专题10 议论文阅读理解（名校真题精选）-2024～2025学年九年级英语上学期期末复习高效提分专练（广州专用）

专题10议论文阅读理解（名校真题精选）（共15篇） 一、议论文（Argumentation）： 定义 又叫说理文，是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。 特点 目的在于阐明观点，通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非等方法，来确定其观点正确或错误，树立或否定某种主张。文章通常有明确的论点、论据和论证过程，逻辑严密。例如，探讨某个社会问题的利弊、对一种观点进行支持或反驳等。 二、英语阅读理解的技巧和方法： Step1:先看题，题目中找关键词：数字，地名，人名，重要词汇 Step2:文章中进行定位，即关键词所在处划线，标题号 Step3:同义词替换，有的题目无需替换，有明显答案；有的需要近义词替换，或通过解释类来替换 Step4:选出最佳选项，仔细选择，注意混淆项的干扰。 三、英语阅读理解常考的题型及相应的答题指导： 题型 题型特点 答题指导 备注 (一)细节理解题 按顺序出题；每段 一题左右 1. 仔细阅读题目，确定关键词。 2. 带着关键词回到原文，定位相关信息。 3. 对比原文和选项，选出最符合原文细节的选项。 What do we know.../when/why..文章里一定有比较直白的答案点 (二)主旨大意题 要求概括文章的中心思想或主要内容。 1. 快速浏览全文，特别注意文章的首段、尾段以及每段的首句和尾句。 2. 综合这些关键部分的内容，总结出文章的主旨。 3. 对照选项，选择最能准确概括主旨的选项。 the best title看首段收尾句 Main idea看尾段收尾句 Suggestion/where it from看每段收尾句 (三)推理判断题 需要根据文章内容进行推理和判断。 1. 基于文章提供的事实和线索进行合理推断。 2. 注意不要过度推理，要以原文为依据。 3. 仔细分析选项，选择符合推理逻辑且有原文依据支持的选项。 英文不够强大，可用中文脑补，符合文章大逻辑 (四)词义猜测题 猜测文中生词或短语的含义。 1. 结合生词或短语所在的句子及上下文语境进行猜测。 2. 利用构词法知识辅助猜测。 3. 排除明显不符合语境的选项，选择最合理的释义。 上下文中找相关表达，注意词性保持一致，可用排除法（熟悉未必对，要结合语境意思） (五)观点态度题 判断作者对某一事物的态度。 1. 留意文中表达情感、观点的词汇和语句。 2. 分析作者的用词和语气。 3. 从选项中选择与分析结果相符的态度。 (六)文章结构题 总分总；总分；分总 四、真题训练 (1) Every day, one in five parents in the UK share a photo of their children on social media (社交媒体). It is a great way for friends and family to keep up to date with each other’s lives, some people think that children should have a say in whether pictures of themselves are posted online. So who can decide whether photos should be posted online or not? Some people think parents should always ask first. Parents may do this for good, but anything posted online may remain there forever. These may be seen by people who the children don’t want to share their childhood with. Children should have control of their own photos. Even if the parent thinks it is a nice picture, the children may not agree. Also, they may not want their friends to know what they have been doing in the holidays or who they are spending time with. For those who hold an opposite opinion, parents are able to decide what is best for their children. They share photos with people they know and trust. Social media is a great way to keep in touch with people and find out what family and friends are up to. Parents know how to set the right privacy settings to make sure the photos are only seen by friends and family. Besides, it is important that children’s real names and the location are hidden. Parents also select photos that won’t be awkward to the children because almost every child prefers to leave a good impression on others. It’s a great way to make memories, too. Since most people don’t keep printed photos in albums, social media is the perfect place to store them instead. 1. Why don’t children want their photos to be shared by parents online? A. Children disagree to share the photos with all the friends. B. Children dislike to share their holidays with their friends. C. Parents don’t show the real names of their children online. D. Parents don’t know how to print the online photos in albums. 2. What does the underlined “awkward” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A. Embarrassing. B. Amazing. C. Boring. D. Pleasing. 3. When may students allow parents to post the photos of them according to the passage? A. When their personal information is protected. B. When all the family members are in the photos. C. When the photos are easy to draw others’ attention. D. When every friend of the parents’ can see the photos. 4. What is this passage about? A. Teaching parents how to post photos online. B. Making the children understand their parents. C. Discussing who has the final say about photos posting online. D. Talking about the problems between parents and their children. (2) As online learning becomes more common and more and more resources are changed to digital form, some people have suggested that public libraries should be shut down and, in their place, everyone should be given an iPad with an e-reader subscription. Supporters of this idea state that it will save local cities and towns money because libraries are expensive to maintain. They also believe it will encourage more people to read because they won’t have to travel to a library to get a book; they can simply click on what they want to read and read it from wherever they are. However, it would be a serious mistake to replace libraries with tablets（平板电脑）. First, digital books and resources bring less learning and more problems than print resources. A study done on tablet vs book reading found people read 20-30% slower on tablets, remember 20% less information, and understand 10% less of what they read compared to people who read the same information in print. Second, it is too narrow to think that the only service a library offers is lending books. Libraries have many benefits, and many are only available if the library has a physical location. Some of these benefits include acting as a quiet study space, giving people a way to talk with their neighbors, holding classes on different kinds of topics, providing jobs, answering patron questions, and keeping the community connected. A survey conducted in 2015 found that nearly two-thirds of American adults felt that closing their local library would have a major impact on their community. People see libraries as a way to connect with others and get their questions answered. The benefits tablets can’t offer nearly as well or as easily. While replacing libraries with tablets may seem like a simple solution, it would encourage people to spend even more time looking at digital screens, despite the various issues surrounding them. It would also end access to many of the benefits of libraries that people have come to rely on. In many areas, libraries are such an important part of the community network that they could never be replaced by a simple object. 5. What does the underlined word “maintain” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. build B. keep C. find D. visit 6. What can we learn from Paragraph land 2? A. People can learn on line. B. People can learn without teachers. C. Public libraries have disappeared. D. Public libraries are too expensive. 7. According to the passage, the author probably agrees that________. A. it’s inefficient for readers to read on tablets B. the only service libraries offer is book lending C. public libraries should be replaced with digital devices D. digital books and resources encourage people to spend more time reading 8. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To persuade（说服）people to use libraries. B. To emphasize（强调）the benefits of libraries. C. To encourage communities to build more libraries. D To compare digital books and resources with real books. (3) 赤壁 唐 杜牧 折戟沉沙铁未销，自将磨洗认前朝。 东风不与周郎便，铜雀春深锁二乔。 The Red Cliff We dig out broken halberds buried in the sand, And wash and rub these relics of an ancient war. Had the east wind refused to give a helping hand, Southern beauties would have been captives on northern shore. (Translated by Xu Yuanchong) Historical poems are never just about things that happened in the past. They make people think about their own situation in the present. In this poem, for example, the poet Du Mu (803-852) used a historical story to show how upset he felt at the time, as he never had a chance to achieve his political (政治的) goals. The story is about the Battle of the Red Cliff, one of the best-known battles of the Three Kingdoms period (220-280). In the first two lines, Du tells us that he finds a weapon (武器) buried (掩埋) deep in the sand. After cleaning it, he realizes that it’s from the Battle of the Red Cliff. Then he starts to recall the story. “East wind” was the godsend (天赐的) wind that helped General Zhou Yu win. The wind fanned a fire that damaged Cao Cao’s fleet. If adviser Zhuge Liang had not guessed the direction of the wind, Zhou would not have won the battle. His wife and sister-in-law would be captured by Cao. The poet admires Zhuge Liang’s important role in the battle, but also feels sad about his own situation. Du had military dreams himself, but never got a chance to show his talent. In the hopes of having a better government, he often wrote letters to the royal court (朝廷). The letters criticized (批评) policies and military strategies (策略) of that time. However, they made little difference. About 50 years after Du’s death, the Tang Dynasty came to an end. 9. The followings are true except that ________. A. Du Mu wrote about the weapon and then recalled about the battle B. Cao Cao captured Zhou’s wife and finally won the battle C. Zhuge Liang was a great role in the battle in Du Mu’s mind D. Du Mu’s criticism on policies and military strategies was paid little attention to 10. In the poem, which sentence stresses the need for talented people to catch the right moment? A. We dig out broken halberds buried in the sand. B. And wash and rub these relics of an ancient war. C. Had the east wind refused to give a helping hand. D. Southern beauties would have been captives on northern shore. 11. Du Mu wrote the poem in order to ________. A. tell people about the past B. inform others about the meaning of life C. help people think about what they do now D. express his feelings about his unsuccessful political life 12. We can infer from the story that ________. A. the Tang Dynasty finally became better government after the poet’s death B. though Zhuge Liang was a success in the battle, but he was not happy about his own situation C. Du Mu was a man with military ambition and wanted to help the government D. Zhuge Liang was Zhou Yu’s enemy (4) China’s Double 11 online shopping festival is now getting greener. It has become a test field where some companies are trying to make a difference in lower carbon emissions. In 2021, Tmall gave out 100 million yuan worth of shopping vouchers (代金券). The company encouraged people to buy green products with the vouchers. JD. com also joined in the activity. There were more than 150 million green products at the shopping festival. Besides, JD. com said it would choose cleaner transportation to make the world greener. ZTO Express also took some action to achieve the goal last year. It handed out more than 11 million recyclable bags, taking the place of about 1.16 billion disposable (一次性的) bags. It was helpful in saving our environment. At the same time, Cainiao gave out 7.5 million eggs to people who took part in the box recycling activity. On the one hand, the old bags can be recycled and on the other hand, customers can get something useful in their daily lives. There are also signs that customers are becoming “greener” in their shopping habits. For example, most people only buy things they really need instead of the things they already have. “During the Double 11, I bought a coffee maker that is much cheaper than on normal days. The activity of getting new ones with old products can help us avoid wasting money,” said Bi Xin, a customer in Shenzhen. The shopping festival on November 11 is not only a festival for shopping now. It’s also a useful way to help more people realize what a green life is and then take action. 13. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A. How some companies made the world greener. B. What people got during the shopping festival. C. Why some companies sold green products. D. When JD. com began to change the transportation. 14. The eggs were given out to ________. A. remind people not to waste food B. encourage people to protect the environment C. introduce the shopping festival to people D. give people information about green products 15. The writer talks about the shopping habits in Paragraph 4 to ________. A. teach people how to save money B. tell people old things can be reused C. show the change of people’s shopping habits D. introduce the advantages of online shopping (5) Many people take running as a way to keep fit. They like to run in hot weather and enjoy the feeling of being wet through with sweat while running. Cold weather during winter months, with low temperatures and freezing cold winds, may keep many people from running in the open air. However, a new study shows that the drop in temperature is a good reason to run. In fact, running in cold weather helps improve one’s performance. Many runners might find it easier to run in winter than in hot weather. Lower temperatures reduce stress on the body. When you run in cold weather, your heart rate is lower. And the body needs less water on a cold day than in warm weather because dehydration levels are lower in winter than in warmer conditions. John Brewer is a professor of applied sports science at ST. Mary’s University in London. For this study, he and other researchers put a group of people into a room where summer and winter weather conditions are recreated. The test subjects, were asked to run 10,000 meters under both conditions and their biological measurements were recorded and studied. From the study, every movement runners make produces heat. The heat can be really damaging unless the body can lose it. One way in which people lose heat is by sweating. The body loses heat through droplets of sweet. The body also loses it by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin and it puts more stress on the heart, particularly in hot conditions because it’s much harder to lose heat when the outside environment is warm. As the result shows running in hot temperatures results in 6 percent higher heart rates. When running in cold conditions, the body does not have to work hard to pump blood to the skin surface. Therefore, it requires less energy. The most important thing for people who run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing. Keep as dry as possible when exercising in low temperatures. Wear mittens on your hands instead of gloves. Wear more than one layer of clothing to keep sweat away from your skin. So don’t let winter weather keep you indoors. Simply get ready for the low temperatures and start running. 16. Why do most people dislike running outdoors in winter? A. It’s too cold. B. It’s hard to run. C. It’s too easy to sweat. D. It’s bad for the heart rate. 17. What does the underline word ＂dehydration＂ in Paragraph 3 means the loss of ______from the body. A. water B. heat C. stress D. blood 18. Why did John Brewer make a group of people run in a room? A. It was easier to be reduce stress. B. It was easier to produce heat. C. It was easier to recreate different weather conditions. D. It was easier to record their biological measurements. 19. What should people wear while running in cold winter? A. A hat. B. Gloves. C. More clothing. D. More than one layer of clothing. 20. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To tell people not to run in summer. B. To describe how runners run in winter. C. To encourage people to run outdoors in winter. D. To compare the advantages of running in winter and in summer. (6) Many people travel to different places in the world by air. Usually it takes a long time, perhaps half a day, for passengers to stay in the plane. So airlines offer passengers food. But it is common that they feel bad about food taste. To solve this problem, airlines try hard to improve their food. They would like to do so because they don’t want to lose customers. However, according to scientific research, part of the reason why plane food tastes bad is that at high altitude we can not taste things as well as we do on the ground. Also scientists have found that our noses become very dry even before a plane takes off. As the plane moves up, the change in air pressure reduces one third of the sensibility of our taste buds (味蕾). So our taste buds become senseless. The sad fact, however, is that our noses don’t know it. All of these help explain why food on the plane tastes so bad. They also help explain why airlines choose to offer passengers salty and spicy food. Without doing so, the food would be tasteless. Now there are many researches on this. According to one of them, some volunteers are asked to lie with their feet higher than their heads for weeks. And scientists write down their feelings about food taste. Though scientists try their best, it is not as easy as they thought. Because they can’t deal with the special environment successfully, such as the change in air pressure, making food taste good is still hard for them. 21. In Paragraph 2, “this problem” means ________. A. passengers stay long in the plane B. food on the plane does not taste good C. airlines do not offer food in time D. food on the plane is expensive 22. Which is the reason why plane food tastes bad? A. Food will easily go bad at high altitude. B. People’s noses become too dry to smell anything. C. The change in air pressure reduces part of the sensibility to taste. D. Plane food is not salty and spicy enough. 23. Why do scientists feel it hard to make food on the plane taste good? A. Because there are not enough researchers on this. B. Because different people have different tastes for food. C. Because volunteers can’t lie with their feet higher for long. D. Because the environment on the plane is too special to deal with. 24. What is the best title of the passage? A. Taste of Airplane Food B. Airplane Travel C. Scientific Research on Taste Buds D. The Change in Air Pressure (7) When you hear the word “shapeshifting” (变身), you may think of sci-fi (科幻), and not the climate. But that’s what animals are doing to deal with climate change. A new study shows that some animals are gradually growing larger beaks, legs and ears. In this way they can lose heat more easily to cool themselves down as the earth gets warmer. “A lot of the time when we talk about climate change, we ask ‘Can humans overcome this?’ or ‘What technology can solve this?’ But we should know that animals also have to adapt to these changes,” said the study’s author, Sara Ryding, from Deakin University, Australia. If animals fail to control their body temperature, they can overheat and die. In one example, the beaks of some Australian parrot species (物种) have grown 4 to 10 percent larger since 1871. The study says it is closely related (相关的) to rising summer temperature over the years. Similar examples include wood mice. They have longer tails. Masked shrews (假面鼩鼱) are getting longer tails and legs, and bats in warm climates have bigger wings. Although the changes are still small, Ryding said they could be more clear as the days become hotter. “Body parts like ears are predicted to be bigger, so we might end up with a live-action Dumbo (big-eared elephant from a Disney cartoon) in the near future,” Ryding told BBC. Although animals are changing their body shapes, scientists warn that it doesn’t mean everything is fine. It just means they are trying hard to live. Not all animals will succeed. “The climate change that we have created is giving a whole lot of pressure on them, and while some animals will adapt, others will not,” said Ryding. 25. Animals change their shapes along with climate change to ________. A. collect heat B. stay alive C. hide themselves D. find more food 26. The underlined phrase “adapt to” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “________”. A. fit B. control C. influence D. cause 27. Paragraph 4 is written to ________. A. guess other reasons for animals’ change B. report how many species have changed C. show examples of animals’ shapeshifting D. show how many stages animals’ shapeshifting has 28. The best title for the passage might be ________. A. Climate Change B. Elephants’ Shapeshifting C. Grow With the Climate D. Control Body Temperatures (8) Even after 10 p.m., a video meeting between a group of students is still going strong. For these students, who are devoted to self-study, this virtual meeting is like a library. The virtual self-study room (虚拟自习室) has become a popular silent space to work alongside other students. An eight-hour video, posted in March, shows the self-study rooms of many top Chinese universities. These rooms have become a warm place for people who enjoy a good learning atmosphere. “At first, I was just looking for a partner to prepare for the IELTS exam together. I never expected it to be so popular,” said Yue Yetu, who started an online steam. “It amazed me that over 150 people were online at the same time. The participants included teenagers and adults, most of whom were preparing for their examinations. Greatly motivated, Yue has passed her exam but she still keeps the virtual self-study room running. “They don’t have to turn on the cameras in the room. However, many of them would prefer to fire up the webcam because it reminds them not to be distracted.” Yue said. Yue also set up a chat group, where dozens of members shared their learning process and ups and downs in life. “I received a lot of support from it, and I was deeply moved,” said Chen Yihan, a participant. To Yue, her virtual self-study room has far-reaching meaning. On a winter day, a pair of siblings (姐妹) showed up in her room, wearing fingerless gloves and reading in the low light. Seeing that, she decided to keep the room running for 24 hours. She said they made her realize the meaning of creating such an online space. 29. What is the virtual self-study room like for the students who are devoted to self-study? A. It is a place where they can socialize with friends. B. It is a library where they can find resources and study quietly. C. It is a platform where they can watch videos and take online courses. D. It is an online marketplace where they can buy and sell study materials. 30. Why did Yue Yetu start an online study stream? A. To find a partner to prepare for the IELTS exam together. B. To create a platform for people to share their learning process. C. To provide a space for people to discuss their ups and downs in life. D. To encourage people to turn on their cameras during the virtual meetings. 31. Why do many participants prefer to turn on their webcams during the virtual meetings? A. To show off their appearance and impress others. B. To have face-to-face conversations with other participants. C. To remind themselves not lo be distracted while studying. D. To share their learning progress with others through video recordings. 32. What did Yue realize after seeing the siblings reading in the low light in her virtual self-study room? A. She realized that the virtual self-study room should be open 24 hours a day. B. She realized that she needed to improve the lighting in her own study room. C. She realized that she should start offering one-on-one tutoring sessions in the virtual self-study room. D. She realized the importance of creating such an online space for people to learn together. (9) “No man is an island.” is a well-known line from John Donne’s Devotion, written more than three hundred years ago. Even now people still agree with him. No one can live a completely isolated life. Without other people, life becomes empty and sad. We all need to have friends. For some of us, making new friends is difficult. Feeling embarrassed, we may not want to make the first move. It is also difficult at times to keep the friends we already have. There are many books about friendship, but Dale Carnegie’s How to Win Friends and Influence People, written in 1936, is the most famous. This “How to” book about getting along with other people became a best seller. It was later translated into 28 languages. Carnegie’s advice seems to be simple, but can his advice help you? Do you need to change the way you act? Here is a list of advice from his book: 1. Be friendly and polite. Always greet people with a smile. Begin with “excuse me” or “would you please” when you want to ask somebody to do something. Remember to say “thank you” and try to be as helpful as you can. 2. Go out of your way to be nice. Find some time to do special things for other people. Making some soup for a sick neighbor may seem like a little thing to you, but it will make your neighbor feel a lot better. 3. Remember names. They say that the sweetest music to a person’s ears is the sound of his or her own name. 4. Be open-minded. Try to understand other people’s ways and ideas and learn something from them. 5. Listen patiently. When someone is talking to you, look at him or her, listen carefully and say something when necessary. 33. The underlined sentence “No one can live a completely isolated life.” means “ ________” in the passage. A. No one can live a hard life. B. No one can live without difficulty. C. No one can live alone. D. No one can live on an island. 34. Some of us feel it not easy to make friends because ________. A. we are afraid to make bad friends B. we are shy to take the first action C. we feel worried that we won’t be able to keep our friends D. we feel sure that we already have enough friends 35. We can learn from this passage that ________. A. John Donne learned something from Dale Carnegie B. friends are always friends C. not many people bought Carnegie’s book D. the writer of this passage agrees with John Donne and Dale Carnegie 36. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Carnegie’s book? A. Say “excuse me” before you ask. B. Don’t visit your neighbors too often. C. Think more about others. D. People enjoy hearing their own names. (10) Conflict (冲突) happens when two people disagree because of their own goals, values, or beliefs. It’s not always as simple as an argument. Instead, conflict is what happens right before the argument; it’s what the two people disagree about before they start calling each other names. What may cause conflict? Parents and teenagers have many chances to experience conflict with one another. Teenage years are a time when independence and parental influence fight, since teens are able to think on their own but still live with parents who have rules and expectations for them. Teenagers don’t necessarily hold the same beliefs and values as their parents, and their goal to have fun often conflicts with their parents’ goal to keep them safe. If kids don’t come back home at the time when they’re supposed to, their parents will get worried. A worried parent becomes a scolding (责骂的) parent. The conflict happens. Sometimes, teens want to have noisy fun while their parents want to sleep. This is a common conflict that happens every day. Also, parents and teenagers usually prefer different types of music. So when parents don’t like the music the kids are listening to, they are more likely to tell them to turn it down. Then conflict begins. This may not be totally true. However, one thing is for sure: parents might use the teenager’s exam results to judge (判断) him/her. Every time the parents’ expectations aren’t met, they will scold their kids. And the conflict happens. How to deal with conflict? See each other as friends in the common goals you agree on. Such goals usually include keeping teens safe and seeing them make success. Pay attention to these goals to avoid getting unsatisfied with each other. List possible solutions to the conflict together. You can try listing creative ideas, whether they seem reasonable or not. Creativity is your friend when you’re solving any problem in life, including conflict with others. 37. What does the underlined phrase “calling each other names” mean? A. Singing loudly to each other. B. Speaking angrily to each other. C Making a call to someone. D. Making someone feel at home. 38. Why do teenagers and parents get into conflict? A. They have different beliefs and values. B. They live independent lives separately. C. They hold common views on teenage years. D. They don’t show much patience to each other. 39. How can a teenager solve conflict with parents? A. By writing down creative ideas with parents. B. By writing an article about different opinions. C. By spending more time talking with parents. D. By making parents change their opinions. 40. In which section of the magazine Family would you probably read this article? A. Activities. B. Rules. C. Relationship. D. Possessions. (11) What is your school life like? Can you keep a balance between your schoolwork and activities? If you have any problem who do you want to talk with? Maybe you are not willing to share them with family members or close friends. Then a youth coach might be a good choice. A youth coach helps you develop life skills while providing guidance for you. A youth coach can also help you learn how to manage stress. Simon Waltz set up a youth coaching company five years ago. “I offer teenagers a place to talk. I help them find out problems, and then we work them out together,” said Waltz. John’s grades were once very terrible. And he didn’t worry at all. Waltz helped him decide on his future plan. Now John is serious about his schoolwork, and he hopes to get into a top university and be a great doctor in the future. Not only John but also other teenagers gained from youth coaching. Orella is among them. She said, “I thank my life coach Bella Miranda. Her advice is always helpful. I’m really happy to have her by my side at the difficult moments.” Orella was afraid of talking with people and she didn’t know how to get on well with her classmates. Bella Miranda talked with Orella about the things she really enjoyed. By joining the school violin club, Orella has made several new friends. By sharing interesting trips with her classmates, Orella has kept a good relationship with them. It is not surprising that you get yourself into trouble. Sometimes it is hard for you to solve it. Maybe you can ask a youth coach for help. He or she can help you solve the problem and achieve success. 41. Why does the writer ask the questions in Paragraph 1? A. To ask for information. B. To introduce the topic. C. To express his doubts. D. To give examples. 42. What can a youth coach do for teenagers? ①guide teenagers ②help teenagers develop life skills ③solve the problems together with teenagers ④share teenagers’ problems with their family members ⑤keep a balance between teenagers’ schoolwork and activities A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②⑤ D. ②③⑤ 43. What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. John always has an interest in study. B. Waltz made a future plan instead of John. C. Waltz is the founder of the youth coaching company. D. With the help of Waltz, John finally achieved his dream. 44. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To tell teenagers what a youth coach can do for them. B. To advise teenagers to become a youth coach in the future. C. To introduce teenagers to the advantages of being a youth coach. D. To encourage teenagers to turn to a youth coach for help in face of problems. (12) Although you’ve probably heard otherwise, everyone dreams. Even dogs and cats dream. Facts like these can be hard to believe. On the other hand, a lot of myths about dreams seem to be true. Can you tell the difference between myth and fact? * Myth or Fact? Remembering dreams is a sign of sleeping better. Myth. There are many factors that cause us to remember dreams, but quality of sleep is not one of them. In fact, some scientists say that it’s easier to remember a dream after a bad night’s sleep rather than a good one. * Myth or Fact? It’s easier for some people to remember their dreams than it is for others. Fact. Scientists don’t know why, but people who are more sensitive to sounds tend to remember their dreams. If you’d like to become better at remembering dreams yourself, experts recommend immediately writing down the previous night’s dreams when you wake up. You may even impress yourself with how much more you can remember. You see it all the time in movies: someone has a dream that appears to predict the future. But could it actually happen? Let’s find out! * Myth or Fact? Abraham Lincoln dreamt about his own death right before it happened. Myth. This famous story about the American president was started by his bodyguard. Although this story has been around for over 100 years, the details of the story often changed. This proved that the bodyguard was lying. * Myth or Fact? Dreams about the future sometimes come true. Fact. Nineteen people told their friends that they dreamt about the sinking of the Titanic before it happened. It may be hard to believe, but these claims were confirmed to be true. There are also similar stories about dreams that predicted other terrible events, such as 9/11. These are just a few of the many interesting myths and facts about dreams. From the unknown factors that help us remember our dreams to unbelievable stories about predicting the future, dreams truly are mysterious! 45. What should you do if you want to become better at remembering your dreams? A. B. C. D. 46. Which of the following are scientists unable to explain? A. The events that caused the Titanic to sink. B. Some factors that lead to poor quality of sleep. C. The reason that Abraham Lincoln’s bodyguard would lie. D. The fact that some people can remember their dreams and others can’t. 47. Which of the following were proven to be predicted by a dream? A. The event of September 11, 2001. B. The death of Abraham Lincoln. C. The hiring of a bodyguard. D. The building of Titanic. 48. What is the best title of the passage? A. Uncovering the Truth about Dreams B. Myths About Dreams Are True C. Different People Have Different Dreams D. Scientists’ Opinions on Dreams (13) What makes people gain weight? This seems like a simple enough question to answer. If we eat a lot and don’t do enough exercise, we will become fat. However, the science behind weight problems is more complicated than we think. As we know, what we eat greatly affects our weight. It is widely accepted that people have 100% control over what they eat and how much they eat. This, however, is only partly true. People form habits around food at a young age. You may rarely touch vegetables while overeating fried chicken. Meanwhile, the serving size and the background music can both affect how much we eat. Our bodies themselves can decide whether we are more likely to gain weight or lose weight. Scientists have found that the more delicious the food is, the more excited our brains get. If we often have delicious food, over time, our brains will change. Compared to people of normal weight, fat people feel more excited when they see delicious food. Now you know why fat people often have a tough time losing weight. They may have tried very hard. but their bodies are working against their will. Also, our bodies use a variety of hormones (激素) to tell our brains whether they are hungry or full. Ghrelin, for example, tells the brain that the body wants food. Leptin, meanwhile, tells the brain that it’s time to stop eating. Ghrelin and leptin help us to maintain a healthy weight. But sometimes, they may work improperly. As we get fatter, the levels of leptin in our bodies rise. Our brains are told not to eat all the time. In the end, they would no longer trust Leptin and would stop responding to its “warnings”. When we start to lose weight, Leptin levels drop. Our brains think we are hungry and make us find food in our fridges. 49. The following can affect what or how much we eat EXCEPT ______. A. eating habits B. serving size C. background music D. the colour of food 50. Which is the best for the blank in the picture? A. Ghrelin maintains a healthy weight. B. Hunger causes Ghrelin levels to rise. C. Ghrelin works against a person’s will. D. Brain responds lo Ghrelin’s “warning”. 51. The underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refers to ______. A. our bodies B. our brains C. the warmings D. the levels 52. In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article? A. Health. B. Education. C. Environment. D. Fashion. (14) As graduation day approached, excitement increased. Being out of high school meant I was finally coming of age. Soon I would be on my own, making my own decisions, doing what I wanted without someone looking over my shoulder and it meant going to school with boys—a welcome change coming from an all-girl high school. There was never any question in my mind that I would go to a college away from home. My mother’s idea, on the other hand, was just the opposite. Trying her best not to force her preferences on me, she would subtly ask whether I had considered particular schools—all of which happened to be located in or near my hometown of Chicago. Then panic set in. My feelings took a 180-degree turn. I really didn’t want to leave high school at all, and it was questionable whether I wanted to grow up after all. It had been nice being respected as a senior by the underclass students for the past year; I didn’t enjoy the idea of being on the bottom rung of the ladder again. Despite months of expectation, nothing could have prepared me for the impact of the actual day. As the familiar melody(旋律) of “Pomp and Circumstance” echoed(回声) in the background, I looked around at the other figures in white caps and gowns as we seriously lined into the hall. Tears welled up uncontrollably in my eyes, and I was consumed by a rush of sadness. As if in a daze(恍惚), I rose from my seat when I heard my name called and slowly crossed the stage to receive my diploma. As I reached out my hand, I knew that I was reaching not just for a piece of paper but for a brand-new life. Exciting as the future of a new life seemed, it wasn’t easy saying good-bye to the old one—the familiar faces, the familiar routine. I would even miss that chemistry class I wasn’t particularly fond of and the long travel each day between home and school that I hated. Good or bad, it was what I knew. Although going back is impossible, it’s comforting to know I can revisit my special memories any time. 53. The author’s mother ________. A. did not care very much which college her daughter went to B. was greatly disappointed at her decision to go to a college on the East Coast C. willingly allowed her to go to a college of her own choice D. wished that she would study at a college or university close to home 54. On the actual graduation day, ________. A. she sang a song “Pomp and Circumstance” B. reaching out for diploma, she was aware of a new stage in life ahead of her C. she came to realize that she had a passion for her old school D. she went through the whole ceremony in a daze 55. What does the underlined part “being on the bottom rung of the ladder” mean? A. Being a freshman. B. Being an unpopular student. C. Being a loser. D. Being a childish person. 56. What does the author mainly describes in this article? A. Her happiness to be admitted to a wonderful university. B. Her eagerness to go to a wonderful university far away from home. C. Her excitement during the months leading to the graduation ceremony. D. Her mixed feelings during the months before and on graduation day. (15) Everyone feels stressed sometimes. Maybe you have a family situation that needs extra time and attention. Maybe you have a hard time with your friends or classmates. Maybe you are ill or don’t do well in your studies. So what can you do when you feel angry, worried and stressed about the things that are out of your control? I believe that if you add stress management in your daily life, you can more easily deal with your stressful situations. Follow these tips to invite peace and happiness into your life. Exercise One way to work off stress and worries is to get moving. You can do sports or just take a walk. One of the benefits of exercising is that you will all feel calmer and happier afterwards. Smile Smiling and laughing can make you relaxed. A good joke with a friend, a good movie with your family or just smiling at the sunshine work well. Listen to music Music is one of the best ways to reduce stress and it is popular with people of all ages. Pick the music you like. It’s usually more effective when you choose something quiet. Listen to music that makes you feel relaxed and calm. Do some reading Reading is also a good way to fight against stress. Any book that gives a good, positive message about the world or the people in it can help you feel better. Be close to nature Go out and smell the fresh air. Can you hear the birds singing and feeling the gentle wind on your skin? Bring your peaceful scene to mind the next time you are feeling annoyed. Your stress will be released by nature. Be grateful There is always something you can be thankful for. Sometimes it is as simple as the breakfast your mom makes for you. Think about all the things that are good in your life. Positive thinking brings you more good things to feel good about. Next time you face stress, don’t worry. Just think about the above tips, give yourself time alone or with the people you love. Remember: a good mood brings you a healthy body. 57. What’s the purpose of writing this article? A. To help people relax themselves. B. To tell people what a healthy life is. C. To give tips on having a strong body. D. To show ways of solving problems. 58. Lucy was sad because she broke her leg and had to stay in bed for a few weeks. What better advice would you give her? ①Exercise. ②Smile. ③Listen to music. ④Do some reading.⑤Be close to nature.⑥Be grateful. A. ①④⑥ B. ①⑤⑥ C. ②③④ D. ②③⑤ 59. In which part of a newspaper can you read this article? A. Sports B. Life C. Fashion D. Travel 60. Which of the following probably matches the writer’s opinion? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. The early bird catches the worms. C. In time of danger, one’s mind works fast. D. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题10议论文阅读理解（名校真题精选）（共15篇） 一、议论文（Argumentation）： 定义 又叫说理文，是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。 特点 目的在于阐明观点，通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非等方法，来确定其观点正确或错误，树立或否定某种主张。文章通常有明确的论点、论据和论证过程，逻辑严密。例如，探讨某个社会问题的利弊、对一种观点进行支持或反驳等。 二、英语阅读理解的技巧和方法： Step1:先看题，题目中找关键词：数字，地名，人名，重要词汇 Step2:文章中进行定位，即关键词所在处划线，标题号 Step3:同义词替换，有的题目无需替换，有明显答案；有的需要近义词替换，或通过解释类来替换 Step4:选出最佳选项，仔细选择，注意混淆项的干扰。 三、英语阅读理解常考的题型及相应的答题指导： 题型 题型特点 答题指导 备注 (一)细节理解题 按顺序出题；每段 一题左右 1. 仔细阅读题目，确定关键词。 2. 带着关键词回到原文，定位相关信息。 3. 对比原文和选项，选出最符合原文细节的选项。 What do we know.../when/why..文章里一定有比较直白的答案点 (二)主旨大意题 要求概括文章的中心思想或主要内容。 1. 快速浏览全文，特别注意文章的首段、尾段以及每段的首句和尾句。 2. 综合这些关键部分的内容，总结出文章的主旨。 3. 对照选项，选择最能准确概括主旨的选项。 the best title看首段收尾句 Main idea看尾段收尾句 Suggestion/where it from看每段收尾句 (三)推理判断题 需要根据文章内容进行推理和判断。 1. 基于文章提供的事实和线索进行合理推断。 2. 注意不要过度推理，要以原文为依据。 3. 仔细分析选项，选择符合推理逻辑且有原文依据支持的选项。 英文不够强大，可用中文脑补，符合文章大逻辑 (四)词义猜测题 猜测文中生词或短语的含义。 1. 结合生词或短语所在的句子及上下文语境进行猜测。 2. 利用构词法知识辅助猜测。 3. 排除明显不符合语境的选项，选择最合理的释义。 上下文中找相关表达，注意词性保持一致，可用排除法（熟悉未必对，要结合语境意思） (五)观点态度题 判断作者对某一事物的态度。 1. 留意文中表达情感、观点的词汇和语句。 2. 分析作者的用词和语气。 3. 从选项中选择与分析结果相符的态度。 (六)文章结构题 总分总；总分；分总 四、真题训练 (1) Every day, one in five parents in the UK share a photo of their children on social media (社交媒体). It is a great way for friends and family to keep up to date with each other’s lives, some people think that children should have a say in whether pictures of themselves are posted online. So who can decide whether photos should be posted online or not? Some people think parents should always ask first. Parents may do this for good, but anything posted online may remain there forever. These may be seen by people who the children don’t want to share their childhood with. Children should have control of their own photos. Even if the parent thinks it is a nice picture, the children may not agree. Also, they may not want their friends to know what they have been doing in the holidays or who they are spending time with. For those who hold an opposite opinion, parents are able to decide what is best for their children. They share photos with people they know and trust. Social media is a great way to keep in touch with people and find out what family and friends are up to. Parents know how to set the right privacy settings to make sure the photos are only seen by friends and family. Besides, it is important that children’s real names and the location are hidden. Parents also select photos that won’t be awkward to the children because almost every child prefers to leave a good impression on others. It’s a great way to make memories, too. Since most people don’t keep printed photos in albums, social media is the perfect place to store them instead. 1. Why don’t children want their photos to be shared by parents online? A. Children disagree to share the photos with all the friends. B. Children dislike to share their holidays with their friends. C. Parents don’t show the real names of their children online. D. Parents don’t know how to print the online photos in albums. 2. What does the underlined “awkward” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A. Embarrassing. B. Amazing. C. Boring. D. Pleasing. 3. When may students allow parents to post the photos of them according to the passage? A. When their personal information is protected. B. When all the family members are in the photos. C. When the photos are easy to draw others’ attention. D. When every friend of the parents’ can see the photos. 4. What is this passage about? A. Teaching parents how to post photos online. B. Making the children understand their parents. C. Discussing who has the final say about photos posting online. D. Talking about the problems between parents and their children. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要论述了谁可以决定是否将照片放在网上。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 1 推理判断题 根据文中“These may be seen by people who the children don’t want to share their childhood with.”可知，孩子并不想和所有朋友分享 A 2 词义猜测题 根据文中“because almost every child prefers to leave a good impression on others.”可知，几乎每个孩子都喜欢给别人留下好印象，所以父母会选择不会让孩子尴尬的照片，awkward应意为“尴尬的”，与Embarrassing同义 A 3 细节理解题 根据文中“They share photos with people they know and trust.…Parents know how to set the right privacy settings to make sure the photos are only seen by friends and family. Besides, it is important that children’s real names and the location are hidden.”可知，如果他们的个人信息被保护的话，学生会同意父母上传他们的照片 A 4 主旨大意题 根据文中“So who can decide whether photos should be posted online or not?”可知，本文主要讨论谁可以决定是否将照片放在网上 C (2) As online learning becomes more common and more and more resources are changed to digital form, some people have suggested that public libraries should be shut down and, in their place, everyone should be given an iPad with an e-reader subscription. Supporters of this idea state that it will save local cities and towns money because libraries are expensive to maintain. They also believe it will encourage more people to read because they won’t have to travel to a library to get a book; they can simply click on what they want to read and read it from wherever they are. However, it would be a serious mistake to replace libraries with tablets（平板电脑）. First, digital books and resources bring less learning and more problems than print resources. A study done on tablet vs book reading found people read 20-30% slower on tablets, remember 20% less information, and understand 10% less of what they read compared to people who read the same information in print. Second, it is too narrow to think that the only service a library offers is lending books. Libraries have many benefits, and many are only available if the library has a physical location. Some of these benefits include acting as a quiet study space, giving people a way to talk with their neighbors, holding classes on different kinds of topics, providing jobs, answering patron questions, and keeping the community connected. A survey conducted in 2015 found that nearly two-thirds of American adults felt that closing their local library would have a major impact on their community. People see libraries as a way to connect with others and get their questions answered. The benefits tablets can’t offer nearly as well or as easily. While replacing libraries with tablets may seem like a simple solution, it would encourage people to spend even more time looking at digital screens, despite the various issues surrounding them. It would also end access to many of the benefits of libraries that people have come to rely on. In many areas, libraries are such an important part of the community network that they could never be replaced by a simple object. 5. What does the underlined word “maintain” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. build B. keep C. find D. visit 6. What can we learn from Paragraph land 2? A. People can learn on line. B. People can learn without teachers. C. Public libraries have disappeared. D. Public libraries are too expensive. 7. According to the passage, the author probably agrees that________. A. it’s inefficient for readers to read on tablets B. the only service libraries offer is book lending C. public libraries should be replaced with digital devices D. digital books and resources encourage people to spend more time reading 8. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To persuade（说服）people to use libraries. B. To emphasize（强调）the benefits of libraries. C. To encourage communities to build more libraries. D To compare digital books and resources with real books. 【解析】 【导语】这篇短文主要讨论了平板电脑无法代替图书馆这一观点。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 5 词句猜测题 根据第二段“Supporters of this idea state that it will save local cities and towns money because libraries are expensive to maintain.”可知，此处表示由于图书馆成本高，可为当地节省资金，即“维护”图书馆的成本很高，结合选项，“keep”有保持维护之意。 B 6 细节理解题 根据第一段“As online learning becomes more common and more and more resources are changed to digital form”及第二段“they can simply click on what they want to read and read it from wherever they are.”可知两段都讲述了人们可以实现在线学习。 A 7 推理判断题 根据“A study done on tablet vs book reading found people read 20-30% slower on tablets, remember 20% less information, and understand 10% less of what they read compared to people who read the same information in print.”可知平板阅读速度比纸质书籍慢，即“效率低下”。 A 8 主旨大意题 根据最后一段“In many areas, libraries are such an important part of the community network that they could never be replaced by a simple object.”结合全文内容，可知本文主要讲述了平板电脑无法代替图书馆这一观点，强调了图书馆的好处。 B (3) 赤壁 唐 杜牧 折戟沉沙铁未销，自将磨洗认前朝。 东风不与周郎便，铜雀春深锁二乔。 The Red Cliff We dig out broken halberds buried in the sand, And wash and rub these relics of an ancient war. Had the east wind refused to give a helping hand, Southern beauties would have been captives on northern shore. (Translated by Xu Yuanchong) Historical poems are never just about things that happened in the past. They make people think about their own situation in the present. In this poem, for example, the poet Du Mu (803-852) used a historical story to show how upset he felt at the time, as he never had a chance to achieve his political (政治的) goals. The story is about the Battle of the Red Cliff, one of the best-known battles of the Three Kingdoms period (220-280). In the first two lines, Du tells us that he finds a weapon (武器) buried (掩埋) deep in the sand. After cleaning it, he realizes that it’s from the Battle of the Red Cliff. Then he starts to recall the story. “East wind” was the godsend (天赐的) wind that helped General Zhou Yu win. The wind fanned a fire that damaged Cao Cao’s fleet. If adviser Zhuge Liang had not guessed the direction of the wind, Zhou would not have won the battle. His wife and sister-in-law would be captured by Cao. The poet admires Zhuge Liang’s important role in the battle, but also feels sad about his own situation. Du had military dreams himself, but never got a chance to show his talent. In the hopes of having a better government, he often wrote letters to the royal court (朝廷). The letters criticized (批评) policies and military strategies (策略) of that time. However, they made little difference. About 50 years after Du’s death, the Tang Dynasty came to an end. 9. The followings are true except that ________. A. Du Mu wrote about the weapon and then recalled about the battle B. Cao Cao captured Zhou’s wife and finally won the battle C. Zhuge Liang was a great role in the battle in Du Mu’s mind D. Du Mu’s criticism on policies and military strategies was paid little attention to 10. In the poem, which sentence stresses the need for talented people to catch the right moment? A. We dig out broken halberds buried in the sand. B. And wash and rub these relics of an ancient war. C. Had the east wind refused to give a helping hand. D. Southern beauties would have been captives on northern shore. 11. Du Mu wrote the poem in order to ________. A. tell people about the past B. inform others about the meaning of life C. help people think about what they do now D. express his feelings about his unsuccessful political life 12. We can infer from the story that ________. A. the Tang Dynasty finally became better government after the poet’s death B. though Zhuge Liang was a success in the battle, but he was not happy about his own situation C. Du Mu was a man with military ambition and wanted to help the government D. Zhuge Liang was Zhou Yu’s enemy 【解析】 【导语】本文主要是对杜牧写的唐诗《赤壁》的赏析。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 9 细节理解题 根据“If adviser Zhuge Liang had not guessed the direction of the wind, Zhou would not have won the battle. His wife and sister-in-law would be captured by Cao.”可知，周瑜赢得了战斗；选项B“曹操俘虏了周的妻子，最终取得了胜利”表述有误。 B 10 细节理解题 根据“Had the east wind refused to give a helping hand,”和“ ‘East wind’ was the godsend (天赐的) wind that helped General Zhou Yu win.”可知，周瑜抓住了“东风”赢得了战斗，说明抓住时机的重要性；由此可知“东风不与周郎便”这句诗强调了有才能的人需要抓住时机。 C 11 细节理解题 根据“the poet Du Mu (803-852) used a historical story to show how upset he felt at the time, as he never had a chance to achieve his political (政治的) goals”可知，杜牧用这首诗表达他对自己不成功的政治生涯的感受。 D 12 推理判断题 根据“Du had military dreams himself, but never got a chance to show his talent.”可知，杜自己也有军事梦想，但从来没有机会展示他的才能；由此推知杜牧是一个有军事野心的人，他想帮助政府。 C (4) China’s Double 11 online shopping festival is now getting greener. It has become a test field where some companies are trying to make a difference in lower carbon emissions. In 2021, Tmall gave out 100 million yuan worth of shopping vouchers (代金券). The company encouraged people to buy green products with the vouchers. JD. com also joined in the activity. There were more than 150 million green products at the shopping festival. Besides, JD. com said it would choose cleaner transportation to make the world greener. ZTO Express also took some action to achieve the goal last year. It handed out more than 11 million recyclable bags, taking the place of about 1.16 billion disposable (一次性的) bags. It was helpful in saving our environment. At the same time, Cainiao gave out 7.5 million eggs to people who took part in the box recycling activity. On the one hand, the old bags can be recycled and on the other hand, customers can get something useful in their daily lives. There are also signs that customers are becoming “greener” in their shopping habits. For example, most people only buy things they really need instead of the things they already have. “During the Double 11, I bought a coffee maker that is much cheaper than on normal days. The activity of getting new ones with old products can help us avoid wasting money,” said Bi Xin, a customer in Shenzhen. The shopping festival on November 11 is not only a festival for shopping now. It’s also a useful way to help more people realize what a green life is and then take action. 13. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A. How some companies made the world greener. B. What people got during the shopping festival. C. Why some companies sold green products. D. When JD. com began to change the transportation. 14. The eggs were given out to ________. A. remind people not to waste food B. encourage people to protect the environment C. introduce the shopping festival to people D. give people information about green products 15. The writer talks about the shopping habits in Paragraph 4 to ________. A. teach people how to save money B. tell people old things can be reused C. show the change of people’s shopping habits D. introduce the advantages of online shopping 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了双十一网购节变得更加的环保，并举例了一些公司和个人的为了绿色低碳网购而做的一些努力和改变。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 13 主旨大意题 根据“In 2021, Tmall gave out 100 million yuan worth of shopping vouchers…JD. com also joined in the activity…”可知，本段主要介绍了天猫和京东两家公司为了让世界变得更绿色而采取的措施，由此推断，本段主要是谈论的一些公司如何让世界变得更绿色。 A 14 细节理解题 根据“At the same time, Cainiao gave out 7.5 million eggs to people who took part in the box recycling activity.”可知，分发鸡蛋是为了鼓励人们保护环境。 B 15 推理判断题 根据“There are also signs that customers are becoming ‘greener’ in their shopping habits.”和本段内容可知，本段谈到了购物习惯，是为了展示人们购物习惯的变化。 C (5) Many people take running as a way to keep fit. They like to run in hot weather and enjoy the feeling of being wet through with sweat while running. Cold weather during winter months, with low temperatures and freezing cold winds, may keep many people from running in the open air. However, a new study shows that the drop in temperature is a good reason to run. In fact, running in cold weather helps improve one’s performance. Many runners might find it easier to run in winter than in hot weather. Lower temperatures reduce stress on the body. When you run in cold weather, your heart rate is lower. And the body needs less water on a cold day than in warm weather because dehydration levels are lower in winter than in warmer conditions. John Brewer is a professor of applied sports science at ST. Mary’s University in London. For this study, he and other researchers put a group of people into a room where summer and winter weather conditions are recreated. The test subjects, were asked to run 10,000 meters under both conditions and their biological measurements were recorded and studied. From the study, every movement runners make produces heat. The heat can be really damaging unless the body can lose it. One way in which people lose heat is by sweating. The body loses heat through droplets of sweet. The body also loses it by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin and it puts more stress on the heart, particularly in hot conditions because it’s much harder to lose heat when the outside environment is warm. As the result shows running in hot temperatures results in 6 percent higher heart rates. When running in cold conditions, the body does not have to work hard to pump blood to the skin surface. Therefore, it requires less energy. The most important thing for people who run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing. Keep as dry as possible when exercising in low temperatures. Wear mittens on your hands instead of gloves. Wear more than one layer of clothing to keep sweat away from your skin. So don’t let winter weather keep you indoors. Simply get ready for the low temperatures and start running. 16. Why do most people dislike running outdoors in winter? A. It’s too cold. B. It’s hard to run. C. It’s too easy to sweat. D. It’s bad for the heart rate. 17. What does the underline word ＂dehydration＂ in Paragraph 3 means the loss of ______from the body. A. water B. heat C. stress D. blood 18. Why did John Brewer make a group of people run in a room? A. It was easier to be reduce stress. B. It was easier to produce heat. C. It was easier to recreate different weather conditions. D. It was easier to record their biological measurements. 19. What should people wear while running in cold winter? A. A hat. B. Gloves. C. More clothing. D. More than one layer of clothing. 20. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To tell people not to run in summer. B. To describe how runners run in winter. C. To encourage people to run outdoors in winter. D. To compare the advantages of running in winter and in summer. 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章通过John Brewer的研究，介绍了冬季做户外跑步的益处，鼓励人们在冬天多做户外活动。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 16 细节理解题 根据Cold weather during winter months, with low temperatures and freezing cold winds, may keep many people from running in the open air .，可知是怕冷 A 17 词义理解题 A. water水；B. heat热量；C. stress压力；D. blood血。本题是原因状语从句，根据前面的结果the body needs less water on a cold day than in warm weather A 18 细节理解题 根据The test subjects, were asked to run 10,000 meters under both conditions and their biological measurements were recorded and studied.，可知是为了记录和研究他们的生物测量。 D 19 细节理解题 根据The most important things for people who run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing.，可知最重要的是穿合适的衣服 D 20 综合理解题 根据本文内容，结合写作意图.So don’t let winter weather keep you indoors. Simply get ready for the low temperatures and start running.，可知作者鼓励人们在冬天做户外运动 C (6) Many people travel to different places in the world by air. Usually it takes a long time, perhaps half a day, for passengers to stay in the plane. So airlines offer passengers food. But it is common that they feel bad about food taste. To solve this problem, airlines try hard to improve their food. They would like to do so because they don’t want to lose customers. However, according to scientific research, part of the reason why plane food tastes bad is that at high altitude we can not taste things as well as we do on the ground. Also scientists have found that our noses become very dry even before a plane takes off. As the plane moves up, the change in air pressure reduces one third of the sensibility of our taste buds (味蕾). So our taste buds become senseless. The sad fact, however, is that our noses don’t know it. All of these help explain why food on the plane tastes so bad. They also help explain why airlines choose to offer passengers salty and spicy food. Without doing so, the food would be tasteless. Now there are many researches on this. According to one of them, some volunteers are asked to lie with their feet higher than their heads for weeks. And scientists write down their feelings about food taste. Though scientists try their best, it is not as easy as they thought. Because they can’t deal with the special environment successfully, such as the change in air pressure, making food taste good is still hard for them. 21. In Paragraph 2, “this problem” means ________. A. passengers stay long in the plane B. food on the plane does not taste good C. airlines do not offer food in time D. food on the plane is expensive 22. Which is the reason why plane food tastes bad? A. Food will easily go bad at high altitude. B. People’s noses become too dry to smell anything. C. The change in air pressure reduces part of the sensibility to taste. D. Plane food is not salty and spicy enough. 23. Why do scientists feel it hard to make food on the plane taste good? A. Because there are not enough researchers on this. B. Because different people have different tastes for food. C. Because volunteers can’t lie with their feet higher for long. D. Because the environment on the plane is too special to deal with. 24. What is the best title of the passage? A. Taste of Airplane Food B. Airplane Travel C. Scientific Research on Taste Buds D. The Change in Air Pressure 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述的是为什么飞机上的食物口感不好的原因，及其改进的措施。据科学家研究，在高海拔情况下，人的感觉变了，三分之一的味蕾减少了，因此，要做出口感好的食物还很困难。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 21 推理判断题 根据“But it is common that they feel bad about food taste. To solve this problem, airlines try hard to improve their food.”可知，乘客普遍认为食物的口感不好，为了解决这个问题，航空公司努力改善他们的食物。所以“this problem”指的是“乘客普遍认为食物的口感不好” B 22 细节理解题 根据“As the plane moves up, the change in air pressure reduces one third of the sensibility of our taste buds (味蕾). So our taste buds become senseless.”可知，随着飞机的上升，气压的变化会使我们味蕾的敏感度降低三分之一。所以我们的味蕾失去了知觉。 C 23 细节理解题 根据“Because they can’t deal with the special environment successfully, such as the change in air pressure, making food taste good is still hard for them.”可知，因为不能成功处理特殊的环境，所以他们认为要改善飞机上的食物的口感难。 D 24 最佳标题题 根据“So airlines offer passengers food. But it is common that they feel bad about food taste.”以及整个文章的理解可知，文主要讲述的是为什么飞机上的食物口感不好的原因，及其改进的措施。 A (7) When you hear the word “shapeshifting” (变身), you may think of sci-fi (科幻), and not the climate. But that’s what animals are doing to deal with climate change. A new study shows that some animals are gradually growing larger beaks, legs and ears. In this way they can lose heat more easily to cool themselves down as the earth gets warmer. “A lot of the time when we talk about climate change, we ask ‘Can humans overcome this?’ or ‘What technology can solve this?’ But we should know that animals also have to adapt to these changes,” said the study’s author, Sara Ryding, from Deakin University, Australia. If animals fail to control their body temperature, they can overheat and die. In one example, the beaks of some Australian parrot species (物种) have grown 4 to 10 percent larger since 1871. The study says it is closely related (相关的) to rising summer temperature over the years. Similar examples include wood mice. They have longer tails. Masked shrews (假面鼩鼱) are getting longer tails and legs, and bats in warm climates have bigger wings. Although the changes are still small, Ryding said they could be more clear as the days become hotter. “Body parts like ears are predicted to be bigger, so we might end up with a live-action Dumbo (big-eared elephant from a Disney cartoon) in the near future,” Ryding told BBC. Although animals are changing their body shapes, scientists warn that it doesn’t mean everything is fine. It just means they are trying hard to live. Not all animals will succeed. “The climate change that we have created is giving a whole lot of pressure on them, and while some animals will adapt, others will not,” said Ryding. 25. Animals change their shapes along with climate change to ________. A. collect heat B. stay alive C. hide themselves D. find more food 26. The underlined phrase “adapt to” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “________”. A. fit B. control C. influence D. cause 27. Paragraph 4 is written to ________. A. guess other reasons for animals’ change B. report how many species have changed C. show examples of animals’ shapeshifting D. show how many stages animals’ shapeshifting has 28. The best title for the passage might be ________. A. Climate Change B. Elephants’ Shapeshifting C. Grow With the Climate D. Control Body Temperatures 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了气候的变化对动物带来了压力，我们需要采取措施来改变。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 25 细节理解题 根据“Although animals are changing their body shapes, scientists warn that it doesn’t mean everything is fine. It just means they are trying hard to live.”可知，动物随着气候变化而改变形状以保持生存。 B 26 词义猜测题 根据“But we should know that animals also have to adapt to these changes”可知，动物也必须适应这些变化，adapt to“适应”的含义与“fit”最接近。 A 27 推理判断题 根据第四段“In one example, the beaks of some Australian parrot species (物种) have grown 4 to 10 percent larger since 1871. The study says it is closely related (相关的) to rising summer temperature over the years.”可知，第四段介绍了动物变身的例子。 C 28 标题归纳题 根据第一段“When you hear the word ‘shapeshifting’(变身), you may think of sci-fi (科幻), and not the climate. But that’s what animals are doing to deal with climate change.”（当你听到“变身”这个词的时候，你可能会想到科幻电影。但这正是动物应对气候变化的方式）可知， 本文介绍了动物随着气候变化而“变身”。因此C选项“与气候一起成长”符合语境。 C (8) Even after 10 p.m., a video meeting between a group of students is still going strong. For these students, who are devoted to self-study, this virtual meeting is like a library. The virtual self-study room (虚拟自习室) has become a popular silent space to work alongside other students. An eight-hour video, posted in March, shows the self-study rooms of many top Chinese universities. These rooms have become a warm place for people who enjoy a good learning atmosphere. “At first, I was just looking for a partner to prepare for the IELTS exam together. I never expected it to be so popular,” said Yue Yetu, who started an online steam. “It amazed me that over 150 people were online at the same time. The participants included teenagers and adults, most of whom were preparing for their examinations. Greatly motivated, Yue has passed her exam but she still keeps the virtual self-study room running. “They don’t have to turn on the cameras in the room. However, many of them would prefer to fire up the webcam because it reminds them not to be distracted.” Yue said. Yue also set up a chat group, where dozens of members shared their learning process and ups and downs in life. “I received a lot of support from it, and I was deeply moved,” said Chen Yihan, a participant. To Yue, her virtual self-study room has far-reaching meaning. On a winter day, a pair of siblings (姐妹) showed up in her room, wearing fingerless gloves and reading in the low light. Seeing that, she decided to keep the room running for 24 hours. She said they made her realize the meaning of creating such an online space. 29. What is the virtual self-study room like for the students who are devoted to self-study? A. It is a place where they can socialize with friends. B. It is a library where they can find resources and study quietly. C. It is a platform where they can watch videos and take online courses. D. It is an online marketplace where they can buy and sell study materials. 30. Why did Yue Yetu start an online study stream? A. To find a partner to prepare for the IELTS exam together. B. To create a platform for people to share their learning process. C. To provide a space for people to discuss their ups and downs in life. D. To encourage people to turn on their cameras during the virtual meetings. 31. Why do many participants prefer to turn on their webcams during the virtual meetings? A. To show off their appearance and impress others. B. To have face-to-face conversations with other participants. C. To remind themselves not lo be distracted while studying. D. To share their learning progress with others through video recordings. 32. What did Yue realize after seeing the siblings reading in the low light in her virtual self-study room? A. She realized that the virtual self-study room should be open 24 hours a day. B. She realized that she needed to improve the lighting in her own study room. C. She realized that she should start offering one-on-one tutoring sessions in the virtual self-study room. D. She realized the importance of creating such an online space for people to learn together. 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍虚拟自习室的流行及它存在的意义。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 29 细节理解题 根据“”For these students, who are devoted to self-study, this virtual meeting is like a library. The virtual self-study room (虚拟自习室) has become a popular silent space to work alongside other students.可知，虚拟自习室就像一个图书馆，供人在那里安静地学习。 B 30 细节理解题 根据“At first, I was just looking for a partner to prepare for the IELTS exam together. I never expected it to be so popular,”可知，最初只是找到搭档一起学习备考。 A 31 细节理解题 根据“However, many of them would prefer to fire up the webcam because it reminds them not to be distracted”提醒不要分心。 C 32 细节理解题 根据“On a winter day, a pair of siblings (姐妹) showed up in her room, wearing fingerless gloves and reading in the low light. Seeing that, she decided to keep the room running for 24 hours. She said they made her realize the meaning of creating such an online space.”可知意识到了做件事的意义。 D (9) “No man is an island.” is a well-known line from John Donne’s Devotion, written more than three hundred years ago. Even now people still agree with him. No one can live a completely isolated life. Without other people, life becomes empty and sad. We all need to have friends. For some of us, making new friends is difficult. Feeling embarrassed, we may not want to make the first move. It is also difficult at times to keep the friends we already have. There are many books about friendship, but Dale Carnegie’s How to Win Friends and Influence People, written in 1936, is the most famous. This “How to” book about getting along with other people became a best seller. It was later translated into 28 languages. Carnegie’s advice seems to be simple, but can his advice help you? Do you need to change the way you act? Here is a list of advice from his book: 1. Be friendly and polite. Always greet people with a smile. Begin with “excuse me” or “would you please” when you want to ask somebody to do something. Remember to say “thank you” and try to be as helpful as you can. 2. Go out of your way to be nice. Find some time to do special things for other people. Making some soup for a sick neighbor may seem like a little thing to you, but it will make your neighbor feel a lot better. 3. Remember names. They say that the sweetest music to a person’s ears is the sound of his or her own name. 4. Be open-minded. Try to understand other people’s ways and ideas and learn something from them. 5. Listen patiently. When someone is talking to you, look at him or her, listen carefully and say something when necessary. 33. The underlined sentence “No one can live a completely isolated life.” means “ ________” in the passage. A. No one can live a hard life. B. No one can live without difficulty. C. No one can live alone. D. No one can live on an island. 34. Some of us feel it not easy to make friends because ________. A. we are afraid to make bad friends B. we are shy to take the first action C. we feel worried that we won’t be able to keep our friends D. we feel sure that we already have enough friends 35. We can learn from this passage that ________. A. John Donne learned something from Dale Carnegie B. friends are always friends C. not many people bought Carnegie’s book D. the writer of this passage agrees with John Donne and Dale Carnegie 36. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Carnegie’s book? A. Say “excuse me” before you ask. B. Don’t visit your neighbors too often. C. Think more about others. D. People enjoy hearing their own names. 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了朋友的重要性，并就如何与他人相处给出了一些建议。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 33 词句猜测题 根据“Without other people, life becomes empty and sad.”可知，没有其他人，生活变得空虚和悲伤，因此没有人可以独自生活；由此判断“No one can live a completely isolated life.”的含义是“没有人能独自生活”。 C 34 细节理解题 根据“Feeling embarrassed, we may not want to make the first move.”可知，我们中的一些人认为交朋友不容易，是因为我们羞于迈出第一步。 B 35 推理判断题 根据“ ‘No man is an island.’ is a well-known line from John Donne’s Devotion, ... Without other people, life becomes empty and sad. We all need to have friends.”和“Dale Carnegie’s How to Win Friends and Influence People, written in 1936, ... This ‘How to’ book about getting along with other people became a best seller.”推断，作者赞同John Donne和“Dale Carnegie”关于友谊的观点。 D 36 细节理解题 根据“Begin with ‘excuse me’ or ‘would you please’ when you want to ask somebody to do something.”，“Find some time to do special things for other people.”和“Remember names.”可知，文中没有提到“不要太频繁地拜访邻居”。 B (10) Conflict (冲突) happens when two people disagree because of their own goals, values, or beliefs. It’s not always as simple as an argument. Instead, conflict is what happens right before the argument; it’s what the two people disagree about before they start calling each other names. What may cause conflict? Parents and teenagers have many chances to experience conflict with one another. Teenage years are a time when independence and parental influence fight, since teens are able to think on their own but still live with parents who have rules and expectations for them. Teenagers don’t necessarily hold the same beliefs and values as their parents, and their goal to have fun often conflicts with their parents’ goal to keep them safe. If kids don’t come back home at the time when they’re supposed to, their parents will get worried. A worried parent becomes a scolding (责骂的) parent. The conflict happens. Sometimes, teens want to have noisy fun while their parents want to sleep. This is a common conflict that happens every day. Also, parents and teenagers usually prefer different types of music. So when parents don’t like the music the kids are listening to, they are more likely to tell them to turn it down. Then conflict begins. This may not be totally true. However, one thing is for sure: parents might use the teenager’s exam results to judge (判断) him/her. Every time the parents’ expectations aren’t met, they will scold their kids. And the conflict happens. How to deal with conflict? See each other as friends in the common goals you agree on. Such goals usually include keeping teens safe and seeing them make success. Pay attention to these goals to avoid getting unsatisfied with each other. List possible solutions to the conflict together. You can try listing creative ideas, whether they seem reasonable or not. Creativity is your friend when you’re solving any problem in life, including conflict with others. 37. What does the underlined phrase “calling each other names” mean? A. Singing loudly to each other. B. Speaking angrily to each other. C Making a call to someone. D. Making someone feel at home. 38. Why do teenagers and parents get into conflict? A. They have different beliefs and values. B. They live independent lives separately. C. They hold common views on teenage years. D. They don’t show much patience to each other. 39. How can a teenager solve conflict with parents? A. By writing down creative ideas with parents. B. By writing an article about different opinions. C. By spending more time talking with parents. D. By making parents change their opinions. 40. In which section of the magazine Family would you probably read this article? A. Activities. B. Rules. C. Relationship. D. Possessions. 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了父母与青少年之间产生冲突的原因和给出了解决这些冲突的建议。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 37 词义猜测题 根据“Instead, conflict is what happens right before the argument; it’s what the two people disagree about before they start calling each other names.”可知，冲突发生在争论之前，所以冲突就是在两人争吵之前所出现的分歧，所以“calling each other names”的意思是“两个人之间争吵”，B选项“生气地对某人说话”符合题意。 B 38 细节理解题 根据“Teenagers don’t necessarily hold the same beliefs and values as their parents, and their goal to have fun often conflicts with their parents’ goal to keep them safe.”可知，青少年与父母有不同的信仰和价值观，他们的娱乐目标往往与父母的安全目标相冲突，所以由此可知造成青少年和父母陷入冲突的原因是他们有不同的信仰和价值观。 A 39 推理判断题 根据“You can try listing creative ideas, whether they seem reasonable or not. Creativity is your friend when you’re solving any problem in life, including conflict with others.”可知，尝试列出创造性的想法，能解决生活中的任何问题，包括与他人的冲突，所以当和父母出现冲突时，可以使用这个办法。 A 40 推理判断题 本文讲述了父母与青少年之间产生冲突的原因和给出了解决这些冲突的建议，故文章可能出现在杂志《家庭》的关系部分。 C (11) What is your school life like? Can you keep a balance between your schoolwork and activities? If you have any problem who do you want to talk with? Maybe you are not willing to share them with family members or close friends. Then a youth coach might be a good choice. A youth coach helps you develop life skills while providing guidance for you. A youth coach can also help you learn how to manage stress. Simon Waltz set up a youth coaching company five years ago. “I offer teenagers a place to talk. I help them find out problems, and then we work them out together,” said Waltz. John’s grades were once very terrible. And he didn’t worry at all. Waltz helped him decide on his future plan. Now John is serious about his schoolwork, and he hopes to get into a top university and be a great doctor in the future. Not only John but also other teenagers gained from youth coaching. Orella is among them. She said, “I thank my life coach Bella Miranda. Her advice is always helpful. I’m really happy to have her by my side at the difficult moments.” Orella was afraid of talking with people and she didn’t know how to get on well with her classmates. Bella Miranda talked with Orella about the things she really enjoyed. By joining the school violin club, Orella has made several new friends. By sharing interesting trips with her classmates, Orella has kept a good relationship with them. It is not surprising that you get yourself into trouble. Sometimes it is hard for you to solve it. Maybe you can ask a youth coach for help. He or she can help you solve the problem and achieve success. 41. Why does the writer ask the questions in Paragraph 1? A. To ask for information. B. To introduce the topic. C. To express his doubts. D. To give examples. 42. What can a youth coach do for teenagers? ①guide teenagers ②help teenagers develop life skills ③solve the problems together with teenagers ④share teenagers’ problems with their family members ⑤keep a balance between teenagers’ schoolwork and activities A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②⑤ D. ②③⑤ 43. What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. John always has an interest in study. B. Waltz made a future plan instead of John. C. Waltz is the founder of the youth coaching company. D. With the help of Waltz, John finally achieved his dream. 44. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To tell teenagers what a youth coach can do for them. B. To advise teenagers to become a youth coach in the future. C. To introduce teenagers to the advantages of being a youth coach. D. To encourage teenagers to turn to a youth coach for help in face of problems. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了一家青年教练公司帮助青少年解决问题并获得了成功。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 41 推理判断题 根据“If you have any problem...Then a youth coach might be a good choice”可知作者问了几个问题，主要是为了引出本文的话题——青年教练公司可以帮助青少年解决问题。 B 42 细节理解题 根据“youth coach helps you develop life skills while providing guidance”以及“I help them find out problems, and then we work them out together”可知青年教练公司在提供指导的同时帮助培养生活技能，并且和青少年一起解决问题，即①②③。 A 43 细节理解题 根据“Simon Waltz set up a youth coaching company five years ago”可知Simon Waltz建立了这个公司。 C 44 主旨大意题 通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一家青年教练公司帮助青少年解决问题并获得了成功，所以作者建议当遇到问题时，可以向这家公司寻求帮助。 D (12) Although you’ve probably heard otherwise, everyone dreams. Even dogs and cats dream. Facts like these can be hard to believe. On the other hand, a lot of myths about dreams seem to be true. Can you tell the difference between myth and fact? * Myth or Fact? Remembering dreams is a sign of sleeping better. Myth. There are many factors that cause us to remember dreams, but quality of sleep is not one of them. In fact, some scientists say that it’s easier to remember a dream after a bad night’s sleep rather than a good one. * Myth or Fact? It’s easier for some people to remember their dreams than it is for others. Fact. Scientists don’t know why, but people who are more sensitive to sounds tend to remember their dreams. If you’d like to become better at remembering dreams yourself, experts recommend immediately writing down the previous night’s dreams when you wake up. You may even impress yourself with how much more you can remember. You see it all the time in movies: someone has a dream that appears to predict the future. But could it actually happen? Let’s find out! * Myth or Fact? Abraham Lincoln dreamt about his own death right before it happened. Myth. This famous story about the American president was started by his bodyguard. Although this story has been around for over 100 years, the details of the story often changed. This proved that the bodyguard was lying. * Myth or Fact? Dreams about the future sometimes come true. Fact. Nineteen people told their friends that they dreamt about the sinking of the Titanic before it happened. It may be hard to believe, but these claims were confirmed to be true. There are also similar stories about dreams that predicted other terrible events, such as 9/11. These are just a few of the many interesting myths and facts about dreams. From the unknown factors that help us remember our dreams to unbelievable stories about predicting the future, dreams truly are mysterious! 45. What should you do if you want to become better at remembering your dreams? A. B. C. D. 46. Which of the following are scientists unable to explain? A. The events that caused the Titanic to sink. B. Some factors that lead to poor quality of sleep. C. The reason that Abraham Lincoln’s bodyguard would lie. D. The fact that some people can remember their dreams and others can’t. 47. Which of the following were proven to be predicted by a dream? A. The event of September 11, 2001. B. The death of Abraham Lincoln. C. The hiring of a bodyguard. D. The building of Titanic. 48. What is the best title of the passage? A. Uncovering the Truth about Dreams B. Myths About Dreams Are True C. Different People Have Different Dreams D. Scientists’ Opinions on Dreams 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了关于梦的神话和事实之间的区别。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 45 细节理解题 根据“If you’d like to become better at remembering dreams yourself, experts recommend immediately writing down the previous night’s dreams when you wake up.”可知，如果你想自己更好地记住梦，专家建议你醒来后立即记下前一天晚上的梦。 A 46 细节理解题 根据“It’s easier for some people to remember their dreams than it is for others.”及“Scientists don’t know why, but people who are more sensitive to sounds tend to remember their dreams.”可知，科学家无法解释为什么有的人比其他人更容易记住自己的梦。 D 47 细节理解题 根据“There are also similar stories about dreams that predicted other terrible events, such as 9/11.”可知，2001年9月11日的事件被证明是梦所预测的 A 48 最佳标题题 根据“On the other hand, a lot of myths about dreams seem to be true. Can you tell the difference between myth and fact?”可知，本文主要介绍了关于梦的神话和事实之间的区别，所以选项A“揭开梦的真相”为最佳标题。 A (13) What makes people gain weight? This seems like a simple enough question to answer. If we eat a lot and don’t do enough exercise, we will become fat. However, the science behind weight problems is more complicated than we think. As we know, what we eat greatly affects our weight. It is widely accepted that people have 100% control over what they eat and how much they eat. This, however, is only partly true. People form habits around food at a young age. You may rarely touch vegetables while overeating fried chicken. Meanwhile, the serving size and the background music can both affect how much we eat. Our bodies themselves can decide whether we are more likely to gain weight or lose weight. Scientists have found that the more delicious the food is, the more excited our brains get. If we often have delicious food, over time, our brains will change. Compared to people of normal weight, fat people feel more excited when they see delicious food. Now you know why fat people often have a tough time losing weight. They may have tried very hard. but their bodies are working against their will. Also, our bodies use a variety of hormones (激素) to tell our brains whether they are hungry or full. Ghrelin, for example, tells the brain that the body wants food. Leptin, meanwhile, tells the brain that it’s time to stop eating. Ghrelin and leptin help us to maintain a healthy weight. But sometimes, they may work improperly. As we get fatter, the levels of leptin in our bodies rise. Our brains are told not to eat all the time. In the end, they would no longer trust Leptin and would stop responding to its “warnings”. When we start to lose weight, Leptin levels drop. Our brains think we are hungry and make us find food in our fridges. 49. The following can affect what or how much we eat EXCEPT ______. A. eating habits B. serving size C. background music D. the colour of food 50. Which is the best for the blank in the picture? A. Ghrelin maintains a healthy weight. B. Hunger causes Ghrelin levels to rise. C. Ghrelin works against a person’s will. D. Brain responds lo Ghrelin’s “warning”. 51. The underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refers to ______. A. our bodies B. our brains C. the warmings D. the levels 52. In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article? A. Health. B. Education. C. Environment. D. Fashion. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了体重问题背后的科学比想象的要复杂，以及介绍了人身体激素告诉我们的大脑它们是饿了还是饱了的原理。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 49 细节理解题 根据第二段“People form habits around food at a young age. You may rarely touch vegetables while overeating fried chicken. Meanwhile, the serving size and the background music can both affect how much we eat.”可知饮食习惯，份量，背景音乐都会影响我们的进食量，但是食物的颜色并没有 D 50 细节理解题 根据最后一段“Also, our bodies use a variety of hormones (激素) to tell our brains whether they are hungry or full. Ghrelin, for example, tells the brain that the body wants food”可知我们的身体使用各种激素来告诉我们的大脑他们是饿了还是饱了。例如，Ghrelin激素告诉大脑身体需要食物，所以空白处应填“饥饿导致Ghrelin激素水平升高。” B 51 词句猜测题 根据最后一段“Our brains are told not to eat all the time, In the end, they would no longer trust Leptin and would stop responding...”可知我们的大脑被告知不要一直吃东西，最终，它们将不再信任瘦素，所以they是指“大脑” B 52 推理判断题 根据“What makes people gain weight? This seems like a simple enough question to answer. If we eat a lot and don’t do enough exercise, we will become fat.”可知文章主要讲述的内容和体重有关，所以我们可能会在报纸的健康部分看到文章 A (14) As graduation day approached, excitement increased. Being out of high school meant I was finally coming of age. Soon I would be on my own, making my own decisions, doing what I wanted without someone looking over my shoulder and it meant going to school with boys—a welcome change coming from an all-girl high school. There was never any question in my mind that I would go to a college away from home. My mother’s idea, on the other hand, was just the opposite. Trying her best not to force her preferences on me, she would subtly ask whether I had considered particular schools—all of which happened to be located in or near my hometown of Chicago. Then panic set in. My feelings took a 180-degree turn. I really didn’t want to leave high school at all, and it was questionable whether I wanted to grow up after all. It had been nice being respected as a senior by the underclass students for the past year; I didn’t enjoy the idea of being on the bottom rung of the ladder again. Despite months of expectation, nothing could have prepared me for the impact of the actual day. As the familiar melody(旋律) of “Pomp and Circumstance” echoed(回声) in the background, I looked around at the other figures in white caps and gowns as we seriously lined into the hall. Tears welled up uncontrollably in my eyes, and I was consumed by a rush of sadness. As if in a daze(恍惚), I rose from my seat when I heard my name called and slowly crossed the stage to receive my diploma. As I reached out my hand, I knew that I was reaching not just for a piece of paper but for a brand-new life. Exciting as the future of a new life seemed, it wasn’t easy saying good-bye to the old one—the familiar faces, the familiar routine. I would even miss that chemistry class I wasn’t particularly fond of and the long travel each day between home and school that I hated. Good or bad, it was what I knew. Although going back is impossible, it’s comforting to know I can revisit my special memories any time. 53. The author’s mother ________. A. did not care very much which college her daughter went to B. was greatly disappointed at her decision to go to a college on the East Coast C. willingly allowed her to go to a college of her own choice D. wished that she would study at a college or university close to home 54. On the actual graduation day, ________. A. she sang a song “Pomp and Circumstance” B. reaching out for diploma, she was aware of a new stage in life ahead of her C. she came to realize that she had a passion for her old school D. she went through the whole ceremony in a daze 55. What does the underlined part “being on the bottom rung of the ladder” mean? A. Being a freshman. B. Being an unpopular student. C. Being a loser. D. Being a childish person. 56. What does the author mainly describes in this article? A. Her happiness to be admitted to a wonderful university. B. Her eagerness to go to a wonderful university far away from home. C. Her excitement during the months leading to the graduation ceremony. D. Her mixed feelings during the months before and on graduation day. 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者高中毕业之际一系列复杂的情感变化，既有兴奋、期待，又有不舍、彷徨。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 53 细节理解题 根据“Trying her best not to force her preferences on me, …all of which happened to be located in or near my hometown of Chicago.”可知，作者的妈妈希望她能在离家近的学院或大学学习。 D 54 细节理解题 根据“As I reached out my hand, I knew that I was reaching not just for a piece of paper but for a brand-new life.”可知，毕业那天，作者拿到文凭，她意识到人生的新阶段就在眼前 B 55 词句猜测题 根据“It had been nice being respected as a senior by the underclass students for the past year; I didn’t enjoy the idea of being on the bottom rung of the ladder again.”可知，作者喜欢作为高年级学生被低年级学生尊重，可推测她不想再成为低年级学生，“being on the bottom rung of the ladder”应该意为成为一个新生 A 56 主旨大意题 通读全文，本文讲述了作者高中毕业之际一系列复杂的情感变化，既有兴奋、期待，又有不舍、彷徨。 D (15) Everyone feels stressed sometimes. Maybe you have a family situation that needs extra time and attention. Maybe you have a hard time with your friends or classmates. Maybe you are ill or don’t do well in your studies. So what can you do when you feel angry, worried and stressed about the things that are out of your control? I believe that if you add stress management in your daily life, you can more easily deal with your stressful situations. Follow these tips to invite peace and happiness into your life. Exercise One way to work off stress and worries is to get moving. You can do sports or just take a walk. One of the benefits of exercising is that you will all feel calmer and happier afterwards. Smile Smiling and laughing can make you relaxed. A good joke with a friend, a good movie with your family or just smiling at the sunshine work well. Listen to music Music is one of the best ways to reduce stress and it is popular with people of all ages. Pick the music you like. It’s usually more effective when you choose something quiet. Listen to music that makes you feel relaxed and calm. Do some reading Reading is also a good way to fight against stress. Any book that gives a good, positive message about the world or the people in it can help you feel better. Be close to nature Go out and smell the fresh air. Can you hear the birds singing and feeling the gentle wind on your skin? Bring your peaceful scene to mind the next time you are feeling annoyed. Your stress will be released by nature. Be grateful There is always something you can be thankful for. Sometimes it is as simple as the breakfast your mom makes for you. Think about all the things that are good in your life. Positive thinking brings you more good things to feel good about. Next time you face stress, don’t worry. Just think about the above tips, give yourself time alone or with the people you love. Remember: a good mood brings you a healthy body. 57. What’s the purpose of writing this article? A. To help people relax themselves. B. To tell people what a healthy life is. C. To give tips on having a strong body. D. To show ways of solving problems. 58. Lucy was sad because she broke her leg and had to stay in bed for a few weeks. What better advice would you give her? ①Exercise. ②Smile. ③Listen to music. ④Do some reading.⑤Be close to nature.⑥Be grateful. A. ①④⑥ B. ①⑤⑥ C. ②③④ D. ②③⑤ 59. In which part of a newspaper can you read this article? A. Sports B. Life C. Fashion D. Travel 60. Which of the following probably matches the writer’s opinion? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. The early bird catches the worms. C. In time of danger, one’s mind works fast. D. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何在面对压力时如何应对和管理，帮助人们放松自己。重点介绍了运动、微笑、听音乐、阅读、接近大自然和感恩等五种帮助人们减压的方法。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 57 主旨大意题 根据第一段“I believe that if you add stress management in your daily life, you can more easily deal with your stressful situations. Follow these tips to invite peace and happiness into your life.”可知，写这篇文章的目的是帮助人们放松自己。 A 58 推理判断题 由题干可知，Lucy腿受伤需要卧床休息几周，她可以微笑、听音乐或者阅读来放松自己。腿受伤就不能锻炼、亲近自然和感恩。所以，②③④符合语境。 C 59 推理判断题 本文主要介绍了一些如何放松自己的方法。由此可知，在报纸的生活版块里可以读到本文。 B 60 推理判断题 本文主要介绍了一些如何放松自己的方法，由此可知，选项D“只工作不玩，聪明的孩子也会变成傻子。”符合作者的观点。 D 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$