精品解析：安徽省普通高中2023-2024学年学业水平合格性测试英语试题

2024年安徽省普通高中学业水平合格性考试 英语真题卷 时间：90分钟 满分：100分 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A To learn about the special connections between humans and animals read the following books. Until the Road Ends by Phil Earle In this story, Peggy and her dog Beau are separated when she is sent to the countryside. Left behind in the city, Beau becomes a hero, helping a lot of families in need. When will Beau and Peggy meet again? Calling the Whales by Jasbinder Bilan Tulsi and Satchen are rowing out to an island when they discover a whale. It is caught in a fishing net (网) in the sea. They are determined to free it, but their boat overturns in a storm. Fortunately, help is on its way. Finding Bear by Hannah Gold A girl named April is back home from her adventure, but she can’t stop thinking about Bear. Hearing that a polar bear (北极熊) has been shot and wounded in Svalbard, she believes it’s her friend and soon starts a journey to the northernmost area of the Arctic to find him. Lenny Lemmon and the Invincible Rat by Ben Davis When Lenny finds a rat (老鼠) at the back of the cafe, he decides to bring it to school. The classroom is totally in a mess! Can the kids catch the rat successfully or will they end up in the headmaster’s office? 1. Who wrote the book Until the Road Ends? A. Phil Earle. B. Jasbinder Bilan. C. Hannah Gold. D. Ben Davis. 2. What can we learn about the whale in Calling the Whales? A. It saves Tulsi and Satchen. B. It turns the boat over. C. It’s discovered on an island. D. It’s caught in a fishing net. 3. Which book mentions a girl named April? A. Until the Road Ends. B. Calling the Whales. C. Finding Bear. D. Lenny Lemmon and the Invincible Rat. B Danay loves to read. Her parents often find her awake past her bedtime, under the covers with a flashlight, racing to the end of a story. To Danay, all books have a magic of their own. Danay was shocked to find that kids near her may not own books or get to visit a library. She decided that needed to change. So she started an organization called Reading Heart. It collects books donated by people in the community. Then Danay and her family and friends hand them out to kids in schools, hospitals, and low-income areas nearby. In four years, they’ve given away nearly 400,000 books! On visits to schools, Danay turns the book giveaway into a party. With dancing, free T-shirts, and tables of books, her “Book Tour” has visited more than 150 schools in her area to get kids excited about reading. After kids choose their books, Danay gives them a challenge. “They can keep their book for as long as they like,” she says. “But when they finish it, they share it with a friend.” By exchanging books, Danay explains, kids get to read even more, yet still have a book to keep. “It’s like building mini (小型的) libraries for each kid. When we give 500 kids a book to share, each kid has the chance to read 500 books!” Once a year, Danay holds a Reading Extravaganza at a park. Every year, more than 4,000 kids walk away with bags full of free books they can read over the summer. Danay loves helping others discover the magic of reading. “It’s an amazing feeling to see a kid’s smile when they get a book for the first time.” 4. Why did Danay start Reading Heart? A. To raise money for kids. B. To collect books for libraries. C. To find her favourite books. D. To help kids get books to read. 5. What are the kids required to do after finishing reading a book? A. Share it with a friend. B. Give it to a library. C. Keep it all the time. D. Read it once again. 6. How many kids get free books at Reading Extravaganza every year? A More than 150. B. About 500. C. Over 4,000. D. Nearly 400,000. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. Opening More Libraries B. Spreading Magic of Reading C. Educating Kids at Partics D. Enjoying School Activities C Have you ever found yourself attracted to a juicy red apple? Do you feel energetic when you walk through green forest? We are surrounded by different colours but usually pay little attention to them, Actually, colours have a relationship-with experiences, feelings and memories. Finding the colours that make you happy and bringing them into your life can do good to your well-being. “Colour is a way to express yourself, ” says colour expert Karen Haller. Whether it’s your clothes, hair, toys or wallpaper, colour is a tool to show your personality. Colours can also excite or calm you. The use of bright colours can even help you concentrate and remember information more easily. Your colour likes and dislikes are personal and there’s no right or wrong answer when it comes to choosing your favourite colours. Research has shown that your attitude to colour is connected to your feelings and experiences. For example, many people love the colour blue because it reminds them of the sea. To work out which colours bring joy to you, Haller suggests pulling out all your colouring pencils and seeing which ones you like best—or think which colours you use the most. Once you’ve worked out the colours you find uplifting, choose how you’d like to add these into your life. Perhaps it’s in your art work or your choice of clothes or the colour of your bedroom. You could pay more attention to these positive colours when you’re out and about, or create a colourful mood(心情) board to look at if you’re not feeling your best. Haller suggests choosing a special object made up of your favourite colours, so you can look at it whenever your mood is a bit low, 8. How does the author introduce the topic at the beginning of the text? A. By asking questions. B. By sharing a story. C. By comparing opinions. D. By describing an event. 9. Why do many people like the colour blue according to the author? A. It reflects their dislikes. B. It reminds them of the sea. C. It changes their personality. D. It helps them choose pencils. 10. What does the underlined word “uplifting” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Interesting. B. Surprising. C. Peaceful. D. Cheerful. 11. What does Karen Haller suggest when your mood is low? A. Putting away all your colourful clothes. B. Adding more objects to your own bedroom. C. Trying your best to create an artwrork of your own. D. Looking at the object made up of your favourite colours. D Dogs are well-known for wagging (摇摆) their tails when they are happy or excited. Recent research has revealed, however, that dogs’ tail-wagging is more complicated (复杂的) than many people believe. A group of scientists did more than 100 researches on how and why dogs wag their tails. They found dogs’ tails wag more to the right when they are experiencing positive feelings. Dogs’ tails wag more to the left when something makes them nervous or uncertain. When a dog’s tail is wagging low to the ground, it is a sign that the dog is willing or trying to please or calm someone. Dogs seem to understand different ways of tail-wagging can communicate different meanings. For example, when dogs see videos of other dogs’ tails wagging to the left, they show signs of stress. However, humans still have a great deal to learn about tail-wagging. One big question is why dogs wag their tails so much. The researchers suggested two possible explanations. One is that the humans who first raised dogs may have preferred dogs that were friendly toward humans, so those dogs were more likely to wag their tails. The other is that people were drawn to the rhythms (节奏) of a wagging tail, so they were more likely to choose dogs that wagged tails often. This feature would have been passed down. The scientists say further research should be done to understand more about the behaviour. “We still don’t know exactly which parts of the dog’s brain control which features of the tail-wagging,” researcher Andrea Ravignani said. 12. How will a dog wag its tail when it is nervous according to the text? A. More to the left. B. To the fast thythm. C. More to the right. D. Low to the ground. 13. What does Andrea Ravignani mean in the last paragraph? A. People usually prefer dogs wagging tails less. B. A dog’s brain has little to do with tail-wagging. C. The feature of dogs’ tail-wagging might disappear. D. There is still a lot to learn about dogs’ tail-wagging. 14 What is the text aimed at? A. Giving some suggestions. B. Introducing some scientists. C. Explaining a behaviour of dogs. D. Showing ways of raising dogs. 15. Which section of a magazine is the text probably taken from? A. Sport. B. Science. C. History. D. Art. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The study of family history is a popular hobby in China and around the world. Finding out about your close relatives and family members who lived in past times can help you learn more about your cultural background and feel closer to your family. Here’s how you can get started. ___16___ One fun way to begin is by making a family tree. On a large piece of paper, write the names of the people in your immediate(直系的) family across the bottom. Add other family members and draw lines to show how they’re connected, including grandparents, great-grandparents, aunts and uncles, and cousins. ___17___ . Research names ___18___ . When you look at your family tree, you may see a few common last names. These last names can give you some information about your family’s history. Some last names are related(相关的) to jobs while others might be related to where a family lived. Learn your traditions One way many families honour their heritage(传统) is by-passing down traditions, such as how you celebrate holidays. ___19___ . Ask a relative to show you how to make some of your family’s special dishes. Other traditions that may be passed down are family stories. Plan a family get-together One of the best ways to celebrate your family history and learn more is to get together with your relatives. ___20___ If it’s not possible to have a get-together in person, you could plan a time for your relatives to join a video call. This could be a great opportunity to ask people to show photos, add to your family tree, or share their favourite traditions. A. Make a family tree B. This may include food customs C. Many people don’t like traditional foods D. Keep adding names as far back as possible E. Discuss a convenient location for everyone F. You and your family can also create new family traditions together G. Last names are one way families may be connected across generations 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My journey home from school is nothing special. The train’s always busy, but I usually ___21___ a seat and start reading or texting my friends, not to look at other people. But last Tuesday was ___22___. I was happily looking out of the window listening to some new music when the train ___23___ stopped. After about five minutes, I ___24___ people were starting to get a bit annoyed (恼火). Fifteen minutes later, people started getting more and more ___25___ — the train still hadn’t moved. Finally, from the loudspeaker came a voice, “We are sorry to ___26___ that this train is delayed (延误), ___27___ a train has broken down in front of us.” That seemed to calm people down and we all went back to what we were doing before. Then ___28___ unexpected happened: complete strangers started ___29___ each other. I started chatting to a couple of young tourists sitting opposite me. Next, I really surprised myself by starting a ____30____ with a businesswoman. She was going to have three months ____31____ work to climb Mount Everest. Then, I met another woman who had been a student at my school seven years before and she ____32____ lots of my teachers. It seems my teachers were just as strict then as they are now. A young woman took out her guitar and soon we were ____33____ along. It was so much fun. Then after two and a half hours our train ____34____ again. Everyone clapped and cheered and some people, complete ____35____ three hours before, even hugged. It was amazing talking to people. Actually, people are a lot cooler than I thought. 21. A. find B. repair C. miss D. design 22. A. natural B. important C. ordinary D. different 23. A. recently B. usually C. suddenly D. successfully 24. A. ensured B. noticed C. decided D. explained 25. A. impatient B. uninterested C. unafraid D. independent 26. A. refuse B. announce C. promise D. fear 27. A. unless B. until C. as D. so 28. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything 29. A. standing over B. laughing at C. fighting with D. talking to 30. A. conversation B. party C. school D. conference 31. A. at B. off C. for D. in 32. A. knew B. encouraged C. drove D. forgot 33. A. arguing B. chatting C. dining D. singing 34. A. failed B. stopped C. moved D. arrived 35. A. friends B. strangers C. neighbours D. classmates 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 We spend a major part—about one-third—of our lives sleeping. During this time, our body grows stronger and our brain ___36___ (get) to rest. Humans need different amounts of sleep at different ___37___ (stage) of life. Children usually need more sleep, ___38___ (compare) to adults, because they are still growing. Older people need to sleep for ___39___ (short) periods of time than the young. ___40___ (general）, most individuals need seven to eight hours of sleep a night. A lot of people, however, don’t get enough sleep. Many of ___41___ (we) are under a lot of pressure because of the busy nature of modern life. This causes problems for the part of the brain ___42___ controls our feelings. For example, ___43___ enough sleep, we become angry or worried easily. If you have trouble sleeping, you should prepare for your sleep by taking ___44___ warm shower, listening to music, or drinking warm milk. Milk contains melatonin(褪黑素）, which causes us ____45____ (feel) sleepy. 第三部分 写作（满分25分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周日你和同学一起在公园参加了一次“保护环境，你我有责”的主题活动。请用英语给你的外国朋友 Rick写一封邮件，分享你的经历。要点如下： 1. 介绍活动情况； 2. 表达个人感受。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 格式已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Rick, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024年安徽省普通高中学业水平合格性考试 英语真题卷 时间：90分钟 满分：100分 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A To learn about the special connections between humans and animals, read the following books. Until the Road Ends by Phil Earle In this story, Peggy and her dog Beau are separated when she is sent to the countryside. Left behind in the city, Beau becomes a hero, helping a lot of families in need. When will Beau and Peggy meet again? Calling the Whales by Jasbinder Bilan Tulsi and Satchen are rowing out to an island when they discover a whale. It is caught in a fishing net (网) in the sea. They are determined to free it, but their boat overturns in a storm. Fortunately, help is on its way. Finding Bear by Hannah Gold A girl named April is back home from her adventure, but she can’t stop thinking about Bear. Hearing that a polar bear (北极熊) has been shot and wounded in Svalbard, she believes it’s her friend and soon starts a journey to the northernmost area of the Arctic to find him. Lenny Lemmon and the Invincible Rat by Ben Davis When Lenny finds a rat (老鼠) at the back of the cafe, he decides to bring it to school. The classroom is totally in a mess! Can the kids catch the rat successfully or will they end up in the headmaster’s office? 1. Who wrote the book Until the Road Ends? A. Phil Earle. B. Jasbinder Bilan. C. Hannah Gold. D. Ben Davis. 2 What can we learn about the whale in Calling the Whales? A. It saves Tulsi and Satchen. B. It turns the boat over. C. It’s discovered on an island. D. It’s caught in a fishing net. 3. Which book mentions a girl named April? A. Until the Road Ends. B. Calling the Whales. C. Finding Bear. D. Lenny Lemmon and the Invincible Rat. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了几本关于人类与动物之间特殊联系的书籍，包括《直到路尽头》、《呼唤鲸鱼》、《寻找熊》和《莱尼·莱蒙与无敌老鼠》。每本书都讲述了一个人类与动物之间发生的有趣故事。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“Until the Road Ends by Phil Earle(Phil Earle的《直到路尽头》)”可知，《直到路尽头》这本书是由Phil Earle写的。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Calling the Whales 部分中“It is caught in a fishing net (网) in the sea.(它被海里的渔网缠住了。)”可知，在《呼唤鲸鱼》这本书中，我们了解到鲸鱼被困在海中的渔网里。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Finding Bear by Hannah Gold部分中“A girl named April is back home from her adventure，but she can’t stop thinking about Bear(一个名叫April的女孩结束了她的冒险回到了家，但她无法停止对Bear的思念。)”可知，在《寻找熊》这本书中提到了一个名叫April的女孩。故选C项。 B Danay loves to read. Her parents often find her awake past her bedtime, under the covers with a flashlight, racing to the end of a story. To Danay, all books have a magic of their own. Danay was shocked to find that kids near her may not own books or get to visit a library. She decided that needed to change. So she started an organization called Reading Heart. It collects books donated by people in the community. Then Danay and her family and friends hand them out to kids in schools, hospitals, and low-income areas nearby. In four years, they’ve given away nearly 400,000 books! On visits to schools, Danay turns the book giveaway into a party. With dancing, free T-shirts, and tables of books, her “Book Tour” has visited more than 150 schools in her area to get kids excited about reading. After kids choose their books, Danay gives them a challenge. “They can keep their book for as long as they like,” she says. “But when they finish it, they share it with a friend.” By exchanging books, Danay explains, kids get to read even more, yet still have a book to keep. “It’s like building mini (小型的) libraries for each kid. When we give 500 kids a book to share, each kid has the chance to read 500 books!” Once a year, Danay holds a Reading Extravaganza at a park. Every year, more than 4,000 kids walk away with bags full of free books they can read over the summer. Danay loves helping others discover the magic of reading. “It’s an amazing feeling to see a kid’s smile when they get a book for the first time.” 4. Why did Danay start Reading Heart? A. To raise money for kids. B. To collect books for libraries. C. To find her favourite books. D. To help kids get books to read. 5. What are the kids required to do after finishing reading a book? A. Share it with a friend. B. Give it to a library. C. Keep it all the time. D. Read it once again. 6. How many kids get free books at Reading Extravaganza every year? A More than 150. B. About 500. C. Over 4,000. D. Nearly 400,000. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. Opening More Libraries B. Spreading Magic of Reading C. Educating Kids at Partics D. Enjoying School Activities 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Danay通过成立Reading Heart组织，收集并分发书籍给缺少阅读资源的孩子，四年间送出近40万本书，激发孩子们对阅读的兴趣，帮助他们发现阅读的魔力。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Danay was shocked to find that kids near her may not own books or get to visit a library. She decided that needed to change. So she started an organization called Reading Heart. It collects books donated by people in the community. Then Danay and her family and friends hand them out to kids in schools, hospitals, and low-income areas nearby. (Danay震惊地发现，她附近的孩子可能没有自己的书，也没有机会去图书馆。她决定需要改变。所以她成立了一个名为Reading Heart的组织。它收集社区里人们捐赠的书籍。然后Danay和她的家人和朋友把它们分发给附近学校、医院和低收入地区的孩子们)”可知，Danay成立该组织是为了帮助孩子们获得阅读的书籍。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“But when they finish it, they share it with a friend. (但当他们完成（阅读）后，他们会和朋友分享)”可知，孩子们被要求在读完一本书后与朋友分享。故选A项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Once a year, Danay holds a Reading Extravaganza at a park. Every year, more than 4,000 kids walk away with bags full of free books they can read over the summer. (Danay每年在公园举办一次“阅读盛会”。每年，有4000多名孩子带着装满免费书籍的袋子离开，他们可以在整个夏天阅读)”可知，每年有超过4000名孩子在“阅读盛会”上获得免费书籍。故选C项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“To Danay, all books have a magic of their own. (对Danay来说，所有的书都有自己的魔力)”和最后一段中“Danay loves helping others discover the magic of reading. (Danay喜欢帮助别人发现阅读的魔力)”可知，文章讲述了Danay通过成立Reading Heart组织，收集并分发书籍给缺少阅读资源的孩子，四年间送出近40万本书，激发孩子们对阅读的兴趣，帮助他们发现阅读的魔力。因此，B项“传播阅读的魔力”概括了Danay发起该组织的愿景，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 C Have you ever found yourself attracted to a juicy red apple? Do you feel energetic when you walk through green forest? We are surrounded by different colours but usually pay little attention to them, Actually, colours have a relationship-with experiences, feelings and memories. Finding the colours that make you happy and bringing them into your life can do good to your well-being. “Colour is a way to express yourself, ” says colour expert Karen Haller. Whether it’s your clothes, hair, toys or wallpaper, colour is a tool to show your personality. Colours can also excite or calm you. The use of bright colours can even help you concentrate and remember information more easily. Your colour likes and dislikes are personal and there’s no right or wrong answer when it comes to choosing your favourite colours. Research has shown that your attitude to colour is connected to your feelings and experiences. For example, many people love the colour blue because it reminds them of the sea. To work out which colours bring joy to you, Haller suggests pulling out all your colouring pencils and seeing which ones you like best—or think which colours you use the most. Once you’ve worked out the colours you find uplifting, choose how you’d like to add these into your life. Perhaps it’s in your art work or your choice of clothes or the colour of your bedroom. You could pay more attention to these positive colours when you’re out and about, or create a colourful mood(心情) board to look at if you’re not feeling your best. Haller suggests choosing a special object made up of your favourite colours, so you can look at it whenever your mood is a bit low, 8. How does the author introduce the topic at the beginning of the text? A. By asking questions. B. By sharing a story. C. By comparing opinions. D. By describing an event. 9. Why do many people like the colour blue according to the author? A. It reflects their dislikes. B. It reminds them of the sea. C. It changes their personality. D. It helps them choose pencils. 10. What does the underlined word “uplifting” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Interesting. B. Surprising. C. Peaceful. D. Cheerful. 11. What does Karen Haller suggest when your mood is low? A. Putting away all your colourful clothes. B. Adding more objects to your own bedroom. C. Trying your best to create an artwrork of your own. D. Looking at the object made up of your favourite colours. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了颜色与人的关系，包括颜色可以影响人的幸福感、个性展示和情绪等，以及如何通过选择和添加喜欢的颜色来改善心情和提升幸福感。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段前两句“Have you ever found yourself attracted to a juicy red apple? Do you feel energetic when you walk through green forest? (你有没有发现自己被一只多汁的红苹果所吸引？当你穿过绿色的森林时，你会感到精力充沛吗？)”可知，文章开头通过问问题来引出主题。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段中“For example, many people love the colour blue because it reminds them of the sea. (例如，许多人喜欢蓝色，因为它让他们想起大海。)”可知，许多人喜欢蓝色是因为它让他们想起大海。故选B项。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。由文章第四段中划线词后面的句子“... choose how you’d like to add these into your life(……选择你想如何将这些融入你的生活)”以及后文中“You could pay more attention to these positive colours when you’re out and about, or create a colourful mood(心情) board to look at if you’re not feeling your best. (当你外出的时候，你可以多关注这些积极的颜色，或者如果你感觉不舒服的话，制作一个彩色的心情板来看。)”可知，当感觉不舒服的时候，可以制作一个彩色的心情板来看，可以推测出此处是指一旦你弄清楚哪些颜色让你振奋，就选择你想把这些颜色添加到你的生活中，所以此处uplifting的意思是“振奋的，令人高兴的”，和选项D“Cheerful. (高兴的)”意思一致。故选D项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。由文章最后一段最后一句“Haller suggests choosing a special object made up of your favourite colours, so you can look at it whenever your mood is a bit low, (Haller建议选择一个由你最喜欢的颜色组成的特殊物品，这样每当你的心情有点低落的时候，你就可以看着它，)”可知，Karen Haller建议当心情低落时，看着由你最喜欢的颜色组成的物品。故选D项。 D Dogs are well-known for wagging (摇摆) their tails when they are happy or excited. Recent research has revealed, however, that dogs’ tail-wagging is more complicated (复杂的) than many people believe. A group of scientists did more than 100 researches on how and why dogs wag their tails. They found dogs’ tails wag more to the right when they are experiencing positive feelings. Dogs’ tails wag more to the left when something makes them nervous or uncertain. When a dog’s tail is wagging low to the ground, it is a sign that the dog is willing or trying to please or calm someone. Dogs seem to understand different ways of tail-wagging can communicate different meanings. For example, when dogs see videos of other dogs’ tails wagging to the left, they show signs of stress. However, humans still have a great deal to learn about tail-wagging. One big question is why dogs wag their tails so much. The researchers suggested two possible explanations. One is that the humans who first raised dogs may have preferred dogs that were friendly toward humans, so those dogs were more likely to wag their tails. The other is that people were drawn to the rhythms (节奏) of a wagging tail, so they were more likely to choose dogs that wagged tails often. This feature would have been passed down. The scientists say further research should be done to understand more about the behaviour. “We still don’t know exactly which parts of the dog’s brain control which features of the tail-wagging,” researcher Andrea Ravignani said. 12. How will a dog wag its tail when it is nervous according to the text? A. More to the left. B. To the fast thythm. C. More to the right. D. Low to the ground. 13 What does Andrea Ravignani mean in the last paragraph? A. People usually prefer dogs wagging tails less. B. A dog’s brain has little to do with tail-wagging. C. The feature of dogs’ tail-wagging might disappear. D. There is still a lot to learn about dogs’ tail-wagging. 14. What is the text aimed at? A. Giving some suggestions. B. Introducing some scientists. C. Explaining a behaviour of dogs. D. Showing ways of raising dogs. 15. Which section of a magazine is the text probably taken from? A. Sport. B. Science. C. History. D. Art. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了科学家对狗摇尾巴行为的研究，揭示了狗摇尾巴的复杂性，包括狗在不同情绪下尾巴摇摆的方向和含义，以及人类对此行为的理解仍有待深入。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段“Dogs’ tails wag more to the left when something makes them nervous or uncertain.( 当有什么东西让狗感到紧张或不确定时，它们的尾巴会更多地向左摇摆。)”可知，当狗紧张时，它的尾巴会更多地向左摇摆。故选A项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段研究者Andrea Ravignani的话“We still don’t know exactly which parts of the dog’s brain control which features of the tail-wagging,( 我们仍然不知道狗的大脑中哪些部分控制尾巴摇摆的哪些特征。)”可知，关于狗的尾巴摇摆，还有很多未知的信息需要我们去了解和学习。因此，Andrea Ravignani的意思是我们对狗的尾巴摇摆还有很多要学习的。故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段“Recent research has revealed, however, that dogs’ tail-wagging is more complicated (复杂的) than many people believe.( 然而，最近的研究揭示，狗的摇尾巴行为比许多人认为的要复杂得多。)”以及后文对狗摇尾巴行为的研究介绍可知，本文主要介绍的是科学家对狗摇尾巴行为的研究，解释狗的一种行为。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段“Recent research has revealed, however, that dogs’ tail-wagging is more complicated (复杂的) than many people believe.( 然而，最近的研究揭示，狗的摇尾巴行为比许多人认为的要复杂得多。)”以及通读全文可知，文章介绍了科学家对狗摇尾巴行为的研究可知，文章属于科学研究范畴，所以这篇文章可能来自杂志的“科学”部分。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The study of family history is a popular hobby in China and around the world. Finding out about your close relatives and family members who lived in past times can help you learn more about your cultural background and feel closer to your family. Here’s how you can get started. ___16___ One fun way to begin is by making a family tree. On a large piece of paper, write the names of the people in your immediate(直系的) family across the bottom. Add other family members and draw lines to show how they’re connected, including grandparents, great-grandparents, aunts and uncles, and cousins. ___17___ . Research names ___18___ . When you look at your family tree, you may see a few common last names. These last names can give you some information about your family’s history. Some last names are related(相关的) to jobs while others might be related to where a family lived. Learn your traditions One way many families honour their heritage(传统) is by-passing down traditions, such as how you celebrate holidays. ___19___ . Ask a relative to show you how to make some of your family’s special dishes. Other traditions that may be passed down are family stories. Plan a family get-together One of the best ways to celebrate your family history and learn more is to get together with your relatives. ___20___ If it’s not possible to have a get-together in person, you could plan a time for your relatives to join a video call. This could be a great opportunity to ask people to show photos, add to your family tree, or share their favourite traditions. A. Make a family tree B. This may include food customs C. Many people don’t like traditional foods D. Keep adding names as far back as possible E. Discuss a convenient location for everyone F. You and your family can also create new family traditions together G. Last names are one way families may be connected across generations 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. G 19. B 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究家族史的方法和步骤，包括制作家谱、研究名字、了解传统以及计划家庭聚会等几个方面，旨在帮助人们更好地了解自己的文化背景和家族历史。 【16题详解】 设空处为段落主题句，根据下文“One fun way to begin is by making a family tree.(一个有趣的开始方式是制作家谱。)”说明一个有趣的开始方式是制作家谱，A选项“Make a family tree(制作家谱)”符合文意，下文为对A选项的具体解释说明。故选A。 【17题详解】 上文“On a large piece of paper, write the names of the people in your immediate(直系的) family across the bottom. Add other family members and draw lines to show how they’re connected, including grandparents, great-grandparents, aunts and uncles, and cousins.(在一张大纸上，把你直系亲属的名字写在底部。添加其他家庭成员，并画线表示他们之间的联系，包括祖父母、曾祖父母、阿姨、叔叔和堂兄弟姐妹。)”说明制作家谱时的注意事项。D选项“Keep adding names as far back as possible(尽可能地把名字追溯到很久以前)”符合文意。故选D。 【18题详解】 上文“Research names(研究名字)”说明要研究名字，空格处承上启下，说明姓氏的作用。G选项“Last names are one way families may be connected across generations(姓氏是家族世代相连的一种方式)”符合文意，last names与下文一致。故选G。 【19题详解】 下文“Ask a relative to show you how to make some of your family’s special dishes.(让一个亲戚教你如何做一些你家里的特色菜。)”说明让一个亲戚教你如何做一些你家里的特色菜，属于饮食传统，B选项“This may include food customs(这可能包括饮食习俗)”符合文意与下文为顺承关系。故选B。 【20题详解】 上文“One of the best ways to celebrate your family history and learn more is to get together with your relatives.(庆祝你的家族历史和学习更多知识的最好方法之一是与你的亲戚聚在一起。)”说明庆祝你的家族历史和学习更多知识的最好方法之一是与你的亲戚聚在一起。所以选项要说明首先要考虑的事聚会的地点。E选项“Discuss a convenient location for everyone(讨论一个对每个人来说都方便的地方)”符合文意。故选E。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My journey home from school is nothing special. The train’s always busy, but I usually ___21___ a seat and start reading or texting my friends, not to look at other people. But last Tuesday was ___22___. I was happily looking out of the window listening to some new music when the train ___23___ stopped. After about five minutes, I ___24___ people were starting to get a bit annoyed (恼火). Fifteen minutes later, people started getting more and more ___25___ — the train still hadn’t moved. Finally, from the loudspeaker came a voice, “We are sorry to ___26___ that this train is delayed (延误), ___27___ a train has broken down in front of us.” That seemed to calm people down and we all went back to what we were doing before. Then ___28___ unexpected happened: complete strangers started ___29___ each other. I started chatting to a couple of young tourists sitting opposite me. Next, I really surprised myself by starting a ____30____ with a businesswoman. She was going to have three months ____31____ work to climb Mount Everest. Then, I met another woman who had been a student at my school seven years before and she ____32____ lots of my teachers. It seems my teachers were just as strict then as they are now. A young woman took out her guitar and soon we were ____33____ along. It was so much fun. Then after two and a half hours, our train ____34____ again. Everyone clapped and cheered and some people, complete ____35____ three hours before, even hugged. It was amazing talking to people. Actually, people are a lot cooler than I thought. 21. A. find B. repair C. miss D. design 22. A. natural B. important C. ordinary D. different 23. A. recently B. usually C. suddenly D. successfully 24. A. ensured B. noticed C. decided D. explained 25. A. impatient B. uninterested C. unafraid D. independent 26. A. refuse B. announce C. promise D. fear 27. A. unless B. until C. as D. so 28. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything 29. A. standing over B. laughing at C. fighting with D. talking to 30. A. conversation B. party C. school D. conference 31. A. at B. off C. for D. in 32. A. knew B. encouraged C. drove D. forgot 33. A. arguing B. chatting C. dining D. singing 34. A. failed B. stopped C. moved D. arrived 35. A. friends B. strangers C. neighbours D. classmates 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者平常坐火车回家时总是自顾自地看书或发短信，但上周二火车突然停下，原本陌生的人们开始互相交谈，作者也融入陌生人群，通过交谈和互动，体验到人与人之间的温暖和友善，最终发现人们比想象中更酷。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：火车总是很忙，但我通常会找个座位，开始看书或给朋友发短信，而不是看别人。A. find找到；B. repair修理；C. miss错过；D. design设计。根据上文“My journey home from school is nothing special.”可知，作者乘火车从学校回家，因此是找个座位坐下。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但上周二的情况有所不同。A. natural自然的；B. important重要的；C. ordinary普通的；D. different不同的。根据上文“I usually ___1___ a seat and start reading or texting my friends, not to look at other people”可知，作者通常看书或给朋友发短信，而不是看别人，再结合下一段叙述的乘客互相交流起来可知，上周二的情况有所不同。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我正高兴地看着窗外，听着一些新的音乐，这时火车突然停了下来。A. recently最近地；B. usually通常地；C. suddenly突然地；D. successfully成功地。根据下文“After about five minutes, I ___4___ people were starting to get a bit annoyed (恼火).”可知，乘客开始有点恼火了，由此可知，火车是突然停了下来。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约五分钟后，我注意到人们开始有点恼火了。A. ensured确保；B. noticed注意到；C. decided决定；D. explained解释。根据作者是乘客的身份，以及下文“people were starting to get a bit annoyed (恼火)”可推知，作者注意到人们开始有点恼火了。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：十五分钟后，人们开始变得越来越不耐烦——火车仍然没有动。A. impatient不耐烦的；B. uninterested不感兴趣的；C. unafraid不害怕的；D. independent独立的。根据上文“After about five minutes, I ___4___ people were starting to get a bit annoyed (恼火)”可知，火车停了大约五分钟时，人们开始有点恼火，由此可知，十五分钟后，人们开始变得越来越不耐烦。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，喇叭里传来了一个声音：“我们很抱歉地宣布，这趟火车晚点了，因为我们前面的一辆火车出了故障。”A. refuse拒绝；B. announce宣布；C. promise承诺；D. fear害怕。根据下文“that this train is delayed (延误)”可推知，火车的喇叭是通知乘客，表示很抱歉地宣布，这趟火车晚点了。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：最后，喇叭里传来了一个声音：“我们很抱歉地宣布，这趟火车晚点了，因为我们前面的一辆火车出了故障。”A. unless除非；B. until直到；C. as因为；D. so所以。根据上文“this train is delayed (延误)”和下文“a train has broken down in front of us”可知，前后是因果关系，前面为结果，后面为原因，这趟火车晚点了是因为前面的一辆火车出了故障。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：然后意外的事情发生了：完全陌生的人开始互相交谈。A. nothing没有什么；B. anything任何事物；C. something某事；D. everything一切。根据下文“complete strangers started ___9___ each other”可知，是某件意外的事情发生了。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后意外的事情发生了：完全陌生的人开始互相交谈。A. standing over推迟；B. laughing at嘲笑；C. fighting with与……打架；D. talking to与……交谈。根据下文“I started chatting to a couple of young tourists sitting opposite me.”可知，作者开始和坐在对面的几个年轻游客聊天，由此可知，完全陌生的人开始互相交谈。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：接下来，我和一位女商人开始了对话，这让我自己都很惊讶。A. conversation对话；B. party聚会；C. school学校；D. conference会议。根据上文“I started chatting to a couple of young tourists sitting opposite me.”可知，作者开始和坐在对面的几个年轻游客聊天，由此可知，他甚至和一位女商人开始了对话。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：她准备请三个月的假去攀登珠穆朗玛峰。A. at在（表示地点、时间等）；B. off离开；C. for为了；D. in在……里面。根据下文“work to climb Mount Everest”可推知，攀登珠穆朗玛峰需要在不上班的情况下进行，即请假去攀登，短语off work意为“不上班”。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我遇到了另一位女士，她七年前曾是我们学校的学生，她认识我的很多老师。A. knew认识；B. encouraged鼓励；C. drove驾驶；D. forgot忘记。根据上文“I met another woman who had been a student at my school seven years before”可知，另一位女士七年前曾是作者学校的学生，因此会认识作者的很多老师。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻女子拿出她的吉他，很快我们就跟着唱了起来。A. arguing争论；B. chatting聊天；C. dining进餐；D. singing唱歌。根据上文“A young woman took out her guitar”可知，一位年轻女子拿出她的吉他，由此推知，其他乘客会跟着唱了起来，短语sing along意为“跟唱”。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个半小时后，我们的火车又开动了。A. failed失败；B. stopped停止；C. moved移动；D. arrived到达。根据上文“when the train ___3___ stopped”可知，之前火车停下了，此时是又开动了。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都鼓掌欢呼，一些三小时前完全陌生的人甚至拥抱了。A. friends朋友；B. strangers陌生人；C. neighbours邻居；D. classmates同学。根据上文“complete strangers started ___9___ each other”可知，三小时前大家还完全是陌生人。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 We spend a major part—about one-third—of our lives sleeping. During this time, our body grows stronger and our brain ___36___ (get) to rest. Humans need different amounts of sleep at different ___37___ (stage) of life. Children usually need more sleep, ___38___ (compare) to adults, because they are still growing. Older people need to sleep for ___39___ (short) periods of time than the young. ___40___ (general）, most individuals need seven to eight hours of sleep a night. A lot of people, however, don’t get enough sleep. Many of ___41___ (we) are under a lot of pressure because of the busy nature of modern life. This causes problems for the part of the brain ___42___ controls our feelings. For example, ___43___ enough sleep, we become angry or worried easily. If you have trouble sleeping, you should prepare for your sleep by taking ___44___ warm shower, listening to music, or drinking warm milk. Milk contains melatonin(褪黑素）, which causes us ____45____ (feel) sleepy. 【答案】36. gets 37 stages 38. compared 39. shorter 40. Generally 41. us 42. that##which 43. without 44. a 45. to feel 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文简述了睡眠对人体的重要性，包括人在不同生命阶段需要的睡眠时间不同，以及现代人因生活忙碌而普遍睡眠不足的问题，并提出了一些助眠建议。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在这段时间里，我们的身体变得更强壮，大脑也得到了休息。此处与grows并列，作并列谓语，应用一般现在时，主语为our brain，助动词用三单形式。故填gets。 【37题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：人类在不同的生命阶段需要不同的睡眠时间。此处指“不同的生命阶段”，stage为可数名词，应用复数形式作宾语。故填stages。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与成年人相比，孩子们通常需要更多的睡眠，因为他们还在成长。句中need为谓语动词，设空处应用非谓语动词形式，compare与逻辑主语Children构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填compared。 【39题详解】 考查比较级。句意：老年人需要比年轻人更短的睡眠时间。根据后文than the young可知，此处应用比较级shorter。故填shorter。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：一般来说，大多数人每晚需要7到8个小时的睡眠。此处应用副词generally作状语，修饰后文整个句子，同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Generally。 【41题详解】 考查代词。句意：我们中很多人由于现代生活的繁忙而承受着巨大的压力。此处为of介词短语作定语，修饰名词Many，应用人称代词we的宾格形式us。故填us。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这会对控制我们情感的大脑部分造成问题。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the part of the brain，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which/that引导。故填that/which。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：例如，如果没有足够的睡眠，我们就会变得易怒或焦虑。结合句意表示“如果没有”可知短语为without，构成介词短语作状语。首字母大写。故填Without。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：如果你睡眠有问题，你应该通过洗个热水澡、听音乐或喝热牛奶来为睡眠做准备。shower为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且warm为辅音音素开头的单词，故用a。故填a。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：牛奶中含有褪黑素，它会使我们感到困倦。此处为cause sb to do sth意为“使某人做某事”。故填to feel。 第三部分 写作（满分25分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周日你和同学一起在公园参加了一次“保护环境，你我有责”的主题活动。请用英语给你的外国朋友 Rick写一封邮件，分享你的经历。要点如下： 1. 介绍活动情况； 2. 表达个人感受。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 格式已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Rick, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Rick, Last week, I participated in an event themed “Protecting the Environment, Our Responsibility” with my classmates in the park. We spent the whole afternoon picking up litter, sorting recyclables, and planting trees. It was a fulfilling experience as we witnessed the park becoming cleaner and greener under our efforts. I felt incredibly proud of what we accomplished and realized that every small action counts in environmental protection. It was also a great opportunity to bond with my classmates and raise awareness among others about the importance of keeping our surroundings clean. That’s what I’m sharing with you. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。上周日考生和同学一起在公园参加了一次“保护环境，你我有责”的主题活动。要求考生用英语给外国朋友 Rick写一封邮件，分享活动经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参与：participate in→take part in 行动：action→deed 联系：bond with→connect with 环境：surroundings→environment 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last week, I participated in an event themed “Protecting the Environment, Our Responsibility” with my classmates in the park. 拓展句：Last week, I participated in an event themed “Protecting the Environment, Our Responsibility” with my classmates in the park, which was greatly rewarding and meaningful. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It was a fulfilling experience as we witnessed the park becoming cleaner and greener under our efforts.（运用了as引导时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】I felt incredibly proud of what we accomplished and realized that every small action counts in environmental protection.（运用了what引导宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $