UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（译林版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语核心知识，系统梳理重点词汇（含基础词如incident、forecast及拓展词汇如division-divide的词形转换）、短语（如take apart、apart from）及句型（强调句、同位语从句），以“词汇积累-短语运用-语法突破”为脉络，通过词汇辨析、语法对比及分层练习构建学习支架，助力学生夯实基础并向高阶能力过渡。 资料亮点在于融合新课标核心素养：语言能力方面，核心词汇配易混辨析（如incident/accident/event）及语境例句，深化理解；思维品质上，同位语从句与定语从句对比表格及“判断从句类型”训练，培养分析比较能力；学习能力层面，即学活用（选词填空、语法填空）与分层练习（短语选填、连接词短文填空）实现学练结合。课中辅助教师突破难点，课后练习帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺，提升综合语言运用能力。

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage & Integrated skills Ⅰ.重点单词 基础单词 1．incident n. 事件；冲突 2．forecast vt. 预测，预报n. 预测，预报 3．motion n. 提议，动议；运动；动作 4．vote vt. &vi. 投票，表决n. 选票；投票 5．canal n. 运河 6．migration n. 迁徙，迁移，移居 7．splendour n. 壮丽，雄伟 8．basin n. 盆地；洗脸盆；盆；流域 9．primitive adj. 简陋的，落后的；原始的，远古的 10．humble vt. 使感到谦卑，使感到自惭 adj. 谦虚的，谦卑的 拓展词汇 11．division n．分歧；分开，分隔→divide v．除；(使)分开；使产生分歧 12．architect n. 建筑师；设计师→architecture n．建筑学；建筑风格→architectural adj.建筑学的；建筑方面的 13．operator n．操作人员，技工；接线员→operate v．运转；动手术；操作→operation n．操作；运作；手术 14．cooperation n．合作，协作；协助，配合→cooperate v．合作；配合；协助→cooperative adj.合作的；协助的 15．interrupt vt.打扰，插嘴；使暂停，使中断vi.打扰，插嘴→interruption n．中断时间；打扰 16．conservation n．保护；保持→conserve vt.保护；保存→conservationist n．自然环境保护主义者 17．reserve n．自然保护区；储备 vt.预订；预留；保留→reservation n．预约，预订；保留意见 18．intense adj.很大的，十分强烈的；有强烈感情的，热切的；激烈的→intensely adv.强烈地；紧张地；热情地 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．take apart 拆开 2．apart from 除……之外 3．pass on to 递给；传给 4．in turn 相应地；转而；轮流，依次 5．call for 需要 6．contribute to 有助于；捐献；促成；投稿 7．bring up 提出；养育 8．inform sb of sth 告诉/通知某人某事 9．wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损，损耗 10．put...in danger 使……处于危险之中 11．take...as an example 以……为例 12．the likes of 像……这样的人/物 13．under threat 受到威胁 14．raise public awareness of 提高公众的……意识 15．be ignorant of 不知道；不了解 16．in advance 预先，提前 Ⅲ.重点句型 1．It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. 直到他妻子回来，他才上床睡觉。 2．They were delighted at the news that their team had won. 当听到他们的球队赢了的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[核心词汇·练透] incident n．事件；冲突 Older and wiser now，Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion(莽撞)． 年龄大了，也更明智了，伯奇尔把那次事件归咎于年轻人的莽撞。 [易混辨析] incident “事件，事变”，尤指令人不快的、不寻常的事或暴力事件，还可指国家间的摩擦和冲突；不太重要的小事。 accident 强调偶然或意外发生的不幸的事，尤指事故。 event 尤指历史上重大的、引人瞩目的事件。还可以表示国际、国内的大事以及体育比赛项目。 [即学活用] 选词填空(incident，accident，event) ①I am very much surprised to hear that he got badly injured in a motorcar accident. ②After the children had been punished, nobody mentioned the incident again. ③Our team won the silver medal in this event. 单句语法填空 ④He told me of an incident that took place on his first day at school. ⑤The attack was the latest in a series of incidents (incident) in the area. interrupt vt.打扰，插嘴；使暂停，使中断 vi.打扰，插嘴 (1)interrupt sb/sth (with sth)　(因某事)打断某人/某事 (2)interruption n．　打扰，插嘴；阻断物 without interruption　连续地，不间断地 The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. 适当程度的背景噪声可能会打断我们正常的思维模式，从而放飞我们的想象力，而不会让我们无法集中注意力。 [即学活用] 完成句子 ①The noise interrupted us in our conversation. 噪声打断了我们的谈话。 ②He was angry at being interrupted with such silly questions in his speech. 他对在他的演讲时被这样愚蠢的问题打断而生气。 ③She has kept up physical training for several years without interruption. 她坚持身体锻炼，多年来从未间断。 vote vt.&vi.投票，表决n.选票；投票 (1)vote sb (to be)．..　选某人(当)…… vote to do sth 投票表决做某事；一致认为做某事 vote for 投票赞成 vote through 投票通过(计划、法令等) vote against 投票反对 (2)have a vote on...　对……进行表决 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He has been voted national sports writer of the year 11 times. 他11次被评为年度体育作家。 [即学活用] 单词语法填空 ①That was the name students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too dull. ②Recently, we have voted (vote) him our monitor. ③They voted to continue (continue) the struggle. ④Whether you vote for or against the proposal doesn't seem to matter very much. ⑤The chairman asked us to have a vote on the plan. reserve n．自然保护区；储备；替补队员；储藏量 vt.预订；预留；保留 (1)without reserve　毫无保留地；直言不讳地 in reserve　储备；备用 reserve sth for sb　为某人保留某物 (2)reservation n．　保留；预订(房间、座位等) make a reservation　预订(座位、房间等) His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there. 它的母亲、祖母和曾祖母都出生在保护区，现在仍住在那里。 [即学活用] 写出下列句中 reserve的词性及含义 ①Visit the famous Panda Reserve to see the lovely animals.n.保护区 ②He ended up as a reserve, but still qualified for a team gold medal.n.替补队员 ③I rang the hotel to reserve a double room.v.预订 ④Climate change is a continuing process, so Norphel's ice reserve will not last forever.n.储备 ⑤If you order after that, we reserve the right to either accept or reject order requests at the discounted price.v.保留 单句语法填空 ⑥When talking to a friend, we should be frank and without reserve. ⑦It is advisable to keep some food in reserve in case of emergency. ⑧I told my family that I made a reservation (reserve) for a single with a bath. 同位语从句 同位语从句 一、同位语从句的连接词及其功能 从属 连词 that 无意义，不作成分，不可省略 whether 表示“是否”，不作成分，不能用if代替 连接代词 what, who, whom, whose, which 有词义，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语 连接副词 where, when, why, how 有词义，作状语 二、同位语从句的注意事项 1．分隔式同位语从句：有时同位语从句与其所说明的名词会被其他成分隔开，从而形成分隔式同位语从句，这样做主要是为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻。 Word came that some wolves were caught around that village. 有消息传来说在那个村子周围捕获了几只狼。 2．名词suggestion, order, demand, command, request, desire，proposal等表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后的同位语从句要使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 The suggestion that the new rule (should) be adopted came from the chairman. 采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。 3．在肯定句中，名词doubt后的同位语从句用whether引导；在否定句或疑问句中，doubt后的同位语从句用that引导。 There is some doubt whether he will leave. 对于他是否离开有些疑问。 I have no doubt that he will win the game. 我坚信他会赢得这场比赛。 三、同位语从句与定语从句的区别 从意义上看 从引导词上看 作用相当于 对先行词的作用 that wh­类引导词 同位语从句 名词 解释，说明 无意义，不作成分，不可省略 有意义，作成分，其前面无意义相当的先行词 定语 从句 形容词 修饰，限制 that指代先行词，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，作主语时不可省，有时可用which代替 有意义，作成分，其前面有意义相当的先行词； whether，how，what等不能用来引导定语从句 The fact that there is no life on the moon is known to all.(同位语从句) 月球上没有生命这个事实大家都知道。 The fact that he often talks about is useless to us.(定语从句) 他经常谈论的这个事实对我们毫无用处。 [对点训练] 判断加黑部分是定语从句还是同位语从句 ①He will never forget the days when he lived with his grandparents.定语从句 ②He has no idea when the meeting will be held.同位语从句 ③We are glad at the news that he will come.同位语从句 ④We are sad about the news that he told us.定语从句 单句语法填空 ⑤There is no doubt that I will enhance its reputation through my efforts. ⑥We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time. ⑦The fact that she works hard is well known to all. ⑧I have no idea when he will start. ⑨Do you have any idea what it means to be poor? ⑩He gave orders that the work (should) be started (start) immediately. ⑪I have some doubt whether she will come on time. ⑫There can be little doubt that this kind of class can help the gifted children to graduate earlier. ⑬Word came that we would have lessons on Saturday. Ⅰ.短语选填 take apart； in turn； apart from； sum up； be ignorant of； call for； in advance； be impressed with 1．A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which will in turn promote its economic development. 2．Apart from my studies, I get involved in lots of after­school activities, so my school life is very rich. 3．After we accomplished this task, we sit down to sum up experience for our future tasks. 4．The curious child wants to take apart a watch to see what makes it work. 5．Cooperation is crucial, and we shouldn't be ignorant of the progress being made in other countries. 6．This meeting room is a non­smoking area. I would like to warn you in advance that if you smoked here, you would be fined. 7．The U．N. called for Asian countries to be on heightened alert for a new breakout of bird flu. 8．We will be impressed with the newly learnt words only if they are frequently used in everyday communication. Ⅱ.写出下列句子中黑体部分连接词引导的从句类型 1．The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.同位语从句 2．The idea that he gave surprises many people. 定语从句 3．The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. 同位语从句 4．The suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical. 定语从句 5．Dad made a promise that he would buy me a CD player if I passed the English test. 同位语从句 6．Dad made a promise that excited all his children. 定语从句 7．I had no idea at all what I should do next. 同位语从句 8．There is no proof whether he was killed by others. 同位语从句 9．The first request that he made was to ask for freedom. 定语从句 10．This is the reason that he gave for his absence. 定语从句 Ⅲ.用适当的连接词完成下面短文 While I was walking outside, I received a message 1.that the company asked me to go for work tomorrow. I went to my father in a hurry to ask him for advice 2.how I could get used to work quickly. The other day, he made a promise 3.that he would help me. I had no idea 4.how I could get along with my colleagues. Then I asked him a question 5.what I should do to balance the relationship between work and life. My father patiently answered my confusion. He had a belief 6.that I was going to be a great person. There was no doubt 7.that my father's words encouraged me greatly. I had a wish 8.that I would become a useful man to society. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $