英语（北京卷 02）- 学易金卷：2025年高考第一次模拟考试

2025年高考第一次模拟考试（北京专用)02 英语·答题卡 姓名： 准考证号 标 条码粘贴处 口 准考证号 注意事项 0 0 1,答题前， 考生先将自己的姓名、准考正号码填写清 1 楚 2 2.请将准考证条码粘贴在右的条码粘贴处的方框 2 3 3 3.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂：非选必须用05 4 4 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整， 4.请按题号颜序在各题的客题区内作答，超出范围的 答案无效，在草纸，试卷上作答无效。 6 6 5.保尉特卡面清洁。不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准 7 7 使用涂改液、刮纸刀。 8 8 6.填涂样例正确■错误【一-[Ⅱ灯 9 9 第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）》 第-节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 1[A][B][C][D] 6.[A][B][C][D] 2[A][B][C][D] 7[A][B][C][D] 3[A][B][C][D] 8.[A][B][C][D] 4[A][BJ[C][D] 9[AJ[B][C][D] 5[A][B][C][Dj 10[A][B][C][D] 第二节供10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分） 21[A][B][C][D]26[A][B][C][D]31.[A][B][C][D] 35.A][B][C][D][E][E][G] 22[A][B]LC][D] 27.[AJ[B][C][D] 32[A][B][C][D] 36.[AJ[B][C][D][EJ[F][G] 23.[A][B][C][D]28.[A][B][C][D] 33.[A][B][C][D]37.IA1[B][C][D][E][F][G] 24[A][B][C][D]29.[A][B][C][D]34[AJ[B][C][D] 38.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G] 25.[A][B][C][D]30[A][B][C][D] 39.[A][B][C][D][E][F[G] 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第1页共2页 第三部分书面表达（共辆节，32分） 第-节（满纷12分） 40. (2分) 41 (2分) 42 (3分) (5分) 第二节（满分20分） Dear Jim, Yours. LiHua 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第2页共2页 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 绝密★考试结束前 2025年高考第一次模拟考试（北京专用）02 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。 I grasped a sandwich as I tried to finish my work during lunch. My company, like many companies, had 1 costs by not replacing people as they left. The survivors had to take up the work. For me and my co-workers, this meant no lunch hour. I wanted to quit, but given the economy, it was hard to find another job. I felt 2 . Then a conversation with a six-year-old girl changed my 3 . The young girl was standing in line with her mom at the supermarket. “Good day at school?” I asked. A nod. “What’s your favorite subject?” “Lunch.” I smiled. That had been my 4 too. At lunch, I could talk with my friends, draw pictures or play games. There were no adults to tell me what to do. The time was mine. But what happened to lunch time now? I knew I was entitled to a lunch break at work. So I decided to 5 it. Our office was located in the downtown and I set out to 6 the area. A few blocks away was an art museum with free admission. At the end of another street, I was surprised to discover some horses eating grass in a field. At the beginning of my tours during lunch, I received some 7 stares from my co-workers, but I chose to ignore them. In fact, I watched in amazement that some of them started to 8 their work during lunch. 9 , we started inviting each other out for walks and discovered we had other topics of conversation beyond the common complaints about work. I’m still looking for a new position, but with less anxiety than before. If we can’t change our 10 , we can change our attitude. 1．A．counted B．cut C．paid D．raised 2．A．trapped B．fearful C．shocked D．hurt 3．A．work B．way C．view D．plan 4．A．decision B．explanation C．secret D．answer 5．A．take B．make C．find D．stop 6．A．explore B．measure C．develop D．identify 7．A．innocent B．determined C．sympathetic D．unpleasant 8．A．carry on B．take over C．put aside D．go through 9．A．Generally B．Gradually C．Accidentally D．Obviously 10．A．strategies B．circumstances C．responsibilities D．principles 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A Not long ago, my daughter’s shoes 11 (damage) with a knife. She burst into tears. I took them to the shoemaker’s. The man said he would add more scratches on both shoes as if the openings were made on purpose for a special style. I didn’t fully understand him, but I decided to leave the shoes. Two days later I dropped by from work 12 (collect) the shoes. I found more scratches on each shoe, but all the openings were patched by red leather and the stitches were twisted. The appearance looked 13 (interesting) than ever. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The African penguin is expected to go extinct in the wild in just over a decade, given its current population decline. The main reason is a lack of food caused by disturbance to ocean conditions from global heating and 14 (compete) from the commercial fishing industry. According to a study, recently scientists 15 (identify) a possible additional cause, one that is an entirely new threat and that further 16 (prevent) the penguins from finding food: noise pollution from marine ships in a bay. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Crying is a natural response to emotions. Regardless of 17 causes the tears to flow, the physical reaction is usually the same with puffy cheeks and tight eyes 18 (lead) to streaming tears down one’s face. Despite its stigma (污名), crying can be an act 19 relieves tension and clears feelings of negativity and sadness. Crying can communicate our emotions to others and foster greater understanding and compassion. Ultimately, crying is a powerful tool we ought to use to free ourselves 20 negativity. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A How to Use a Modern Public Library Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library? If so, you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better. It’s been years since they were dusty little rooms with books. They have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge, meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business. Check out a book. While libraries still lend books, you’ll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you’re looking for, thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries. Via such networks, libraries share their books with each other through the use of delivery vehicles. Once the book you’ve requested is delivered to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e-mail, so you can pick it up. Check out other items. The library is now a multimedia zone, loaded within formation in many formats. You can borrow movies on DVDs, music on CDs, and popular magazines. Some libraries even lend toys and games. If a popular magazine you want isn’t offered and the library keeps a list of such requests, they may bring it in when enough interest is shown. Join targeted reading groups. Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions targeted to various age groups. Perhaps you’d like to learn a language or improve your English. The library may sponsor a language group you could join. If you have difficulties reading, ask about special reading opportunities. Your library might be able to accommodate you. And you might find it relaxing to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book. Start a business using the help of your local library. If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can become a launch space for it. In library books and computers, you can find information on starting a business. Many libraries will help you with locally supplied information about business management shared through chambers of commerce and government agencies, and they will offer printing, faxing and database services you need. 21．Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by . A．sharing their books on the Internet B．giving access to online reading at a library branch C．sending a needed book to a library branch nearby D．making the checkout procedures diverse 22．According to Paragraph 3, what items may be checked out from a public library? A．A magazine and an e-book. B．A game and an oil painting. C．A music CD and a kid’s toy. D．A DVD and a video player. 23．As is described in Paragraph 4, taking a small kid to a half-hour Story Time allows . A．the kid to learn a new language B．the parent to enjoy quiet reading C．the kid to overcome reading difficulties D．the parent to meet their program sponsor B An Art Class When Kelly was twelve, she started taking classes at Miss Grace’s School for Art. She didn’t like it at first: the “novice artists” — the kids who hadn’t really done art before-worked mostly with clay, and Kelly was a terrible sculptor. It wasn’t until her third year that Kelly found something she was really good at-charcoal drawing (素描). She loved watching the lines spread unevenly across the page as she moved the bits of charcoal back and forth over the paper. One day, Sophia, the best artist in her class, sat down and set up her easel (画架) next to Kelly. Kelly felt a sinking feeling in her stomach. She’d actually found an art form that she enjoyed and was good at-and now Sophia was going to outshine her again? Kelly fought back tears when Miss Grace entered the room. “Hello class, Miss Grace said.” We’ll continue to work on the project today. What masterpiece would Sophia have come up with? Kelly looked at Sophia’s easel and she couldn’t believe it-it was a mess! For a brief moment, Kelly couldn’t actually believe her drawing was better than Sophia’s. But then she looked at Sophia, who was watching Kelly with an anxious expression. “I…. I couldn’t decide what to do,” Sophia said. “And you’re so good. Sometimes I feel like my stuff is just so bad in comparison.” Kelly looked to see if Sophia was joking, but she seemed completely serious. Now Kelly was shocked. “I’m not talented ... Miss Grace seldom praises me. You’re the best one in our class!” Sophia raised her eyebrows. “I might be a really good copier of the stuff, but I have no idea what to do when it comes to making up my own images. You are so great at making new things out of the old stuff. I’ve loved your works.” “I’ve loved yours, too,” Kelly said. “Well, definitely not this one,” Sophia said. Kelly smiled. “Maybe not right now. But if you move these lines up...” she said, pointing her finger on Sophia’s paper. Sophia was quiet for a moment. “That’s a great idea!” she said finally. Kelly smiled and turned back to her drawing, looking every so often at Sophia’s work to see that she was taking her advice, down to the last line. 24．When Kelly started classes at the art school, she _____. A．was not good at the course B．lacked confidence in drawing C．was often pushed by Miss Grace D．did not get along with the other kids 25．How did Kelly feel when Sophia sat beside her? A．Thrilled. B．Confused. C．Frustrated. D．Relieved. 26．What did Kelly do in the art class? A．She inspired Sophia. B．She praised Sophia’s creativity. C．She decided to outshine Sophia. D．She finished the drawing for Sophia. 27．What can we learn from the passage? A．Interest is the best teacher. B．You are what you believe to be. C．Everyone has their own strengths. D．Hard work will eventually pay off. C Researchers hope brain implants will one day help people with aphasia (失语症) to get their voice back — and maybe even to sing. Now, for the first time, scientists have demonstrated that the brain’s electrical activity can be decoded and used to reconstruct music. A new study analyzed data from 29 people monitored for epileptic seizures (癫痫发作), using electrodes (电极) on the surface of their brain. As participants listened to a selected song, electrodes captured brain activity related to musical elements, such as tone, rhythm, and lyrics. Employing machine learning, Robert Knight from UC Berkeley and his colleagues reconstructed what the participants were hearing and published their study results. The paper is the first to suggest that scientists can “listen secretly to” the brain to synthesize (合成) music. To turn brain activity data into musical sound, researchers trained an artificial intelligence (AI)model to decode data captured from thousands of electrodes that were attached to the participants as they listened to the song while undergoing surgery. Once the brain data were fed through the model, the music returned. The model also revealed some brain parts responding to different musical features of the song. Although the findings focused on music, the researchers expect their results to be most useful for translating brain waves into human speech. Ludovic Bellier, the study’s lead author, explains that speech, regardless of language, has small melodic differences — tempo, stress, accents, and intonation — known as prosody (韵律). These elements carry meaning that we can’t communicate with words alone. He hopes the model will improve brain-computer interfaces (BCI), assistive devices that record speech-associated brain waves and use algorithms to reconstruct intended messages. This technology, still in its infancy, could help people who have lost the ability to speak because of aphasia. Future research should investigate whether these models can be expanded from music that participants have heard to imagined internal speech. If a brain-computer interface could recreate someone’s speech with the prosody and emotional weight found in music, it could offer a richer communication experience beyond mere words. Several barriers remain before we can put this technology in the hands — or brains — of patients. The current model relies on surgical implants. As recording techniques improve, the hope is to gather data non-invasively, possibly using ultrasensitive electrodes. However, under current technologies, this approach might result in a lower speed of decoding into natural speech. The researchers also hope to improve the playback clarity by packing the electrodes closer together on the brain’s surface, enabling an even more detailed look at the electrical symphony the brain produces. 28．What can we learn from the study? A．Electrodes can analyze musical elements. B．The decoding of brain data helps recreate music. C．Machine learning greatly enhances brain activity. D．The AI model monitors music-responsive brain regions. 29．What hopefully makes it possible to expand the model to speech? A．The prosody of speech. B．The collection of brain waves. C．The emotional weight of music. D．The reconstruction of information. 30．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Unlocking the Secrets of Melodic Mind B．Brain Symphony: Synthesized Human Speech C．BCI Brings Hope to People with Aphasia D．Remarkable Journey: Decoding Brain with AI D Researchers from a U.K. plant research institute have found a way to provide plants with an antibody-based defense for a specific threat, potentially speeding the creation of crops resistant to any kind of emerging virus, or bacterium (细菌). The strategy is to inoculate a protein from the plant pathogen (病原体) to be targeted to a camel or other camel relatives, purify the unusually small antibodies the camels produce, and engineer the corresponding gene section for them into a plant’s own immune gene. Farmers lose many billions of dollars to plant diseases each year, and emerging pathogens pose new threats to food security in the developing world. Plants have evolved their own immune system, kick-started by cell receptors that recognize general pathogen features, such as a bacterial cell wall, as well as intracellular receptors for molecules (分子) produced by specific pathogens. If a plant cell detects these molecules, it may trigger its own death to save the rest of the plant. But plant pathogens often evolve and escape from those receptors. A long-standing dream in plant biotechnology is to create designer disease resistance genes that could be produced as fast as pathogens emerge. One approach is to edit the gene for a plant immune receptor, changing the protein’s shape to recognize a particular pathogenic molecule. Instead, Sophien Kamoun, a molecular biologist at the Sainsbury Laboratory, and his colleagues used an animal immune system to help make the receptor adjustments. During an infection with a new pathogen, animals produce billions of slightly different antibodies, ultimately selecting and mass-producing those that best target the virus. Camelids, which include camels, are workhorses for antibody design because their immune systems create unusually small versions, called nano-bodies. As a proof of principle of the new plant defense strategy, Kamoun’s group turned to two standard camelid nano-bodies that recognize two different molecules, including one called green fluorescent protein (GFP), to detect test viruses, in this case a potato virus, engineered to make the fluorescent proteins. They investigated how well plants with the nano-body-enhanced receptors detected the changed potato viruses. It was found that the plants increased an active immune response and experienced almost no viral reproduction. “The exciting part about this technology is that we have the potential of made-to-order resistance genes and keeping up with a pathogen,” Kamoun says. “This technology is a potential game changer,” says Jeff Dangl, a plant researcher at the University of North Carolina. Ksenia Krasileva, a scientist at the University of California, Berkeley, says the mixture of nano-bodies with plant immune receptors opens up a vast body of biomedical knowledge for plant scientists. “We can now dig into all of that research and translate it to save crops.” 31．What does the underlined word “inoculate” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Compare. B．Restore. C．Introduce. D．Label. 32．What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2? A．To illustrate the function of cells in saving the plant. B．To explain how to strengthen plant receptors effectively. C．To demonstrate the solutions to farmers’ annual heavy losses. D．To reveal why plants fail to handle constantly-updated diseases. 33．What can we learn from the passage? A．Editing plant receptors is to match the shape of pathogens. B．Nano-bodies can help plants catch up with pathogen changes. C．Plants select the best antibodies from animals to fight viruses. D．Plants with nano-bodies respond actively in massive virus copying. 34．According to the passage, scientists will . A．apply the outcome in the real world B．prove the findings of resistance genes C．identify similar means to fight diseases D．seek more support for the new strategy 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。 It’s fair to say that many parents focus a lot of energy — and worry! — on protecting their small kids from risky situations. But this past weekend, reporter Ellen Barry published a piece about a growing movement in Britain: people are bringing risk into the playground experience. 35 It contrasts with sheltering kids with the less demanding facilities typical of playgrounds. As Barry puts it, including limited risk into our kids’ playtime may be taking a step toward healthier child development. He cites a sign posted outside the Princess Diana Playground in London’s Kensington Gardens. 36 They are intentionally provided, so that your kids can develop an appreciation of risk in a controlled play environment. 37 Communities in Australia, Canada, and Sweden are making similar changes to their playgrounds. They want kids to learn and grow by facing challenges they can handle, Barry reports. Controlled risk at play time — where, after all, the children are still under close supervision (监护) — would seem a good addition to the free-range child movement. In that initiative, it’s suggested that free-range kids take walks in nature or ride public transportation on their own. 38 Besides, considering child development from an evolutionary (进化的) view offers more backing. Our long journey through time and nature has made us who we are today, with behaviors, thoughts and bodies shaped. 39 Looking at this bigger picture helps us understand why people make such a choice. A．Kids learn best while playing. B．More exploration is expected. C．It says it’s okay for kids to take some risks. D．Limited-risk playgrounds begin to catch on. E．The idea is to help kids become tough and strong. F．Generally, they are encouraged to get outside and acquire independent skills. G．It is therefore important to let kids do things that match how they naturally grow. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，共32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 There’s a difference between being nice and being kind. Being nice involves being polite and pleasing to others. If you’re people pleasing, you’re placing an expectation on the person you’re being nice to that they respond to you in a certain way. Being kind is less self-serving. On the one hand, kindness involves being generous without expecting anything in return. The other half is the purpose behind the action. A kind person is acting out of sympathy and genuine concern for another. The difference is intentionality, said Dr. Catherine Franssen, an associate professor of psychology at Longwood University in Virginia, noting that a kind person tries to really understand what someone else is going through. Practicing kindness rather than niceness allows people to develop deeper genuine connections with others, said Franssen. The more you do it, the easier it will get to relate to others and build more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life. The warm feeling you get from performing an act of kindness is your brain releasing a ton of feel-good chemicals. Franssen said being kind boosts production of serotonin, a neurotransmitter (神经传递素) involved in mood, including happiness. Kindness also releases dopamine, a brain chemical in charge of reward and pleasure. It’s the reason why doing one act of kindness feels so good that you want to do another. Being kind gives the same health benefits, regardless of how big or small the gesture. Acts of kindness might feel strange and out-of-character at first. However, this feeling goes away the more you keep practicing. Soon enough, it becomes so familiar you’ll notice the benefits on yourself and others. 40．What does being kind involve? 41．Why do you get warm feeling when showing kindness? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > The more you practice niceness, the easier you will connect with others and establish more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life. 43．In your daily life, what can you do to show kindness? (In about 40 words) 第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分) 44．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你和你校交换生Jim准备联合参加学校组织的校园文创设计大赛(Campus Cultural and Creative Design Competition), 请给Jim发邮件，内容包括： 1. 分享你的创意; 2. 询问Jim的建议。 注意：1. 词数100左右; 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 试题 第7页（共8页） 试题 第8页（共8页） 试题 第5页（共8页） 试题 第6页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★考试结束前 2025年高考第一次模拟考试（北京专用）02 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。 I grasped a sandwich as I tried to finish my work during lunch. My company, like many companies, had 1 costs by not replacing people as they left. The survivors had to take up the work. For me and my co-workers, this meant no lunch hour. I wanted to quit, but given the economy, it was hard to find another job. I felt 2 . Then a conversation with a six-year-old girl changed my 3 . The young girl was standing in line with her mom at the supermarket. “Good day at school?” I asked. A nod. “What’s your favorite subject?” “Lunch.” I smiled. That had been my 4 too. At lunch, I could talk with my friends, draw pictures or play games. There were no adults to tell me what to do. The time was mine. But what happened to lunch time now? I knew I was entitled to a lunch break at work. So I decided to 5 it. Our office was located in the downtown and I set out to 6 the area. A few blocks away was an art museum with free admission. At the end of another street, I was surprised to discover some horses eating grass in a field. At the beginning of my tours during lunch, I received some 7 stares from my co-workers, but I chose to ignore them. In fact, I watched in amazement that some of them started to 8 their work during lunch. 9 , we started inviting each other out for walks and discovered we had other topics of conversation beyond the common complaints about work. I’m still looking for a new position, but with less anxiety than before. If we can’t change our 10 , we can change our attitude. 1．A．counted B．cut C．paid D．raised 2．A．trapped B．fearful C．shocked D．hurt 3．A．work B．way C．view D．plan 4．A．decision B．explanation C．secret D．answer 5．A．take B．make C．find D．stop 6．A．explore B．measure C．develop D．identify 7．A．innocent B．determined C．sympathetic D．unpleasant 8．A．carry on B．take over C．put aside D．go through 9．A．Generally B．Gradually C．Accidentally D．Obviously 10．A．strategies B．circumstances C．responsibilities D．principles 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A Not long ago, my daughter’s shoes 11 (damage) with a knife. She burst into tears. I took them to the shoemaker’s. The man said he would add more scratches on both shoes as if the openings were made on purpose for a special style. I didn’t fully understand him, but I decided to leave the shoes. Two days later I dropped by from work 12 (collect) the shoes. I found more scratches on each shoe, but all the openings were patched by red leather and the stitches were twisted. The appearance looked 13 (interesting) than ever. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The African penguin is expected to go extinct in the wild in just over a decade, given its current population decline. The main reason is a lack of food caused by disturbance to ocean conditions from global heating and 14 (compete) from the commercial fishing industry. According to a study, recently scientists 15 (identify) a possible additional cause, one that is an entirely new threat and that further 16 (prevent) the penguins from finding food: noise pollution from marine ships in a bay. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Crying is a natural response to emotions. Regardless of 17 causes the tears to flow, the physical reaction is usually the same with puffy cheeks and tight eyes 18 (lead) to streaming tears down one’s face. Despite its stigma (污名), crying can be an act 19 relieves tension and clears feelings of negativity and sadness. Crying can communicate our emotions to others and foster greater understanding and compassion. Ultimately, crying is a powerful tool we ought to use to free ourselves 20 negativity. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A How to Use a Modern Public Library Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library? If so, you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better. It’s been years since they were dusty little rooms with books. They have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge, meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business. Check out a book. While libraries still lend books, you’ll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you’re looking for, thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries. Via such networks, libraries share their books with each other through the use of delivery vehicles. Once the book you’ve requested is delivered to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e-mail, so you can pick it up. Check out other items. The library is now a multimedia zone, loaded within formation in many formats. You can borrow movies on DVDs, music on CDs, and popular magazines. Some libraries even lend toys and games. If a popular magazine you want isn’t offered and the library keeps a list of such requests, they may bring it in when enough interest is shown. Join targeted reading groups. Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions targeted to various age groups. Perhaps you’d like to learn a language or improve your English. The library may sponsor a language group you could join. If you have difficulties reading, ask about special reading opportunities. Your library might be able to accommodate you. And you might find it relaxing to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book. Start a business using the help of your local library. If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can become a launch space for it. In library books and computers, you can find information on starting a business. Many libraries will help you with locally supplied information about business management shared through chambers of commerce and government agencies, and they will offer printing, faxing and database services you need. 21．Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by . A．sharing their books on the Internet B．giving access to online reading at a library branch C．sending a needed book to a library branch nearby D．making the checkout procedures diverse 22．According to Paragraph 3, what items may be checked out from a public library? A．A magazine and an e-book. B．A game and an oil painting. C．A music CD and a kid’s toy. D．A DVD and a video player. 23．As is described in Paragraph 4, taking a small kid to a half-hour Story Time allows . A．the kid to learn a new language B．the parent to enjoy quiet reading C．the kid to overcome reading difficulties D．the parent to meet their program sponsor B An Art Class When Kelly was twelve, she started taking classes at Miss Grace’s School for Art. She didn’t like it at first: the “novice artists” — the kids who hadn’t really done art before-worked mostly with clay, and Kelly was a terrible sculptor. It wasn’t until her third year that Kelly found something she was really good at-charcoal drawing (素描). She loved watching the lines spread unevenly across the page as she moved the bits of charcoal back and forth over the paper. One day, Sophia, the best artist in her class, sat down and set up her easel (画架) next to Kelly. Kelly felt a sinking feeling in her stomach. She’d actually found an art form that she enjoyed and was good at-and now Sophia was going to outshine her again? Kelly fought back tears when Miss Grace entered the room. “Hello class, Miss Grace said.” We’ll continue to work on the project today. What masterpiece would Sophia have come up with? Kelly looked at Sophia’s easel and she couldn’t believe it-it was a mess! For a brief moment, Kelly couldn’t actually believe her drawing was better than Sophia’s. But then she looked at Sophia, who was watching Kelly with an anxious expression. “I…. I couldn’t decide what to do,” Sophia said. “And you’re so good. Sometimes I feel like my stuff is just so bad in comparison.” Kelly looked to see if Sophia was joking, but she seemed completely serious. Now Kelly was shocked. “I’m not talented ... Miss Grace seldom praises me. You’re the best one in our class!” Sophia raised her eyebrows. “I might be a really good copier of the stuff, but I have no idea what to do when it comes to making up my own images. You are so great at making new things out of the old stuff. I’ve loved your works.” “I’ve loved yours, too,” Kelly said. “Well, definitely not this one,” Sophia said. Kelly smiled. “Maybe not right now. But if you move these lines up...” she said, pointing her finger on Sophia’s paper. Sophia was quiet for a moment. “That’s a great idea!” she said finally. Kelly smiled and turned back to her drawing, looking every so often at Sophia’s work to see that she was taking her advice, down to the last line. 24．When Kelly started classes at the art school, she _____. A．was not good at the course B．lacked confidence in drawing C．was often pushed by Miss Grace D．did not get along with the other kids 25．How did Kelly feel when Sophia sat beside her? A．Thrilled. B．Confused. C．Frustrated. D．Relieved. 26．What did Kelly do in the art class? A．She inspired Sophia. B．She praised Sophia’s creativity. C．She decided to outshine Sophia. D．She finished the drawing for Sophia. 27．What can we learn from the passage? A．Interest is the best teacher. B．You are what you believe to be. C．Everyone has their own strengths. D．Hard work will eventually pay off. C Researchers hope brain implants will one day help people with aphasia (失语症) to get their voice back — and maybe even to sing. Now, for the first time, scientists have demonstrated that the brain’s electrical activity can be decoded and used to reconstruct music. A new study analyzed data from 29 people monitored for epileptic seizures (癫痫发作), using electrodes (电极) on the surface of their brain. As participants listened to a selected song, electrodes captured brain activity related to musical elements, such as tone, rhythm, and lyrics. Employing machine learning, Robert Knight from UC Berkeley and his colleagues reconstructed what the participants were hearing and published their study results. The paper is the first to suggest that scientists can “listen secretly to” the brain to synthesize (合成) music. To turn brain activity data into musical sound, researchers trained an artificial intelligence (AI)model to decode data captured from thousands of electrodes that were attached to the participants as they listened to the song while undergoing surgery. Once the brain data were fed through the model, the music returned. The model also revealed some brain parts responding to different musical features of the song. Although the findings focused on music, the researchers expect their results to be most useful for translating brain waves into human speech. Ludovic Bellier, the study’s lead author, explains that speech, regardless of language, has small melodic differences — tempo, stress, accents, and intonation — known as prosody (韵律). These elements carry meaning that we can’t communicate with words alone. He hopes the model will improve brain-computer interfaces (BCI), assistive devices that record speech-associated brain waves and use algorithms to reconstruct intended messages. This technology, still in its infancy, could help people who have lost the ability to speak because of aphasia. Future research should investigate whether these models can be expanded from music that participants have heard to imagined internal speech. If a brain-computer interface could recreate someone’s speech with the prosody and emotional weight found in music, it could offer a richer communication experience beyond mere words. Several barriers remain before we can put this technology in the hands — or brains — of patients. The current model relies on surgical implants. As recording techniques improve, the hope is to gather data non-invasively, possibly using ultrasensitive electrodes. However, under current technologies, this approach might result in a lower speed of decoding into natural speech. The researchers also hope to improve the playback clarity by packing the electrodes closer together on the brain’s surface, enabling an even more detailed look at the electrical symphony the brain produces. 28．What can we learn from the study? A．Electrodes can analyze musical elements. B．The decoding of brain data helps recreate music. C．Machine learning greatly enhances brain activity. D．The AI model monitors music-responsive brain regions. 29．What hopefully makes it possible to expand the model to speech? A．The prosody of speech. B．The collection of brain waves. C．The emotional weight of music. D．The reconstruction of information. 30．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Unlocking the Secrets of Melodic Mind B．Brain Symphony: Synthesized Human Speech C．BCI Brings Hope to People with Aphasia D．Remarkable Journey: Decoding Brain with AI D Researchers from a U.K. plant research institute have found a way to provide plants with an antibody-based defense for a specific threat, potentially speeding the creation of crops resistant to any kind of emerging virus, or bacterium (细菌). The strategy is to inoculate a protein from the plant pathogen (病原体) to be targeted to a camel or other camel relatives, purify the unusually small antibodies the camels produce, and engineer the corresponding gene section for them into a plant’s own immune gene. Farmers lose many billions of dollars to plant diseases each year, and emerging pathogens pose new threats to food security in the developing world. Plants have evolved their own immune system, kick-started by cell receptors that recognize general pathogen features, such as a bacterial cell wall, as well as intracellular receptors for molecules (分子) produced by specific pathogens. If a plant cell detects these molecules, it may trigger its own death to save the rest of the plant. But plant pathogens often evolve and escape from those receptors. A long-standing dream in plant biotechnology is to create designer disease resistance genes that could be produced as fast as pathogens emerge. One approach is to edit the gene for a plant immune receptor, changing the protein’s shape to recognize a particular pathogenic molecule. Instead, Sophien Kamoun, a molecular biologist at the Sainsbury Laboratory, and his colleagues used an animal immune system to help make the receptor adjustments. During an infection with a new pathogen, animals produce billions of slightly different antibodies, ultimately selecting and mass-producing those that best target the virus. Camelids, which include camels, are workhorses for antibody design because their immune systems create unusually small versions, called nano-bodies. As a proof of principle of the new plant defense strategy, Kamoun’s group turned to two standard camelid nano-bodies that recognize two different molecules, including one called green fluorescent protein (GFP), to detect test viruses, in this case a potato virus, engineered to make the fluorescent proteins. They investigated how well plants with the nano-body-enhanced receptors detected the changed potato viruses. It was found that the plants increased an active immune response and experienced almost no viral reproduction. “The exciting part about this technology is that we have the potential of made-to-order resistance genes and keeping up with a pathogen,” Kamoun says. “This technology is a potential game changer,” says Jeff Dangl, a plant researcher at the University of North Carolina. Ksenia Krasileva, a scientist at the University of California, Berkeley, says the mixture of nano-bodies with plant immune receptors opens up a vast body of biomedical knowledge for plant scientists. “We can now dig into all of that research and translate it to save crops.” 31．What does the underlined word “inoculate” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Compare. B．Restore. C．Introduce. D．Label. 32．What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2? A．To illustrate the function of cells in saving the plant. B．To explain how to strengthen plant receptors effectively. C．To demonstrate the solutions to farmers’ annual heavy losses. D．To reveal why plants fail to handle constantly-updated diseases. 33．What can we learn from the passage? A．Editing plant receptors is to match the shape of pathogens. B．Nano-bodies can help plants catch up with pathogen changes. C．Plants select the best antibodies from animals to fight viruses. D．Plants with nano-bodies respond actively in massive virus copying. 34．According to the passage, scientists will . A．apply the outcome in the real world B．prove the findings of resistance genes C．identify similar means to fight diseases D．seek more support for the new strategy 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。 It’s fair to say that many parents focus a lot of energy — and worry! — on protecting their small kids from risky situations. But this past weekend, reporter Ellen Barry published a piece about a growing movement in Britain: people are bringing risk into the playground experience. 35 It contrasts with sheltering kids with the less demanding facilities typical of playgrounds. As Barry puts it, including limited risk into our kids’ playtime may be taking a step toward healthier child development. He cites a sign posted outside the Princess Diana Playground in London’s Kensington Gardens. 36 They are intentionally provided, so that your kids can develop an appreciation of risk in a controlled play environment. 37 Communities in Australia, Canada, and Sweden are making similar changes to their playgrounds. They want kids to learn and grow by facing challenges they can handle, Barry reports. Controlled risk at play time — where, after all, the children are still under close supervision (监护) — would seem a good addition to the free-range child movement. In that initiative, it’s suggested that free-range kids take walks in nature or ride public transportation on their own. 38 Besides, considering child development from an evolutionary (进化的) view offers more backing. Our long journey through time and nature has made us who we are today, with behaviors, thoughts and bodies shaped. 39 Looking at this bigger picture helps us understand why people make such a choice. A．Kids learn best while playing. B．More exploration is expected. C．It says it’s okay for kids to take some risks. D．Limited-risk playgrounds begin to catch on. E．The idea is to help kids become tough and strong. F．Generally, they are encouraged to get outside and acquire independent skills. G．It is therefore important to let kids do things that match how they naturally grow. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，共32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 There’s a difference between being nice and being kind. Being nice involves being polite and pleasing to others. If you’re people pleasing, you’re placing an expectation on the person you’re being nice to that they respond to you in a certain way. Being kind is less self-serving. On the one hand, kindness involves being generous without expecting anything in return. The other half is the purpose behind the action. A kind person is acting out of sympathy and genuine concern for another. The difference is intentionality, said Dr. Catherine Franssen, an associate professor of psychology at Longwood University in Virginia, noting that a kind person tries to really understand what someone else is going through. Practicing kindness rather than niceness allows people to develop deeper genuine connections with others, said Franssen. The more you do it, the easier it will get to relate to others and build more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life. The warm feeling you get from performing an act of kindness is your brain releasing a ton of feel-good chemicals. Franssen said being kind boosts production of serotonin, a neurotransmitter (神经传递素) involved in mood, including happiness. Kindness also releases dopamine, a brain chemical in charge of reward and pleasure. It’s the reason why doing one act of kindness feels so good that you want to do another. Being kind gives the same health benefits, regardless of how big or small the gesture. Acts of kindness might feel strange and out-of-character at first. However, this feeling goes away the more you keep practicing. Soon enough, it becomes so familiar you’ll notice the benefits on yourself and others. 40．What does being kind involve? 41．Why do you get warm feeling when showing kindness? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why． > The more you practice niceness, the easier you will connect with others and establish more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life. 43．In your daily life, what can you do to show kindness? (In about 40 words) 第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分) 44．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你和你校交换生Jim准备联合参加学校组织的校园文创设计大赛(Campus Cultural and Creative Design Competition), 请给Jim发邮件，内容包括： 1． 分享你的创意; 2． 询问Jim的建议。 注意：1. 词数100左右; 2． 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★考试结束前 2025年高考第一次模拟考试（北京专用）02 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。 I grasped a sandwich as I tried to finish my work during lunch. My company, like many companies, had 1 costs by not replacing people as they left. The survivors had to take up the work. For me and my co-workers, this meant no lunch hour. I wanted to quit, but given the economy, it was hard to find another job. I felt 2 . Then a conversation with a six-year-old girl changed my 3 . The young girl was standing in line with her mom at the supermarket. “Good day at school?” I asked. A nod. “What’s your favorite subject?” “Lunch.” I smiled. That had been my 4 too. At lunch, I could talk with my friends, draw pictures or play games. There were no adults to tell me what to do. The time was mine. But what happened to lunch time now? I knew I was entitled to a lunch break at work. So I decided to 5 it. Our office was located in the downtown and I set out to 6 the area. A few blocks away was an art museum with free admission. At the end of another street, I was surprised to discover some horses eating grass in a field. At the beginning of my tours during lunch, I received some 7 stares from my co-workers, but I chose to ignore them. In fact, I watched in amazement that some of them started to 8 their work during lunch. 9 , we started inviting each other out for walks and discovered we had other topics of conversation beyond the common complaints about work. I’m still looking for a new position, but with less anxiety than before. If we can’t change our 10 , we can change our attitude. 1．A．counted B．cut C．paid D．raised 2．A．trapped B．fearful C．shocked D．hurt 3．A．work B．way C．view D．plan 4．A．decision B．explanation C．secret D．answer 5．A．take B．make C．find D．stop 6．A．explore B．measure C．develop D．identify 7．A．innocent B．determined C．sympathetic D．unpleasant 8．A．carry on B．take over C．put aside D．go through 9．A．Generally B．Gradually C．Accidentally D．Obviously 10．A．strategies B．circumstances C．responsibilities D．principles 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者疲于工作，边午饭边工作，又想辞职，但是考虑到经济情况，很难找到工作。后来和一个女孩的谈话改变了看法，认为午饭时间就应该是自己的时间。逐渐调整了心态：不能改变环境，但可以改变对待生活的态度。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：和许多公司一样，我的公司为了削减成本，没有在员工离职时补人。A． counted数数；B． cut削减；C． paid支付；D． raised筹集。根据本句中“by not replacing people as they left”可知，此举是为了削减成本。故选B。 2．考查动形容词义辨析。句意：我感觉被困住了。A． trapped受困的；B． fearful害怕的；C． shocked震惊的；D． hurt受伤的。根据前文“I wanted to quit, but given the economy, it was hard to find another job．”可知，作者想辞职，但是考虑到经济情况，很难找到工作，这是进退两难的困境。故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来和一个六岁女孩的谈话改变了我的看法。A． work工作；B． way方法；C． view观点；D． plan计划。根据后文“If we can’t change our 　　　　, we can change our attitude.”可知，作者的观点发生了变化：不能改变环境，但可以改变对待生活的态度。故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也是我的回答。A． decision决定；B． explanation解释；C． secret秘密；D． answer回答。根据前文“I grasped a sandwich as I tried to finish my work during lunch．”和““What’s your favorite subject?”“Lunch．””以及后文“At lunch, I could talk with my friends, draw pictures or play games． There were no adults to tell me what to do． The time was mine．”可知，作者因为工作陷入困境，不得不边午饭边工作，小女孩的回答解决了他的困扰，同时是也作者的内心所想，认为午饭时间就应该是自己的时间。故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定接受它。A． take接受；B． make制作；C． find找到；D． stop停止。根据前文“I knew I was entitled to a lunch break at work．”以及前后的因果关系可知，作者知道自己有权在工作时间享用午餐，作者准备接受并享用这项权利。故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的办公室位于市中心，我开始探索这个地区。A． explore探索；B． measure衡量；C． develop发展；D． identify确认。根据后文“A few blocks away was an art museum with free admission． At the end of another street, I was surprised to discover some horses eating grass in a field．”可知，作者在这个区域探索发现了自己之前未曾注意的生活。故选A。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在午餐时间开始观光时，同事们对我投来了一些不愉快的目光，但我选择忽略它们。A． innocent无辜的；B． determined下定决心的；C． sympathetic同情的；D． unpleasant令人不愉快的。根据本句中“but I chose to ignore them”可知，前后为转折关系，同事们对作者投来了一些不愉快的目光，但是作者选择忽视。故选D。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，我惊讶地看到他们中的一些人开始在午餐时间把工作放在一边。A． carry on继续；B． take over接管；C． put aside把……放在一边；D． go through经历。根据后文“we started inviting each other out for walks and discovered we had other topics of conversation beyond the common complaints about work．”作者和同事出去散步，除了对工作的常见抱怨，我们还有其他话题可以聊，可以推知，作者发现同事中的一些人开始在午餐时间把工作放在一边。故选C。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我们开始邀请对方出去散步，并发现除了对工作的常见抱怨之外，我们还有其他话题可以聊。A． Generally笼统地；B． Gradually逐渐地；C． Accidentally偶然地；D． Obviously明显地。根据前文“In fact, I watched in amazement that some of them started to　　　　 their work during lunch.”以及后文“we started inviting each other out for walks and discovered we had other topics of conversation beyond the common complaints about work”可知，作者和同事们一开始在午餐时间把工作放在一边，然后开始邀请对方出去散步，聊天。前后为时间上的递进关系。故选B。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们不能改变环境，我们可以改变我们的态度。A．strategies策略；B．circumstances环境；C．responsibilities责任；D．principles原则。根据前文“I wanted to quit, but given the economy, it was hard to find another job．I felt 　　　.”和“Our office was located in the downtown and I set out to　　　　　 the area.”可知，作者想辞职，但是考虑到经济情况，很难找到工作，但是作者通过探索生活，午饭时间休息不工作，逐渐调整自己的心态：不能改变环境，我们可以改变态度。故选B。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A Not long ago, my daughter’s shoes 11 (damage) with a knife. She burst into tears. I took them to the shoemaker’s. The man said he would add more scratches on both shoes as if the openings were made on purpose for a special style. I didn’t fully understand him, but I decided to leave the shoes. Two days later I dropped by from work 12 (collect) the shoes. I found more scratches on each shoe, but all the openings were patched by red leather and the stitches were twisted. The appearance looked 13 (interesting) than ever. 【答案】11．were damaged 12．to collect 13．more interesting 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了女儿的鞋被划伤，但经过鞋店的特殊处理后，看起来比以前更有趣了。 11．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：不久前，我女儿的鞋子被刀弄坏了。分析句子可知，damage(损坏)是句中谓语动词，与主语shoes之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语Not long ago，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语shoes是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，复数形式。故填were damaged。 12．考查非谓语动词。句意：两天后，我下班过来取鞋。根据句意，“取鞋”是“过来”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to collect。 13．考查形容词比较级。句意：它的样子比以往任何时候都更有趣。根据句意和空格后介词than可知，应使用形容词比较级more interesting作表语，表示“更有趣”。故填more interesting。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The African penguin is expected to go extinct in the wild in just over a decade, given its current population decline. The main reason is a lack of food caused by disturbance to ocean conditions from global heating and 14 (compete) from the commercial fishing industry. According to a study, recently scientists 15 (identify) a possible additional cause, one that is an entirely new threat and that further 16 (prevent) the penguins from finding food: noise pollution from marine ships in a bay. 【答案】14．competition 15．have identified 16．prevents 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了非洲企鹅数量的下降的原因。 14．考查名词。句意：主要原因是全球变暖对海洋环境的干扰和商业捕鱼业的竞争造成了食物短缺。分析句子可知，提示词与名词disturbance是并列关系，作介词宾语，用名词competition，意为“竞争”。故填competition。 15．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知，identify(发现)是句中谓语动词，与主语scientists之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语recently，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时主动语态，复数形式。故填have identified。 16．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知，prevent(阻止)是定语从句中谓语动词，与关系代词that(即先行词one)之间是主动关系，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数代词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时主动语态，单数形式。故填prevents。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Crying is a natural response to emotions. Regardless of 17 causes the tears to flow, the physical reaction is usually the same with puffy cheeks and tight eyes 18 (lead) to streaming tears down one’s face. Despite its stigma (污名), crying can be an act 19 relieves tension and clears feelings of negativity and sadness. Crying can communicate our emotions to others and foster greater understanding and compassion. Ultimately, crying is a powerful tool we ought to use to free ourselves 20 negativity. 【答案】17．what 18．leading 19．which/that 20．from 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了哭泣的好处。 17．考查宾语从句。句意：不管什么原因导致眼泪流出来，身体上的反应通常都是一样的，面颊浮肿，眼睛紧绷，导致眼泪从脸上流下来。介词短语Regardless of后接宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。 18．考查非谓语动词。句意：不管什么原因导致眼泪流出来，身体上的反应通常都是一样的，面颊浮肿，眼睛紧绷，导致眼泪从脸上流下来。“with +名词/代词（宾语）+非谓语动词（宾补）”with复合结构 ，该空非谓语动词作宾补，宾语puffy cheeks and tight eyes和lead to是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填leading。 19．考查定语从句。句意：尽管哭泣是一种耻辱，但它可以是一种缓解紧张、清除消极和悲伤情绪的行为。句中先行词为act，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 20．考查介词。句意：最终，哭泣是一种强大的工具，我们应该用它来摆脱消极情绪。free from免于；摆脱。故填from。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A How to Use a Modern Public Library Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library? If so, you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better. It’s been years since they were dusty little rooms with books. They have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge, meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business. Check out a book. While libraries still lend books, you’ll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you’re looking for, thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries. Via such networks, libraries share their books with each other through the use of delivery vehicles. Once the book you’ve requested is delivered to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e-mail, so you can pick it up. Check out other items. The library is now a multimedia zone, loaded within formation in many formats. You can borrow movies on DVDs, music on CDs, and popular magazines. Some libraries even lend toys and games. If a popular magazine you want isn’t offered and the library keeps a list of such requests, they may bring it in when enough interest is shown. Join targeted reading groups. Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions targeted to various age groups. Perhaps you’d like to learn a language or improve your English. The library may sponsor a language group you could join. If you have difficulties reading, ask about special reading opportunities. Your library might be able to accommodate you. And you might find it relaxing to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book. Start a business using the help of your local library. If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can become a launch space for it. In library books and computers, you can find information on starting a business. Many libraries will help you with locally supplied information about business management shared through chambers of commerce and government agencies, and they will offer printing, faxing and database services you need. 21．Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by . A．sharing their books on the Internet B．giving access to online reading at a library branch C．sending a needed book to a library branch nearby D．making the checkout procedures diverse 22．According to Paragraph 3, what items may be checked out from a public library? A．A magazine and an e-book. B．A game and an oil painting. C．A music CD and a kid’s toy. D．A DVD and a video player. 23．As is described in Paragraph 4, taking a small kid to a half-hour Story Time allows . A．the kid to learn a new language B．the parent to enjoy quiet reading C．the kid to overcome reading difficulties D．the parent to meet their program sponsor 【答案】21．C 22．C 23．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。现在的公共图书馆已经改进了许多，文章对如何使用现代公共图书馆进行了详细介绍。 21．细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Via such networks, libraries share their books with each other through the use of delivery vehicles．Once the book you’ve requested is delivered to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e-mail, so you can pick it up.(通过这样的网络，图书馆通过使用传送工具彼此共享图书。一旦你要的书被送到最近的书店，他们就会用电子邮件通知你，这样你就可以去取了。)”可知，通过合作网络连接的公共图书馆将需要的书送到附近的图书馆分支机构而使读者受益。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据第三段第三句和第四句“You can borrow movies on DVDs, music on CDs, and popular magazines．Some libraries even lend toys and games.(你可以借DVD上的电影、CD上的音乐和流行杂志。一些图书馆甚至出借玩具和游戏。)”可知，从一个公共图书馆里可以借音乐CD和儿童玩具。故选C。 23．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“And you might find it relaxing to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book.(你可能会发现带小孩去半个小时的故事时间，你静静地坐在角落里读一本好书，很放松。)”可知，带小孩去“半个小时的故事时间”可以让家长享受安静的阅读时光。故选B。 B An Art Class When Kelly was twelve, she started taking classes at Miss Grace’s School for Art. She didn’t like it at first: the “novice artists” — the kids who hadn’t really done art before-worked mostly with clay, and Kelly was a terrible sculptor. It wasn’t until her third year that Kelly found something she was really good at-charcoal drawing (素描). She loved watching the lines spread unevenly across the page as she moved the bits of charcoal back and forth over the paper. One day, Sophia, the best artist in her class, sat down and set up her easel (画架) next to Kelly. Kelly felt a sinking feeling in her stomach. She’d actually found an art form that she enjoyed and was good at-and now Sophia was going to outshine her again? Kelly fought back tears when Miss Grace entered the room. “Hello class, Miss Grace said.” We’ll continue to work on the project today. What masterpiece would Sophia have come up with? Kelly looked at Sophia’s easel and she couldn’t believe it-it was a mess! For a brief moment, Kelly couldn’t actually believe her drawing was better than Sophia’s. But then she looked at Sophia, who was watching Kelly with an anxious expression. “I…. I couldn’t decide what to do,” Sophia said. “And you’re so good. Sometimes I feel like my stuff is just so bad in comparison.” Kelly looked to see if Sophia was joking, but she seemed completely serious. Now Kelly was shocked. “I’m not talented ... Miss Grace seldom praises me. You’re the best one in our class!” Sophia raised her eyebrows. “I might be a really good copier of the stuff, but I have no idea what to do when it comes to making up my own images. You are so great at making new things out of the old stuff. I’ve loved your works.” “I’ve loved yours, too,” Kelly said. “Well, definitely not this one,” Sophia said. Kelly smiled. “Maybe not right now. But if you move these lines up...” she said, pointing her finger on Sophia’s paper. Sophia was quiet for a moment. “That’s a great idea!” she said finally. Kelly smiled and turned back to her drawing, looking every so often at Sophia’s work to see that she was taking her advice, down to the last line. 24．When Kelly started classes at the art school, she _____. A．was not good at the course B．lacked confidence in drawing C．was often pushed by Miss Grace D．did not get along with the other kids 25．How did Kelly feel when Sophia sat beside her? A．Thrilled. B．Confused. C．Frustrated. D．Relieved. 26．What did Kelly do in the art class? A．She inspired Sophia. B．She praised Sophia’s creativity. C．She decided to outshine Sophia. D．She finished the drawing for Sophia. 27．What can we learn from the passage? A．Interest is the best teacher. B．You are what you believe to be. C．Everyone has their own strengths. D．Hard work will eventually pay off. 【答案】24．A 25．C 26．A 27．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Kelly在一节艺术课上所发生的事情。 24．细节理解题。根据第一段“She didn’t like it at first: the “novice artists”—the kids who hadn’t really done art before-worked mostly with clay, and Kelly was a terrible sculptor.(她一开始并不喜欢：那些“新手艺术家”——那些以前没有真正做过艺术的孩子——主要是用粘土创作的，而凯利是个糟糕的雕塑家。)”可知，当Kelly开始在艺术学校上课时，她不擅长这门课。故选A。 25．推理判断题。根据第三段“Kelly felt a sinking feeling in her stomach．She’d actually found an art form that she enjoyed and was good at-and now Sophia was going to outshine her again?(Kelly感到胃里有一种下沉的感觉。她真的找到了一种自己喜欢并擅长的艺术形式，而现在索菲亚又要比她更耀眼了？)”可知，当索菲亚坐在凯莉身边时，她感觉到沮丧。故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Kelly smiled．“Maybe not right now．But if you move these lines up...” she said, pointing her finger on Sophia’s paper.(Kelly笑了。“也许不是现在。但是如果你把这些线往上移动……她用手指着索菲亚的纸说。)”和倒数第二段“That’s a great idea!(好主意！)”可知，Kelly在美术课上启发了索菲亚。故选A。 27．推理判断题。根据倒数第六段“You are so great at making new things out of the old stuff.(你很擅长从旧事物中创造出新事物。)”可知，我们能从文章中了解到每个人都有自己的长处。故选C。 C Researchers hope brain implants will one day help people with aphasia (失语症) to get their voice back — and maybe even to sing. Now, for the first time, scientists have demonstrated that the brain’s electrical activity can be decoded and used to reconstruct music. A new study analyzed data from 29 people monitored for epileptic seizures (癫痫发作), using electrodes (电极) on the surface of their brain. As participants listened to a selected song, electrodes captured brain activity related to musical elements, such as tone, rhythm, and lyrics. Employing machine learning, Robert Knight from UC Berkeley and his colleagues reconstructed what the participants were hearing and published their study results. The paper is the first to suggest that scientists can “listen secretly to” the brain to synthesize (合成) music. To turn brain activity data into musical sound, researchers trained an artificial intelligence (AI)model to decode data captured from thousands of electrodes that were attached to the participants as they listened to the song while undergoing surgery. Once the brain data were fed through the model, the music returned. The model also revealed some brain parts responding to different musical features of the song. Although the findings focused on music, the researchers expect their results to be most useful for translating brain waves into human speech. Ludovic Bellier, the study’s lead author, explains that speech, regardless of language, has small melodic differences — tempo, stress, accents, and intonation — known as prosody (韵律). These elements carry meaning that we can’t communicate with words alone. He hopes the model will improve brain-computer interfaces (BCI), assistive devices that record speech-associated brain waves and use algorithms to reconstruct intended messages. This technology, still in its infancy, could help people who have lost the ability to speak because of aphasia. Future research should investigate whether these models can be expanded from music that participants have heard to imagined internal speech. If a brain-computer interface could recreate someone’s speech with the prosody and emotional weight found in music, it could offer a richer communication experience beyond mere words. Several barriers remain before we can put this technology in the hands — or brains — of patients. The current model relies on surgical implants. As recording techniques improve, the hope is to gather data non-invasively, possibly using ultrasensitive electrodes. However, under current technologies, this approach might result in a lower speed of decoding into natural speech. The researchers also hope to improve the playback clarity by packing the electrodes closer together on the brain’s surface, enabling an even more detailed look at the electrical symphony the brain produces. 28．What can we learn from the study? A．Electrodes can analyze musical elements. B．The decoding of brain data helps recreate music. C．Machine learning greatly enhances brain activity. D．The AI model monitors music-responsive brain regions. 29．What hopefully makes it possible to expand the model to speech? A．The prosody of speech. B．The collection of brain waves. C．The emotional weight of music. D．The reconstruction of information. 30．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Unlocking the Secrets of Melodic Mind B．Brain Symphony: Synthesized Human Speech C．BCI Brings Hope to People with Aphasia D．Remarkable Journey: Decoding Brain with AI 【答案】28．B 29．A 30．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲科学家首次证明大脑电活动可解码并用于重构音乐，他们还期望该研究成果能助失语症患者恢复说话能力，未来需克服一些障碍才能将此技术应用于患者。 28．细节理解题。根据第三段的“To turn brain activity data into musical sound, researchers trained an artificial intelligence (AI) model to decode data captured from thousands of electrodes that were attached to the participants as they listened to the song while undergoing surgery.(为了将大脑活动数据转化为音乐声音，研究人员训练了一个人工智能模型来解码从数千个电极捕获的数据，这些电极是在参与者接受手术时听歌曲时连接到他们身上的)”可知，解码大脑数据有助于重新创造音乐。故选B。 29．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Although the findings focused on music, the researchers expect their results to be most useful for translating brain waves into human speech．Ludovic Bellier, the study’s lead author, explains that speech, regardless of language, has small melodic differences—tempo, stress, accents, and intonation—known as prosody．These elements carry meaning that we can’t communicate with words alone．He hopes the model will improve brain-computer interfaces (BCI), assistive devices that record speech-associated brain waves and use algorithms to reconstruct intended messages.(尽管研究结果主要集中在音乐上，但研究人员希望他们的结果在将脑电波转换为人类语言方面最有用。该研究的主要作者Ludovic Bellier解释说，无论语言是什么，语音都有小的旋律差异——节奏、重音、口音和语调——被称为韵律。这些元素所承载的意义是我们无法仅用语言交流的。他希望这个模型能够改善脑机接口，这是一种辅助设备，可以记录与语音相关的脑电波，并使用算法来重建预期的信息)”可知，是语音的韵律使得将模型扩展到语音成为可能。故选A。 30．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“Researchers hope brain implants will one day help people with aphasia to get their voice back — and maybe even to sing．Now, for the first time, scientists have demonstrated that the brain’s electrical activity can be decoded and used to reconstruct music.(研究人员希望大脑植入物有一天能帮助失语症患者恢复声音，甚至可能唱歌。现在，科学家们第一次证明，大脑的电活动可以被解码并用于重建音乐)”可知，文章主要讲科学家首次证明大脑电活动可解码并用于重构音乐，他们还期望该研究成果能助失语症患者恢复说话能力，未来需克服一些障碍才能将此技术应用于患者。由此可知，C选项“脑机接口为失语症患者带来希望”能够很好地概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选C。 D Researchers from a U.K. plant research institute have found a way to provide plants with an antibody-based defense for a specific threat, potentially speeding the creation of crops resistant to any kind of emerging virus, or bacterium (细菌). The strategy is to inoculate a protein from the plant pathogen (病原体) to be targeted to a camel or other camel relatives, purify the unusually small antibodies the camels produce, and engineer the corresponding gene section for them into a plant’s own immune gene. Farmers lose many billions of dollars to plant diseases each year, and emerging pathogens pose new threats to food security in the developing world. Plants have evolved their own immune system, kick-started by cell receptors that recognize general pathogen features, such as a bacterial cell wall, as well as intracellular receptors for molecules (分子) produced by specific pathogens. If a plant cell detects these molecules, it may trigger its own death to save the rest of the plant. But plant pathogens often evolve and escape from those receptors. A long-standing dream in plant biotechnology is to create designer disease resistance genes that could be produced as fast as pathogens emerge. One approach is to edit the gene for a plant immune receptor, changing the protein’s shape to recognize a particular pathogenic molecule. Instead, Sophien Kamoun, a molecular biologist at the Sainsbury Laboratory, and his colleagues used an animal immune system to help make the receptor adjustments. During an infection with a new pathogen, animals produce billions of slightly different antibodies, ultimately selecting and mass-producing those that best target the virus. Camelids, which include camels, are workhorses for antibody design because their immune systems create unusually small versions, called nano-bodies. As a proof of principle of the new plant defense strategy, Kamoun’s group turned to two standard camelid nano-bodies that recognize two different molecules, including one called green fluorescent protein (GFP), to detect test viruses, in this case a potato virus, engineered to make the fluorescent proteins. They investigated how well plants with the nano-body-enhanced receptors detected the changed potato viruses. It was found that the plants increased an active immune response and experienced almost no viral reproduction. “The exciting part about this technology is that we have the potential of made-to-order resistance genes and keeping up with a pathogen,” Kamoun says. “This technology is a potential game changer,” says Jeff Dangl, a plant researcher at the University of North Carolina. Ksenia Krasileva, a scientist at the University of California, Berkeley, says the mixture of nano-bodies with plant immune receptors opens up a vast body of biomedical knowledge for plant scientists. “We can now dig into all of that research and translate it to save crops.” 31．What does the underlined word “inoculate” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Compare. B．Restore. C．Introduce. D．Label. 32．What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2? A．To illustrate the function of cells in saving the plant. B．To explain how to strengthen plant receptors effectively. C．To demonstrate the solutions to farmers’ annual heavy losses. D．To reveal why plants fail to handle constantly-updated diseases. 33．What can we learn from the passage? A．Editing plant receptors is to match the shape of pathogens. B．Nano-bodies can help plants catch up with pathogen changes. C．Plants select the best antibodies from animals to fight viruses. D．Plants with nano-bodies respond actively in massive virus copying. 34．According to the passage, scientists will . A．apply the outcome in the real world B．prove the findings of resistance genes C．identify similar means to fight diseases D．seek more support for the new strategy 【答案】31．C 32．D 33．B 34．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了英国一家植物研究所的研究人员发现了一种方法，可以为植物提供一种基于抗体的防御机制，以抵御一种特定的威胁，这可能会加速作物对任何新出现的病毒或细菌的抗性的产生。 31．词句猜测题。根据画线词下文“a protein from the plant pathogen (病原体) to be targeted to a camel or other camel relatives, purify the unusually small antibodies the camels produce, and engineer the corresponding gene section for them into a plant’s own immune gene(将植物病原体中的一种蛋白质接种到骆驼或其他骆驼亲属，纯化骆驼产生的异常小的抗体，并将其相应的基因片段转化为植物自身的免疫基因)”可知，要纯化骆驼产生的异常小的抗体，并将相应的基因片段设计成植物自身的免疫基因，需要把一种来自植物病原体的蛋白质引入到骆驼或其他骆驼的近亲身上，故画线词意思是“引入”。故选C。 32．推理判断题。根据第二段“Farmers lose many billions of dollars to plant diseases each year, and emerging pathogens pose new threats to food security in the developing world．Plants have evolved their own immune system, kick-started by cell receptors that recognize general pathogen features, such as a bacterial cell wall, as well as intracellular receptors for molecules (分子) produced by specific pathogens．If a plant cell detects these molecules, it may trigger its own death to save the rest of the plant．But plant pathogens often evolve and escape from those receptors.(农民每年因植物病害损失数十亿美元，新出现的病原体对发展中国家的粮食安全构成了新的威胁。植物已经进化出了自己的免疫系统，由识别一般病原体特征（如细菌细胞壁）的细胞受体以及识别特定病原体产生的分子的细胞内受体启动。如果一个植物细胞检测到这些分子，它可能会触发自己的死亡，以拯救植物的其余部分。但植物病原体经常进化并逃离这些受体)”可推知，第二段的主要目的是揭示为什么植物不能应对不断更新的疾病。故选D。 33．细节理解题。根据最后一段““The exciting part about this technology is that we have the potential of made-to-order resistance genes and keeping up with a pathogen,” Kamoun says.( Kamoun说：“这项技术令人兴奋的部分是，我们有可能定制抗性基因，并跟上病原体的步伐。”)”可知，纳米体可以帮助植物跟上病原体的变化。故选B。 34．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ksenia Krasileva, a scientist at the University of California, Berkeley, says the mixture of nano-bodies with plant immune receptors opens up a vast body of biomedical knowledge for plant scientists．“We can now dig into all of that research and translate it to save crops.”(加州大学伯克利分校的科学家Ksenia Krasileva说，纳米体与植物免疫受体的混合为植物科学家开辟了一个庞大的生物医学知识体系。“我们现在可以深入研究所有这些研究，并将其转化为拯救作物。”)”可知，科学家将把研究结果应用到现实世界中。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。 It’s fair to say that many parents focus a lot of energy — and worry! — on protecting their small kids from risky situations. But this past weekend, reporter Ellen Barry published a piece about a growing movement in Britain: people are bringing risk into the playground experience. 35 It contrasts with sheltering kids with the less demanding facilities typical of playgrounds. As Barry puts it, including limited risk into our kids’ playtime may be taking a step toward healthier child development. He cites a sign posted outside the Princess Diana Playground in London’s Kensington Gardens. 36 They are intentionally provided, so that your kids can develop an appreciation of risk in a controlled play environment. 37 Communities in Australia, Canada, and Sweden are making similar changes to their playgrounds. They want kids to learn and grow by facing challenges they can handle, Barry reports. Controlled risk at play time — where, after all, the children are still under close supervision (监护) — would seem a good addition to the free-range child movement. In that initiative, it’s suggested that free-range kids take walks in nature or ride public transportation on their own. 38 Besides, considering child development from an evolutionary (进化的) view offers more backing. Our long journey through time and nature has made us who we are today, with behaviors, thoughts and bodies shaped. 39 Looking at this bigger picture helps us understand why people make such a choice. A．Kids learn best while playing. B．More exploration is expected. C．It says it’s okay for kids to take some risks. D．Limited-risk playgrounds begin to catch on. E．The idea is to help kids become tough and strong. F．Generally, they are encouraged to get outside and acquire independent skills. G．It is therefore important to let kids do things that match how they naturally grow. 【答案】35．E 36．C 37．D 38．F 39．G 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章介绍了英国一项正在发展的运动——人们正在把风险代入游乐场体验的影响及人们对此的看法。 35．前文“But this past weekend, reporter Ellen Barry published a piece about a growing movement in Britain: people are bringing risk into the playground experience.(但就在刚刚过去的这个周末，记者艾伦·巴里发表了一篇文章，内容是关于英国一项正在发展的运动：人们正在把风险带入游乐场体验)”及下文“It contrasts with sheltering kids with the less demanding facilities typical of playgrounds.(这与为孩子们提供不那么苛刻的设施的游乐场形成了对比)”可知，E选项“这个想法是为了帮助孩子们变得坚强。”表明前文这项运动的目的，且这项运动与下文提到的“为孩子们提供不那么苛刻的设施的游乐场”形成了对比。故选E。 36．前文“He cites a sign posted outside the Princess Diana Playground in London’s Kensington Gardens.(他举了伦敦肯辛顿花园戴安娜王妃游乐场外的一个牌子为例)”可知，前文提到张贴在游乐园外的一个牌子，C选项“它说孩子们可以冒险。”具体说明了牌子上写的内容，it代指前文的sign。故选C。 37．后文“Communities in Australia, Canada, and Sweden are making similar changes to their playgrounds.(澳大利亚、加拿大和瑞典的社区也在对他们的游乐场做出类似的改变)”表明其余地方的游乐场做出了相应的改变，D选项“有限风险的游乐场开始流行起来。”总结下文 ，符合语境。故选D。 38．前文“In that initiative, it’s suggested that free-range kids take walks in nature or ride public transportation on their own.(在这项倡议中，建议自由放养的孩子自己在大自然中散步或乘坐公共交通工具)”表明这项倡议的内容，F选项“一般来说，他们被鼓励到外面去学习独立的技能。”为前文的建议的目的，符合语境。故选F。 39．前文“Our long journey through time and nature has made us who we are today, with behaviors, thoughts and bodies shaped.(我们在时间和自然中的漫长旅程造就了今天的我们，塑造了我们的行为、思想和身体)”可知，成长带来了好处，G选项“因此，让孩子做符合他们自然成长方式的事情是很重要的。”为前一句的结果，同时点明本文主题。故选G。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，共32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 There’s a difference between being nice and being kind. Being nice involves being polite and pleasing to others. If you’re people pleasing, you’re placing an expectation on the person you’re being nice to that they respond to you in a certain way. Being kind is less self-serving. On the one hand, kindness involves being generous without expecting anything in return. The other half is the purpose behind the action. A kind person is acting out of sympathy and genuine concern for another. The difference is intentionality, said Dr. Catherine Franssen, an associate professor of psychology at Longwood University in Virginia, noting that a kind person tries to really understand what someone else is going through. Practicing kindness rather than niceness allows people to develop deeper genuine connections with others, said Franssen. The more you do it, the easier it will get to relate to others and build more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life. The warm feeling you get from performing an act of kindness is your brain releasing a ton of feel-good chemicals. Franssen said being kind boosts production of serotonin, a neurotransmitter (神经传递素) involved in mood, including happiness. Kindness also releases dopamine, a brain chemical in charge of reward and pleasure. It’s the reason why doing one act of kindness feels so good that you want to do another. Being kind gives the same health benefits, regardless of how big or small the gesture. Acts of kindness might feel strange and out-of-character at first. However, this feeling goes away the more you keep practicing. Soon enough, it becomes so familiar you’ll notice the benefits on yourself and others. 40．What does being kind involve? 41．Why do you get warm feeling when showing kindness? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why． > The more you practice niceness, the easier you will connect with others and establish more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life. 43．In your daily life, what can you do to show kindness? (In about 40 words) 【答案】40．Being kind/Kindness/It involves being generous without expecting anything in return. 41．(Because) When showing kindness, your brain releases a ton of feel-good chemicals such as serotonin and dopamine while showing kindness. The warm feeling you get from performing an act of kindness is your brain releasing a ton of feel-good chemicals. 42．The more you practice niceness, the easier you will connect with others and establish more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life. (According to the passage, ) the more you practice kindness, the easier you will connect others and build more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life./The more you practice kindness, the easier it will get to relate to others and build more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life. 43．In my daily life, I can show kindness by listening attentively to others, offering help when needed, and being generous with my time and resources. Simple actions like smiling, greeting, and offering a word of encouragement can also convey kindness. 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要解释了善良的定义，以及善良的意义所在。 40．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Being kind is less self-serving．On the one hand, kindness involves being generous without expecting anything in return．The other half is the purpose behind the action．A kind person is acting out of sympathy and genuine concern for another.(善良是少自私。一方面，善良包括不期望任何回报的慷慨。另一半是行动背后的目的。善良的人的行为是出于对他人的同情和真诚的关心)”可知，善良的行为包括对他人的真诚关心和同情，不期待任何回报。故答案为Being kind/Kindness/It involves being generous without expecting anything in return. 41．考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“The warm feeling you get from performing an act of kindness is your brain releasing a ton of feel-good chemicals．Franssen said being kind boosts production of serotonin, a neurotransmitter (神经传递素) involved in mood, including happiness．Kindness also releases dopamine, a brain chemical in charge of reward and pleasure．It’s the reason why doing one act of kindness feels so good that you want to do another.(你从做好事中得到的温暖感觉是你的大脑释放了大量让你感觉良好的化学物质。Franssen说，友善会促进血清素的产生，血清素是一种与情绪有关的神经递质，包括幸福感。善良也会释放多巴胺，这是一种负责奖励和快乐的大脑化学物质。这就是为什么做了一件好事感觉很好，你想做另一件事的原因)”可知，从做好事中得到温暖是因为大脑释放了大量化学物质，这些化学物质会让你感到温暖。故答案为(Because) When showing kindness, your brain releases a ton of feel-good chemicals such as serotonin and dopamine while showing kindness．The warm feeling you get from performing an act of kindness is your brain releasing a ton of feel-good chemicals. 42．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“Practicing kindness rather than niceness allows people to develop deeper genuine connections with others, said Franssen．The more you do it, the easier it will get to relate to others and build more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life.( Franssen说，练习善良而不是友善能让人们与他人建立更深层次的真诚联系。你做得越多，就越容易与他人建立联系，并在生活的各个方面建立更有意义的关系)”可知，练习善良练得越多，就越容易与他人建立联系，并在生活的各个方面建立更有意义的关系，而不是练习友善。故答案为The more you practice niceness, the easier you will connect with others and establish more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life. (According to the passage, ) the more you practice kindness, the easier you will connect others and build more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life./The more you practice kindness, the easier it will get to relate to others and build more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life. 43．开放题。要求考生谈谈在现实生活中会如何表达善意，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为In my daily life, I can show kindness by listening attentively to others, offering help when needed, and being generous with my time and resources．Simple actions like smiling, greeting, and offering a word of encouragement can also convey kindness. 第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分) 44．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你和你校交换生Jim准备联合参加学校组织的校园文创设计大赛(Campus Cultural and Creative Design Competition), 请给Jim发邮件，内容包括： 1． 分享你的创意; 2． 询问Jim的建议。 注意：1. 词数100左右; 2． 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, How is it going? I’ve just had a “light bulb” moment for our entry in the upcoming Campus Cultural and Creative Design Competition, and I can’t wait to share it with you to get your thoughts. How about creating a series of bookmarks? On one side, we’ll have our school motto, and on the flip side, breathtaking illustrations showcase our campus throughout the four seasons. Each bookmark will capture a special moment or scene that perfectly reflects the essence of that particular season. I really think this idea not only nails the competition theme but also offers a practical yet visually stunning product that truly represents the spirit of our school. What do you think? Would love to hear your thoughts and any suggestions you might have! Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Jim发邮件，介绍你参加校园文创设计大赛的创意。 【详解】1.词汇积累 比赛：competition→contest ……怎样：how about→what about 建议：suggestion→advice 本质：essence→nature 2．句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Would love to hear your thoughts and any suggestions you might have! 拓展句：If you have any better thoughts or suggestions, don’t hesitate to contact me. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Each bookmark will capture a special moment or scene that perfectly reflects the essence of that particular season. (运用了that引导定语从句) [高分句型2] I really think this idea not only nails the competition theme but also offers a practical yet visually stunning product that truly represents the spirit of our school. (运用了not only…but also…句型) / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年高考第一次模拟考试（北京专用）02 英语·参考答案 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分) 第一节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．B 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 11．were damaged 12．to collect 13．more interesting 14．competition 15．have identified 16．prevents 17．what 18．leading 19．which/that 20．from 第二部分 阅读理解( 共两节, 38 分) 第一节(共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分) 21．C 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．C 26．A 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．C 31．C 32．D 33．B 34．A 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分) 35．E 36．C 37．D 38．F 39．G 第三部分 书面表达(共两节， 32 分) 第一节 (共 4 小题； 第 40、41 题各 2 分， 第 42 题 3 分， 第 43 题 5 分， 共 12 分) 40．Being kind/Kindness/It involves being generous without expecting anything in return. 41．(Because) When showing kindness, your brain releases a ton of feel-good chemicals such as serotonin and dopamine while showing kindness．The warm feeling you get from performing an act of kindness is your brain releasing a ton of feel-good chemicals. 42．The more you practice niceness, the easier you will connect with others and establish more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life. (According to the passage, ) the more you practice kindness, the easier you will connect others and build more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life./The more you practice kindness, the easier it will get to relate to others and build more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life. 43．In my daily life, I can show kindness by listening attentively to others, offering help when needed, and being generous with my time and resources．Simple actions like smiling, greeting, and offering a word of encouragement can also convey kindness. 第二节(20 分) 44．Dear Jim, How is it going? I’ve just had a “light bulb” moment for our entry in the upcoming Campus Cultural and Creative Design Competition, and I can’t wait to share it with you to get your thoughts. How about creating a series of bookmarks? On one side, we’ll have our school motto, and on the flip side, breathtaking illustrations showcase our campus throughout the four seasons. Each bookmark will capture a special moment or scene that perfectly reflects the essence of that particular season. I really think this idea not only nails the competition theme but also offers a practical yet visually stunning product that truly represents the spirit of our school. What do you think? Would love to hear your thoughts and any suggestions you might have! Yours, Li Hua / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2025年高考第一次模拟考试（北京专用）02 英语·答题卡 姓名： 准考证号 记 条码粘贴处 准考证号 注意事项 0 1,答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清 密 2,请将准考证条码粘贴在右侧的条码粘贴处1的方框 内。 3,选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂：非选择题必须用05 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整。 4,请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答，超出范围的 答案无效，在草纸，试卷上作答无效。 6 5,保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准 使用涂改液、刮纸刀。 6 填涂样例正确■错误一Ⅱ√小[×] 第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分） 第-节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） I.A][B][C][D] 6.A][B][C][D] 2[A][B][C][D] 7[AJ[B][C][D] 3.[A][B][C][D] 8[A]IB][C][D] 4.(A][B][C][D] 9.A][B][C][D] 5.A][B][C1[D] 10.AJ[B][C]D] 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19. 20. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分） 21.[A][B][C1[D] 26.[A][B][C][D131.A][B][C1[D1 35.A][B][C][D][E1[F][G] 22.[A][B][C][D] 27.A][B][C][D] 32.A][B][C][D] 36.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G] 23A][B][C][D] 28.AJ[B][C][D133A][B][C][D] 37.LAJ[B][C][D[E][F][G] 24.[A][B][C]D]29.(A][B][C][D] 34.[A][B][C][D] 38.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G] 25.A][B][C1[D] 30.A][B][C][D] 39.[AJ[B][C][D1[E][F1[G] 请在各恩目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第1页共2页 第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（满分12分） 40. (2分) 41 (2分) 42 (3分) 43 (5分) 第二节（满分20分） Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第2页共2页