a large work of art. The work, a piece of calligraphy—spanning (横跨) 960 square meters across the rooftops of nine buildings—spells out “United World” in six languages: Russian, Ukrainian, English, Chinese, French and Indonesian. “This work is not a political statement (声明), but a cultural statement and a social statement, about people and the way... We can work together to create a future in peace.” Russian calligraphy artist Pokras Lampas told Reuters. The 30-year-old Lampas, who has been Bali since December, said the idea had been developed with a group of Ukrainian friends before the war between Russia and Ukraine started. The tension (紧张局势) between the two countries is building up. The work has taken on even more meaning. Alex Shtefan is the Ukrainian running the holiday home. He said the artwork follows his values and sends an important message. “We can show in our way the world our idea that the world needs to be united,” said Shtefan, who has been living in Indonesia for six years. Both men said they hoped the war would stop as soon as possible. “If we can find a way to stop it and find a peaceful way to negotiate (谈判), we need to make it now.” Lampas said. “Even though the two countries have their own cultures, Russia and Ukraine always were like brothers. We were always...close, we always helped each other and even we looked similar. We cannot believe what has happened,” Shtefans aid, adding that he was worried about the safety of loved ones back home. 16．What can we know about the piece of art? A．It is 960 meters long. B．It is a painting of buildings. C．It is written in six languages. D．It is the result of a political activity. 17．Lampas got his idea to create the work ________. A．to show his skills in art B．to celebrate the friendship C．under the influence of the war D．with the help of Ukrainian friends 18．Why has the work taken on more meaning now? A．Because it has been widely famous. B．Because Russia and Ukraine are at war. C．Because it has become a symbol of love. D．Because it was created by two men from Russia and Ukraine. 19．Which sentence best expresses the theme of the text? A．The power of art is great for us. B．Art comes from life but is higher than life. C．Artists from all countries should call for peace. D．We should work together to create a united world. 【答案】16．C 17．D 18．B 19．D 【知识点】美术与摄影、说明文 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个俄罗斯艺术家和一个乌克兰人以一种特殊的方式聚到了一起。在印度尼西亚的巴厘岛上，他们用六种语言拼写出一幅巨型书法作品，目的是促进世界和平与团结。 16．细节理解题。根据第一段“The work, a piece of calligraphy—spanning 960 square meters across the rooftops of nine buildings—spells out ‘United World’ in six languages”可知，这幅书法作品占地960平方米，横跨九栋建筑的顶部，用六种语言拼写出“联合世界”。故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据第三段“the idea had been developed with a group of Ukrainian friends before the war between Russia and Ukraine started”可知，Lampas说这个主意是在俄罗斯和乌克兰开战前，他和一群乌克兰的朋友一起想出来的。故选D。 18．细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，在俄罗斯和乌克兰开战前，Lampas和一群乌克兰的朋友一起想出这个主意，现在两国局势紧张；再根据最后一段“Both men said they hoped the war would stop as soon as possible.”可知，两个人都希望战争尽快结束。第一段提到他们创作该作品的目的是促进世界和平与团结，故这幅作品的意义更加重大，是因为俄罗斯和乌克兰目前正处于战争中。故选B。 19．主旨大意题。通读文章可知，一个俄罗斯艺术家和一个乌克兰人在巴厘岛合作完成了一幅占地960平方米的作品，用六种语言在楼顶上写下了“联合世界”，希望以此来促进世界的和平与团结。这幅作品因为俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的战争而更有意义了，他们希望两国可以用和平的方式谈判，希望战争可以早日结束。由此可推知，D选项“我们应该共同努力，创造一个团结的世界”最能体现本文的主题。故选D。 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式 (每空一词)。 In the Middle East, a terrible conflict (冲突) is taking place between Palestine and Israel. This has drawn the 20 (关注) of people around the world. Bridges and roads in 21 (连接) different areas has been destroyed and many lives are in danger. People are living in fear. They are trying to 22 (避免) being hurt. The air is filled with the 23 (气味) of gunpowder and smoke. As the conflict continues, people watch in 24 (沉默). The international community is trying hard to find solutions. Leaders from different countries have been 25 (采访) to discuss possible directions. This conflict has also had a big impact on business and 26 (国际的) connections. The two sides should talk to each other 27 (礼貌地) and find a peaceful way out instead of being 28 (惩罚) by more violence. Let’s hone this conflict ends soon so that people can live in peace again. After all, in this 29 (东方的) part of the world, everyone longs for stability and harmony. The things produced here should bring happiness. 【答案】 20．attention 21．connecting 22．avoid 23．smell 24．silence 25．interviewed 26．international 27．politely 28．punished 29．eastern 【知识点】国家安全、国际事务 【导语】本文主要讲述了中东地区巴基斯坦和以色列之间的冲突，以及解决冲突的必要性。 20．句意：这引起了全世界人们的关注。根据汉语提示可知，attention“注意，关注”，符合语境，不可数名词。故填attention。 21．句意：连接不同地区的桥梁和道路已被摧毁，许多人的生命处于危险之中。根据汉语提示可知，connect“连接”，符合语境，根据“in”可知，介词后加动名词。故填connecting。 22．句意：他们正试图避免受到伤害。根据汉语提示可知，avoid“避免”，符合语境，根据“trying to”可知，此处用动词原形。故填avoid。 23．句意：空气中充满了火药和烟雾的气味。根据汉语提示可知，smell“气味，味道”，符合语境，是不可数名词。故填smell。 24．句意：随着冲突的持续，人们在沉默中观望。根据汉语提示可知，silence“安静，沉默”，符合语境，in silence“沉默地，安静地”，固定搭配。故填silence。 25．句意：来自不同国家的领导人已被采访以讨论可能的解决方向。根据汉语提示可知，interview“采访”，符合语境，根据“Leaders from different countries have been…”可知，此处领导者是被采访，应该使用被动语态，动词用过去分词。故填interviewed。 26．句意：这场冲突也对商业和国际联系产生了重大影响。根据汉语提示可知，international“国际的”，符合语境，作定语。故填international。 27．句意：双方应该礼貌地对话，寻找和平解决的途径，而不是被更多的暴力所惩罚。根据汉语提示可知，politely“礼貌地”，符合语境，修饰动词talk。故填politely。 28．句意：双方应该礼貌地对话，寻找和平解决的途径，而不是被更多的暴力所惩罚。根据汉语提示可知，punish“惩罚”，符合语境，根据“being…by more violence”可知，此处指被惩罚，需要使用被动语态，动词使用过去分词。故填punished。 29．句意：毕竟，在这个世界的东方部分，每个人都渴望稳定与和谐。根据汉语提示可知，eastern“东方的”，符合语境，此处作定语。故填eastern。 四、选词填空 从下面方框中选出10个单词，并将其正确形式填写在相应位置，使短文意思正确通顺（每词限用一次）。 agree   ask   big   country   creative   end  first   home   people   teach   win   wise Friday, February 25th I’m unable to think clearly these days. We 30 at home and at school that using violence is the least civilized(文明的) way to solve problems. For example, last week I thought about hitting my friend for 31 a beautiful shell while we were playing at the beach. I talked with him instead and we came to an 32 . If two adults had a disagreement, and if they used violence towards each other in order to win, is it all right? When two countries disagree, they often fight a war, like Russia and Ukraine. Why is using violence not okay at home, at school, or in your country but okay between 33 ? So many people are killed because of wars, not only soldiers but common people, even small children and babies. At the same time, some people have to be forced to leave their own country, becoming 34 . A war is a great violence, like two people fighting over a shell, just much 35 . Adults say they are fighting wars in order to solve problems and make peace. But can you really “make peace” by killing so many people? I don’t think bombs(炸弹) can reach 36 hearts and change them. Bombs can’t 37 love and caring, and that’s what we need in the world. Why can’t adults use their 38 and talk it over? Adults might say that things are not that easy. But they are the 39 that teach us to be kind, not to hurt people and not to kill. Why don’t they act as what they say? 【答案】 30．are taught 31．winning 32．agreement 33．countries 34．homeless 35．bigger 36．people’s 37．create 38．wisdom 39．ones 【知识点】社会关系、国家与民族、教育、哲理感悟 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者对于暴力和战争的看法。 30．句意：我们在家和在学校都被教育使用暴力是最不文明的行为。根据后文的举例结合备选词汇可知，此处应表示“被教”，因此选单词“teach”，主语“We”和“teach”之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态，而且时态为一般现在时，因此“teach”变为“are taught”。故填are taught。 31．句意：上周我们在海滩上玩的时候，为了赢得一个漂亮的贝壳，我在考虑要打我的朋友。根据后面搭配的名词短语“a beautiful shell”结合备选词汇可知，此处应表达“赢得贝壳”，因此选动词“win”，前面是介词“for”，因此动词要变为动名词“winning”。故填winning。 32．句意：取而代之的是我和他交谈了，后来我们达成了协议。根据搭配动词“came to”结合备选词汇可知，此处应表达“达成协议”，因此选“agree”，并且此处需要名词形式“agreement”。故填agreement。 33．句意：为什么在家，在学校或者在自己的国家内使用暴力就不可以，而在国家与国家之间就可以？根据前面句子“When two countries disagree, they often fight a war, like Russia and Ukraine.”提示结合备选词汇可知，此处表达“国家之间”，因此选“country”，因为有“between”，因此要变为复数形式“countries”。故选countries。 34．句意：同时，有些人不得不被迫离开自己的国家，变得无家可归。根据前文“some people have to be forced to leave their own country”结合备选词汇可知，此处表示“无家可归”，因此选“home”，并且变为形容词“homeless”。故填homeless。 35．句意：战争是很大的暴力，就像两个人为了贝壳打架一样，只是要更大一些。根据前文“A war is a great violence, like two people fighting over a shell”结合空前修饰词“much”及备选词汇可知，此处应用比较级，表示“更大”，因此选单词”big”并且变为比较级“bigger”。故填bigger。 36．句意：我认为炸弹不能到达人们的心里而且改变他们。根据被修饰的名词“hearts”结合备选词汇可知，应表示“人们的心里”，因此选词汇“people”，并且变成名词所有格“people’s”来修饰名词。故填people’s。 37．句意：炸弹不能创造爱和关怀，而那却正是我们世界所需要的。根据搭配的名词“love and caring”结合备选词汇可知，此处应表示“创造爱和关怀”，因此选单词“creative”，并且变为动词“create”，前面有情态动词“can”，用动词原形即可。故填create。 38．句意：为什么成人不能用他们的智慧谈话解决呢？根据后文“ talk it over”结合备选词汇可知，此处应表达“使用智慧解决”，因此选单词“wise”，并且变为名词“wisdom”。故填wisdom。 39．句意：但是他们却是教我们要善良，不要伤害别人，不要杀戮的那些人。根据句子结构可知，此处需要可做主语的代词代指人，结合备选词汇可知应选“first”并且变为“one”用在代词，结合主语“they”可知，代指复数，需变为“ones”。故填ones。 五、补全对话 在对话空格中填上适当的单词，使对话完整正确。一空一词（含缩写词）。 A: Hey, David. What TV shows are you watching these days? B: Hi, Jim. I’m interested in news these days. I like to know what’s 40 around the world. A: Well, a lot of things caught our attention. Many people are talking about the war between Israel and Palestine (巴以战争). B: Yeah. The war is now a hot topic. I feel sad to see so many people die or lose their homes. And what makes me even 41 is kids’ deaths. I couldn’t help crying when I saw the pictures on TV. I 42 saw a father try to save his daughter from the fallen building, but sadly his daughter was dead when he found her. The helpless father could do 43 but cry with the dead body in his arms. A: I 44 the same. I don’t think Israeli army should bomb the schools and hospitals where there are lots of children. B: I agree. In an interview, a boy in Palestine told a reporter that the kids like him had 45 hope to grow up in the country because of the endless war. How they wish 46 could stop the war, but it seems that the whole world are just watching without saying or doing anything. B: In fact, a lot of people in the world are helping them in their own ways, but it’s not easy. A: I’m 47 why the two countries fight for so many years. B: It’s complicated (复杂). There are many reasons, such as religions (宗教), history, culture and so on. A: How lucky we are to live in China. China is one of the 48 countries in the world. People are not afraid to go out at night.  So it’s everyone’s duty to build and guard China. When I grow up, I want to be a soldier. What about you? B: I want to be a scientist working on chemistry. A: Hope our dreams can come 49 . 【答案】 40．happening 41．sadder 42．ever/once 43．nothing 44．feel/felt 45．little/no 46．someone/somebody 47．wondering 48．safest 49．true 【知识点】国际事务、意愿和打算、判断与评价 【导语】本文是A，B两个人的对话，由最近正在看的电视节目引出他们对战争与和平的看法，并许下愿望未来要做什么样的人。 40．根据上文“I’m interested in news these days.”可知，新闻在讲述每天发生了什么，可用happen表示“发生”；由“what’s”可知其后应使用现在分词形式。故填happening。 41．根据上文“I feel sad to see so many people die or lose their homes.”可知，说话人对战争很伤心，由“And what makes me even”可知，even表示程度更深，应使用sad的比较级。故填sadder。 42．根据下文“saw a father try to save his daughter from the fallen building, but sadly his daughter was dead when he found her”可知，说话人在举例子介绍他之前看到过的照片之一，可用ever或once表示。故填ever/once。 43．根据“helpless”可知，父亲很无助，什么都做不了，只有哭，do nothing but ...为固定搭配，表示“什么都做不了，只有……”。故填nothing。 44．根据下文“I don’t think Israeli army should bomb the schools and hospitals where there are lots of children.”可知，A的感受与观点和B一样，一般现在时或一般过去时均可。故填feel/felt。 45．根据下文“because of the endless war”可知，战争不断使这个国家的孩子们几乎没有长大的希望。故填little/no。 46．根据下文“but it seems that the whole world are just watching without saying or doing anything”可知，前后句意转折，后半句说所有人只是在看没有人真正帮他们，则前句表明他们希望有人可以停止这场战争，应用不定代词。故填someone/somebody。 47．根据下文“why the two countries fight for so many years”可知，本句为宾语从句，在对两国战争持续时间之久表示疑惑，wonder表示“想知道”；由“I’m”可知，应使用现在分词形式。故填wondering。 48．根据上文“How lucky we are to live in China.”可知，中国很安全，A表示生在中国很幸运；“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 范围”为固定结构，意为“……中最……的”。故填safest。 49．根据上文“dreams”可知，这里指梦想成真，come true为固定搭配，意为“实现”。故填true。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$