专题07 人物传记类记叙文阅读理解（名校真题精选）-2024～2025学年九年级英语上学期期末复习高效提分专练（广州专用）

专题07人物的经历/传记类记叙文阅读理解 （名校真题精选）（共15篇） 一、记叙文（Narration）： 定义 以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主，以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体形式。 特点 具有故事性，通俗易懂。通常有明确的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。通过对人物的行为、语言、心理等方面的描写，以及对事件发生的过程和情节的叙述，展现出一定的主题或情感。例如，讲述一个人的成长经历、一次冒险之旅、一个感人的故事等。 二、英语阅读理解的技巧和方法： Step1:先看题，题目中找关键词：数字，地名，人名，重要词汇 Step2:文章中进行定位，即关键词所在处划线，标题号 Step3:同义词替换，有的题目无需替换，有明显答案；有的需要近义词替换，或通过解释类来替换 Step4:选出最佳选项，仔细选择，注意混淆项的干扰。 三、英语阅读理解常考的题型及相应的答题指导： 题型 题型特点 答题指导 注意事项 (一)细节理解题 按顺序出题；每段 一题左右 1. 仔细阅读题目，确定关键词。 2. 带着关键词回到原文，定位相关信息。 3. 对比原文和选项，选出最符合原文细节的选项。 What do we know.../when/why..文章里一定有比较直白的答案点 (二)主旨大意题 要求概括文章的中心思想或主要内容。 1. 快速浏览全文，特别注意文章的首段、尾段以及每段的首句和尾句。 2. 综合这些关键部分的内容，总结出文章的主旨。 3. 对照选项，选择最能准确概括主旨的选项。 the best title看首段收尾句 Main idea看尾段收尾句 Suggestion/where it from看每段收尾句 (三)推理判断题 需要根据文章内容进行推理和判断。 1. 基于文章提供的事实和线索进行合理推断。 2. 注意不要过度推理，要以原文为依据。 3. 仔细分析选项，选择符合推理逻辑且有原文依据支持的选项。 英文不够强大，可用中文脑补，符合文章大逻辑 (四)词义猜测题 猜测文中生词或短语的含义。 1. 结合生词或短语所在的句子及上下文语境进行猜测。 2. 利用构词法知识辅助猜测。 3. 排除明显不符合语境的选项，选择最合理的释义。 上下文中找相关表达，注意词性保持一致，可用排除法（熟悉未必对，要结合语境意思） (五)观点态度题 判断作者对某一事物的态度。 1. 留意文中表达情感、观点的词汇和语句。 2. 分析作者的用词和语气。 3. 从选项中选择与分析结果相符的态度。 (六)文章结构题 总分总；总分；分总 四、真题训练： (1) Su Shi, also known as Su Dongpo, was an outstanding Chinese poet（政治家）, who lived during the Song Dynasty from 1037 to 1101. Su Shi was born into a well﹣known family in Meishan, Sichuan province. His father and brother were both great poets. Su Shi showed great talent from a young age and was known for his skills in handwriting and painting. At the age of 20, Su Shi successfully passed the imperial（科举）examination and began his official career. Throughout his life, Su held a number of different government positions across China. However, his different opinions often got him into trouble because of disagreements at court, he was exiled (流放) three times. In 1079, Su Shi was even sent to prison. Although he got out of prison at last, he was placed under strict control for the rest of his life. Though he met a lot of difficulties, Su Shi’s literary talent continued to shine, and he produced a great number of' poetic works during his lifetime. In 1080, he was exiled to Huangzhou. During his exile, he found peace in nature and produced some of his best works. The famous poem, “Red Cliff” was one of them. Su Shi’s talent was beyond poetry, as he was also a great prose writer. His article “On the Love of the Lotus” shows his love for the beauty of the flower. In addition, his collection of short stories, shows his humour and wisdom. It was not only in the literary field that Su Shi was highly praised. As an official, he won the love and support of the people. During his services, he did a lot for the people. In 1077, he protected the city from a terrible flood. The people in Xuzhou were thankful to him and gave him some food as presents. Although Su Shi’s life was filled with both achievements and troubles, he is remembered as one of the greatest people in Chinese history, and his creative genius and strong spirit continue to influence and guide people around China. 1. In what order did the following happen in Su Shi’s life? 　 　 a. He began his official career. b. He protected Xuzhou from a flood. c. He created “Red Cliff”. d. He was sent in prison. e. He showed great talent in painting. A. e﹣a﹣c﹣b﹣d B. e﹣a﹣b﹣d﹣c C. a﹣b﹣e﹣c﹣d D. a﹣c﹣e﹣b﹣d 2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Sushi’s official career. B. Sushi’s early life experience. C. Sushi’s achievements in literary field. D. Sushi’s most important literary works. 3. Why could Su Shi win the support from people? A. He looked on the bright side and created many works. B. He was good at writing humorous and wise short stories. C. He cared about the people and helped them solve problems. D. He was sent to prison and under strict control for a long time. 4. What does the writer think of Su Shi? A. He encourages a lot of people. B. He has changed Chinese history. C. He is the greatest poet in China. D. He lived a happy and successful life. (2) The world has lost a great translator. Xu Yuanchong, one of the world’s most famous Chinese translators, died at the age of 100 on June 17, 2021 in Beijing. Xu devoted (投入) himself to translators for more than 60 years. He translated more than 120 publications in Chinese, English and French, reaching millions of readers around the world. A translated work should be just as beautiful as the original (原作). Xu said. He used his creativity to make this possible. Instead of directly translating words from one language to another, he changed the translated wording when necessary to make the text readable and relatable to readers. Xu Yuanchong translated Chinese poems into both English and French. Thanks to his translations, English and French-speaking readers are able to better understand Chinese literature. Xu won the Chinese Translation Culture Lifetime Achievement (CTCLA) Award in December 2010. In 2014, he was the first Asian person to win the Aurora Borealis Prize for Outstanding Translation of Literature, one of the world’s highest prizes for a translator. Xu was a hard worker. He lived in an old house near Peking University. Every day, he would translate about 1,000 words, working until 3 to 4 a.m., then sleep for about three hours and get up at 6 a.m. to continue working. He often quoted a verse from English poet Thomas Moore’s The Young May Moon—“And the best of all ways to lengthen our days is to steal a few hours from the night.” 5. Xu most probably started giving much of his time to translation at the age of ______. A 17 B. 35 C. 60 D. 93 6. Which of the following is true about Xu Yuanchong according to the passage? A. He translated directly from one language to another. B He translated hundreds of publications in 3 languages. C. He won the CTCLA Award when he was 89 years old. D. He helped Chinese readers better understand our culture. 7. Which words can best describe Xu Yuanchong according to the passage? A. Creative and hard-working. B. Honest and knowledgeable. C. Strong-willed and patient. D. Talented and warm-hearted. 8. What’s the best tile of this article? A. Hours stolen from the night B. A great Chinese translator C. Enjoy the beautiful works D. The beauty of literature (3) What is the image of a typical female scientist? Perhaps you imagine a pair of thick glasses, messy hair and a few wrinkles on the forehead? With her high-heeled shoes and graceful posture, Ning Yan (or Nieng Yan), may break that stereotype (刻板印象). Described as “the goddess scientist”, Yan, born in November 1977, is a leading biology researcher at Princeton University in the US. About a year ago, she was included among 100 new members and 25 foreign associates (院士) into The National Academy of Sciences, a famous scientific institution that aims to recognize outstanding research in the US. You may not know Yan’s contribution to biology, but she is a rising star in the science world and her resume (简历) is impressive. She studied at Tsinghua University from 1996 to 2000. After graduating from Princeton in the US, she was invited to set up her own laboratory at Tsinghua in 2007. At age 30, she became one of China’s youngest-ever female professors. It was a long road to get where she is now. She told People magazine that she always believes that scientists need to have a pure mind and strong willpower. Yan likes to work at night. She says it’s because she can focus when the outside is quiet. She also works at least 14 hours a day, but she’s energetic, because research is the most “comfortable” job for her, according to an interview with People magazine. This devotion to her work probably helped Yan in her research to identify the structures of proteins in cells’ plasma membranes (细胞质膜), which puzzled scientists for half a century. Her achievements got her listed among the journal Nature’s Science Stars of China in 2016. Apart from scientific research, Yan enjoys TV dramas and classic novels. Surprisingly, the novel Journey to the West inspired her to become a structural biologist. In the book, the Monkey King changes into other animals. She wondered what it would be like to change herself. Luckily, Yan now lives in that world every day, exploring how proteins work at the level of atoms. “It was almost destined (注定的) that I would become a structural biologist,” she said in an interview with Nature. As she realizes her own dreams, Yan tries to encourage more women to pursue careers in science. In her eyes, there is no difference between men and women in the scientific fields. “Women can work as excellently as men and live the way they choose to,” she said in a public interview. 9. What's the correct order of the following events? a Ning Yan was elected as a foreign associate of the USA. b. Ning Yan was chosen as one of the journal Nature's Science Stars of China. c. Ning Yan studied at Princeton in the US. d. Ning Yan set up her own laboratory at Tsinghua. e. Ning Yan studied at Tsinghua University. A. c, e, d, b, a B. e, c, d, b, a C. c, e, d, a, b D. e, d, c, a, b 10. What should a scientist be like according to Yan? A. Devoted and strong minded. B. Curious and full of energy. C. Independent and confident. D. Outgoing and talented. 11. What is Yan's opinion of women scientists? A. They are better at science than men. B. They are often misunderstood. C. They are also able to achieve great things. D. They need to work harder than men to realize their dreams. 12. What's best title of this passage? A. Ning Yan, a rising star of science. B. Ning Yan's career. C. Ning Yan, a typical female scientist. D. Ning Yan's dream. (4) Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ, Britain’s longest-serving monarch (君主), died aged 96, on Sept 8. Her eldest son, 73-year-old Charles, has now become king and head of state not just in the UK but in 14 other Commonwealth realms (英联邦国家). He is called King Charles III. The queen took the throne in 1952 when the UK was still rebuilding after World War II. She devoted (奉献) her life to serving her country and the Commonwealth and saw 15 British prime ministers come and go. She was admired around the world. She supported over 600 charities (慈善机构), according to Sky News. And she kept a close connection with the public. In the UK, every Christmas day, people would turn on their TVs to listen to the queen’s Christmas speech. People across the world mourned (悼念) the queen’s death. The UK has 10 days of national mourning. Flags flying from landmark buildings have been half-masted (降半旗). Leaders from different countries also expressed their sincere condolences (吊唁). In a statement, French President Emmanuel Macron said, “The woman who stood alongside the giants of the 20th century on the path of history has left to join them.” “It’s just so heartbreaking,” said Laura Lang, from the US, seeing the queen’s cortege (送葬车队) pass by in Edinburgh. “Look, I know the queen is ‘Britain’. But for me, she’s the queen of the world.” Sky News reported. Now, Charles, as the first new British monarch of the 21st century, is considered to be facing a lot of challenges, as he is not as popular as his mother was, noted The Washington Post. However, he has also been seen to be passionate (热情的) about his charities. His charity, The Prince’s Trust, has helped a million young people in Britain and around the Commonwealth. 13. How old was Queen Elizabeth II when she took the throne? A. 10 years old. B. 20 years old. C. 26 years old. D. 73 years old. 14. What did the queen do when she was on the throne? a. She did a lot of charity work. b. She delivered many Christmas speeches. c. She hosted the building work of many landmarks. d. She connected the royal family with the public. A. abc B. abd C. acd D. bcd 15. According to the story, we know that King Charles III ________. A. isn’t welcomed by British people B. won’t last long on the throne C. doesn’t want to take the throne D. has done a lot of charity work 16. According to the passage, which word can best describe the queen? A. Kind. B. Humorous. C. Fashionable. D. Brave. (5) He was a poet known for the nostalgia (乡愁) he described in his poems. Now, it’s time for us to express our nostalgia for this great writer. On December 14, 2017, the famous Chinese poet Yu Guangzhong passed away in Taiwan. Born in 1928 in Nanjing, Jiangsu, Yu studied in Sichuan when he was young. At that time, he had showed great interest in Chinese poems and spent a lot of his free time trying writing poems himself. Then he managed to publish his first poem at the age of 20. A year later, Yu and his family moved to Taiwan. He lived and worked there until his death. Nostalgia is Yu’s masterpiece in which he expressed his homesickness for the Chinese mainland when he was in Taiwan. Published in 1971, the poem remains highly popular among Chinese speakers worldwide. Even those who know little about literature are familiar with lines from the poem. The poem is included in Chinese high school textbooks. Besides his achievements in poetry, Yu was also a successful essay writer, critic and translator. He once translated Siegfried Sassoon’s poem In Me, Past, Present, Future Meet, an English poem, into Chinese. It is regarded as a powerful translation, in which the most famous line is “心有猛虎，细嗅蔷薇” for “In me the tiger sniffs the rose”. Yu spent his whole life writing. “The reason why I stick to writing till today comes down to my passion for the Chinese language, “ he said in an interview in 2015. He then added that this passion was strengthened by his love for his mother and motherland. Now, let’s enjoy the poem Nostalgia. 17. Which of the following statements is true? A. Yu lived with his family in Taiwan all his life. B. Many Chinese people know the poem Nostalgia. C. We can find Nostalgia in primary school textbooks. D. Yu translated Siegfried Sassoon’s poem into English. 18. In what order did the events take place in Yu’s life? a. Yu and his family moved to Taiwan. b. Yu told the reason why he stuck to writing. c. Yu’s poem Nostalgia was published. d. Yu passed away in Taiwan. e. Yu wrote and published his first poem. A. a-e-b-d-c B. e-b-a-c-d C. a-e-d-b-c D. e-a-c-b-d 19. Why did Yu spend all his life writing? A. He made a lot of money from writing. B. He had great interest in English poems. C. He loved his family and mainland a lot. D. He had a lot of free time and was bored. 20. What’s the best title of the passage? A. How to Write Good Poems B. Yu Guangzhong’s Poem Nostalgia C. Chinese Mainland and Taiwan D. Yu Guangzhong’s Lifetime of Writing (6) What would life be like if you were a rocker, a soccer player, a professor who teaches at Stanford University, and a Nobel Prize winner? Carolyn Bertozzi from the US lives such a cool life! Bertozzi, born in 1966, shares the 2022 Nobel Prize in chemistry with two other scientists. She has won the prize because she has found a smart way to connect cells by connecting their sugar coats. According to the University of California, this is of great importance as it can be widely used in medical science. For example, it can help doctors to fight against serious diseases like cancers. Although she has achieved a lot in science, Bertozzi was not interested in science until her second year at Harvard University. “The professors made the class very difficult,” she told Chemistry World Magazine. “My classmates complained a lot. However, although it was challenging, it was quite interesting. I started to fall in love with it and studied quite well.” Apart from doing research, Bertozzi has lived a colorful life. She was in a rock band. “I even used to think about being a student studying music,” she said. She also played soccer, and won a sports scholarship from Harvard. As a female scientist, Bertozzi always tries to speak for women. She believes that women can also contribute to the development of science and work hard for it. She even got an award for this in 2021. “In the late 1980s, maybe 90% of the students were men.” Bertozzi said. “There were maybe just one or two women in a lab, so I tried to support each other by starting a monthly sharing meeting for all the women students in the department.” 21. How old was Bertozzi when she won the Nobel Prize? A. 55. B. 56. C. 65. D. 66. 22. Why is Bertozzi’s finding important according to Paragraph 2? A. Because the cells can connect to the sugar coats faster. B. Because it helped Bertozzi become the only Noble Prize winner. C. Because people can use her finding to develop medical science. D. Because the serious diseases like cancers will disappear forever. 23. According to Paragraph 4, which statement is TRUE? A. Bertozzi mainly studied music at her university. B. Bertozzi only enjoyed doing the science research. C. Bertozzi won a music scholarship for playing music. D. Bertozzi lived a colorful life apart from doing research. 24. How did Bertozzi support women students in the late 1980s? A. By building a new lab for girls. B. By setting some awards for girls. C. By asking more girls to study science together. D. By starting a monthly sharing meeting (7) Have you ever heard Auld Lang Syne? “Auld Lang Syne” means, in English, “old days gone by”. People in Britain usually sing this song at parties and most famously on New Year’s Eve. Auld Lang Syne was actually a poem written by Robert Burns in Scottish in 1788. Robert Burns was born in Scotland in 1759 to a poor family on the farm. His family often had nothing to eat. He had little education and taught himself through self-study. Even from an early age, Burns began to show his writing talent. His first collection of poems came out when he was 27, which earned him four hundred dollars, a large sum of money at that time. When the French Revolution (革命), he supported the revolution and in 1792 he sent four small guns to Paris. He further expressed his support by writing a number of poems. In these poems Burns called on people to fight for a happy life in the future. During the last 9 years of his life, Burns did a great deal of work in collecting and editing traditional Scottish songs. He refused to accept any pay, although he was in bad need of money. He continued the work until he died on 21 July, 1796. He wrote poems in the tradition of Scottish folk songs. Many Burns’ works are of love and friendship. Much of the effect for Burns’ works of art was gathered from his surroundings—the places he travelled to, the culture and the people he loved at that time. His poems speak straight from the heart of a farmer to express the common feelings of millions of working people in simplest words. One of his world-famous works is A Red, Red (1794). He is still remembered as Scotland’s national poet, more than 250 years after his death. A national Burns Night is held in Scotland and in other places throughout the world every year on his birthday, 25 January. 25. What is Auld Lang Syne? A. An old saying in English. B. A poem written in Scottish. C. An expression to explain time. D. A song created on New Year’s Eve. 26. In what order did Robert Burns do the following? 　 　 a. Wrote Auld Lang Syne. b. Published his first collection of poems. c. Sent small guns to support the French Revolution. d. Began to collect and edit traditional Scottish songs. A. b-d-a-c B. a-c-b-d C. b-c-d-a D. a-b-c-d 27. What made Robert Burns a national poet? A. The love he showed for poem writing. B. The culture he created for the New Year. C. The achievement he made in Scottish literature. D. The spirit he developed in the French Revolution. 28. In which book may people find this passage? A. Collection of English Poems. B. Great Works and Their Writers. C. How to Celebrate the New Year. D. The Most Famous Songs in History. (8) Martin Strel is a long-distance swimmer, best known for swimming the world’s big rivers. He was born in Slovenia in 1954. He taught himself to swim when he was six and became a professional (职业的) swimmer in 1978. Martin holds Guinness World Records for swimming the Danube River, the Mississippi River, the Yanetze River and the Amazon River. Of all his achievements, the greatest is his Amazon River swim. The Amazon is known as the largest and most dangerous river in the world. Several swimmers had tried to swim it, but all failed, Martin decided to risk his life and make history. He wanted to show the world that people could achieve their dreams and goals with hard work and perseverance (毅力). On April 7th, 2007, Martin Strel completed his Amazon River all the way from Atalaya (Peru) to the Atlantic Ocean at Belem (Brazil). He struggled (奋战) with the river for 66 days and swam 3,274 miles in total. He became a worldwide hero. Many people still cannot believe what he has done so far, so that is why they sometimes describe him as “Fishman”, “Human Fish” or even “the Craziest Man in the World”. In 2009, American filmmakers produced a documentary (纪录片) called Big River Man. And the book, The Man Who Swan the Amazon, has been sold in many countries. It tells us an inspirational story of perseverance and hard work, which has encouraged many people. Martin doesn’t swim for money. Instead, he swims to teach people about the importance of keeping water clean. Martin has always been looking for the challenges of the impossible. At present, he is training for a new challenge—swimming for The Grand Canyon. 29. How old was Martin Strel when he succeeded in swimming the Amazon River? A. 24. B. 53. C. 55. D. 69. 30. What does the underlined word “inspirational (in Para 5)” probably mean ? A. frightening B. terrible C. encouraging D. lively 31. What’s the purpose of Martin swimming the big rivers? A. To make a lot of money for a good living. B. To teach people the importance keeping water clean. C. To produce exciting documentaries and best-selling books. D. To teach people how to swim the big rivers. 32. What can be the best title of this passage? A. Swim for Fun B. Face the Failure C. Swim for Money D. Challenge the Impossible （9） Shirley Jane Temple was the leading child actor of her time, receiving a special Oscar and acting the leading role in films like Bright Eyes and Heidi. Shirley Jane Temple was born on April 23, 1928, in Santa Monica, California. When Temple was just 3 years old, she began her first low-budget movie Baby Burlesques. Temple’s mother was aware of her girl’s talents by enrolling her in dance classes at the age of 3, so her father became her agent and financial adviser. When the cute actress was 6 years old, she appeared in her first Hollywood film, Carolina. With Fox Film Corporation, Temple made an additional 8 films. The little actress, singer and dancer with the dancing golden curls became a top earner for the studio. In 1934, she became a world-famous star in Bright Eyes, which was designed especially for her talents. The young performer showed many wonderful pictures during 1934. She received a special Children Academy Award in February 1935 for her outstanding contribution. President Franklin D. Roosevelt called Temple “Little Miss Miracle” for raising the public’s confidence during tunes of economic hardship. He even said, “As long as our country has Shirley Temple, we will be all right.” By 1940, Temple had acted in 43 films under her early acting career. After Temple grew up, she made guest appearances on television shows in the early l960s and filmed a comedy that was never released. Temple acted in 46 films in her whole life. In 1969, her lift got a great change—she began her diplomatic career and worked successfully till her late life. During her political career, Temple visited China in April, 1977. In 1988, she published her autobiography, Child Star. From this book we can learn about her experiences, achievements and so on. Shirley Temple died of natural causes on February 10, 2014, at her home near San Francisco California. She was 85 years old. Following her death, Temple’s family and friends published a statement that read, “We pay her respects for a life of remarkable achievements as an actor, as a diplomat, and most importantly as our beloved mother, grandmother, geat-grandmother, and adored wife of 55 years.” 33. How many films had Temple completed by the age of 12? A. 8 B. 43 C. 46 D. 85 34. According to the passage, in what order did these events take place in Temple’s life? a. Temple died of natural causes. b. Temple became a diplomat for her country. c. Temple visited China during her political career. d. Temple published her autobiography, Child Star. e. Temple became well-known for her successful acting. f. Temple made her first acting in a series of low-budget movies. A. e, f, c, d, b, a B. e, f, d, b, c, a C. f, e, b, c, d, a D. f, e, b, d, c, a 35. Why did the President call Temple “Little Miss Miracle”? A. Because Temple was an adorable child star. B. Because Temple gave hopes to people in difficult times. C. Because Temple had great achievements in her acting life. D. Because Temple was a very successful diplomat for the country. 36 What does the underlined word “autobiography” in paragraph 5 mean? A. A book about her life. B. A book about her films. C. A book about her contribution. D. A book about her diplomatic career. （10） One day, a typist named Miss Leeson came to an apartment building looking for a room to rent. She didn’t have much money, so she was shown the cheapest room in the building, which was all the way at the top floor. The room was tiny and dark, except for a skylight in the ceiling. It wasn’t luxury, but she was thankful to find something that she could afford on her modest income. The young typist, taking a positive attitude, accepted her new home. “I’ll take it!” she said, sitting down on the small bed. Miss Leeson was very charming, and the other tenants (房客) grew quite fond of her, Every night after work, all of the tenants would gather together and sit on the stoop to chat. One such night, Miss Leeson pointed out a star as she looked up to the night sky. She said that every night, when she went to bed and looked through her skylight, she could see it. She called the star Billy Jackson. “You ought to see it from my room,” said Miss Leeson. “At night, my room is like a deep, dark coal mine, and it makes Billy Jackson look like the big diamond pin that Night fastens her kimono with.” Times soon became hard for Miss Leeson, as she was able to find less and less work. She went from office to office every day, and more often than not, she was told that there was no need for a typist. She began to struggle to afford food and rent. One night when she came home, she was exhausted and weak—she hadn’t eaten in quite some time. She lay upon her little bed and, looking up, lifted two fingers to her lips to blow a kiss to her Billy Jackson. “Goodbye, Billy,” she whispered weakly. She thanked the star for always being there to comfort her in the darkness. Then, she closed her eyes. The next morning, when the tenants found what had happened, they called for an ambulance. Luckily, after some immediate treatment, the ambulance physician—Dr. William Jackson—said that she would recover. Billy Jackson, it seemed, truly was her lucky star. 37. What is special about Miss Leeson’s room? A. It is the only one with a window. B. It is the largest room in the house. C. It offers an amazing view of a star. D. It has an especially comfortable bed. 38. Which of the following is true? A. Miss Leeson survived. B. The physician was Billy Jackson. C. There was a fire in Miss Leeson’s room. D. Billy Jackson lived in the apartment building. 39. What is the best title of the passage? A. The Pitiable Typist B. The Skylight Room C. The Warm-hearted Tenants D. The Life-saving ambulance （11） Mao Yisheng was born in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province. In his childhood, Mao had great interest in reading. He once received private education at the early age. In 1916, he was admitted to study in the United States with excellent scores. Mao continued his education in the United States, receiving his Master’s degree of civil engineering from Cormell University in 1917 and then went on to earn the Doctor’s degree in Pittsburgh in 1921. Mao came to Pittsburgh, a city of bridges, to gain practical experience in bridge construction (建设). After completing his degree, he returned to China and decided to devote himself to science and education. Mao used to work as the director of Engineering Course of Southeast University and president of Engineering Course College of Beiyang University. During the period of teaching engineering in the university, Professor Mao Yisheng had realized the problem that the educational theory was separated from the reality, so he helped to change Chinese engineering education by introducing new subject matter and problem solving techniques into university. He greatly influenced Chinese engineering education with brand-new ways. His education idea came from the motto: “To learn and to practice.” Mao was regarded as the founder of modern bridge engineering. His long and productive career included designing two of the most famous modern bridges in China, Qiantang River Bridge and the Yangtze River Bridge. The project of Qiantang River Bridge began on August 8, 1934 and it was opened to traffic on September 26, 1937. However, only a few months after it was opened, Mao had to destroy it for the reason of the nation’s safety. With a deep love for the country, Mao did it with his own hands to stop the advance of Japanese armies during the Battle of Shanghai in 1937. On the night of bombing the bridge, Mao was extremely sad, with tears in his eyes. “We Chinese will win the Anti-Japanese War, and we will rebuild the bridge.” After World War II, Mao was responsible for the construction of Qiantang River Bridge and it was reopened to traffic in 1953. In 1989, Mao Yisheng died of illness. His great contributions made him truly one of the most outstanding engineering minds of the 20th century. 40. What is the passage mainly about? A. How Mao Yisheng loved China and bridge construction. B. The importance of the Qiantang River Bridge. C. The general details of Mao Yisheng’s life story. D. Mao Yisheng’s educational experience in America. 41. What is TRUE about the Qiantang River Bridge? A. It has never been rebuilt since 1937. B. Mao was sad because of its poor quality. C. It was destroyed by Japanese in the war. D. Mao himself decided to destroy it. 42. What is the correct order for the following events from Mao’s life? a. He came back to China. b. He designed Qiantang River Bridge. c. He earned the Doctor’s degree in Pittsburgh. d. He began teaching engineering in the university. e. He received his master’s degree in Cornell. A. c, e, a, d, b B. c, e, d, a, b C. e, c, d, a, b D. e, c, a, d, b （12） There are some great scientists whose research has changed the whole world. Here are some of them. Albert Einstein was born in Germany, on March 14, 1879. He grew up in Germany, Italy and Switzerland. Einstein taught himself Geometry (几何) when he was 12 years old. He graduated from college in 1900. From 1902 to 1907, Einstein worked as a clerk in the office in Switzerland. His job left him plenty of time to think. Isaac Newton was born in England, on December 25, 1642. He was not a good student. His mother took him out of school so that he could help her with the family farm. Newton did not like farming. He liked to read and study on his own. A teacher knew that Newton was very smart and helped him go to the University of Cambridge. Marie Curie was born in Poland in 1867. Though Marie was very good in school, no university in Poland at that time accepted female students. In 1891, Marie travelled to Paris, France. She attended the Sorbonne, a famous college in Paris. Marie studied Physics and Maths and graduated at the top of her class! She also met a French chemist named Pierre Curie. They married in 1895. Galileo Galilei was born in Italy, on February 15, 1564. After attending the university, he taught Maths. He also observed how things move. There is a story that he dropped two objects of different weights at the same time from the Leaning Tower of Pisa. He found that light and heavy objects fell to the ground at the same time. And he denied the ancient Greek Aristotle’s viewpoint that heavier objects fell faster. 43. What did Newton’s mother take him out of school for? A. Helping do some farm work. B. Reading and studying. C. Coming up with his greatest ideas. D. Keeping healthy. 44. How old was Marie when she travelled to Paris? A. 24. B. 26. C. 27. D. 28. 45. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Einstein learned Geometry by himself when he was 12. B. A teacher helped Newton go to university. C. Marie married Pierre when she was around 38. D. Galileo once did an experiment on the Leaning Tower of Pisa. （13） ① Teachers are often considered to be engineers of the human soul. They are expected to spread knowledge, ideas and truth. There’s one person in China who is called the “teacher of teachers”. He is Tao Xingzhi, a Chinese educator. ② Born in Anhui province, China, in 1891, Tao studied abroad for educational philosophy. When Tao returned to China in 1917 and began his own career as an educator, he did not blindly follow western education methods or theories. In fact, he changed the saying of “Education is life itself” to “Life is education”. Similarly, instead of “school as society (社会)”, he saw it as “society as school”. ③ For Tao, education is an active experience in real-life instead of telling and being told. He supported “unity of teaching, learning, and reflective (反思的) acting”. ④ Besides developing education methods, Tao also tried his best to improve mass education. After doing surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921, Tao was surprised to learn that in China more than 70% of the people in the city didn’t know how to read or write. ⑤ To solve the problem, Tao organized young workers and farmers to study while working. To deal with the shortage of teachers and money, in 1927, Tao set up Xiaozhuang Normal College in Nanjing to train teachers and educators, most of whom became teachers at schools in the countryside. ⑥ In January 1934, he started the “Little Teacher” movement in which young students were encouraged to serve as teachers to others, even to those older than themselves. Under Tao’s guidance, over 18,000 “little teachers” were invited in Shanghai within 10 months. It later included 28 provinces and cities as a key nationwide education movement. Even in the fight against the Japanese army, Tao never forgot his dream. He founded a middle school in Chongqing and offered free education to poor children. ⑦ Maybe Tao’s motto is the best explanation for his life. “Giving a whole heart, yet taking nothing in return, not even a leaf of grass.” 46. What is the correct order of Tao Xingzhi’s life experiences? a. He did surveys in different places in China. b. He went to the US to study educational philosophy. c. He began to build colleges to train teachers and educators. d. He called on young students to be teachers to others in need. e. He returned to China and started his own career as an educator. A. a-c-b-d-e B. a-d-c-e-b C. b-e-a-c-d D. b-c-e-a-d 47. The underlined phrase “mass education” in Paragraph 4 may mean education for ________? A. young children B. ordinary people C. kids with great talent D. poor workers 48. According to the passage, which of the following ideas may Tao Xingzhi agree with? A. School is the best place to learn knowledge and values. B. Students should learn from the world outside their schools. C. Education is telling and being told between teachers and students. D. It is the most important to teach students practical skills in school. 49 The structure of the passage may be________? A. B. C. D. （14） When Wang Haiyan was young, her favorite toys weren’t Barbie dolls. Instead, she started learning to make shadow puppets (皮影) from her father at the age of 13. Now 43, Wang has spent 30 years practising and spreading the art. Shadow puppetry is a form of theater that uses puppets made from leather or paper with music and singing. It was invented during the Western Han Dynasty, it tells us about folk tales and historical stories, passing down culture and traditions over thousands of years. Shadow puppetry is all about creating the puppets and performing with them. Wang’s hometown of Hua County, Shaanxi, is known as the birthplace of the folk art. Puppet-makers must follow 24 steps to make the puppets, including washing the leather, carving (雕刻), and painting. Carving is the most difficult part. “We have a special carving skill — moving the leather under the knife.” Wang said. “You have to hold the knife still in your right hand and only move the leather in your left hand.” It took Wang three years to master this skill. She used a brick (砖) to strengthen her left hand while practising. “It takes about 3,000 carves to make a shadow puppet. The complicated (复杂的) steps make it hard to hand down the folk art.” she said. But Wang has found a way to do so. In 2016, she made shadow puppets based on the cartoon series Huyao Xiaohongniang and gave an online performance. She used colors like blue and purple that aren’t often seen in shadow puppetry and added some sticks to the puppets to make the performance more lively. “I hope more and more young people enjoy shadow puppetry and pass it down.” She said. 50. What’s the main idea of the second paragraph? A. What shadow puppetry is. B. How shadow puppetry is performed. C. When shadow puppetry became popular. D. Why Wang is interested in shadow puppetry. 51 Which is the hardest step in making a puppet according to the passage? A. Washing the leather. B. Carving the leather. C Painting the leather. D. Folding the leather. 52. According to Wang, why is it difficult to spread shadow puppetry? A. It’s difficult to learn to make puppets. B. This art is only known in Hua County. C. It requires great strength to perform the art. D. The history of shadow puppetry is too old. 53. What can we learn from the passage? A. Wang spent 30 years learning to cane puppets. B. Wang enjoys getting young people interested in this art. C. Wang has set up a company to make and sell shadow puppets. D. Wang is working on a cartoon about shadow puppets. （15） His friends and family call him “Big Feng” because he is very tall and played basketball as a young man. But he is also big in a different way—he fights hard to protect China’s past. His real name is Feng Jicai and he has written many novels about life in China. Several years ago, however, he put down his pen for a while and began to protect the cultural relics（文化遗产）in Tianjin where he lived. Once someone asked him why he no longer wrote. He replied that at the moment he felt protecting cultural relics was more important. Feng loves his hometown. He believes that old things must be given a place next to new things, or people will soon forget their great past. He does not make speeches to get others to help him in his projects. Instead, he goes out and does what he can himself. If others follow him, so much the better. One of his biggest projects was to protect the oldest street in Tianjin. Along that street some shops had been in business for seven hundred years. Although the city government rebuilt this street, they did save its oldest building. Another project was more successful: he suggested the city government reserve（保留）some land in the centre of the city so it could not be sold for business. This area is very important for the history of Tianjin. It was here that the city was first built during the Song Dynasty Later many treasures were found here. To Feng, digging down into the earth is like reading a book page after page. Each dynasty found in the earth is like an interesting story. Not long ago, he and other writers and artists took photos of the old parts of Tianjin. The photos were put into a book which was very popular. The money from the book helps his projects. Once, an old man asked Feng to sign a book for him, saying he would give it to his grandson who was not yet born. Feng was glad to do it he knows that the past is not only for us to enjoy but also for the children of the future. 44. What did Big Feng do to protect old things in Tianjin? A. He had written many novels about them. B. He made speeches to ask others to help him. C. He worked hard and did what he can himself D. He rebuilt the oldest street in his hometown. 45. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? A. Digging down into the earth is as comfortable as reading a book. B. Learning more about cultural relics helps us know more about the history. C. By digging down into the earth, we can dig out some interesting books. D. Big Feng is interested in digging down into the earth and reading books. 46. Which of the following will Big Feng agree to? A. Old things should give way to the new things. B. The government should reserve more land in the city centre. C. Protecting cultural relics was as important as writing. D. Children of the future should get to know the past. 47. What is the best title for the text? A. Big Feng and His Novels B. A Great Chinese Novelist C. Cultural Relics in Tianjin D. Big Feng and His Rescue 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题07人物的经历/传记类记叙文阅读理解 （名校真题精选）（共15篇） 一、记叙文（Narration）： 定义 以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主，以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体形式。 特点 具有故事性，通俗易懂。通常有明确的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。通过对人物的行为、语言、心理等方面的描写，以及对事件发生的过程和情节的叙述，展现出一定的主题或情感。例如，讲述一个人的成长经历、一次冒险之旅、一个感人的故事等。 二、英语阅读理解的技巧和方法： Step1:先看题，题目中找关键词：数字，地名，人名，重要词汇 Step2:文章中进行定位，即关键词所在处划线，标题号 Step3:同义词替换，有的题目无需替换，有明显答案；有的需要近义词替换，或通过解释类来替换 Step4:选出最佳选项，仔细选择，注意混淆项的干扰。 三、英语阅读理解常考的题型及相应的答题指导： 题型 题型特点 答题指导 注意事项 (一)细节理解题 按顺序出题；每段 一题左右 1. 仔细阅读题目，确定关键词。 2. 带着关键词回到原文，定位相关信息。 3. 对比原文和选项，选出最符合原文细节的选项。 What do we know.../when/why..文章里一定有比较直白的答案点 (二)主旨大意题 要求概括文章的中心思想或主要内容。 1. 快速浏览全文，特别注意文章的首段、尾段以及每段的首句和尾句。 2. 综合这些关键部分的内容，总结出文章的主旨。 3. 对照选项，选择最能准确概括主旨的选项。 the best title看首段收尾句 Main idea看尾段收尾句 Suggestion/where it from看每段收尾句 (三)推理判断题 需要根据文章内容进行推理和判断。 1. 基于文章提供的事实和线索进行合理推断。 2. 注意不要过度推理，要以原文为依据。 3. 仔细分析选项，选择符合推理逻辑且有原文依据支持的选项。 英文不够强大，可用中文脑补，符合文章大逻辑 (四)词义猜测题 猜测文中生词或短语的含义。 1. 结合生词或短语所在的句子及上下文语境进行猜测。 2. 利用构词法知识辅助猜测。 3. 排除明显不符合语境的选项，选择最合理的释义。 上下文中找相关表达，注意词性保持一致，可用排除法（熟悉未必对，要结合语境意思） (五)观点态度题 判断作者对某一事物的态度。 1. 留意文中表达情感、观点的词汇和语句。 2. 分析作者的用词和语气。 3. 从选项中选择与分析结果相符的态度。 (六)文章结构题 总分总；总分；分总 四、真题训练： (1) Su Shi, also known as Su Dongpo, was an outstanding Chinese poet（政治家）, who lived during the Song Dynasty from 1037 to 1101. Su Shi was born into a well﹣known family in Meishan, Sichuan province. His father and brother were both great poets. Su Shi showed great talent from a young age and was known for his skills in handwriting and painting. At the age of 20, Su Shi successfully passed the imperial（科举）examination and began his official career. Throughout his life, Su held a number of different government positions across China. However, his different opinions often got him into trouble because of disagreements at court, he was exiled (流放) three times. In 1079, Su Shi was even sent to prison. Although he got out of prison at last, he was placed under strict control for the rest of his life. Though he met a lot of difficulties, Su Shi’s literary talent continued to shine, and he produced a great number of' poetic works during his lifetime. In 1080, he was exiled to Huangzhou. During his exile, he found peace in nature and produced some of his best works. The famous poem, “Red Cliff” was one of them. Su Shi’s talent was beyond poetry, as he was also a great prose writer. His article “On the Love of the Lotus” shows his love for the beauty of the flower. In addition, his collection of short stories, shows his humour and wisdom. It was not only in the literary field that Su Shi was highly praised. As an official, he won the love and support of the people. During his services, he did a lot for the people. In 1077, he protected the city from a terrible flood. The people in Xuzhou were thankful to him and gave him some food as presents. Although Su Shi’s life was filled with both achievements and troubles, he is remembered as one of the greatest people in Chinese history, and his creative genius and strong spirit continue to influence and guide people around China. 1. In what order did the following happen in Su Shi’s life? 　 　 a. He began his official career. b. He protected Xuzhou from a flood. c. He created “Red Cliff”. d. He was sent in prison. e. He showed great talent in painting. A. e﹣a﹣c﹣b﹣d B. e﹣a﹣b﹣d﹣c C. a﹣b﹣e﹣c﹣d D. a﹣c﹣e﹣b﹣d 2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Sushi’s official career. B. Sushi’s early life experience. C. Sushi’s achievements in literary field. D. Sushi’s most important literary works. 3. Why could Su Shi win the support from people? A. He looked on the bright side and created many works. B. He was good at writing humorous and wise short stories. C. He cared about the people and helped them solve problems. D. He was sent to prison and under strict control for a long time. 4. What does the writer think of Su Shi? A. He encourages a lot of people. B. He has changed Chinese history. C. He is the greatest poet in China. D. He lived a happy and successful life. 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了著名诗人苏轼的才华和人生际遇。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 1 细节理解题 根据第二段“Su Shi showed great talent from a young age and was known for his skills in handwriting and painting.”可知苏轼很早就展现了绘画和书法方面的才华。“At the age of 20, Su Shi successfully passed the imperial examination and began his official career.”可知，20岁通过科举考试。第二段 “In 1079, Su Shi was even sent to prison.”可知1079年入狱，“ In 1080, he was exiled to Huangzhou. During his  exile, he found peace in nature and produced some of his best works. （1080年，在流亡期间创作了一些最好的作品。）”以及第三段“In 1077, he protected the city from a terrible flood.”可知1077年他帮助人民抗洪。正确顺序为e﹣a﹣b﹣d﹣c。 B 2 段落大意题 根据第三段“It was not only in the literary field that Su Shi was highly praised. As an official, he won the love and support of the people.” 可知，他在文学上有成就，而且在做官的时候也受到百姓爱戴，故本段内容讲述他的仕途。 A 3 细节理解题 根据第三段“During his services, he did a lot for the people. In 1077, he protected the city from a terrible flood. ”可知1077年，他保护了这座城市免受一场可怕的洪水，是因为他关心人民。 C 4 推理判断题 根据最后一段“his creative genius and strong spirit continue to influence and guide people around China.”可知，作者认为他的才干和坚强精神继续影响和指导着中国各地的人们，作者认为他鼓励了很多人。 A (2) The world has lost a great translator. Xu Yuanchong, one of the world’s most famous Chinese translators, died at the age of 100 on June 17, 2021 in Beijing. Xu devoted (投入) himself to translators for more than 60 years. He translated more than 120 publications in Chinese, English and French, reaching millions of readers around the world. A translated work should be just as beautiful as the original (原作). Xu said. He used his creativity to make this possible. Instead of directly translating words from one language to another, he changed the translated wording when necessary to make the text readable and relatable to readers. Xu Yuanchong translated Chinese poems into both English and French. Thanks to his translations, English and French-speaking readers are able to better understand Chinese literature. Xu won the Chinese Translation Culture Lifetime Achievement (CTCLA) Award in December 2010. In 2014, he was the first Asian person to win the Aurora Borealis Prize for Outstanding Translation of Literature, one of the world’s highest prizes for a translator. Xu was a hard worker. He lived in an old house near Peking University. Every day, he would translate about 1,000 words, working until 3 to 4 a.m., then sleep for about three hours and get up at 6 a.m. to continue working. He often quoted a verse from English poet Thomas Moore’s The Young May Moon—“And the best of all ways to lengthen our days is to steal a few hours from the night.” 5. Xu most probably started giving much of his time to translation at the age of ______. A 17 B. 35 C. 60 D. 93 6. Which of the following is true about Xu Yuanchong according to the passage? A. He translated directly from one language to another. B He translated hundreds of publications in 3 languages. C. He won the CTCLA Award when he was 89 years old. D. He helped Chinese readers better understand our culture. 7. Which words can best describe Xu Yuanchong according to the passage? A. Creative and hard-working. B. Honest and knowledgeable. C. Strong-willed and patient. D. Talented and warm-hearted. 8. What’s the best tile of this article? A. Hours stolen from the night B. A great Chinese translator C. Enjoy the beautiful works D. The beauty of literature 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国著名翻译家许渊冲。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 5 推理判断题 根据文章第一段中的“died at the age of 100 on June 17, 2021 in Beijing”和第二段中的“Xu devoted (投入) himself to translators for more than 60 years”可推知，许在大约30多岁时就开始把大部分时间花在翻译上 B 6 推理判断题 根据文章第一段中的“died at the age of 100 on June 17, 2021 in Beijing”和倒数第二段中的“Xu won the Chinese Translation Culture Lifetime Achievement (CTCLA) Award in December 2010”可推知，许渊冲在89岁时获得了CTCLA奖 C 7 推理判断题 根据文章第三段中的“He used his creativity to make this possible”和最后一段中的“Xu was a hard worker”可推知，许渊冲有创造力且努力 A 8 最佳标题题 通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国著名翻译家许渊冲，所以B项“一位伟大的中国翻译家”最符合文章标题 B (3) What is the image of a typical female scientist? Perhaps you imagine a pair of thick glasses, messy hair and a few wrinkles on the forehead? With her high-heeled shoes and graceful posture, Ning Yan (or Nieng Yan), may break that stereotype (刻板印象). Described as “the goddess scientist”, Yan, born in November 1977, is a leading biology researcher at Princeton University in the US. About a year ago, she was included among 100 new members and 25 foreign associates (院士) into The National Academy of Sciences, a famous scientific institution that aims to recognize outstanding research in the US. You may not know Yan’s contribution to biology, but she is a rising star in the science world and her resume (简历) is impressive. She studied at Tsinghua University from 1996 to 2000. After graduating from Princeton in the US, she was invited to set up her own laboratory at Tsinghua in 2007. At age 30, she became one of China’s youngest-ever female professors. It was a long road to get where she is now. She told People magazine that she always believes that scientists need to have a pure mind and strong willpower. Yan likes to work at night. She says it’s because she can focus when the outside is quiet. She also works at least 14 hours a day, but she’s energetic, because research is the most “comfortable” job for her, according to an interview with People magazine. This devotion to her work probably helped Yan in her research to identify the structures of proteins in cells’ plasma membranes (细胞质膜), which puzzled scientists for half a century. Her achievements got her listed among the journal Nature’s Science Stars of China in 2016. Apart from scientific research, Yan enjoys TV dramas and classic novels. Surprisingly, the novel Journey to the West inspired her to become a structural biologist. In the book, the Monkey King changes into other animals. She wondered what it would be like to change herself. Luckily, Yan now lives in that world every day, exploring how proteins work at the level of atoms. “It was almost destined (注定的) that I would become a structural biologist,” she said in an interview with Nature. As she realizes her own dreams, Yan tries to encourage more women to pursue careers in science. In her eyes, there is no difference between men and women in the scientific fields. “Women can work as excellently as men and live the way they choose to,” she said in a public interview. 9. What's the correct order of the following events? a Ning Yan was elected as a foreign associate of the USA. b. Ning Yan was chosen as one of the journal Nature's Science Stars of China. c. Ning Yan studied at Princeton in the US. d. Ning Yan set up her own laboratory at Tsinghua. e. Ning Yan studied at Tsinghua University. A. c, e, d, b, a B. e, c, d, b, a C. c, e, d, a, b D. e, d, c, a, b 10. What should a scientist be like according to Yan? A. Devoted and strong minded. B. Curious and full of energy. C. Independent and confident. D. Outgoing and talented. 11. What is Yan's opinion of women scientists? A. They are better at science than men. B. They are often misunderstood. C. They are also able to achieve great things. D. They need to work harder than men to realize their dreams. 12. What's best title of this passage? A. Ning Yan, a rising star of science. B. Ning Yan's career. C. Ning Yan, a typical female scientist. D. Ning Yan's dream. 【解析】 【导语】本文是新闻类阅读，介绍了中国最年轻女科学家颜宁的成功之路。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 9 细节排序题 通读全文，根据第三段“She studied at Tsinghua University from 1996 to 2000. After graduating from Princeton in the US, she was invited to set up her own laboratory at Tsinghua in 2007”，可知她先在清华大学就读，然后在美国普林斯顿大学学习，2007年回清华建立自己的实验室；根据第六段“Her achievements got her listed among the journal Nature’s Science Stars of China in 2016”，可知于2016年被《自然》杂志选为中国科学之星；结合第二段“About a year ago, she was included among 100 new members and 25 foreign associates into The National Academy of Sciences”可知，大约一年前她成为美国国家科学院的新成员。综上可知，e, c, d, b, a顺序正确 B 10 细节理解题 根据“She told People magazine that she always believes that scientists need to have a pure mind and strong willpower”可知，她认为科学家要有纯净的心灵和坚强的意志力，Devoted and strong minded符合题意 A 11 推理判断题 根据“In her eyes, there is no difference between men and women in the scientific field”，可推知她认为和男性科学家一样，女性科学家也能取得伟大的成就；They are also able to achieve great things符合题意 C 12 标题归纳题 通读全文，结合“You may not know Yan’s contribution to biology, but she is a rising star in the science world and her resume is impressive”，可知介绍的是科学家颜宁，一颗冉冉升起的新星，Ning Yan, a rising star of science符合文意 A (4) Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ, Britain’s longest-serving monarch (君主), died aged 96, on Sept 8. Her eldest son, 73-year-old Charles, has now become king and head of state not just in the UK but in 14 other Commonwealth realms (英联邦国家). He is called King Charles III. The queen took the throne in 1952 when the UK was still rebuilding after World War II. She devoted (奉献) her life to serving her country and the Commonwealth and saw 15 British prime ministers come and go. She was admired around the world. She supported over 600 charities (慈善机构), according to Sky News. And she kept a close connection with the public. In the UK, every Christmas day, people would turn on their TVs to listen to the queen’s Christmas speech. People across the world mourned (悼念) the queen’s death. The UK has 10 days of national mourning. Flags flying from landmark buildings have been half-masted (降半旗). Leaders from different countries also expressed their sincere condolences (吊唁). In a statement, French President Emmanuel Macron said, “The woman who stood alongside the giants of the 20th century on the path of history has left to join them.” “It’s just so heartbreaking,” said Laura Lang, from the US, seeing the queen’s cortege (送葬车队) pass by in Edinburgh. “Look, I know the queen is ‘Britain’. But for me, she’s the queen of the world.” Sky News reported. Now, Charles, as the first new British monarch of the 21st century, is considered to be facing a lot of challenges, as he is not as popular as his mother was, noted The Washington Post. However, he has also been seen to be passionate (热情的) about his charities. His charity, The Prince’s Trust, has helped a million young people in Britain and around the Commonwealth. 13. How old was Queen Elizabeth II when she took the throne? A. 10 years old. B. 20 years old. C. 26 years old. D. 73 years old. 14. What did the queen do when she was on the throne? a. She did a lot of charity work. b. She delivered many Christmas speeches. c. She hosted the building work of many landmarks. d. She connected the royal family with the public. A. abc B. abd C. acd D. bcd 15. According to the story, we know that King Charles III ________. A. isn’t welcomed by British people B. won’t last long on the throne C. doesn’t want to take the throne D. has done a lot of charity work 16. According to the passage, which word can best describe the queen? A. Kind. B. Humorous. C. Fashionable. D. Brave. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了英国女王伊丽莎白二世的去世及她的生平。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 13 推理判断题 根据“Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ, Britain’s longest-serving monarch (君主), died aged 96, on Sept 8.”及“The queen took the throne in 1952”可知，1952年登基，2022年去世时她96岁，因此英国女王伊丽莎白二世登基时26岁。 C 14 细节理解题 根据“She supported over 600 charities (慈善机构), according to Sky News. And she kept a close connection with the public. In the UK, every Christmas day, people would turn on their TVs to listen to the queen’s Christmas speech.”可知，她做了很多慈善工作，发表了许多圣诞演说，还将王室与公众联系起来。 B 15 细节理解题 根据“However, he has also been seen to be passionate (热情的) about his charities. His charity, The Prince’s Trust, has helped a million young people in Britain and around the Commonwealth.”可知，国王查理三世做了很多慈善工作。 D 16 推理判断题 根据“She was admired around the world. She supported over 600 charities (慈善机构), according to Sky News. And she kept a close connection with the public. In the UK, every Christmas day, people would turn on their TVs to listen to the queen’s Christmas speech.”可知，女王是善良的。 A (5) He was a poet known for the nostalgia (乡愁) he described in his poems. Now, it’s time for us to express our nostalgia for this great writer. On December 14, 2017, the famous Chinese poet Yu Guangzhong passed away in Taiwan. Born in 1928 in Nanjing, Jiangsu, Yu studied in Sichuan when he was young. At that time, he had showed great interest in Chinese poems and spent a lot of his free time trying writing poems himself. Then he managed to publish his first poem at the age of 20. A year later, Yu and his family moved to Taiwan. He lived and worked there until his death. Nostalgia is Yu’s masterpiece in which he expressed his homesickness for the Chinese mainland when he was in Taiwan. Published in 1971, the poem remains highly popular among Chinese speakers worldwide. Even those who know little about literature are familiar with lines from the poem. The poem is included in Chinese high school textbooks. Besides his achievements in poetry, Yu was also a successful essay writer, critic and translator. He once translated Siegfried Sassoon’s poem In Me, Past, Present, Future Meet, an English poem, into Chinese. It is regarded as a powerful translation, in which the most famous line is “心有猛虎，细嗅蔷薇” for “In me the tiger sniffs the rose”. Yu spent his whole life writing. “The reason why I stick to writing till today comes down to my passion for the Chinese language, “ he said in an interview in 2015. He then added that this passion was strengthened by his love for his mother and motherland. Now, let’s enjoy the poem Nostalgia. 17. Which of the following statements is true? A. Yu lived with his family in Taiwan all his life. B. Many Chinese people know the poem Nostalgia. C. We can find Nostalgia in primary school textbooks. D. Yu translated Siegfried Sassoon’s poem into English. 18. In what order did the events take place in Yu’s life? a. Yu and his family moved to Taiwan. b. Yu told the reason why he stuck to writing. c. Yu’s poem Nostalgia was published. d. Yu passed away in Taiwan. e. Yu wrote and published his first poem. A. a-e-b-d-c B. e-b-a-c-d C. a-e-d-b-c D. e-a-c-b-d 19. Why did Yu spend all his life writing? A. He made a lot of money from writing. B. He had great interest in English poems. C. He loved his family and mainland a lot. D. He had a lot of free time and was bored. 20. What’s the best title of the passage? A. How to Write Good Poems B. Yu Guangzhong’s Poem Nostalgia C. Chinese Mainland and Taiwan D. Yu Guangzhong’s Lifetime of Writing 【解析】 【导语】本文叙述了余光中是一个评论家，诗人和翻译家，他一生酷爱写作，《乡愁》是余光中的伟大作品，在作品中表达了他在台湾时对中国大陆的思念之情。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 17 细节理解题 根据“Nostalgia is Yu’s masterpiece in which he expresses his homesickness for the Chinese mainland when he was in Taiwan.”可知，《乡愁》是余光中的伟大作品，在作品中表达了他在台湾时对中国大陆的思念之情。 B 18 细节理解题 根据“Then he managed to publish his first poem at the age of 20.”可知， 他在20岁时发表了他的第一首诗；根据“A year later, Yu and his family moved to Taiwan.”可知， 一年后，余光中和他的家人搬到了台湾。故排除AC；根据“Published in 1971, the poem remains highly popular among Chinese speakers worldwide.”可知，《乡愁》在1971年发表了；根据“Yu spent his whole life writing.”和 “‘The reason why I stick to writing till today comes down to my passion for the Chinese language,’ he once said in a 2015 interview.”可知，余光中一生都在写作。他曾在2015年的一次采访中说：“我之所以坚持写作到今天，是因为我对中文的热爱。” 根据“Yu passed away in Taiwan.”可知，余光中最后在台湾去世。 D 19 细节理解题 根据“Yu spent his whole life writing. “The reason why I stick to writing till today comes down to my passion for the Chinese language,” he once said in a 2015 interview. He then added that this passion was strengthened by his love for his mother and his motherland.”可知， 余光中一生都在写作。他曾在2015年的一次采访中说:“我之所以坚持写作到今天，是因为我对中文的热爱。”他还说，对母亲和祖国的爱使他更加热爱祖国。 C 20 最佳标题题 根据“He was a poet known for the nostalgia (乡愁) he described in his poems. Now, it’s time for us to express our nostalgia for this great writer.”及全文可知，本文叙述了余光中是一个评论家，诗人和翻译家，他一生酷爱写作，《乡愁》是余光中的伟大作品，在作品中表达了他在台湾时对中国大陆的思念之情。 D (6) What would life be like if you were a rocker, a soccer player, a professor who teaches at Stanford University, and a Nobel Prize winner? Carolyn Bertozzi from the US lives such a cool life! Bertozzi, born in 1966, shares the 2022 Nobel Prize in chemistry with two other scientists. She has won the prize because she has found a smart way to connect cells by connecting their sugar coats. According to the University of California, this is of great importance as it can be widely used in medical science. For example, it can help doctors to fight against serious diseases like cancers. Although she has achieved a lot in science, Bertozzi was not interested in science until her second year at Harvard University. “The professors made the class very difficult,” she told Chemistry World Magazine. “My classmates complained a lot. However, although it was challenging, it was quite interesting. I started to fall in love with it and studied quite well.” Apart from doing research, Bertozzi has lived a colorful life. She was in a rock band. “I even used to think about being a student studying music,” she said. She also played soccer, and won a sports scholarship from Harvard. As a female scientist, Bertozzi always tries to speak for women. She believes that women can also contribute to the development of science and work hard for it. She even got an award for this in 2021. “In the late 1980s, maybe 90% of the students were men.” Bertozzi said. “There were maybe just one or two women in a lab, so I tried to support each other by starting a monthly sharing meeting for all the women students in the department.” 21. How old was Bertozzi when she won the Nobel Prize? A. 55. B. 56. C. 65. D. 66. 22. Why is Bertozzi’s finding important according to Paragraph 2? A. Because the cells can connect to the sugar coats faster. B. Because it helped Bertozzi become the only Noble Prize winner. C. Because people can use her finding to develop medical science. D. Because the serious diseases like cancers will disappear forever. 23. According to Paragraph 4, which statement is TRUE? A. Bertozzi mainly studied music at her university. B. Bertozzi only enjoyed doing the science research. C. Bertozzi won a music scholarship for playing music. D. Bertozzi lived a colorful life apart from doing research. 24. How did Bertozzi support women students in the late 1980s? A. By building a new lab for girls. B. By setting some awards for girls. C. By asking more girls to study science together. D. By starting a monthly sharing meeting 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个同时拥有多种身份的诺贝尔奖获得者——Carolyn Bertozzi的故事。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 21 推理判断题 根据“Bertozzi, born in 1966, shares the 2022 Nobel Prize in chemistry with two other scientists.”可知她出生于1966年，2022年获得诺贝尔奖，2022-1966=56 B 22 细节理解题 根据“According to the University of California, this is of great importance as it can be widely used in medical science.”可知根据加州大学的说法，这是非常重要的，因为它可以广泛应用于医学科学 C 23 细节理解题 根据“What would life be like if you were a rocker, a soccer player, a professor who teaches at Stanford University, and a Nobel Prize winner? Carolyn Bertozzi from the US lives such a cool life!”及全文内容可知除了做研究，Bertozzi的生活丰富多彩。 D 24 细节理解题 根据“There were maybe just one or two women in a lab, so I tried to support each other by starting a monthly sharing meeting for all the women students in the department.”可知她试图通过每月为系里所有女学生开一次分享会来互相支持 D (7) Have you ever heard Auld Lang Syne? “Auld Lang Syne” means, in English, “old days gone by”. People in Britain usually sing this song at parties and most famously on New Year’s Eve. Auld Lang Syne was actually a poem written by Robert Burns in Scottish in 1788. Robert Burns was born in Scotland in 1759 to a poor family on the farm. His family often had nothing to eat. He had little education and taught himself through self-study. Even from an early age, Burns began to show his writing talent. His first collection of poems came out when he was 27, which earned him four hundred dollars, a large sum of money at that time. When the French Revolution (革命), he supported the revolution and in 1792 he sent four small guns to Paris. He further expressed his support by writing a number of poems. In these poems Burns called on people to fight for a happy life in the future. During the last 9 years of his life, Burns did a great deal of work in collecting and editing traditional Scottish songs. He refused to accept any pay, although he was in bad need of money. He continued the work until he died on 21 July, 1796. He wrote poems in the tradition of Scottish folk songs. Many Burns’ works are of love and friendship. Much of the effect for Burns’ works of art was gathered from his surroundings—the places he travelled to, the culture and the people he loved at that time. His poems speak straight from the heart of a farmer to express the common feelings of millions of working people in simplest words. One of his world-famous works is A Red, Red (1794). He is still remembered as Scotland’s national poet, more than 250 years after his death. A national Burns Night is held in Scotland and in other places throughout the world every year on his birthday, 25 January. 25. What is Auld Lang Syne? A. An old saying in English. B. A poem written in Scottish. C. An expression to explain time. D. A song created on New Year’s Eve. 26. In what order did Robert Burns do the following? 　 　 a. Wrote Auld Lang Syne. b. Published his first collection of poems. c. Sent small guns to support the French Revolution. d. Began to collect and edit traditional Scottish songs. A. b-d-a-c B. a-c-b-d C. b-c-d-a D. a-b-c-d 27. What made Robert Burns a national poet? A. The love he showed for poem writing. B. The culture he created for the New Year. C. The achievement he made in Scottish literature. D. The spirit he developed in the French Revolution. 28. In which book may people find this passage? A. Collection of English Poems. B. Great Works and Their Writers. C. How to Celebrate the New Year. D. The Most Famous Songs in History. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了《友谊地久天长》以及它的作者。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 25 细节理解题 根据“Auld Lang Syne was actually a poem written by Robert Burns in Scottish in 1788.”可知，这是一首用苏格兰语写的诗。 B 26 细节理解 根据“Robert Burns was born in Scotland in 1759”及“His first collection of poems came out when he was 27”可知，Robert Burns在1786年27岁时出版了他的第一本诗集，对应b；根据“During the last 9 years of his life, Burns did a great deal of work in collecting and editing traditional Scottish songs.”及“He continued the work until he died on 21 July, 1796.”可知，他在1787年开始收集和编辑苏格兰传统歌曲，对应d；根据“Auld Lang Syne was actually a poem written by Robert Burns in Scottish in 1788.”可知，Robert Burns在1788年写了这首诗，对应a；根据“When the French Revolution (革命), he supported the revolution and in 1792 he sent four small guns to Paris.”可知，1792年他向巴黎发送了四门小炮支持革命，对应c。所以正确顺序为b-d-a-c。 A 27 推理判断题题 根据“When the French Revolution (革命), he supported the revolution and in 1792 he sent four small guns to Paris. He further expressed his support by writing a number of poems. In these poems Burns called on people to fight for a happy life in the future.”可知，他支持革命，还写了一些诗来表达他的支持，他在法国大革命中发扬的精神使他成为民族诗人。 D 28 推理判断题 根据“Have you ever heard Auld Lang Syne?”可知，《友谊地久天长》这首歌实际上是Robert Burns于1788年用苏格兰语创作的一首诗，文章主要介绍了《友谊地久天长》以及它的作者。 B (8) Martin Strel is a long-distance swimmer, best known for swimming the world’s big rivers. He was born in Slovenia in 1954. He taught himself to swim when he was six and became a professional (职业的) swimmer in 1978. Martin holds Guinness World Records for swimming the Danube River, the Mississippi River, the Yanetze River and the Amazon River. Of all his achievements, the greatest is his Amazon River swim. The Amazon is known as the largest and most dangerous river in the world. Several swimmers had tried to swim it, but all failed, Martin decided to risk his life and make history. He wanted to show the world that people could achieve their dreams and goals with hard work and perseverance (毅力). On April 7th, 2007, Martin Strel completed his Amazon River all the way from Atalaya (Peru) to the Atlantic Ocean at Belem (Brazil). He struggled (奋战) with the river for 66 days and swam 3,274 miles in total. He became a worldwide hero. Many people still cannot believe what he has done so far, so that is why they sometimes describe him as “Fishman”, “Human Fish” or even “the Craziest Man in the World”. In 2009, American filmmakers produced a documentary (纪录片) called Big River Man. And the book, The Man Who Swan the Amazon, has been sold in many countries. It tells us an inspirational story of perseverance and hard work, which has encouraged many people. Martin doesn’t swim for money. Instead, he swims to teach people about the importance of keeping water clean. Martin has always been looking for the challenges of the impossible. At present, he is training for a new challenge—swimming for The Grand Canyon. 29. How old was Martin Strel when he succeeded in swimming the Amazon River? A. 24. B. 53. C. 55. D. 69. 30. What does the underlined word “inspirational (in Para 5)” probably mean ? A. frightening B. terrible C. encouraging D. lively 31. What’s the purpose of Martin swimming the big rivers? A. To make a lot of money for a good living. B. To teach people the importance keeping water clean. C. To produce exciting documentaries and best-selling books. D. To teach people how to swim the big rivers. 32. What can be the best title of this passage? A. Swim for Fun B. Face the Failure C. Swim for Money D. Challenge the Impossible 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了游泳运动员Martin Strel的故事。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 29 细节理解题 根据“He was born in Slovenia in 1954”以及“On April 7th, 2007, Martin Strel completed his Amazon River all the way from Atalaya (Peru) to the Atlantic Ocean at Belem”可知，他出生于1954年，他在2007年在亚马逊河游泳成功，当时他53岁。 B 30 词义猜测题 根据“It tells us an inspirational story of perseverance and hard work, which has encouraged many people.”可知，这个有关毅力和努力的故事鼓励了很多年轻人，因此判断这个故事是鼓舞人心的，因此猜测划线单词的含义为“鼓舞人心的”。 C 31 细节题理解题 根据“Martin doesn’t swim for money. Instead, he swims to teach people about the importance of keeping water clean.”可知，Martin游泳不是为了钱。相反，他游泳是为了告诉人们保持水清洁的重要性 B 32 最佳标题 根据“Martin has always been looking for the challenges of the impossible”可知，本文主要讲述Martin Strel参与各种游泳挑战的故事，因此判断本文最好的标题为“挑战不可能”。 D （9） Shirley Jane Temple was the leading child actor of her time, receiving a special Oscar and acting the leading role in films like Bright Eyes and Heidi. Shirley Jane Temple was born on April 23, 1928, in Santa Monica, California. When Temple was just 3 years old, she began her first low-budget movie Baby Burlesques. Temple’s mother was aware of her girl’s talents by enrolling her in dance classes at the age of 3, so her father became her agent and financial adviser. When the cute actress was 6 years old, she appeared in her first Hollywood film, Carolina. With Fox Film Corporation, Temple made an additional 8 films. The little actress, singer and dancer with the dancing golden curls became a top earner for the studio. In 1934, she became a world-famous star in Bright Eyes, which was designed especially for her talents. The young performer showed many wonderful pictures during 1934. She received a special Children Academy Award in February 1935 for her outstanding contribution. President Franklin D. Roosevelt called Temple “Little Miss Miracle” for raising the public’s confidence during tunes of economic hardship. He even said, “As long as our country has Shirley Temple, we will be all right.” By 1940, Temple had acted in 43 films under her early acting career. After Temple grew up, she made guest appearances on television shows in the early l960s and filmed a comedy that was never released. Temple acted in 46 films in her whole life. In 1969, her lift got a great change—she began her diplomatic career and worked successfully till her late life. During her political career, Temple visited China in April, 1977. In 1988, she published her autobiography, Child Star. From this book we can learn about her experiences, achievements and so on. Shirley Temple died of natural causes on February 10, 2014, at her home near San Francisco California. She was 85 years old. Following her death, Temple’s family and friends published a statement that read, “We pay her respects for a life of remarkable achievements as an actor, as a diplomat, and most importantly as our beloved mother, grandmother, geat-grandmother, and adored wife of 55 years.” 33. How many films had Temple completed by the age of 12? A. 8 B. 43 C. 46 D. 85 34. According to the passage, in what order did these events take place in Temple’s life? a. Temple died of natural causes. b. Temple became a diplomat for her country. c. Temple visited China during her political career. d. Temple published her autobiography, Child Star. e. Temple became well-known for her successful acting. f. Temple made her first acting in a series of low-budget movies. A. e, f, c, d, b, a B. e, f, d, b, c, a C. f, e, b, c, d, a D. f, e, b, d, c, a 35. Why did the President call Temple “Little Miss Miracle”? A. Because Temple was an adorable child star. B. Because Temple gave hopes to people in difficult times. C. Because Temple had great achievements in her acting life. D. Because Temple was a very successful diplomat for the country. 36 What does the underlined word “autobiography” in paragraph 5 mean? A. A book about her life. B. A book about her films. C. A book about her contribution. D. A book about her diplomatic career. 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了一位有名的演员秀兰·邓波儿，介绍了她的生平经历。她的妈妈在三岁时就发现邓波儿的演艺天赋，并开始培养她。邓波儿一生拍下数十部电影并大获好评，并曾担任外交官受到了弗兰克林总统的高度称赞。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 33 细节理解题 根据第四段最后一句话“By 1940, Temple had 43 films under her early acting career.”到1940年，邓波儿在她的早期事业生涯中已经拍摄了43部电影；又根据“Shirley Jane Temple was born on April 23, 1928, in Santa Monica, California.”可知邓波儿1928年出生，到1940年正好12岁。 B 34 细节理解题 这篇短文首先在第二段介绍邓波儿在低片酬电影中的表演；在第三顿介绍六岁时为众人所熟知；第四段介绍她成为国家的外交官；第五段介绍她访问中国，发表了自己的自传；第六段介绍邓波儿在2014年2月10日逝世。即正确顺序为f, e, b, c, d, a C 35 细节理解题 根据第四段“President Franklin D. Roosevelt called Temple ‘Little Miss Miracle’ for raising the public’s confidence during times of economic hardship.”可知富兰克林总统称她为“奇迹小姐”，因为她在经济危机期间提升了公众的信心。 B 36 词句猜测题 根据“In 1988, she published her autobiography, Child Star. From this book we can learn about her experiences, achievements and so on.”可知这是一本关于她的经历、成就等等的书，可推知应该是她的自传 A （10） One day, a typist named Miss Leeson came to an apartment building looking for a room to rent. She didn’t have much money, so she was shown the cheapest room in the building, which was all the way at the top floor. The room was tiny and dark, except for a skylight in the ceiling. It wasn’t luxury, but she was thankful to find something that she could afford on her modest income. The young typist, taking a positive attitude, accepted her new home. “I’ll take it!” she said, sitting down on the small bed. Miss Leeson was very charming, and the other tenants (房客) grew quite fond of her, Every night after work, all of the tenants would gather together and sit on the stoop to chat. One such night, Miss Leeson pointed out a star as she looked up to the night sky. She said that every night, when she went to bed and looked through her skylight, she could see it. She called the star Billy Jackson. “You ought to see it from my room,” said Miss Leeson. “At night, my room is like a deep, dark coal mine, and it makes Billy Jackson look like the big diamond pin that Night fastens her kimono with.” Times soon became hard for Miss Leeson, as she was able to find less and less work. She went from office to office every day, and more often than not, she was told that there was no need for a typist. She began to struggle to afford food and rent. One night when she came home, she was exhausted and weak—she hadn’t eaten in quite some time. She lay upon her little bed and, looking up, lifted two fingers to her lips to blow a kiss to her Billy Jackson. “Goodbye, Billy,” she whispered weakly. She thanked the star for always being there to comfort her in the darkness. Then, she closed her eyes. The next morning, when the tenants found what had happened, they called for an ambulance. Luckily, after some immediate treatment, the ambulance physician—Dr. William Jackson—said that she would recover. Billy Jackson, it seemed, truly was her lucky star. 37. What is special about Miss Leeson’s room? A. It is the only one with a window. B. It is the largest room in the house. C. It offers an amazing view of a star. D. It has an especially comfortable bed. 38. Which of the following is true? A. Miss Leeson survived. B. The physician was Billy Jackson. C. There was a fire in Miss Leeson’s room. D. Billy Jackson lived in the apartment building. 39. What is the best title of the passage? A. The Pitiable Typist B. The Skylight Room C. The Warm-hearted Tenants D. The Life-saving ambulance 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了打字员Leeson小姐的生活及工作经历。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 37 推理判断题 根据“The room was tiny and dark, except for a skylight in the ceiling…She said that every night, when she went to bed and looked through her skylight, she could see it. She called the star Billy Jackson…At night, my room is like a deep, dark coal mine, and it makes Billy Jackson look like the big diamond pin that Night fastens her kimono with.”可知，Leeson小姐租的房间又小又黑，只有一个天窗，每当夜晚，她的房间黑得就像煤矿一样，而她可以透过天窗看到一颗像钻石一样的星星。选项C“它提供了看一颗星星的惊人视野。”就是Leeson小姐房间的特别之处。 C 38 推理判断题 根据“Luckily, after some immediate treatment, the ambulance physician—Dr. William Jackson—said that she would recover.”可知，医生说Leeson小姐会恢复，所以可推知Leeson小姐活下来了。 A 39 最佳标题题 本文介绍了生活拮据的打字员Leeson小姐住在又小又黑的出租屋里，后来能找到的工作越来越少，最终饿晕在屋里，幸亏其他租客发现及时送往医院，最后Leeson小姐活下来了。因此选项A“可怜的打字员”最符合文章内容。 A （11） Mao Yisheng was born in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province. In his childhood, Mao had great interest in reading. He once received private education at the early age. In 1916, he was admitted to study in the United States with excellent scores. Mao continued his education in the United States, receiving his Master’s degree of civil engineering from Cormell University in 1917 and then went on to earn the Doctor’s degree in Pittsburgh in 1921. Mao came to Pittsburgh, a city of bridges, to gain practical experience in bridge construction (建设). After completing his degree, he returned to China and decided to devote himself to science and education. Mao used to work as the director of Engineering Course of Southeast University and president of Engineering Course College of Beiyang University. During the period of teaching engineering in the university, Professor Mao Yisheng had realized the problem that the educational theory was separated from the reality, so he helped to change Chinese engineering education by introducing new subject matter and problem solving techniques into university. He greatly influenced Chinese engineering education with brand-new ways. His education idea came from the motto: “To learn and to practice.” Mao was regarded as the founder of modern bridge engineering. His long and productive career included designing two of the most famous modern bridges in China, Qiantang River Bridge and the Yangtze River Bridge. The project of Qiantang River Bridge began on August 8, 1934 and it was opened to traffic on September 26, 1937. However, only a few months after it was opened, Mao had to destroy it for the reason of the nation’s safety. With a deep love for the country, Mao did it with his own hands to stop the advance of Japanese armies during the Battle of Shanghai in 1937. On the night of bombing the bridge, Mao was extremely sad, with tears in his eyes. “We Chinese will win the Anti-Japanese War, and we will rebuild the bridge.” After World War II, Mao was responsible for the construction of Qiantang River Bridge and it was reopened to traffic in 1953. In 1989, Mao Yisheng died of illness. His great contributions made him truly one of the most outstanding engineering minds of the 20th century. 40. What is the passage mainly about? A. How Mao Yisheng loved China and bridge construction. B. The importance of the Qiantang River Bridge. C. The general details of Mao Yisheng’s life story. D. Mao Yisheng’s educational experience in America. 41. What is TRUE about the Qiantang River Bridge? A. It has never been rebuilt since 1937. B. Mao was sad because of its poor quality. C. It was destroyed by Japanese in the war. D. Mao himself decided to destroy it. 42. What is the correct order for the following events from Mao’s life? a. He came back to China. b. He designed Qiantang River Bridge. c. He earned the Doctor’s degree in Pittsburgh. d. He began teaching engineering in the university. e. He received his master’s degree in Cornell. A. c, e, a, d, b B. c, e, d, a, b C. e, c, d, a, b D. e, c, a, d, b 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了工程师茅以升的生平故事。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 40 主旨大意题 根据第一段“Mao Yisheng was born in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province.”以及最后一段“In 1989, Mao Yisheng died of illness.”可知，本文主要讲了茅以升的一生。 C 41 细节理解题 根据第四段“However, only a few months after it was opened, Mao had to destroy it for the reason of the nation’s safety.”可知，为了国家安全，茅以升不得不亲手摧毁钱塘江大桥。 D 42 细节理解题 根据整篇文章可知，茅以升1917年获得硕士学位；1921年获得博士学位；完成学位后，回到中国；后来在大学教学；1934年，设计了钱塘江大桥。因此，正确排序为e-c-a-d-b。 D （12） There are some great scientists whose research has changed the whole world. Here are some of them. Albert Einstein was born in Germany, on March 14, 1879. He grew up in Germany, Italy and Switzerland. Einstein taught himself Geometry (几何) when he was 12 years old. He graduated from college in 1900. From 1902 to 1907, Einstein worked as a clerk in the office in Switzerland. His job left him plenty of time to think. Isaac Newton was born in England, on December 25, 1642. He was not a good student. His mother took him out of school so that he could help her with the family farm. Newton did not like farming. He liked to read and study on his own. A teacher knew that Newton was very smart and helped him go to the University of Cambridge. Marie Curie was born in Poland in 1867. Though Marie was very good in school, no university in Poland at that time accepted female students. In 1891, Marie travelled to Paris, France. She attended the Sorbonne, a famous college in Paris. Marie studied Physics and Maths and graduated at the top of her class! She also met a French chemist named Pierre Curie. They married in 1895. Galileo Galilei was born in Italy, on February 15, 1564. After attending the university, he taught Maths. He also observed how things move. There is a story that he dropped two objects of different weights at the same time from the Leaning Tower of Pisa. He found that light and heavy objects fell to the ground at the same time. And he denied the ancient Greek Aristotle’s viewpoint that heavier objects fell faster. 43. What did Newton’s mother take him out of school for? A. Helping do some farm work. B. Reading and studying. C. Coming up with his greatest ideas. D. Keeping healthy. 44. How old was Marie when she travelled to Paris? A. 24. B. 26. C. 27. D. 28. 45. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Einstein learned Geometry by himself when he was 12. B. A teacher helped Newton go to university. C. Marie married Pierre when she was around 38. D. Galileo once did an experiment on the Leaning Tower of Pisa. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了几位伟大的科学家。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 43 细节理解题 根据“His mother took him out of school so that he could help her with the family farm”可知，他母亲把他从学校接出来，这样他就可以帮她打理家里的农场。 A 44 细节理解题 根据“Marie Curie was born in Poland in 1867”和“In 1891, Marie travelled to Paris, France.”可知，玛丽·居里1867年出生于波兰，1891年，玛丽前往法国巴黎。当时应该是24岁 A 45 细节理解题 根据“Marie Curie was born in Poland in 1867...They married in 1895.”可知，玛丽·居里1867年出生，1895和皮埃尔结婚，结婚时是28岁，不是38岁 C （13） ① Teachers are often considered to be engineers of the human soul. They are expected to spread knowledge, ideas and truth. There’s one person in China who is called the “teacher of teachers”. He is Tao Xingzhi, a Chinese educator. ② Born in Anhui province, China, in 1891, Tao studied abroad for educational philosophy. When Tao returned to China in 1917 and began his own career as an educator, he did not blindly follow western education methods or theories. In fact, he changed the saying of “Education is life itself” to “Life is education”. Similarly, instead of “school as society (社会)”, he saw it as “society as school”. ③ For Tao, education is an active experience in real-life instead of telling and being told. He supported “unity of teaching, learning, and reflective (反思的) acting”. ④ Besides developing education methods, Tao also tried his best to improve mass education. After doing surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921, Tao was surprised to learn that in China more than 70% of the people in the city didn’t know how to read or write. ⑤ To solve the problem, Tao organized young workers and farmers to study while working. To deal with the shortage of teachers and money, in 1927, Tao set up Xiaozhuang Normal College in Nanjing to train teachers and educators, most of whom became teachers at schools in the countryside. ⑥ In January 1934, he started the “Little Teacher” movement in which young students were encouraged to serve as teachers to others, even to those older than themselves. Under Tao’s guidance, over 18,000 “little teachers” were invited in Shanghai within 10 months. It later included 28 provinces and cities as a key nationwide education movement. Even in the fight against the Japanese army, Tao never forgot his dream. He founded a middle school in Chongqing and offered free education to poor children. ⑦ Maybe Tao’s motto is the best explanation for his life. “Giving a whole heart, yet taking nothing in return, not even a leaf of grass.” 46. What is the correct order of Tao Xingzhi’s life experiences? a. He did surveys in different places in China. b. He went to the US to study educational philosophy. c. He began to build colleges to train teachers and educators. d. He called on young students to be teachers to others in need. e. He returned to China and started his own career as an educator. A. a-c-b-d-e B. a-d-c-e-b C. b-e-a-c-d D. b-c-e-a-d 47. The underlined phrase “mass education” in Paragraph 4 may mean education for ________? A. young children B. ordinary people C. kids with great talent D. poor workers 48. According to the passage, which of the following ideas may Tao Xingzhi agree with? A. School is the best place to learn knowledge and values. B. Students should learn from the world outside their schools. C. Education is telling and being told between teachers and students. D. It is the most important to teach students practical skills in school. 49 The structure of the passage may be________? A. B. C. D. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了教育家陶行知。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 46 细节理解题 根据“Born in Anhui province, China, in 1891, Tao studied abroad for educational philosophy.”可知，陶行知曾留学国外学习教育哲学；根据“When Tao returned to China in 1917 and began his own career as an educator”可知，他回到中国，开始了自己的教育事业；根据“After doing surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921…”可知，他在中国不同的地方做了调查；根据“To deal with the shortage...train teachers and educators…”可知，他建立大学来培养教师和教育工作者；根据“he started the ‘Little Teacher’ movement...even to those older than themselves.”可知，他号召年轻学生成为有需要的人的老师，因此正确的顺序是b-e-a-c-d。 C 47 词义猜测题 根据“Tao was surprised to learn that in China more than 70% of the people in the city didn’t know how to read or write.”可知，他发现在中国超过70%的城市居民不知道如何读书写字，因此“mass education”主要是为了普通人的。 B 48 推理判断题 根据“In fact, he changed the saying of ‘Education is life itself’ to ‘Life is education’. Similarly, instead of ‘school as society’, he saw it as ‘society as school’”可知，他把“教育即生活本身”的说法改为“生活即教育”。同样，他看到的不是“学校即社会”，而是“社会即学校”。因此可推知他同意学生应该向学校以外的世界学习。 B 49 篇章结构题 文章第①段引出教育家陶行知，总领全文；第②③段介绍其对教育方法的探索；第④⑤⑥段可知讲陶行知致力于大众教育；最后一段则总结全文，收尾。 A （14） When Wang Haiyan was young, her favorite toys weren’t Barbie dolls. Instead, she started learning to make shadow puppets (皮影) from her father at the age of 13. Now 43, Wang has spent 30 years practising and spreading the art. Shadow puppetry is a form of theater that uses puppets made from leather or paper with music and singing. It was invented during the Western Han Dynasty, it tells us about folk tales and historical stories, passing down culture and traditions over thousands of years. Shadow puppetry is all about creating the puppets and performing with them. Wang’s hometown of Hua County, Shaanxi, is known as the birthplace of the folk art. Puppet-makers must follow 24 steps to make the puppets, including washing the leather, carving (雕刻), and painting. Carving is the most difficult part. “We have a special carving skill — moving the leather under the knife.” Wang said. “You have to hold the knife still in your right hand and only move the leather in your left hand.” It took Wang three years to master this skill. She used a brick (砖) to strengthen her left hand while practising. “It takes about 3,000 carves to make a shadow puppet. The complicated (复杂的) steps make it hard to hand down the folk art.” she said. But Wang has found a way to do so. In 2016, she made shadow puppets based on the cartoon series Huyao Xiaohongniang and gave an online performance. She used colors like blue and purple that aren’t often seen in shadow puppetry and added some sticks to the puppets to make the performance more lively. “I hope more and more young people enjoy shadow puppetry and pass it down.” She said. 50. What’s the main idea of the second paragraph? A. What shadow puppetry is. B. How shadow puppetry is performed. C. When shadow puppetry became popular. D. Why Wang is interested in shadow puppetry. 51 Which is the hardest step in making a puppet according to the passage? A. Washing the leather. B. Carving the leather. C Painting the leather. D. Folding the leather. 52. According to Wang, why is it difficult to spread shadow puppetry? A. It’s difficult to learn to make puppets. B. This art is only known in Hua County. C. It requires great strength to perform the art. D. The history of shadow puppetry is too old. 53. What can we learn from the passage? A. Wang spent 30 years learning to cane puppets. B. Wang enjoys getting young people interested in this art. C. Wang has set up a company to make and sell shadow puppets. D. Wang is working on a cartoon about shadow puppets. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲了王海燕学习皮影戏并且弘扬这种艺术形式的故事。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 50 主旨大意题 根据“Shadow puppetry is a form of theater that uses puppets made from leather or paper with music and singing.”可知，皮影戏是一种用皮革或纸制作的木偶，伴随着音乐和歌唱的戏剧形式。因此本段主要解释了什么是皮影戏。 A 51 细节理解题 根据“Carving is the most difficult part.”可知雕刻是最困难的部分。 B 52 细节理解题 根据“It takes about 3,000 carves to make a shadow puppet.The complicated (复杂的) steps make it hard to hand down the folk art.”可知制作一个皮影木偶需要大约3000个雕刻。复杂的步骤使得民间艺术很难传承下去。由此可说明传承皮影戏困难的原因是学着做皮影很难。 A 53 主旨大意题 根据“Wang has spent 30 years practising and spreading the art.”和“I hope more and more young people enjoy shadow puppetry and pass it down.”可知王花了30年的时间练习和传播这门艺术。她希望越来越多的年轻人喜欢皮影戏，并把它传承下去。由此可以推断出王想要让年轻人对这门艺术感兴趣。 B （15） His friends and family call him “Big Feng” because he is very tall and played basketball as a young man. But he is also big in a different way—he fights hard to protect China’s past. His real name is Feng Jicai and he has written many novels about life in China. Several years ago, however, he put down his pen for a while and began to protect the cultural relics（文化遗产）in Tianjin where he lived. Once someone asked him why he no longer wrote. He replied that at the moment he felt protecting cultural relics was more important. Feng loves his hometown. He believes that old things must be given a place next to new things, or people will soon forget their great past. He does not make speeches to get others to help him in his projects. Instead, he goes out and does what he can himself. If others follow him, so much the better. One of his biggest projects was to protect the oldest street in Tianjin. Along that street some shops had been in business for seven hundred years. Although the city government rebuilt this street, they did save its oldest building. Another project was more successful: he suggested the city government reserve（保留）some land in the centre of the city so it could not be sold for business. This area is very important for the history of Tianjin. It was here that the city was first built during the Song Dynasty Later many treasures were found here. To Feng, digging down into the earth is like reading a book page after page. Each dynasty found in the earth is like an interesting story. Not long ago, he and other writers and artists took photos of the old parts of Tianjin. The photos were put into a book which was very popular. The money from the book helps his projects. Once, an old man asked Feng to sign a book for him, saying he would give it to his grandson who was not yet born. Feng was glad to do it he knows that the past is not only for us to enjoy but also for the children of the future. 44. What did Big Feng do to protect old things in Tianjin? A. He had written many novels about them. B. He made speeches to ask others to help him. C. He worked hard and did what he can himself D. He rebuilt the oldest street in his hometown. 45. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? A. Digging down into the earth is as comfortable as reading a book. B. Learning more about cultural relics helps us know more about the history. C. By digging down into the earth, we can dig out some interesting books. D. Big Feng is interested in digging down into the earth and reading books. 46. Which of the following will Big Feng agree to? A. Old things should give way to the new things. B. The government should reserve more land in the city centre. C. Protecting cultural relics was as important as writing. D. Children of the future should get to know the past. 47. What is the best title for the text? A. Big Feng and His Novels B. A Great Chinese Novelist C. Cultural Relics in Tianjin D. Big Feng and His Rescue 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了作家冯骥才如何参与保护天津的文化遗产的事迹。 序号 题型 答题依据 答案 1 细节理解题 根据“Instead, he goes out and does what he can himself.”可知，他走出去，做他力所能及的事情去保护天津的古物。 C 2 词句猜测题 根据“Each dynasty found in the earth is like an interesting story.”可知，地底下发现的每一个朝代，就像一个有趣的故事。说明往地下挖，就像在一页一页地翻看着一本书，说明了解文化遗产可以帮助我们更了解历史。 B 3 推理判断题 根据“Feng was glad to do it he knows that the past is not only for us to enjoy but also for the children of the future.”可知，冯骥才认为，过去不只是给我们的，同样也是给未来的孩子们的。由此可知，他认为，未来的孩子应该了解过去的故事。 D 4 最佳标题题 这篇文章主要讲述了作家冯骥才如何参与保护天津的文化遗产的事迹。因此选项D“大冯和他的拯救”作为标题最为合适。 D 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$