考前押题04 完形填空6大常考话题（期中专项训练）九年级英语上学期新教材鲁教版五四学制

考前押题04 完形填空6大常考话题 话题1 科技与发明（常考点） 话题2 航天与航空（常考点） 话题3 音乐与舞蹈 话题4 体育精神 （难点） 话题5 传统节日（难点） 话题6 历史与考古 1. 通读全文（跳过空），把握主旨 不要一上来就做题！快速读一遍，知道故事：人物、时间、起因结果、感情基调（积极/消极）。很多空要看后文才能选。 2. 逐空做题，先易后难 简单题：固定搭配、语法、词义一眼确定，直接选； 难题：标记，先跳过，读完后文信息再回头做。 3. 结合上下文找线索（完形最重要！） 答案线索绝大多数不在本句，在前一句、后一句，甚至下一段。 4. 全部做完，回读复查 把选项代入全文完整读一遍，检查：逻辑通顺、时态一致、主谓一致、词义通顺。 话题1 科技与发明（共3篇） Passage 1 I have invented robots which improve the work of cars. My love of making things began 1 I was a kid. I really became excited about inventing after I learned about Thomas Edison. One day in fourth grade, our 2 gave us a project in class. We had to write to a company and learn about the products. I thought and thought. 3 I chose the Thomas A．Edison Company. Soon after, the company sent me a book about the life of Thomas Edison. How I enjoyed reading and re-reading about his 4 ! I like the recorded sound and the electric light most. The inventions were clearly printed on my brain. My dad noticed my interest in inventing and 5 me. He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and then into new things. Once, 6 my father’s surprise, I made a model plane by myself. Later, we found a 7 model plane in a store. I learned that different inventors often invent similar things. It is not unusual for this to happen. I also learned that not all great ideas 8 . Failure is a common part of the inventing. As my father and I worked together, I began to realize that my dad was quite an inventor himself. He was always 9 a better way to do a simple job. His guiding hands, together with my 10 in inventing, led me to become an engineer and an inventor. Of course, I also thank Thomas Edison. He is my hero. 1．A．before B．after C．when D．until 2．A．customer B．teacher C．inventor D．engineer 3．A．Easily B．Finally C．Safely D．Quickly 4．A．lights B．projects C．popularity D．inventions 5．A．mistook B．doubted C．chose D．encouraged 6．A．with B．about C．to D．in 7．A．different B．similar C．large D．sudden 8．A．work B．fail C．trade D．end 9．A．looking at B．looking for C．looking after D．looking through 10．A．habit B．story C．interest D．List 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己从小热爱发明，受爱迪生的影响，再加上父亲的鼓励，最终成为工程师和发明家的成长经历。 1．句意：我对制作东西的热爱在我还是个孩子的时候就开始了。 本处讲述爱好开始的时间，when意为“当……时候”，用来引导时间状语从句；before“在……之前”，after“在……之后”，until“直到”，都不符合儿时就萌生热爱的上下文语境。因此填when。 2．句意：四年级的一天，我们的老师在课堂上给我们布置了一项任务。 根据“in class”可知，课堂布置作业，判断主体是老师，teacher意为“老师”；customer“顾客”，inventor“发明家”，engineer“工程师”，和课堂布置作业的场景不匹配。因此填teacher。 3．句意：最后我选择了托马斯•A•爱迪生公司。 前文“I thought and thought”说明反复思考之后有了决定，Finally意为“最后，最终”；Easily“轻易地”，Safely“安全地”，Quickly“快速地”，体现不出反复思索之后的结果。因此填Finally。 4．句意：我十分喜欢反复阅读关于他的发明的内容。 下文列举“the recorded sound and the electric light”都是爱迪生的发明，inventions意为“发明物”；lights“灯”只是其中一项，projects“项目”，popularity“人气”，不能概括他的各类创造。因此填inventions。 5．句意：我的爸爸注意到我对发明的兴趣并且鼓励我。 后文写爸爸教我把想法变成实物，可以看出父亲是支持我的，encouraged意为“鼓励”；mistook“弄错”，doubted“怀疑”，chose“选择”，和父亲支持引导我的前后文逻辑相悖。因此填encouraged。 6．句意：有一次，令我爸爸惊讶的是，我独自做出了一架飞机模型。 联系前后文，前文父亲教会我把想法变为实物，后文写我独立完成飞机模型，这件事出乎父亲意料。固定搭配to one’s surprise意为“令某人惊讶的是”，这里只能用介词to；with“和……一起”，about“关于”，in“在……里面”，均无法构成这个固定短语。因此填to。 7．句意：后来，我们在一家商店里发现了一架相似的飞机模型。 下文“I learned that different inventors often invent similar things”，后文直接点明不同发明家经常发明相似物品，similar意为“相似的”；different“不同的”，large“大的”，sudden“突然的”，和后文的观点对应不上。因此填similar。 8．句意：我也了解到并不是所有好的想法都能奏效。 后一句“Failure is a common part of the inventing”说明失败是发明中很常见的部分，work意为“起作用，奏效”；fail“失败”，trade“交易”，end“结束”，不符合“想法不一定成功”的句意。因此填work。 9．句意：他总是在寻找做简单工作的更好方法。 前文说父亲本身也算一位发明家，发明家会不断找寻更好的办法，looking for意为“寻找”；looking at“看”，looking after“照顾”，looking through“浏览”，不符合语境。因此填looking for。 10．句意：他的指导，加上我对发明的兴趣，促使我成为一名工程师和发明家。 全文开篇就提到我热爱制作，对发明抱有兴趣，interest意为“兴趣”；habit“习惯”，story“故事”，list“清单”，不能表达我对发明的这份热爱。因此填interest。 Passage 2 （25-26济南九年级期中考试） The first computers were made in the 1930s and 1940s. They were often the 1 of a room. And they were 2 programmed to do math problems. They were very important for businesses 3 they could work out very difficult problems again and again, without making 4 . In the 1970s, there were 5 computers. People bought computers for 6 homes. The computers didn’t have a mouse (鼠标), but the keyboard was used to 7 the computer what to do. When the first computer games were 8 in the 1980s, people could use computers for 9 as well as for work. During the 1980s and 1990s, computers 10 speakers and color screens were put on sale, and people could play more exciting 11 . In the 1990s, a revolution (大变革) in communication 12 . People could use computers to talk with family and friends, and businesses could sell products all over the world 13 and easily. Computers are now also used for shopping, watching 14 movie, and downloading music. And in the future we will have small computers you can put in your pocket, and 3D computers for 15 movies and gaming experiences. 1．A．color B．sound C．height D．size 2．A．never B．hardly C．ever D．usually 3．A．because B．if C．when D．after 4．A．marks B．mistakes C．accidents D．notes 5．A．longer B．heavier C．smaller D．larger 6．A．my B．his C．her D．their 7．A．teach B．tell C．help D．guard 8．A．built B．packed C．requested D．sold 9．A．healthy B．fun C．money D．safety 10．A．for B．to C．with D．from 11．A．songs B．sports C．balls D．games 12．A．took after B．took off C．took place D．took out 13．A．quickly B．suddenly C．happily D．carefully 14．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 15．A．active B．scary C．local D．Amazing 【答案】 1．D 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．A 15．D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了计算机的发展进程及其不同阶段的应用。 1．句意：它们通常有一个房间那么大。 color颜色；sound声音；height高度；size尺寸。根据“of a room”可知，此处指电脑的尺寸。故选D。 2．句意：它们通常被编程去做数学题。 never从不；hardly几乎不；ever曾经；usually通常。根据下文介绍可知，此处表示肯定，说明计算机经常被用来解决数学问题，因此usually符合语境。故选D。 3．句意：它们对企业非常重要，因为它们可以一次又一次地解决非常困难的问题，而不会出错。 because因为；if如果；when当……时候；after在……以后。根据“they could work out very difficult problems again and again”可知，前后句意是因果关系，because符合前后语境。故选A。 4．句意：它们对企业非常重要，因为它们可以一次又一次地解决非常困难的问题，而不会出错。 marks标志；mistakes错误；accidents意外事故；notes笔记。根据“They were very important for businesses”可知，此处指计算机可以反复计算而且不出错误。故选B。 5．句意：在20世纪70年代，有更小的电脑。 longer更长；heavier更重；smaller更小；larger更大。根据前文介绍计算机和房间一样大，随着发展，计算机应该越来越小。故选C。 6．句意：人们把电脑买回家。 my我的；his他的；her她的；their他们的。根据“People”可知，此处用their。故选D。 7．句意：电脑没有鼠标，但键盘用来告诉电脑该做什么。 teach教；tell告诉；help帮助；guard警卫。根据“the computer what to do”可知，此处指告诉电脑做什么。故选B。 8．句意：20世纪80年代，当第一款电脑游戏开始出售时，人们可以把电脑用于娱乐和工作。built建造；packed打包；requested请求；sold售卖。根据“people could use computers for... as well as for work”可知，此处指电脑游戏被销售。故选D。 9．句意：20世纪80年代，当第一款电脑游戏开始出售时，人们可以把电脑用于娱乐和工作。healthy健康的；fun有趣；money钱；safety安全。根据“the first computer games”可知，人们可以玩电脑游戏，此处指娱乐。故选B。 10．句意：在80年代和90年代，带扬声器和彩色屏幕的电脑开始销售，人们可以玩更刺激的游戏。 for为；to到，往；with带有；from从……。根据“computers ... speakers and color screens”可知，此处指带有扬声器和彩色屏的电脑，with符合语境。故选C。 11．句意：在80年代和90年代，带扬声器和彩色屏幕的电脑开始销售，人们可以玩更刺激的游戏。 songs歌曲；sports运动；balls球；games游戏。根据“speakers and color screens”可知，此处指电脑游戏。故选D。 12．句意：20世纪90年代，通信领域发生了一场革命。 took after与……相像；took off起飞；took place发生；took out取出。根据“a revolution (大变革) in communication”可知，此处指电脑时代发生了大的革命。故选C。 13．句意：人们可以使用电脑与家人和朋友交谈，企业可以快速轻松地在世界各地销售产品。quickly快速地；suddenly突然地；happily快乐地；carefully小心地。根据前文及“could sell products all over the world ... and easily.”可知，电脑革命后，企业可以快速轻松地在全世界销售商品。故选A。 14．句意：电脑现在也用于购物、看电影和下载音乐。 a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，那个；/不填。此处泛指一场电影，movie是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故选A。 15．句意：未来，我们将有可以放在口袋里的小型电脑，以及用于观看精彩电影和游戏体验的3D电脑。 active积极的；scary吓人的；local地方的；amazing神奇的。此处描述未来用3D电脑观看电影，应该更加精彩。故选D。 Passage 3 Chen Xinyi, a 16-year-old student from Shenzhen, is an excellent young inventor. When she was in Grade 7, she 1 that her grandmother had difficulty holding chopsticks because of arthritis (关节炎). Chen decided to design a special pair of chopsticks to help her. After months of hard work, she 2 a prize in a national youth invention competition. Her invention was widely praised. Later, Chen noticed that many elderly people in her neighbourhood had trouble walking upstairs. She 3 an idea for a lightweight, foldable walking aid that could be carried like a small bag. This 4 allows them to rest whenever they feel tired. Chen’s 5 invention is a smart pillow that can play soft music and help people relax. It is 6 used in some local nursing homes. “I want my inventions to bring comfort to people,” Chen said. She was 7 one of the most creative teenagers in her city. She also encourages her classmates to 8 new ideas and turn them into reality. “Don’t be afraid of failure,” she said. “Every great invention started as a simple idea. We should try our best to make a 9 to people’s lives.” Her story teaches us that with 10 and creativity, young people can also be inventors. 1．A．expected B．noticed C．improved D．believed 2．A．lost B．bought C．won D．supported 3．A．came up with B．gave up C．put off D．took away 4．A．position B．creation C．action D．suggestion 5．A．closest B．worst C．fastest D．latest 6．A．widely B．clearly C．carefully D．wisely 7．A．warned B．named C．trusted D．marked 8．A．keep away from B．think of C．run out of D．look up to 9．A．difference B．decision C．face D．living 10．A．fear B．luck C．perseverance D．silence 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了16岁深圳学生陈欣怡，一名优秀少年发明家。七年级时她注意到奶奶受关节炎困扰握筷子困难，于是设计特制筷子；之后她又发明轻便可折叠助行器，最新发明是可以播放轻音乐助眠的智能枕头，该枕头已经在当地养老院广泛使用。她被评为本市最具创造力青少年之一，鼓励同学们敢于思考新想法、不怕失败，用坚持和创造力，青少年也可以成为发明家。 1．句意：七年级的时候，她注意到奶奶因为关节炎握筷子很困难。 根据原文“her grandmother had difficulty holding chopsticks because of arthritis”，后文她决定设计特制筷子来帮助奶奶，说明是她观察留意到这个难题。noticed意为“注意到”，符合语境。expected“期待”、improved“改善”、believed“相信”均不符合上下文逻辑。 2．句意：经过数月努力，她在全国青少年发明比赛中赢得一个奖项。 根据原文“a prize in a national youth invention competition. Her invention was widely praised”，比赛之后发明广受赞誉，说明她获奖。won意为“赢得”，win a prize是固定搭配。lost“丢失”、bought“购买”、supported“支持”均不符合文意。 3．句意：她想出了一个轻便、可折叠助行器的点子，它可以像小包一样携带。 根据原文“an idea for a lightweight, foldable walking aid”，此处表示构思、想出新点子。came up with意为“想出”。gave up“放弃”、put off“推迟”、took away“拿走”均不符合语境。 4．句意：这项发明可以让他们感到疲惫时随时休息。 根据上文“an idea for a lightweight, foldable walking aid”，这里指代前面这个助行器发明。creation意为“发明物、创作”。position“位置”、action“行动”、suggestion“建议”不符合语境。 5．句意：陈的最新发明是一款智能枕头，它可以播放轻柔音乐，帮助人们放松。 前文已经讲过筷子、助行器两项发明，此处介绍下一个新的发明，latest意为“最新的”。closest“最近的（距离）”、worst“最差的”、fastest“最快的”均语义不通。 6．句意：它被广泛应用于当地一些养老院。 根据原文“used in some local nursing homes”，说明该智能枕头使用范围广。widely意为“广泛地”。clearly“清晰地”、carefully“仔细地”、wisely“明智地”不符合句子含义。 7．句意：她被评为本市最有创造力的青少年之一。 根据原文“one of the most creative teenagers in her city”，表达获评荣誉称号。named意为“被提名、被授予称号”。warned“警告”、trusted“信任”、marked“标记”不符合语境。 8．句意：她还鼓励同学们思考新想法，并且把想法变为现实。 根据原文“new ideas and turn them into reality”，要先思考出新想法再实现。think of意为“思考、想出”。keep away from“远离”、run out of“用完”、look up to“仰慕”不符合句意。 9．句意：我们应该尽最大努力给人们的生活带来改变。 固定搭配make a difference意为“产生影响，带来改变”，对应发明家做发明造福他人。difference“不同，改变”。decision“决定”、face“脸”、living“生计”不构成该固定短语。 10．句意：她的故事告诉我们，凭借毅力和创造力，年轻人也可以成为发明家。 前文“After months of hard work”以及“Don’t be afraid of failure”体现做发明需要不怕失败、持之以恒。perseverance意为“毅力，坚持不懈”。fear“恐惧”、luck“运气”、silence“沉默”不符合文章主旨。 话题2 航天与航空（共3篇） Passage 1 As humans began taking longer trips into space, eating and storing food became an important problem. The first person to go to space, Yuri Gagarin, was also the first to 1 there. His meal wasn’t very 2 because the food was put in a metal tube like toothpaste. It didn’t look or taste very good, but it showed that humans could eat in 3 . Later, American astronaut John Glenn discovered that eating in space was not as hard as people feared. However, there were only a few food 4 for them to choose from. Early astronauts had to eat small cubes of food, freeze-dried powders, and more food from tubes. They didn’t like the food 5 it looked strange. Also, small pieces of dry food could move around and 6 machines or even astronauts’ eyes. As space trips continued, space food was 7 . In the 1960s and 1970s, astronauts could use hot water to prepare their meals and eat with spoons. Later, when space stations were built, 8 improved greatly. Today, astronauts on the International Space Station have many kinds of food—they have dishes such as rice, noodles, fish, and fruit. However, until recently, no one actually cooked real food in space. Cooking in space is dangerous because fire and heat do not work the same way as they do on Earth. In November 2025, the situation became 9 in China’s Tiangong Space Station. Astronauts there used a special machine to cook food for the first time. They made barbecued chicken wings and beef. The machine can heat food to 190°C． It also keeps oil from 10 and prevents smoke. This success means astronauts can now enjoy cooked meals in space. It will make life among planets a little warmer and more like home. 1．A．sleep B．walk C．talk D．eat 2．A．pleasant B．cold C．simple D．bad 3．A．suits B．rockets C．space D．air 4．A．habits B．choices C．styles D．sizes 5．A．or B．so C．but D．because 6．A．start up B．turn off C．get into D．keep back 7．A．stored B．designed C．improved D．reduced 8．A．conditions B．relationships C．skills D．ecosystems 9．A．different B．clear C．difficult D．boring 10．A．shining B．returning C．catching D．spreading 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了太空食品从早期管状糊状食物到如今在空间站真实现煮的发展历程，以及中国天宫空间站首次实现太空烹饪的突破。 1．句意：第一个进入太空的人尤里·加加林也是第一个在那里吃饭的人。 上文提到吃和储存食物是重要问题，说明加加林是第一个“吃饭”的人，eat“吃饭”符合。sleep“睡觉”，walk“走路”，talk“说话”，均与食物问题无关。 2．句意：他的食物不太可口。 下文食物装在金属管里像牙膏，说明“不好吃”，pleasant“令人愉快的，可口的”符合，且为否定形式not very pleasant。cold“冷的”，simple“简单的”，bad“坏的”，均与口感描述不符。 3．句意：但它表明了人类可以在太空中进食。 上文在太空中吃饭，说明进食地点是“太空”，space“太空”符合。suits“套装”，rockets“火箭”，air“空气”，均与进食地点不符。 4．句意：然而，只有少数食物选择可供他们挑选。 上文说约翰·格伦发现吃饭没那么难，但可选食物很少，说明只有少数“选择”，choices“选择”符合。habits“习惯”，styles“风格”，sizes“尺寸”，均与可选种类不符。 5．句意：他们不喜欢这些食物，因为它们看起来奇怪。 前后句为因果关系，不喜欢“因为”奇怪，because“因为”符合。or“或者”表选择，so“所以”表结果，but“但是”表转折，均与因果逻辑不符。 6．句意：干粮的小碎片可能会四处飘动，进入机器甚至宇航员的眼睛。 上文干粮碎片会飘动，说明会“进入”机器和眼睛，get into“进入”符合。start up“启动”，turn off“关闭”，keep back“阻止”，均与进入机器不符。 7．句意：随着太空旅行的继续，太空食品得到了改进。 下文从用热水准备到种类增多，说明食品“改进”了，improved“改进”符合。stored“储存”，designed“设计”，reduced“减少”，均与进步不符。 8．句意：后来，当空间站建成时，条件大大改善了。 上文技术发展，空间站建成后生活和工作“条件”改善，conditions“条件”符合。relationships“关系”，skills“技能”，ecosystems“生态系统”，均与太空生活条件不符。 9．句意：2025年11月，中国天宫空间站的情况变得不同了。 下文首次用特殊机器烹饪，说明情况变得“不同”，different“不同的”符合。clear“清晰的”，difficult“困难的”，boring“无聊的”，均与突破性变化不符。 10．句意：这台机器还能防止油飞溅，并阻止烟雾产生。 太空失重环境中，烹饪时油烟会飞溅漫延，说明机器能防止油“飞溅”，spreading“扩散，飞溅”符合。shining“闪耀”，returning“返回”，catching“抓住”，均与油的行为不符。 Passage 2 “Professor (教授), will you be away for five months?” “Yes. But I’ll keep in touch with you from high in space. Make sure 1 hand in your papers on time!” This isn’t just a funny 2 . It is a real event (事件).One day, before China 3 the Shenzhou-16 into space, China published (公布) the names of its three astronauts. One of them is Gui Haichao. He is a thin man with glasses. And he also worked 4 a university (大学) professor. Gui showed a strong interest in science from an early age. One of his 5 books was The Encyclopedia (百科) for Children and Teenagers. He learned a lot about space from it. 6 , the more the boy learned about space, the more he wanted to know about it. In 2003, Yang Liwei became the first Chinese man to 7 into space. Gui was excited about the news. And he looked forward to 8 into space himself one day. With this dream in his 9 , he went to Beihang University to study space science. His 10 to go into space kept him moving forward. In 2017, at the age of only 31, he became one of the 11 space science professors in China. Gui never forgot his dream of going into space. He knew maybe this was the 12 way to study it. So when China asked university professors to join in space jobs in 2018, Gui signed up at once. The training was hard, but there was 13 that could stop him from making his dream come true. 14 amazing his journey is! Are you interested in space? If yes, you 15 study hard and believe in yourself. Maybe one day, you’ll watch your friends and us from somewhere high in space! 1．A．of B．to C．at D．with 2．A．story B．joke C．game D．lesson 3．A．sent B．send C．sends D．sending 4．A．for B．with C．as D．like 5．A．famous B．favorite C．popular D．successful 6．A．But B．However C．So D．Because 7．A．fly B．flying C．flew D．flies 8．A．go B．goes C．went D．going 9．A．heart B．home C．school D．body 10．A．wish B．question C．action D．plan 11．A．young B．younger C．youngest D．oldest 12．A．good B．better C．best D．only 13．A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 14．A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 15．A．need B．need to C．needs D．needn’t 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．A 11．C 12．C 13．C 14．B 15．B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了大学教授桂海潮从小热爱科学，怀揣梦想，通过不懈努力最终成为宇航员进入太空的励志故事。 1．句意：确保你们准时交论文！ 根据前文教授说会从太空保持联系，以及“hand in your papers”可知，此处表示“确保”学生们交论文，构成“make sure to do sth.”。to符合语境。of、at、with均不能与make sure构成此搭配。 2．句意：这不仅仅是一个有趣的笑话。 根据前文教授和学生之间的对话看似玩笑，但后文说这是真实事件可知，这不仅仅是一个“玩笑”。joke意为“玩笑”，符合语境。story意为“故事”，game意为“游戏”，lesson意为“课程”，均不符合语境。 3．句意：在中国将神舟十六号送入太空之前的一天，中国公布了三位宇航员的姓名。 根据句意，中国“发送”飞船进入太空，且描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时sent。send为原形，sends为第三人称单数，sending为现在分词，均不符合语境。 4．句意：他也是一名大学教授。 根据前文“One of them is Gui Haichao”以及后文“a university professor”可知，他是作为大学教授的身份工作。as意为“作为”，符合语境。for意为“为了”，with意为“和”，like意为“像”，均不符合语境。 5．句意：他最喜欢的书之一是《青少年儿童百科全书》。 根据前文他对科学表现出浓厚兴趣，以及后文他从中了解太空知识可知，这是他“最喜欢的”书。favorite意为“最喜欢的”，符合语境。famous意为“著名的”，popular意为“受欢迎的”，successful意为“成功的”，均不符合语境。 6．句意：然而，这个男孩了解的太空知识越多，他就越想了解它。 根据前文他喜欢百科全书了解太空，后文他越发感兴趣，前后为递进而非转折关系。however意为“然而”，符合语境。but意为“但是”，so意为“所以”，because意为“因为”，均不符合语境。 7．句意：杨利伟成为第一个飞入太空的中国人。 根据固定搭配“fly into space”意为“飞入太空”，且“to”后接动词原形。fly意为“飞行”，符合语境。flying为现在分词，flew为过去式，flies为第三人称单数，均不符合语境。 8．句意：他期待有一天自己能进入太空。 根据固定搭配“look forward to doing sth.”意为“期待做某事”，to为介词后接动名词。going意为“去”，符合语境。go为原形，goes为第三人称单数，went为过去式，均不符合语境。 9．句意：带着这个梦想在心中，他去了北京航空航天大学学习空间科学。 根据固定搭配“in his heart”意为“在他的心中”，符合语境。home意为“家”，school意为“学校”，body意为“身体”，均不符合语境。 10．句意：他进入太空的愿望让他不断前进。 根据前文桂海潮从小就梦想进入太空，以及后文他为此不断努力可知，这是他心中的“愿望”。wish意为“愿望”，符合语境。question意为“问题”，action意为“行动”，plan意为“计划”，均不符合语境。 11．句意：2017年，年仅31岁的他成为中国最年轻的空间科学教授之一。 根据“one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词”结构，以及年仅31岁可知，他是“最年轻的”教授之一。youngest意为“最年轻的”，符合语境。young为原级，younger为比较级，oldest意为“最年长的”，均不符合语境。 12．句意：他知道这可能是研究它的最好方式。 根据前文他从未忘记飞入太空的梦想，以及后文他报名参加航天员选拔可知，他认为这是“最好的”研究方式。best意为“最好的”，符合语境。good为原级，better为比较级，only意为“唯一的”，均不符合语境。 13．句意：训练很艰苦，但没有什么能阻止他实现梦想。 根据句意，没有什么能阻止他，应用否定词nothing。nothing意为“没有什么”，符合语境。anything意为“任何事”，something意为“某事”，everything意为“每件事”，均不符合语境。 14．句意：他的旅程多么令人惊叹啊！ 根据感叹句结构“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”且“amazing”为形容词，应用how引导。how符合语境。what后接名词，what a后接单数名词，how a不存在此结构，均不符合语境。 15．句意：如果答案是肯定的，你需要努力学习并相信自己。 根据句意，建议对方“需要”努力学习，且主语you为第二人称，应用need to。need为原形，needs为第三人称单数，needn’t意为“不需要”，均不符合语境。 Passage 3 Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet of the solar system (太阳系). It is 1 than the Earth with a diameter (直径) of 6,792 kilometres. If you stand on Mars and 2 the Sun, it will appear about half the size as we see it on the Earth. Mars is widely known as the 3 planet. Its red appearance is caused by the iron oxide (氧化铁) in the 4 . In many ways, Mars can be considered as the Earth’s 5 . On Mars’ surface, we have discovered the 6 mountain in the solar system. It is named Olympus Mons, and it is more than twice as 7 as the tallest mountain on the Earth. A 8 on Mars is also a little longer than a day on the Earth. It lasts about 24.6 9 . A year on Mars, however, or the time that takes for the red planet to 10 our Sun, lasts about 687 Earth days. That is almost 11 as long as a year on the Earth! In the 19th century, it was believed that 12 existed on Mars. An astronomer (天文学家) said that he “found” straight lines on 13 surface. Many people believed that 14 were the work of smart life as the straight lines were most likely to be canals for irrigation (灌溉渠). However, as more advanced telescopes (望远镜) were 15 , it was found that the straight lines were an optical illusion (视觉假象). To this day, humans are still trying to find out whether life exists on Mars. 1．A．brighter B．better C．smaller D．bigger 2．A．look at B．look for C．look up D．look after 3．A．blue B．red C．green D．white 4．A．air B．water C．sea D．ground 5．A．teacher B．mother C．brother D．father 6．A．tallest B．thinnest C．longest D．shortest 7．A．large B．high C．many D．wide 8．A．year B．month C．week D．day 9．A．seconds B．minutes C．hours D．decades 10．A．circle B．leave C．arrive D．come 11．A．once B．twice C．first D．second 12．A．life B．people C．animals D．plants 13．A．Earth’s B．Sun’s C．Mars’ D．Moon’s 14．A．this B．that C．these D．those 15．A．found B．made C．fallen D．Seen 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．A 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了火星的基本特征以及与地球的对比。 1．句意：火星是的直径为6,792公里，比地球的直径小。 brighter更明亮的；better更好的；smaller更小的；bigger更大的。根据“the second-smallest planet of the solar system”并结合常识可知，火星的直径比地球直径小。故选C。 2．句意：如果你站在火星上看太阳，它的大小大约是我们在地球上看到的一半。 look at看；look for寻找；look up查阅；look after照顾。根据“it will appear about half the size as we see it on the Earth.”可知是看太阳。故选A。 3．句意：火星被广泛称为红色星球。 blue蓝色的；red红色的；green绿色的；white白色的。根据“Its red appearance”可知火星呈“红色”。故选B。 4．句意：它的红色外观是由地下的氧化铁引起的。 air空气；water水；sea海；ground土地。根据“the iron oxide (氧化铁) in the”可知火星红色外观是土地里的氧化铁引起。故选D。 5．句意：在许多方面，火星可以被认为是地球的兄弟。 teacher老师；mother妈妈；brother兄弟；father爸爸。根据后文的对比“and it is more than twice as…as the tallest mountain on the Earth. A…on Mars is also a little longer than a day on the Earth.”可知，这里把地球和火星比作兄弟。故选C。 6．句意：在火星表面，我们发现了太阳系中最高的山。 tallest最高的；thinnest最瘦的；longest最长的；shortest最短的。根据“and it is more than twice as…as the tallest mountain on the Earth.”可知指“最高的山”。故选A。 7．句意：它被命名为奥林匹斯山，高度是地球上最高山峰的两倍多。 large大的；high高的；many许多；wide宽的。此处比较山的高度。故选B。 8．句意：火星上的一天也比地球上的一天长一点。 year年；month月；week周；day天。根据“than a day”可知，此处对比“一天”的时长。故选D。 9．句意：持续时间约24.6小时。 seconds秒；minutes分钟；hours小时；decades十年。根据“than a day”可知，此处对比“一天”的时长，单位应为小时。故选C。 10．句意：然而，在火星上的一年，或者说这颗红色行星绕太阳一周所需的时间，大约相当于687个地球日。 circle围绕，环行；leave离开；arrive到达；come来。此处指火星围绕太阳运动，应用circle。故选A。 11．句意：这几乎是地球上一年的两倍！ once一次；twice两次，两倍；first第一；second第二。根据“687 Earth days.”可知是地球上一年的两倍。故选B。 12．句意：在19世纪，人们认为火星上存在生命。 life生命；people人们；animals动物；plants植物。根据“the work of smart life as the straight lines were most likely to be canals for irrigation”可知，人们认为火星上存在生命。故选A。 13．句意：一位天文学家说，他在火星表面“发现”了直线。 Earth’s地球的；Sun’s太阳的；Mars’火星的；Moon’s月球的。根据“on Mars”可知，此处在说火星。故选C。 14．句意：许多人认为，这是智慧生命的成果，因为直线最有可能是灌溉渠。 this这个；that那个；these这些；those那些。此处指代前文中的straight lines，表示远指，用those。故选D。 15．句意：然而，随着更先进的望远镜被制做出来，人们发现直线是一种视错觉。 found发现；made制做；fallen落下；seen看见。根据“more advanced telescopes”可知是指制做望远镜。故选B。 话题3 音乐与舞蹈（共2篇） Passage 1 One can’t discuss Chinese music without mentioning the guqin, one of the four arts—along with Go, calligraphy (书法) and painting. It first appeared over 3,000 years ago and stands for China’s 1 solo (独奏) musical instrument. At first, the guqin had only five strings, meaning the five elements of metal, 2 , water, fire and earth. Later, in the Zhou Dynasty, King Wen of Zhou added a 3 string for his son. King Wu of Zhou added a seventh string to encourage 4 army to fight with the Shang. Ancient people believed that the ambience (环境) was important in 5 the guqin. Usually, it was practiced in a quiet setting and never for the public 6 . Ancient artists enjoyed performing by a stream (小溪) in the 7 . The sound of the guqin mixed with the echoes (回音) from the mountains, until the musician felt he was at one 8 nature. Playing it in snow was also an enjoyable activity for ancient artists 9 believed the instrument was the purest of its kind in the world. Also, a night with moonlight was 10 wonderful for playing the guqin. Wang Wei (701-761), a highly 11 man of the Tang Dynasty, liked playing it in a bamboo forest on nights with moonlight most. The guqin pieces are usually three to eight minutes long, with the 12 being Guangling Verse, which is about 23 minutes long. Other famous pieces include The Plum Blossom Melody Play Three Times, Wild Geese Landing on the Sandbank and Eighteen Songs of a Nomad Flute. Nowadays, there are only fewer than one thousand well-trained guqin players 13 perhaps no more than fifty living masters. The original number of several thousand pieces has 14 reduced (减少) to only one hundred works by today. So 15 those who keep this art alive. The guqin and its music were added to the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (非遗) in 2003. 1．A．central B．traditional C．medical D．meaningless 2．A．silver B．gold C．wood D．stone 3．A．seventh B．fourth C．fifth D．sixth 4．A．my B．her C．his D．their 5．A．making B．teaching C．playing D．studying 6．A．performance B．meeting C．speech D．sports 7．A．houses B．mountains C．cities D．stores 8．A．about B．under C．with D．for 9．A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 10．A．considered B．described C．expected D．reported 11．A．strict B．gifted C．honest D．brave 12．A．youngest B．oldest C．shortest D．longest 13．A．because B．so C．but D．and 14 ．A．greatly B．heavily C．suddenly D．slowly 15 ．A．laugh at B．depend on C．look down on D．hats off to 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．D 14．A 15．D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍古琴的历史、结构、演奏环境及曲目，说明其文化价值与传承现状，并提及它被列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。 1．句意：它三千多年前首次出现，是中国代表性传统独奏乐器。 根据“over 3,000 years ago”可知，古琴历史悠久，是“传统的”乐器，选traditional。 2．句意：最初古琴只有五根弦，代表五行：金、木、水、火、土。 根据中国古代五行学说（金木水火土），空缺处是“木”，对应wood。 3．句意：后来周朝周文王为他的儿子加了第六根弦。 根据上下文，最初五根弦，后文周武王再加第七根，此处指周文王加的弦，应为第六根，选sixth。 4．句意：周武王增加第七根弦，来鼓舞他的军队对抗商朝。 主语King Wu of Zhou（周武王，男性），对应形容词性物主代词his“他的”。 5．句意：古人认为环境对于弹奏古琴十分重要。 根据后文“Playing it”可知，此处指“演奏”古琴，用play，介词in后用动名词playing。 6．句意：通常人们在安静环境弹奏，从不公开演出。 弹琴属于表演，public performance表示“公开表演”，且与前文quiet setting形成对比。 7．句意：古代文人喜欢在山间小溪边弹奏。 根据后文“echoes from the mountains”可知，地点是mountains。 8．句意：古琴的琴声和山间的回音交融在一起，乐师心中顿感自己与自然融为一体。 固定搭配at one with nature意为“与自然融为一体”，介词用with。 9．句意：在雪中弹奏也是古代文人喜爱的乐事，他们认为古琴是世间最纯粹的乐器。 定语从句先行词是“ancient artists”（人），从句缺主语，用关系代词who；which指代物，whom只能作宾语，whose表所属，均排除。 10．句意：此外，有月光的夜晚被认为是弹奏古琴绝佳的时刻。 be considered wonderful是固定用法，意为“被认为是美妙的”；described“描述”，expected“期待”，reported“报道”均不符合语义。 11．句意：唐代极富天赋的文人王维，最喜欢在月夜竹林中弹古琴。 王维是著名诗人音乐家，用gifted“有天赋的”形容其才华，符合事实。 12．句意：古琴曲大多时长3至8分钟，《广陵散》是最长的，约23分钟。 前文提到通常3至8分钟，而《广陵散》23分钟，显然是“最长的”，用longest。 13．句意：如今受过专业训练的古琴演奏者不足千人，在世大师或许不超过五十位。 前后两个并列成分陈述古琴传承人数稀少，用连词and连接。 14．句意：原本数千首曲目，如今大幅缩减至仅百首作品。 从几千首到一百首，数量变化巨大，用greatly“大幅度地”修饰reduced最合适。 15．句意：所以我们向坚守、传承这门艺术的人致敬。 鉴于古琴传承不易，应对传承者表示尊敬，hats off to意为“向……致敬”，符合赞美传承者的文意；laugh at“嘲笑”，depend on“依靠”，look down on“轻视”均不符合 Passage 2 In a small rural (乡村的) school in Hubei Province, there is a great choir (合唱团). It was started by a volunteer teacher, Wu Yuzheng, for left-behind children. She wanted to 1 a choir after she got there. Yet, when she met the children, her dream of music seemed almost 2 . Even sixth-graders couldn’t sing a complete song. She chose 28 students, but some left later because of schoolwork. Finally, about 20 students stayed. Then, 3 followed. The school had no special classrooms. And Wu and the headmaster had to 4 music stands and a keyboard with their own money. One day, Wu saw the students practicing 5 , though there was no practice planned. She was so moved that she 6 to take them to perform in the city. As they prepared for the performance, a new problem 7 . The 100-yuan performance clothes were expensive for rural families. One child even considered leaving the choir. To get the parents’ 8 , Wu let the parents hear the children sing. The parents were deeply touched by the kids’ beautiful voices, and they all agreed to buy the clothes. On the performance day, they stepped onto the “city school” stage they had long dreamed of. They were 9 , but they performed well. When Wu’s one-year stay was over, she went back to the city. Her rural 10 showed that music belongs to everybody. Wu now tries to let every child enjoy music. 1．A．set up B．put up C．take up D．pick up 2．A．real B．perfect C．small D．impossible 3．A．changes B．surprises C．activities D．challenges 4．A．buy B．send C．find D．make 5．A．quickly B．carefully C．slowly D．finally 6．A．refused B．regretted C．promised D．agreed 7．A．stopped B．failed C．remained D．appeared 8．A．care B．advice C．support D．service 9．A．embarrassed B．nervous C．proud D．relaxed 10．A．task B．moment C．trip D．Experience 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述志愿者吴雨筝老师为乡村留守儿童组建合唱团，克服困难带他们进城演出，诠释出音乐平等且惠及每一个人的真谛。 1．句意：她到那里后想要建立一个合唱团。 根据“a choir”及语境可知，建立组织或团体常用“set up”。“put up”意为张贴，“take up”意为占据；“pick up”意为捡起，都不符合题意。 2．句意：然而，当她见到孩子们时，她的音乐梦想似乎几乎不可能。 根据“Even sixth-graders couldn’t sing a complete song.”可知，学生基础差，梦想看似不可能实现，“impossible”意为“不可能的”，符合题意。 3．句意：随后挑战接踵而至。 根据后文的“The school had no special classrooms.”及“with their own money”可知，学校没有音乐教室、老师需要自费买物资，这些都是面临的困难和挑战，“challenges”意为“挑战”，符合题意。 4．句意：吴老师和校长不得不自掏腰包买乐谱架和键盘。 根据“with their own money”可知，用自己的钱通常是购买物品，“buy”意为“买”，符合题意。 5．句意：一天，尽管没有训练安排，吴老师看到学生认真练习。 根据“She was so moved...”可知，老师感动于孩子的练习，那孩子们一定练习很认真，“carefully”意为“仔细地”，符合题意。 6．句意：她深受感动，承诺带他们去城里演出。 根据“take them to perform in the city”可知，老师被感动后会主动给予学生去城里表演的机会，“promised”意为“承诺”，符合题意。 7．句意：准备演出时，一个新问题出现了。 根据“The 100-yuan performance clothes were expensive for rural families.”可知，准备过程中新问题产生，“appeared”意为“出现”，符合题意。 8．句意：为了获得家长的支持，吴老师让家长听孩子唱歌。 根据后文“agreed to buy the clothes”可知，老师需要家长在经济和精神上的支持，“support”意为“支持”，符合题意。 9．句意：他们很紧张，但表演得很好。 根据“but they performed well”及初次登台语境，紧张是正常反应，与表演好形成转折，“nervous”意为“紧张的”，符合题意。 10．句意：她的乡村经历表明音乐属于每个人。 通读全文可知，本文讲述了吴老师一年的支教故事，这是她的一段宝贵经历，“experience”意为“经历”，符合题意。 话题4 体育精神（共2篇） Passage 1 When the bell rang, Matt entered the classroom with a 1 heart. “Hey, Matt,” his best friend Tom greeted him. He and Tom were in the school’s 2 team. “Why the long face? Are you still feeling 3 about Saturday night’s basketball game?” Tom asked. “Of course I am,” Matt said quietly. He didn’t dare to 4 Tom as he spoke. “I’m really sorry about 5 everybody down. The other team got those points because of me.” “Don’t be too hard on yourself!” Tom said. “Although you pushed their player, it was just an 6 . Everyone knows that!” Tom was a good friend. But Matt knew the 7 didn’t share Tom’s opinion. When the referee saw Matt push another player, he gave 8 team two free throws. Matt was as 9 as anyone else when the accident happened, but it was too late. He couldn’t take it back. “I guess we have to respect 10 decision,” Matt said after a while. “But we had a good chance to win until I made that 11 . Why wasn’t I more careful?” “Listen, Matt,” said Tom, “try to look on the bright side. The other team is the best in our area, but our scores were really close. I’m 12 of us, and I know our coach and everyone else in our school are as well.” Matt felt a bit better. “Thanks, Tom. I guess it’s just hard to lose.” “Hey, you can’t 13 them all,” said Tom. “It’s more important to learn from your mistakes so that you don’t repeat them in future. We’ll keep working 14 as a team. One for all, and all for one, right?” “You’re right. 15 we pull together, we should win next time,” Matt smiled. He was lucky to have a friend like Tom! 1．A．warm B．cool C．heavy D．light 2．A．soccer B．basketball C．volleyball D．baseball 3．A．blue B．lucky C．happy D．excited 4．A．look up B．look at C．look for D．look after 5．A．letting B．turning C．putting D．pushing 6．A．idea B．answer C．activity D．accident 7．A．coach B．referee C．teacher D．friend 8．A．another B．others C．other D．the other 9．A．shocked B．mad C．bored D．angry 10．A．my B．her C．his D．our 11．A．progress B．mistake C．decision D．noise 12．A．fond B．afraid C．proud D．tired 13．A．win B．want C．lose D．wonder 14．A．together B．alone C．late D．early 15．A．When B．As long as C．But D．Because 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．A 15．B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了校篮球队队员Matt因为在周六的比赛中犯规失分导致输球而内疚自责，好友Tom暖心开导并鼓励他吸取教训、齐心协作，最终帮助Matt重拾信心的故事。 1．句意：铃声响起时，Matt带着沉重的心情走进了教室。 Matt因为之前比赛的失误心情沉重，此处是固定搭配“with a heavy heart”，表示“心情沉重地”。warm表示“温暖的”，cool表示“凉爽的”，light表示“轻松的”，均与沮丧难过的氛围相悖。 2．句意：他和Tom都在学校的篮球队。 根据下文Tom所问“about Saturday night’s basketball game”可知，两人参加的是篮球比赛，属于学校篮球队，应用basketball修饰team。 3．句意：你还在为周六晚上的篮球赛感到难过吗？ 此处询问其是否仍处于沮丧之中，固定短语feel blue表示“感到忧伤，沮丧”。若用lucky表示“幸运的”，happy表示“高兴的”，excited表示“兴奋的”，均与愁眉苦脸的语境矛盾。 4．句意：他说话时不敢看着Tom。 Matt内心充满内疚，说话时不敢正视好友Tom，动词短语look at sb.表示“看着某人”。若用look up表示“抬头看或查阅”，look for表示“寻找”，look after表示“照顾”，均不合语境。 5．句意：我真的很抱歉让大家失望了。 Matt自责因为自己的失误导致丢分，此处考查固定搭配“let sb. down”，表示“让某人失望”，介词about后接动名词letting。若用turning、putting、pushing，均无法与down构成表示“使失望”的搭配。 6．句意：尽管你推了对方队员，但那只是一次意外。 Tom在开导Matt推人并非故意，应用accident表示“意外”。若用idea表示“主意”，answer表示“回答”，activity表示“活动”，均与犯规推人的语境无关。 7．句意：但Matt知道裁判并不赞同Tom的看法。 在场上判罚犯规的人是裁判，应用referee表示“裁判”。若用coach表示“教练”，teacher表示“老师”，friend表示“朋友”，均与做出判罚动作的角色不符。 8．句意：当裁判看到Matt推了另一名球员时，他判给对方球队两次罚球。 根据篮球比赛规则，场上只有两支球队，指代两者中的“另一方”且修饰单数名词team，应用the other；短语“the other team”表示“对方球队”。若用another用于三者或三者以上；others为代词不能接名词；other修饰复数名词，均不符。 9．句意：事故发生时，Matt和所有人一样感到震惊，但为时已晚。 推人纯属意外，事情突然发生时Matt自己也措手不及，应用shocked表示“震惊的”。若用mad表示“疯狂的”，bored表示“无聊的”，angry表示“生气的”，均无法体现意外发生时的惊愕状态。 10．句意：我想我们必须尊重他的决定。 代词he表明裁判为男性，此处指代裁判做出的判决，应用形容词性物主代词his。若用my表示“我的”，her表示“她的”，our表示“我们的”，均与指代对象不符。 11．句意：但在我犯那个错误之前，我们本来很有希望获胜。 此处是固定短语“make a mistake”，表示“犯错误”。若用progress表示“进步”，decision表示“决定”，noise表示“噪音”，均与后文反思“Why wasn’t I more careful?”不符。 12．句意：我为我们感到自豪，而且我知道我们的教练和学校里的其他所有人也是如此。 面对强敌比分依然咬得很紧，表现值得肯定，固定短语be proud of表示“为……感到自豪”。若用fond表示“喜爱的”，afraid表示“害怕的”，tired表示“疲倦的”，均不合语境。 13．句意：嗨，你不可能赢得所有的比赛。 Tom在安慰Matt输赢是常事，日常习语“you can’t win them all”表示“你不可能事事皆赢，胜败乃兵家常事”，动词应用win。若用want表示“想要”，lose表示“输掉”，wonder表示“想知道”，均无法表达此哲理。 14．句意：作为一支团队，我们将继续并肩作战。 此处强调团队齐心协作，短语work together表示“齐心协力，共同合作”。若用alone表示“独自”，late表示“迟”，early表示“早”，均与团队合作精神相悖。 15．句意：只要我们齐心协力，下次我们一定能赢。 空后“we pull together”是主句“we should win next time”成立的充分条件，应用短语As long as引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”。若用When表示时间；But表示转折；Because表示原因，均不如As long as符合条件假设的逻辑。 Passage 2 When my friend suggested that we join the new Tai Chi (太极拳) Club, I thought he was 1 . I always believed Tai Chi was for old people. However, after the first class, I 2 that I was wrong. It was amazing. Tai Chi led to a big 3 both in my body and mind. I 4 remember my first few Tai Chi classes. The basic skill I learned was keeping a balance (平衡). An action was called “golden rooster standing on one leg (金鸡独立)”. Following the instructions, I tried to 5 on one leg. It seemed that it was not a hard one, but I 6 many times. Soon, I felt bored and 7 from practicing over and over again. I started to 8 myself. Maybe I was really 9 in this kind of exercise. Just then, my coach taught me how to relax myself. Step by step, I made 10 . Later, I was able to do more difficult actions and feel peace of mind as well. My love for Tai Chi became 11 . I even wanted to look into the ancient Chinese culture behind Tai Chi. I discovered that Tai Chi is deeply rooted in Chinese yin and yang. The practice of it helps to keep a balance through 12 : left and right, up and down, breathing in and breathing out... Finally, Tai Chi brings about a state of body balance and 13 peace. Now I can honestly say it helps me become much 14 . I sleep better at night, and I’m more active during the day. More importantly, practicing Tai Chi has made me better 15 the Chinese culture. I’m sure I will continue to practice Tai Chi and enjoy the advantages it has brought me. 1．A．reading B．waiting C．joking D．explaining 2．A．dreamed B．realized C．forgot D．required 3．A．change B．love C．problem D．decision 4．A．hardly B．still C．never D．sometimes 5．A．sit B．lie C．jump D．stand 6．A．failed B．feared C．wished D．received 7．A．lazy B．tired C．afraid D．hungry 8．A．thank B．praise C．enjoy D．doubt 9．A．right B．strict C．weak D．interested 10．A．noise B．friends C．mistakes D．progress 11．A．quiet B．stronger C．strange D．important 12．A．parts B．chances C．opposites D．abilities 13．A．mind B．family C．world D．school 14．A．safer B．heavier C．prouder D．healthier 15．A．teach B．translate C．understand D．encourage 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．D 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者加入太极俱乐部的经历，从误解到热爱，太极改善了身心健康，也让他更深入理解了中国文化。 1．句意：当朋友建议加入太极俱乐部时，我以为他在开玩笑。 根据后文“I always believed Tai Chi was for old people.”可知，作者起初认为太极是老年人的运动，所以觉得朋友的建议是玩笑（joking）。 2．句意：然而，第一节课后，我意识到我错了。 根据后文“I was wrong”及“It was amazing”可知，作者通过体验意识到了（realized）之前的想法是错误的。 3．句意：太极让我的身心发生了巨大的改变。 根据“enjoy the advantages it has brought me”和后文描述作者身心状态的积极变化，可知作者的身心发生了改变（change）。 4．句意：我仍然记得最初的几节太极课。 根据“my first few Tai Chi classes”可知， 作者在回忆过去经历，still remember“依然记得”表示记忆清晰，符合叙事逻辑。 5．句意：按照指示，我试着单腿站立。 根据前文“golden rooster standing on one leg”可知，动作是单腿站立（stand）。 6．句意：看起来不难，但我失败了很多次。 根据转折词but及“I felt bored”可知，作者在练习过程中多次失败（failed）。 7．句意：很快，我感到厌倦和疲惫。 根据“from practicing over and over again”可知，反复练习会导致身体疲惫（tired）。 8．句意：我开始怀疑自己。 根据“from practicing over and over again”可知，前文多次失败、感到厌倦，作者自信心受挫，开始怀疑（doubt）自己。 9．句意：也许我在这种运动上真的很不擅长。 根据“I started to... myself.”可知，前文怀疑自己，作者认为自己能力不足。weak“弱的，不擅长的”符合，be weak in“在……薄弱”。 10．句意：一步一步地，我取得了进步。 根据后文“able to do more difficult actions”可知，作者能力提升了，取得了进步，make progress“取得进步”。 11．句意：我对太极的热爱变得愈发强烈。 根据“I even wanted to look into the ancient Chinese culture behind Tai Chi.”可知，作者对太极的热爱程度加深，stronger“更强烈的”能够形容热爱的程度变化。 12．句意：练习有助于通过对立面保持平衡。 根据后文“left and right, up and down”可知，这些都是对立面（opposites）。 13．句意：太极带来身体平衡和心灵宁静。 根据前文“peace of mind”及“body and mind”可知，此处指心灵（mind）平静。 14．句意：它帮助我变得更健康。 根据后文“sleep better... more active”可知，身体状况变好，即更健康（healthier）。 15．句意：练习太极让我更好地理解了中国文化。 根据前文“look into the ancient Chinese culture”可知，此处指对文化的理解（understand）加深。 话题5传统节日（共3篇） Passage 1 I just had my first Mid-Autumn Festival celebration in China. Exactly a week after arriving in China, I was kind of homesick. Memories of past 1 back in Serbia (塞尔维亚) always appeared in my mind. On the morning of Friday, September 25th, almost everyone on the campus (校园) was very 2 . Chinese students explained to us the importance of the festival and 3 the folk stories with us happily. At lunchtime, mooncakes were 4 . Then came the night. The full moon appeared: a huge bright ball high above the school. We all looked at it with 5 . With Serbian music playing on my headphones, I danced my way, lost in the wind, and forgot myself for a(n) 6 . As I went back into my room, my curious (好奇的) mind 7 me online. There I came across the poem Prelude to Water Melody (《水调歌头》), written by the well-known Chinese writer Su Dongpo. This poem described what he was 8 . Writing to his family, Su 9 what time it was back at home. I was also trying to find out what time it was back at home. In the end, Su asked his family to join him in 10 the moon on a clear night. What a way to finish! I hoped that my family were watching the 11 moon with me at the same time. And while we may be away from home, the 12 are still the most important to our life. As the 13 use the Mid-Autumn Festival to gather with the loved ones, the Serbian community also gets together, shares a meal and walks on the streets. Thanks to my Chinese friends, whose care made me and a crowd of other foreign students experience a(n) 14 Mid-Autumn Festival. Their 15 made us feel like we were at home. 1．A．collections B．experiences C．hobbies D．schools 2．A．happy B．interested C．careful D．crazy 3．A．began B．provided C．shared D．compared 4．A．missed B．treated C．showed D．offered 5．A．fear B．joy C．surprise D．shame 6．A．day B．night C．hour D．moment 7．A．hid B．pushed C．carried D．hit 8．A．going through B．looking through C．picking up D．eating up 9．A．answered B．discussed C．wondered D．explained 10．A．checking B．recording C．copying D．enjoying 11．A．small B．new C．cold D．full 12．A．family B．teachers C．classmates D．friends 13．A．Serbian B．English C．Chinese D．German 14．A．simple B．peaceful C．common D．unforgettable 15．A．ability B．kindness C．spirit D．attention 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了一位塞尔维亚留学生在中国首次度过中秋节的经历。通过对比中西习俗，表达了家人重要性及中国朋友的善意让他倍感温暖。 1．句意：过去在塞尔维亚的经历记忆浮现在脑海。 根据“homesick”（想家），可知是回忆过去的经历；collections收藏品，hobbies爱好，schools学校均不符合思乡回忆的语境；experiences“经历”指代从前在家乡过节的往事。 2．句意：9月25日周五早上，校园里几乎每个人都喜气洋洋。 后文大家分享节日故事、分发月饼，氛围愉悦，happy开心的；interested感兴趣的、careful细心的、crazy疯狂的均不贴合节日氛围。 3．句意：中国学生解释节日并快乐地分享民间故事。 shared sth. with sb.固定搭配“和某人分享某物”；began开始，provided提供，compared对比，均无法搭配folk stories。 4．句意：午餐时提供了月饼。 offer表示主动提供、分发；missed想念，treated对待，showed展示，不符合分发月饼的场景。 5．句意：我们满心欢喜地望着一轮圆月。 根据节日赏月的愉快情境，可知是带着喜悦。joy喜悦符合语境。 6．句意：耳机里放着塞尔维亚乐曲，我随风起舞，一时间忘却了烦恼。 for a moment固定短语“片刻、一瞬间”；day白天，night夜晚，hour小时，不符合此处短暂沉浸的状态。 7．句意：回到房间，好奇的心思驱使我上网查阅资料。 push sb. to do sth.“驱使某人做某事”；hid隐藏，carried携带，hit击打，均无法表达内心想法推动自己上网。 8．句意：这首词描写了他正在经历的心境。 go through经历（情绪、处境）贴合苏轼望月思乡的内心感受。 9．句意：他写信给家人，心中挂念家乡此刻是几点。 根据后文“trying to find out”，可知是想知道，wonder心里琢磨、想知道，对应作者好奇家乡时间的心理；answered 回答，discussed 讨论，explained 解释，均不符合语境。 10．句意：最后，苏轼期盼家人能与他共赏清朗夜空的明月。 根据中秋习俗“enjoy the moon”赏月；check检查，record记录，copy抄写，只有enjoy可搭配月亮表达观赏之意。 11．句意：我多希望此刻家人也和我一同望着这轮满月。 full moon固定搭配，满月，中秋月亮是圆月。 12．句意：即便我们身在异乡，家人依旧是生命中最重要的存在。 后文对比中国、塞尔维亚人中秋都与亲人相聚，核心主题是家人family；teachers老师、classmates同学、friends朋友，均偏离团圆主旨。 13．句意：就像中国人会借中秋与挚爱团聚，塞尔维亚社群也会聚餐、上街漫步。 后文对比本国习俗，此处指代中国人Chinese。 14．句意：感谢我的中国朋友，他们的关怀让我和其他外国学生拥有了一次难忘的中秋。 这次独特过节经历令作者印象深刻，unforgettable符合语境。 15．句意：他们的善意让我们仿佛置身家乡。 此处是对应前文同学分享故事、月饼、给予关怀的暖心举动，用kindness。 Passage2 The traditional Chinese Longtaitou Festival, or the Dragon Head-Raising Festival, 1 on the second day of the second lunar month every year. And it is the 2 of spring and farming. Ancient people 3 that after this day, the rainfall (降雨量) would increase because the rain-bringing Dragon King 4 from his winter sleep. A well-known phrase goes, “Er yue er, long tai tou, ” 5 on the second day of the second lunar month, the dragon 6 his head. The festival celebrates ancient agrarian (耕地的) Chinese culture. 7 some of the traditional ways to celebrate it are no longer practiced, others persist (持续存在) .   The most famous 8 is getting a haircut. Some people believe that going to the barber’s (理发店) on this day can bring them 9 luck, while getting a haircut during the 10 month of the lunar calendar brings bad luck.    11 saying warns that cutting your hair in the first month will have a bad effect on your uncle. Although today few pay attention to it, it was once a tradition to line up outside barber shops 12 the day of Longtaitou, having avoided haircuts in the first lunar month.   Eating chengyao cakes, which are 13 of sticky rice, during the festival is a tradition in Suzhou, China’s Jiangsu Province. As the saying goes, “If you eat chengyao cake on Longtaitou, your waist(腰) won’t 14 all year.” Meanwhile, other foods like dumplings, spring rolls and popcorn are named after the parts of a dragon’s 15 to mark the day. Noodles are dragons’ beards (longxu); dumplings are dragons’ ears(long’er); spring rolls are dragons’ scales(longlin); and popcorn is dragons’ seeds (longzi). 1．A．lives B．falls C．plays D．performs 2．A．start B．ending C．middle D．top 3．A．imagined B．believed C．finished D．hoped 4．A．put up B．woke up C．took up D．looked up 5．A．using B．raining C．meaning D．saying 6．A．lays B．carries C．brings D．raises 7．A．If B．And C．But D．Although 8．A．way B．tradition C．side D．history 9．A．good B．bad C．big D．small 10．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 11．A．Other B．Others C．The other D．Another 12．A．in B．on C．at D．after 13．A．heard B．ate C．made D．watched 14．A．hurt B．grow C．care D．involve 15．A．body B．voice C．mind D．brain 【答案】1．B　2．A　3．B　4．B　5．C　6．D　7．D　8．B　9．A　10．A　11．D　12．B　13．C　14．A　15．A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍中国传统节日二月二龙抬头，讲解节日时间、由来传说、各类传统习俗，包括理发、特色饮食及其背后民俗寓意。 1．句意：中国传统龙抬头节每年落在农历二月初二。 节日落在某一天固定用动词fall，fall on+日期表示“适逢 (某日)”；live“居住”、play“玩耍”、perform“表演”均不符合节日时间搭配。 2．句意：它是春天和农耕的开始。 结合常识，龙抬头寓意春耕开始。start表示“开端、起点”。ending“结尾、middle“中间”、top“顶端”语义不符。 3．句意：古人相信这一天后降雨量会增加。 根据“Ancient people believed that”，可知此处指信仰或观念，believe表示“相信某种说法”。imagine“想象”、finish“完成”、hope“希望”，不匹配民俗认知语境。 4．句意：因为掌管降雨的龙王从冬眠中苏醒。 根据“from his winter sleep”，可知指苏醒。wake up意为“醒来、苏醒”。put up“张贴/搭建”、take up“占据/开始”、look up“查阅/抬头看”均不贴合“结束冬眠”含义， 5．句意：有一句著名俗语“二月二，龙抬头”，意思是农历二月初二龙抬起了头。 mean动词意为“意思是”。此处用现在分词meaning作伴随状语，解释俗语的含义。using“使用”、raining“下雨”、saying“说”，逻辑不通。 6．句意：农历二月初二，龙抬起它的头。 根据“long tai tou”，可知动作是抬头。固定搭配raise one’s head“抬头”；lay“放置/下蛋”、carry“搬运”、bring“带来”无“抬起”含义。 7．句意：尽管部分传统庆祝方式已经不再流行，但还有一些保留了下来。 前后半句存在让步转折关系，although引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然、尽管”。if 引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”；and“并且”，but“但是”，不能放句首引导从句。 8．句意：最著名的传统是理发。 后文理发是节日专属民俗传统，tradition意为“传统习俗”。way“方式”、side“侧面”、history“历史”，不符合语境。 9．句意：有些人认为这天理发能带来好运。 后文对比正月理发走霉运，此处对应good luck“好运”。bad“坏的”、big“大的”、small“小的”语义相反。 10．句意：而农历正月理发会带来坏运气。 民俗说法正月 (农历第一个月) 理发不吉利，first month“正月”。second“二月”、third“三月”、fourth“四月”不符合民俗常识。 11．句意：另一种说法警示正月剪头发会对舅舅不利。 “saying”为可数名词单数，another后接单数可数名词，表示“另一个 (说法)”。other后必须接复数名词，others=other+复数名词，the other特指两者中另一个。 12．句意：过去人们会避开正月理发，等到龙抬头当天在理发店外排队。 “on the day of Longtaitou”指具体某一天，具体某一天前用介词on；in用于年月/泛指早中晚，at加具体时刻，after在……之后逻辑不符。 13．句意：吃撑腰糕是江苏苏州当地习俗，撑腰糕由糯米制成。 固定搭配be made of“由…… 制成”。hear“听见”、eat“吃”、watch“观看”，无法搭配 sticky rice。 14．俗话说：二月二吃撑腰糕，一年腰不疼。 民俗寓意吃糕护腰，hurt表示“疼痛、受伤”。grow“生长”、care“关心”、involve“包含”均不贴合“腰无病痛”的俗语含义。 15．句意：饺子、春卷、爆米花等食物都以龙身体部位命名来纪念这个节日。 后文龙须、龙耳、龙鳞、龙籽都属于龙的身体部位body。voice“嗓音”、mind“思想”、brain“大脑”，和食物命名逻辑无关。 Passage 3 The Torch Festival is 1 important traditional festival for the Yi people. It has a long history and is full of fun. Every year, people start preparing weeks before it comes. On the festival day, families 2 their houses and wear new clothes. The most exciting activity is lighting torches. Young people 3 torches made of wood and walk around the village. The bright fire 4 the night beautiful. Everyone sings and dances around the torches. Children love the festival too. They run after each other with small torches, laughing 5 . Old people sit together, telling stories about the festival’s origin. People also enjoy delicious food, like roasted meat and sweet cakes. I once joined the festival with a Yi friend. He 6 me how to make a small torch. It was not easy, 7 I tried my best. When the torches were lit, the whole village looked amazing. I felt so happy to be part of it. This year, I plan to go again. I hope to 8 more about Yi culture. The Torch Festival is not just 9 fun—it’s a time for people to show love for their traditions. I think everyone should experience it 10 least once. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．build B．clean C．leave D．sell 3．A．carry B．throw C．break D．burn 4．A．makes B．keeps C．finds D．wishes 5．A．sadly B．quietly C．loudly D．angrily 6．A．taught B．asked C．heard D．answered 7．A．and B．but C．or D．so 8．A．learn B．think C．care D．worry 9．A．in B．on C．about D．with 10．A．at B．in C．for D．to 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了彝族火把节的庆祝方式、活动内容以及作者参与火把节的亲身经历，表达了对彝族传统文化的喜爱与赞美。 1．句意：火把节对彝族人来说是一个重要的传统节日。 根据“important traditional festival”可知，此处泛指“一个重要的传统节日”，且important以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。 2．句意：在节日当天，家庭会打扫他们的房子并穿上新衣服。 根据节日习俗可知， 要打扫房屋。clean“打扫”符合语境。build“建造”，leave“离开”，sell“售卖”都不符合语境。 3．句意：年轻人举着木头做的火把，在村子里绕行。 根据“walk around the village”可知，年轻人是拿着火把在村里走动，carry“拿着；举着”符合语境。throw“扔”，break“打碎”，burn“燃烧”都不符合语境。 4．句意：明亮的火光让夜晚变得很美。 根据“the night beautiful”可知，此处考查“make + 宾语 + 形容词”结构，意为“使……变得……”，表示火光让夜晚变得美丽。makes符合语境以及语法要求。keeps“保持”，finds“找到”，wishes“希望”都不符合语境。 5．句意：孩子们拿着小火把互相追逐，大声欢笑。 根据“run after each other”可知，孩子们在开心地玩耍追逐，应该是大声欢笑，loudly“大声地”符合语境。sadly“伤心地”，quietly“安静地”，angrily“生气地”都不符合语境。 6．句意：他教我如何制作一个小火把。 根据“how to make a small torch”可知，彝族朋友是教作者制作火把，teach sb. how to do sth.意为“教某人如何做某事”，此处用teach的过去式taught。asked“询问”，heard“听见”，answered“回答”都不符合语境。 7．句意：这并不容易，但是我尽了最大努力。 根据“It was not easy”和“I tried my best”可知，前后两句句意存在转折关系，需用表示转折的连词but。and表并列，or表选择，so表因果，都不符合语境。 8．句意：我希望了解更多关于彝族的文化。 根据“more about Yi culture”可知，作者计划再去一次是为了了解更多彝族文化，learn about意为“了解，学习关于……”，符合语境。 think“思考”，care“关心”，worry“担心”都不符合语境。 9．句意：火把节不只是玩乐——它是人们表达对传统热爱的时刻。 根据语境可知，火把节不仅仅是“关于”玩乐，更是传承文化，be about意为“关于……”符合语境。in“在……里面”，on“在……上面”，with“和……一起”都不符合语境。 10．句意：我认为每个人至少应该体验一次。 固定短语at least意为“至少”。故选A。 话题6历史与考古（共2篇） Passage 1 In 1974, some farmers in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, made a(n) 1 discovery while digging a well. They found fragments (碎片) of clay figures. This discovery 2 to the uncovering of one of the greatest archaeological (考古的) finds of the 20th century: the Terracotta Army. This vast underground army was built for Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China. It was 3 to protect him in his afterlife. The figures, including warriors, chariots (战车), and horses, are all life-sized and have 4 features. No two figures are exactly the same. The 5 of constructing such a huge army was unimaginable. It is believed that over 700,000 workers worked on it for nearly 40 years. The figures were made using local clay and then 6 in a kiln (窑). They were originally painted in bright colors, but most of the paint has 7 over time. The Terracotta Army is not only a 8 of ancient Chinese art, but also a window into the history of the Qin Dynasty. By studying these figures, historians can learn about the army’s weapons, armor (盔甲), and even the hairstyles of the 9 . Today, the site has become a world-famous museum. It 10 millions of visitors from all over the world each year. They come to 11 this wonder in person and are amazed by the scale (规模) and detail. The discovery of the Terracotta Army has greatly 12 our understanding of ancient China. It shows the power and wealth of the Qin Empire, as well as the incredible skills of its craftsmen (工匠). It is a(n) 13 heritage (遗产) of all mankind. Protecting this site is a great challenge. Experts are working hard to 14 the remaining (剩余的) colors and to prevent further damage. Their work ensures that future generations can also 15 this amazing part of Chinese history. 1．A．interesting B．exciting C．surprising D．amazing 2．A．led B．took C．got D．came 3．A．ordered B．made C．meant D．asked 4．A．same B．similar C．different D．common 5．A．plan B．project C．idea D．thought 6．A．fired B．burned C．heated D．cooked 7．A．gone B．faded C．lost D．disappeared 8．A．treasure B．masterpiece C．work D．example 9．A．time B．period C．age D．year 10．A．draws B．attracts C．pulls D．catches 11．A．see B．look C．watch D．notice 12．A．enriched B．improved C．increased D．deepened 13．A．cultural B．natural C．historical D．valuable 14．A．protect B．keep C．save D．preserve 15．A．admire B．enjoy C．love D．Like 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．B 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．A 14．D 15．A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇关于秦始皇兵马俑的说明文，主要介绍了兵马俑的发现、建造、特点以及其历史意义。 1．句意：1974 年，陕西省西安的一些农民在打井时，有了一个令人惊讶的发现。固定搭配make a surprising discovery意为 “做出令人惊讶的发现”。根据语境，农民在挖掘时偶然发现了陶俑碎片，这一发现是令人惊讶的。 2．句意：这一发现促成/导致了20世纪最伟大考古发现之一 —— 兵马俑的出土。固定短语lead to意为 “导致、引发”。此处表示这一发现“引发” 了20世纪最伟大的考古发现之一，符合句意。 3．句意：它（这支地下军队）旨在在来世保护他（秦始皇）。固定句型It was meant to...表示 “本意是……、旨在……”。秦始皇建造地下军队是为了在来世保护他，因此用“meant”。 4．句意：这些俑像包括武士、战车和马匹，都是等身大小，且有着不同的特征。没有两个俑像完全一样。根据后文“No two figures are exactly the same.”（没有两个雕像完全相同），可知前文说它们是栩栩如生的，且具有不同的特征。 5．句意：建造如此庞大军队的工程是难以想象的。根据语境，此处指代建造兵马俑这项巨大的“工程、计划”，用 project最合适。 6．句意：这些俑像用当地陶土制成，然后在窑中烧制。根据常识和语境，陶俑是用当地的粘土制作，然后在窑里“烧制、烘烤”成型的，fired符合工艺描述。 7．句意：它们最初被绘上鲜艳的颜色，但大部分颜料随着时间褪色。根据转折连词“but”可知，前文说它们“被涂上了鲜艳的颜色”，后文应表示大多数颜色“已经消失了”，faded表示褪去。 8．句意：兵马俑不仅是中国古代艺术的杰作，也是了解秦朝历史的窗口。masterpiece意为“杰作；代表作”，高度评价兵马俑的艺术价值；treasure（宝藏）侧重物质价值，work（作品）过于普通，example（例子）均不如masterpiece贴切。 9．句意：通过研究这些俑像，历史学家可以了解军队的武器、盔甲，甚至那个时期人们的发型。固定搭配the hair-styles of the period意为“那个时代的发型”，指代秦朝当时的发型样式。 10．句意：如今，这个遗址已成为世界闻名的博物馆，每年吸引数百万来自世界各地的游客。主语是“it”（指代兵马俑博物馆），表示它“吸引” 了来自世界各地的数百万游客，attracts符合主谓一致和语境。 11．句意：他们亲自前来目睹这一奇迹，惊叹于它的规模和细节。固定搭配come to see意为“前来观赏、亲眼看到”。游客是亲自来“观赏”这个奇迹。 12．句意：兵马俑的发现极大地加深了我们对古代中国的理解。deepen意为 “加深（理解 / 认识）”，符合“考古发现丰富了历史认知”的语境；enrich（丰富）、improve（改善）、increase（增加）均不如deepen精准。 13．句意：它是全人类的文化遗产。固定搭配cultural heritage意为“文化遗产”，是描述兵马俑的标准术语；natural（自然的）、historical（历史的）、valuable（有价值的）均不符合固定搭配。 14．句意：专家们正努力保护剩余的色彩，防止进一步损坏。preserve意为“保护；保存（使免受损坏）”，侧重“维持现状、延长寿命”，符合文物保护的语境；protect（保护，侧重防御）、keep（保持）、save（拯救）均不如preserve专业。 15．句意：他们的工作确保后代也能欣赏这一中国历史的奇迹。admire意为“欣赏；钦佩”，符合“后代感受兵马俑的艺术与历史魅力”的语境；enjoy（享受）、love（热爱）、like（喜欢）均不如admire正式且贴合文化遗产的语境。 Passage 2 Researchers have uncovered the oldest known hand-held wooden tools, giving scientists a new way to understand early humans nearly half a million years ago. An international team found the artifacts at Marathousa 1 in Greece, where wet conditions helped wood 1 . The two objects, dated to about 430,000 years ago, were not random sticks. Microscopic study showed marks from chopping and carving, which 2 that people had deliberately shaped them. The discovery matters because wood usually 3 long before archaeologists can study it. Stone tools survive more easily, so they often give an incomplete   4 of ancient technology. One object, made from alder, may have been used for digging near the lakeshore or stripping bark. Another smaller piece of willow or poplar also showed signs of human 5 . The site tells a wider story. Stone tools and animal remains suggest early humans used the area for butchering prey near an ancient lake. A larger wood fragment had grooves, but researchers concluded they were made by a large carnivore, possibly a bear, rather than by people. That detail 6 a dangerous environment in which humans and predators may have competed for 7 . For scientists, the find pushes back evidence of hand-held wooden tool use by at least 40,000 years. It also shows that early humans were not limited to stone. They selected plants, shaped materials and solved practical problems with 8 . Because such evidence is rare, researchers had to 9 each mark carefully. Some marks were human-made, while others came from animals; telling the difference required 10 comparison. Without microscopes and teamwork, the wood might have been 11 as ordinary fragments. Instead, it now 12 the timeline of early technology and adds southeastern Europe to the map of important discoveries. The tools do more than fill a museum shelf: they 13 how early humans worked, learned and adapted. They also remind us that fragile materials can 14 major stories when conditions protect them. Sometimes, the quietest objects give the 15 clues. 1．A．survive B．disappear C．float D．burn 2．A．denied B．suggested C．forgot D．warned 3．A．decays B．improves C．waits D．shines 4．A．picture B．answer C．promise D．habit 5．A．doubt B．activity C．silence D．distance 6．A．hides B．repeats C．reveals D．cancels 7．A．titles B．resources C．numbers D．colors 8．A．skill B．luck C．noise D．fear 9．A．protect B．examine C．invent D．decorate 10．A．careful B．careless C．sudden D．public 11．A．praised B．dismissed C．borrowed D．repaired 12．A．follows B．changes C．wastes D．copies 13．A．remove B．question C．show D．hide 14．A．carry B．lose C．avoid D．refuse 15．A．weakest B．simplest C．strongest D．coldest 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述科研人员在希腊发现已知最古老的手持木质工具，讲述该考古发现的细节、研究难点以及这项发现对于了解早期人类的重大意义。 1．句意：潮湿的环境帮助木材幸存下来。 根据“wet conditions”及下文木工具被发现的事实，可知环境利于保存，survive“保存、留存”符合语境。disappear“消失”、float“漂浮”、burn“燃烧”不符合木材在潮湿环境中利于保存的语境。 2．句意：微观研究显示砍削痕迹，表明人们故意塑造了它们。 根据“Microscopic study showed marks from chopping and carving”，痕迹是证据，用来表明事实，suggested“表明”符合语境。denied“否认”、forgot“忘记”、warned“警告”逻辑不通，痕迹不能否认或忘记事实。 3．句意：木材通常在考古学家研究之前就腐烂了。 根据常识及后文“Stone tools survive more easily”对比，可知木材易腐烂，decays“腐烂”符合语境。improves“改善”、waits“等待”、shines“发光”不符合木材易朽的特性。 4．句意：石器通常只能给出不完整的古代技术图景。 根据“give a picture of”固定搭配及语境，可知指全貌。picture与incomplete搭配表达技术全貌之意。answer“答案”、promise“承诺”、habit“习惯”代入句意不通。 5．句意：另一块小木头也显示出人类活动的迹象。 根据shaping materials，可知是人类活动，activity“活动”符合语境。doubt“怀疑”、silence“寂静”、distance“距离”与制作工具的行为无关。 6．句意：那个细节揭示了一个危险的环境。 根据熊的抓痕显示环境危险，可知是细节揭示出危险的生存环境，reveals“揭示”符合语境。hides“隐藏”、cancels“取消”与发现事实相反，repeats“重复”语意不符。 7．句意：人类和捕食者可能争夺资源。 根据“butchering prey near an ancient lake”，可知争夺生存资源，resources“资源”符合语境。titles“头衔”、numbers“数字”、colors“颜色”不是生物竞争的对象。 8．句意：他们用技能解决实际问题。 根据“shaped materials”，可知运用技艺解决实际问题，skill“技能”符合语境。luck“运气”、noise“噪音”、fear“恐惧”无法帮助解决制作工具的实际问题。 9．句意：研究人员不得不仔细检查每个痕迹。 根据科学研究过程，可知是检查痕迹，examine“检查”符合语境。protect“保护”、invent“发明”、decorate“装饰”不符合研究人员分析文物痕迹的行为。 10．句意：区分不同需要仔细的对比。 根据“carefully”及科学严谨性，可知需要仔细，careful符合语境。careless“粗心的”与语境相反，sudden“突然的”、public“公共的”不符合对比的要求。 11．句意：如果没有显微镜，木材可能被视为普通碎片而被忽视。 根据“ordinary fragments”，可知会被当作普通物忽略，dismissed符合语境。praised“赞扬”、borrowed“借”、repaired“修理”不符合被当作普通碎片处理的后果。 12．句意：它现在改变了早期技术的时间线。 根据“pushes back evidence”，可知改变了认知时间线，changes符合语境。follows“跟随”、wastes“浪费”、copies“复制”不符合新发现对历史认知的影响。 13．句意：它们展示了早期人类如何工作。 根据工具的作用，可知是展示历史，show符合语境。remove“移除”、question“质疑”、hide“隐藏”不符合文物揭示历史的功能。 14．句意：脆弱材料也能承载重大故事。 根据“stories”，可知物体承载故事，carry符合语境。lose“丢失”、avoid“避免”、refuse“拒绝”与物体记录历史的功能相反。 15．句意：有时最安静的物体给出最强的线索。 根据“quietest”与重要性的对比，可知是提供最有力的线索，strongest符合语境。weakest“最弱的”与文意相反，simplest“最简单的”、coldest“最冷的”无法体现线索的重要性。 本文介绍了太空食品从早期管状糊状食物到如今在空间站真实现煮的发展历程，以及中国天宫空间站首次实现太空烹饪的突破。 【新素材·中国天宫空间站首次实现太空烹饪】 As humans began taking longer trips into space, eating and storing food became an important problem. The first person to go to space, Yuri Gagarin, was also the first to 1 there. His meal wasn’t very 2 because the food was put in a metal tube like toothpaste. It didn’t look or taste very good, but it showed that humans could eat in 3 . Later, American astronaut John Glenn discovered that eating in space was not as hard as people feared. However, there were only a few food 4 for them to choose from. Early astronauts had to eat small cubes of food, freeze-dried powders, and more food from tubes. They didn’t like the food 5 it looked strange. Also, small pieces of dry food could move around and 6 machines or even astronauts’ eyes. As space trips continued, space food was 7 . In the 1960s and 1970s, astronauts could use hot water to prepare their meals and eat with spoons. Later, when space stations were built, 8 improved greatly. Today, astronauts on the International Space Station have many kinds of food—they have dishes such as rice, noodles, fish, and fruit. However, until recently, no one actually cooked real food in space. Cooking in space is dangerous because fire and heat do not work the same way as they do on Earth. In November 2025, the situation became 9 in China’s Tiangong Space Station. Astronauts there used a special machine to cook food for the first time. They made barbecued chicken wings and beef. The machine can heat food to 190°C． It also keeps oil from 10 and prevents smoke. This success means astronauts can now enjoy cooked meals in space. It will make life among planets a little warmer and more like home. 1．A．sleep B．walk C．talk D．eat 2．A．pleasant B．cold C．simple D．bad 3．A．suits B．rockets C．space D．air 4．A．habits B．choices C．styles D．sizes 5．A．or B．so C．but D．because 6．A．start up B．turn off C．get into D．keep back 7．A．stored B．designed C．improved D．reduced 8．A．conditions B．relationships C．skills D．ecosystems 9．A．different B．clear C．difficult D．boring 10．A．shining B．returning C．catching D．spreading 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了太空食品从早期管状糊状食物到如今在空间站真实现煮的发展历程，以及中国天宫空间站首次实现太空烹饪的突破。 1．句意：第一个进入太空的人尤里·加加林也是第一个在那里吃饭的人。 上文提到吃和储存食物是重要问题，说明加加林是第一个“吃饭”的人，eat“吃饭”符合。sleep“睡觉”，walk“走路”，talk“说话”，均与食物问题无关。 2．句意：他的食物不太可口。 下文食物装在金属管里像牙膏，说明“不好吃”，pleasant“令人愉快的，可口的”符合，且为否定形式not very pleasant。cold“冷的”，simple“简单的”，bad“坏的”，均与口感描述不符。 3．句意：但它表明了人类可以在太空中进食。 上文在太空中吃饭，说明进食地点是“太空”，space“太空”符合。suits“套装”，rockets“火箭”，air“空气”，均与进食地点不符。 4．句意：然而，只有少数食物选择可供他们挑选。 上文说约翰·格伦发现吃饭没那么难，但可选食物很少，说明只有少数“选择”，choices“选择”符合。habits“习惯”，styles“风格”，sizes“尺寸”，均与可选种类不符。 5．句意：他们不喜欢这些食物，因为它们看起来奇怪。 前后句为因果关系，不喜欢“因为”奇怪，because“因为”符合。or“或者”表选择，so“所以”表结果，but“但是”表转折，均与因果逻辑不符。 6．句意：干粮的小碎片可能会四处飘动，进入机器甚至宇航员的眼睛。 上文干粮碎片会飘动，说明会“进入”机器和眼睛，get into“进入”符合。start up“启动”，turn off“关闭”，keep back“阻止”，均与进入机器不符。 7．句意：随着太空旅行的继续，太空食品得到了改进。 下文从用热水准备到种类增多，说明食品“改进”了，improved“改进”符合。stored“储存”，designed“设计”，reduced“减少”，均与进步不符。 8．句意：后来，当空间站建成时，条件大大改善了。 上文技术发展，空间站建成后生活和工作“条件”改善，conditions“条件”符合。relationships“关系”，skills“技能”，ecosystems“生态系统”，均与太空生活条件不符。 9．句意：2025年11月，中国天宫空间站的情况变得不同了。 下文首次用特殊机器烹饪，说明情况变得“不同”，different“不同的”符合。clear“清晰的”，difficult“困难的”，boring“无聊的”，均与突破性变化不符。 10．句意：这台机器还能防止油飞溅，并阻止烟雾产生。 太空失重环境中，烹饪时油烟会飞溅漫延，说明机器能防止油“飞溅”，spreading“扩散，飞溅”符合。shining“闪耀”，returning“返回”，catching“抓住”，均与油的行为不符。 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题04 完形填空6大常考话题 话题1 科技与发明（常考点） 话题2 航天与航空（常考点） 话题3 音乐与舞蹈 话题4 体育精神 （难点） 话题5 传统节日（难点） 话题6 历史与考古 1. 通读全文（跳过空），把握主旨 不要一上来就做题！快速读一遍，知道故事：人物、时间、起因结果、感情基调（积极/消极）。很多空要看后文才能选。 2. 逐空做题，先易后难 简单题：固定搭配、语法、词义一眼确定，直接选； 难题：标记，先跳过，读完后文信息再回头做。 3. 结合上下文找线索（完形最重要！） 答案线索绝大多数不在本句，在前一句、后一句，甚至下一段。 4. 全部做完，回读复查 把选项代入全文完整读一遍，检查：逻辑通顺、时态一致、主谓一致、词义通顺。 话题1 科技与发明（共3篇） Passage 1 I have invented robots which improve the work of cars. My love of making things began 1 I was a kid. I really became excited about inventing after I learned about Thomas Edison. One day in fourth grade, our 2 gave us a project in class. We had to write to a company and learn about the products. I thought and thought. 3 I chose the Thomas A．Edison Company. Soon after, the company sent me a book about the life of Thomas Edison. How I enjoyed reading and re-reading about his 4 ! I like the recorded sound and the electric light most. The inventions were clearly printed on my brain. My dad noticed my interest in inventing and 5 me. He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and then into new things. Once, 6 my father’s surprise, I made a model plane by myself. Later, we found a 7 model plane in a store. I learned that different inventors often invent similar things. It is not unusual for this to happen. I also learned that not all great ideas 8 . Failure is a common part of the inventing. As my father and I worked together, I began to realize that my dad was quite an inventor himself. He was always 9 a better way to do a simple job. His guiding hands, together with my 10 in inventing, led me to become an engineer and an inventor. Of course, I also thank Thomas Edison. He is my hero. 1．A．before B．after C．when D．until 2．A．customer B．teacher C．inventor D．engineer 3．A．Easily B．Finally C．Safely D．Quickly 4．A．lights B．projects C．popularity D．inventions 5．A．mistook B．doubted C．chose D．encouraged 6．A．with B．about C．to D．in 7．A．different B．similar C．large D．sudden 8．A．work B．fail C．trade D．end 9．A．looking at B．looking for C．looking after D．looking through 10．A．habit B．story C．interest D．List Passage 2 （25-26济南九年级期中考试） The first computers were made in the 1930s and 1940s. They were often the 1 of a room. And they were 2 programmed to do math problems. They were very important for businesses 3 they could work out very difficult problems again and again, without making 4 . In the 1970s, there were 5 computers. People bought computers for 6 homes. The computers didn’t have a mouse (鼠标), but the keyboard was used to 7 the computer what to do. When the first computer games were 8 in the 1980s, people could use computers for 9 as well as for work. During the 1980s and 1990s, computers 10 speakers and color screens were put on sale, and people could play more exciting 11 . In the 1990s, a revolution (大变革) in communication 12 . People could use computers to talk with family and friends, and businesses could sell products all over the world 13 and easily. Computers are now also used for shopping, watching 14 movie, and downloading music. And in the future we will have small computers you can put in your pocket, and 3D computers for 15 movies and gaming experiences. 1．A．color B．sound C．height D．size 2．A．never B．hardly C．ever D．usually 3．A．because B．if C．when D．after 4．A．marks B．mistakes C．accidents D．notes 5．A．longer B．heavier C．smaller D．larger 6．A．my B．his C．her D．their 7．A．teach B．tell C．help D．guard 8．A．built B．packed C．requested D．sold 9．A．healthy B．fun C．money D．safety 10．A．for B．to C．with D．from 11．A．songs B．sports C．balls D．games 12．A．took after B．took off C．took place D．took out 13．A．quickly B．suddenly C．happily D．carefully 14．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 15．A．active B．scary C．local D．Amazing Passage 3 Chen Xinyi, a 16-year-old student from Shenzhen, is an excellent young inventor. When she was in Grade 7, she 1 that her grandmother had difficulty holding chopsticks because of arthritis (关节炎). Chen decided to design a special pair of chopsticks to help her. After months of hard work, she 2 a prize in a national youth invention competition. Her invention was widely praised. Later, Chen noticed that many elderly people in her neighbourhood had trouble walking upstairs. She 3 an idea for a lightweight, foldable walking aid that could be carried like a small bag. This 4 allows them to rest whenever they feel tired. Chen’s 5 invention is a smart pillow that can play soft music and help people relax. It is 6 used in some local nursing homes. “I want my inventions to bring comfort to people,” Chen said. She was 7 one of the most creative teenagers in her city. She also encourages her classmates to 8 new ideas and turn them into reality. “Don’t be afraid of failure,” she said. “Every great invention started as a simple idea. We should try our best to make a 9 to people’s lives.” Her story teaches us that with 10 and creativity, young people can also be inventors. 1．A．expected B．noticed C．improved D．believed 2．A．lost B．bought C．won D．supported 3．A．came up with B．gave up C．put off D．took away 4．A．position B．creation C．action D．suggestion 5．A．closest B．worst C．fastest D．latest 6．A．widely B．clearly C．carefully D．wisely 7．A．warned B．named C．trusted D．marked 8．A．keep away from B．think of C．run out of D．look up to 9．A．difference B．decision C．face D．living 10．A．fear B．luck C．perseverance D．silence 话题2 航天与航空（共3篇） Passage 1 As humans began taking longer trips into space, eating and storing food became an important problem. The first person to go to space, Yuri Gagarin, was also the first to 1 there. His meal wasn’t very 2 because the food was put in a metal tube like toothpaste. It didn’t look or taste very good, but it showed that humans could eat in 3 . Later, American astronaut John Glenn discovered that eating in space was not as hard as people feared. However, there were only a few food 4 for them to choose from. Early astronauts had to eat small cubes of food, freeze-dried powders, and more food from tubes. They didn’t like the food 5 it looked strange. Also, small pieces of dry food could move around and 6 machines or even astronauts’ eyes. As space trips continued, space food was 7 . In the 1960s and 1970s, astronauts could use hot water to prepare their meals and eat with spoons. Later, when space stations were built, 8 improved greatly. Today, astronauts on the International Space Station have many kinds of food—they have dishes such as rice, noodles, fish, and fruit. However, until recently, no one actually cooked real food in space. Cooking in space is dangerous because fire and heat do not work the same way as they do on Earth. In November 2025, the situation became 9 in China’s Tiangong Space Station. Astronauts there used a special machine to cook food for the first time. They made barbecued chicken wings and beef. The machine can heat food to 190°C． It also keeps oil from 10 and prevents smoke. This success means astronauts can now enjoy cooked meals in space. It will make life among planets a little warmer and more like home. 1．A．sleep B．walk C．talk D．eat 2．A．pleasant B．cold C．simple D．bad 3．A．suits B．rockets C．space D．air 4．A．habits B．choices C．styles D．sizes 5．A．or B．so C．but D．because 6．A．start up B．turn off C．get into D．keep back 7．A．stored B．designed C．improved D．reduced 8．A．conditions B．relationships C．skills D．ecosystems 9．A．different B．clear C．difficult D．boring 10．A．shining B．returning C．catching D．spreading Passage 2 “Professor (教授), will you be away for five months?” “Yes. But I’ll keep in touch with you from high in space. Make sure 1 hand in your papers on time!” This isn’t just a funny 2 . It is a real event (事件).One day, before China 3 the Shenzhou-16 into space, China published (公布) the names of its three astronauts. One of them is Gui Haichao. He is a thin man with glasses. And he also worked 4 a university (大学) professor. Gui showed a strong interest in science from an early age. One of his 5 books was The Encyclopedia (百科) for Children and Teenagers. He learned a lot about space from it. 6 , the more the boy learned about space, the more he wanted to know about it. In 2003, Yang Liwei became the first Chinese man to 7 into space. Gui was excited about the news. And he looked forward to 8 into space himself one day. With this dream in his 9 , he went to Beihang University to study space science. His 10 to go into space kept him moving forward. In 2017, at the age of only 31, he became one of the 11 space science professors in China. Gui never forgot his dream of going into space. He knew maybe this was the 12 way to study it. So when China asked university professors to join in space jobs in 2018, Gui signed up at once. The training was hard, but there was 13 that could stop him from making his dream come true. 14 amazing his journey is! Are you interested in space? If yes, you 15 study hard and believe in yourself. Maybe one day, you’ll watch your friends and us from somewhere high in space! 1．A．of B．to C．at D．with 2．A．story B．joke C．game D．lesson 3．A．sent B．send C．sends D．sending 4．A．for B．with C．as D．like 5．A．famous B．favorite C．popular D．successful 6．A．But B．However C．So D．Because 7．A．fly B．flying C．flew D．flies 8．A．go B．goes C．went D．going 9．A．heart B．home C．school D．body 10．A．wish B．question C．action D．plan 11．A．young B．younger C．youngest D．oldest 12．A．good B．better C．best D．only 13．A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 14．A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 15．A．need B．need to C．needs D．needn’t Passage 3 Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet of the solar system (太阳系). It is 1 than the Earth with a diameter (直径) of 6,792 kilometres. If you stand on Mars and 2 the Sun, it will appear about half the size as we see it on the Earth. Mars is widely known as the 3 planet. Its red appearance is caused by the iron oxide (氧化铁) in the 4 . In many ways, Mars can be considered as the Earth’s 5 . On Mars’ surface, we have discovered the 6 mountain in the solar system. It is named Olympus Mons, and it is more than twice as 7 as the tallest mountain on the Earth. A 8 on Mars is also a little longer than a day on the Earth. It lasts about 24.6 9 . A year on Mars, however, or the time that takes for the red planet to 10 our Sun, lasts about 687 Earth days. That is almost 11 as long as a year on the Earth! In the 19th century, it was believed that 12 existed on Mars. An astronomer (天文学家) said that he “found” straight lines on 13 surface. Many people believed that 14 were the work of smart life as the straight lines were most likely to be canals for irrigation (灌溉渠). However, as more advanced telescopes (望远镜) were 15 , it was found that the straight lines were an optical illusion (视觉假象). To this day, humans are still trying to find out whether life exists on Mars. 1．A．brighter B．better C．smaller D．bigger 2．A．look at B．look for C．look up D．look after 3．A．blue B．red C．green D．white 4．A．air B．water C．sea D．ground 5．A．teacher B．mother C．brother D．father 6．A．tallest B．thinnest C．longest D．shortest 7．A．large B．high C．many D．wide 8．A．year B．month C．week D．day 9．A．seconds B．minutes C．hours D．decades 10．A．circle B．leave C．arrive D．come 11．A．once B．twice C．first D．second 12．A．life B．people C．animals D．plants 13．A．Earth’s B．Sun’s C．Mars’ D．Moon’s 14．A．this B．that C．these D．those 15．A．found B．made C．fallen D．Seen 话题3 音乐与舞蹈（共2篇） Passage 1 One can’t discuss Chinese music without mentioning the guqin, one of the four arts—along with Go, calligraphy (书法) and painting. It first appeared over 3,000 years ago and stands for China’s 1 solo (独奏) musical instrument. At first, the guqin had only five strings, meaning the five elements of metal, 2 , water, fire and earth. Later, in the Zhou Dynasty, King Wen of Zhou added a 3 string for his son. King Wu of Zhou added a seventh string to encourage 4 army to fight with the Shang. Ancient people believed that the ambience (环境) was important in 5 the guqin. Usually, it was practiced in a quiet setting and never for the public 6 . Ancient artists enjoyed performing by a stream (小溪) in the 7 . The sound of the guqin mixed with the echoes (回音) from the mountains, until the musician felt he was at one 8 nature. Playing it in snow was also an enjoyable activity for ancient artists 9 believed the instrument was the purest of its kind in the world. Also, a night with moonlight was 10 wonderful for playing the guqin. Wang Wei (701-761), a highly 11 man of the Tang Dynasty, liked playing it in a bamboo forest on nights with moonlight most. The guqin pieces are usually three to eight minutes long, with the 12 being Guangling Verse, which is about 23 minutes long. Other famous pieces include The Plum Blossom Melody Play Three Times, Wild Geese Landing on the Sandbank and Eighteen Songs of a Nomad Flute. Nowadays, there are only fewer than one thousand well-trained guqin players 13 perhaps no more than fifty living masters. The original number of several thousand pieces has 14 reduced (减少) to only one hundred works by today. So 15 those who keep this art alive. The guqin and its music were added to the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (非遗) in 2003. 1．A．central B．traditional C．medical D．meaningless 2．A．silver B．gold C．wood D．stone 3．A．seventh B．fourth C．fifth D．sixth 4．A．my B．her C．his D．their 5．A．making B．teaching C．playing D．studying 6．A．performance B．meeting C．speech D．sports 7．A．houses B．mountains C．cities D．stores 8．A．about B．under C．with D．for 9．A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 10．A．considered B．described C．expected D．reported 11．A．strict B．gifted C．honest D．brave 12．A．youngest B．oldest C．shortest D．longest 13．A．because B．so C．but D．and 14 ．A．greatly B．heavily C．suddenly D．slowly 15 ．A．laugh at B．depend on C．look down on D．hats off to Passage 2 In a small rural (乡村的) school in Hubei Province, there is a great choir (合唱团). It was started by a volunteer teacher, Wu Yuzheng, for left-behind children. She wanted to 1 a choir after she got there. Yet, when she met the children, her dream of music seemed almost 2 . Even sixth-graders couldn’t sing a complete song. She chose 28 students, but some left later because of schoolwork. Finally, about 20 students stayed. Then, 3 followed. The school had no special classrooms. And Wu and the headmaster had to 4 music stands and a keyboard with their own money. One day, Wu saw the students practicing 5 , though there was no practice planned. She was so moved that she 6 to take them to perform in the city. As they prepared for the performance, a new problem 7 . The 100-yuan performance clothes were expensive for rural families. One child even considered leaving the choir. To get the parents’ 8 , Wu let the parents hear the children sing. The parents were deeply touched by the kids’ beautiful voices, and they all agreed to buy the clothes. On the performance day, they stepped onto the “city school” stage they had long dreamed of. They were 9 , but they performed well. When Wu’s one-year stay was over, she went back to the city. Her rural 10 showed that music belongs to everybody. Wu now tries to let every child enjoy music. 1．A．set up B．put up C．take up D．pick up 2．A．real B．perfect C．small D．impossible 3．A．changes B．surprises C．activities D．challenges 4．A．buy B．send C．find D．make 5．A．quickly B．carefully C．slowly D．finally 6．A．refused B．regretted C．promised D．agreed 7．A．stopped B．failed C．remained D．appeared 8．A．care B．advice C．support D．service 9．A．embarrassed B．nervous C．proud D．relaxed 10．A．task B．moment C．trip D．Experience 话题4 体育精神（共2篇） Passage 1 When the bell rang, Matt entered the classroom with a 1 heart. “Hey, Matt,” his best friend Tom greeted him. He and Tom were in the school’s 2 team. “Why the long face? Are you still feeling 3 about Saturday night’s basketball game?” Tom asked. “Of course I am,” Matt said quietly. He didn’t dare to 4 Tom as he spoke. “I’m really sorry about 5 everybody down. The other team got those points because of me.” “Don’t be too hard on yourself!” Tom said. “Although you pushed their player, it was just an 6 . Everyone knows that!” Tom was a good friend. But Matt knew the 7 didn’t share Tom’s opinion. When the referee saw Matt push another player, he gave 8 team two free throws. Matt was as 9 as anyone else when the accident happened, but it was too late. He couldn’t take it back. “I guess we have to respect 10 decision,” Matt said after a while. “But we had a good chance to win until I made that 11 . Why wasn’t I more careful?” “Listen, Matt,” said Tom, “try to look on the bright side. The other team is the best in our area, but our scores were really close. I’m 12 of us, and I know our coach and everyone else in our school are as well.” Matt felt a bit better. “Thanks, Tom. I guess it’s just hard to lose.” “Hey, you can’t 13 them all,” said Tom. “It’s more important to learn from your mistakes so that you don’t repeat them in future. We’ll keep working 14 as a team. One for all, and all for one, right?” “You’re right. 15 we pull together, we should win next time,” Matt smiled. He was lucky to have a friend like Tom! 1．A．warm B．cool C．heavy D．light 2．A．soccer B．basketball C．volleyball D．baseball 3．A．blue B．lucky C．happy D．excited 4．A．look up B．look at C．look for D．look after 5．A．letting B．turning C．putting D．pushing 6．A．idea B．answer C．activity D．accident 7．A．coach B．referee C．teacher D．friend 8．A．another B．others C．other D．the other 9．A．shocked B．mad C．bored D．angry 10．A．my B．her C．his D．our 11．A．progress B．mistake C．decision D．noise 12．A．fond B．afraid C．proud D．tired 13．A．win B．want C．lose D．wonder 14．A．together B．alone C．late D．early 15．A．When B．As long as C．But D．Because Passage 2 When my friend suggested that we join the new Tai Chi (太极拳) Club, I thought he was 1 . I always believed Tai Chi was for old people. However, after the first class, I 2 that I was wrong. It was amazing. Tai Chi led to a big 3 both in my body and mind. I 4 remember my first few Tai Chi classes. The basic skill I learned was keeping a balance (平衡). An action was called “golden rooster standing on one leg (金鸡独立)”. Following the instructions, I tried to 5 on one leg. It seemed that it was not a hard one, but I 6 many times. Soon, I felt bored and 7 from practicing over and over again. I started to 8 myself. Maybe I was really 9 in this kind of exercise. Just then, my coach taught me how to relax myself. Step by step, I made 10 . Later, I was able to do more difficult actions and feel peace of mind as well. My love for Tai Chi became 11 . I even wanted to look into the ancient Chinese culture behind Tai Chi. I discovered that Tai Chi is deeply rooted in Chinese yin and yang. The practice of it helps to keep a balance through 12 : left and right, up and down, breathing in and breathing out... Finally, Tai Chi brings about a state of body balance and 13 peace. Now I can honestly say it helps me become much 14 . I sleep better at night, and I’m more active during the day. More importantly, practicing Tai Chi has made me better 15 the Chinese culture. I’m sure I will continue to practice Tai Chi and enjoy the advantages it has brought me. 1．A．reading B．waiting C．joking D．explaining 2．A．dreamed B．realized C．forgot D．required 3．A．change B．love C．problem D．decision 4．A．hardly B．still C．never D．sometimes 5．A．sit B．lie C．jump D．stand 6．A．failed B．feared C．wished D．received 7．A．lazy B．tired C．afraid D．hungry 8．A．thank B．praise C．enjoy D．doubt 9．A．right B．strict C．weak D．interested 10．A．noise B．friends C．mistakes D．progress 11．A．quiet B．stronger C．strange D．important 12．A．parts B．chances C．opposites D．abilities 13．A．mind B．family C．world D．school 14．A．safer B．heavier C．prouder D．healthier 15．A．teach B．translate C．understand D．encourage 话题5传统节日（共3篇） Passage 1 I just had my first Mid-Autumn Festival celebration in China. Exactly a week after arriving in China, I was kind of homesick. Memories of past 1 back in Serbia (塞尔维亚) always appeared in my mind. On the morning of Friday, September 25th, almost everyone on the campus (校园) was very 2 . Chinese students explained to us the importance of the festival and 3 the folk stories with us happily. At lunchtime, mooncakes were 4 . Then came the night. The full moon appeared: a huge bright ball high above the school. We all looked at it with 5 . With Serbian music playing on my headphones, I danced my way, lost in the wind, and forgot myself for a(n) 6 . As I went back into my room, my curious (好奇的) mind 7 me online. There I came across the poem Prelude to Water Melody (《水调歌头》), written by the well-known Chinese writer Su Dongpo. This poem described what he was 8 . Writing to his family, Su 9 what time it was back at home. I was also trying to find out what time it was back at home. In the end, Su asked his family to join him in 10 the moon on a clear night. What a way to finish! I hoped that my family were watching the 11 moon with me at the same time. And while we may be away from home, the 12 are still the most important to our life. As the 13 use the Mid-Autumn Festival to gather with the loved ones, the Serbian community also gets together, shares a meal and walks on the streets. Thanks to my Chinese friends, whose care made me and a crowd of other foreign students experience a(n) 14 Mid-Autumn Festival. Their 15 made us feel like we were at home. 1．A．collections B．experiences C．hobbies D．schools 2．A．happy B．interested C．careful D．crazy 3．A．began B．provided C．shared D．compared 4．A．missed B．treated C．showed D．offered 5．A．fear B．joy C．surprise D．shame 6．A．day B．night C．hour D．moment 7．A．hid B．pushed C．carried D．hit 8．A．going through B．looking through C．picking up D．eating up 9．A．answered B．discussed C．wondered D．explained 10．A．checking B．recording C．copying D．enjoying 11．A．small B．new C．cold D．full 12．A．family B．teachers C．classmates D．friends 13．A．Serbian B．English C．Chinese D．German 14．A．simple B．peaceful C．common D．unforgettable 15．A．ability B．kindness C．spirit D．attention Passage2 The traditional Chinese Longtaitou Festival, or the Dragon Head-Raising Festival, 1 on the second day of the second lunar month every year. And it is the 2 of spring and farming. Ancient people 3 that after this day, the rainfall (降雨量) would increase because the rain-bringing Dragon King 4 from his winter sleep. A well-known phrase goes, “Er yue er, long tai tou, ” 5 on the second day of the second lunar month, the dragon 6 his head. The festival celebrates ancient agrarian (耕地的) Chinese culture. 7 some of the traditional ways to celebrate it are no longer practiced, others persist (持续存在) .   The most famous 8 is getting a haircut. Some people believe that going to the barber’s (理发店) on this day can bring them 9 luck, while getting a haircut during the 10 month of the lunar calendar brings bad luck.    11 saying warns that cutting your hair in the first month will have a bad effect on your uncle. Although today few pay attention to it, it was once a tradition to line up outside barber shops 12 the day of Longtaitou, having avoided haircuts in the first lunar month.   Eating chengyao cakes, which are 13 of sticky rice, during the festival is a tradition in Suzhou, China’s Jiangsu Province. As the saying goes, “If you eat chengyao cake on Longtaitou, your waist(腰) won’t 14 all year.” Meanwhile, other foods like dumplings, spring rolls and popcorn are named after the parts of a dragon’s 15 to mark the day. Noodles are dragons’ beards (longxu); dumplings are dragons’ ears(long’er); spring rolls are dragons’ scales(longlin); and popcorn is dragons’ seeds (longzi). 1．A．lives B．falls C．plays D．performs 2．A．start B．ending C．middle D．top 3．A．imagined B．believed C．finished D．hoped 4．A．put up B．woke up C．took up D．looked up 5．A．using B．raining C．meaning D．saying 6．A．lays B．carries C．brings D．raises 7．A．If B．And C．But D．Although 8．A．way B．tradition C．side D．history 9．A．good B．bad C．big D．small 10．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 11．A．Other B．Others C．The other D．Another 12．A．in B．on C．at D．after 13．A．heard B．ate C．made D．watched 14．A．hurt B．grow C．care D．involve 15．A．body B．voice C．mind D．brain Passage 3 The Torch Festival is 1 important traditional festival for the Yi people. It has a long history and is full of fun. Every year, people start preparing weeks before it comes. On the festival day, families 2 their houses and wear new clothes. The most exciting activity is lighting torches. Young people 3 torches made of wood and walk around the village. The bright fire 4 the night beautiful. Everyone sings and dances around the torches. Children love the festival too. They run after each other with small torches, laughing 5 . Old people sit together, telling stories about the festival’s origin. People also enjoy delicious food, like roasted meat and sweet cakes. I once joined the festival with a Yi friend. He 6 me how to make a small torch. It was not easy, 7 I tried my best. When the torches were lit, the whole village looked amazing. I felt so happy to be part of it. This year, I plan to go again. I hope to 8 more about Yi culture. The Torch Festival is not just 9 fun—it’s a time for people to show love for their traditions. I think everyone should experience it 10 least once. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．build B．clean C．leave D．sell 3．A．carry B．throw C．break D．burn 4．A．makes B．keeps C．finds D．wishes 5．A．sadly B．quietly C．loudly D．angrily 6．A．taught B．asked C．heard D．answered 7．A．and B．but C．or D．so 8．A．learn B．think C．care D．worry 9．A．in B．on C．about D．with 10．A．at B．in C．for D．to 话题6历史与考古（共2篇） Passage 1 In 1974, some farmers in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, made a(n) 1 discovery while digging a well. They found fragments (碎片) of clay figures. This discovery 2 to the uncovering of one of the greatest archaeological (考古的) finds of the 20th century: the Terracotta Army. This vast underground army was built for Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China. It was 3 to protect him in his afterlife. The figures, including warriors, chariots (战车), and horses, are all life-sized and have 4 features. No two figures are exactly the same. The 5 of constructing such a huge army was unimaginable. It is believed that over 700,000 workers worked on it for nearly 40 years. The figures were made using local clay and then 6 in a kiln (窑). They were originally painted in bright colors, but most of the paint has 7 over time. The Terracotta Army is not only a 8 of ancient Chinese art, but also a window into the history of the Qin Dynasty. By studying these figures, historians can learn about the army’s weapons, armor (盔甲), and even the hairstyles of the 9 . Today, the site has become a world-famous museum. It 10 millions of visitors from all over the world each year. They come to 11 this wonder in person and are amazed by the scale (规模) and detail. The discovery of the Terracotta Army has greatly 12 our understanding of ancient China. It shows the power and wealth of the Qin Empire, as well as the incredible skills of its craftsmen (工匠). It is a(n) 13 heritage (遗产) of all mankind. Protecting this site is a great challenge. Experts are working hard to 14 the remaining (剩余的) colors and to prevent further damage. Their work ensures that future generations can also 15 this amazing part of Chinese history. 1．A．interesting B．exciting C．surprising D．amazing 2．A．led B．took C．got D．came 3．A．ordered B．made C．meant D．asked 4．A．same B．similar C．different D．common 5．A．plan B．project C．idea D．thought 6．A．fired B．burned C．heated D．cooked 7．A．gone B．faded C．lost D．disappeared 8．A．treasure B．masterpiece C．work D．example 9．A．time B．period C．age D．year 10．A．draws B．attracts C．pulls D．catches 11．A．see B．look C．watch D．notice 12．A．enriched B．improved C．increased D．deepened 13．A．cultural B．natural C．historical D．valuable 14．A．protect B．keep C．save D．preserve 15．A．admire B．enjoy C．love D．Like Passage 2 Researchers have uncovered the oldest known hand-held wooden tools, giving scientists a new way to understand early humans nearly half a million years ago. An international team found the artifacts at Marathousa 1 in Greece, where wet conditions helped wood 1 . The two objects, dated to about 430,000 years ago, were not random sticks. Microscopic study showed marks from chopping and carving, which 2 that people had deliberately shaped them. The discovery matters because wood usually 3 long before archaeologists can study it. Stone tools survive more easily, so they often give an incomplete   4 of ancient technology. One object, made from alder, may have been used for digging near the lakeshore or stripping bark. Another smaller piece of willow or poplar also showed signs of human 5 . The site tells a wider story. Stone tools and animal remains suggest early humans used the area for butchering prey near an ancient lake. A larger wood fragment had grooves, but researchers concluded they were made by a large carnivore, possibly a bear, rather than by people. That detail 6 a dangerous environment in which humans and predators may have competed for 7 . For scientists, the find pushes back evidence of hand-held wooden tool use by at least 40,000 years. It also shows that early humans were not limited to stone. They selected plants, shaped materials and solved practical problems with 8 . Because such evidence is rare, researchers had to 9 each mark carefully. Some marks were human-made, while others came from animals; telling the difference required 10 comparison. Without microscopes and teamwork, the wood might have been 11 as ordinary fragments. Instead, it now 12 the timeline of early technology and adds southeastern Europe to the map of important discoveries. The tools do more than fill a museum shelf: they 13 how early humans worked, learned and adapted. They also remind us that fragile materials can 14 major stories when conditions protect them. Sometimes, the quietest objects give the 15 clues. 1．A．survive B．disappear C．float D．burn 2．A．denied B．suggested C．forgot D．warned 3．A．decays B．improves C．waits D．shines 4．A．picture B．answer C．promise D．habit 5．A．doubt B．activity C．silence D．distance 6．A．hides B．repeats C．reveals D．cancels 7．A．titles B．resources C．numbers D．colors 8．A．skill B．luck C．noise D．fear 9．A．protect B．examine C．invent D．decorate 10．A．careful B．careless C．sudden D．public 11．A．praised B．dismissed C．borrowed D．repaired 12．A．follows B．changes C．wastes D．copies 13．A．remove B．question C．show D．hide 14．A．carry B．lose C．avoid D．refuse 15．A．weakest B．simplest C．strongest D．coldest 本文介绍了太空食品从早期管状糊状食物到如今在空间站真实现煮的发展历程，以及中国天宫空间站首次实现太空烹饪的突破。 【新素材·中国天宫空间站首次实现太空烹饪】 As humans began taking longer trips into space, eating and storing food became an important problem. The first person to go to space, Yuri Gagarin, was also the first to 1 there. His meal wasn’t very 2 because the food was put in a metal tube like toothpaste. It didn’t look or taste very good, but it showed that humans could eat in 3 . Later, American astronaut John Glenn discovered that eating in space was not as hard as people feared. However, there were only a few food 4 for them to choose from. Early astronauts had to eat small cubes of food, freeze-dried powders, and more food from tubes. They didn’t like the food 5 it looked strange. Also, small pieces of dry food could move around and 6 machines or even astronauts’ eyes. As space trips continued, space food was 7 . In the 1960s and 1970s, astronauts could use hot water to prepare their meals and eat with spoons. Later, when space stations were built, 8 improved greatly. Today, astronauts on the International Space Station have many kinds of food—they have dishes such as rice, noodles, fish, and fruit. However, until recently, no one actually cooked real food in space. Cooking in space is dangerous because fire and heat do not work the same way as they do on Earth. In November 2025, the situation became 9 in China’s Tiangong Space Station. Astronauts there used a special machine to cook food for the first time. They made barbecued chicken wings and beef. The machine can heat food to 190°C． It also keeps oil from 10 and prevents smoke. This success means astronauts can now enjoy cooked meals in space. It will make life among planets a little warmer and more like home. 1．A．sleep B．walk C．talk D．eat 2．A．pleasant B．cold C．simple D．bad 3．A．suits B．rockets C．space D．air 4．A．habits B．choices C．styles D．sizes 5．A．or B．so C．but D．because 6．A．start up B．turn off C．get into D．keep back 7．A．stored B．designed C．improved D．reduced 8．A．conditions B．relationships C．skills D．ecosystems 9．A．different B．clear C．difficult D．boring 10．A．shining B．returning C．catching D．spreading 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $