英语（上海专用 02）（含听力）- 学易金卷：2025年高考第一次模拟考试

………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025年高考第一次模拟考试（上海专用）02 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1． A．Husband and wife. B．Boss and assistant. C．Nurse and patient. D．Manager and customer. 2． A．At a post office B．At a flower shop. C．At a department store. D．At a bus station. 3． A．He is unemployed at present. B．He owns a company now. C．He still works in the agency. D．He is unable to support his family. 4． A．At 10:00. B．At 10:20. C．At 11:00. D．At 11:20. 5． A．Satisfied. B．Relieved. C．Surprised. D．Embarrassed. 6． A．The woman didn’t post any postcard from Egypt. B．The man has never collected any postcards. C．The woman will go to Egypt for her holiday. D．The man begins to take up collecting postcards. 7． A．She can’t afford that much for a trip. B．She is fortunate to have made a lot of money. C．She doesn’t think 5,000 dollars is enough for the trip. D．She considers 5,000 dollars only a small sum of money. 8． A．He wants to buy the new car. B．He thinks his signature is necessary. C．He has already signed a contract. D．He doesn’t always say what he means. 9． A．The man had poor imagination because of the car accident. B．The man must have advised the woman to wear the seat belt. C．The woman was likely to have got seriously injured in the car accident. D．The woman wasn’t wearing the seat belt when the accident happened. 10． A．Violence sports are the source of social instability. B．Violence sports are to blame for crime and school bullying. C．Violence sports serve as an escape for negative emotions. D．Violence sports won’t attract many people’s interest in the long run. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage 11．A．To explain a new requirement for graduation. B．To interest students in a community service project. C．To discuss the problems of elementary school students. D．To involve elementary school teachers in a special program. 12．A．Providing jobs for graduating students. B．Helping education majors prepare for final exams. C．Offering tutorials to elementary school students. D．Funding for a community service project. 13．A．He teaches part-time in a local elementary school. B．He observes elementary school students in the classroom. C．He helps students who need consult prepare their resume. D．He gives support to students who participate in a special program. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14．A．They want to eat in a fashionable way like young people. B．They prefer to eat food that is tastier and more widely accepted. C．They become aware of the harm processed foods do to health. D．They try to change their way of processing foods little by little. 15．A．They contain not too many chemical additives. B．They are cultivated in the soil rich in organic matters. C．They produce as many calories as processed foods. D．They are usually grown in commercial farming areas. 16．A．They are allowed to move about and eat freely. B．They are tasty though kept in the crowded building. C．They can hardly grow in a healthy way without good food. D．They produce eggs which usually contain important vitamins.. Questions 17 through 20 are bused on the following conversation. 17．A．It was on a cross street. B．They had no time to see it. C．It had no parking space. D．They weren’t in favour of it. 18．A．It is too small in size. B．It blocks the air-conditioner. C．It admits heat from the late afternoon sun. D．It stops the sun beating down on the curtains. 19．A．Parking and desk space. B．Parking and air-conditioning. C．Privacy and cleanliness. D．A cheerful kitchen and a separate dining area. 20．A．The one on 68th Street. B．The one on 72nd Street. C．The one on 88th Street. D．The one on 80th Street. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Even Very Young Children Can Be Depressed If you doubted it, I would introduce you to Susan, who came to my office and talked constantly about her “bad feeling”. Susan 21 (lose) interest in her favorite activities, stopped playing with her friends, and told her parents that she wanted to be dead. She’d spent more time in the school nurse’s office than in her classroom. Susan was six years old and 22 (suffer) from depression. Proper treatment helped Susan recover. Without it, she might still be an unhappy child, alone and in pain. The risk for depression does tend to increase as we grow older. Depression in young children is rare but real. Rene Spitz, a 23 (note) psychological researcher, found that infants who were in an institutional orphanage after World War II refused to eat and eventually died 24 they weren’t held by their caretakers. Children have an innate need 25 (hold) and comforted. If those needs aren’t met, then even very young children can fail to thrive and may become sick and die. Approximately 1% of preschoolers experience depression; they often have great difficulty expressing their feelings, because not all of their language skills 26 (develop) sufficiently. Instead of expressing their feelings in language, the depressed preschool children are likely to show emotions by exhibiting significantly aggressive, fearful, or crying behavior. 27 most preschool children may get angry if they’re hungry, sleepy, afraid 28 their parents go away, or fail to get Daddy to buy them the latest toys, these behaviors are often carried to extremes of intensity and frequency in depressed children. Although a diagnosis of clinical depression is rare in preschool children, there are times when it is appropriate. In most cases, the child who 29 (experience) significant frustrations resulting from the death or absence of a parent, has witnessed or been victims of violence, or has had a significant health problem 30 has interrupted normal emotional or physical development. I find preschool children to be more resilient (适应力强的) than older children in dealing with these events, as long as they have a supportive parent and receive timely treatment. Section B Directions: Fill in eat blank with a proper word chosen form the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．arrives    B．observable  C． boundless.    D．contained. E. distancing. F. expansion G. lies    H. parallel    I. perceiving    J. threads    K. volume What Comes After Space? Looking at a clear night sky you witness the vastness of space, which holds everything humans know to exist. To find out what 31 beyond a good place to start is to determine where the universe ends. However, the problem is that scientist are uncertain about where space ends or whether it ends at all. The 32 universe The furthest humans can see out into space,using all the technology currently available to us,is 46 billion light years (alight year is the distance that light can travel in one year,and is equivalent to about 9. 5 million million kilometres). The 33 of space that humans can see is called the visible universe. Beyond this, it remains a mystery whether it’s an expanse of more galaxies and stars or possibly the edge of the universe. Some think that the universe is 34 , meaning space goes on forever in every direction. In this case,there is nothing after space,because space is everything. Moving further away Experts have captured images of the entire Earth from space,and some astronauts have personally witnessed its beauty from orbit. Perhaps 35 the limits of the universe would also be possible too, if only humans knew where to go to look for it. Another challenge is the universe’s rapid 36 . As galaxies move further away their light  takes longer to reach us. Eventually, some galaxies may be so distant that their light never 37 . This might imply that any edge— and whatever is on the other side — is increasingly 38 itself from us. Regardless of these uncertainties, scientists still spend a lot of time thinking about what comes after space. Many universes? It’s possible that there isn’t just one universe, and that our universe is just one small part of a “multiverse”. Perhaps our universe is 39 within its own distinct region of space, separated from others by vast expanses of nothingness. Or maybe 40 universes exist pressed tightly against each other. Getting an idea of the universe’s true shape may help astronomers find out whether it has an edge. What comes after that could be an even great mystery. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Man the Hunter, a key idea in human sciences, proposes that hunting was a major driver of human evolution and that men conducted this activity, leaving women out. It holds that human ancestors had a division of 41 , rooted in biological differences between males and females, in which males evolved to hunt and provide, and females tended to children and domestic duties. It assumes that males are 42 superior to females and that pregnancy (怀孕) and child-caring reduce or eliminate (根除) a female’s ability to hunt. Man the Hunter has dominated the study of human evolution for nearly half a century and spread through popular 43 . It is represented in museum displays and textbook figures, Saturday morning cartoons and feature films. The thing is, it’s 44 . Researchers look at the damage on our ancestors’ remains for clues to their 45 . Neandertal females and males do not vary in 46 patterns or exhibit sex differences in diseases from repetitive actions. Their skeletons show the same modes of wear and tear. This discovery implies that they were engaging in 47 activities, from hunting large game animals to processing fur for leather. Observations of recent and contemporary societies provide direct evidence of women 48 hunting. Agta people of the Philippines, 49 , hunt while pregnant and breastfeeding, and they have the same hunting success as Agta men. A recent study of cross-cultural observational data lasting the past 100 years—much of which was 50 by Man the Hunter contributors—found that women from a wide range of cultures hunt animals for food. 79 percent of the 63 societies with clear descriptions of their hunting strategies reportedly feature women 51 . The women are involved in hunting regardless of their childbearing status. Much about female exercise science and the 52 of prehistoric women remains to be discovered. But the idea that in the past men were hunters and women were not is absolutely 53 even by the limited evidence we have. Now when you think of “cave people”, we hope, you will imagine a(n) 54 group of hunters surrounding a deer or hitting stone tools together rather than a heavy-browed man with a heavy stick over one shoulder. Hunting may have been remade as a 55 activity in recent times, but for most of human history, it belonged to everyone. 41．A．food B．labor C．resource D．power 42．A．technically B．socially C．physically D．intellectually 43．A．culture B．belief C．science D．awareness 44．A．wrong B．unbelievable C．simple D．reasonable 45．A．emotion B．appearance C．diet D．behavior 46．A．injury B．interaction C．growth D．settlement 47．A．various B．identical C．outdoor D．manual 48．A．taking over B．suffering from C．longing for D．participating in 49．A．in fact B．as a whole C．for instance D．as a result 50．A．quoted B．ignored C．collected D．stored 51．A．supporters B．pioneers C．leaders D．hunters 52．A．hobbies B．status C．lives D．rights 53．A．established B．unsupported C．developed D．misguided 54．A．ever-growing B．self-governing C．mixed-sex D．multi-cultural 55．A．team B．sporting C．leisure D．male Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Montessori was born in Italy in 1870 with progressive parents, who frequently communicated with the country’s leading thinkers and scholars. This enlightened family environment provided Montessori with many advantages over other young girls of the time. Her mother’s support was vital for some important decisions, such as her enrolment in a technical school after her elementary education. Her parents’ support also proved to be essential for her decision to study medicine, a field that was dominated by men. Soon after graduating, in 1896, Montessori began work as a voluntary assistant in a clinic at the University of Rome, where she cared for children with learning difficulties. The rooms were bare, with just a few pieces of furniture. One day, she found that the children were enthusiastically playing with breadcrumbs (面包屑) that had dropped on the floor. It then occurred to her that the origin of some intellectual disabilities could be related with poverty. With the right learning materials, these and other young minds could be nurtured, Montessori concluded. The observation would lead Montessori to develop a new method of education that focused on providing optimal stimulation during the sensitive periods of childhood. At its centre was the principle that all the learning materials should be child-sized and designed to appeal to all the senses. In addition, each child should also be allowed to move and act freely, and use their creativity and problem-solving skills. Teachers took the role of guides, supporting the children without press or control. Montessori opened her first Children’s House in 1907. When the Fascists (法西斯主义者) first came into power in Italy in 1922, they initially embraced her movement. But they soon came to oppose the emphasis on the children’s freedom of expression. Montessori’s values had always been about human respect, and the rights of children and women, but the Fascists wanted to use her work and her fame. Things reached a breaking point when the Fascist tried to influence the schools’ educational content, and in 1934 Montessori and her son decided to leave Italy. She didn’t return to her homeland until 1947, and she continued to write about and develop her method until her death in 1952, at the age of 81. 56．The primary reason for Montessori to develop a new educational method was ______. A．her family’s supportive influence on her education B．her experience as a voluntary assistant in a clinic C．her observation of children playing with breadcrumbs happily D．her decision to study medicine, a field dominated by men 57．What was a central principle of Montessori’s educational method as described in the passage? A．Providing standardized, one-size-fits-all learning materials. B．Encouraging strict discipline and control over children’s actions. C．Focusing on rote memorization and competition. D．Creating a free and children-centered learning environment. 58．Montessori decided to leave Italy in 1934 because . A．she wanted to explore other countries and cultures B．she wanted to avoid the Fascist’s influence on her work C．she was offered a better job in a different country D．she wanted to retire and enjoy a peaceful life in another country 59．Which of the following words can best describe Montessori in this passage? A．Observant and innovative. B．Traditional and emotional. C．Progressive and dependent. D．Open-minded and indifferent. (B) ENTERTAINMENT|RESTAURANTS|THEATRE|FILM|MUSIC|EXHIBITIONS A notable highlight of the show was the real confidence of the singing. Sam Hall was a joy to watch, with perfect comic timing, as was Emma Williams, thoroughly believable and convincing in her role. These two young talents stole the show, in my opinion. The only disadvantage is appointments were the dancing, which showed a lack of originality, and the opening scene, which fell a little flat. Despite the occasional technical flaws, this was a highly enjoyable and greatly impressive production, which the company should be proud of. I was really looking forward to Jonathan Baker’s latest, which is set in an imagined, but realistic, London of the scar future. But I found this new effort was act down by the slightly one-dimensional characterization, and the writing is below standard for the most part : some of the early scents between Martha and her husband are slightly boring. The superb characterization and ambition that baker demonstrated in his previous novels seem to be missing here. Baker’ commitment to describing the lives of ordinary people is admirable, but the whole thing is lacking in energy. This is episode number three in the nearly twenty-year-old series, delivering a very attractive and interesting story and loads of comedy. There is some strong writing and voice acting, but the new episode chooses to go for a linear (线性的) narrative, with some puzzle included along the way, which is less involving than the theme of exploration and conversation which previous episode have depended on. Besides, the puzzle are not particularly engaging, and many of them have been seen before in other adventure games. The visuals are extremely impressive, of course, as we have come to expect, this time featuring venues in Catalonia. But overall, a slight disappointment. 60．The underlined phrase “ stole the show ” most probably means______. A．disappointed the producer B．ruined the whole performance C．attracted the most attention D．exhibited excessive confidence 61．Which of the following statements about Jonathan Baker is TRUE ? A．He excels in one-dimensional characterization. B．His novels center around ordinary people’s lives. C．His novels show consistent super characterization and ambition. D．He is passionate about presenting realistic images of future London. 62．The puzzle in episode number three______. A．are integrated in the narrative B．arc appealing to the audience C．deal with the theme of exploration D．are absent in other adventure games (C) Plugs across America The United States has around 150,000 fuel stations to re till fossil-fuel-burning vehicles. Despite the rapid growth of all-electric vehicle in America — 400,000 of them were sold in 2021, up from barely la, 000 in 2012 — the country has only 6,000 fast electric charging stations, the kind that can rapidly charge a battery-powered car. A glance at America’s charging map reveals a lot of charging deserts. This makes sense, as EVs (electric vehicle) still represent less than 3% of new car sales. Large cities have a growing number of fast charges, but not nearly enough to accommodate so many EVs. Away from cities, these charters are along interstate highways closely enough to allow electric cars safe passage. Otherwise, they are nearly nonexistent in rural America. And EV stations have a problem that gas stations don’t: “Even the fastest Tesla supercharger is still going to take 15 minutes to put a couple hundred miles on the vehicle,” says Jeremy Michalek, a professor at Carnegie Mellon University. Michalek says American charging facilities fall far behind what’ needed for the whole country to transition to electric driving. On the bright side, there is time to catch up, because not all Americans will embrace at once. Most early adopters were those with access to a charge at home in their garage or parking space. Those owners can wake up with a full battery and only need to rely on public charters when they leave town on an extended trip. But as the country gets to higher levels of EV adoption, the current facilities won’t be enough. That is why Michalek says the US needs to prioritize increasing the number of charges at rest stops along well-traveled highways, especially as more people use electric cars for summer-time road trips. “As we act to higher levels of EV adoption, if we don’t have enough chargers for peak demand, the wait times are going to be unlike what we see with gas stations,” he says. Charging dead bones will be larger as more Americans consider an EV. Renters who do not have the option to install a home charges will be hesitant to go fully electric until they can feel confident a public plug will be there when they need it. And as more households drive only electric vehicles, it will be crucial that people can get to all the places they want to go. In the best case, Michalek envisions public-private cooperation to build a national charging network. The US government has promised to install plugs throughout rural areas, while companies constructing charging stations across America will have a strong motivation to fill in the country’s biggest cities. After all, companies like Electrify America, EV go, and Charge Point charge customers of energy they use. 63．It can be learned from the 2nd paragraph that ______. A．there is a shortage of charging stations in the rural areas of America B．it takes about 15 minutes for an average charge to charge a battery-powered car C．more electric vehicles are sold than fossil-fuel burning cars in large cities in America D．there are enough charges in America considering the limited sales of new electric vehicles 64．Which of the following statements would Michalek most probably agree with ? A．Companies setting up charging stations are hesitant to go electric. B．Those who already have a home charge don’t have to find a public plug. C．Top priority needs to be given to adding more charging stations across the country. D．There is enough time to establish a charging network, because not many EVs are uscd. 65．What can be inferred about the renters ? A．Some renters don’t have the intention to go electric. B．Some renters might not be authorized to install a home charge. C．As more renters are unwilling to use public plugs, the charging dead bones are growing. D．Some renters might not have enough confidence in the public plugs for the safety reasons. 66．Who does Michalek expect to work together to establish the charging network nationwide? A．The government and some companies. B．The local government and every household. C．The charging facility providers and every family. D．The federal government and the local rural government. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Is Listening to a Book Better than Reading It? Picture yourself sitting at home in a quiet reading space, ignoring the world around you, absorbed in a tale. You read the introduction, instantly became interested and now you’re in the middle of an absolute page-turner. But, there’s a hot debate — physical books vs. e-books vs. audiobooks. Does the device you’re using to read affect your reaction to the book? 67 There’s attention span, reasoning, reading fluency, memory and language comprehension. Reading is known to strengthen communicative ability, vocabulary and increase emotional intelligence and social awareness. So, whichever way you’re reading, there are definitely benefits. But, let’s look at the pros to reading with your eyes — that’s physical books and e-books. 68 This is because when you can actually see the words, your attention is held more closely. Add to this the fact that with physical books you can go back and find any part you missed, especially if your mind wanders, which will likely happen at some point or other. On the other hand, there’s the audiobook. Headphones in, you’re switched off from life and the story really comes alive, almost like watching a film — in your head. From a scientific perspective, listening to an audiobook is likely to help you develop a fellow feeling as you hear the emotion of the narrator. 69 Hearing the story engages different parts of the brain, increasing the intensity and imagery, making you enjoy it more. Yet, going back to attention period, with an audiobook it’s true that it’s much harder to go back and listen again. 70 Perhaps, next time you find yourself browsing bookshop shelves, also consider the format. It may just change your whole literary experience. A．They help us become continuous readers. B．They can help to remember information better. C．Generally, reading uses several areas of the brain. D．We can more easily understand the changes in tones. E．All in all, it seems that there are advantages to both physical books and audiobooks. F．According to a research from Oxford University, audio books affect our reading reaction most. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Humans Evolved to Be Lonely Loneliness hurts and, over time, it can put the body into a state that increases our risk of everything from heart attack to diabetes and cancer. So, evolutionarily speaking, why do we experience it? Stephanie Cacioppo, a neuroscientist, says that countless studies have helped researchers formulate a holistic (全面的) purpose for loneliness. Being social had its downsides even back then — competition for food, for example, or contribution to the spread of pathogens (病原体). But scientists think we evolved to feel loneliness because it was more important to work with one another to accomplish tasks and protect everyone. “The pain of loneliness drove us to renew the social structure so we could survive and promote key features like trust, cooperation and collective action,” explains Cacioppo. She says that, for years, researchers thought of loneliness as a “disease with no compensatory features”.But now, they’re realizing that it’s more of a biological hunger signal that reminds us when it’s time to reconnect with those around us to promote our short-term survival. If the outcomes of loncliness were entirely negative, it would no longer be a part of our DNA．“Hunger and thirst protect our physical body while loneliness protects our social body,” says Cacioppo. Interestingly, while loneliness sends a signal to the brain that it’s time for connection, at the same time it’s also looking for danger. This “contradictory signal,” according to Cacioppo, reminds us to be careful of whether the people we are connecting with are enemies or friends. She calls this need to be watchful even as we’re socializing a “self-protection mechanism.” That means in situations where you feel lonely even when surrounded by others, you’re subconsciously thinking that this crowd might not be a good evolutionary fit for your survival. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．要做行业“天花板”，光有决心是不够的。(more than) （汉译英） 73．经历了一波三折之后，他如愿以偿地踏上了深造之旅。 (as) （汉译英） 74．在田野里奔跑，看夕阳西下，我们是多么享受简单而纯粹的童年啊！(how) （汉译英） 75．加大数字社会建设的投资力度，加速大数据产业发展是必然趋势，符合建设现代化强国的战略。（consistent）（汉译英） VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是浦润中学高三学生李青。你的学校即将举办“回眸五十年”纪念活动，你在学生会参与相关的准备工作，并负责向来宾介绍学校的变化，等等。请就此给你的英国好友Alan写封邮件交流你的想法。你的邮件必须包括： 1.介绍纪念活动的主要内容； 2.描述你所见闻的学校变化； 3.简述你对学校发展的期许。 (注：文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第7页（共8页） 试题 第8页（共8页） 试题 第5页（共8页） 试题 第6页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年高考第一次模拟考试（上海专用）02 参考答案 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） I． Listening Comprehension （25%） 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 D C B B C C A D B C 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 B C D C B C D C A B II．Grammar and Vocabulary （20%） Section A 21．had lost/lost 22．suffered/was suffering 23．noted 24．if /when 25．to be held 26．are developed/have been developed 27．While/Although/Though 28．when 29．has experienced 30．that//which Section B 31．G 32．B 33．K 34．C 35．I 36．F 37．A 38．E 39．D 40．H III．Reading Comprehension （45%） Section A 41．B 42．C 43．A 44．A 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．C 50．B 51．D 52．C 53．B 54．C 55．D Section B 56．C 57．D 58．B 59．A 60．C 61．B 62．A 63．A 64．C 65．B 66．A Section C 67．C 68．B 69．D 70．E IV．概要写作（10%） One possible version: 71．Loneliness is a painful feeling negatively influencing the body, but it may have evolved as abiological hunger signal to promote short-term survival through renewed social connections. Studies demonstrate loneliness helps drive the evolution of social structures by promoting crucial features. While signaling for connection, loneliness also reminds us to be careful of potential danger, serving as a self-protection mechanism. V. Translation （15%） 72．It takes more than determination to reach the ceiling of a profession/be the best in a profession/trade. 73．After experiencing ups and downs, he finally set off for further study as he had wished./ After experiencing ups and downs, he started his journey for further study as expected. 74．Running in the fields and watching the sun set, how much we enjoyed the simple and pure childhood! 75．It is an inevitable/ irresistible trend to increase investment in the construction of digital society and accelerate/speed up the development of big data industry, which is consistent with the strategy of building a modern and powerful country. VI. Guided Writing （25%） One possible version: 76．Dear Alan, My school is about to hold a commemorative event called “Looking Back on Fifty Years” at the end of this month. I will participate in the relevant preparations as a member of the student union and be responsible for introducing the changes in the school to guests. Because this event is so important, I need some advice from you. This commemorative event consists of three parts: inviting the principal to give a speech, leading guests to visit the school achievement exhibition and holding a celebration party, which will be significant. As is known, our school has undergone tremendous changes in the past 50 years. State-of-the-art teaching equipment and even artificial intelligence devices to assist in teaching have been equipped in our school. Besides, there are various cultural clubs and communities to enrich our leisure life. Hope my school will become better and better ! Yours, Li Qing / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年高考第一次模拟考试（上海专用）02 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1． A．Husband and wife. B．Boss and assistant. C．Nurse and patient. D．Manager and customer. 【答案】D 【原文】W: Morning, sir. I want to complain about the milk. When I opened it at home yesterday, there was a bad smell. M: Oh, I’m terribly sorry about that. I’ll deal with it right away. Q: What’s the most probable relationship between the two speakers? 2． A．At a post office B．At a flower shop. C．At a department store. D．At a bus station. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Excuse me, do you know where I can find pencil boxes? W: Yes, they are on the next floor, the stationery department. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place? 3． A．He is unemployed at present. B．He owns a company now. C．He still works in the agency. D．He is unable to support his family. 【答案】B 【原文】M: Do you know what Mike does to support his family? W: He used to work in an agency, but now he is self-employed. Q: What does the woman say about Mike? 4． A．At 10:00. B．At 10:20. C．At 11:00. D．At 11:20. 【答案】B 【原文】M: Hello. This is David Smith. I have an appointment with Doctor Jones for 10 o’clock, but I’m afraid I’ll have to be about 20 minutes late. W: That’s all right, Mr Smith. Doctor Jones doesn’t have another appointment until 1l o’clock. Q: When will Doctor Jones most probably meet Mr Smith? 5． A．Satisfied. B．Relieved. C．Surprised. D．Embarrassed. 【答案】C 【原文】M: What a pity! Jack failed to win that science award at last. W: I can’t believe it! I thought for sure he would. Q: How does the woman feel on hearing the news? 6． A．The woman didn’t post any postcard from Egypt. B．The man has never collected any postcards. C．The woman will go to Egypt for her holiday. D．The man begins to take up collecting postcards. 【答案】C 【原文】W: I’ll send Jason a postcard from Egypt when I go there on my vacation. M: I’m sure he’ll be very glad to get it. He has a collection of postcards from different countries. Q: What can be learned from the conversation? 7． A．She can’t afford that much for a trip. B．She is fortunate to have made a lot of money. C．She doesn’t think 5,000 dollars is enough for the trip. D．She considers 5,000 dollars only a small sum of money. 【答案】A 【原文】M: Do you want to go on a trip with us to New Zealand this spring? It will cost about 5,000 dollars a person. W: 5,000 dollars? Do you think I’ve just inherited a large fortune? Q: What can be inferred about the woman? 8． A．He wants to buy the new car. B．He thinks his signature is necessary. C．He has already signed a contract. D．He doesn’t always say what he means. 【答案】D 【原文】M: I don’t know whether Keven favours the new car or not. W: He said he liked it. But he didn’t want to sign a contract. Q: What can be concluded about Keven from the conversation? 9． A．The man had poor imagination because of the car accident. B．The man must have advised the woman to wear the seat belt. C．The woman was likely to have got seriously injured in the car accident. D．The woman wasn’t wearing the seat belt when the accident happened. 【答案】B 【原文】W: Thanks to the seat belt, otherwise I would have been seriously injured in the car accident. M: Yes. I can hardly imagine what would happen if you hadn’t taken my advice. Q: What can be learned from the conversation? 10． A．Violence sports are the source of social instability. B．Violence sports are to blame for crime and school bullying. C．Violence sports serve as an escape for negative emotions. D．Violence sports won’t attract many people’s interest in the long run. 【答案】C 【原文】W: Violence sports like boxing should be banned. If so, there would be less violent crime and less school bullying. M: That’s a nice argument, but these traditional sports win many people’s heart and provide a way to release negative emotions. Q: What does the man actually mean? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage 11．A．To explain a new requirement for graduation. B．To interest students in a community service project. C．To discuss the problems of elementary school students. D．To involve elementary school teachers in a special program. 12．A．Providing jobs for graduating students. B．Helping education majors prepare for final exams. C．Offering tutorials to elementary school students. D．Funding for a community service project. 13．A．He teaches part-time in a local elementary school. B．He observes elementary school students in the classroom. C．He helps students who need consult prepare their resume. D．He gives support to students who participate in a special program. 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．D 【原文】 Community service is an important part of education here at our university. We encourage all students to volunteer for at least one community activity before they graduate. A new community program called “One on One” helps elementary students who’ve fallen behind. You education majors might be especially interested in it because it offers the opportunity to do some teaching—that is, tutoring in math and English. You’d have to volunteer two hours a week for one semester. You can choose to help a child with math, English, or both. Half-hour lessons are fine, so you could do a half hour of each subject two days a week. Professor Green will act as mentor to the tutors—he’ll be available to help you with lesson plans or to offer suggestions for activities. He has office hours every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon. You can sign up for the program with him and begin the tutoring next week. I’m sure you’ll enjoy this community service and you are sure to gain valuable experience at the same time. It looks good on your résumé, too—showing that you’ve had experience with children and that you care about your community. If you’d like to sign up, or if you have any questions, stop by Professor Green’s office this week. Questions: 11. What is the main purpose of this talk? 12.What is the function of the program mentioned in the passage? 13.What does Professor Green do according to the passage? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14．A．They want to eat in a fashionable way like young people. B．They prefer to eat food that is tastier and more widely accepted. C．They become aware of the harm processed foods do to health. D．They try to change their way of processing foods little by little. 15．A．They contain not too many chemical additives. B．They are cultivated in the soil rich in organic matters. C．They produce as many calories as processed foods. D．They are usually grown in commercial farming areas. 16．A．They are allowed to move about and eat freely. B．They are tasty though kept in the crowded building. C．They can hardly grow in a healthy way without good food. D．They produce eggs which usually contain important vitamins.. 【答案】14．C 15．B 16．C 【原文】 Increasingly, over the past ten years, people — especially young people — have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed foods, is not good for the health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods: foods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers widely used in farming today. Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic matters. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been enriched by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount — but not the quality — of foods grown in commercial farming areas. Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy farms. Compare this with what happens in the mass production of animals like chickens: there are battery farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food; they also produce eggs which lack important vitamins. Questions: 14.Why have people become more interested in natural foods? 15.Which of the following statements is TRUE of natural foods? 16.What can be inferred about chickens on battery farms according to the passage? Questions 17 through 20 are bused on the following conversation. 17．A．It was on a cross street. B．They had no time to see it. C．It had no parking space. D．They weren’t in favour of it. 18．A．It is too small in size. B．It blocks the air-conditioner. C．It admits heat from the late afternoon sun. D．It stops the sun beating down on the curtains. 19．A．Parking and desk space. B．Parking and air-conditioning. C．Privacy and cleanliness. D．A cheerful kitchen and a separate dining area. 20．A．The one on 68th Street. B．The one on 72nd Street. C．The one on 88th Street. D．The one on 80th Street. 【答案】17．D 18．C 19．A 20．B 【原文】M: Well, Shirley, now that we’ve seen the three apartments, which one do you like best? W: I don’t know, Brad. I know one thing. I didn’t like the one on the 68th Street. M: Neither did I. Let’s cross that one off. That leaves the 72nd Street one and the 80th Street one. W: The one on the 80th Street has a better view, and a very cheerful kitchen. M: Yes, and I like the carpeting in the hall. It was clean. But there was no good place to put a desk. W: That’s true. You should always put it in a corner of the living room, but then you wouldn’t have any privacy, and the bedroom was too small. M: Right. And I do need to be able to leave my work out on the desk without having it looked into by visitors. W: Oh, Brad, we don’t have that kind of visitors! But I do agree the desk shouldn’t be in the living room. It is a constant reminder of unfinished work. What about the 72nd Street apartment? It has a dining area. We could eat in the kitchen, and put the desk in the dining area. It’s more private there. M: Yes, that sounds OK. Only, what I didn’t like about that place was the west window. It gets quite hot in the late afternoon with the sun beating down on the window. W: Didn’t you notice the air conditioner? M: No. Was there one? W: Yes. And we could improve on the curtains, too. M: That place did have the best parking facilities of the three. W: Yes. I think that apartment is best for your needs. There’s good parking, and there’s a semi-private area for your desk. That takes care of the daily activities. M: OK. Let’s take that one. Questions: 17.Why did Brad and Shirley give up the apartment on the 68th Street? 18.According to the man, what is wrong with the west window of the 72nd Street apartment? 19.Which considerations are crucial in Brad and Shirley’s choice of an apartment? 20.Which apartment do the speakers decide to rent? II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Even Very Young Children Can Be Depressed If you doubted it, I would introduce you to Susan, who came to my office and talked constantly about her “bad feeling”. Susan 21 (lose) interest in her favorite activities, stopped playing with her friends, and told her parents that she wanted to be dead. She’d spent more time in the school nurse’s office than in her classroom. Susan was six years old and 22 (suffer) from depression. Proper treatment helped Susan recover. Without it, she might still be an unhappy child, alone and in pain. The risk for depression does tend to increase as we grow older. Depression in young children is rare but real. Rene Spitz, a 23 (note) psychological researcher, found that infants who were in an institutional orphanage after World War II refused to eat and eventually died 24 they weren’t held by their caretakers. Children have an innate need 25 (hold) and comforted. If those needs aren’t met, then even very young children can fail to thrive and may become sick and die. Approximately 1% of preschoolers experience depression; they often have great difficulty expressing their feelings, because not all of their language skills 26 (develop) sufficiently. Instead of expressing their feelings in language, the depressed preschool children are likely to show emotions by exhibiting significantly aggressive, fearful, or crying behavior. 27 most preschool children may get angry if they’re hungry, sleepy, afraid 28 their parents go away, or fail to get Daddy to buy them the latest toys, these behaviors are often carried to extremes of intensity and frequency in depressed children. Although a diagnosis of clinical depression is rare in preschool children, there are times when it is appropriate. In most cases, the child who 29 (experience) significant frustrations resulting from the death or absence of a parent, has witnessed or been victims of violence, or has had a significant health problem 30 has interrupted normal emotional or physical development. I find preschool children to be more resilient (适应力强的) than older children in dealing with these events, as long as they have a supportive parent and receive timely treatment. 【答案】 21．had lost/lost 22．suffered/was suffering 23．noted 24．if /when 25．to be held 26．are developed/have been developed 27．While/Although/Though 28．when 29．has experienced 30．that//which 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了甚至非常小的孩子也会抑郁，作者分析了其中的原因，并表示只要有父母的支持和及时的治疗，这些孩子会表现得更好。 21．考查动词时态。句意：苏珊对她喜欢的活动失去了兴趣，不再和她的朋友一起玩，并告诉她的父母她想死。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，根据后文的“stopped”以及“and told”可知这是三个连续的动作，应使用一般过去时。或者，此处的动作发生在“stopped”以及“and told”这两个动作之前，应使用过去完成时，故填had lost/lost。 22．考查动词时态。句意：苏珊六岁，患有抑郁症。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，根据前面的“was”可知应使用一般过去时；或者过去的一种状态，强调持续进行，使用过去进行时，故填suffered/was suffering。 23．考查形容词。句意：Rene Spitz是一名著名的心理学研究者，他发现二战后孤儿院里的婴儿没有得到看护者的照顾时，就会拒绝进食并最终死亡。分析句子可知，空格处为定语修饰名词researcher，应使用noted，故填noted。 24．考查状语从句连接词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处缺少状语从句连接词，此处可以表示条件，也可以表示时间，因此可以使用连接词if引导条件状语从句或者when引导时间状语从句，故填if /when。 25．考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子有一种与生俱来拥抱和安慰的需求。分析句子可知，空格处为后置定语修饰名词need，应使用不定式形式，表示的意思是“被拥抱”，应使用不定式的不定式，故填to be held。 26．考查动词。句意：他们经常很难表达自己的感情，因为他们的语言能力并没有得到充分的发展。分析句子可知，空格处为原因状语从句的谓语部分，根据句意以及前面的have可知，应使用一般现在时，主语skills和动词develop是被动关系，应使用一般现在时被动语态；或者，表示对现在的影响，应使用现在完成时的被动语态，故填are developed/have been developed。 27．考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管大多数学龄前儿童在父母离开时，如果他们饿了、困了、害怕了，或者没有让爸爸给他们买最新的玩具，他们可能会生气，但在抑郁的儿童中，这些行为往往会达到极端的强度和频率。分析句子可知，空格处为让步状语从句引导词，用While/Although/Though表示“尽管”，故填While/Although/Though。 28．考查时间状语从句。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处为时间状语从句引导词，应使用连接副词when，故填when。 29．考查动词时态。句意：在大多数情况下，儿童因父母的死亡或缺席而经历重大挫折，目睹或成为暴力的受害者，或有严重的健康问题，从而中断了正常的情绪或身体发展。分析句子可知，空格处为，根据后文的“has witnessed”可知，此处应使用现在完成时，故填has experienced。 30．考查定语从句。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处为定语从句引导词，先行词是problem，定语从句缺少主语，应使用that或者which，故填that/which。 Section B Directions: Fill in eat blank with a proper word chosen form the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．arrives    B．observable  C． boundless.    D．contained. E. distancing. F. expansion G. lies    H. parallel    I. perceiving    J. threads    K. volume What Comes After Space? Looking at a clear night sky you witness the vastness of space, which holds everything humans know to exist. To find out what 31 beyond a good place to start is to determine where the universe ends. However, the problem is that scientist are uncertain about where space ends or whether it ends at all. The 32 universe The furthest humans can see out into space,using all the technology currently available to us,is 46 billion light years (alight year is the distance that light can travel in one year,and is equivalent to about 9. 5 million million kilometres). The 33 of space that humans can see is called the visible universe. Beyond this, it remains a mystery whether it’s an expanse of more galaxies and stars or possibly the edge of the universe. Some think that the universe is 34 , meaning space goes on forever in every direction. In this case,there is nothing after space,because space is everything. Moving further away Experts have captured images of the entire Earth from space,and some astronauts have personally witnessed its beauty from orbit. Perhaps 35 the limits of the universe would also be possible too, if only humans knew where to go to look for it. Another challenge is the universe’s rapid 36 . As galaxies move further away their light  takes longer to reach us. Eventually, some galaxies may be so distant that their light never 37 . This might imply that any edge— and whatever is on the other side — is increasingly 38 itself from us. Regardless of these uncertainties, scientists still spend a lot of time thinking about what comes after space. Many universes? It’s possible that there isn’t just one universe, and that our universe is just one small part of a “multiverse”. Perhaps our universe is 39 within its own distinct region of space, separated from others by vast expanses of nothingness. Or maybe 40 universes exist pressed tightly against each other. Getting an idea of the universe’s true shape may help astronomers find out whether it has an edge. What comes after that could be an even great mystery. 【答案】 31．G 32．B 33．K 34．C 35．I 36．F 37．A 38．E 39．D 40．H 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。看着晴朗的夜空，你会看到浩瀚的太空，它容纳了人类所知道的一切。太空之后是什么？作者分享了几个有关太空的谜团。 31．考查动词。句意：找到一个好的起点之外的东西就是确定宇宙的终点。分析句子可知，空格处是what引导的宾语从句的谓语动词；根据句中is to determine where the universe ends 可知，此处应用一般现在时态。主语是单数，故谓语动词应用单数第三人称形式。根据句意，此处指“好的起点之外还有什么”，故选lies。故选G。 32．考查形容词。句意：可观测的宇宙。此处是一个名词短语，空格处应填入形容词作定语。根据句意，此处指“可观测的宇宙”，故选observable。故选B。 33．考查名词。句意：人类所能看到的空间体积被称为可见宇宙。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作主语。根据句意，此处指“体积”，故选volume。故选K。 34．考查形容词。句意：有些人认为宇宙是无边际的，这意味着空间永远朝着各个方向发展。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作表语。根据句意及句中“meaning space goes on forever in every direction”可知，此处指“无边际的”，故选 boundless。故选C。 35．考查动名词。句意：如果人类知道去哪里寻找宇宙，也许感知宇宙的极限也是可能的。分析句子可知，空格处应填入动名词作主语。根据句意及句中“if only humans knew where to go to look for it”可知，此处指“感知”，故选perceiving 。故选I。 36．考查名词。句意：另一个挑战是宇宙的快速扩张。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作表语。根据句意，此处指“扩张”，故选 expansion。故选F。 37．考查动词。句意：最终，一些星系可能离我们太远，以至于它们的光永远不会到达。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据上下文可知，此处应用一般现在时态，且主语 their light 是单数，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。根据句意，此处指“到达”，故选arrives 。故选A。 38．考查时态。句意：这可能意味着，任何边缘——以及另一边的边缘——都在与我们越来越疏远。根据空前is increasingly可知，空处应填入现在分词，构成现在进行时。根据句意，此处指“与……疏远”，故选distancing。故选E。 39．考查时态语态。句意：也许我们的宇宙包含在它自己独特的空间区域内，与其他宇宙被浩瀚的虚无所分隔。根据空前is可知，空处应填入过去分词构成一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意，此处指“包含”，故选contained。故选D。 40．考查形容词。句意：或者也许平行的宇宙紧紧地压在一起。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语。根据句意，此处指“平行的”，故选 parallel。故选H。 III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Man the Hunter, a key idea in human sciences, proposes that hunting was a major driver of human evolution and that men conducted this activity, leaving women out. It holds that human ancestors had a division of 41 , rooted in biological differences between males and females, in which males evolved to hunt and provide, and females tended to children and domestic duties. It assumes that males are 42 superior to females and that pregnancy (怀孕) and child-caring reduce or eliminate (根除) a female’s ability to hunt. Man the Hunter has dominated the study of human evolution for nearly half a century and spread through popular 43 . It is represented in museum displays and textbook figures, Saturday morning cartoons and feature films. The thing is, it’s 44 . Researchers look at the damage on our ancestors’ remains for clues to their 45 . Neandertal females and males do not vary in 46 patterns or exhibit sex differences in diseases from repetitive actions. Their skeletons show the same modes of wear and tear. This discovery implies that they were engaging in 47 activities, from hunting large game animals to processing fur for leather. Observations of recent and contemporary societies provide direct evidence of women 48 hunting. Agta people of the Philippines, 49 , hunt while pregnant and breastfeeding, and they have the same hunting success as Agta men. A recent study of cross-cultural observational data lasting the past 100 years—much of which was 50 by Man the Hunter contributors—found that women from a wide range of cultures hunt animals for food. 79 percent of the 63 societies with clear descriptions of their hunting strategies reportedly feature women 51 . The women are involved in hunting regardless of their childbearing status. Much about female exercise science and the 52 of prehistoric women remains to be discovered. But the idea that in the past men were hunters and women were not is absolutely 53 even by the limited evidence we have. Now when you think of “cave people”, we hope, you will imagine a(n) 54 group of hunters surrounding a deer or hitting stone tools together rather than a heavy-browed man with a heavy stick over one shoulder. Hunting may have been remade as a 55 activity in recent times, but for most of human history, it belonged to everyone. 41．A．food B．labor C．resource D．power 42．A．technically B．socially C．physically D．intellectually 43．A．culture B．belief C．science D．awareness 44．A．wrong B．unbelievable C．simple D．reasonable 45．A．emotion B．appearance C．diet D．behavior 46．A．injury B．interaction C．growth D．settlement 47．A．various B．identical C．outdoor D．manual 48．A．taking over B．suffering from C．longing for D．participating in 49．A．in fact B．as a whole C．for instance D．as a result 50．A．quoted B．ignored C．collected D．stored 51．A．supporters B．pioneers C．leaders D．hunters 52．A．hobbies B．status C．lives D．rights 53．A．established B．unsupported C．developed D．misguided 54．A．ever-growing B．self-governing C．mixed-sex D．multi-cultural 55．A．team B．sporting C．leisure D．male 【答案】 41．B 42．C 43．A 44．A 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．C 50．B 51．D 52．C 53．B 54．C 55．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，该研究认为女性也是人类历史中重要的狩猎者，而不只是男性。文章详述了研究的过程 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该理论认为，人类祖先有一种劳动分工，其根源在于男女之间的生理差异，在这种分工中，男性进化为狩猎和供养，而女性则倾向于抚养孩子和承担家务。A. food食物；B. labor劳动；C. resource资源；D. power权力。根据后文的“in which males evolved to hunt and provide, and females tended to children and domestic duties.”可知，男性进化为狩猎和供养，而女性则倾向于抚养孩子和承担家务，这是一种劳动分工。故选B项。 42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它认为男性在身体上优于女性，怀孕和照顾孩子会降低或消除女性的狩猎能力。A. technically技术上；B. socially社会上；C. physically物理上；D. intellectually智力上。根据后文的“ pregnancy (怀孕) and child-caring reduce or eliminate (根除) a female’s ability to hunt.”可知，它认为男性在身体上优于女性。故选C项。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人类猎人在人类进化研究中占据主导地位近半个世纪，并通过流行文化传播。A. culture文化；B. belief信念；C. science科学；D. awareness意识。根据后文的“It is represented in museum displays and textbook figures, Saturday morning cartoons and feature films.”可知，它在博物馆展览、教科书人物、周六上午的卡通片和故事片中都有体现，即通过流行文化传播。故选A项。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：问题是，这是错误的。A. wrong错误的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. simple简单的；D. reasonable公平的。根据前文的“Man the Hunter has dominated the study of human evolution for nearly half a century and spread through popular 3”和后文的“Neandertal females and males do not vary in 6 patterns or exhibit sex differences in diseases from repetitive actions. ”和“Observations of recent and contemporary societies provide direct evidence of women 8 hunting.”可知，妇女参与狩猎，故前面的观点是错的。故选A项。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员通过观察我们祖先遗骸上的损伤来寻找他们行为的线索。A. emotion情绪；B. appearance外观；C. diet饮食；D. behavior行为。根据前文的“Researchers look at the damage on our ancestors’ remains”可知，损伤是行为导致的，故研究人员通过观察我们祖先遗骸上的损伤来寻找他们行为的线索。故选D项。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尼安德特人女性和男性在受伤模式上没有差异，在重复动作引起的疾病上也没有性别差异。A. injury伤害；B. interaction相互作用；C. growth生长；D. settlement解决。根据前文的“Researchers look at the damage on our ancestors’ remains”可知，研究人员观察我们祖先遗骸上的损伤，故研究了女性和男性的受伤模式。故选A项。 47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一发现意味着他们从事相同的活动，从狩猎大型野生动物到加工皮革。A. various各种的；B. identical相同的；C. outdoor室外的；D. manual手动的。根据前文的“Neandertal females and males do not vary in 6 patterns or exhibit sex differences in diseases from repetitive actions.”可知，尼安德特人女性和男性在受伤模式上没有差异，故这一发现意味着他们从事相同的活动。故选B项。 48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：对近代和当代社会的观察提供了妇女参与狩猎的直接证据。A. taking over接管；B. suffering from遭受；C. longing for渴望；D. participating in参与。根据后文的“Agta people of the Philippines, 9, hunt while pregnant and breastfeeding, and they have the same hunting success as Agta men.”可知，妇女参与狩猎。故选D项。 49．考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，菲律宾的阿格塔人在怀孕和哺乳期间狩猎，她们的狩猎成功率与阿格塔男人相同。A. in fact事实上；B. as a whole作为一个整体；C. for instance例如；D. as a result因此。根据前文的“Observations of recent and contemporary societies provide direct evidence of women 8 hunting.”和“Agta people of the Philippines”以及后文“hunt while pregnant and breastfeeding, and they have the same hunting success as Agta men.”可知，本空所在句子是对第一句进行举例说明。故选C项。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近一项对过去100年的跨文化观察数据的研究发现，来自不同文化背景的女性都以捕猎动物为食，其中很多都被“男性狩猎”的贡献者忽略了。A. quoted引用；B. ignored忽略；C. collected收集；D. stored存储。根据后文的“by Man the Hunter contributors”以及“women from a wide range of cultures hunt animals for food”可知，来自不同文化背景的女性都以捕猎动物为食，这件事被“男性是狩猎”的贡献者忽略了。故选B项。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：据报道，在63个明确描述其狩猎策略的社会中，79%的社会以女性猎人为特征。A. supporters支持者；B. pioneers先驱者；C. leaders领导者；D. hunters猎人。根据后文的“The women are involved in hunting regardless of their childbearing status.”可知，女性参与狩猎故本句谈论的是女性猎人。故选D项。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于女性运动科学和史前女性的生活还有很多有待发现。A. hobbies爱好；B. status状态；C. lives生活；D. rights权利。根据前文的“79 percent of the 63 societies with clear descriptions of their hunting strategies reportedly feature women 11. The women are involved in hunting regardless of their childbearing status.”可知，研究人员研究了女性的生活，因此关于女性运动科学和史前女性的生活还有很多有待发现。故选C项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，过去男人是猎人而女人不是的观点，即使是我们所拥有的有限证据，也绝对没有证据支持。A. established建立；B. unsupported无支撑；C. developed发展；D. misguided误导。根据前文的“79 percent of the 63 societies with clear descriptions of their hunting strategies reportedly feature women 11. ”和“in the past men were hunters and women were not”可知，过去男人是猎人而女人不是的观点是没有证据支持。故选B项。 54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，当你想到“穴居人”时，我们希望，你会想到一群男女混合的猎人围绕着一只鹿，或者一起敲打石器，而不是一个眉毛浓密、单肩扛着一根粗棍的男人。A. ever-growing不断增长的；B. self-governing自治；C. mixed-sex男女混合；D. multi-cultural多元文化。根据前文的“79 percent of the 63 societies with clear descriptions of their hunting strategies reportedly feature women 11. The women are involved in hunting regardless of their childbearing status.”可知，打猎是男女混合的行动。故选C项。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最近的时代，狩猎可能已经被改造为男性的活动，但在人类历史的大部分时间里，它属于每个人。A. team团队；B. sporting体育；C. leisure休闲；D. male男性。根据后文的“but for most of human history, it belonged to everyone.”可知，后文与前文构成转折，故逗号前表达“在最近的时代，狩猎可能已经被改造为男性的活动”。故选D项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Montessori was born in Italy in 1870 with progressive parents, who frequently communicated with the country’s leading thinkers and scholars. This enlightened family environment provided Montessori with many advantages over other young girls of the time. Her mother’s support was vital for some important decisions, such as her enrolment in a technical school after her elementary education. Her parents’ support also proved to be essential for her decision to study medicine, a field that was dominated by men. Soon after graduating, in 1896, Montessori began work as a voluntary assistant in a clinic at the University of Rome, where she cared for children with learning difficulties. The rooms were bare, with just a few pieces of furniture. One day, she found that the children were enthusiastically playing with breadcrumbs (面包屑) that had dropped on the floor. It then occurred to her that the origin of some intellectual disabilities could be related with poverty. With the right learning materials, these and other young minds could be nurtured, Montessori concluded. The observation would lead Montessori to develop a new method of education that focused on providing optimal stimulation during the sensitive periods of childhood. At its centre was the principle that all the learning materials should be child-sized and designed to appeal to all the senses. In addition, each child should also be allowed to move and act freely, and use their creativity and problem-solving skills. Teachers took the role of guides, supporting the children without press or control. Montessori opened her first Children’s House in 1907. When the Fascists (法西斯主义者) first came into power in Italy in 1922, they initially embraced her movement. But they soon came to oppose the emphasis on the children’s freedom of expression. Montessori’s values had always been about human respect, and the rights of children and women, but the Fascists wanted to use her work and her fame. Things reached a breaking point when the Fascist tried to influence the schools’ educational content, and in 1934 Montessori and her son decided to leave Italy. She didn’t return to her homeland until 1947, and she continued to write about and develop her method until her death in 1952, at the age of 81. 56．The primary reason for Montessori to develop a new educational method was ______. A．her family’s supportive influence on her education B．her experience as a voluntary assistant in a clinic C．her observation of children playing with breadcrumbs happily D．her decision to study medicine, a field dominated by men 57．What was a central principle of Montessori’s educational method as described in the passage? A．Providing standardized, one-size-fits-all learning materials. B．Encouraging strict discipline and control over children’s actions. C．Focusing on rote memorization and competition. D．Creating a free and children-centered learning environment. 58．Montessori decided to leave Italy in 1934 because . A．she wanted to explore other countries and cultures B．she wanted to avoid the Fascist’s influence on her work C．she was offered a better job in a different country D．she wanted to retire and enjoy a peaceful life in another country 59．Which of the following words can best describe Montessori in this passage? A．Observant and innovative. B．Traditional and emotional. C．Progressive and dependent. D．Open-minded and indifferent. 【答案】56．C 57．D 58．B 59．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了教育家蒙台梭利是如何发展出新的教育方法的，其教育方法的特色以及影响。 56．细节理解题。根据第三段“One day, she found that the children were enthusiastically playing with breadcrumbs (面包屑) that had dropped on the floor. It then occurred to her that the origin of some intellectual disabilities could be related with poverty.(一天，她发现孩子们正兴高采烈地玩着掉在地上的面包屑。她突然想到，一些智力缺陷的根源可能与贫穷有关)”可知，蒙台梭利发展一种新的教育方法的主要原因是她观察到孩子们开心地玩面包屑。故选C。 57．细节理解题。根据第五段“At its centre was the principle that all the learning materials should be child-sized and designed to appeal to all the senses. In addition, each child should also be allowed to move and act freely, and use their creativity and problem-solving skills. Teachers took the role of guides, supporting the children without press or control.(它的核心原则是，所有的学习材料都应该适合儿童，并设计成能吸引所有感官。此外，每个孩子也应该被允许自由移动和行动，并发挥他们的创造力和解决问题的能力。老师们扮演了向导的角色，在没有压力和控制的情况下支持孩子们)”可知，文中所描述的蒙台梭利教育方法的核心原则是营造自由、以儿童为中心的学习环境。故选D。 58．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Things reached a breaking point when the Fascist tried to influence the schools’  educational content, and in 1934 Montessori and her son decided to leave Italy.(当法西斯主义者试图影响学校的教育内容时，事情达到了一个突破点，1934年蒙台梭利和她的儿子决定离开意大利)”可知，1934年，蒙台梭利决定离开意大利，因为她想避免法西斯分子对她工作的影响。故选B。 59．推理判断题。根据第四段“The observation would lead Montessori to develop a new method of education that focused on providing optimal stimulation during the sensitive periods of childhood.(这一观察结果将引导蒙台梭利发展一种新的教育方法，专注于在儿童的敏感时期提供最佳的刺激)”以及倒数第二段“Montessori opened her first Children’s House in 1907.(1907年，蒙台梭利开办了她的第一所儿童之家)”可推知，蒙台梭利是善于观察和创新的。故选A。 (B) ENTERTAINMENT|RESTAURANTS|THEATRE|FILM|MUSIC|EXHIBITIONS A notable highlight of the show was the real confidence of the singing. Sam Hall was a joy to watch, with perfect comic timing, as was Emma Williams, thoroughly believable and convincing in her role. These two young talents stole the show, in my opinion. The only disadvantage is appointments were the dancing, which showed a lack of originality, and the opening scene, which fell a little flat. Despite the occasional technical flaws, this was a highly enjoyable and greatly impressive production, which the company should be proud of. I was really looking forward to Jonathan Baker’s latest, which is set in an imagined, but realistic, London of the scar future. But I found this new effort was act down by the slightly one-dimensional characterization, and the writing is below standard for the most part : some of the early scents between Martha and her husband are slightly boring. The superb characterization and ambition that baker demonstrated in his previous novels seem to be missing here. Baker’ commitment to describing the lives of ordinary people is admirable, but the whole thing is lacking in energy. This is episode number three in the nearly twenty-year-old series, delivering a very attractive and interesting story and loads of comedy. There is some strong writing and voice acting, but the new episode chooses to go for a linear (线性的) narrative, with some puzzle included along the way, which is less involving than the theme of exploration and conversation which previous episode have depended on. Besides, the puzzle are not particularly engaging, and many of them have been seen before in other adventure games. The visuals are extremely impressive, of course, as we have come to expect, this time featuring venues in Catalonia. But overall, a slight disappointment. 60．The underlined phrase “ stole the show ” most probably means______. A．disappointed the producer B．ruined the whole performance C．attracted the most attention D．exhibited excessive confidence 61．Which of the following statements about Jonathan Baker is TRUE ? A．He excels in one-dimensional characterization. B．His novels center around ordinary people’s lives. C．His novels show consistent super characterization and ambition. D．He is passionate about presenting realistic images of future London. 62．The puzzle in episode number three______. A．are integrated in the narrative B．arc appealing to the audience C．deal with the theme of exploration D．are absent in other adventure games 【答案】60．C 61．B 62．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是对一场表演、一个作家以及一部剧集的评价。 60．词句猜测题。根据第一部分“Sam Hall was a joy to watch, with perfect comic timing, as was Emma Williams, thoroughly believable and convincing in her role.(山姆·霍尔是一种观看的乐趣，有着完美的喜剧时机，艾玛·威廉姆斯也是如此，她在她的角色中完全可信和令人信服)”可知，这两个年轻人因为其表演吸引了最多的注意，故画线词意思是“吸引了最多的注意”。故选C。 61．细节理解题。根据第二部分“Baker’ commitment to describing the lives of ordinary people is admirable, but the whole thing is lacking in energy.(贝克致力于描述普通人的生活，这是令人钦佩的，但整件事缺乏活力)”可知，B选项“他的小说以普通人的生活为中心”正确。故选B。 62．细节理解题。根据第三部分“There is some strong writing and voice acting, but the new episode chooses to go for a linear (线性的) narrative, with some puzzle included along the way, which is less involving than the theme of exploration and conversation which previous episode have depended on.(有一些强大的写作和配音，但新章节选择了线性叙事，沿途包含一些谜题，这比前一章节所依赖的探索和对话主题更少涉及)”可知，第三章中的谜题与叙事相结合。故选A。 (C) Plugs across America The United States has around 150,000 fuel stations to re till fossil-fuel-burning vehicles. Despite the rapid growth of all-electric vehicle in America — 400,000 of them were sold in 2021, up from barely la, 000 in 2012 — the country has only 6,000 fast electric charging stations, the kind that can rapidly charge a battery-powered car. A glance at America’s charging map reveals a lot of charging deserts. This makes sense, as EVs (electric vehicle) still represent less than 3% of new car sales. Large cities have a growing number of fast charges, but not nearly enough to accommodate so many EVs. Away from cities, these charters are along interstate highways closely enough to allow electric cars safe passage. Otherwise, they are nearly nonexistent in rural America. And EV stations have a problem that gas stations don’t: “Even the fastest Tesla supercharger is still going to take 15 minutes to put a couple hundred miles on the vehicle,” says Jeremy Michalek, a professor at Carnegie Mellon University. Michalek says American charging facilities fall far behind what’ needed for the whole country to transition to electric driving. On the bright side, there is time to catch up, because not all Americans will embrace at once. Most early adopters were those with access to a charge at home in their garage or parking space. Those owners can wake up with a full battery and only need to rely on public charters when they leave town on an extended trip. But as the country gets to higher levels of EV adoption, the current facilities won’t be enough. That is why Michalek says the US needs to prioritize increasing the number of charges at rest stops along well-traveled highways, especially as more people use electric cars for summer-time road trips. “As we act to higher levels of EV adoption, if we don’t have enough chargers for peak demand, the wait times are going to be unlike what we see with gas stations,” he says. Charging dead bones will be larger as more Americans consider an EV. Renters who do not have the option to install a home charges will be hesitant to go fully electric until they can feel confident a public plug will be there when they need it. And as more households drive only electric vehicles, it will be crucial that people can get to all the places they want to go. In the best case, Michalek envisions public-private cooperation to build a national charging network. The US government has promised to install plugs throughout rural areas, while companies constructing charging stations across America will have a strong motivation to fill in the country’s biggest cities. After all, companies like Electrify America, EV go, and Charge Point charge customers of energy they use. 63．It can be learned from the 2nd paragraph that ______. A．there is a shortage of charging stations in the rural areas of America B．it takes about 15 minutes for an average charge to charge a battery-powered car C．more electric vehicles are sold than fossil-fuel burning cars in large cities in America D．there are enough charges in America considering the limited sales of new electric vehicles 64．Which of the following statements would Michalek most probably agree with ? A．Companies setting up charging stations are hesitant to go electric. B．Those who already have a home charge don’t have to find a public plug. C．Top priority needs to be given to adding more charging stations across the country. D．There is enough time to establish a charging network, because not many EVs are uscd. 65．What can be inferred about the renters ? A．Some renters don’t have the intention to go electric. B．Some renters might not be authorized to install a home charge. C．As more renters are unwilling to use public plugs, the charging dead bones are growing. D．Some renters might not have enough confidence in the public plugs for the safety reasons. 66．Who does Michalek expect to work together to establish the charging network nationwide? A．The government and some companies. B．The local government and every household. C．The charging facility providers and every family. D．The federal government and the local rural government. 【答案】63．A 64．C 65．B 66．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了尽管全电动汽车在美国增长迅速——从2012年的不到1000辆增长到2021年的40万辆——但美国只有6000个快速充电站，这种快速充电站可以为电池驱动的汽车快速充电。文章主要介绍了美国充电站不足的现状以及解决建议。 63．细节理解题。根据第二段“Otherwise, they are nearly nonexistent in rural America.(除此之外，它们在美国农村几乎不存在)”可知，美国农村地区充电站不足。故选A。 64．细节理解题。根据第三段“That is why Michalek says the US needs to prioritize increasing the number of charges at rest stops along well-traveled highways, especially as more people use electric cars for summer-time road trips.(这就是为什么Michalek说，美国需要优先增加交通繁忙的高速公路上休息站的充电数量，尤其是越来越多的人在夏季使用电动汽车进行公路旅行)”可知，Michalek会认同当务之急是在全国范围内增加更多的充电站。故选C。 65．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Renters who do not have the option to install a home charges will be hesitant to go fully electric until they can feel confident a public plug will be there when they need it.(没有选择安装家庭充电器的租户会犹豫是否要完全电动，直到他们确信在他们需要的时候会有一个公共插头)”可推知，一些租客可能没有被授权安装家庭充电站。故选B。 66．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In the best case, Michalek envisions public-private cooperation to build a national charging network. The US government has promised to install plugs throughout rural areas, while companies constructing charging stations across America will have a strong motivation to fill in the country’s biggest cities. After all, companies like Electrify America, EV go, and Charge Point charge customers of energy they use.(在最好的情况下，Michalek设想公私合作建立一个全国性的充电网络。美国政府已承诺在整个农村地区安装充电插头，而在美国各地建设充电站的公司将有强大的动力在该国最大的城市充电。毕竟，像Electrify America, EV go和Charge Point这样的公司会向客户收取他们使用能源的费用)”可知，Michalek希望与政府和一些公司合作建立全国范围内的充电网络。故选A。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Is Listening to a Book Better than Reading It? Picture yourself sitting at home in a quiet reading space, ignoring the world around you, absorbed in a tale. You read the introduction, instantly became interested and now you’re in the middle of an absolute page-turner. But, there’s a hot debate — physical books vs. e-books vs. audiobooks. Does the device you’re using to read affect your reaction to the book? 67 There’s attention span, reasoning, reading fluency, memory and language comprehension. Reading is known to strengthen communicative ability, vocabulary and increase emotional intelligence and social awareness. So, whichever way you’re reading, there are definitely benefits. But, let’s look at the pros to reading with your eyes — that’s physical books and e-books. 68 This is because when you can actually see the words, your attention is held more closely. Add to this the fact that with physical books you can go back and find any part you missed, especially if your mind wanders, which will likely happen at some point or other. On the other hand, there’s the audiobook. Headphones in, you’re switched off from life and the story really comes alive, almost like watching a film — in your head. From a scientific perspective, listening to an audiobook is likely to help you develop a fellow feeling as you hear the emotion of the narrator. 69 Hearing the story engages different parts of the brain, increasing the intensity and imagery, making you enjoy it more. Yet, going back to attention period, with an audiobook it’s true that it’s much harder to go back and listen again. 70 Perhaps, next time you find yourself browsing bookshop shelves, also consider the format. It may just change your whole literary experience. A．They help us become continuous readers. B．They can help to remember information better. C．Generally, reading uses several areas of the brain. D．We can more easily understand the changes in tones. E．All in all, it seems that there are advantages to both physical books and audiobooks. F．According to a research from Oxford University, audio books affect our reading reaction most. 【答案】67．C 68．B 69．D 70．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是看书和听书各自的优点。 67．根据下文“There’s attention span, reasoning, reading fluency, memory and language comprehension. Reading is known to strengthen communicative ability, vocabulary and increase emotional intelligence and social awareness.(包括注意力持续时间、推理能力、阅读流畅性、记忆力和语言理解能力。众所周知，阅读可以增强沟通能力，词汇量，提高情商和社会意识)”可知，阅读锻炼很多能力，C选项“Generally, reading uses several areas of the brain.(一般来说，阅读会用到大脑的几个区域)”表明阅读可以锻炼很多能力，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选C。 68．根据下文“This is because when you can actually see the words, your attention is held more closely. Add to this the fact that with physical books you can go back and find any part you missed, especially if your mind wanders, which will likely happen at some point or other.(这是因为当你能真正看到单词时，你的注意力会更集中。此外，读纸质书时，你可以回头找到你错过的任何部分，尤其是在你走神的时候，这很可能会发生)”可知，用眼睛看书可以让我们回头看错过的部分，且注意力更集中，这样的话能更好地记住所读到的内容，B选项“They can help to remember information better.(它们有助于更好地记忆信息)”符合语境，且选项中的they指代上文提到的“physical books and e-books.”。故选B。 69．根据上文“From a scientific perspective, listening to an audiobook is likely to help you develop a fellow feeling as you hear the emotion of the narrator.(从科学的角度来看，听有声书很可能会帮助你在听到叙述者的情感时产生共鸣)”和下文“Hearing the story engages different parts of the brain, increasing the intensity and imagery, making you enjoy it more.(听故事会调动大脑的不同区域，增加强度和意象，让你更享受其中)”可知，上下文都陈述听书的好处。由此可知，空格处也应该说听书的好处，D选项“We can more easily understand the changes in tones.(我们可以更容易地理解音调的变化)”符合语境，故选D。 70．根据下文“Perhaps, next time you find yourself browsing bookshop shelves, also consider the format.(也许，下次你发现自己浏览书架时，也考虑一下版式)”再联系第三段讲的看书的好处，第四段讲的听书的好处，空格处应该说的是两种版式的书都是有优势的，E选项“All in all, it seems that there are advantages to both physical books and audiobooks.(总而言之，纸质书和有声书似乎都有各自的优势)”符合语境，对上文进行总结。故选E。 IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Humans Evolved to Be Lonely Loneliness hurts and, over time, it can put the body into a state that increases our risk of everything from heart attack to diabetes and cancer. So, evolutionarily speaking, why do we experience it? Stephanie Cacioppo, a neuroscientist, says that countless studies have helped researchers formulate a holistic (全面的) purpose for loneliness. Being social had its downsides even back then — competition for food, for example, or contribution to the spread of pathogens (病原体). But scientists think we evolved to feel loneliness because it was more important to work with one another to accomplish tasks and protect everyone. “The pain of loneliness drove us to renew the social structure so we could survive and promote key features like trust, cooperation and collective action,” explains Cacioppo. She says that, for years, researchers thought of loneliness as a “disease with no compensatory features”.But now, they’re realizing that it’s more of a biological hunger signal that reminds us when it’s time to reconnect with those around us to promote our short-term survival. If the outcomes of loncliness were entirely negative, it would no longer be a part of our DNA．“Hunger and thirst protect our physical body while loneliness protects our social body,” says Cacioppo. Interestingly, while loneliness sends a signal to the brain that it’s time for connection, at the same time it’s also looking for danger. This “contradictory signal,” according to Cacioppo, reminds us to be careful of whether the people we are connecting with are enemies or friends. She calls this need to be watchful even as we’re socializing a “self-protection mechanism.” That means in situations where you feel lonely even when surrounded by others, you’re subconsciously thinking that this crowd might not be a good evolutionary fit for your survival. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Loneliness is a painfil feeling negatively influencing the body, but it may have evolved as abiological hunger signal to promote short-term survival through renewed social connections. Studies demonstrate loneliness helps drive the evolution of social structures by promoting crucial features. While signaling for connection, loneliness also reminds us to be careful of potential danger, serving as a self-protection mechanism. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了孤独的进化论解释，即人类为什么会感到孤独以及孤独对人类生存的意义。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①Loneliness hurts and, over time, it can put the body into a state that increases our risk of everything from heart attack to diabetes and cancer. ②The pain of loneliness drove us to renew the social structure so we could survive and promote key features like trust, cooperation and collective action. ③But now, they’re realizing that it’s more of a biological hunger signal that reminds us when it’s time to reconnect with those around us to promote our short-term survival. ④She calls this need to be watchful even as we’re socializing a “self-protection mechanism.” That means in situations where you feel lonely even when surrounded by others, you’re subconsciously thinking that this crowd might not be a good evolutionary fit for your survival. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行合并，将第3个要点进行重组,将第4个要点进行重组。 3.遣词造句 Loneliness is a painfil feeling negatively influencing the body, but it may have evolved as abiological hunger signal to promote short-term survival through renewed social connections. Studies demonstrate loneliness helps drive the evolution of social structures by promoting crucial features. While signaling for connection, loneliness also reminds us to be careful of potential danger, serving as a self-protection mechanism. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Studies demonstrate loneliness helps drive the evolution of social structures by promoting crucial features.(运用了省略连词that的宾语从句对原文第二段进行了概括) [高分句型2] While signaling for connection, loneliness also reminds us to be careful of potential danger, serving as a self-protection mechanism.(运用了现在分词作时间状语) V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．要做行业“天花板”，光有决心是不够的。(more than) （汉译英） 【答案】It takes more than determination to reach the ceiling of a profession/be the best in a profession/trade. 【详解】考查固定短语。本题使用固定句型“It takes sth. to do sth.”，意为“花费……去某事”，it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的主语。more than+n.意为“不仅仅”。决心可用名词“determination”，要做行业“天花板”可以翻译为“reach the ceiling of a profession”，或者“be the best in a profession/trade.”。故翻译为It takes more than determination to reach the ceiling of a profession/be the best in a profession/trade. 73．经历了一波三折之后，他如愿以偿地踏上了深造之旅。 (as) （汉译英） 【答案】After experiencing ups and downs, he finally set off for further study as he had wished./ After experiencing ups and downs, he started his journey for further study as expected. 【详解】考查句子结构。表示“经历了一波三折之后”可用after experiencing ups and downs，介词after后接动名词作宾语；根据句意可知，本句主句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时表示“他踏上了深造之旅”为he finally set off for further study或he started his journey for further study；表示“如愿以偿”用as引导方式状语，动作发生在谓语动作之前，用过去完成时，表达为as he had wished，或表达为as expected，状语从句中省略了主语it和be，动词expect和主语是被动关系。句首字母大写，故翻译为After experiencing ups and downs, he finally set off for further study as he had wished./ After experiencing ups and downs, he started his journey for further study as expected. 74．在田野里奔跑，看夕阳西下，我们是多么享受简单而纯粹的童年啊！(how) （汉译英） 【答案】Running in the fields and watching the sun set, how much we enjoyed the simple and pure childhood! 【详解】考查感叹句、非谓语动词。根据汉语提示，表示“在田野里奔跑”含义的表达为：run in the fields，因该动词短语在句子中作状语，且与其逻辑主语we之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词running；表示“看夕阳西下”含义的表达为：watch the sun set，因该动词短语在句子中作状语，且与其逻辑主语we之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词watching；“我们是多么享受简单而纯粹的童年啊！”为感叹句，使用感叹词how，表示“多么”含义的表达为：how much；表示“享受”含义的动词为：enjoy，因句子表示的是过去的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时；表示“简单而纯粹的童年”含义的表达为：the simple and pure childhood，故翻译为：Running in the fields and watching the sun set, how much we enjoyed the simple and pure childhood! 75．加大数字社会建设的投资力度，加速大数据产业发展是必然趋势，符合建设现代化强国的战略。（consistent）（汉译英） 【答案】It is an inevitable/ irresistible trend to increase investment in the construction of digital society and accelerate/speed up the development of big data industry, which is consistent with the strategy of building a modern and powerful country. 【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。此处为it be adj. to do sth.句型，表示“必然趋势”短语为an inevitable/ irresistible trend；表示“加大数字社会建设的投资力度”应用increase investment in the construction of digital society；表示“加速大数据产业发展”翻译为accelerate/speed up the development of big data industry；后跟which引导的非限制性定语从句；表示“符合”短语为be consistent with；表示“建设现代化强国的战略”翻译为the strategy of building a modern and powerful country。为一般现在时。故翻译为It is an inevitable/ irresistible trend to increase investment in the construction of digital society and accelerate/speed up the development of big data industry, which is consistent with the strategy of building a modern and powerful country. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是浦润中学高三学生李青。你的学校即将举办“回眸五十年”纪念活动，你在学生会参与相关的准备工作，并负责向来宾介绍学校的变化，等等。请就此给你的英国好友Alan写封邮件交流你的想法。你的邮件必须包括： 1.介绍纪念活动的主要内容； 2.描述你所见闻的学校变化； 3.简述你对学校发展的期许。 (注：文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Alan, My school is about to hold a commemorative event called “Looking Back on Fifty Years” at the end of this month. I will participate in the relevant preparations as a member of the student union and be responsible for introducing the changes in the school to guests. Because this event is so important, I need some advice from you. This commemorative event consists of three parts: inviting the principal to give a speech, leading guests to visit the school achievement exhibition and holding a celebration party, which will be significant. As is known, our school has undergone tremendous changes in the past 50 years. State-of-the-art teaching equipment and even artificial intelligence devices to assist in teaching have been equipped in our school. Besides, there are various cultural clubs and communities to enrich our leisure life. Hope my school will become better and better ! Yours, Li Qing 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给你的英国好友Alan写封邮件介绍你学校即将举办“回眸五十年”纪念活动，内容包括纪念活动的主要内容、你所见闻的学校变化和对学校发展的期许。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：participate in→join in 此外：besides→what’s more 希望：hope→wish 帮助：assist→ help 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：My school is about to hold a commemorative event called “Looking Back on Fifty Years” at the end of this month. 拓展句：My school is about to hold a commemorative event which is called “Looking Back on Fifty Years” at the end of this month. 【点睛】【高分句型1】This commemorative event consists of three parts: inviting the principal to give a speech, leading guests to visit the school achievement exhibition and holding a celebration party, which will be significant.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Because this event is so important, I need some advice from you.（运用了because引导的原因状语） / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null2025年高考第一次模拟考试（上海专用）02 英语·答题卡 姓名： 淮考证号 条码粘贴处 缺考标记 注意事项 ▣ 1,答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚 考生禁止填涂 2. 请将准考证条码粘黏在右俱的条码粘贴处]的方框内。 缺考标记！只能 3. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂：非选择题必须用0.5章米黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整 由监考老师负 4 请按题号序在各题的答题区内作答，超出范用的答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效。 责用黑色字迹 5,保特卡面清洁，不要折秀、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、刮纸刀。 的签字笔填 6. 填涂样例正确■错误一[√][×] 选择题（请用2B铅笔填涂） 1[AJ[BIICIDI 6.[AI[BIICIIDI 11.[A][BIICI[D]16.1A][BI[CIID] 2.1AJIBIICIIDI 71AIIBIICIIDI 12.1AJIBIICIIDI 171AJIBIICIDI 3.[AJ[BIICIID] 8[AIIB]ICIID] 13.[AIIBI[C]ID]181AJ[BIICI[D] 4[A][BIICI[D] 9[AI[BIIC][DI 14.[A][BI[C][D]19.[A][B][CIID] 51AJIBIICIID] 10.[A]IBIICIID] 15.[A]IBI[CI[D]20.1A][BJICIID] 31[A][BI[C]ID]36.[A][B]ICI[D] 41.[AIIBI[C]ID]46.[AJIBI[CIID] 32.1AlIBIIC]ID]371A]IB]ICI[D] 42.AIIBIICIID]47.[AJ[BIICIID] 33.[A][BIIC][D]38.[A][BIIC][D] 43.1AI[B]IC]ID]48[A][B][C]IDI 341A][BIICI[D]39.[A][B]ICI[D] 44[A][BIICI[D]49.[A]IB]IC]ID] 35[A][BIICI[DI 40.1A]IBIICIID] 45.[AJIBIICIID]50.[A]IBIICIID] 5LIA][BIICIID]56.1A]IB]IC][D] 61.A][B]ICIID] 66.IA][B]IC][D] 52.1AI[BIICIID]571A][BIICIIDI 62.1AJIB]ICI[DI 67.1AIIBIICIID] 53.IAIIBIICIIDI 58.1AlIBIICIID] 63.[A]IB]ICIID] 68.[AI[BIICI[D] 541AJIBIIC]ID] 59.[A]IB]ICI[D] 64.1A]IB]ICIID] 69.JA]IB]ICIID] 551AI[BIICIIDI 60.1A][BIICI[D] 65.1A]IBIICIID] 70.[AI[BIICI[D] 非选择题（请在各试题的答题区内作答） 选词填空（满分10分） 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 哭市工兴大列7 ■ 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ Summary(满分10分) Translation(满分15分) Guided writing(满分25分) 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 2025年高考第一次模拟考试（上海专用）02 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1． A．Husband and wife. B．Boss and assistant. C．Nurse and patient. D．Manager and customer. 2． A．At a post office B．At a flower shop. C．At a department store. D．At a bus station. 3． A．He is unemployed at present. B．He owns a company now. C．He still works in the agency. D．He is unable to support his family. 4． A．At 10:00. B．At 10:20. C．At 11:00. D．At 11:20. 5． A．Satisfied. B．Relieved. C．Surprised. D．Embarrassed. 6． A．The woman didn’t post any postcard from Egypt. B．The man has never collected any postcards. C．The woman will go to Egypt for her holiday. D．The man begins to take up collecting postcards. 7． A．She can’t afford that much for a trip. B．She is fortunate to have made a lot of money. C．She doesn’t think 5,000 dollars is enough for the trip. D．She considers 5,000 dollars only a small sum of money. 8． A．He wants to buy the new car. B．He thinks his signature is necessary. C．He has already signed a contract. D．He doesn’t always say what he means. 9． A．The man had poor imagination because of the car accident. B．The man must have advised the woman to wear the seat belt. C．The woman was likely to have got seriously injured in the car accident. D．The woman wasn’t wearing the seat belt when the accident happened. 10． A．Violence sports are the source of social instability. B．Violence sports are to blame for crime and school bullying. C．Violence sports serve as an escape for negative emotions. D．Violence sports won’t attract many people’s interest in the long run. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage 11．A．To explain a new requirement for graduation. B．To interest students in a community service project. C．To discuss the problems of elementary school students. D．To involve elementary school teachers in a special program. 12．A．Providing jobs for graduating students. B．Helping education majors prepare for final exams. C．Offering tutorials to elementary school students. D．Funding for a community service project. 13．A．He teaches part-time in a local elementary school. B．He observes elementary school students in the classroom. C．He helps students who need consult prepare their resume. D．He gives support to students who participate in a special program. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14．A．They want to eat in a fashionable way like young people. B．They prefer to eat food that is tastier and more widely accepted. C．They become aware of the harm processed foods do to health. D．They try to change their way of processing foods little by little. 15．A．They contain not too many chemical additives. B．They are cultivated in the soil rich in organic matters. C．They produce as many calories as processed foods. D．They are usually grown in commercial farming areas. 16．A．They are allowed to move about and eat freely. B．They are tasty though kept in the crowded building. C．They can hardly grow in a healthy way without good food. D．They produce eggs which usually contain important vitamins.. Questions 17 through 20 are bused on the following conversation. 17．A．It was on a cross street. B．They had no time to see it. C．It had no parking space. D．They weren’t in favour of it. 18．A．It is too small in size. B．It blocks the air-conditioner. C．It admits heat from the late afternoon sun. D．It stops the sun beating down on the curtains. 19．A．Parking and desk space. B．Parking and air-conditioning. C．Privacy and cleanliness. D．A cheerful kitchen and a separate dining area. 20．A．The one on 68th Street. B．The one on 72nd Street. C．The one on 88th Street. D．The one on 80th Street. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Even Very Young Children Can Be Depressed If you doubted it, I would introduce you to Susan, who came to my office and talked constantly about her “bad feeling”. Susan 21 (lose) interest in her favorite activities, stopped playing with her friends, and told her parents that she wanted to be dead. She’d spent more time in the school nurse’s office than in her classroom. Susan was six years old and 22 (suffer) from depression. Proper treatment helped Susan recover. Without it, she might still be an unhappy child, alone and in pain. The risk for depression does tend to increase as we grow older. Depression in young children is rare but real. Rene Spitz, a 23 (note) psychological researcher, found that infants who were in an institutional orphanage after World War II refused to eat and eventually died 24 they weren’t held by their caretakers. Children have an innate need 25 (hold) and comforted. If those needs aren’t met, then even very young children can fail to thrive and may become sick and die. Approximately 1% of preschoolers experience depression; they often have great difficulty expressing their feelings, because not all of their language skills 26 (develop) sufficiently. Instead of expressing their feelings in language, the depressed preschool children are likely to show emotions by exhibiting significantly aggressive, fearful, or crying behavior. 27 most preschool children may get angry if they’re hungry, sleepy, afraid 28 their parents go away, or fail to get Daddy to buy them the latest toys, these behaviors are often carried to extremes of intensity and frequency in depressed children. Although a diagnosis of clinical depression is rare in preschool children, there are times when it is appropriate. In most cases, the child who 29 (experience) significant frustrations resulting from the death or absence of a parent, has witnessed or been victims of violence, or has had a significant health problem 30 has interrupted normal emotional or physical development. I find preschool children to be more resilient (适应力强的) than older children in dealing with these events, as long as they have a supportive parent and receive timely treatment. Section B Directions: Fill in eat blank with a proper word chosen form the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．arrives    B．observable  C． boundless.    D．contained. E. distancing. F. expansion G. lies    H. parallel    I. perceiving    J. threads    K. volume What Comes After Space? Looking at a clear night sky you witness the vastness of space, which holds everything humans know to exist. To find out what 31 beyond a good place to start is to determine where the universe ends. However, the problem is that scientist are uncertain about where space ends or whether it ends at all. The 32 universe The furthest humans can see out into space,using all the technology currently available to us,is 46 billion light years (alight year is the distance that light can travel in one year,and is equivalent to about 9. 5 million million kilometres). The 33 of space that humans can see is called the visible universe. Beyond this, it remains a mystery whether it’s an expanse of more galaxies and stars or possibly the edge of the universe. Some think that the universe is 34 , meaning space goes on forever in every direction. In this case,there is nothing after space,because space is everything. Moving further away Experts have captured images of the entire Earth from space,and some astronauts have personally witnessed its beauty from orbit. Perhaps 35 the limits of the universe would also be possible too, if only humans knew where to go to look for it. Another challenge is the universe’s rapid 36 . As galaxies move further away their light  takes longer to reach us. Eventually, some galaxies may be so distant that their light never 37 . This might imply that any edge— and whatever is on the other side — is increasingly 38 itself from us. Regardless of these uncertainties, scientists still spend a lot of time thinking about what comes after space. Many universes? It’s possible that there isn’t just one universe, and that our universe is just one small part of a “multiverse”. Perhaps our universe is 39 within its own distinct region of space, separated from others by vast expanses of nothingness. Or maybe 40 universes exist pressed tightly against each other. Getting an idea of the universe’s true shape may help astronomers find out whether it has an edge. What comes after that could be an even great mystery. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Man the Hunter, a key idea in human sciences, proposes that hunting was a major driver of human evolution and that men conducted this activity, leaving women out. It holds that human ancestors had a division of 41 , rooted in biological differences between males and females, in which males evolved to hunt and provide, and females tended to children and domestic duties. It assumes that males are 42 superior to females and that pregnancy (怀孕) and child-caring reduce or eliminate (根除) a female’s ability to hunt. Man the Hunter has dominated the study of human evolution for nearly half a century and spread through popular 43 . It is represented in museum displays and textbook figures, Saturday morning cartoons and feature films. The thing is, it’s 44 . Researchers look at the damage on our ancestors’ remains for clues to their 45 . Neandertal females and males do not vary in 46 patterns or exhibit sex differences in diseases from repetitive actions. Their skeletons show the same modes of wear and tear. This discovery implies that they were engaging in 47 activities, from hunting large game animals to processing fur for leather. Observations of recent and contemporary societies provide direct evidence of women 48 hunting. Agta people of the Philippines, 49 , hunt while pregnant and breastfeeding, and they have the same hunting success as Agta men. A recent study of cross-cultural observational data lasting the past 100 years—much of which was 50 by Man the Hunter contributors—found that women from a wide range of cultures hunt animals for food. 79 percent of the 63 societies with clear descriptions of their hunting strategies reportedly feature women 51 . The women are involved in hunting regardless of their childbearing status. Much about female exercise science and the 52 of prehistoric women remains to be discovered. But the idea that in the past men were hunters and women were not is absolutely 53 even by the limited evidence we have. Now when you think of “cave people”, we hope, you will imagine a(n) 54 group of hunters surrounding a deer or hitting stone tools together rather than a heavy-browed man with a heavy stick over one shoulder. Hunting may have been remade as a 55 activity in recent times, but for most of human history, it belonged to everyone. 41．A．food B．labor C．resource D．power 42．A．technically B．socially C．physically D．intellectually 43．A．culture B．belief C．science D．awareness 44．A．wrong B．unbelievable C．simple D．reasonable 45．A．emotion B．appearance C．diet D．behavior 46．A．injury B．interaction C．growth D．settlement 47．A．various B．identical C．outdoor D．manual 48．A．taking over B．suffering from C．longing for D．participating in 49．A．in fact B．as a whole C．for instance D．as a result 50．A．quoted B．ignored C．collected D．stored 51．A．supporters B．pioneers C．leaders D．hunters 52．A．hobbies B．status C．lives D．rights 53．A．established B．unsupported C．developed D．misguided 54．A．ever-growing B．self-governing C．mixed-sex D．multi-cultural 55．A．team B．sporting C．leisure D．male Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Montessori was born in Italy in 1870 with progressive parents, who frequently communicated with the country’s leading thinkers and scholars. This enlightened family environment provided Montessori with many advantages over other young girls of the time. Her mother’s support was vital for some important decisions, such as her enrolment in a technical school after her elementary education. Her parents’ support also proved to be essential for her decision to study medicine, a field that was dominated by men. Soon after graduating, in 1896, Montessori began work as a voluntary assistant in a clinic at the University of Rome, where she cared for children with learning difficulties. The rooms were bare, with just a few pieces of furniture. One day, she found that the children were enthusiastically playing with breadcrumbs (面包屑) that had dropped on the floor. It then occurred to her that the origin of some intellectual disabilities could be related with poverty. With the right learning materials, these and other young minds could be nurtured, Montessori concluded. The observation would lead Montessori to develop a new method of education that focused on providing optimal stimulation during the sensitive periods of childhood. At its centre was the principle that all the learning materials should be child-sized and designed to appeal to all the senses. In addition, each child should also be allowed to move and act freely, and use their creativity and problem-solving skills. Teachers took the role of guides, supporting the children without press or control. Montessori opened her first Children’s House in 1907. When the Fascists (法西斯主义者) first came into power in Italy in 1922, they initially embraced her movement. But they soon came to oppose the emphasis on the children’s freedom of expression. Montessori’s values had always been about human respect, and the rights of children and women, but the Fascists wanted to use her work and her fame. Things reached a breaking point when the Fascist tried to influence the schools’ educational content, and in 1934 Montessori and her son decided to leave Italy. She didn’t return to her homeland until 1947, and she continued to write about and develop her method until her death in 1952, at the age of 81. 56．The primary reason for Montessori to develop a new educational method was ______. A．her family’s supportive influence on her education B．her experience as a voluntary assistant in a clinic C．her observation of children playing with breadcrumbs happily D．her decision to study medicine, a field dominated by men 57．What was a central principle of Montessori’s educational method as described in the passage? A．Providing standardized, one-size-fits-all learning materials. B．Encouraging strict discipline and control over children’s actions. C．Focusing on rote memorization and competition. D．Creating a free and children-centered learning environment. 58．Montessori decided to leave Italy in 1934 because . A．she wanted to explore other countries and cultures B．she wanted to avoid the Fascist’s influence on her work C．she was offered a better job in a different country D．she wanted to retire and enjoy a peaceful life in another country 59．Which of the following words can best describe Montessori in this passage? A．Observant and innovative. B．Traditional and emotional. C．Progressive and dependent. D．Open-minded and indifferent. (B) ENTERTAINMENT|RESTAURANTS|THEATRE|FILM|MUSIC|EXHIBITIONS A notable highlight of the show was the real confidence of the singing. Sam Hall was a joy to watch, with perfect comic timing, as was Emma Williams, thoroughly believable and convincing in her role. These two young talents stole the show, in my opinion. The only disadvantage is appointments were the dancing, which showed a lack of originality, and the opening scene, which fell a little flat. Despite the occasional technical flaws, this was a highly enjoyable and greatly impressive production, which the company should be proud of. I was really looking forward to Jonathan Baker’s latest, which is set in an imagined, but realistic, London of the scar future. But I found this new effort was act down by the slightly one-dimensional characterization, and the writing is below standard for the most part : some of the early scents between Martha and her husband are slightly boring. The superb characterization and ambition that baker demonstrated in his previous novels seem to be missing here. Baker’ commitment to describing the lives of ordinary people is admirable, but the whole thing is lacking in energy. This is episode number three in the nearly twenty-year-old series, delivering a very attractive and interesting story and loads of comedy. There is some strong writing and voice acting, but the new episode chooses to go for a linear (线性的) narrative, with some puzzle included along the way, which is less involving than the theme of exploration and conversation which previous episode have depended on. Besides, the puzzle are not particularly engaging, and many of them have been seen before in other adventure games. The visuals are extremely impressive, of course, as we have come to expect, this time featuring venues in Catalonia. But overall, a slight disappointment. 60．The underlined phrase “ stole the show ” most probably means______. A．disappointed the producer B．ruined the whole performance C．attracted the most attention D．exhibited excessive confidence 61．Which of the following statements about Jonathan Baker is TRUE ? A．He excels in one-dimensional characterization. B．His novels center around ordinary people’s lives. C．His novels show consistent super characterization and ambition. D．He is passionate about presenting realistic images of future London. 62．The puzzle in episode number three______. A．are integrated in the narrative B．arc appealing to the audience C．deal with the theme of exploration D．are absent in other adventure games (C) Plugs across America The United States has around 150,000 fuel stations to re till fossil-fuel-burning vehicles. Despite the rapid growth of all-electric vehicle in America — 400,000 of them were sold in 2021, up from barely la, 000 in 2012 — the country has only 6,000 fast electric charging stations, the kind that can rapidly charge a battery-powered car. A glance at America’s charging map reveals a lot of charging deserts. This makes sense, as EVs (electric vehicle) still represent less than 3% of new car sales. Large cities have a growing number of fast charges, but not nearly enough to accommodate so many EVs. Away from cities, these charters are along interstate highways closely enough to allow electric cars safe passage. Otherwise, they are nearly nonexistent in rural America. And EV stations have a problem that gas stations don’t: “Even the fastest Tesla supercharger is still going to take 15 minutes to put a couple hundred miles on the vehicle,” says Jeremy Michalek, a professor at Carnegie Mellon University. Michalek says American charging facilities fall far behind what’ needed for the whole country to transition to electric driving. On the bright side, there is time to catch up, because not all Americans will embrace at once. Most early adopters were those with access to a charge at home in their garage or parking space. Those owners can wake up with a full battery and only need to rely on public charters when they leave town on an extended trip. But as the country gets to higher levels of EV adoption, the current facilities won’t be enough. That is why Michalek says the US needs to prioritize increasing the number of charges at rest stops along well-traveled highways, especially as more people use electric cars for summer-time road trips. “As we act to higher levels of EV adoption, if we don’t have enough chargers for peak demand, the wait times are going to be unlike what we see with gas stations,” he says. Charging dead bones will be larger as more Americans consider an EV. Renters who do not have the option to install a home charges will be hesitant to go fully electric until they can feel confident a public plug will be there when they need it. And as more households drive only electric vehicles, it will be crucial that people can get to all the places they want to go. In the best case, Michalek envisions public-private cooperation to build a national charging network. The US government has promised to install plugs throughout rural areas, while companies constructing charging stations across America will have a strong motivation to fill in the country’s biggest cities. After all, companies like Electrify America, EV go, and Charge Point charge customers of energy they use. 63．It can be learned from the 2nd paragraph that ______. A．there is a shortage of charging stations in the rural areas of America B．it takes about 15 minutes for an average charge to charge a battery-powered car C．more electric vehicles are sold than fossil-fuel burning cars in large cities in America D．there are enough charges in America considering the limited sales of new electric vehicles 64．Which of the following statements would Michalek most probably agree with ? A．Companies setting up charging stations are hesitant to go electric. B．Those who already have a home charge don’t have to find a public plug. C．Top priority needs to be given to adding more charging stations across the country. D．There is enough time to establish a charging network, because not many EVs are uscd. 65．What can be inferred about the renters ? A．Some renters don’t have the intention to go electric. B．Some renters might not be authorized to install a home charge. C．As more renters are unwilling to use public plugs, the charging dead bones are growing. D．Some renters might not have enough confidence in the public plugs for the safety reasons. 66．Who does Michalek expect to work together to establish the charging network nationwide? A．The government and some companies. B．The local government and every household. C．The charging facility providers and every family. D．The federal government and the local rural government. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Is Listening to a Book Better than Reading It? Picture yourself sitting at home in a quiet reading space, ignoring the world around you, absorbed in a tale. You read the introduction, instantly became interested and now you’re in the middle of an absolute page-turner. But, there’s a hot debate — physical books vs. e-books vs. audiobooks. Does the device you’re using to read affect your reaction to the book? 67 There’s attention span, reasoning, reading fluency, memory and language comprehension. Reading is known to strengthen communicative ability, vocabulary and increase emotional intelligence and social awareness. So, whichever way you’re reading, there are definitely benefits. But, let’s look at the pros to reading with your eyes — that’s physical books and e-books. 68 This is because when you can actually see the words, your attention is held more closely. Add to this the fact that with physical books you can go back and find any part you missed, especially if your mind wanders, which will likely happen at some point or other. On the other hand, there’s the audiobook. Headphones in, you’re switched off from life and the story really comes alive, almost like watching a film — in your head. From a scientific perspective, listening to an audiobook is likely to help you develop a fellow feeling as you hear the emotion of the narrator. 69 Hearing the story engages different parts of the brain, increasing the intensity and imagery, making you enjoy it more. Yet, going back to attention period, with an audiobook it’s true that it’s much harder to go back and listen again. 70 Perhaps, next time you find yourself browsing bookshop shelves, also consider the format. It may just change your whole literary experience. A．They help us become continuous readers. B．They can help to remember information better. C．Generally, reading uses several areas of the brain. D．We can more easily understand the changes in tones. E．All in all, it seems that there are advantages to both physical books and audiobooks. F．According to a research from Oxford University, audio books affect our reading reaction most. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Humans Evolved to Be Lonely Loneliness hurts and, over time, it can put the body into a state that increases our risk of everything from heart attack to diabetes and cancer. So, evolutionarily speaking, why do we experience it? Stephanie Cacioppo, a neuroscientist, says that countless studies have helped researchers formulate a holistic (全面的) purpose for loneliness. Being social had its downsides even back then — competition for food, for example, or contribution to the spread of pathogens (病原体). But scientists think we evolved to feel loneliness because it was more important to work with one another to accomplish tasks and protect everyone. “The pain of loneliness drove us to renew the social structure so we could survive and promote key features like trust, cooperation and collective action,” explains Cacioppo. She says that, for years, researchers thought of loneliness as a “disease with no compensatory features”.But now, they’re realizing that it’s more of a biological hunger signal that reminds us when it’s time to reconnect with those around us to promote our short-term survival. If the outcomes of loncliness were entirely negative, it would no longer be a part of our DNA．“Hunger and thirst protect our physical body while loneliness protects our social body,” says Cacioppo. Interestingly, while loneliness sends a signal to the brain that it’s time for connection, at the same time it’s also looking for danger. This “contradictory signal,” according to Cacioppo, reminds us to be careful of whether the people we are connecting with are enemies or friends. She calls this need to be watchful even as we’re socializing a “self-protection mechanism.” That means in situations where you feel lonely even when surrounded by others, you’re subconsciously thinking that this crowd might not be a good evolutionary fit for your survival. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．要做行业“天花板”，光有决心是不够的。(more than) （汉译英） 73．经历了一波三折之后，他如愿以偿地踏上了深造之旅。 (as) （汉译英） 74．在田野里奔跑，看夕阳西下，我们是多么享受简单而纯粹的童年啊！(how) （汉译英） 75．加大数字社会建设的投资力度，加速大数据产业发展是必然趋势，符合建设现代化强国的战略。（consistent）（汉译英） VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是浦润中学高三学生李青。你的学校即将举办“回眸五十年”纪念活动，你在学生会参与相关的准备工作，并负责向来宾介绍学校的变化，等等。请就此给你的英国好友Alan写封邮件交流你的想法。你的邮件必须包括： 1.介绍纪念活动的主要内容； 2.描述你所见闻的学校变化； 3.简述你对学校发展的期许。 (注：文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$