精品解析：山东省菏泽市鄄城县第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

高二英语试题 考生注意: 1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分, 考试时间120分钟。 2. 答题前, 考生务必用直径 0.5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3. 考生作答时, 请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后, 用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑; 非选择题请用直径 0.5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效, 在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4. 本卷命题范围: 人教版选择性必修第一册~选择性必修第二册Unit 2 第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. At a restaurant. C. In an office. 2. Where does the man go windsurfing? A. On the lake. B. On the river. C. On the sea. 3. What do the man's parents usually eat for dinner? A. Noodles. B. Vegetables. C. Meat. 4 What are the speakers talking about? A. Their trip. B. Their clothes. C. Their jobs. 5. What will the speakers do next? A. Buy a T-shirt. B. Go to a party. C. See an app. 第二节（共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。 6. When does the swimming class start? A At 6:30. B. At 7:00. C. At 7:30. 7. What does the man want the woman to do? A. Hurry up. B. Do her hair. C. Swim better. 听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To make an invitation. B. To ask for advice. C. To express thanks. 9. What does the woman say about the Latin Quarter? A. It is far from Paris. B. It is a nice place to live in. C. It is a modern community. 10. What will the woman most likely continue talking about? A. Accommodation. B. The history of Paris. C. The advantage of taking the subway. 听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。 11. Why does the man make the phone call? A. To arrange an outing. B. To put off a meeting. C. To get some information. 12. Where is the man's office? A. In Building 3. B. In Building 4. C. In the main building. 13. What does the man expect James Green to do before 1:30? A. Call back. B. Go to his office. C. Chair a meeting. 听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。 14. What is the woman doing? A. Having a class. B. Working in the hospital. C. Sharing a piece of news. 15. What happened to Mario? A. He was late for school. B. He lost his fishing boat. C. He ran into trouble when swimming. 16. Which word can best describe the two brothers? A. Helpful. B. Lucky. C. Grateful. 17. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Strangers. 听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。 18. How did the speaker find a long flat ride at the very start? A. Easy. B. Boring. C. Tiring. 19. What can we learn about the speaker? A. He considers cycling as a task. B. He is completely new to cycling. C. He has made progress in riding uphill. 20. What does the speaker stress at the end of the speech? A. Tips on bicycling. B. Varieties of sports. C. Benefits of bicycling. 第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Science Books You Need to Read Jellyfish Age Backwards Ageing always seems to be on our minds. Biologist and youngest shortlist in the Royal Society Science Book Prize’s history Nicklas Brendborg takes us deeper into the topic. Without making claims about ways to stay young forever, Brendborg guides readers through the science of ageing and how you can make it easier on yourself. Nuts and Bolts Award-winning engineer and broadcaster Roma Agrawal breaks down some of the greatest achievements of engineering, from skyscrapers (摩天大楼) to space travel, into seven key inventions. Written in a humorous tone, with personal touches such as a letter to Agrawal’s daughter, this book will have you look at the world around you through a new viewpoint. Taking Flight Lev Parikian brings a well-deserved sense of wonder to the act of flight. His book explores fourteen different flying species, starting 300 million years ago with insects and coming right up to the birds and butterflies of today. An Immense World In this impressive page-turner, Ed Yong takes us past our own senses to help us imagine how the world is perceived (感知) by the animals with which we share this planet. Going beyond sight, sound, smell, taste and touch, Yong invites us to explore vibrations (振动), electric fields and beyond. 1. Who wrote the book Jelly fish Age Backwards? A. Nicklas Brendborg. B. Ed Yong. C. Lev Parikian. D. Roma Agrawal. 2. Which book focuses on a wide range of inventions? A. Taking Flight. B. An Immense World. C. Nuts and Bolts. D. Jellyfish Age Backwards. 3. What do the last two books have in common? A. They have won prizes. B. They are about animals. C. They research on how to fly. D. They are authored by the same person. B Juleus Ghunta is a published children’s author and award-winning poet. But growing up, he could barely read. Ghunta’s family lived in a rural part of Western Jamaica. His mother often had to make tough choices about how to use their limited resources, including a decision to send his oldest sister to school. When Ghunta finally went to school, he couldn’t catch up on his reading skills. Not only had he been kept home from school as a child, but he had no access to books. By the time he entered the sixth grade, he could spell his name, but he still couldn’t make out words or read with understanding. When Ghunta was about 12, a young teacher decided to start a special reading program for struggling students. Ghunta was the first student to sign up. The teacher was incredibly kind to him. She did not ask anything of Ghunta, except that he worked hard and believed in himself. Under her guidance, Ghunta’s reading skills finally started to improve. He started to feel more confident. “She had left me with the gift of literacy,” he said, “and with the value as a human being.” His life took a new direction. He graduated from elementary school with a number of academic awards, including one for “most improved in reading”. He went on to college. Today, he is the author of two children’s books, about overcoming difficult experiences in childhood. He’s now working on his first full-length collection of poetry. Ghunta said, “I would love her to see the significant impact that she has made on my life, and the ways in which I have carried this memory of her — the hope and the light — with me and how it continues to be a source of joy.” 4. What caused Ghunta’s poor reading ability? A. Limited family resources. B. Early disinterest in reading. C. Lacking enough attention. D. Terrible memory. 5. Who inspired Ghunta greatly in his study? A. His mother. B. His sister. C. A young teacher. D. Other struggling students. 6. What does paragraph 5 mainly say about Ghunta? A. His future life. B. His achievements. C. His family background. D. His self-taught experience. 7. Which of the following can best describe Ghunta’s story? A. Reading helps people find happiness. B. Direction is the key to success. C. Poverty contributes to a person’s success. D. A teacher’s belief lights a student’s path. C Sensory-based food education given to 3 — 5-year-old children in the kindergarten increases their willingness to choose vegetables and fruit, according to a new study from the University of Eastern Finland. The researchers used the sensory-based food education method Sapere, which makes use of children’s natural way of relying on all of the five senses when learning new things. In the Sapere method, children are given an active role around food, and they are encouraged to share their sensory experiences. For example, kindergartens can introduce different vegetables and fruit to children. They can involve children in baking and cooking, and they can offer children opportunities to grow their own vegetables in the kindergarten backyard. Food-related themes can also be included in books and games. The researchers compared children in different kindergarten groups. Some were offered sensory-based food education, while others weren’t. Children were offered a snack buffet containing different vegetables and fruit to choose from, and the researchers took photos of their plates to analyse their willingness to choose and eat these food items. The findings show that sensory-based food education increased children’s willingness to choose vegetables and fruit, especially among children whose parents had a lower educational background. On average, children of lower-educated parents tend to eat fewer vegetables and fruit. This is how food education given in the kindergarten can help even out the dietary gap between families. “Another interesting finding is that the Sapere food education method also seems to improve the eating atmosphere in kindergarten groups. This encourages children to choose a more diverse selection on their plates,” explains Kähkönen, who is an expert on health. Positive and personal food-related experiences gained in the kindergarten can help adjust dietary preferences in a direction that is beneficial to health. Dietary preferences learned in early childhood often stick with a person all the way to adolescence and adulthood. 8. What is the main focus of the new study? A. The relation between diet and health. B. The impact of family on food choices. C The role of kindergartens in food education. D. The effectiveness of Sapere in food education. 9. How did the researchers conduct their research? A. By making a comparison. B. By analyzing the previous cases. C. By interviewing some children. D. By collecting the relevant data. 10. What do the underlined words “even out” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Measure. B. Narrow. C. Analyze. D. Update. 11. What’s Kähkönen’s attitude towards the Sapere method? A. Doubtful. B. Opposed. C. Favorable. D. Unclear. D Red pandas live in high-altitude, mild forests where they prefer to be near water and have access to bamboo. They are mostly active at dusk and dawn, and they sleep during most of the day. They rely on the trees for shelter, to escape from predators (捕食者), and to sunbathe in the winter. About 98% of a red panda’s diet is bamboo. They need a lot of it to survive — around 2 kilograms each day. However, finding enough bamboo is difficult as the red panda’s habitat becomes smaller. When people move into the red panda’s area, they clear forests for housing and commercial development, farming and mining. Natural disasters such as landslides, floods; heavy snow and rainfall have also destroyed their habitats. Forest fires, invasive (侵入的) plant species, and issues with bamboo flowering (including the death of the plant) have similarly had effects on the red panda’s habitat. Species of bamboo are affected by forest fires and other environmental changes. As people move into the area, they often collect bamboo, leaving less for red pandas to eat. Although the red panda is endangered, steps are being made to save the species and its habitat. According to the IUCN, China has 46 protected areas, covering about 65% of the species’ habitat in the country. There are at least 19 protected areas in India, five in Bhutan and three in Myanmar. The Red Panda Network is a nonprofit organization that protects red pandas and their habitat. They work with local community groups to establish wildlife feeding centers, train forest protectors to raise awareness about red pandas, and work with villagers to establish protected areas. The WWF is also working to protect red pandas and their habitats. Because more than a third of the potential habitat is in Nepal, the group works with yak herders (牦牛牧民) and other groups there to lower their effect on the red panda’s habitat. 12. Why is it challenging for red pandas to find enough food? A. Bamboo is not good enough. B. They are not active hunters. C. Their habitats are becoming smaller. D. There is a lack of water in their habitat. 13. What do the data in paragraph 4 mainly show? A. Global efforts to protect red pandas. B. Serious situations faced by red pandas. C India’s deep protection of rare wildlife. D. China’s advantage in keeping red pandas. 14. What does the Red Panda Network do to protect red pandas? A. Force yak herders to move away. B. Advocate people to adopt them. C. Cooperate with local experts to do research. D. Work with communities to build wildlife feeding centers. 15. What’s a suitable title for this text? A. The Key Points of Red Pandas’ Survival. B. The Influence of Natural Disasters on Bamboo. C. The Threat and Protection of Red Pandas. D. The Reason for the Disappearance of Bamboo. 第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Beat Boredom over the Summer The first week of summer is wonderful. By the second week, you almost want to go back to school early. Shake that thought out of your head. There’s a world of activity out there, so seize the day and see what catches your attention. Learn a new hobby. Is there something you’ve always wanted to learn, but didn’t think you could? ____16____ You can learn to play a musical instrument. Taking up singing or dancing is also a good choice. Volunteer. ____17____ Of course, you’re working towards a good cause as well. Volunteering is always a great way to give back to the community, connect and meet new people as well as a relaxing form of exercising. Look for an organization in your area that picks up trash, works with injured or abandoned animals, or works for political causes. ____18____ Look at your town’s tourism website or brochures advertising events and find out what attracts people traveling from other locations. There might be anything from museums to playgrounds lurking (潜藏) in your town, or areas a short drive away. Check out a set of books from the library. Books can transport you into a different world, or let you see through the eyes of others. Try learning all you can on a particular topic. ____19____ Some of the world’s top universities even post lectures online, and these are often more interesting than high school classes. Learn a language. Knowing a foreign language can lead to many opportunities, not to mention it looks good on college applications. Get started by finding a beginner’s class nearby, or ask a friend or family member to teach you a language they know. ____20____ A. Act like a tourist in your town. B. Work as a guide to promote your city. C. Helping your community can be satisfying, uplifting work. D. If you want to learn even more, try an online college course. E. Summer might provide the free time you need to pick up something new. F. It’ll keep you busy, introduce you to new people, and enable you to earn money. G. It’s also a good idea to search online for language courses or conversation partners. 第三部分语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My family spend our Sunday evenings writing postcards to put smiles on the faces of people living with cancer. We began doing it through a ____21____ that helps patients. It started as a way for my daughter Ella to volunteer for the Duke of Edinburgh’s Silver Award. When Ella started writing, my husband said, “Why don’t we all get active?” We were at first surprised by the idea, but then we started to get excited about it. ____22____, it developed into an activity for the whole ____23____. Now every Sunday evening, I say “postcards, people” and we all ____24____ around the kitchen table and write together. We think it is a ____25____ way to put a smile on someone’s face. We have ____26____ some friends and family because of cancer, which played a key role in us wanting to take part in the ____27____. Sometimes we may ____28____ about something that we have attended. Sometimes it’s more about the gardening and the weather and we may comment on the art or people on the ____29____ we are writing on. The postcards are given to the charity From Me to You as part of its “donate a letter” program, which sees them ____30____ by the charity, filtered (过滤), repackaged and delivered to hospitals, cancer centres or ____31____ at home. I hope to ____32____ others to take part. It’s so ____33____, but can have such an impact and I just think we need to reignite (重燃) the ____34____ of a letter. Something handwritten is so lovely and ____35____ and cannot be copied in an email or text. 21. A. situation B. church C. charity D. country 22. A. Usually B. Hopefully C. Absolutely D. Eventually 23. A. family B. class C. hospital D. world 24. A. walk up B. sit down C. get out D. come off 25. A. strange B. comic C. fortunate D. nice 26. A. lost B. sent C. missed D. made 27. A. game B. incident C. project D. design 28. A. talk B. write C. learn D. hear 29. A. postcard B. handbook C. brochure D. newspaper 30. A. drawn B. typed C. read D. printed 31. A. masters B. volunteers C. organizers D. individuals 32. A. inspire B. require C. leave D. command 33. A. popular B. simple C. boring D. obvious 34. A. faith B. study C. love D. sale 35. A. normal B. academic C. natural D. personal 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and ___36___ （gift）scientists in physics. Most people are familiar ___37___ images of him in his wheelchair, unable ___38___ （move）and using a computer to talk. Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of abstract thought. Hawking first achieved fame when he was still ___39___ （health）enough to walk, as a graduate student in physics at Cambridge University in 1964. In general, there were two main ___40___ （theory）on the origin of the universe. The first was the steady state theory, ___41___ holds that the universe has no ___42___ （begin）or end. The other was the big bang theory. Hawking' own work on the big bang theory was soon proven by astronomers with telescopes. A star was born. So, what made Stephen Hawking a genius? Besides being brilliant, he was brave, though sometimes careless in what he ___43___ （say）or did. He was willing to say what others were afraid to say, and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about. Furthermore, he was quite determined. This had helped him as ___44___ scientist, and had helped him even more in his fight against his disease. Above all, Hawking was willing to admit his faults. This odd ____45____ （combine）of characteristics had made him one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国好友Charles发来邮件询问你暑期参加科学营的情况。请你给他回复一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 主要活动； 2. 你的收获。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Charles, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.” I bit back my frustration(懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答. We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-5 BАСАС 6~10 ВАВВС 11~15 BАAСС 16~20 AВАСС 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高二英语试题 考生注意: 1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分, 考试时间120分钟。 2. 答题前, 考生务必用直径 0.5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3. 考生作答时, 请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后, 用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑; 非选择题请用直径 0.5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效, 在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4. 本卷命题范围: 人教版选择性必修第一册~选择性必修第二册Unit 2 第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. At a restaurant. C. In an office. 2. Where does the man go windsurfing? A. On the lake. B. On the river. C. On the sea. 3. What do the man's parents usually eat for dinner? A. Noodles. B. Vegetables. C. Meat. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. Their trip. B. Their clothes. C. Their jobs. 5. What will the speakers do next? A. Buy a T-shirt. B. Go to a party. C. See an app. 第二节（共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。 6. When does the swimming class start? A. At 6:30. B. At 7:00. C. At 7:30. 7. What does the man want the woman to do? A. Hurry up. B. Do her hair. C. Swim better. 听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To make an invitation. B. To ask for advice. C. To express thanks. 9. What does the woman say about the Latin Quarter? A. It is far from Paris. B. It is a nice place to live in. C. It is a modern community. 10. What will the woman most likely continue talking about? A. Accommodation. B. The history of Paris. C. The advantage of taking the subway. 听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。 11. Why does the man make the phone call? A. To arrange an outing. B. To put off a meeting. C. To get some information. 12. Where is the man's office? A. In Building 3. B. In Building 4. C. In the main building. 13. What does the man expect James Green to do before 1:30? A. Call back. B. Go to his office. C. Chair a meeting. 听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。 14. What is the woman doing? A. Having a class. B. Working in the hospital. C. Sharing a piece of news. 15. What happened to Mario? A. He was late for school. B. He lost his fishing boat. C. He ran into trouble when swimming. 16. Which word can best describe the two brothers? A. Helpful. B. Lucky. C. Grateful. 17. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Strangers. 听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。 18. How did the speaker find a long flat ride at the very start? A. Easy. B. Boring. C. Tiring. 19. What can we learn about the speaker? A. He considers cycling as a task. B. He is completely new to cycling. C. He has made progress in riding uphill. 20. What does the speaker stress at the end of the speech? A. Tips on bicycling. B. Varieties of sports. C. Benefits of bicycling. 第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Science Books You Need to Read Jellyfish Age Backwards Ageing always seems to be on our minds. Biologist and youngest shortlist in the Royal Society Science Book Prize’s history, Nicklas Brendborg takes us deeper into the topic. Without making claims about ways to stay young forever, Brendborg guides readers through the science of ageing and how you can make it easier on yourself. Nuts and Bolts Award-winning engineer and broadcaster Roma Agrawal breaks down some of the greatest achievements of engineering, from skyscrapers (摩天大楼) to space travel, into seven key inventions. Written in a humorous tone, with personal touches such as a letter to Agrawal’s daughter, this book will have you look at the world around you through a new viewpoint. Taking Flight Lev Parikian brings a well-deserved sense of wonder to the act of flight. His book explores fourteen different flying species, starting 300 million years ago with insects and coming right up to the birds and butterflies of today. An Immense World In this impressive page-turner, Ed Yong takes us past our own senses to help us imagine how the world is perceived (感知) by the animals with which we share this planet. Going beyond sight, sound, smell, taste and touch, Yong invites us to explore vibrations (振动), electric fields and beyond. 1. Who wrote the book Jelly fish Age Backwards? A. Nicklas Brendborg. B. Ed Yong. C. Lev Parikian. D. Roma Agrawal. 2. Which book focuses on a wide range of inventions? A. Taking Flight. B. An Immense World. C. Nuts and Bolts. D. Jellyfish Age Backwards. 3. What do the last two books have in common? A. They have won prizes. B. They are about animals. C. They research on how to fly. D. They are authored by the same person. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本科学类书籍。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Jellyfish Age Backwards”中的“Ageing always seems to be on our minds. Biologist and youngest shortlist in the Royal Society Science Book Prize’s history, Nicklas Brendborg takes us deeper into the topic. (衰老似乎总是萦绕在我们的脑海里。生物学家和英国皇家学会科学图书奖历史上最年轻的入围名单，Nicklas Brendborg带我们深入了解这个话题。)”可知，Nicklas Brendborg 写了《青春永驻》（Jellyfish Age Backwards）这本书。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Nuts and Bolts”中的“Award-winning engineer and broadcaster Roma Agrawal breaks down some of the greatest achievements of engineering, from skyscrapers (摩天大楼) to space travel, into seven key inventions. (屡获殊荣的工程师兼播音员罗马·阿格拉瓦尔将一些最伟大的工程成就，从摩天大楼到太空旅行，归纳为七大关键发明。) ”可知，《Nuts and Bolts》这本书聚焦于各种各样的发明。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Taking Flight”中的“His book explores fourteen different flying species, starting 300 million years ago with insects and coming right up to the birds and butterflies of today. (他的书探索了14种不同的飞行物种，从3亿年前的昆虫开始，一直到今天的鸟类和蝴蝶。)”和“An Immense World” 中的“In this impressive page-turner, Ed Yong takes us past our own senses to help us imagine how the world is perceived (感知) by the animals with which we share this planet. (在这本令人印象深刻的引人入胜的书中，Ed Yong带领我们超越自己的感官，帮助我们想象与我们共享这个星球的动物是如何感知这个世界的。)”可知，最后这两本书都是关于动物的。故选B。 B Juleus Ghunta is a published children’s author and award-winning poet. But growing up, he could barely read. Ghunta’s family lived in a rural part of Western Jamaica. His mother often had to make tough choices about how to use their limited resources, including a decision to send his oldest sister to school. When Ghunta finally went to school, he couldn’t catch up on his reading skills. Not only had he been kept home from school as a child, but he had no access to books. By the time he entered the sixth grade, he could spell his name, but he still couldn’t make out words or read with understanding. When Ghunta was about 12, a young teacher decided to start a special reading program for struggling students. Ghunta was the first student to sign up. The teacher was incredibly kind to him. She did not ask anything of Ghunta, except that he worked hard and believed in himself. Under her guidance, Ghunta’s reading skills finally started to improve. He started to feel more confident. “She had left me with the gift of literacy,” he said, “and with the value as a human being.” His life took a new direction. He graduated from elementary school with a number of academic awards, including one for “most improved in reading”. He went on to college. Today, he is the author of two children’s books, about overcoming difficult experiences in childhood. He’s now working on his first full-length collection of poetry. Ghunta said, “I would love her to see the significant impact that she has made on my life, and the ways in which I have carried this memory of her — the hope and the light — with me and how it continues to be a source of joy.” 4. What caused Ghunta’s poor reading ability? A. Limited family resources. B. Early disinterest in reading. C. Lacking enough attention. D. Terrible memory. 5. Who inspired Ghunta greatly in his study? A. His mother. B. His sister. C. A young teacher. D. Other struggling students. 6. What does paragraph 5 mainly say about Ghunta? A. His future life. B. His achievements. C. His family background. D. His self-taught experience. 7. Which of the following can best describe Ghunta’s story? A. Reading helps people find happiness. B. Direction is the key to success. C. Poverty contributes to a person’s success. D. A teacher’s belief lights a student’s path. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述Ghunta的成长经历，特别是他从几乎无法阅读到成为儿童书作家和获奖诗人的转变过程，展现了个人奋斗和老师的帮助对他人生路径的深刻影响。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Not only had he been kept home from school as a child, but he had no access to books.(他不仅小时候被关在家里不去上学，而且也没有机会接触到书)”可知，家庭环境的原因造成了Ghunta较差的阅读能力。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Under her guidance, Ghunta’s reading skills finally started to improve. He started to feel more confident. “She had left me with the gift of literacy,” he said, “and with the value as a human being.” His life took a new direction.(在她的指导下，Ghunta的阅读能力终于开始提高。他开始觉得更自信了。“她给我留下了识字的礼物，”他说，“以及作为人的价值。”他的生活有了新的方向)”可知，一位年轻老师的激励使Ghunta阅读水平提高，生活也有了新方向。故选C。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段“He graduated from elementary school with a number of academic awards, including one for “most improved in reading”. He went on to college. Today, he is the author of two children’s books, about overcoming difficult experiences in childhood. He’s now working on his first full-length collection of poetry.(他从小学毕业时获得了许多学术奖项，其中包括“阅读进步最大”奖。他上了大学。如今，他是两本关于克服童年困难经历的儿童书籍的作者。他现在正在写他的第一部长篇诗集)”可知，第五段主要概括了Ghunta的成就。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ghunta said, “I would love her to see the significant impact that she has made on my life, and the ways in which I have carried this memory of her — the hope and the light — with me and how it continues to be a source of joy.”(Ghunta说：“我希望她能看到她对我的生活产生的重大影响，以及我如何将对她的记忆——希望和光明——带在身边，以及它如何继续成为我快乐的源泉。”)”结合本文叙述了Ghunta从几乎无法阅读到成为儿童书作家和获奖诗人的转变过程。在此期间一个年轻老师的出现改变了Ghunta的人生方向，由此可见，教师的信念照亮学生成长之路。故选D。 C Sensory-based food education given to 3 — 5-year-old children in the kindergarten increases their willingness to choose vegetables and fruit, according to a new study from the University of Eastern Finland. The researchers used the sensory-based food education method Sapere, which makes use of children’s natural way of relying on all of the five senses when learning new things. In the Sapere method, children are given an active role around food, and they are encouraged to share their sensory experiences. For example, kindergartens can introduce different vegetables and fruit to children. They can involve children in baking and cooking, and they can offer children opportunities to grow their own vegetables in the kindergarten backyard. Food-related themes can also be included in books and games. The researchers compared children in different kindergarten groups. Some were offered sensory-based food education, while others weren’t. Children were offered a snack buffet containing different vegetables and fruit to choose from, and the researchers took photos of their plates to analyse their willingness to choose and eat these food items. The findings show that sensory-based food education increased children’s willingness to choose vegetables and fruit, especially among children whose parents had a lower educational background. On average, children of lower-educated parents tend to eat fewer vegetables and fruit. This is how food education given in the kindergarten can help even out the dietary gap between families. “Another interesting finding is that the Sapere food education method also seems to improve the eating atmosphere in kindergarten groups. This encourages children to choose a more diverse selection on their plates,” explains Kähkönen, who is an expert on health. Positive and personal food-related experiences gained in the kindergarten can help adjust dietary preferences in a direction that is beneficial to health. Dietary preferences learned in early childhood often stick with a person all the way to adolescence and adulthood. 8. What is the main focus of the new study? A. The relation between diet and health. B. The impact of family on food choices. C. The role of kindergartens in food education. D. The effectiveness of Sapere in food education. 9. How did the researchers conduct their research? A. By making a comparison. B. By analyzing the previous cases. C. By interviewing some children. D. By collecting the relevant data. 10. What do the underlined words “even out” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Measure. B. Narrow. C. Analyze. D. Update. 11. What’s Kähkönen’s attitude towards the Sapere method? A. Doubtful. B. Opposed. C. Favorable. D. Unclear. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究显示，在幼儿园对3到5岁的孩子进行以感官为基础的食物教育会增强他们选择蔬菜和水果的意愿。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers used the sensory-based food education method Sapere, which makes use of children’s natural way of relying on all of the five senses when learning new things.(研究人员使用了基于感官的食物教育方法Sapere，该方法利用了儿童在学习新事物时依赖所有五种感官的自然方式)”可知，这项新研究的主要焦点是Sapere在食品教育中的有效性。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The researchers compared children in different kindergarten groups.(研究人员比较了不同幼儿园组的孩子)”可知，研究者使用对比的方式进行研究。故选A。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“The findings show that sensory-based food education increased children’s willingness to choose vegetables and fruit, especially among children whose parents had a lower educational background. On average, children of lower-educated parents tend to eat fewer vegetables and fruit.(研究结果表明，以感官为基础的食物教育增加了孩子们选择蔬菜和水果的意愿，尤其是在父母受教育程度较低的孩子中。平均而言，父母受教育程度较低的孩子往往吃较少的蔬菜和水果)”以及划线词上文“ This is how food education given in the kindergarten can help(这就是幼儿园的饮食教育如何帮助……)”可知，食物教育在提高儿童选择蔬菜和水果的意愿上起着重要的作用。所以幼儿园的食物教育可以帮助缩小不同家庭间孩子在饮食习惯上的差异。故画线词与Narrow意思最为接近，表示“缩小”。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段““Another interesting finding is that the Sapere food education method also seems to improve the eating atmosphere in kindergarten groups. This encourages children to choose a more diverse selection on their plates,” explains Kähkönen, who is an expert on health. (“另一个有趣的发现是，Sapere食品教育方法似乎也改善了幼儿园群体的饮食氛围。这鼓励孩子们在他们的盘子里选择更多样化的食物，”健康专家Kähkönen解释说)”可推断，Kähkönen对Sapere方法持“支持”的态度。故选C。 D Red pandas live in high-altitude, mild forests where they prefer to be near water and have access to bamboo. They are mostly active at dusk and dawn, and they sleep during most of the day. They rely on the trees for shelter, to escape from predators (捕食者), and to sunbathe in the winter. About 98% of a red panda’s diet is bamboo. They need a lot of it to survive — around 2 kilograms each day. However, finding enough bamboo is difficult as the red panda’s habitat becomes smaller. When people move into the red panda’s area, they clear forests for housing and commercial development, farming and mining. Natural disasters such as landslides, floods; heavy snow and rainfall have also destroyed their habitats. Forest fires, invasive (侵入的) plant species, and issues with bamboo flowering (including the death of the plant) have similarly had effects on the red panda’s habitat. Species of bamboo are affected by forest fires and other environmental changes. As people move into the area, they often collect bamboo, leaving less for red pandas to eat. Although the red panda is endangered, steps are being made to save the species and its habitat. According to the IUCN, China has 46 protected areas, covering about 65% of the species’ habitat in the country. There are at least 19 protected areas in India, five in Bhutan and three in Myanmar. The Red Panda Network is a nonprofit organization that protects red pandas and their habitat. They work with local community groups to establish wildlife feeding centers, train forest protectors to raise awareness about red pandas, and work with villagers to establish protected areas. The WWF is also working to protect red pandas and their habitats. Because more than a third of the potential habitat is in Nepal, the group works with yak herders (牦牛牧民) and other groups there to lower their effect on the red panda’s habitat. 12. Why is it challenging for red pandas to find enough food? A. Bamboo is not good enough. B. They are not active hunters. C. Their habitats are becoming smaller. D. There is a lack of water in their habitat. 13. What do the data in paragraph 4 mainly show? A. Global efforts to protect red pandas. B. Serious situations faced by red pandas. C. India’s deep protection of rare wildlife. D. China’s advantage in keeping red pandas. 14. What does the Red Panda Network do to protect red pandas? A. Force yak herders to move away. B. Advocate people to adopt them. C. Cooperate with local experts to do research. D. Work with communities to build wildlife feeding centers. 15. What’s a suitable title for this text? A. The Key Points of Red Pandas’ Survival. B. The Influence of Natural Disasters on Bamboo. C. The Threat and Protection of Red Pandas. D. The Reason for the Disappearance of Bamboo. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍的是红熊猫面对的严峻形式以及各个国家和组织对它的保护 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“About 98% of a red panda’s diet is bamboo. They need a lot of it to survive — around 2 kilograms each day. However, finding enough bamboo is difficult as the red panda’s habitat becomes smaller. (大约98%的红熊猫的食物是竹子。它们需要大量的水才能生存——每天大约2公斤。然而，由于红熊猫的栖息地越来越小，找到足够的竹子变得很困难。)”可知，由于红熊猫的栖息地越来越小，使得它们找到竹子变得很困难。故选C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Although the red panda is endangered, steps are being made to save the species and its habitat. (虽然红熊猫濒临灭绝，但人们正在采取措施拯救这个物种及其栖息地。)”可知，人们现在正在采取措施拯救濒临灭绝的红熊猫及其栖息地，结合下文的“According to the IUCN, China has 46 protected areas, covering about 65% of the species’ habitat in the country. There are at least 19 protected areas in India, five in Bhutan and three in Myanmar. (据世界自然保护联盟称，中国有46个保护区，覆盖了该国约65%的物种栖息地。印度至少有19个保护区，不丹有5个，缅甸有3个。)”可知，此处列举的数据显示了世界各地为保护红熊猫所付出的努力。故选A项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据尾段中“They work with local community groups to establish wildlife feeding centers, train forest protectors to raise awareness about red pandas, and work with villagers to establish protected areas. (他们与当地社区团体合作建立野生动物喂养中心，培训森林保护者提高对红熊猫的认识，并与村民合作建立保护区。)”可知，Red Panda Network通过与当地社群合作建立野生动物饲养中心来保护红熊猫。故选D项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“However, finding enough bamboo is difficult as the red panda’s habitat becomes smaller. When people move into the red panda’s area, they clear forests for housing and commercial development, farming and mining. (然而，由于红熊猫的栖息地越来越小，找到足够的竹子变得很困难。当人们搬到红熊猫的栖息地时，他们会为了住房、商业开发、农业和采矿而砍伐森林。)”以及第三段中的“Natural disasters such as landslides, floods; heavy snow and rainfall have also destroyed their habitats. ( 山体滑坡、洪水等自然灾害；大雪和暴雨也破坏了它们的栖息地。)”可知，由于人类的行为和自然灾害导致了红熊猫的栖息地减少，使得它们找到足够的竹子都很难；结合第四段中的“Although the red panda is endangered, steps are being made to save the species and its habitat. ( 虽然红熊猫濒临灭绝，但人们正在采取措施拯救这个物种及其栖息地。)”以及下文中列举的数据和尾段中的“The Red Panda Network is a nonprofit organization that protects red pandas and their habitat. (红熊猫网络是一个保护红熊猫及其栖息地的非营利组织。)”可知，针对人类行为和自然灾难导致红熊猫栖息地减少的情况，世界各地以及一些非营利性组织为保护红熊猫开始采取措施，综合以上信息可知，本文主要介绍的是红熊猫面对的严峻形式以及各个国家和组织对它的保护，所以题目“红熊猫的威胁及保护”概括了本文的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Beat Boredom over the Summer The first week of summer is wonderful. By the second week, you almost want to go back to school early. Shake that thought out of your head. There’s a world of activity out there, so seize the day and see what catches your attention. Learn a new hobby. Is there something you’ve always wanted to learn, but didn’t think you could? ____16____ You can learn to play a musical instrument. Taking up singing or dancing is also a good choice. Volunteer. ____17____ Of course, you’re working towards a good cause as well. Volunteering is always a great way to give back to the community, connect and meet new people as well as a relaxing form of exercising. Look for an organization in your area that picks up trash, works with injured or abandoned animals, or works for political causes. ____18____ Look at your town’s tourism website or brochures advertising events and find out what attracts people traveling from other locations. There might be anything from museums to playgrounds lurking (潜藏) in your town or areas a short drive away. Check out a set of books from the library. Books can transport you into a different world, or let you see through the eyes of others. Try learning all you can on a particular topic. ____19____ Some of the world’s top universities even post lectures online, and these are often more interesting than high school classes. Learn a language. Knowing a foreign language can lead to many opportunities, not to mention it looks good on college applications. Get started by finding a beginner’s class nearby, or ask a friend or family member to teach you a language they know. ____20____ A Act like a tourist in your town. B. Work as a guide to promote your city. C. Helping your community can be satisfying, uplifting work. D. If you want to learn even more, try an online college course. E. Summer might provide the free time you need to pick up something new. F. It’ll keep you busy, introduce you to new people, and enable you to earn money. G. It’s also a good idea to search online for language courses or conversation partners. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何在夏天摆脱无聊的方法。 16题详解】 上文“Is there something you’ve always wanted to learn, but didn’t think you could? (有没有什么东西你一直想学，但觉得自己学不到)”讲你没时间学习想学的东西，结合本段主题句“Learn a new hobby. (学习一个新的爱好)”讲在夏天摆脱无聊的方法之一：学习一个新的爱好，该空承接上文讲夏天是你学习新东西的好时机，E选项“夏天可能会提供你需要的空闲时间来学习新东西。”切合语境。故选E项。 【17题详解】 由本段主题句“Volunteer (志愿做事情)”和下文“Volunteering is always a great way to give back to the community, connect and meet new people as well as a relaxing form of exercising. (志愿服务总是回馈社区、联系和结识新朋友的好方法，也是一种放松的锻炼方式)”讲在夏天摆脱无聊的方法之二：志愿做事情，该空内容应与利用暑假去帮助他人有关，C选项“帮助你的社区可以是令人满意、令人振奋的工作。”切合语境，选项中Helping your community呼应上文中give back to the community。故选C项。 【18题详解】 该空选取主题句，需总结下文，由下文“Look at your town’s tourism website or brochures advertising events and find out what attracts people traveling from other locations. There might be anything from museums to playgrounds lurking (潜藏) in your town, or areas a short drive away. (看看你所在城镇的旅游网站或宣传活动的小册子，找出吸引其他地方游客的地方。从博物馆到游乐场，你的城镇里可能潜伏着任何东西，或者开车不远的地方)”可知，本段讲在夏天摆脱无聊的方法之三：像个游客样游览你的城市，A选项“在你的城市里表现得像个游客。”切合语境。故选A项。 【19题详解】 针对上文“Try learning all you can on a particular topic. (试着在一个特定的话题上尽你所能地学习)”你想尽可能学习的情况，再结合下文“Some of the world’s top universities even post lectures online, and these are often more interesting than high school classes. (一些世界顶尖大学甚至在网上发布讲座，这些讲座往往比高中课程更有趣)”可知，该空内容应与建议你利用大学资源去学习相关，D选项“如果你想了解更多，可以试试网上大学课程。”切合语境。故选D项。 【20题详解】 由本段主题句“Learn a language. (学习一门语言)”讲在夏天摆脱无聊的方法之五：学习一门语言，且上文“Get started by finding a beginner’s class nearby, or ask a friend or family member to teach you a language they know. (从附近找一个初学者班开始，或者请朋友或家人教你一门他们知道的语言)”讲了学习新语言的方法，可得出该空内容应与学习新语言的其它方法相关，G选项“在网上搜索语言课程或对话伙伴也是个好主意。”切合语境。故选G项。 第三部分语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My family spend our Sunday evenings writing postcards to put smiles on the faces of people living with cancer. We began doing it through a ____21____ that helps patients. It started as a way for my daughter Ella to volunteer for the Duke of Edinburgh’s Silver Award. When Ella started writing, my husband said, “Why don’t we all get active?” We were at first surprised by the idea, but then we started to get excited about it. ____22____, it developed into an activity for the whole ____23____. Now every Sunday evening, I say “postcards, people” and we all ____24____ around the kitchen table and write together. We think it is a ____25____ way to put a smile on someone’s face. We have ____26____ some friends and family because of cancer, which played a key role in us wanting to take part in the ____27____. Sometimes we may ____28____ about something that we have attended. Sometimes it’s more about the gardening and the weather and we may comment on the art or people on the ____29____ we are writing on. The postcards are given to the charity From Me to You as part of its “donate a letter” program, which sees them ____30____ by the charity, filtered (过滤), repackaged and delivered to hospitals, cancer centres or ____31____ at home. I hope to ____32____ others to take part. It’s so ____33____, but can have such an impact and I just think we need to reignite (重燃) the ____34____ of a letter. Something handwritten is so lovely and ____35____ and cannot be copied in an email or text. 21. A. situation B. church C. charity D. country 22. A. Usually B. Hopefully C. Absolutely D. Eventually 23. A. family B. class C. hospital D. world 24. A. walk up B. sit down C. get out D. come off 25. A. strange B. comic C. fortunate D. nice 26. A. lost B. sent C. missed D. made 27. A. game B. incident C. project D. design 28. A. talk B. write C. learn D. hear 29. A. postcard B. handbook C. brochure D. newspaper 30. A. drawn B. typed C. read D. printed 31. A. masters B. volunteers C. organizers D. individuals 32. A. inspire B. require C. leave D. command 33. A. popular B. simple C. boring D. obvious 34. A. faith B. study C. love D. sale 35. A. normal B. academic C. natural D. personal 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者一家如何通过写明信片为癌症患者带去微笑，以及他们参与这一活动的感受和期望。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们通过一个帮助病人的慈善机构开始做这件事。A. situation情况；B. church教堂；C. charity慈善机构；D. country国家。根据后文“that helps patients”可知，帮助病人的是慈善机构。且下文“The postcards are given to the charity From Me to You”也是提示。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，它发展成为一项全家人都参加的活动。A. Usually通常；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Absolutely绝对地；D. Eventually最后。根据前文提到的“We were at first surprised by the idea, but then we started to get excited about it”可知，作者一家起初对这个想法感到惊讶，但随后开始兴奋起来，所以最终这个想法发展成了全家的一项活动。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，它发展成为一项全家人都参加的活动。A. family家人；B. class班级；C. hospital医院；D. world世界。根据上文“My family spend our Sunday evenings writing postcards to put smiles on the faces of people living with cancer”可知，作者全家一起参与到写明信片这个活动中。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，每个星期天的晚上，我都会说“明信片，各位”，然后我们就会围坐在厨房桌子旁，一起写明信片。A. walk up走上去；B. sit down坐下；C. get out出去；D. come off脱落。根据后文“around the kitchen table”可知，此处是指坐在桌子旁写明信片。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们认为这是让别人脸上露出笑容的好方法。A. strange奇怪的；B. comic好笑的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. nice好的。根据后文“ to put a smile on someone’s face”可知，写明信片是让别人脸上露出笑容的好方法。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为癌症，我们失去了一些朋友和家人，这是我们想要参加这个项目的关键因素。A. lost失去；B. sent发送；C. missed错过；D. made制作。根据后文“because of cancer”可知，癌症让作者失去了朋友和家人。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为癌症，我们失去了一些朋友和家人，这是我们想要参加这个项目的关键因素。A. game游戏；B. incident事件；C. project项目；D. design设计。根据第一段“It started as a way for my daughter Ella to volunteer for the Duke of Edinburgh’s Silver Award”可知，此处是指参与到这个项目中来。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我们可能会写一些我们参加过的事情。A. talk谈论；B. write写；C. learn学习；D. hear听见。根据上文“around the kitchen table and write together”可知，此处是指在明信片上写下参加过的事情。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时更多的是关于园艺和天气，我们可能会评论我们正在写的明信片上的艺术或人物。A. postcard明信片；B. handbook手册；C. brochure小册子；D. newspaper报纸。根据第二段的“postcards, people”可知，他们写的是明信片，因此有时可能写下评论明信片上的艺术或人物的话语。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些明信片是作为“捐赠一封信”项目的一部分捐赠给“From Me to You”慈善机构的。在该活动中，这些明信片会被慈善机构阅读、筛选、重新打包，然后送到医院、癌症中心或个人的家中。A. drawn画画；B. typed打字；C. read阅读；D. printed印刷。根据前文提到的“The postcards are given to the charity From Me to You as part of its ‘donate a letter’ program”可知，这些明信片是作为“捐赠一封信”项目的一部分捐赠给“From Me to You”慈善机构的，所以慈善机构会阅读这些明信片，看内容是否适合。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些明信片是作为“捐赠一封信”项目的一部分捐赠给“From Me to You”慈善机构的。在该活动中，这些明信片会被慈善机构阅读、筛选、重新打包，然后送到医院、癌症中心或个人的家中。A. masters大师；B. volunteers志愿者；C. organizers组织者；D. individuals个人。根据上文“delivered to hospitals, cancer centres or”可知，明信片要送到医院、癌症中心或者个人家中。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望能激励其他人参与进来。A. inspire鼓舞；B. require要求；C. leave离开；D. command命令。根据下文“others to take part”可知，作者希望激励其他人参与这个活动，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它如此简单，却能产生如此大的影响，我只是觉得我们需要重新点燃对信的爱。A. popular流行的；B. simple简单的；C. boring无聊的；D. obvious明显的。根据后文“but can have such an impact”中but表示转折，可知写明信片“简单”，却能产生如此大的影响，故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它如此简单，却能产生如此大的影响，我只是觉得我们需要重新点燃对信的爱。A. faith信念；B. study学习；C. love爱；D. sale销售。根据文章第二段的“We think it is a nice way to put a smile on someone’s face.”可知，作者一家认为写明信片是让别人笑的好办法，那么就是把爱放到了明信片上，即重燃对信的爱。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：手写的东西是如此可爱和个性化，不能在电子邮件或短信中复制。A. normal正常的；B. academic学术的；C. natural自然的；D. personal个性化的。根据后文“and cannot be copied in an email or text”可知，手写的东西更加个性化，不能在电子邮件或短信中复制。故选D。 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and ___36___ （gift）scientists in physics. Most people are familiar ___37___ images of him in his wheelchair, unable ___38___ （move）and using a computer to talk. Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of abstract thought. Hawking first achieved fame when he was still ___39___ （health）enough to walk, as a graduate student in physics at Cambridge University in 1964. In general, there were two main ___40___ （theory）on the origin of the universe. The first was the steady state theory, ___41___ holds that the universe has no ___42___ （begin）or end. The other was the big bang theory. Hawking' own work on the big bang theory was soon proven by astronomers with telescopes. A star was born. So, what made Stephen Hawking a genius? Besides being brilliant, he was brave, though sometimes careless in what he ___43___ （say）or did. He was willing to say what others were afraid to say, and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about. Furthermore, he was quite determined. This had helped him as ___44___ scientist, and had helped him even more in his fight against his disease. Above all, Hawking was willing to admit his faults. This odd ____45____ （combine）of characteristics had made him one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries. 【答案】36. gifted 37. with 38. to move 39. healthy 40. theories 41. which 42. beginning 43. said 44. a 45. combination 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了著名物理学家斯蒂芬·霍金的基本情况和他在物理学领域的成就及特点，包括他的身体状况、成名经历、性格特点以及他对宇宙起源理论的研究等。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意 ：斯蒂芬·霍金是物理学领域中最著名且最有天赋的科学家之一。空处为形容词形式担当定语，意为“有天赋的”。故填gifted。 【37题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：大多数人对他坐在轮椅上、无法移动且依靠电脑发声的形象都耳熟能详。固定短语：be familiar with，意为“对……熟悉”，符合句意。故填with。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数人对他坐在轮椅上、无法移动且依靠电脑发声的形象都耳熟能详。空处为非谓语动词担当宾语，构成固定搭配：be unable to do，意为“无法做某事”。故填to move。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：霍金首次成名是在1964年，当时作为剑桥大学物理学专业的一名研究生，他的身体还足够健康，可以行走。空处为形容词形式担当表语，意为“健康的”。故填healthy。 【40题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：关于宇宙的起源，通常有两种主要理论。根据空前的“two”可知，用名词的复数形式。故填theories。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：第一种是稳态理论，它认为宇宙没有开始也没有结束。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词为“the steady state theory”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：第一种是稳态理论，它认为宇宙没有开始也没有结束。空处为名词形式担当宾语，意为“开始”，与后面的end一致用名词单数形式，故填beginning。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：除了才华横溢，他还很勇敢，尽管有时在言行上有些粗心大意。空处为从句谓语动词，根据后面的“or did”可知，时态为一般过去时。故填said。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这对他作为科学家有帮助，在他与疾病的斗争中更是帮了他大忙。空处修饰名词单数，表示泛指，scientist发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些独特品质的奇妙结合使他成为了20世纪和21世纪最伟大的理论家之一。空处为抽象名词担当主语，意为“结合”，故填combination。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国好友Charles发来邮件询问你暑期参加科学营的情况。请你给他回复一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 主要活动； 2. 你的收获。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Charles, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Charles, I wanted to share some exciting news with you. I’m back from the summer science camp and thought you’d enjoy hearing about it. The camp was filled with lots of fun activities. We did experiments, listened to talks from famous scientists, and visited nearby science centers. My favorite part was working on a little robot that had to find its way through a puzzle, which was tough but really enjoyable. The best thing I got from it was learning more about how science works and how much fun it can be to make new discoveries. Plus, I also made friends who share my passion for science. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Charles回复一封邮件，告知他关于暑期参加科学营的一些情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 充满：be filled with → be full of 著名的：famous → well-known 参观：visit → pay a visit to 困难的：tough → hard 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：The camp was filled with lots of fun activities. We did experiments, listened to talks from famous scientists, and visited nearby science centers. 拓展句：The camp was filled with lots of fun activities where we did experiments, listened to talks from famous scientists, and visited nearby science centers. 【点睛】【高分句型1】My favorite part was working on a little robot that had to find its way through a puzzle, which was tough but really enjoyable.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】The best thing I got from it was learning more about how science works and how much fun it can be to make new discoveries.（运用了省略关系代词that引导的定语从句、how引导的宾语从句以及“it作形式作主语，不定式短语作真正主语”的结构） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.” I bit back my frustration(懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答. We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. I said gently and quietly, “No one can change your mind, except yourself. If you desire to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with others’ thoughts.” He sat still with a deep breath. “You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here”, I added with a sincere tone. Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. His coach heard what David said and gave me a look—the kind that was more determined than anyone else’s. I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The race started. It seemed that the runway was extremely long for young children, not to mention a child with a brain disease. David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers. It didn’t take long before he picked himself up again and continued his mission. Classmates all appeared on the racing track, cheering for him. “Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you!” they shouted enthusiastically. To everyone’s joy, he reached the final line and ranked the 20th. It was no more important whether he won the first place or not. It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者是一名特殊教育教师，在大型越野赛跑那天，发现患有大脑疾病的大卫独自站在一旁。作者问其原因，他说准备放弃比赛。从教练口中得知，因为担心同学们会嘲笑大卫，所以教练想让大卫自己去决定是否参加赛跑。作者让大卫追寻自己的内心，不理会别人的看法，大卫最终参赛，尽管遇到困难，他战胜了自己，这已经无关名次，而是他的勇敢和坚定让这一切成为可能。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我们挨着坐着，但大卫不愿看我一眼。”可知，第一段可描写作者鼓励大卫继续完成比赛，大卫经过强烈的心理斗争，最终决定参加比赛。 ②由第二段首句内容“我看着大卫和其他选手一起走到起跑线上。”可知，第二段可描写大卫开始参赛，虽然中途遇到困难，仍然坚持到最后，完成比赛。 2.续写线索：鼓励大卫——心理变化——决定参赛——克服困难——加油助威——完成比赛——感悟 3.词汇激活： 行动类： ①深呼吸：with a deep breath/breathe deeply ②坚持做：insisted on doing/be stick to doing 情绪类： ①热情：enthusiastically /with great passion ②骄傲：be proud of/take pride in 【点睛】[高分句型1]You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here. (由which引导的非限制性定语从句和why引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. (现在分词作状语和省略that的宾语从句) [高分句型3]It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally. (由It was...that结构引导的强调句型) 听力1-5 BАСАС 6~10 ВАВВС 11~15 BАAСС 16~20 AВАСС 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$