Unit 3 The Internet Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

新人教必修Book 2 Unit 3 The Internet Discovering Useful Structures P30 【预习案】将下列句子变成被动语态。 1. Many people around the globe speak Chinese now. Chinese is spoken by many people around the globe now. 2. Someone stole my bike yesterday. My bike was stolen yesterday. 3. We will finish the report by tomorrow. The report will be finished by tomorrow. 4. Hunters are hunting African elephants every year. African elephants are being hunted every year. 5. The Internet has greatly improved Jan's life. Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. l 现在完成时的结构   主动式 被动式 肯定式  have/has done have/has been done 否定式  have/has not done have/has not been done 一般疑问句 Have/Has... been done? Have/Has ...been done? 特殊疑问句 What has/have...done? What has/have...been done? 主动语态变被动语态的原则 “三变” 宾语变主语 谓语由主动变被动 原句主语变为by短语 “三不变” 原句意思不变 原句时态不变 原句主谓宾以外成分不变 将下列主动句变为被动句。 ...because the difficult problems have been solved . A new robot which can walk and talk like humans have been made by scientists. 1. They look very happy because they have solved the difficult problems. 2. Scientists have made a new robot which can walk and talk like humans. 3. The government has spent a lot of money on the Hope Project. A lot of money has been spent on the Hope Project by the government. Presentation 将下列主动句变为被动句。 Have they been sent abroad to study English by the school. Who has been invited by the host ? 4. Has the school sent them abroad to study English? 5. Who has the host invited? Presentation The Present Perfect Passive Voice 定义： ① 1. 表示动作已经被完成，或截止到现在，与since+过去时间，so far/up to now/by now到目前为止, recently/lately最近, for three days，over the years, in the past ten years在过去的10年里，over the last two months在过去的两个月里，等时间状语连用； Summary eg. The child has been taken care of by his grandma over the years. eg. The software has been downloaded to help my phone battery last longer. eg. First as a PC and then as a laptop, a computer has been used in offices and homes since the 1970s. Tip① 由finish, buy, start, begin, post, return, borrow, marry, open等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态,不能与表示段时间的状语，如for four days, how long等连用，而要改换动词或者是时态。 判断正误: * How long has this book been bought?（ ） * How long ago was this book bought? （ ） V X Tip② 短语动词不能分割，而且不能省略短语动词中的介词或副词。 判断正误: *The patient has been taken good care. ( ) *The patient has been taken good care of. ( ) V X Tip③ 并不是所有的动词都有被动语态。如happen, occur, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组，就没有被动语态。 判断正误: *Some of the best conversations have ever happened around the dinner table. ( ) *Some of the best conversations have been happened around the dinner table. ( ) V X Tip④ 双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一个宾语变为主语, 另一个保留不动。 主动: I have given him the key. 被动: He has been given the key. 被动: The key has been given to him. Tip⑤ 带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时, 只能将宾语变为主语, 原来的宾补保留不动, 改成主语补足语。 主动: I have asked her to help you. 被动: She has been asked to help you. 主动语态中作宾语补足语的不带to的不定式，变为被动时，要加上to。 例：The engineer made the robot clean the windows of the tall building. The robot was made to clean the windows of the tall building. 【堂练】单句语法填空 1. The construction of the new railway lines _________________ (finish) by now. 2. A new library and a gymnasium _______________(build) in our school this year. 3. A great many fine cars ___________________ (produce) since the technological revolution. 4. Up to now, more and more problems about children _______ (pay) attention to. We find it common that parents and children lack communication. 5. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances (物质) ______________________ (discover) in the past years. has been finished have been built have been produced have been paid have been discovered 6. The new technology, which _____________ (apply) to rice growing since it was created, is increasing the grain output. 7. So many things _____________ (do) to save the local wildlife, such as setting up reserve and making laws. 8. It _____________ (prove) that this medicine is effective. 9. Over time a computer’s memory ______________ (develop) so much that, like an elephant, it never forgets anything I _______________(tell). 10. In recent years, a global campaign ______________ (launch) by the Space Agency to promote further development of the manned aviation. has been applied have been done has been proved has been developed have been told has been launched 把下列句子变成被动语态 1.Grandma has taken good care of the children all these years. The children ______________ by Grandma all these years.  2.The volunteers have planted thousands of trees along the river in the past few days. Thousands of trees 　　　　　　　　　 along the river in the past few days.  3.They have translated the book into more than twenty languages. The book 　　　　　　　　　 into more than twenty languages.  have been taken care of have been planted has been translated 把下列句子变成被动语态 4.To their joy, they have solved the difficult problem all by themselves. To their joy, the difficult problem______________ all by them.  5.The boss has appointed Tom manager of the engineering department to take the place of George. Tom 　　　　　　　　manager of the engineering department to take the place of George.  6.Unfortunately,with the development of industrialization, the factories have polluted the environment. Unfortunately, with the development of industrialization, the environment _________________by the factories.  has been solved has been appointed has been polluted 【课后作业】语法填空 China has developed a unique festival food culture throughout the years. Eating dumplings is a common folk custom for many Chinese on the day of winter solstice(冬至), especially people 1.　　　　　 live in the north.  When midwinter comes, vital movement begins to decline and calm down. In this period, 2.　　　　　 eaten in a right amount, some nuts such as peanuts, walnuts, and chestnuts are good for one’s body.  People in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, are accustomed to eating wontons in midwinter. According to 3.___________ old story, during the midwinter feast 2,500 years ago, the King of Wu 4.　　　　 (be) fed up with all kinds of costly foods and wanted to try 5.___________ (variety) of things. Then, the beauty Xishi made wontons to honour the king’s wish. He ate a lot and liked the food very much. Later, the people of Suzhou had wontons to celebrate the festival 6._________ (official).  who/that an was varieties if/when officially 【课后作业】语法填空 In places such as Shanghai, people eat tangyuan, a kind of small dumpling balls 7.　　　　　 (produce) with sticky rice flour (粉). In Yinchuan, Ningxia, people call midwinter the “Ghost Festival”. On that day, it is customary for people there to eat mutton soup with the dumplings in it. They give the midwinter soup a strange name and call it “brain”, which they usually share with 8.　　　　　 (they) relatives.  People in Taiwan keep the custom of providing nine-layer cakes 9._________ their ancestors. People from the same family gather at their ancestral temples to adore their ancestors in order of their ages. After 10. __________ (hold) the sacrificial ceremony, there is always a grand dinner.  produced for holding their 反思总结 本节学到了哪些知识？ 1.现在完成时被动语态的定义和结构 2.现在完成时被动语态的用法和注意事项 Thank you! $$