精品解析：天津市第一中学滨海学校2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题

天津市第一中学滨海学校2024-2025-1 学期 高三年级 英语学科二月考检测试卷 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷、第Ⅱ卷和第Ⅲ卷三部分，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、姓名、准考证号填写在答题纸上。答卷时，考生务必将Ⅰ Ⅱ卷答案涂在答题纸指定位置; Ⅲ卷答案也写在答题纸上，答在试卷上的无效。 第Ⅰ卷 选择题(95分) 注意事项：每题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 一. 单项选择。共15小题，每题1分，共15分。 1. —It’s too slow, I think. — _______ . So we’d better make it faster for customers to receive their goods. A. That’s ridiculous B. That’s the point C. That’s settled D. That’s all right 2. Our goal is to maximize our ________ for personal growth. A. potential B. bonus C. obstacle D. shadow 3. —I believe that Cathy will pass the oral English test this time. —Absolutely. She ________ for the test in the last three weeks. A. prepared B. will prepare C. has prepared D. has been preparing 4. In Tianjin,________ the economy is one of the fastest-growing in China, more and more people choose to travel abroad. A. where B. when C. how D. why 5. The journey has been flying by, and ________ I know it, we have reached Tangula Station. A. before B. after C. when D. since 6. On my first day at senior high, I woke up early and rushed out of the door ________ to get to know my new school. A. in eagerness B. in question C. in pain D. in panic 7. The prize winner described to the class ________ he had managed to achieve excellence in his study. A. what B. how C. which D. whether 8. The box containing the ancient coins was buried (埋) deep in the earth, it for more than 2000 years. A. making; untouched B. makes; not touching C. to make; untouched D. made; not touching 9. — It is lucky that we got through the most difficult times with their help. — _______. Those days are gone. A. You said it B. You deserve it C. That’s terrible D. Take your time 10. Kate heard a man’s voice in the background, but she couldn’t ________ what he was saying. A. set aside B. take back C. make out D. keep off 11 It is reported that a new wildlife conservation area has been established in ________ was once known for deforestation to protect endangered species. A. what B. which C. how D. where 12. The new supermarket announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day ______ get a big prize. A. shall B. may C. need D. must 13. , and the new ideas and information will broaden your eyes and enrich your knowledge. A. Keep an open mind B. Go all out C. Keep calm and stay positive D. Hold your head up 14. Better than half a billion dollars ______ that fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat over the past eighty years. A. have gone into B. had gone into C. have been gone into D. has gone into 15. Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and ______ every page of my draft. A. multiplied B. restricted C. polished D. enlarged 二. 完形填空。共20小题, 每小题1.5分, 共30分。 I learnt an important ___16___ from one of my patients. When I first met Linda, she was only six years old, lovely and energetic. ___17___, an accident happened when she fell into the fire on a camping trip, leaving 30% of her skin surface ___18___. Linda was ___19___ to the hospital and needed three additional surgeries. Between each ___20___, nurses daily took her for disinfection (消毒). Overnight, the dressings (敷料) would ___21___ to the wound and have to be pulled away. Each step was more painful for Linda than the ___22___ one. For an adult, the disturbing ___23___ and daily fear prove overwhelming. For a child, it has a(n) ___24___ forever. Linda’s life would never be the same. I took care of Linda for the next several years, ___25___ her scars and freeing areas of tightness in her face and neck. Over that time, her scars faded and her appearance improved ___26___. Eventually, her family moved away and I ___27___ her. Years later, at a national meeting, I ___28___ a plastic surgeon I knew and he told me he had met a former patient of mine. It was Linda. She was doing extremely well and she was his ___29___ instead of his patient. Linda had become a nurse and worked with him in a burn ___30___. She was the nurse the patients most often asked to clean their wounds and change their dressings. Her compassion and her courage in returning to a burn unit ___31___ their confidence and reduced their fears. Linda turned her pain into ___32___. She devoted every day of her life towards helping others ___33___ their pain. Physicians can be ___34___ when we don’t have enough time in a day to complete everything we need to do. Linda taught me the importance of slowing down. Among the best ___35___ we, as physicians, can give our patients, whether in the exam room or at the bedside in the hospital, is to take the time to show the compassion we feel. 16. A. chance B. incident C. lesson D. memory 17. A. Besides B. Otherwise C. However D. Therefore 18. A. abandoned B. damaged C. restored D. exchanged 19. A. evaluated B. surrounded C. admitted D. required 20. A. opportunity B. process C. performance D. operation 21. A. stick B. adapt C. appeal D. object 22. A. frequent B. occasional C. previous D. gradual 23. A. relief B. boredom C. pain D. embarrassment 24. A. reaction B. impact C. impression D. judgment 25. A. recovering B. treating C. fastening D. moving 26. A. significantly B. necessarily C. relevantly D. temporarily 27. A. kept pace of B. lost track of C. gave rise to D. took notice of 28. A. took in B. got over C. called out D. ran into 29. A. applicant B. consultant C. sponsor D. colleague 30. A. unit B. room C. model D. role 31. A. blessed B. increased C. proved D. defeated 32. A. sorrow B. amusement C. sympathy D. regret 33. A. overcome B. suffer C. obtain D. extend 34. A. hesitant B. frustrated C. thrilled D. content 35. A. images B. instructions C. gifts D. words 三. 阅读理解。共20小题, 每小题2.5分, 共50分。 A Exciting Sites for Your Children in Orlando ★Universal Orlando Resort Location: 1000 Universal Studios Plz Contact: 14073638000 Open Hours: Monday to Friday from 9 AM to 6 PM, Saturday from 9 AM to 7 PM, Sunday from 9 AM to 6 PM The world’s favorite films and film stars come to life here and 40 amazing and amusing rides, shows and attractions are presented. A virtual 3-D adventure has its own set of thrills, as does an experience of meeting with Jaws, a trip Back to the Future, and a voyage beyond the stars in an E.T Adventure. ★Sea World Orlando Location: 7007 Sea World Dr Contact: 14073513600 Open Hours: Monday to Sunday from 9 AM to 5 PM One of the first theme parks to open in Orlando, Sea World has been operating here for more than 30 years. Many new attractions and rides have been added to the original fun including a laser-fireworks-water show and high-tech thrill rides. The park also hosts a number of family-friendly events. See website for latest information. ★Wet’n wild Location: 6200 International Dr Contact: 14073511800 Open Hours: Varies by season Amusement Business Magazine calls this Wet’n Wild the nation’s best-attended water park. Adults love thrill rides here such as Brain Wash and The Storm which are definitely for the brave. Children enjoy milder thrills at the Kids Park section like ‘Bubble up’. The whole family can kick back on the Take it Easy offerings, including the mile-long Lazy River. Pools are heated in the winter. Open every day 9 AM to 4 PM. ★Gatorland Location: 14501 S Orange Blossom Trl Contact: 14058555496 Open Hours: Monday to Sunday from 9 AM to 5 PM Take a trip to this 70-acre park and see thousands of alligators, and crocodiles, up close. Visit feeding pens, nurseries and ponds. Children love the site’s mini water park especially because it offers lovely petting zoo goats, lambs, and other barnyard (牲畜棚) animals. 36. If David prefers to stay longer in the afternoon, ______ is the best choice. A. Gatorland B. Universal Orlando Resort C. Sea World Orlando D. Wet’n Wild 37. Of the four attractions, warm pools are available at ______ in winter. A. 6200 International Dr B. 14501 S Orange Blossom Trl C. 7007 Sea World Dr D. 1000 Universal Studios Plz 38. Gatorland offers a different trip from the other three sites with ______. A. thrill rides B. a water park C. a long history D. zoo animals 39. For a family trip, you can contact ______. A. 14058555496 or 14073513600 B. 14073638000 or 14058555496 C. 14073513600 or 14073511800 D. 14073511800 or 14058555496 40. The advertisement is mostly intended for ______. A. college students B. small children C. adults D. parents B Janelle was running late for work, so she just had time for a quick look at herself in the mirror as she was going out. What she saw there made her stop dead in her tracks. Being a busy college student just one year removed from her teenage years, she wasn’t exactly obsessive-compulsive (有强迫观念和行为的) about the neatness of her clothes. But her boss at the restaurant where she works saw things a little differently. He had recently lectured the entire staff on the importance of appearance, and had specifically mentioned the need for servers to wear clean, unwrinkled blouses. As an assistant manager, Janelle felt it was important to set an example for the other employees. But if she stopped to iron the blouse normally, she would be late and arriving at the right time was an area of even greater concern to her boss. So she grabbed her iron and plugged it in and set it for low heat. Carefully holding her blouse away from her body, she continued to iron it while she was wearing it. It seemed like a logical answer to an urgent problem. And it seemed to be working until Janelle tried to iron the collar and accidentally ironed her neck by mistake. Then it suddenly seemed like a really stupid idea and a really painful one as well. It took more time to treat her burn than it would have taken to iron her shirt properly. And she spent a miserable shift dealing with the pain of the burn. We’ve all been there, haven’t we? For me it was cutting my own hair. For a former roommate it was trying to pull his own wisdom teeth. For another college acquaintance, it was trying to change the oil in his car while the motor was still running. “There’s a right way and a wrong way of doing things,” Dad used to tell me whenever I’d spoil the look of our yard by trying out a faster, easier and more creative way of pulling weeds or edging the lawn.” If a thing is worth doing,” he said, “it’s worth doing it right.” There’s a reason why certain things are done in certain ways. Those old, boring, predictable ways work. 41. Janelle found in the mirror that ________. A. there were stains on her blouse B. she wore heavy makeup C. she put on a wrong blouse D. her blouse was wrinkled 42. It’s learned from Paragraph 2 that ________. A Janelle’s boss put doing something on time above appearance. B. Janelle had no sense of responsibility at work. C. Janelle failed to set an example for employees in daily work. D. Janelle didn’t care about the neatness of her clothes at all. 43. How did the author first think of Janelle’s way to deal with her problem? A. Ridiculous. B. Fantastic. C. Puzzling. D. Reasonable. 44. What does the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph mean? A. We are careful enough in daily life. B. We all have done something creative. C. We all have done loads of things like Janelle. D. We all have tried to iron clothes while we are wearing them. 45. What does the author mainly want to tell readers in the last paragraph? A. Be creative. B. Do things right. C. A bad beginning makes a bad ending. D. Stick to old ways. C In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception（感知） of the food in front of us. Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV (or a similar distraction) can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual clues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption. A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, people's hunger levels were predicted not by how much they’d eaten but rather by how much food they'd seen in front of them—in other words, how much they remembered eating. This disparity (新旧研究的差异）suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol. "Hunger isn't controlled individually by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal，" Brunstrom says. "This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought." These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body’s response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones （荷尔蒙），depending on whether the shake’s label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought they'd consumed a higher-calorie shake. What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating. The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says. 46. What is said to be a factor affecting our appetite and food intake? A. How we feel the food we eat. B. When we eat our meals. C. What element the food contains. D. How fast we eat our meals. 47. What would happen at meal time if you remembered eating a lot in the previous meal? A. You would probably be more particular about food. B. You would not feel like eating the same food. C. You would have a good appetite. D. You would not feel so hungry. 48 What do we learn from the 2011 study? A. Food labels may mislead consumers in their purchases. B. Food labels may influence our body’s response to food. C. Hunger levels depend on one's consumption of calories. D. People tend to take in a lot more calories than necessary. 49. What does Brunstrom suggest we do to control our appetite? A. Trick ourselves into eating less. B. Choose food with fewer calories. C. Concentrate on food while eating. D. Pick dishes of the right size. 50. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Eating distractions often affect our food digestion. B. Psychological factors influence our hunger levels. C. Our food intake is determined by our biological needs. D. Good eating habits will contribute to our health. D To put it simply, stress can be the father of growth, while a crisis can be the mother of innovation. The notion that great good can emerge from great adversity (逆境) is as old as the legend of the great phoenix (凤凰), who not only arises but soars to new heights from its own ashes. In 1598, William Shakespeare penned the play As You Like It. One of the most famous lines from that play is spoken in Act 2 Scene 1 by Duke Senior, “Sweet are the uses of adversity which, like the toad (癞蛤蟆), ugly and venomous, wears yet a precious jewel in his head.” Even 500 years ago, the potential value of adversity was recognized, not by a great healer, but by a great playwright. Can this really be the case? Fast-forward to the great silent film star Mary Pickford. She was called the most popular actress in the world in the 1910s and 1920s. Failing to continue acting with the advent of the “talkies”(movies with recorded sound), she co-founded the film company United Artists. Shifting her talents to producing and directing, she became the most powerful woman in the entertainment industry. She once noted, “You may have a fresh start any moment you choose, for this thing that we call ‘failure’ is not the falling down, but the staying down.” Rather than fear and try to avoid adversity, perhaps we should accept the inevitability (必然) of adversity and prepare for it. Indeed, positive things can emerge from adversity. Adversity reveals true opportunities for those preparing to take advantage. Dr. John Krumboltz’s happenstance theory states that career and life development is best fostered by preparing for opportunities that you may not know even exist in the current moment. Numerous unpredictable factors are potentially shaping the future. These include the crises adversity brings. In Friedrich Nietzsche’s book, Behold the Man, the German philosopher writes that a person who has “turned out well” could be recognized by the ability to take advantage of and prosper from adversity, just as he wrote before, “What does not kill him makes him stronger.” So, the next time adversity enters your life, will you run from it, or will you embrace it and use it as a step ping stone to greater happiness and success? 51. Why does the author quote the line from Shakespeare’s play? A. To emphasize the great wisdom of Shakespeare. B. To highlight the beauty of Shakespeare’s language. C To challenge the conventional belief regarding adversity. D. To show the long-standing recognition of adversity’s value. 52. What is conveyed through Mary Pickford’s story? A. Fame can block one’s achievements. B. Strong determination overcomes adversity. C. Accepting adversity results in positive outcomes. D. Courage in the face of challenges leads to success. 53. What is the idea behind Krumboltz’s happenstance theory? A. Embracing uncertainty. B. Managing life’s challenges. C. Seizing hidden opportunities. D. Focusing on personal growth. 54 What is the author’s attitude towards adversity? A. Cautious. B. Favorable. C. Neutral. D. Doubtful. 55. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Finding value and opportunity in facing adversity. B. Stress as the primary cause of growth and innovation. C. How to avoid adversity and negative experiences in life. D. Historical figures who failed to overcome adversity effectively. 第Ⅱ卷 写作 (35分) 四. 阅读表达。共5小题，每小题2分，共10分。 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 When Simon Cane was in the second grade, he began learning about all the ways humans have an impact on the environment and really took those classroom lessons to heart in a way that set him apart from his schoolmates at his elementary school, P. S. 81, in the Bronx. “He told me we drove too much and made too much pollution,” his dad, Jonathan Cane, told Runner’s World. So Simon convinced his parents to start hanging their clothes to dry, taking the stairs instead of elevators, and other “green” measures. “For much of kindergarten and the first grade I rode my bike to Simon’s school with him on the back,” Jonathan said. “We had a lot of fun being outdoors. We’d stop to give our dog treats and generally enjoyed it.” As Simon got bigger, though, it wasn’t practical for him to ride on his father’s back, but it also didn’t make sense to ride together — both because of safety concerns and because there was no place to put away Simon’s bike. So, most of the time they drove the 1.5 miles to school. But in 2019, when Simon was going into the third grade, the 8-year-old came up with a new way to help the planet: running the 1.5 miles to P. S. 81. And Jonathan promised his son he’d join him for as long as he wanted. “We did a test run one day in August, and decided to give it a go. To be honest, I thought he’d blink after it got really cold or rainy, but he never did,” Jonathan said. He recalled one day when the weather was particularly bad. “It’s really raining out there today,” he told Simon. “And Simon said, ‘Well then we’re going to get wet!’ He took pride in toughing it out, and it became a really fun family routine.” Since the start, Simon has run with his dad and their black dog, Lola, and has even inspired his mom, Nicole Sin Quee, to join in. They soon became known as “the family that runs to school”. 56. What made Simon different from his classmates? (no more than 10 words) ________________________________ 57. Why did Simon usually go to school by car in the second grade? (no more than 15 words) ________________________________ 58. How do you understand the underlined part in the fourth paragraph? (no more than 15words) ________________________________ 59. How did Simon inspire his mom? (no more than 10 words) ________________________________ 60. What are your “green” measures? Please explain. (no more than 20 words) ________________________________ 五. 书面表达。满分25分。 61. 假设你是实验中学的学生李津，一位外国游客近日在Understanding China 网站上发布短视频，赞叹中国科技在购物、出行、学习等方面的应用，一位名叫Chris的网友在评论区留言，询问情况是否属实。请根据以下信息，写一篇留言回复： （1）对视频反映的情况予以肯定； （2）介绍科技在你生活中的应用； （3）邀请外国友人来中国亲身体验。 参考词汇：短视频video clip 注意： （1）词数不少于120； （2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 @ Chris ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Posted October 13,2024 5:00 p. m. 第Ⅲ卷听力 (20分) 六. 听力。共两节，满分20分。 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1分，满分5分) 62. What are the speakers probably talking about? A. A pet. B. A car. C. A job.. 63. Why does the girl feel surprised? A. The boy spent all his money so quickly. B. The boy couldn’t pay the money back. C. The boy asked their mother for money again. 64. What is the woman doing now? A. Making a funny video. B. Reading a novel. C. Watching a comedy. 65. What’s the weather like now in the woman’s city? A. - Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Windy. 66. Where does the woman plan to go first? A. To the airport. B. To a taxi company. C. To a shop. 第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分) 听下面一段对话，回答第67至第69小题。 67. How does the woman sound at first according to the man? A. Respectful. B. Impolite. C. Helpful. 68. Who is probably the man? A. A chemist. B. A professor. C. A student. 69. Where does the woman probably hope to work in the future? A. In a university. B. In a hospital. C. At a newspaper. 听下面一段对话，回答第70 至第12小题。 70. How long has the man had the computer? A. For about a month. B. For about three months. C. For about three years. 71. What will the man probably do with the computer? A. Have it repaired. B. Throw it away. C. Continue using it as before. 72. Where are most probably the speakers? A. In a computer store. B. In a cafe. C. In a classroom. 听下面一段独白，回答第73至第76小题。 73. Where will Professor Cathy Berg give a talk? A. In the Union Theater. B. In the lecture hall. C. In the blue room. 74. What can students do at the English corner on Thursday afternoon? A. Discuss new activities. B. Meet the Student Union members. C. Talk with two professors. 75. At what time does Bella Mulder’s show begin? A. 7:00 p. m. B. 8:30 p. m. C. 9:00 p. m. 76. How much is a ticket for the movie Forrest Gump? A. $7. B. $6. C. $5. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 天津市第一中学滨海学校2024-2025-1 学期 高三年级 英语学科二月考检测试卷 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷、第Ⅱ卷和第Ⅲ卷三部分，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、姓名、准考证号填写在答题纸上。答卷时，考生务必将Ⅰ Ⅱ卷答案涂在答题纸指定位置; Ⅲ卷答案也写在答题纸上，答在试卷上的无效。 第Ⅰ卷 选择题(95分) 注意事项：每题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 一. 单项选择。共15小题，每题1分，共15分。 1. —It’s too slow, I think. — _______ . So we’d better make it faster for customers to receive their goods. A. That’s ridiculous B. That’s the point C. That’s settled D. That’s all right 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我认为太慢了。——说到点上了。因此我们最好使顾客更快地收到他们的货物。A. That’s ridiculous太荒谬了；B. That’s the point说到点上了，那就对了；C. That’s settled就这么定了, 问题解决了；D. That’s all right没关系，不要紧。结合句意可知，第二个说话者应该是认可第一个人所说的话。故选B。 2. Our goal is to maximize our ________ for personal growth. A. potential B. bonus C. obstacle D. shadow 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的目标是最大化个人成长的潜力。A. potential潜力；B. bonus奖金；C. obstacle障碍；D. shadow影子。我们通常会希望最大化我们的潜力以促进个人成长，因此potential最符合语境。故选A。 3. —I believe that Cathy will pass the oral English test this time. —Absolutely. She ________ for the test in the last three weeks. A. prepared B. will prepare C. has prepared D. has been preparing 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：——我相信凯茜这次会通过英语口语考试的。——当然。在过去的三个星期里，她一直在准备考试。结合句意并由in the last three weeks可知，准备考试的事情从过去开始持续到现在并还有可能继续进行下去，因此时态用现在完成进行时，主语she是单数，因此空格处用has been preparing。故选D。 4. In Tianjin,________ the economy is one of the fastest-growing in China, more and more people choose to travel abroad. A. where B. when C. how D. why 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在天津，其经济是中国发展最快的地区之一，越来越多的人选择到国外旅游。引导定语从句，修饰先行词Tianjin，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故选A。 5. The journey has been flying by, and ________ I know it, we have reached Tangula Station. A. before B. after C. when D. since 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：旅程过得飞快，我还没意识到，我们就已经到唐古拉站了。A. before还没来得及……就……；B. after在……之后；C. when当……时；D. since自从。根据“we have reached Tangula Station.”可知，还没来得及意识到就已经到唐古拉站。故选A。 6. On my first day at senior high, I woke up early and rushed out of the door ________ to get to know my new school. A. in eagerness B. in question C. in pain D. in panic 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：在我上高中的第一天，我早早醒来，冲出家门，急于去了解我的新学校。A.in eagerness急切地，渴望地；B.in question正被讨论的，被提及的；C.in pain痛苦地；D.in panic惊慌地。根据“On my first day at senior high, I woke up early and rushed out of the door”可知，上学第一天，应是积极地想要去认识新学校，并非处于痛苦、惊慌或正在被讨论某种情况的状态。故选A。 7. The prize winner described to the class ________ he had managed to achieve excellence in his study. A. what B. how C. which D. whether 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查连接词辨析。句意：获奖者向全班同学描述了他是如何设法在学习上取得优异成绩的。A. what什么；B. how如何；C. which哪个；D. whether是否。本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”用how，故选B。 【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。 8. The box containing the ancient coins was buried (埋) deep in the earth, it for more than 2000 years. A. making; untouched B. makes; not touching C. to make; untouched D. made; not touching 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：装有古钱币的盒子被深埋在地下，2000多年来一直没有人碰过它。make的逻辑主语是前面的句子，两者之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作状语；第二空作宾补，untouch和it(指代box)之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作宾补。故选A。 9. — It is lucky that we got through the most difficult times with their help. — _______. Those days are gone. A. You said it B. You deserve it C. That’s terrible D. Take your time 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查习惯表达。句意：——幸运的是，我们在他们的帮助下度过了最艰难的时光。——你说得对。那些日子已经一去不复返了。A. You said it你说得对,你说到点子上了；B. You deserve it这是你应得的；C. That’s terrible太糟糕了；D. Take your time慢慢来。分析句意可知，第二个讲话者要表示对第一个人说法的肯定。故选A项。 10. Kate heard a man’s voice in the background, but she couldn’t ________ what he was saying. A. set aside B. take back C. make out D. keep off 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音，但她听不清他在说什么。A. set aside存储，留出；B. take back收回，拿回；C. make out辨认出，理解，了解；D. keep off（使）避开。根据but可推知，凯特应该是听不清。故选C。 11. It is reported that a new wildlife conservation area has been established in ________ was once known for deforestation to protect endangered species. A. what B. which C. how D. where 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：据报道，为了保护濒危物种，在曾经以砍伐森林而闻名的地区建立了一个新的野生动物保护区。本空引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，意为：……的地方，应用连接代词what引导。故选A。 12. The new supermarket announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day ______ get a big prize. A. shall B. may C. need D. must 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这家新开的超市宣布，第一个在开业当天购买商品的人将获得大奖。A. shall将要；B. may能、也许；C. need需要；D. must必须。shall用于陈述句中的第二、三人称，表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等，此处表示超市的规定，即允诺。故选A。 13. , and the new ideas and information will broaden your eyes and enrich your knowledge. A. Keep an open mind B. Go all out C. Keep calm and stay positive D. Hold your head up 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：保持开放的心态，新的想法和信息会开阔你的视野，丰富你的知识。A. Keep an open mind保持开放的心态；B. Go all out全力以赴；C. Keep calm and stay positive保持冷静和乐观；D. Hold your head up抬起头来。根据后文“the new ideas and information will broaden your eyes and enrich your knowledge”可知，新的想法和信息会开阔你的视野，丰富你的知识，所以应是保持开放的心态。故选A项。 14. Better than half a billion dollars ______ that fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat over the past eighty years. A. have gone into B. had gone into C. have been gone into D. has gone into 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的80年里，超过5亿美元投入该基金，购买了500多万英亩的栖息地。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语over the past eighty years可知，此处应使用现在完成时，go into与句子主语Better than half a billion dollars之间为主动关系，且金钱作主语时看作一个整体，所以谓语动词使用单数形式，所以该句的谓语形式为has gone into。故选D项。 15. Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and ______ every page of my draft. A. multiplied B. restricted C. polished D. enlarged 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我要感谢我的导师，他对我的论文提出了很多建议和意见，并对我的草稿的每一页进行了修改。A. multiplied成倍增加；B. restricted限制；C. polished润色，修改；D. enlarged扩大。根据“who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper”可知，此处是指感谢导师对自己草稿的修改润色。故选C。 二. 完形填空。共20小题, 每小题1.5分, 共30分。 I learnt an important ___16___ from one of my patients. When I first met Linda, she was only six years old, lovely and energetic. ___17___, an accident happened when she fell into the fire on a camping trip, leaving 30% of her skin surface ___18___. Linda was ___19___ to the hospital and needed three additional surgeries. Between each ___20___, nurses daily took her for disinfection (消毒). Overnight, the dressings (敷料) would ___21___ to the wound and have to be pulled away. Each step was more painful for Linda than the ___22___ one. For an adult, the disturbing ___23___ and daily fear prove overwhelming. For a child, it has a(n) ___24___ forever. Linda’s life would never be the same. I took care of Linda for the next several years, ___25___ her scars and freeing areas of tightness in her face and neck. Over that time, her scars faded and her appearance improved ___26___. Eventually, her family moved away and I ___27___ her. Years later, at a national meeting, I ___28___ a plastic surgeon I knew and he told me he had met a former patient of mine. It was Linda. She was doing extremely well and she was his ___29___ instead of his patient. Linda had become a nurse and worked with him in a burn ___30___. She was the nurse the patients most often asked to clean their wounds and change their dressings. Her compassion and her courage in returning to a burn unit ___31___ their confidence and reduced their fears. Linda turned her pain into ___32___. She devoted every day of her life towards helping others ___33___ their pain. Physicians can be ___34___ when we don’t have enough time in a day to complete everything we need to do. Linda taught me the importance of slowing down. Among the best ___35___ we, as physicians, can give our patients, whether in the exam room or at the bedside in the hospital, is to take the time to show the compassion we feel. 16. A. chance B. incident C. lesson D. memory 17. A. Besides B. Otherwise C. However D. Therefore 18. A. abandoned B. damaged C. restored D. exchanged 19. A. evaluated B. surrounded C. admitted D. required 20. A. opportunity B. process C. performance D. operation 21. A. stick B. adapt C. appeal D. object 22. A. frequent B. occasional C. previous D. gradual 23. A. relief B. boredom C. pain D. embarrassment 24. A. reaction B. impact C. impression D. judgment 25. A. recovering B. treating C. fastening D. moving 26. A. significantly B. necessarily C. relevantly D. temporarily 27. A. kept pace of B. lost track of C. gave rise to D. took notice of 28. A. took in B. got over C. called out D. ran into 29. A. applicant B. consultant C. sponsor D. colleague 30. A. unit B. room C. model D. role 31. A. blessed B. increased C. proved D. defeated 32. A. sorrow B. amusement C. sympathy D. regret 33. A. overcome B. suffer C. obtain D. extend 34. A. hesitant B. frustrated C. thrilled D. content 35. A. images B. instructions C. gifts D. words 【答案】16. C 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了琳达小时候经历了烧伤事故，治疗过程中的每一步对她来说都意味着疼痛和煎熬，但年幼的琳达凭借坚强的意志，熬过了这段痛苦的时期，并在长大后选择成为一名烧伤科的护士来帮助其他病人。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从我的一个病人身上学到了一堂重要的课。A. chance机会；B. incident事件；C. lesson课程；D. memory记忆力。由下文“Linda taught me the importance of slowing down”可知，这里指琳达给作者上了一“课”。故选C项。 【17题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当她在一次露营旅行中掉进火里时，发生了一起事故，导致30%的皮肤表面受损。A. Besides除了；B. Otherwise否则；C. However然而；D. Therefore因此。由上文“When I first met Linda, she was only six years old, lovely and energetic”和下文琳达受伤情况可知，这里应表示前后转折。故选C项。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当她在一次露营旅行中掉进火里时，发生了一起事故，导致30%的皮肤表面受损。A. abandoned放弃；B. damaged损坏，受损；C. restored恢复；D. exchanged交换。由上文“she fell into the fire on a camping trip”可知，这里指皮肤表面因火烧而“受损”。故选B项。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：琳达住进了医院，需要再做三次手术。A. evaluated评估；B. surrounded包围；C. admitted接收入院；D. required要求。由下文“needed three additional surgeries”可知，这里应指琳达被“接收入院”了。故选C项。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次手术之间，护士每天都会带她去消毒。A. opportunity机会；B. process过程；C. performance性能；D. operation手术。由上文“needed three additional surgeries”可知，这里指每次“手术”中，护士都需要消毒。故选D项。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一夜之间，敷料就会粘在伤口上，不得不被拉开。A. stick粘贴，粘住；B. adapt适应；C. appeal上诉；D. object反对。由下文“have to be pulled away”可知，这里指敷料“粘住”在伤口上。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对琳达来说，每一步都比前一步更痛苦。A. frequent频繁的；B. occasional偶尔的；C. previous之前的；D. gradual逐渐的。由上文“more painful for Linda than”以及语境可知，这里指每一步都比“之前的”一次更加痛苦。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于一个成年人来说，令人不安的痛苦和每天的恐惧被证明是压倒性的。A. relief救济；B. boredom无聊；C. pain疼痛；D. embarrassment尴尬。由上文“Each step was more painful for Linda than the 　7 　 one. ”可知，这里指“痛苦”是大人难以承受的。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对一个孩子来说，它会永远产生影响。A. reaction反应；B. impact影响；C. impression印象；D. judgment判断。由下文“Linda’s life would never be the same”可知，这里受伤对琳达有永久性的“影响”。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几年里，我一直在照顾琳达，治疗她的疤痕，缓解她脸上和脖子上的紧绷感。A. recovering恢复；B. treating处理，治疗；C. fastening系牢；D. moving移动。由上文“took care of Linda ”可知，这里指作者“治疗”她的疤痕。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，她的伤疤消退了，她的容貌也有了明显的改善。A. significantly显著地；B. necessarily必然地；C. relevantly相关地；D. temporarily暂时地。由上文“her scars faded”可知，这里指她的容貌也有了“显著”的改善。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：最终，她的家人搬走了，我也不再掌握她的最新情况。 A. kept pace of跟上……的步伐；B. lost track of不再掌握……的最新情况；C. gave rise to产生；D. took notice of注意到。由上文“her family moved away ”可知，琳达搬家了，所以作者“不再掌握她的最新情况”。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：几年后，在一次全国性会议上，我遇到了一位我认识的整形外科医生，他告诉我他见过我的一位前病人。A. took in吸收；B. got over战胜；C. called out喊出；D. ran into偶遇。由下文“a plastic surgeon”以及语境可知，这里指作者“偶遇”一位整形外科医生。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她做得非常好，她是他的同事，而不是他的病人。A. applicant申请人；B. consultant顾问；C. sponsor赞助商；D. colleague同事。由下文“Linda had become a nurse”可知，这里指琳达成为了这位医生的“同事”。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：琳达成了一名护士，和他一起在烧伤科工作。A. unit单元，科室；B. room房间；C. model模型；D. role角色。由下文“returning to a burn unit”可知，这里指琳达在烧伤“科室”工作。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的同情心和她回到烧伤科的勇气增加了他们的信心和减少了他们的害怕。A. blessed祝福；B. increased增加；C. proved证明；D. defeated打败。由上文“Her compassion and her courage in returning to a burn unit”可知，这里指琳达的同情心和她回到烧伤科的勇气“增加”了患者恢复的勇气。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：琳达把痛苦转化为同情。A. sorrow悲伤；B. amusement娱乐；C. sympathy同情；D. regret后悔。由上文“Her compassion and her courage ”可知，这里指琳达把痛苦转化为“同情”。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把生命中的每一天都奉献给了帮助他人克服痛苦。A. overcome战胜，克服；B. suffer遭受；C. obtain获得；D. extend延伸。由上文“ 　 16　 their confidence and reduced their fears”可知，这里指帮助病人“克服”痛苦。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们一天没有足够的时间完成我们需要做的一切时，医生可能会感到沮丧。A. hesitant犹豫不决的；B. frustrated沮丧的；C. thrilled激动的；D. content满意的。由下文“we don’t have enough time in a day to complete everything we need to do”可知，医生没有足够时间完成事情，所以感觉很“沮丧的”。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为医生，无论是在检查室还是在医院的床边，我们能给病人的最好礼物之一就是花时间表达我们的同情心。A. images图像；B. instructions说明；C. gifts礼物；D. words话。由下文“give our patients”以及语境可知，这里指花时间表达我们的同情心是医生给病人做好的“礼物”。故选C项。 三. 阅读理解。共20小题, 每小题2.5分, 共50分。 A Exciting Sites for Your Children in Orlando ★Universal Orlando Resort Location: 1000 Universal Studios Plz Contact: 14073638000 Open Hours: Monday to Friday from 9 AM to 6 PM, Saturday from 9 AM to 7 PM, Sunday from 9 AM to 6 PM The world’s favorite films and film stars come to life here and 40 amazing and amusing rides, shows and attractions are presented. A virtual 3-D adventure has its own set of thrills, as does an experience of meeting with Jaws, a trip Back to the Future, and a voyage beyond the stars in an E.T Adventure. ★Sea World Orlando Location: 7007 Sea World Dr Contact: 14073513600 Open Hours: Monday to Sunday from 9 AM to 5 PM One of the first theme parks to open in Orlando, Sea World has been operating here for more than 30 years. Many new attractions and rides have been added to the original fun including a laser-fireworks-water show and high-tech thrill rides. The park also hosts a number of family-friendly events. See website for latest information. ★Wet’n wild Location: 6200 International Dr Contact: 14073511800 Open Hours: Varies by season Amusement Business Magazine calls this Wet’n Wild the nation’s best-attended water park. Adults love thrill rides here such as Brain Wash and The Storm which are definitely for the brave. Children enjoy milder thrills at the Kids Park section like ‘Bubble up’. The whole family can kick back on the Take it Easy offerings, including the mile-long Lazy River. Pools are heated in the winter. Open every day 9 AM to 4 PM. ★Gatorland Location: 14501 S Orange Blossom Trl Contact: 14058555496 Open Hours: Monday to Sunday from 9 AM to 5 PM Take a trip to this 70-acre park and see thousands of alligators, and crocodiles, up close. Visit feeding pens, nurseries and ponds. Children love the site’s mini water park especially because it offers lovely petting zoo goats, lambs, and other barnyard (牲畜棚) animals. 36. If David prefers to stay longer in the afternoon, ______ is the best choice. A. Gatorland B. Universal Orlando Resort C. Sea World Orlando D. Wet’n Wild 37. Of the four attractions, warm pools are available at ______ in winter. A. 6200 International Dr B. 14501 S Orange Blossom Trl C. 7007 Sea World Dr D. 1000 Universal Studios Plz 38. Gatorland offers a different trip from the other three sites with ______. A. thrill rides B. a water park C. a long history D. zoo animals 39. For a family trip, you can contact ______. A. 14058555496 or 14073513600 B. 14073638000 or 14058555496 C. 14073513600 or 14073511800 D. 14073511800 or 14058555496 40. The advertisement is mostly intended for ______. A. college students B. small children C. adults D. parents 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍奥兰多为孩子提供的令人兴奋的景点。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据Universal Orlando Resort部分“Open Hours: Monday to Friday from 9 AM to 6 PM, Saturday from 9 AM to 7 PM, Sunday from 9 AM to 6 PM (营业时间：周一至周五上午9点至下午6点，周六上午9点至下午7点，周日上午9点至下午6点)”及Sea World Orlando部分“Open Hours: Monday to Sunday from 9 AM to 5 PM (营业时间：周一至周日上午9点至下午5点)”及Wet’n wild部分“Open every day 9 AM to 4 PM. (开放时间：每天上午 9 点至下午 4 点开放。)”及Gatorland部分“Open Hours: Monday to Sunday from 9 AM to 5 PM (营业时间： 周一至周日上午 9 点至下午5 点)”可知，Universal Orlando Resort的营业时间最长，如果大卫项在下午待得更久，最好的选则是Universal Orlando Resort。故选B项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据Wet’n wild部分“Pools are heated in the winter. (游泳池在冬天是热的。)”及“Location: 6200 International Dr (地点：6200 International Dr)”可知Wet’n wild有温暖的游泳池，故在6200 International Dr有温暖的泳池。故选A项。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据Gatorland部分“Children love the site’s mini water park especially because it offers lovely petting zoo goats, lambs, and other barnyard (牲畜棚) animals. (孩子们喜欢这个地方的迷你水上乐园，特别是因为它提供了可爱的宠物动物园山羊，羊羔和其他牲畜棚。)”可知Gatorland不同于其他景点的是：Gatorland可提供动物园动物。故选D项。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据Sea World Orlando部分“The park also hosts a number of family-friendly events. (公园还举办许多家庭友好型的活动。)”及Wet’n wild部分“The whole family can kick back on the Take it Easy offerings, including the mile-long Lazy River. (全家人都可以享受轻松Take it Easy，包括一英里长的懒人河。)”可知Sea World Orlando和Wet’n wild这两个地方可以提供家庭旅行，故可以打14073513600或14073511800这两个号码。故选C项。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据标题“Exciting Sites for Your Children in Orlando (为孩子提供的奥兰多令人兴奋的景点)”可知，本篇广告文是为小孩儿父母准备的。故选D项。 B Janelle was running late for work, so she just had time for a quick look at herself in the mirror as she was going out. What she saw there made her stop dead in her tracks. Being a busy college student just one year removed from her teenage years, she wasn’t exactly obsessive-compulsive (有强迫观念和行为的) about the neatness of her clothes. But her boss at the restaurant where she works saw things a little differently. He had recently lectured the entire staff on the importance of appearance, and had specifically mentioned the need for servers to wear clean, unwrinkled blouses. As an assistant manager, Janelle felt it was important to set an example for the other employees. But if she stopped to iron the blouse normally, she would be late and arriving at the right time was an area of even greater concern to her boss. So she grabbed her iron and plugged it in and set it for low heat. Carefully holding her blouse away from her body, she continued to iron it while she was wearing it. It seemed like a logical answer to an urgent problem. And it seemed to be working until Janelle tried to iron the collar and accidentally ironed her neck by mistake. Then it suddenly seemed like a really stupid idea and a really painful one as well. It took more time to treat her burn than it would have taken to iron her shirt properly. And she spent a miserable shift dealing with the pain of the burn. We’ve all been there, haven’t we? For me it was cutting my own hair. For a former roommate it was trying to pull his own wisdom teeth. For another college acquaintance, it was trying to change the oil in his car while the motor was still running. “There’s a right way and a wrong way of doing things,” Dad used to tell me whenever I’d spoil the look of our yard by trying out a faster, easier and more creative way of pulling weeds or edging the lawn.” If a thing is worth doing,” he said, “it’s worth doing it right.” There’s a reason why certain things are done in certain ways. Those old, boring, predictable ways work. 41. Janelle found in the mirror that ________. A. there were stains on her blouse B. she wore heavy makeup C. she put on a wrong blouse D. her blouse was wrinkled 42. It’s learned from Paragraph 2 that ________. A. Janelle’s boss put doing something on time above appearance. B. Janelle had no sense of responsibility at work. C. Janelle failed to set an example for employees in daily work. D. Janelle didn’t care about the neatness of her clothes at all. 43. How did the author first think of Janelle’s way to deal with her problem? A. Ridiculous. B. Fantastic. C. Puzzling. D. Reasonable. 44. What does the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph mean? A. We are careful enough in daily life. B. We all have done something creative. C. We all have done loads of things like Janelle. D. We all have tried to iron clothes while we are wearing them. 45. What does the author mainly want to tell readers in the last paragraph? A. Be creative. B. Do things right. C. A bad beginning makes a bad ending. D. Stick to old ways. 【答案】41. D 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Janelle因上班快要迟到但又要符合老板对员工仪表的要求，于是穿着衬衫熨烫却不小心烫伤自己的经历，并由此引发关于做事方式的思考。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“He had recently lectured the entire staff on the importance of appearance, and had specifically mentioned the need for servers to wear clean, unwrinkled blouses. (他最近刚给全体员工讲过仪表的重要性，还特别提到了服务员需要穿着干净、没有褶皱的衬衫。)”可知，Jenelle应该看到的是她的衬衫是褶皱的，而这是老板不容许的，所以她才准备把它熨平。故选D。 【42题详解】 推断判断题。由第二段中“But if she stopped to iron the blouse normally, she would be late and arriving at the right time was an area of even greater concern to her boss. (但如果她像平常那样停下来熨烫衬衫的话，就会迟到，而能否准时到岗是她老板更为关注的事情。)”可知，比起衣着，Jenelle的老板更注重准时。故选A。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段“So she grabbed her iron and plugged it in and set it for low heat. Carefully holding her blouse away from her body, she continued to iron it while she was wearing it. It seemed like a logical answer to an urgent problem. (于是她抓起熨斗，插上插头，将温度调至低温档。她小心翼翼地把衬衫从身上拉开，就这么穿着衬衫继续熨烫起来。这似乎是解决这个紧急问题的一个合乎逻辑的办法。) ”可知，作者描述Janelle穿着衬衫熨烫的做法时，认为这似乎是解决紧急问题的一个合乎逻辑的办法，即一开始觉得是合理的。故选 D。 【44题详解】 词句猜测题。第五段划线句“We’ve all been there, haven’t we?”的下文列举了作者自己剪头发、前室友拔智齿、另一个大学熟人在发动机还运转时换汽车机油等事例，这些都是人们为了图省事或用特别的方式做事情却出问题的情况，和Janelle穿着衬衫熨烫结果烫伤自己类似，所以这句话意思是我们都做过很多像Janelle那样的事。故选C。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。由最后一段““There’s a right way and a wrong way of doing things,” Dad used to tell me whenever I’d spoil the look of our yard by trying out a faster, easier and more creative way of pulling weeds or edging the lawn.” If a thing is worth doing,” he said, “it’s worth doing it right.” There’s a reason why certain things are done in certain ways.” (“做事情有正确的方法，也有错误的方法，”每当我为了更快、更省事且更有创意地除草或给草坪修边，结果却把我们家院子弄得一团糟时，爸爸总会这样对我说。“如果一件事值得去做，”他说，“那就值得把它做好。某些事情之所以要用特定的方式去做，是有原因的。”) ”可知，作者最后用爸爸告诉他的话来告诫人们，要用a right way去做事情。故选B。 C In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception（感知） of the food in front of us. Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV (or a similar distraction) can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual clues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption. A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, people's hunger levels were predicted not by how much they’d eaten but rather by how much food they'd seen in front of them—in other words, how much they remembered eating. This disparity (新旧研究的差异）suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol. "Hunger isn't controlled individually by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal，" Brunstrom says. "This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought." These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body’s response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones （荷尔蒙），depending on whether the shake’s label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought they'd consumed a higher-calorie shake. What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating. The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says. 46. What is said to be a factor affecting our appetite and food intake? A. How we feel the food we eat. B. When we eat our meals. C. What element the food contains. D. How fast we eat our meals. 47. What would happen at meal time if you remembered eating a lot in the previous meal? A. You would probably be more particular about food. B. You would not feel like eating the same food. C. You would have a good appetite. D. You would not feel so hungry. 48. What do we learn from the 2011 study? A. Food labels may mislead consumers in their purchases. B. Food labels may influence our body’s response to food. C. Hunger levels depend on one's consumption of calories. D. People tend to take in a lot more calories than necessary. 49. What does Brunstrom suggest we do to control our appetite? A. Trick ourselves into eating less. B. Choose food with fewer calories. C. Concentrate on food while eating. D. Pick dishes of the right size. 50. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Eating distractions often affect our food digestion. B. Psychological factors influence our hunger levels. C. Our food intake is determined by our biological needs. D. Good eating habits will contribute to our health. 【答案】46. A 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. B 【解析】 【分析】本文属于科普文，阐述人们的食欲和食物摄取受到包括环境和对食物的认知等诸多因素的影响。 【46题详解】 事实细节题。根据第一段In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception（感知） of the food in front of us.可知，文章开篇指出了人们的食欲 和食物摄取受到诸多因素的影响，包括人们的饮 食环境和对面前食物的认知,故答案为A。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句Several hours after a meal, people's hunger levels were predicted not by how much they’d eaten but rather by how much food they'd seen in front of them—in other words, how much they remembered eating.可知,饭后几小时,决定人们饥饿程度的不是他们已食用的食物量，而是他们吃饭时面前所见到的食物量,也就是说,影响人们饥饿程度的是他们记忆中的食物量而不是胃里的食物量。由此可推断,记忆对饮食造成影 响，如果记忆中上顿饭吃了很多,那么不管是不是 真的吃了很多,都不会感觉太饿,故答案为D。 【48题详解】 细节归纳题。根据第六段第二句In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones （荷尔蒙），depending on whether the shake’s label said it contained 620 or 140 calories.可知，详细描述了 2011年 的一项研究。在研究中，参与者在两个不同场合 食用了相同卡路里的奶昔，但是奶昔标签上分别 标注了 620卡路里和140卡路里,结果显示,根据 标注的中路里含量,参与者分泌了不同水平的与 饥饿相关的荷尔蒙，而且当食用了标注620卡路 里的奶昔时,他们感觉更饱。实际上两份奶昔的 卡路里含量是相同的，由于标签标注的不同,让人产生自我暗示,使人体对食物产生了不同的反应。 故答案为B。 【49题详解】 细节归纳题。根据最后一段The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says.可知，所谓"用心饮 食"策略能够对抗干扰,帮助人们控制食欲。也就 是Brunstrom建议我们通过"用心饮食"策略控制 饮食用心饮食"和前文中提到的"专注于食物" 相照应,故答案为C。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。全文可分为三个部分,第一部分提出论点——人们的食欲和食物摄取受到包括环境和对食物的认知等诸多因素的影响。第二部分引用相关科学研究论证这些影响因素，特别 指出饮食环境、对食物的记忆、食物包装上的标签对人产生的心理暗示作用影响饮食。最后一部分提出通过专注饮食来控制食欲的建议。对食物及饮食环境的认知，对食物的记忆，食物标签产生的心理暗示等都属于心理因素,统观全文,作者一直围绕心理因素对食欲的影响展开论述，故答案 为B。 D To put it simply, stress can be the father of growth, while a crisis can be the mother of innovation. The notion that great good can emerge from great adversity (逆境) is as old as the legend of the great phoenix (凤凰), who not only arises but soars to new heights from its own ashes. In 1598, William Shakespeare penned the play As You Like It. One of the most famous lines from that play is spoken in Act 2 Scene 1 by Duke Senior, “Sweet are the uses of adversity which, like the toad (癞蛤蟆), ugly and venomous, wears yet a precious jewel in his head.” Even 500 years ago, the potential value of adversity was recognized, not by a great healer, but by a great playwright. Can this really be the case? Fast-forward to the great silent film star Mary Pickford. She was called the most popular actress in the world in the 1910s and 1920s. Failing to continue acting with the advent of the “talkies”(movies with recorded sound), she co-founded the film company United Artists. Shifting her talents to producing and directing, she became the most powerful woman in the entertainment industry. She once noted, “You may have a fresh start any moment you choose, for this thing that we call ‘failure’ is not the falling down, but the staying down.” Rather than fear and try to avoid adversity, perhaps we should accept the inevitability (必然) of adversity and prepare for it. Indeed, positive things can emerge from adversity. Adversity reveals true opportunities for those preparing to take advantage. Dr. John Krumboltz’s happenstance theory states that career and life development is best fostered by preparing for opportunities that you may not know even exist in the current moment. Numerous unpredictable factors are potentially shaping the future. These include the crises adversity brings. In Friedrich Nietzsche’s book, Behold the Man, the German philosopher writes that a person who has “turned out well” could be recognized by the ability to take advantage of and prosper from adversity, just as he wrote before, “What does not kill him makes him stronger.” So, the next time adversity enters your life, will you run from it, or will you embrace it and use it as a step ping stone to greater happiness and success? 51. Why does the author quote the line from Shakespeare’s play? A. To emphasize the great wisdom of Shakespeare. B. To highlight the beauty of Shakespeare’s language. C. To challenge the conventional belief regarding adversity. D. To show the long-standing recognition of adversity’s value. 52. What is conveyed through Mary Pickford’s story? A. Fame can block one’s achievements. B. Strong determination overcomes adversity. C. Accepting adversity results in positive outcomes. D. Courage in the face of challenges leads to success. 53. What is the idea behind Krumboltz’s happenstance theory? A. Embracing uncertainty. B. Managing life’s challenges. C. Seizing hidden opportunities. D. Focusing on personal growth. 54. What is the author’s attitude towards adversity? A. Cautious. B. Favorable. C. Neutral. D. Doubtful. 55. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Finding value and opportunity in facing adversity. B. Stress as the primary cause of growth and innovation. C. How to avoid adversity and negative experiences in life. D. Historical figures who failed to overcome adversity effectively. 【答案】51. D 52. C 53. C 54. B 55. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要阐述要积极面对逆境，在逆境中寻找自我价值和机会。 【51题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第二段“One of the most famous lines from that play is spoken in Act 2 Scene 1 by Duke Senior, ‘Sweet are the uses of adversity which, like the toad(癞蛤蟆), ugly and venomous, wears yet a precious jewel in his head.’ Even 500 years ago, the potential value of adversity was recognized, not by a great healer, but by a great playwright. (该剧最著名的台词之一是老公爵在第二幕第1场中说的，‘甜蜜是对逆境的利用，就像癞蛤蟆一样，又丑又毒，头上还戴着一颗珍贵的宝石。’即使在500年前，逆境的潜在价值也得到了认可，不是由一位伟大的治疗师，而是由一位了不起的剧作家写就。)”可知，作者引用莎士比亚戏剧中的一句话，以表明人们长期以来对逆境价值的认识。故选D项。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段“Fast-forward to the great silent film star Mary Pickford. She was called the most popular actress in the world in the 1910s and 1920s. Failing to continue acting with the advent of the ‘talkies’(movies with recorded sound), she co-founded the film company United Artists. Shifting her talents to producing and directing, she became the most powerful woman in the entertainment industry. (快进到伟大的无声电影明星Mary Pickford。她被称为1910年代和1920年代世界上最受欢迎的女演员。随着‘有声电影’（有录音的电影）的出现，她未能继续表演，她与人共同创立了电影公司联合艺术家。她将自己的才华转移到制作和导演上，成为娱乐圈最有权势的女性。)”可知，从Mary Pickford的故事中我们可知，接受逆境会带来积极的结果。故选C项。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第五段“Adversity reveals true opportunities for those preparing to take advantage. Dr. John Krumboltz’s happenstance theory states that career and life development is best fostered by preparing for opportunities that you may not know even exist in the current moment. Numerous unpredictable factors are potentially shaping the future. (逆境为那些准备利用的人揭示了真正的机会。John Krumboltz博士的偶然性理论指出，职业和生活的发展最好通过为你可能不知道的机会做准备来促进。许多不可预测的因素正在潜在地塑造未来。)”可知，John Krumboltz偶然性理论背后的理念是抓住隐藏的机会。故选C项。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第四段“Rather than fear and try to avoid adversity, perhaps we should accept the inevitability (必然) of adversity and prepare for it. Indeed, positive things can emerge from adversity.(与其害怕和试图避免逆境，也许我们应该接受逆境的必然性并做好准备。事实上，积极的事情可以从逆境中产生。)”可知，作者对经历逆境的态度是赞许的。故选B项。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。由文章第四段“Rather than fear and try to avoid adversity, perhaps we should accept the inevitability (必然) of adversity and prepare for it. Indeed, positive things can emerge from adversity.(与其害怕和试图避免逆境，也许我们应该接受逆境必然性并做好准备。事实上，积极的事情可以从逆境中产生。)”和最后一段“So, the next time adversity enters your life, will you run from it, or will you embrace it and use it as a step ping stone to greater happiness and success?(那么，下次逆境进入你的生活时，你会逃离它，还是会拥抱它，把它当作通往更大幸福和成功的垫脚石？)”以及上下文可知，文章主要阐述要积极面对逆境，在逆境中寻找自我价值和机会。故选A项。 第Ⅱ卷 写作 (35分) 四. 阅读表达。共5小题，每小题2分，共10分。 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 When Simon Cane was in the second grade, he began learning about all the ways humans have an impact on the environment and really took those classroom lessons to heart in a way that set him apart from his schoolmates at his elementary school, P. S. 81, in the Bronx. “He told me we drove too much and made too much pollution,” his dad, Jonathan Cane, told Runner’s World. So Simon convinced his parents to start hanging their clothes to dry, taking the stairs instead of elevators, and other “green” measures. “For much of kindergarten and the first grade I rode my bike to Simon’s school with him on the back,” Jonathan said. “We had a lot of fun being outdoors. We’d stop to give our dog treats and generally enjoyed it.” As Simon got bigger, though, it wasn’t practical for him to ride on his father’s back, but it also didn’t make sense to ride together — both because of safety concerns and because there was no place to put away Simon’s bike. So, most of the time they drove the 1.5 miles to school. But in 2019, when Simon was going into the third grade, the 8-year-old came up with a new way to help the planet: running the 1.5 miles to P. S. 81. And Jonathan promised his son he’d join him for as long as he wanted. “We did a test run one day in August, and decided to give it a go. To be honest, I thought he’d blink after it got really cold or rainy, but he never did,” Jonathan said. He recalled one day when the weather was particularly bad. “It’s really raining out there today,” he told Simon. “And Simon said, ‘Well then we’re going to get wet!’ He took pride in toughing it out, and it became a really fun family routine.” Since the start, Simon has run with his dad and their black dog, Lola, and has even inspired his mom, Nicole Sin Quee, to join in. They soon became known as “the family that runs to school”. 56. What made Simon different from his classmates? (no more than 10 words) ________________________________ 57. Why did Simon usually go to school by car in the second grade? (no more than 15 words) ________________________________ 58. How do you understand the underlined part in the fourth paragraph? (no more than 15words) ________________________________ 59. How did Simon inspire his mom? (no more than 10 words) ________________________________ 60. What are your “green” measures? Please explain. (no more than 20 words) ________________________________ 【答案】56. Taking lessons about humans’ impact on the environment to heart. 57. Because it wasn’t practical to ride on his father’s back or ride together. 58. I thought he would give up when the weather was bad. 59. She joined them in running to school. 60. I always ride to school and take public transportation when getting around so that I can help to reduce pollution. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了男孩Simon Cane在了解人类对环境的影响后，采取绿色措施保护环境，通过和爸爸一起跑步去上学为环保做出贡献。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“When Simon Cane was in the second grade, he began learning about all the ways humans have an impact on the environment and really took those classroom lessons to heart in a way that set him apart from his schoolmates at his elementary school, P. S. 81, in the Bronx. (当Simon Cane上二年级的时候，他开始学习人类对环境的各种影响，并把这些课堂上的知识牢记于心，这使他在布朗克斯区的小学P. S. 81的同学中脱颖而出)”可知，令Simon不同于同学的地方在于他把课堂上学到的人类对环境的影响牢记于心。故答案为：Taking lessons about humans’ impact on the environment to heart. 【57题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“As Simon got bigger, though, it wasn’t practical for him to ride on his father’s back, but it also didn’t make sense to ride together — both because of safety concerns and because there was no place to put away Simon’s bike. So, most of the time they drove the 1.5 miles to school. (然而，随着Simon长大，让他骑在他父亲的背上已经不现实了，而且让他一起骑也没有意义了——既因为安全问题，也因为没有地方可以放Simon的自行车。所以，大多数时候他们开车1.5英里去学校)”可知，二年级时Simon坐车去上学是因为骑在他父亲的背上或者一起骑车已经不现实了。故答案为：Because it wasn’t practical to ride on his father’s back or ride together. 【58题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线句的下文“He recalled one day when the weather was particularly bad. “It’s really raining out there today,” he told Simon. “And Simon said, ‘Well then we’re going to get wet!’ He took pride in toughing it out, and it became a really fun family routine.” (他回忆起有一天天气特别糟糕。“今天外面真的下着雨，”他告诉Simon。“Simon说，‘好吧，那我们就要被淋湿了!’他很自豪能坚持下来，这成为了一项非常有趣的家庭惯例。”)”可知，Simon的爸爸Jonathan讲述了有一天虽然天气很糟糕，但是Simon没有放弃，依然坚持跑步上学的事情。由此可知，画线句指的是“我以为天气变坏时他会放弃”。故答案为：I thought he would give up when the weather was bad. 【59题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Since the start, Simon has run with his dad and their black dog, Lola, and has even inspired his mom, Nicole Sin Quee, to join in. They soon became known as “the family that runs to school”. (从一开始，Simon就和他的爸爸和他们的黑狗Lola一起跑步，甚至激励了他的妈妈Nicole Sin Quee也加入了进来。他们很快就被称为“跑去上学的家庭”)”可知，Simon激励了他的妈妈也加入他们，一起跑步去学校。故答案为：She joined them in running to school. 【60题详解】 开放性试题。本题的答案不唯一，结合个人实际情况说明生活中的绿色措施，言之有理即可。例如，“我”总是骑车上学，出行时乘坐公共交通工具，这样“我”就可以帮助减少污染。故答案可为：I always ride to school and take public transportation when getting around so that I can help to reduce pollution. 五. 书面表达。满分25分。 61. 假设你是实验中学的学生李津，一位外国游客近日在Understanding China 网站上发布短视频，赞叹中国科技在购物、出行、学习等方面的应用，一位名叫Chris的网友在评论区留言，询问情况是否属实。请根据以下信息，写一篇留言回复： （1）对视频反映的情况予以肯定； （2）介绍科技在你生活中的应用； （3）邀请外国友人来中国亲身体验。 参考词汇：短视频video clip 注意： （1）词数不少于120； （2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 @ Chris ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Posted October 13,2024 5:00 p. m. 【答案】参考范文： In response to your inquiry, I feel proud to inform you that what was mentioned in the video is absolutely accurate. Growing up in China, I have witnessed a wide range of applications of technology around me, including shopping, transportation and learning. Thanks to the rapid development of technology, non-cash payments are emerging in our lives, which free us from carrying lots of heavy coins or dirty notes. As for transportation, it’s convenient and cheap to use a shared bike by scanning a barcode on the bike with a mobile phone. Not only can it meet our desire to pedal along the path and enjoy the beautiful scenery at the same time, but it’s also an efficient measure to relieve traffic jams. Besides, what benefits me most is the online learning resources. Now we have access to high-quality online courses and related materials offered by renowned teachers from home and abroad, enabling us to gain more knowledge beyond textbooks. I sincerely hope you can pay a visit to China to experience the application of technology in person. I am convinced it will live up to your expectations! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的回复贴。在一位名叫Chris的网友的留言下写一篇留言回复，告知其中国科技在购物、出行、学习等方面的应用。 【详解】1.词汇积累 由于：thanks to→ due to 此外：besides→ what’s more 获得：gain→ attain/acquire 真诚地：sincerely→ with sincerity/genuinely 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Growing up in China, I have witnessed a wide range of applications of technology around me, including shopping, transportation and learning. 拓展句：Growing up in China, I have witnessed a wide range of applications of technology around me, which include shopping, transportation and learning. 【点睛】【高分句型1】In response to your inquiry, I feel proud to inform you that what was mentioned in the video is absolutely accurate.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和what引导的主语从句） 【高分句型2】Thanks to the rapid development of technology, non-cash payments are emerging in our lives, which free us from carrying lots of heavy coins or dirty notes.（运用了which引导的定语从句） 第Ⅲ卷听力 (20分) 六. 听力。共两节，满分20分。 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1分，满分5分) 62. What are the speakers probably talking about? A. A pet. B. A car. C. A job.. 63. Why does the girl feel surprised? A The boy spent all his money so quickly. B. The boy couldn’t pay the money back. C. The boy asked their mother for money again. 64. What is the woman doing now? A. Making a funny video. B. Reading a novel. C. Watching a comedy. 65. What’s the weather like now in the woman’s city? A. - Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Windy. 66. Where does the woman plan to go first? A. To the airport. B. To a taxi company. C. To a shop. 第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分) 听下面一段对话，回答第67至第69小题。 67. How does the woman sound at first according to the man? A. Respectful. B. Impolite. C. Helpful. 68. Who is probably the man? A. A chemist. B. A professor. C. A student. 69. Where does the woman probably hope to work in the future? A. In a university. B. In a hospital. C. At a newspaper. 听下面一段对话，回答第70 至第12小题。 70. How long has the man had the computer? A. For about a month. B. For about three months. C. For about three years. 71. What will the man probably do with the computer? A. Have it repaired. B. Throw it away. C. Continue using it as before. 72. Where are most probably the speakers? A. In a computer store. B. In a cafe. C. In a classroom. 听下面一段独白，回答第73至第76小题。 73. Where will Professor Cathy Berg give a talk? A In the Union Theater. B. In the lecture hall. C. In the blue room. 74. What can students do at the English corner on Thursday afternoon? A. Discuss new activities. B. Meet the Student Union members. C. Talk with two professors. 75. At what time does Bella Mulder’s show begin? A. 7:00 p. m. B. 8:30 p. m. C. 9:00 p. m. 76 How much is a ticket for the movie Forrest Gump? A. $7. B. $6. C. $5. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$