Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册创新导学案课件PPT（译林版2019）

WELCOME UNIT Unit 4　Protecting our heritage sites Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage 课前预习自检 重点合作探究 目录 CONTENTS 1 2 Grammar　同位语从句 3 课堂效果检测 4 课后课时作业 5 课前预习自检 Ⅰ.重点词汇 1．to stop a person from speaking for a short period by something you say or do, or to stop something from happening for a short period——vt. ________ 2．a statement of what is judged likely to happen in the future, especially in connection with a particular situation, or the expected weather conditions——n. _______ 3．a person who connects telephone calls at a telephone exchange or in a place such as an office or hotel——n. _________ 4．saving and protecting the environment——n. ___________ interrupt forecast operator conservation 课前预习自检 5．to express your choice or opinion, especially by officially marking a paper or by raising your hand or speaking in a meeting——vt.& vi. _____ 6．an event which is either unpleasant or unusual——n. _________ 7．a person whose job is to design new buildings and make certain that they are built correctly——n. _________ 8．the act or process of moving, or a particular action or movement——n. ______ 9．the fact of doing sth together or of working together towards a shared aim——n. ___________ vote incident architect motion cooperation 课前预习自检 Ⅱ.教材原句 1．The Abu Simbel temples in Egypt are thousands of years old and ____________ ____________ (花了几十年才建成)． 2．There are ________________________ (历史学家之间存在分歧) over when exactly the construction of the twin temples started, but no one can deny the fact that they were constructed in the 13th century BCE. 3．In the mid­20th century, the temples ________________________ (受到严重的威胁)． it took decades to build them divisions among historians were under serious threat 课前预习自检 4．The government had decided to build the Aswan High Dam on the Nile and this structure would cause water levels to rise, __________________ (这反过来能) flood the Abu Simbel temples. 5．This decision _____________________________________________________ (引起了世界人们的广泛关注). 6．Some experts, however, ________________ (有一种感觉) it was possible. 7．Finally, they decided to try to ____________________ (拆开神庙), move their parts to a new location and then put them back together. 8．For example, it __________________ (投票决定) which sites are to be listed as UNESCO heritage sites and monitors the state of conservation. which could in turn caused widespread concern among people around the world had a feeling that take the temples apart votes to determine 课前预习自检 重点合作探究 1 division n. 分歧；分开，分隔(教材P48) 归纳 拓展 情景 助记 重点合作探究 ①A hedge forms the division between their land and ours. 他们的土地与我们的土地之间以一道树篱隔开。 ②In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to practise speaking English in an interesting way. 在课堂上，我会把学生分成小组，带领他们以有趣的方式练习说英语。 ③To be honest, voters sometimes feel annoyed, not because they hate voting, but because they are divided between emotion and fairness. 说实话，选民有时会感到烦恼，不是因为他们讨厌投票，而是因为他们在情感和公平之间有分歧。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①The physical benefits of exercise can be divided ______ three factors. ②The _________ (divide) of Labour is clear­cut, each one being charged with specific responsibilities. ③I have no idea what is the division between science _____ liberal arts. (2)翻译 富裕的西部和贫穷的东部之间的分歧仍然存在。 __________________________________________________________________ into division and The division between the rich west and the poor east remains. 重点合作探究 2 operator n. 操作人员，技工；接线员(教材P48) 归纳 拓展 情景 助记 重点合作探究 ①He must become a skilled radio operator and be able to repair his own equipment. 他必须成为一名熟练的无线电操作员，能够修理自己的设备。 ②Please give it a careful checkup and make sure the package is well preserved and the machine operates well. 请仔细检查一下，确保包装完好无损，机器运转正常。 ③We had a woman patient who was recovering from a knee replacement operation. 我们有一个女病人，她刚做完膝关节置换手术，正在恢复中。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①Charles was at the clinic recovering from an __________ (operate) on his arm. ②He dialed the _________ (operate) and put in a call to Rome. operation operator 重点合作探究 (2)写出下列句中operate(s)的含义 ①Most domestic freezers operate at below －18 ℃. ________ ②What skills are needed to operate this machinery? ________ ③We will have to operate on his eyes. ________ ④This kind of material operates as a very effective protection. ________ ⑤The dream of many people is to own and operate their own business. ________ 运转 操作 动手术 起作用 经营 重点合作探究 3 cooperation n. 合作，协作；协助，配合(教材P48) 归纳 拓展 情景 助记 重点合作探究 ①By participating in such activities, we improve our skills and strengthen our sense of cooperation. 通过参加这样的活动，我们提高了我们的技能，加强了我们的合作意识。 ②We worked in cooperation with students from other countries in making robots in the youth science summer camp, gaining not only knowledge but also friendship. 在青年科学夏令营中，我们和其他国家的学生合作制作机器人，不仅获得了知识，还收获了友谊。 ③You'll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you're looking for, thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries. 你会发现，由于地区图书馆的合作网络，你要找一本你想要的书会更容易。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①The meeting discussed how to promote ____________ (cooperate) between the two countries. ②Just as the saying goes, “One tree doesn't make a forest.”； our success is based on ____________ (cooperate) with others. ③That young man is honest, ____________ (cooperate), always there when you need his help. cooperation cooperating cooperative 重点合作探究 (2)完成句子 他们总是设法赢回他的信任，以便在这个项目上与他合作。 They are always seeking to win back his trust so that ________________________ _______________． they can cooperate with him on the project 重点合作探究 4 interrupt vt. 打扰，插嘴；使暂停，使中断　vi. 打扰，插嘴(教材P49) 归纳 拓展 情景 助记 重点合作探究 ①Sorry to interrupt, but I was wondering whether the chemical could cause severe breathing problems. 抱歉打扰一下，我想知道这种化学物质是否会导致严重的呼吸问题。 ②Andy's thoughts were suddenly interrupted by a sharp scream. 安迪的思考被突然传来的尖叫打断了。 ③I managed to work for two hours without interruption. 我总算连续工作了两小时。 重点合作探究 易混辨析：interrupt/disturb interrupt 意为“打扰，打断”，重在“断”字，指突然中断、打断他人的言语或行为，使其不能继续 It is not polite to interrupt when someone is talking. 打断别人说话是不礼貌的。 disturb 意为“打扰，妨碍，干扰”，重在“扰”字，含有“困扰，使不安”之意， 一般指打扰睡眠、休息、工作 She opened the door quietly so as not to disturb the sleeping child. 她轻轻地开门，以免惊扰了睡着的孩子。 重点合作探究 巧图妙记　 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①I am not accustomed to ________________ (interrupt) when studying or working, so please remember this and don't do it once more. ②She has kept up physical training for several years ________ interruption. ③Their discussion was interrupted ______ a knock at the door, which was really disgusting. ④_____________ (interrupt) are one of the worst things to deal with while you're trying to get work done. being interrupted without by Interruptions 重点合作探究 (2)选词填空(interrupt/disturb) ①Please continue—I didn't mean to _________． ②Don't talk in the reading room in order not to ________ others. interrupt disturb 重点合作探究 5 vote vt.& vi. 投票，表决　n. 选票；投票(教材P49) 归纳 拓展 情景 助记 重点合作探究 ①Who did you vote for in the last election? 上次选举中你把票投给了谁？ ②I urge the house to vote against the motion. 我呼吁参加辩论的诸位投票反对这项动议。 ③Now that we've heard all the arguments for and against the plan, shall we vote on/have/take a vote on it? 既然我们已经听到了赞成和反对这个计划的所有理由，我们可以投票表决了吗？ ④The Chairman must put the final substantive motion to the vote. 主席必须将最后的实质性动议付诸表决。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①His job is to record how politicians vote _____ major issues. ②She narrowly failed to win enough _______ (vote)． ③I need to get all my friends to vote _____ me then! (2)翻译 我很高兴看到他们投票开始改变这一点。 __________________________________________________________________ on votes for I'm glad to see that they came out to vote to change it. 重点合作探究 Grammar 同位语从句 Grammar 同位语从句 单句语法填空 1．The news ______ an earthquake hit the country and killed tens of thousands of people gave everyone a shock. 2．The idea ______ she witnessed this shameful incident meant nothing to him. 3．The question came up at the meeting _________ we had enough time for further research. 答案 that that whether 语法体验 Grammar 同位语从句 4．I've come to the conclusion _______ it is smart to insist on your view in the situation. 5．The problem _______ can lend a helping hand puzzles me. 6．The decision _______ we should return to home hasn't been made. 7．I have no idea _______ he is doing now. 8．We haven't yet settled the question _______ we are going to spend our summer vacation. 答案 that who when what where Grammar 同位语从句 语法讲座 同位语从句，指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句，属于名词性从句的范畴。同位语从句用来对所修饰的名词进行解释说明，指出其具体的内容。同位语从句常用于抽象名词之后，如news, idea, fact, promise, order, question, belief, hope, advice, thought, possibility等。 Grammar 同位语从句 (1)连词：that, whether They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms. 他们很熟悉这一观点，所有的物质都是由原子构成的。 There is some doubt whether he will come. 他是否会来还不一定。 一、引导同位语从句的连接词 Grammar 同位语从句 (2)连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever The question who will take his place hasn't been discussed. 谁将接替他的职位的问题还没有讨论过。 I have no idea what size shoes she wears. 我不知道她穿几号的鞋。 Grammar 同位语从句 (3)连接副词：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however She raised the question where we could get the fund. 她提出这个问题：我们到哪里能获得这笔资金。 It is a question how he managed to deal with it. 这是一个他如何成功做到的问题。 Grammar 同位语从句 根据语境填入适当的连接词 ①The news _____ Mr Li will be our new English teacher is true. ②He put forward to the question ___________ the meeting would be held. ③The teacher had no idea ______ Jack was absent. ④I have no idea ______ I can get to the railway station. ⑤We are not investigating the question ________ he is trustworthy. ⑥The news got about _____ he had won a car in the lottery. ⑦The question ______ should do the work is being discussed at the meeting. ⑧He had his doubt ________ they would give him another chance to have a try. that where/when why how whether that who whether Grammar 同位语从句 定语从句相当于形容词，对先行词起修饰、描述或限制的作用；同位语从句相当于名词，对先行词的内容作具体说明和解释，它们之间是同位关系。二者具体区别如下： (1)that在同位语从句中无词义，不充当句子成分；而在定语从句中充当主语、宾语等句子成分。 I made a solemn promise that I would return. 我郑重承诺我会回来的。(同位语从句) This is the only computer that he often turns to for help. 这是他唯一经常求助的电脑。(定语从句) 二、同位语从句与定语从句的区别 Grammar 同位语从句 (2)whether, how, what可以引导同位语从句，不能引导定语从句。 He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这个问题。 (3)who, whom, whose, when, where, why引导同位语从句，保持原来疑问词的含义，而引导定语从句时，不具有疑问词的含义。 We can't solve the problem how we can travel faster than light. 我们无法解决我们如何能超过光速的问题。(同位语从句) I saw a man shouting at a driver whose car was blocking the street. 我看见一个人正冲着一个司机大喊，那个司机的车挡住了街道。(定语从句) Grammar 同位语从句 (1)if不能引导同位语从句； (2)同位语从句前一般没有逗号； (3)有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面； The news is surprising that David hit Mike, his classmate to the ground. 大卫把他同学迈克打倒在地的消息令人惊讶。 (4)在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, request等)后面的同位语从句的谓语动词常用“should＋动词原形”的虚拟语气，其中should可以省略； They were faced with the demand that this tax (should) be abolished. 他们面临着废除该项税款的要求。 三、同位语从句的注意事项 Grammar 同位语从句 (5)名词doubt(怀疑)用于肯定句时，其后的同位语从句用whether引导；用于否定句时其后的同位语从句用that引导。 I have some doubt whether Tom can finish his homework before nine o'clock. 我有点儿怀疑汤姆能否在九点钟之前做完作业。 There is no doubt that the protection of folk music is of great significance. 毫无疑问，保护民间音乐意义非常重大。 Grammar 同位语从句 (1)选词填空(whether/that) ①There is no doubt _______ we will be successful. ②We have a doubt _________ it is true. (2)完成句子 ①他所提供的事实是一个强有力的证据。 The fact _________________________________． ②她什么也没说这件事使我们大家都很吃惊。 The fact ___________________________ surprised us all. that whether that he presented was a strong proof that she hadn't said anything Grammar 同位语从句 ③母亲许下了使她的所有孩子都高兴的诺言。 The mother made a promise __________________________． ④我许诺如果谁让我自由，我就让他非常富有。 I made a promise ______________________________________________． ⑤采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。 The suggestion that the new rule ___________________ came from the chairman. that pleased all her children that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich (should) be adopted Grammar 同位语从句 课堂效果检测 Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．We have viewed the video recording of the ________ (事件)． 2．The ________ (建筑师) is drawing up plans for the new offices. 3．A ________ (分歧) has opened up between the two ministers over the issue. 4．It needs c__________ from all the countries to get any movement in arms control. 5．A big jump in energy c___________ could be achieved without much disruption of anyone's standard of living. incident architect division ooperation onservation 答案 课堂效果检测 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．We have offered him the position, but I don't have the slightest idea ________ he will accept it. 2．The problem ______ should go abroad requires consideration. 3．Our teacher gave us some advice how we ____________ (use) the computer. 4．I have no idea ______ the driver made a phone call when driving. 5．The boy was not given a satisfying answer to his question ________ he came from. 答案 whether who (should) use why where 课堂效果检测 Ⅲ.完成句子 1．毫无疑问，她具备成为一名成功的记者的素质。 ____________________ she has the makings of a successful journalist. 2．第一次离开家人时，他不知道是否他能适应外面的生活。 The first time he left his family, he had no idea ____________________________ __________． 3．其中一人认为这本书所说的是对的。 One of them held the view _______________________________． 答案 There is no doubt that whether he could adapt to the life outside that what the book said was right 课堂效果检测 4．政府下令在一个月内将所有这些旧房子全部拆除。 The government demands that all these old houses ___________________________ _______． 5．我坚信我能将学习和活动很好地结合起来，这将对我的成长很有益。 I ____________________ I can combine study and activities well, which will benefit my development greatly. 答案 (should) be pulled down in a month hold a firm belief that 课堂效果检测 课后课时作业 Ⅰ　完形填空 My interest in Chinese Kunqu opera began when I was eleven or twelve just about the age when one can first fall in love with words and start __1__ them. At first, my interest was literary (文学的). I __2__ the imaginative language. I copied my favorite words into a notebook. Then I started __3__ the rhymes and tones (押韵和腔调) and appreciating the musicality. I __4__ that Kunqu is not only what's written—it is also the melody (曲调) the dance moves, the dresses. 课后课时作业 50 __5__ I grew up in a northern town with no Kunqu performances, I never imagined I could learn and perform it myself, until I __6__ Saturday classes with teachers from the Northern Kunqu Opera Theatre. I was __7__ and often got up before 5 am to go to class. My __8__ started with the basics, like bow to stand and walk onstage. I understood then that the many constraints (约束) of the form are the only way to artistic __9__. Performers put in so much effort to show how seemingly __10__ they are onstage. As I continue __11__ Kunqu after moving to the United States for college, I am __12__ to see how this ancient art form has mixed with my studies and creations in modern art and poetry. When people ask me why Kunqu is connected to my __13__ and to the Western art world today, I say that Kunqu's values and influences will never __14__． 课后课时作业 51 Kunqu has a magical power which means I'm not __15__ to step into different art forms. Thanks to this cultural heritage, I know I have a home within. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者对昆曲兴趣的发展和昆曲对作者的重大意义。 篇章导读 课后课时作业 52 1．A.creating B．collecting C．discussing D．Dominating 2．A.enjoyed B．enhanced C．forgot D．developed 答案：B　根据后文“I copied my favorite words into a notebook.”可知，此处指“收集文字”，故选B。 答案 答案：A　根据后文“I copied my favorite words into a notebook.”可知，作者喜欢那些语言，所以才把喜欢的字抄在笔记本上，故选A。 课后课时作业 53 3．A.doubting B．changing C．noticing D．Polishing 4．A.forecasted B．remembered C．hoped D．understood 答案：C　根据后文“appreciating the musicality”可知，此处表示作者开始注意到韵律和音调，并欣赏它的音乐性，故选C。 答案 答案：D　根据语境可知，后文“that Kunqu is not only what's written—it is also the melody (曲调) the dance moves, the dresses”是作者所明白的事情，故选D。 课后课时作业 54 5．A.Although B．Since C．If D．Unless 6．A.attended B．missed C．canceled D．taught 答案：B　根据后文“I never imagined I could learn and perform it myself”可知，因为作者在一个没有昆曲表演的北方小镇长大，所以从来没有想过自己可以学习和表演昆曲，故选B。 答案 答案：A　根据后文“Saturday classes with teachers”可知，此处表示作者跟着剧院老师上课，attend class意为“上课”，故选A。 课后课时作业 55 7．A.strong­willed B．warm­hearted C．absent­minded D．bad­tempered 8．A.fault B．panic C．research D．training 答案：A　根据后文“often got up before 5 am to go to class”可知，作者每天早上5点前起床，所以作者是意志坚强的，故选A。 答案 答案：D　根据后文“like bow to stand and walk onstage”可知，这是训练内容，故选D。 课后课时作业 56 9．A.infection B．perfection C．reflection D．Rejection 10．A.helpless B．careless C．selfless D．effortless 答案：B　根据前文“many constraints (约束) of the form are the only way to artistic”和“My __8__ started with the basics”可知，此处表示形式的诸多约束是艺术臻于完美的唯一途径，故选B。 答案 答案：D　句意：表演者要付出很多的努力来展示他们在舞台上是多么的轻松自如。故选D。 课后课时作业 57 11．A.practicing B．watching C．directing D．Suspecting 12．A.ashamed B．devoted C．pleased D．embarrassed 答案：A　根据“continue”可知，作者是在美国上大学后继续练习昆曲，故选A。 答案 答案：C　根据后文“how this ancient art form has mixed with my studies and creations in modern art and poetry”可知，看到这一古老的艺术形式与作者在现代艺术和诗歌中的研究和创作相结合是很高兴的一件事，故选C。 课后课时作业 58 13．A.wish B．route C．life D．Family 14．A.speak up B．run out C．break down D．fade away 答案：C　根据前文“this ancient art form has mixed with my studies”可知，昆曲与作者的生活息息相关，故选C。 答案 答案：D　此处表示昆曲的价值和影响永远不会消失，fade away意为“逐渐消失”。故选D。 课后课时作业 59 15．A.available B．afraid C．ready D．proud 答案：B　根据前文“Kunqu has a magical power”可知，昆曲有一种魔力，让作者不害怕涉足不同的艺术形式，故选B。 答案 课后课时作业 60 Ⅱ　阅读 Flower­drum dancing is a traditional Chinese folk performance. It is popular across the country especially in places such as Fengyang in Anhui, Guangshan in Henan, and Haian in Jiangsu. 课后课时作业 61 The Haian flower­drum dance dates back to more than 400 years ago. It became popular in the areas of the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River in the Ming Dynasty (1368－1644). The art form was used to show the peaceful lives of local fisherwomen. It is still popular withP local people, known for its lively movements and gentleW1 music. In 2007, the Haian flower­drum dance was included in the list of art forms that make up Jiangsu's provincial intangible (非物质的) cultural heritage. Yang Peijie is an inheritor (传承) of the Haian flower­drum dance. He has been performing the dance for more than 50 years. “It has become a part of my life，” he said. 课后课时作业 62 In the 1960s, Yang joined an art troupe (艺术团) and started to learn the dance from older artists. At that time, people could only learn it in this way. There were no textbooks. Worrying the art may become lost, Yang spent five years studying the history of the dance and recordedW2 its movements in detail. He visited almost all the local artists and wrote a book about the subject in the 1980s. According to Yang, the dance movements are easy to learn and understand as they come from everyday life. “For example, there is a movement called fengbailiu (风摆柳)，it means you twist (扭动) your body like the wind blowing the willow trees (柳树)．” 课后课时作业 63 Nowadays, Yang focuses on promoting the dance among all age groups, especially the young. He set up a team to work on this. The team members visit about eight schools each year to teach students. It has been added to break­time exercises in many local schools. “To make it easier for kids to learn, we break down difficult movements into several simple ones，” Yang said. They also go to communities and parks to teach older people. “It's my responsibility to pass down the art. I don't want to see it get lost in my lifetime，” Yang said. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了海安花鼓的历史以及杨培杰为推广花鼓所作出的努力。 篇章导读 课后课时作业 64 1．What do we know about the Haian flower­drum dance? A．It was linked to the lives of local fishermen. B．It is famous for its light movements and music. C．It was included in the intangible cultural heritage list in 2007. D．It originated in the areas of the Yangtze River in the Ming Dynasty. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“It is still popular with local people, known for its lively movements and gentle music.”可知，海安花鼓以轻快的动作和音乐而闻名。故选B。 答案 课后课时作业 65 2．What did Yang do to keep the art alive? A．He put down what is relevant to it in the 1980s. B．He consulted the local government about its history. C．He wrote down the local artists' dance moves in detail. D．He joined an art troupe to learn the dance from older artists. 答案：A　细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“Worrying the art may become lost ... wrote a book about the subject in the 1980s.(由于担心这门艺术会失传，杨培杰花了5年时间研究这门舞蹈的历史，并详细记录了它的动作。他拜访了几乎所有的当地艺术家，并在20世纪80年代写了一本关于这个主题的书。)”可知，他在20世纪80年代写下了与海安花鼓相关的东西，以保持这门艺术的生命力。故选A。 答案 课后课时作业 66 3．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．Yang's love for flower­drum dance. B．The ways Yang teaches flower­drum dance. C．Difficulties in promoting flower­drum dance. D．Yang's attempts to popularize flower­drum dance. 答案：D　段落大意题。根据最后一段第一句“Nowadays, Yang focuses on promoting the dance among all age groups, especially the young.(如今，杨培杰致力于在各个年龄段，尤其是年轻人中推广花鼓。)”可知，最后一段主要讲述了杨培杰试图推广花鼓舞。故选D。 答案 课后课时作业 67 4．Which of the following can be a suitable title of this passage? A．Promoting a fork art B．Keeping the drum beat C．Continuing to perform a dance D．Learning to twist your body 答案：B　标题判断题。根据第一段第一句“Flower­drum dancing is a traditional Chinese folk performance.(花鼓是中国传统的民间表演。)”和最后一段第一句“Nowadays, Yang focuses on promoting the dance among all age groups, especially the young.(如今，杨培杰致力于在各个年龄段，尤其是年轻人中推广花鼓。)”可知，文章主要讲述了花鼓的历史以及杨为推广花鼓所作出的努力。故选B。 答案 课后课时作业 68 W重点单词 1．gentle adj. ________ 2．record v. ______ P重点短语 be popular with ___________________________ 轻柔的 记录 为……所喜欢；受……欢迎 课后课时作业 69 Ⅲ　语法填空 Whales have been facing serious danger for a long time. First, due __1__ the greenhouse effect, glaciers are melting, and some living creatures in the Antarctic and the Arctic are in danger of __2__ (extinct). Besides, with global warming __3__ (become) worse, life in other parts of the ocean has also been seriously affected, including whales. 课后课时作业 70 Secondly, whaling activity is another killer. Historically, whaling has been popular in some overseas countries, such as England, Japan and Norway. Some people's desire for money can't __4__ (meet) easily, and they regard whales as a money­making machine. A kilogram of whale meat can fetch about $100 in Japan. Besides, advanced technology has increased the efficiency of whaling and __5__ (great) reduced the number of whales. What's more, some countries are still on whaling in __6__ name of science. 课后课时作业 71 The fact __7__ whales have become endangered animals is alarming us. Some __8__ (organization) have begun working hard to save them. The international community __9__ (make) a strategy against commercial whaling. In my opinion, governments should also make laws __10__ (protect) whales. 1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________ 6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了鲸鱼长期以来面临灭绝的主要原因，以及国际组织对这一问题的重视。 篇章导读 课后课时作业 72 1．to　考查介词。句意：首先，由于温室效应，冰川正在融化，南极和北极的一些生物正面临灭绝的危险。due to是固定搭配，意为“因为，由于”。故填to。 2．extinction　考查词性转换。介词后接名词作宾语，extinct“灭绝的”，名词形式是extinction，是不可数名词，故填extinction。 3．becoming　考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，随着全球变暖越来越严重，海洋其他部分的生命也受到了严重影响，包括鲸鱼。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，global warming与become是主动关系，用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填becoming。 答案 课后课时作业 73 4．be met　考查动词的语态。句意：有些人对金钱的渴望无法轻易满足，他们把鲸鱼视为赚钱的机器。设空处作谓语，主语Some people's desire for money与meet是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，情态动词后用动词原形。故填be met。 5．greatly　考查词性转换。句意：此外，先进的技术提高了捕鲸的效率，极大地减少了鲸鱼的数量。此处应用副词修饰动词reduced，故填greatly。 6．the　考查冠词。句意：并且，一些国家仍在以科学的名义进行捕鲸。in the name of“以……的名义”，是固定短语，故填the。 7．that　考查同位语从句的连接词。句意：鲸鱼已经成为濒危动物的事实让我们感到担忧。设空处引导同位语从句，解释说明the fact，从句句意完整，成分齐全，用连接词that，无词义，不作成分，仅起引导作用，故填that。 答案 课后课时作业 74 8．organizations　考查名词。此句中缺主语，且主语前有some修饰，应使用可数名词复数。故填organizations。 9．has made　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：国际社会制定了一种反对商业捕鲸的策略。根据句意，描述过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果，用现在完成时；主语community是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填has made。 10．to protect　考查非谓语动词。句意：在我看来，政府也应该制定法律，保护鲸鱼。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to protect。 答案 课后课时作业 75 R $$