外刊时文 阅读理解14 wildlife -2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

题型：高中阅读理解 来源：外刊读物 Passage 1 字数：203 关键词：圣诞岛红蟹 来源：BBC Wildlife Christmas Island, located in the Indian Ocean, has a fascinating natural phenomenon. It was discovered on December 25, 1643, by an English sea captain named William Mynors. The island was first named Christmas Island, and its sovereignty was transferred from the UK to Australia in 1958. The island is well - known for its red crab migration. Every year, when the conditions are right, millions of red crabs on the island begin their journey to the coast. Red crabs need a humid environment to survive. During the dry season, they stay in the rainforests in the interior of the island. They either hide underground in burrows with leaves blocking the entrances or stay deep within rock crevices. They come out from time to time to feed on fallen leaves, fruit, flowers, seedlings, and sometimes carrion or non - native giant African land snails. These red crabs play an important role in the island's rainforest ecosystem. They selectively feed on certain things, which helps maintain the balance of the ecosystem. There are no natural predators for them on the island, and with little competition for food, their population is huge. It is estimated that there are about 100 million red crabs on the island. 1. When was Christmas Island discovered? A. On December 25, 1958. B. On December 25, 1643. C. In 1958. D. In 1643. 2. What is the main reason for red crabs to stay in the rainforests during the dry season? A. To avoid predators. B. To find food easily. C. To adapt to the humid environment. D. To breed. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To introduce the discovery of Christmas Island. B. To describe the living habits of red crabs. C. To show the red crab migration on Christmas Island. D. To explain the ecosystem of Christmas Island. 4. Which of the following can be inferred from the text? A. Red crabs are harmful to the rainforest ecosystem. B. Christmas Island has a large number of tourists every year. C. The red crab population may decrease due to lack of food. D. The red crab migration is a spectacular sight. Passage 2 字数：183 关键词：秘鲁的真实帕丁顿熊 来源：BBC Wildlife The Andean bear, known as the real - life “Paddington Bear,” lives in the tropical Andes Mountains of South America. It can be found in countries like Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. The bears' habitats range from 200 to 5,000 meters above sea level, with most of them concentrated between 4,250 and 1,500 meters. As the only bear species in South America and one of the last remaining short - faced bears in the world, the Andean bear has unique physical features. It has light - colored fur on its head and chest, and there are light - colored fur patterns around its eyes, resembling glasses, which gives it the name “spectacled bear”. However, the Andean bear is in a perilous situation. Its habitats are being destroyed and fragmented due to human - related activities such as deforestation. Hunting is also a serious threat, as conflicts between humans and bears occur, and there is an illegal wildlife trade. On top of that, climate change is worsening its living conditions. Thankfully, many countries and organizations are taking action to protect this precious species. 1. Where can the Andean bear be found? (细节理解题 - 直接信息题) A. Only in Peru. B. In some South American countries. C. Throughout South America. D. Only in the Andes Mountains above 5,000 meters. 2. What is the main idea of this text? (主旨归纳题 - 文章主旨大意) A. To introduce the appearance of the Andean bear. B. To describe the living habits of the Andean bear. C. To present the threats and protection status of the Andean bear. D. To compare the Andean bear with other bear species. 3. Why is the Andean bear called the “spectacled bear”? (细节理解题 - 直接信息题) A. Because it likes to wear glasses. B. Because there are light - colored fur patterns around its eyes like glasses. C. Because it has a pair of small eyes. D. Because it has a unique face shape. 4. What can be inferred about the future of the Andean bear? (推理判断题 - 预测判断题) A. Its population will surely increase rapidly. B. It will become extinct soon without any help. C. With proper protection, its population may stabilize. D. It will migrate to other continents. Passage 3 字数：268 关键词：猫与野生动物 来源：BBC Wildlife The relationship between cats and wild animals has become a significant concern in recent times. In the Kerguelen Islands of the Indian Ocean, domestic cats were introduced in 1876. Despite the unforgiving climate, they managed to survive and have been preying on non-native species like rabbits, rats, and petrels. Alarmingly, in recent years, some cats have turned their attention to wandering albatross chicks, leading to the death of approximately 25% of them. Similarly, in Hawaii, cats have been linked to the sharp decline and even extinction of 30 types of forest birds. On the Australian continent, the impact on native marsupials and other wildlife has been severe. For instance, the brush-tailed bettongs have suffered a two-thirds mortality rate, and native hairy-nosed rats have vanished from areas where cats are present. In the United States, research indicates that free-roaming cats kill a staggering number of animals annually. They are estimated to slay between 1.3 - 4 billion birds, 6.3 - 22.3 billion mammals, 258 - 822 million reptiles, and 95 - 299 million amphibians. In the UK, a study found that its nine million cats brought home 57 million mammals and 27 million birds within just five months, suggesting that the actual number of kills could be much higher. However, public perception of cats varies across different regions. Currently, in the UK, researchers are striving to formulate guidelines based on available evidence. These guidelines aim to assist pet owners in curbing their cats' hunting instincts. Multiple organizations are also working together to promote these criteria, hoping to strike a balance between pet cats and the survival of wild animals. 1. Where were domestic cats introduced in 1876? (细节理解题 - 直接信息题) A. Hawaii B. The Australian continent C. The Kerguelen Islands D. The United States 2. What is the main idea of the text? (主旨归纳题 - 文章主旨大意) A. To describe the living habits of cats. B. To show the various species of wild animals affected by cats. C. To discuss the impact of cats on wild animals and the efforts to address it. D. To compare the cat populations in different regions. 3. In the UK, how many mammals did the nine million cats bring home in five months according to the research? (细节理解题 - 直接信息题) A. 27 million B. 57 million C. 9 million D. It doesn't mention the exact number. 4. What can be inferred from the text about the future of wild animals? (推理判断题 - 预测判断题) A. Their populations will continue to decline rapidly due to cats. B. With the implementation of guidelines, their situation may improve. C. They will adapt to the presence of cats and their numbers will stabilize. D. There will be no significant change in their populations. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$题型：高中阅读理解 来源：外刊读物 Passage 1 字数：203 关键词：圣诞岛红蟹 来源：BBC Wildlife Christmas Island, located in the Indian Ocean, has a fascinating natural phenomenon. It was discovered on December 25, 1643, by an English sea captain named William Mynors. The island was first named Christmas Island, and its sovereignty was transferred from the UK to Australia in 1958. The island is well - known for its red crab migration. Every year, when the conditions are right, millions of red crabs on the island begin their journey to the coast. Red crabs need a humid environment to survive. During the dry season, they stay in the rainforests in the interior of the island. They either hide underground in burrows with leaves blocking the entrances or stay deep within rock crevices. They come out from time to time to feed on fallen leaves, fruit, flowers, seedlings, and sometimes carrion or non - native giant African land snails. These red crabs play an important role in the island's rainforest ecosystem. They selectively feed on certain things, which helps maintain the balance of the ecosystem. There are no natural predators for them on the island, and with little competition for food, their population is huge. It is estimated that there are about 100 million red crabs on the island. 1. When was Christmas Island discovered? A. On December 25, 1958. B. On December 25, 1643. C. In 1958. D. In 1643. 2. What is the main reason for red crabs to stay in the rainforests during the dry season? A. To avoid predators. B. To find food easily. C. To adapt to the humid environment. D. To breed. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To introduce the discovery of Christmas Island. B. To describe the living habits of red crabs. C. To show the red crab migration on Christmas Island. D. To explain the ecosystem of Christmas Island. 4. Which of the following can be inferred from the text? A. Red crabs are harmful to the rainforest ecosystem. B. Christmas Island has a large number of tourists every year. C. The red crab population may decrease due to lack of food. D. The red crab migration is a spectacular sight. 答案 1. B 文中提到 “It was discovered on 25th December, 1643 by a little - known English sea captain called William Mynors”，所以答案是 B。 2. C 根据 “Red crabs need a humid environment, so most spend the dry season confined to rainforests in the island's interior” 可知，红蟹在旱季待在雨林里是因为它们需要潮湿的环境，答案是 C。 3. C 文章主要介绍了圣诞岛上红蟹的迁徙现象，所以目的是展示圣诞岛上红蟹的迁徙，答案是 C。 4. D 文中提到红蟹每年大规模迁徙是一个自然奇观，可推断出红蟹迁徙是一个壮观的景象，答案是 D。A 选项文中提到红蟹对雨林生态系统有重要作用，并非有害；B 选项文中未提及游客情况；C 选项文中说红蟹食物竞争小，并没有提到会因食物缺乏导致数量减少。 Passage 2 字数：183 关键词：秘鲁的真实帕丁顿熊 来源：BBC Wildlife The Andean bear, known as the real - life “Paddington Bear,” lives in the tropical Andes Mountains of South America. It can be found in countries like Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. The bears' habitats range from 200 to 5,000 meters above sea level, with most of them concentrated between 4,250 and 1,500 meters. As the only bear species in South America and one of the last remaining short - faced bears in the world, the Andean bear has unique physical features. It has light - colored fur on its head and chest, and there are light - colored fur patterns around its eyes, resembling glasses, which gives it the name “spectacled bear”. However, the Andean bear is in a perilous situation. Its habitats are being destroyed and fragmented due to human - related activities such as deforestation. Hunting is also a serious threat, as conflicts between humans and bears occur, and there is an illegal wildlife trade. On top of that, climate change is worsening its living conditions. Thankfully, many countries and organizations are taking action to protect this precious species. 1. Where can the Andean bear be found? (细节理解题 - 直接信息题) A. Only in Peru. B. In some South American countries. C. Throughout South America. D. Only in the Andes Mountains above 5,000 meters. 2. What is the main idea of this text? (主旨归纳题 - 文章主旨大意) A. To introduce the appearance of the Andean bear. B. To describe the living habits of the Andean bear. C. To present the threats and protection status of the Andean bear. D. To compare the Andean bear with other bear species. 3. Why is the Andean bear called the “spectacled bear”? (细节理解题 - 直接信息题) A. Because it likes to wear glasses. B. Because there are light - colored fur patterns around its eyes like glasses. C. Because it has a pair of small eyes. D. Because it has a unique face shape. 4. What can be inferred about the future of the Andean bear? (推理判断题 - 预测判断题) A. Its population will surely increase rapidly. B. It will become extinct soon without any help. C. With proper protection, its population may stabilize. D. It will migrate to other continents. 答案 1. B 文中提到安第斯熊生活在玻利维亚、哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔、秘鲁和委内瑞拉等南美洲国家，所以选 B。 2. C 文章先介绍了安第斯熊的生活地点和特征，然后重点讲述了它面临的威胁以及人们对它的保护，所以主旨是 C。 3. B 根据文中 “the light - colored fur around its eyes, resembling glasses, which gives it the name ‘spectacled bear’” 可知，答案是 B。 4. C 文中提到虽然安第斯熊面临诸多威胁，但多个国家和组织正在采取保护措施，由此可推断出如果保护得当，其种群数量可能会稳定下来，选 C。A 选项文中未提及种群会快速增加；B 选项文中提到有保护措施，不会很快灭绝；D 选项文中未提及会迁移到其他大陆。 Passage 3 字数：268 关键词：猫与野生动物 来源：BBC Wildlife The relationship between cats and wild animals has become a significant concern in recent times. In the Kerguelen Islands of the Indian Ocean, domestic cats were introduced in 1876. Despite the unforgiving climate, they managed to survive and have been preying on non-native species like rabbits, rats, and petrels. Alarmingly, in recent years, some cats have turned their attention to wandering albatross chicks, leading to the death of approximately 25% of them. Similarly, in Hawaii, cats have been linked to the sharp decline and even extinction of 30 types of forest birds. On the Australian continent, the impact on native marsupials and other wildlife has been severe. For instance, the brush-tailed bettongs have suffered a two-thirds mortality rate, and native hairy-nosed rats have vanished from areas where cats are present. In the United States, research indicates that free-roaming cats kill a staggering number of animals annually. They are estimated to slay between 1.3 - 4 billion birds, 6.3 - 22.3 billion mammals, 258 - 822 million reptiles, and 95 - 299 million amphibians. In the UK, a study found that its nine million cats brought home 57 million mammals and 27 million birds within just five months, suggesting that the actual number of kills could be much higher. However, public perception of cats varies across different regions. Currently, in the UK, researchers are striving to formulate guidelines based on available evidence. These guidelines aim to assist pet owners in curbing their cats' hunting instincts. Multiple organizations are also working together to promote these criteria, hoping to strike a balance between pet cats and the survival of wild animals. 1. Where were domestic cats introduced in 1876? (细节理解题 - 直接信息题) A. Hawaii B. The Australian continent C. The Kerguelen Islands D. The United States 2. What is the main idea of the text? (主旨归纳题 - 文章主旨大意) A. To describe the living habits of cats. B. To show the various species of wild animals affected by cats. C. To discuss the impact of cats on wild animals and the efforts to address it. D. To compare the cat populations in different regions. 3. In the UK, how many mammals did the nine million cats bring home in five months according to the research? (细节理解题 - 直接信息题) A. 27 million B. 57 million C. 9 million D. It doesn't mention the exact number. 4. What can be inferred from the text about the future of wild animals? (推理判断题 - 预测判断题) A. Their populations will continue to decline rapidly due to cats. B. With the implementation of guidelines, their situation may improve. C. They will adapt to the presence of cats and their numbers will stabilize. D. There will be no significant change in their populations. 答案 1. C 文中明确提到 “In the Kerguelen Islands of the Indian Ocean, domestic cats were introduced in 1876.”，所以答案是 C。 2. C 文章首先阐述了猫对野生动物的严重影响，接着提到了英国等地区为解决这一问题所做的努力，所以主旨是 C。 3. B 根据文中 “In the UK, a study found that its nine million cats brought home 57 million mammals and 27 million birds within just five months” 可知，答案是 B。 4. B 文中提到英国正在制定并推广减少猫捕猎行为的准则，由此可推断出如果这些准则得以实施，野生动物的生存状况可能会有所改善，所以答案是 B。A 选项过于绝对；C 选项文中未提及野生动物能适应；D 选项与文中提到的问题及解决措施不符。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$