专题09 阅读理解之说明文15篇（重庆中考真题+中考模拟）-备战2025年中考英语常考语法点+题型练习(中考真题+名校模拟真题)(重庆专用)

专题09 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (重庆中考真题+中考模拟) （2024·重庆·中考真题）①The world’s highest ski place, Chacaltaya, was closed after the 18,000-year-old glacier melted (冰川融化) in 2009. Many scientists agree that the glaciers around the world could disappear in this century, much faster than we thought. ②As we all know, the reason for this is global (全球的) warming. When certain gas such as carbon dioxide (CO₂) is largely emitted (排放) into the atmosphere, it causes the greenhouse effect (效应) which makes Earth warmer. ③As Earth becomes warmer, glaciers melt quickly, and dark rocks are uncovered. Then these rocks take in more heat, causing the temperature to rise. As a result, the remaining snow on glaciers melts faster. ④The effects of global warming will be far-reaching and often devastating (毁灭性的). While the melting of glaciers may flood (淹没) some areas of Earth, in other places, it is making water disappear. An increasing number of heat waves and droughts (干旱) worldwide will also change the face of the world in the future. ⑤Global warming is a real problem, and one largely caused by human activity. Solving the problem is not easy, and there is no single magic way. However, we can begin it by lowering the amount of CO₂ in our daily lives. ⑥Peter Miller, along with his wife, took part in a scientific test to see how much CO₂ they could cut down in a month. The average (平均) U.S. household produces about 80 kilos of CO₂, which was more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average. Their final goal was to make less CO₂ than most American families. ⑦First, they found out how much CO₂ they were producing. Then they asked an expert for advice on how to reduce CO₂ emissions. According to the expert’s advice, they made some changes to their house, replaced their lights, and changed some of their living habits. At the same time, they either biked, walked, or used public transportation. A month later, they saved 70% on electricity, 40% on gas, and drove half as much as others. Their daily CO₂ emissions were less than the U.S. average, at 32 kilos. ⑧Protecting our planet starts small: change a light, open a window, walk or bike. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us can make a difference. 1．Why was the ski place, Chacaltaya, closed in 2009? A．Because the ski place was too old. B．Because few tourists came to this place. C．Because the ski place was too high to reach. D．Because the 18,000-year-old glacier melted. 2．How does the writer show that Peter succeeded in the scientific test? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions. C．By giving explanations. D．By giving suggestions. 3．Which of the following can match the information in the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． （2024·重庆·中考真题） ①More than 100,000 people cheered at the breathtaking moment when 3,000 drones flew over Chaotianmen on the Chinese New Year Eve. The 15-minute drone show had 300 million views online. ②In fact, drones are easy to operate. People send orders to the control system. Rotors push against the air to make the drone rise or stay in the air. By changing the angle (角度) and the speed of different rotors, the drone flies in all directions. ③Drones can complete difficult and special tasks in a timely and effective way. ④After an earthquake, drones can fly over blocked roads to find people or record any possible danger. Reaching the mountain village by road may take several hours, but drones provide information in just a few minutes. ⑤For weak wildlife populations, drones can show where poachers are hiding and if they are carrying guns. At night, drones with infrared (红外线的) cameras can easily find them in the dark. ⑥Drones also provide convenience for the public. For example, at a sports event, drones are used to give a view from above or help coaches see how their players are doing. ⑦In a word, drones have been widely used in emergency (紧急情况), environmental protection, farming, transportation and others, with more fields on the way. ⑧As drones are cheaper, more practical and less dangerous than planes or helicopters, drone flight activities have become the important driving force for the growth of low-altitude economy (低空经济). Besides well-known leaders like DJI, more pioneering companies have appeared. At the end of last year, there were nearly 1.27 million registered (注册的) drones across the country. The drone industry is believed to be full of chances and possibilities. 1．What’s the purpose in writing Paragraph 1? A．To provide the background. B．To lead into the subject. C．To compare differences. D．To introduce a festival. 2．What does the underlined word “poachers” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．非法捕猎者 B．动物保护者 C．无人机驾驶员 D．野生动物管理员 3．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What will the writer probably discuss after the last paragraph? A．The history of the drone industry. B．The advantages of drones. C．The future of the drone industry. D．The standards of drones. （2024·重庆·中考真题）“The Green Wall Initiative” is a project that encourages students to protect the environment by creating their own gardens on the walls. The project was started in 2007 by the African Union. Urban Middle School in Beijing is the first one to take part in the project in China. The project in Urban Middle School teaches students about sustainable (可持续的) practices, plant care and teamwork. In the project, students make plans. A piece of wall is given to each class. Then students choose right plants to grow on the wall. They take turns to take care of the plants. They also record the growth of the plants. The project is a success. Those living walls not only beautify the school environment, but also help make the air fresher and lower the temperature of the city. Students put into practice what they have learned in environmental science. They also learn to work with others and take care of their own community. Now, more and more schools follow the example, hoping to spread the idea of environmental protection. 1．When was the project started by the African Union? A．In 2007. B．In 2010. C．In 2015. D．In 2023. 2．What does the writer think of the project? A．It’s boring. B．It’s easy. C．It’s a failure. D．It’s a success. Which of the following can be put into No.3 and No.4? Project The Green Wall Initiative in Urban Middle School Member Teachers and students Goal To protect the environment Process ● Students make plans. ● A piece of wall is given to each class. ● Students choose right plants to grow on the walls. ● 3._______ ● Students record the growth of the plants. 4._______ ● The environment becomes better than before. ● Students learn about sustainable practices, plant care and teamwork. ● More schools take part in the project. 3．A．Students take turns to take care of the plants. B．Students follow the examples of other schools. C．Students do scientific tests about the temperature. D．Students clean their own community at weekends. 4．A．Example B．Achievement C．Reason D．Difficulty （2023·重庆·中考真题） Diagram(图表) or Survey Result ①AI (artificial intelligence人工智能) and machine learning refer to the ability of machines to learn and act intelligently. It means they can make decisions, finish tasks, and even tell the possible future results based on what they learn from data(数据). ②AI and machine learning already play a bigger role in everyday life than you might imagine. Health care, banking, video games, every search on the Internet you make..., all are driven by AI. ③AI is going to change almost every field of modern life. Stephen Hawking said, “Success in creating AI would be the biggest event in human history.” And Hawking added at once, “Unluckily, it might also be the last, unless we learn how to avoid the risks.” ④ ▲ , especially when you consider some countries are racing to develop AI-enabled autonomous weapons(人工智能自主武器). It is also going to change and take the place of many human jobs. The same worries also come from the public. According to the survey result from Centre for the Governance of AI, 91% of the people (tend to and totally) agree that “AI is a technology that requires careful management” in Europe. ⑤But rather than agreeing with an idea of a helpless future where all human jobs are given over to robots, some people believe AI will make on working lives better. It will improve the work of humans, and new jobs will appear to take the place of the old ones. ⑥What’s more, machines become more intelligent and they are able to finish more human tasks. Things which only belong to humans lie creativity and critical(批判性的) thinking, will become even more valuable in the future. ⑦Like it or not, AI is here. Maybe changing ourselves and managing it well are the best way out. Just as Benjamin Franklin once said, “When you’re finished changing, you’re finished.” 1．Which paragraph does the diagram mainly support? A．② B．③ C．④ D．⑤ 2．Which sentence can be put in the ▲ ? A．As we know, there are possible huge risks for society and human life B．Also, you can find AI serving our daily life in every possible field C．Without doubt, AI is a fantastic technology to lead us into the future D．Humans are surely more creative and better at many things than AI 3．What’s the purpose of writing the passage? A．To warn us that AI will take humans’ place. B．To show us that there are a lot of uses of AI. C．To tell us that many people are worried about AI. D．To suggest we prepare for the changes brought by AI. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A．B．C． D． （2023·重庆·中考真题）The Chinese pingfeng (folding screen) is an ancient invention and traditional Chinese furniture (家具). Its earliest common use dates from the Han Dynasty. The term pingfeng means protection from wind, showing its purpose at the very beginning. As time passes, it has been made into different sizes with colourful paintings. On screens usually appears a dragon. It’s a symbol of light, growth and life-giving water. It also stands for nobility and power. The peacock, a beautiful bird, can be seen on screens, too. It’s a symbol of everlasting life. Beautiful flowers, which mean wealth and good luck, are also chosen as a popular design of the pingfeng. All the designs carry people’s beautiful wishes. Behind the pingfeng lies an interesting story. In the past the unmarried daughter of a rich family was not supposed to see or be seen by men except her father, brothers or very close male cousins. When an admirer paid a visit however, she might take a secret look at him from a screen behind which she would be completely hidden. Her father would discuss poems with the young man and ask him to create one. If the daughter and her father were satisfied with the young man’s poem and his looks, she might agree to take him as a husband. Today the pingfeng is back in fashion for its beauty and its practical (实际的) use as furniture. Acting as a moving wall or divider, it can be the perfect match (相配) for modern sofas and walls, which adds style to them. The pingfeng is more than beautiful furniture. 1．What was the pingfeng used for at the very beginning? A．Protecting people from wind. B．Dividing a room. C．Making a room beautiful. D．Hiding a person. 2．Which design is a symbol of wealth and good luck? A．The dragon. B．The peacock. C．The water. D．The flowers. 3．How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 2? A．By telling a story. B．By giving examples. C．By comparing differences. D．By explaining the result. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Practical Use of the Pingfeng B．A Beautiful Story of the Pingfeng C．Old Pingfeng in Modern Homes D．The Hidden Beauty of the Pingfeng （2023·重庆·中考真题）Squirrels(松鼠) are cute and interesting animals that can be found in many parts of the world. They are known for their long tails, big teeth, and the ability to climb trees. They can jump up to 6 meters in height, and they can run up to 32 kilometers every hour. Squirrels have soft bodies. Their eyes are high on their small heads and a replaced on each side so they can see wide and far without having to turn around. This often helps them get out of danger. Squirrels have four big teeth in the front of their mouth that keep growing all through their lives. They are known for their love of nuts(坚果), and they can eat as much food as their body weight each week. They will often keep nuts in the ground for the long winter months. Many people think that squirrels only eat nuts, but this isn’t true. They also like to eat plants, fruits, eggs, small animals and even young snakes. One funny thing is that squirrels are good at planting trees. They hide the fruits of oak trees, but often forget where they put them. In the end, the forgotten fruits become big trees. 1．How high can squirrels jump? A．6 meters. B．6 kilometers. C．32 meters. D．32 kilometers. 2．What do squirrels have? A．Short tails. B．Big teeth. C．Cold bodies. D．Big heads. 3．Why do squirrels keep nuts in the ground? A．To eat in winter.B．To plant trees. C．To lose some weight. D．To have fun. 4．In which part of a magazine can you probably read this passage? A．Art. B．Sports. C．Animals. D．History. （2024·重庆大渡口·三模）Every early morning in Southwest China’s Chongqing, there is a common scene at the city’s Subway Line 4: a group of farmers shouldering vegetables for sale are busy riding on the subway to the city center. The second part of the subway line connects Shichuan town to the city center. It has provided local farmers near the town with a wider channel for selling their products since its opening in 2022. The vegetables grown by the farmers, which used to be sold at low prices in the town, can now be sold at higher prices in the city. Every morning around 6 o’clock, the entrance and exit of the Shichuan Town station of the line are crowded with these special passengers. They carry baskets within fresh vegetables on their backs. To make it easier for the farmers, the station which was supposed to open at 6:15, now opens five minutes early every day. The workers at the station also help as much as possible: helping with the baskets, guiding them to enter the station quickly and orderly and so on. There’s an elderly couple in their 80s, who take the subway to sell vegetables. In Chongqing, people over the age of 65 can use the subway for free. The opening of this subway line not only saves money for the elderly but also time. According to Feng, the husband of the elderly couple, it took him more than one hour to reach the city before as he had to take several buses. Now, by taking the subway, they can get there in less than 30 minutes without any hassle. And they can sell all their vegetables in less than three hours after arriving at the market. 1．How does the second part of Subway Line 4 help local farmers? A．It stops them from selling their products. B．It gives them a quick ride. C．It makes them sell their products at higher prices. D．It allows them to sell their products in the city. 2．Which of the following is not TRUE according to the passage? A．The station opens at 6:15 every day. B．The workers at the station help with the baskets. C．The workers at the station guide the farmers to enter the station. D．The workers at the station make the passengers enter the station quickly and orderly. 3．What advantages do the elderly have from the subway line? A．Comfortable travel. B．Free rides and less travel time. C．Faster travel. D．Lower vegetable prices. 4．Where can we probably read the passage? A．In a science magazine. B．In a storybook.C．In a travel guide. D．In a newspaper. （2024·重庆大渡口·三模）①Foreigners like growing flowers in the garden and enjoy the nice smell in spring. However, Chinese people prefer growing vegetables and get a harvest in autumn. For Chinese, bottles, boxes, even plastic bags are perfect for growing vegetables. ②It’s said that there is a “vegetable gene” in every Chinese. After all, they have farmed for thousands of years. Because of this, they grow vegetables around the world, creating conditions for planting before there are any. ③A group of parents of Chinese students once grew vegetables at Yale University. This area used to be covered with weeds. To help change the situation, these Chinese parents worked together and finally turned weeds into vegetables. ④Africa is such a poor place. Many hard-working and kind-hearted Chinese workers went there to help. They helped build roads as well as taught Africans how to farm. All kinds of fruits and vegetables have been grown in Africa. ⑤The soldiers on the islands of the South China Sea also created a vegetable garden through their own efforts. It used to be difficult for the soldiers to eat fresh vegetables on the islands. But recently, they harvested 750 kg of vegetables on sandy beaches. Everyone was excited. ⑥With the development of the country, Chinese people have grown vegetables all over the world, from America to Africa, from South Pole to the outer space. Just as what we saw in the movie, the days of planting potatoes on Mars will not be far away. 1．In Paragraph 1, the writer started this passage by ________. A．listing some numbers B．asking some questions C．telling different jokes D．comparing different facts 2．In the passage, the soldiers grew vegetables ________. A．at Yale University B．in Africa C．on the islands D．in the outer space 3．The writer wrote this passage in a ________ tone (语气). A．polite B．proud C．serious D．bored 4．The structure of the passage may be ________. A．①②, ③④⑤, ⑥ B．①, ②③④⑤, ⑥C．①②③, ④⑤, ⑥ D．①②, ③④, ⑤⑥ （2024·重庆永川·一模）①There are a few ways in which Chinese restaurants are different from Western restaurants. Chinese restaurant culture is broad and profound. ②Consider how Westerners go about eating at restaurants. Everyone always gets their own menu and orders their own food. And, since the tables are usually small, it is quite difficult to talk to—or even see—more than a few people during the meal. ③While in modern China there are many Western-style restaurants, the traditional Chinese restaurant experience is quite different from in the West. Usually, everyone sits at large, round tables where it is easy to see and talk with each other, even if it is a rather large group. One person orders the food for everyone, after considering the likes and dislikes of the other people in the group. Then, when the food comes, all of it is put in the middle of the table. Everyone then serves themselves by taking a small bit of food and putting it on their own plates. ④Just as in the West, people can choose what they want to eat. However, while in the West, importance is placed on the individual (个人) and having one's own preferences, in China importance is placed on sharing and community. Instead of seeing themselves as individuals first, and part of the group second, Chinese people generally see themselves as part of the group first and individuals second. Everyone still gets what they want, but it is a shared experience. ⑤Finally, since people are seated at a round table, everyone is treated equally. No one person is given greater importance over another. However, respect is still shown to older people or people of higher status, as they always sit at the far end of the room facing the door. ⑥China has many different styles of food and a wide range of ingredients and cooking methods. And so, when you are in China, you should make an effort to enjoy Chinese food as much as possible. However, you should also make an effort to enjoy it as the Chinese do-as a group experience-a time for sharing. family, and friendship. 1．In China, what is placed in an important place about choosing the food by Chinese people? A．The individual. B．Price. C．Sharing. D．Their own preferences. 2．The writer mainly develops his idea by _______. A．listing numbers B．raising questions C．telling a story D．comparing facts 3．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Chinese restaurant culture isn’t only just food. B．The Western restaurants. C．The Chinese food. D．The different food in the world. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A．①②/③④/⑤⑥ B．①/②③④/⑤⑥ C．①②/③④⑤/⑥ D．①/②③④⑤/⑥ （2024·重庆江津·三模）No model has ever received more attention in China than the Xiaomi SU7, which was launched (上市， 发行) on Thursday night in Beijing. It may sound unbelievable but the launch event attracted (吸引) more than 40 million views on Xiaomi Auto’s Weibo alone. Even guessing its price level had been a popular topic on China’s social media platforms for weeks. Xiaomi, one of the world’s leading smartphone companies, began accepting orders in China through an app on Thursday night, after founder Lei Jun finished a more than two-hour presentation (发布会) on the SU7 car by stating the much-awaited price range (区间): 215, 900 yuan to 299, 900 yuan. Xiaomi said that it received 50, 000 orders for the SU7 in the first 27 minutes after sales opened at 10 p. m. Beijing time. Lei mentioned that Beijing-based Xiaomi aims to become one of the world’s top five car makers in the next 15 to 20 years. “It’s hard to make a car, but it’s cool to succeed,” he said. Lei said Xiaomi would lose money on the basic model at 215, 900 yuan, a price that is lower than the Tesla (特斯拉) Model 3 in China. In his opinion, the SU7 car did better than the Tesla in most areas, but the best type of the SU7 is not as good as the Porsche (保时捷) Taycan. “There’s still a long way to go for our car to become a Porsche,” he said, “but if Xiaomi keeps working hard for another five to ten years, one day we will finally catch up with and even surpass Porsche.” 1．How many views did the Xiaomi SU7 launch event get on Xiaomi Auto’s Weibo? A．Over 40, 000, 000. B．Exactly 215, 900. C．Less than 299, 900. D．Around 40, 000. 2．When could people start ordering the Xiaomi Su7? A．Before Lei Jun’s presentation. B．When people guessed the price. C．After the two-hour presentation by Lei Jun. D．On the day before Lei Jun’s presentation. 3．What is Xiaomi’s goal (目标) in the next 15 to 20 years? A．To produce the best electric cars. B．To catch up with Tesla and Porsche. C．To become the best smartphone company. D．To be one of the world’s top five car makers. 4．What does the underlined word “surpass” mean? A．be larger than B．be better than C．be cheaper than D．be heavier than （2024·重庆开州·三模）This year, Finland (芬兰) came in first in the World Happiness Report (全球幸福指数报告) for the fourth time. This may be surprising to you because Finland is famous for its cold winters and short daylight. Then learn more about the people’s life there and you may find the answer. In Finland, many people grow up going to the library. “The library is a main part of life for the people here,” Halsas, a tour guide in Finland, said. “They might do schoolwork there or just read. It’s a safe environment.” Maybe the best example of this is the Oodi Helsinki Central Library opened in 2018. With different parts, it is not only a place to work but also to live in. Finns love their saunas (桑拿浴), and almost every home has one. There are over 2million saunas in the country. “There are more saunas than cars here. In the summertime, I go every day,” Halsas said. Taking saunas is quite good to health, such as making our heart healthier. The people of Finland also love exploring (探索) the outdoors, like going hiking or biking—the landscape (风景) is fantastic. “There is a lot of nature to enjoy and even private lands are open to everyone,” Halsas said. In winter, life doesn’t change too much because Finns are never afraid of the cold and still get around on bicycles. To them, winter just means more activities, such as ice skating, cross-country skiing, and dog sledding. 1．What does the underlined word “This” in the first paragraph refers to? A．That Finland gets so famous and popular in the world. B．That Finland is famous for its cold winters and short daylight. C．That Finland became the world’s happiest country over and over again. D．That people in Finland can stand the cold weather and short daylight. 2．What do we know about the Oodi Helsinki Central Library? A．It is really a fantastic library with a long history. B．It’s the safest place to live in Finland. C．It’s a nice place for people in Finland to enjoy their time. D．It is the best library in Finland. 3．What are the people’s secrets of happiness in Finland? ①Reading and exercising to live life to the full.    ②Getting close to nature as much as possible. ③Slowing down to enjoy wonderful life.    ④Never stop trying something new. A．①② B．②④ C．③④ D．①②③④ 4．What kind of passage is it? A．narration (记叙文) B．exposition (应用文) C．argumentation (议论文) D．description (说明文) （2024·重庆綦江·一模）①Have you heard of mourning (悼念) technology? ②Last night is really unusual for me. I couldn’t imagine I could speak to my parents. And for a moment I even forgot I wasn’t really speaking to real them, just their virtual images (虚拟形象). In fact, both of my parents are still alive and well. But the virtual images could help me understand the technology, which is an APP created by a company called Here After Al. ③Mourning technology can let you communicate with the people you have loved but lost. This used to appear in science fiction. But now it has come into our real life. Maybe it sounds some scary, but it’s not difficult to see that more and more people might turn to the virtual images for comfort. ④However, there is still something imperfect. These virtual images are just facades (表象), but in fact they don’t know anything about you. Anyone who talks to them can get almost the same answer. The biggest problem with the technology is that you can’t create a person who is only right for you. ⑤A virtual image that can hold more conversations with you helps make you feel connected to the person you loved but lost. But a sad person needs to know that only a small part of a person can be captured (捕捉) by these images instead of replacing healthy, normal human relationships. ⑥At the same time this also brings other risks when creating a virtual image, such as moral (道德) problems. Some may think that it’s less important to a person who is already dead. But what if the person isn’t actually dead? Should he or she have a say, too? ⑦If virtual images really come fully into our lives, there’s no doubt that we need new rules about what we leave online. But if we deal with the possibility of misusing virtual images before, rather than after, they are widely used, our lives will be better. ⑧Luckily, I still have the valuable chance to spend more time with my father and mother, face to face, without technology. 1．What does the write think of mourning technology? A．He thinks it has become a perfect technology. B．He doesn’t think it should be used in our life. C．He thinks it can meet the needs of some people. D．He can use it to communicate with his parents better. 2．According to the last two paragraphs, what does the writer get from his experience? A．Value the ones we love when they are still alive. B．Mourning technology won’t be used widely. C．We can keep mourning technology safe by making new rules. D．The progress of technology is faster than imagined. 3．Which of the following is not mentioned in this passage? A．More and more people show interest in the technology. B．Mourning technology can’t reflect everything about a person. C．The living may not allow us to use mourning technology on them. D．Mourning technology may be harmful to the interests of the living. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A．B． C． D． （2024·重庆渝中·一模）Beautiful and smooth, Kunqu Opera is one of the most loved art forms in China. Born in Suzhou, Kunqu Opera grew rapidly during the Ming dynasty (1368-1644). This opera is special for the songs in Suzhou dialect, beautiful body movements, martial (武术) arts and dance. Kunqu Opera has a great influence on many different kinds of operas in China including Beijing Opera, so it is known as the mother of all Chinese operas. Tang Xianzu, the well-known playwright in ancient China, is often compared to Shakespeare. Both of them are famous for writing plays and have drawn people’s attention of different backgrounds. One of the Classic works of Tang Xianzu is “The Peony Pavilion” (《牡丹亭》). However, over 20 years ago, Kunqu Opera was in a very difficult situation. The rise of other opera forms, the ups and downs of the society, the difficulty in learning Kunqu Opera, all led to its drop. The turning point came on May 18, 2001, when UNESCO added Kunqu Opera to “masterpieces of oral and intangible heritage of humanity” (人类口头和非物质遗产杰作) list. The government has tried its best to protect Kunqu Opera as well. In 2008, to help students better understand the opera, Peking University started a course of Kunqu Opera. Experienced performers were invited to teach the performance. Kunqu has become one of the most popular courses in the university. Chen, who teaches the class, said that in recent years it had been around 200 to 500 students. Zhang Miao, 22, a fresh student at Peking University, became a fan to Kunqu because of this class. She says it’s her duty and love to spread Kunqu Opera to people all over the world. Thanks to all the efforts, Kunqu Opera has been walking into more people’s life. 1．Why do we compare Tang Xianzu to Shakespeare? A．Because The Peony Pavilion is written by Tang Xianzu. B．Because Tang Xianzu is popular in ancient China. C．Because Shakespeare has drawn people’s attention of different backgrounds. D．Because both Tang Xianzu and Shakespeare have written many famous plays. 2．Which of the following is NOT the reason for Kunqu’s popularity? A．The support from the government. B．The rise of other opera forms. C．The effort of the teachers and students. D．The help from UNESCO. 3．Which picture can best describe the development of Kunqu Opera in the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Kunqu Opera—the Mother of All Chinese Operas B．Kunqu Opera—the Disappearing Art C．Kunqu Opera Starts a New Life D．A New Course of Kunqu Opera （2024·重庆綦江·一模）Good books can interest children and encourage them to learn. To help you choose the perfect educational book for your child, we’ve picked this list of the best science books for kids. A First Look at Time and Clocks Writer: Bruce Koscielniak; Price: US $8.55 Long ago people used the sun, the moon, and the water to tell time. Soon after we began using our knowledge about the natural world to build clocks and to create calendars made up of months and. years. Centuries later, we have clocks and calendars all around us. This book tells the amazing story of how it all happened! Welcome to the Museum Writer: Katie Scott; Price: US $8.99 This book opens the doors of the natural history museum for your child all year round! It introduces 200 full-color specimens (样本) with lively, rich text and more. Kids can discover the detail of the animal kingdom through drawings about science and art. The Truth Comes Out Writer: Laura Overdeck; Price: US $10.99 This book makes learning about math as fun as dessert after dinner! It connects math with cool facts for one fun and wild adventure. Now kids can discover the science behind all their favorite things: soda, ice cream, and more. With over 100 math problems on different kinds of topics, kids will find math isn’t just fun—it can be found everywhere! 1．What can kids learn in the book about time? A．The hard life of ancestors. B．The origin (起源) of the sun and the moon. C．The old ways to measure (测量) time. D．The wildlife in the natural world. 2．Which book can make numbers fun and easy? A．A First Look at Time and Clocks. B．The Truth Comes Out. C．Welcome to the Museum. D．None of them. 3．If a child wants to buy all of these books, how much does he have to pay? A．$17.54. B．$19.98. C．$19.54. D．$28.53. （23-24九年级·重庆江津·一模）①For the fourth year in a row, Finland (芬兰) came in first in World Happiness Report. This may be surprising to you as Finland is famous for its cold winters and short daylight. Then learn about the people’s life there and you may find the answer. ②In Finland, people’s life is comfortable. Many people grow up with the library. “The library is a main part of life for the people here,” Halsas, a tour guide in Finland, said. “They might do schoolwork there or just read. It’s a safe environment.” Perhaps the best example of this in practice is the Oodi Helsinki Central Library, which opened in 2018. The bright, open space has different areas. It was built to be not only a work space, but also a living room for the people. ③Finns love their saunas (桑拿浴), and almost every home or apartment has one. Finland has a population of about 5.5 million, and there are over 2 million saunas in the country. “There are more saunas than cars here. In the summertime, I go every day,” Halsas said. Taking saunas is quite good for physical health, such as improving heart health and more. But the best reason to go? It is relaxing. ④People also love exploring the outdoors, from their 40 national parks to different islands. So the life of Finland is healthy. It’s no wonder the population loves to go hiking or biking—the landscape (风景) is fantastic. “There is a lot of nature to enjoy and even private lands are open to everyone,” Halsas said. In winter, life doesn’t change too much from summertime because Finns get used to the cold and still get around on bicycles. To them, winter just means more activities, such as ice skating, cross-country skiing and dog sledding (雪橇). 1．What is Finland famous for? A．Warm spring and beautiful sunshine. B．Cold winters and short daylight. C．Comfortable saunas. D．Small population. 2．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．The cold winters in Finland. B．The daylight in Finland. C．Finland is famous around the world. D．Finland became the world’s happiest country again. 3．What’s people’s life in Finland like? A．Unhappy, dangerous and lonely. B．Comfortable, exciting but difficult. C．Comfortable, relaxing and healthy. D．Interesting, wonderful but dangerous. 4．What’s the best structure of the passage? A．①/②③④ B．①/②/③④ C．①/②③/④ D．①②/③④ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题09 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (重庆中考真题+中考模拟) （2024·重庆·中考真题）①The world’s highest ski place, Chacaltaya, was closed after the 18,000-year-old glacier melted (冰川融化) in 2009. Many scientists agree that the glaciers around the world could disappear in this century, much faster than we thought. ②As we all know, the reason for this is global (全球的) warming. When certain gas such as carbon dioxide (CO₂) is largely emitted (排放) into the atmosphere, it causes the greenhouse effect (效应) which makes Earth warmer. ③As Earth becomes warmer, glaciers melt quickly, and dark rocks are uncovered. Then these rocks take in more heat, causing the temperature to rise. As a result, the remaining snow on glaciers melts faster. ④The effects of global warming will be far-reaching and often devastating (毁灭性的). While the melting of glaciers may flood (淹没) some areas of Earth, in other places, it is making water disappear. An increasing number of heat waves and droughts (干旱) worldwide will also change the face of the world in the future. ⑤Global warming is a real problem, and one largely caused by human activity. Solving the problem is not easy, and there is no single magic way. However, we can begin it by lowering the amount of CO₂ in our daily lives. ⑥Peter Miller, along with his wife, took part in a scientific test to see how much CO₂ they could cut down in a month. The average (平均) U.S. household produces about 80 kilos of CO₂, which was more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average. Their final goal was to make less CO₂ than most American families. ⑦First, they found out how much CO₂ they were producing. Then they asked an expert for advice on how to reduce CO₂ emissions. According to the expert’s advice, they made some changes to their house, replaced their lights, and changed some of their living habits. At the same time, they either biked, walked, or used public transportation. A month later, they saved 70% on electricity, 40% on gas, and drove half as much as others. Their daily CO₂ emissions were less than the U.S. average, at 32 kilos. ⑧Protecting our planet starts small: change a light, open a window, walk or bike. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us can make a difference. 1．Why was the ski place, Chacaltaya, closed in 2009? A．Because the ski place was too old. B．Because few tourists came to this place. C．Because the ski place was too high to reach. D．Because the 18,000-year-old glacier melted. 2．How does the writer show that Peter succeeded in the scientific test? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions. C．By giving explanations. D．By giving suggestions. 3．Which of the following can match the information in the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍全球变暖的相关内容，呼吁人们环保生活。 1．细节理解题。根据“The world’s highest ski place, Chacaltaya, was closed after the 18,000-year-old glacier melted (冰川融化) in 2009.”可知，世界上海拔最高的滑雪场查卡尔塔亚(Chacaltaya)因为冰川于2009年融化后关闭。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The average (平均) U.S. household produces about 80 kilos of CO₂, which was more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average. Their final goal was to make less CO₂ than most American families.”可知，作者通过列数字证明彼得在科学测试中成功了。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“As Earth becomes warmer, glaciers melt quickly, and dark rocks are uncovered. Then these rocks take in more heat, causing the temperature to rise. As a result, the remaining snow on glaciers melts faster.”可知，随着地球变暖，冰川迅速融化，深色岩石露出地面。然后这些岩石吸收更多的热量，导致温度上升。结果，冰川上剩余的雪融化得更快。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第一段介绍查卡尔塔亚滑雪场关闭这一事实；第二、三两段介绍原因；第四段介绍全球变暖的影响；第五段建议我们可以从减少日常生活中的二氧化碳排放量，第六、七两段介绍彼得·米勒和他的妻子的试验，来佐证减少二氧化碳排放量是有帮助的，第八段建议人们保护地球从小事做起。故选A。 （2024·重庆·中考真题） ①More than 100,000 people cheered at the breathtaking moment when 3,000 drones flew over Chaotianmen on the Chinese New Year Eve. The 15-minute drone show had 300 million views online. ②In fact, drones are easy to operate. People send orders to the control system. Rotors push against the air to make the drone rise or stay in the air. By changing the angle (角度) and the speed of different rotors, the drone flies in all directions. ③Drones can complete difficult and special tasks in a timely and effective way. ④After an earthquake, drones can fly over blocked roads to find people or record any possible danger. Reaching the mountain village by road may take several hours, but drones provide information in just a few minutes. ⑤For weak wildlife populations, drones can show where poachers are hiding and if they are carrying guns. At night, drones with infrared (红外线的) cameras can easily find them in the dark. ⑥Drones also provide convenience for the public. For example, at a sports event, drones are used to give a view from above or help coaches see how their players are doing. ⑦In a word, drones have been widely used in emergency (紧急情况), environmental protection, farming, transportation and others, with more fields on the way. ⑧As drones are cheaper, more practical and less dangerous than planes or helicopters, drone flight activities have become the important driving force for the growth of low-altitude economy (低空经济). Besides well-known leaders like DJI, more pioneering companies have appeared. At the end of last year, there were nearly 1.27 million registered (注册的) drones across the country. The drone industry is believed to be full of chances and possibilities. 1．What’s the purpose in writing Paragraph 1? A．To provide the background. B．To lead into the subject. C．To compare differences. D．To introduce a festival. 2．What does the underlined word “poachers” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．非法捕猎者 B．动物保护者 C．无人机驾驶员 D．野生动物管理员 3．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What will the writer probably discuss after the last paragraph? A．The history of the drone industry. B．The advantages of drones. C．The future of the drone industry. D．The standards of drones. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了无人机的应用以及未来的产业。 1．推理判断题。根据“More than 100,000 people cheered at the breathtaking moment when 3,000 drones flew over Chaotianmen on the Chinese New Year Eve.”可知本文通过超10万人观看无人机在新年飞行的时刻，引出对无人机的介绍。故选B。 2．词义推断题。根据“For weak wildlife populations, drones can show where poachers are hiding and if they are carrying guns.”可知携带枪支，猎杀野生动物的是非法捕猎者。故选A。 3．篇章结构题。第一段引出无人机话题，第二段介绍无人机的可操控性，第三段介绍无人机可以完成困难和特殊任务，第四段和第五段介绍了这样的任务，第六段介绍无人机可以提供公共便捷，与第三段并列，第七段是对无人机作用的总结，第八段介绍了无人机产业。因此D选项符合。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“The drone industry is believed to be full of chances and possibilities.”可知最后一句介绍无人机未来是充满无限机会和可能的，所以之后作者会介绍无人机未来的产业。故选C。 （2024·重庆·中考真题）“The Green Wall Initiative” is a project that encourages students to protect the environment by creating their own gardens on the walls. The project was started in 2007 by the African Union. Urban Middle School in Beijing is the first one to take part in the project in China. The project in Urban Middle School teaches students about sustainable (可持续的) practices, plant care and teamwork. In the project, students make plans. A piece of wall is given to each class. Then students choose right plants to grow on the wall. They take turns to take care of the plants. They also record the growth of the plants. The project is a success. Those living walls not only beautify the school environment, but also help make the air fresher and lower the temperature of the city. Students put into practice what they have learned in environmental science. They also learn to work with others and take care of their own community. Now, more and more schools follow the example, hoping to spread the idea of environmental protection. 1．When was the project started by the African Union? A．In 2007. B．In 2010. C．In 2015. D．In 2023. 2．What does the writer think of the project? A．It’s boring. B．It’s easy. C．It’s a failure. D．It’s a success. Which of the following can be put into No.3 and No.4? Project The Green Wall Initiative in Urban Middle School Member Teachers and students Goal To protect the environment Process ● Students make plans. ● A piece of wall is given to each class. ● Students choose right plants to grow on the walls. ● 3._______ ● Students record the growth of the plants. 4._______ ● The environment becomes better than before. ● Students learn about sustainable practices, plant care and teamwork. ● More schools take part in the project. 3．A．Students take turns to take care of the plants. B．Students follow the examples of other schools. C．Students do scientific tests about the temperature. D．Students clean their own community at weekends. 4．A．Example B．Achievement C．Reason D．Difficulty 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了非洲联盟的绿色长城计划，同时介绍了计划对学生们的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“The project was started in 2007 by the African Union.”可知绿色长城计划是在2007年批准的。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The project is a success.”可知作者认为计划很成功。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“In the project, students make plans. A piece of wall is given to each class. Then students choose right plants to grow on the wall. They take turns to take care of the plants. They also record the growth of the plants.”可知学生们会制定计划，选定植物，学生们轮流照顾，然后记录成长。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“The environment becomes better than before.”和“Students learn about sustainable practices, plant care and teamwork.”可知最后一段介绍这次活动中取得的成就。故选B。 （2023·重庆·中考真题） Diagram(图表) or Survey Result ①AI (artificial intelligence人工智能) and machine learning refer to the ability of machines to learn and act intelligently. It means they can make decisions, finish tasks, and even tell the possible future results based on what they learn from data(数据). ②AI and machine learning already play a bigger role in everyday life than you might imagine. Health care, banking, video games, every search on the Internet you make..., all are driven by AI. ③AI is going to change almost every field of modern life. Stephen Hawking said, “Success in creating AI would be the biggest event in human history.” And Hawking added at once, “Unluckily, it might also be the last, unless we learn how to avoid the risks.” ④ ▲ , especially when you consider some countries are racing to develop AI-enabled autonomous weapons(人工智能自主武器). It is also going to change and take the place of many human jobs. The same worries also come from the public. According to the survey result from Centre for the Governance of AI, 91% of the people (tend to and totally) agree that “AI is a technology that requires careful management” in Europe. ⑤But rather than agreeing with an idea of a helpless future where all human jobs are given over to robots, some people believe AI will make on working lives better. It will improve the work of humans, and new jobs will appear to take the place of the old ones. ⑥What’s more, machines become more intelligent and they are able to finish more human tasks. Things which only belong to humans lie creativity and critical(批判性的) thinking, will become even more valuable in the future. ⑦Like it or not, AI is here. Maybe changing ourselves and managing it well are the best way out. Just as Benjamin Franklin once said, “When you’re finished changing, you’re finished.” 1．Which paragraph does the diagram mainly support? A．② B．③ C．④ D．⑤ 2．Which sentence can be put in the ▲ ? A．As we know, there are possible huge risks for society and human life B．Also, you can find AI serving our daily life in every possible field C．Without doubt, AI is a fantastic technology to lead us into the future D．Humans are surely more creative and better at many things than AI 3．What’s the purpose of writing the passage? A．To warn us that AI will take humans’ place. B．To show us that there are a lot of uses of AI. C．To tell us that many people are worried about AI. D．To suggest we prepare for the changes brought by AI. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A．B．C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了人工智能在生活中的用处以及人们的担心，建议为人工智能带来的变化做好准备。 1．推理判断题。根据第四段“According to the survey result from Centre for the Governance of AI, 91% of the people (tend to and totally) agree that ‘AI is a technology that requires careful management’ in Europe.”可知根据人工智能治理中心的调查结果，91%的人（倾向于并且完全）同意欧洲“人工智能是一种需要谨慎管理的技术”，故图表支持第四段的内容。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“especially when you consider some countries are racing to develop AI-enabled autonomous weapons”以及“The same worries also come from the public”可知当你考虑到一些国家正在竞相开发人工智能自主武器时，人类可能会面临危险，选项A“正如我们所知，社会和人类生活可能面临巨大风险”放于此处。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了人工智能在生活中的用处以及人们的担心，建议为人工智能带来的变化做好准备。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出了人工智能的话题；第二段介绍了人工智能在生活中的运用；第三段和第四段表明人工智能是一种需要谨慎管理的技术；第五段和第六段介绍了一些人支持人工智能的原因；第七段进行总结。故选项D符合文章的结构。故选D。 （2023·重庆·中考真题）The Chinese pingfeng (folding screen) is an ancient invention and traditional Chinese furniture (家具). Its earliest common use dates from the Han Dynasty. The term pingfeng means protection from wind, showing its purpose at the very beginning. As time passes, it has been made into different sizes with colourful paintings. On screens usually appears a dragon. It’s a symbol of light, growth and life-giving water. It also stands for nobility and power. The peacock, a beautiful bird, can be seen on screens, too. It’s a symbol of everlasting life. Beautiful flowers, which mean wealth and good luck, are also chosen as a popular design of the pingfeng. All the designs carry people’s beautiful wishes. Behind the pingfeng lies an interesting story. In the past the unmarried daughter of a rich family was not supposed to see or be seen by men except her father, brothers or very close male cousins. When an admirer paid a visit however, she might take a secret look at him from a screen behind which she would be completely hidden. Her father would discuss poems with the young man and ask him to create one. If the daughter and her father were satisfied with the young man’s poem and his looks, she might agree to take him as a husband. Today the pingfeng is back in fashion for its beauty and its practical (实际的) use as furniture. Acting as a moving wall or divider, it can be the perfect match (相配) for modern sofas and walls, which adds style to them. The pingfeng is more than beautiful furniture. 1．What was the pingfeng used for at the very beginning? A．Protecting people from wind. B．Dividing a room. C．Making a room beautiful. D．Hiding a person. 2．Which design is a symbol of wealth and good luck? A．The dragon. B．The peacock. C．The water. D．The flowers. 3．How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 2? A．By telling a story. B．By giving examples. C．By comparing differences. D．By explaining the result. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Practical Use of the Pingfeng B．A Beautiful Story of the Pingfeng C．Old Pingfeng in Modern Homes D．The Hidden Beauty of the Pingfeng 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了屏风的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据“ Its earliest common use dates from the Han Dynasty. The term pingfeng means protection from wind, showing its purpose at the very beginning.”可知“屏风”一词的意思是防风，这是它的最初目的。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Beautiful flowers, which mean wealth and good luck”可知美丽的花朵，意味着财富和好运。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“On screens usually appears a dragon...The peacock... Beautiful flowers”可知第二段举了几个例子说明屏风上常出现的东西。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。文主要介绍了中国屏风的用处以及它背后的一个故事，展示了屏风的隐藏之美，故以选项D“屏风的隐藏之美”为标题最合适。故选D。 （2023·重庆·中考真题）Squirrels(松鼠) are cute and interesting animals that can be found in many parts of the world. They are known for their long tails, big teeth, and the ability to climb trees. They can jump up to 6 meters in height, and they can run up to 32 kilometers every hour. Squirrels have soft bodies. Their eyes are high on their small heads and a replaced on each side so they can see wide and far without having to turn around. This often helps them get out of danger. Squirrels have four big teeth in the front of their mouth that keep growing all through their lives. They are known for their love of nuts(坚果), and they can eat as much food as their body weight each week. They will often keep nuts in the ground for the long winter months. Many people think that squirrels only eat nuts, but this isn’t true. They also like to eat plants, fruits, eggs, small animals and even young snakes. One funny thing is that squirrels are good at planting trees. They hide the fruits of oak trees, but often forget where they put them. In the end, the forgotten fruits become big trees. 1．How high can squirrels jump? A．6 meters. B．6 kilometers. C．32 meters. D．32 kilometers. 2．What do squirrels have? A．Short tails. B．Big teeth. C．Cold bodies. D．Big heads. 3．Why do squirrels keep nuts in the ground? A．To eat in winter.B．To plant trees. C．To lose some weight. D．To have fun. 4．In which part of a magazine can you probably read this passage? A．Art. B．Sports. C．Animals. D．History. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了有关松鼠的相关知识。 1．细节理解题。根据“They can jump up to 6 meters in height”可知松鼠可以跳到6米高，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“They are known for their long tails, big teeth, and the ability to climb trees.”可知松鼠有大牙齿，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“They will often keep nuts in the ground for the long winter months.”可知松鼠把坚果藏在地下是为了在冬天吃。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了有关松鼠的相关知识，所以可以在杂志的动物部分看到，故选C。 （2024·重庆大渡口·三模）Every early morning in Southwest China’s Chongqing, there is a common scene at the city’s Subway Line 4: a group of farmers shouldering vegetables for sale are busy riding on the subway to the city center. The second part of the subway line connects Shichuan town to the city center. It has provided local farmers near the town with a wider channel for selling their products since its opening in 2022. The vegetables grown by the farmers, which used to be sold at low prices in the town, can now be sold at higher prices in the city. Every morning around 6 o’clock, the entrance and exit of the Shichuan Town station of the line are crowded with these special passengers. They carry baskets within fresh vegetables on their backs. To make it easier for the farmers, the station which was supposed to open at 6:15, now opens five minutes early every day. The workers at the station also help as much as possible: helping with the baskets, guiding them to enter the station quickly and orderly and so on. There’s an elderly couple in their 80s, who take the subway to sell vegetables. In Chongqing, people over the age of 65 can use the subway for free. The opening of this subway line not only saves money for the elderly but also time. According to Feng, the husband of the elderly couple, it took him more than one hour to reach the city before as he had to take several buses. Now, by taking the subway, they can get there in less than 30 minutes without any hassle. And they can sell all their vegetables in less than three hours after arriving at the market. 1．How does the second part of Subway Line 4 help local farmers? A．It stops them from selling their products. B．It gives them a quick ride. C．It makes them sell their products at higher prices. D．It allows them to sell their products in the city. 2．Which of the following is not TRUE according to the passage? A．The station opens at 6:15 every day. B．The workers at the station help with the baskets. C．The workers at the station guide the farmers to enter the station. D．The workers at the station make the passengers enter the station quickly and orderly. 3．What advantages do the elderly have from the subway line? A．Comfortable travel. B．Free rides and less travel time. C．Faster travel. D．Lower vegetable prices. 4．Where can we probably read the passage? A．In a science magazine. B．In a storybook.C．In a travel guide. D．In a newspaper. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了重庆地4号线的开通为当地农民带来的便利，包括使他们能够以更高的价格销售农产品，以及为老年人提供了免费乘车和节省时间的好处。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“It has provided local farmers near the town with a wider channel for selling their products since its opening in 2022. The vegetables grown by the farmers, which used to be sold at low prices in the town, can now be sold at higher prices in the city.”可知这使得他们以更高的价格出售产品。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“To make it easier for the farmers, the station which was supposed to open at 6:15, now opens five minutes early every day.”可知为了让农民更方便，原本应该6:15开门的车站现在每天提前5分钟开门，开门时间为6:10，A项与文意不符。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“In Chongqing, people over the age of 65 can use the subway for free. The opening of this subway line not only saves money for the elderly but also time.”（在重庆，65岁以上的老人可以免费乘坐地铁。这条地铁线的开通不仅为老年人节省了金钱，节省了时间。）以及第五段“According to Feng, the husband of the elderly couple, it took him more than one hour to reach the city before as he had to take several buses. Now, by taking the subway, they can get there in less than 30 minutes without any hassle.”（据这对老夫妇的丈夫冯说，以前他要花一个多小时才能到达这个城市，因为他必须乘坐几辆公共汽车。现在，通过乘坐地铁，他们可以在不到30分钟内到达那里，没有任何麻烦。）可知优点是免费乘车和更少的乘车时间。故选B。 4．推理判断题。文章介绍了重庆地铁4号线第二阶段开通后，为当地农民带来的便利，所以文章会出现在报纸上。故选D。 （2024·重庆大渡口·三模）①Foreigners like growing flowers in the garden and enjoy the nice smell in spring. However, Chinese people prefer growing vegetables and get a harvest in autumn. For Chinese, bottles, boxes, even plastic bags are perfect for growing vegetables. ②It’s said that there is a “vegetable gene” in every Chinese. After all, they have farmed for thousands of years. Because of this, they grow vegetables around the world, creating conditions for planting before there are any. ③A group of parents of Chinese students once grew vegetables at Yale University. This area used to be covered with weeds. To help change the situation, these Chinese parents worked together and finally turned weeds into vegetables. ④Africa is such a poor place. Many hard-working and kind-hearted Chinese workers went there to help. They helped build roads as well as taught Africans how to farm. All kinds of fruits and vegetables have been grown in Africa. ⑤The soldiers on the islands of the South China Sea also created a vegetable garden through their own efforts. It used to be difficult for the soldiers to eat fresh vegetables on the islands. But recently, they harvested 750 kg of vegetables on sandy beaches. Everyone was excited. ⑥With the development of the country, Chinese people have grown vegetables all over the world, from America to Africa, from South Pole to the outer space. Just as what we saw in the movie, the days of planting potatoes on Mars will not be far away. 1．In Paragraph 1, the writer started this passage by ________. A．listing some numbers B．asking some questions C．telling different jokes D．comparing different facts 2．In the passage, the soldiers grew vegetables ________. A．at Yale University B．in Africa C．on the islands D．in the outer space 3．The writer wrote this passage in a ________ tone (语气). A．polite B．proud C．serious D．bored 4．The structure of the passage may be ________. A．①②, ③④⑤, ⑥ B．①, ②③④⑤, ⑥C．①②③, ④⑤, ⑥ D．①②, ③④, ⑤⑥ 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了中国人喜欢种植蔬菜，并在世界各地通过努力创造条件进行种植。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Foreigners like growing flowers in the garden and enjoy the nice smell in spring. However, Chinese people prefer growing vegetables and get a harvest in autumn. (外国人喜欢在花园里种花，享受春天的香味。然而，中国人更喜欢在秋天种植蔬菜和收获)”可知，将外国人爱种花与中国人爱种菜进行了对比，运用了对比开篇法。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段“The soldiers on the islands of the South China Sea also created a vegetable garden through their own efforts.”可知，士兵们在岛上种菜。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Many hard-working and kind-hearted Chinese workers went there to help. They helped build roads as well as taught Africans how to farm. (许多勤劳善良的中国工人去那里帮忙。他们帮助修建道路，并教非洲人如何耕种)”和第六段“With the development of the country, Chinese people have grown vegetables all over the world, from America to Africa, from South Pole to the outer space. (随着国家的发展，中国人把蔬菜种到了世界各地，从美洲到非洲，从南极到外太空)”可知，作者的语气充满了自豪感。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段至第二段引入了中国人爱种菜的话题；第三段至第五段举例说明了中国人在世界各地种菜；第六段预言不久的将来中国人会在火星上种土豆。故选A。 （2024·重庆永川·一模）①There are a few ways in which Chinese restaurants are different from Western restaurants. Chinese restaurant culture is broad and profound. ②Consider how Westerners go about eating at restaurants. Everyone always gets their own menu and orders their own food. And, since the tables are usually small, it is quite difficult to talk to—or even see—more than a few people during the meal. ③While in modern China there are many Western-style restaurants, the traditional Chinese restaurant experience is quite different from in the West. Usually, everyone sits at large, round tables where it is easy to see and talk with each other, even if it is a rather large group. One person orders the food for everyone, after considering the likes and dislikes of the other people in the group. Then, when the food comes, all of it is put in the middle of the table. Everyone then serves themselves by taking a small bit of food and putting it on their own plates. ④Just as in the West, people can choose what they want to eat. However, while in the West, importance is placed on the individual (个人) and having one's own preferences, in China importance is placed on sharing and community. Instead of seeing themselves as individuals first, and part of the group second, Chinese people generally see themselves as part of the group first and individuals second. Everyone still gets what they want, but it is a shared experience. ⑤Finally, since people are seated at a round table, everyone is treated equally. No one person is given greater importance over another. However, respect is still shown to older people or people of higher status, as they always sit at the far end of the room facing the door. ⑥China has many different styles of food and a wide range of ingredients and cooking methods. And so, when you are in China, you should make an effort to enjoy Chinese food as much as possible. However, you should also make an effort to enjoy it as the Chinese do-as a group experience-a time for sharing. family, and friendship. 1．In China, what is placed in an important place about choosing the food by Chinese people? A．The individual. B．Price. C．Sharing. D．Their own preferences. 2．The writer mainly develops his idea by _______. A．listing numbers B．raising questions C．telling a story D．comparing facts 3．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Chinese restaurant culture isn’t only just food. B．The Western restaurants. C．The Chinese food. D．The different food in the world. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A．①②/③④/⑤⑥ B．①/②③④/⑤⑥ C．①②/③④⑤/⑥ D．①/②③④⑤/⑥ 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文分析了中餐和西餐在进食方面的不同以及中餐背后所代表的不同的意义。 1．细节理解题。根据第四段“in China importance is placed on sharing and community.”可知，在中国吃饭选择食物时人们重视分享。故选C。 2．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文分析了中餐和西餐在进食方面的不同以及中餐背后所代表的不同的意义。故推断出这篇文章是通过对比事实来表述他的想法的。故选D。 3．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文分析了中餐和西餐在进食方面的不同以及中餐背后所代表的不同的意义。故选项A“中国的餐饮文化不仅仅是食物。”为最佳标题。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。第一段总述了中餐饭店与西餐饭店有差异性；第二、三、四、五段分别介绍了中餐和西餐在进食方面的不同；第六段总结了中餐背后的意义。故选D。 （2024·重庆江津·三模）No model has ever received more attention in China than the Xiaomi SU7, which was launched (上市， 发行) on Thursday night in Beijing. It may sound unbelievable but the launch event attracted (吸引) more than 40 million views on Xiaomi Auto’s Weibo alone. Even guessing its price level had been a popular topic on China’s social media platforms for weeks. Xiaomi, one of the world’s leading smartphone companies, began accepting orders in China through an app on Thursday night, after founder Lei Jun finished a more than two-hour presentation (发布会) on the SU7 car by stating the much-awaited price range (区间): 215, 900 yuan to 299, 900 yuan. Xiaomi said that it received 50, 000 orders for the SU7 in the first 27 minutes after sales opened at 10 p. m. Beijing time. Lei mentioned that Beijing-based Xiaomi aims to become one of the world’s top five car makers in the next 15 to 20 years. “It’s hard to make a car, but it’s cool to succeed,” he said. Lei said Xiaomi would lose money on the basic model at 215, 900 yuan, a price that is lower than the Tesla (特斯拉) Model 3 in China. In his opinion, the SU7 car did better than the Tesla in most areas, but the best type of the SU7 is not as good as the Porsche (保时捷) Taycan. “There’s still a long way to go for our car to become a Porsche,” he said, “but if Xiaomi keeps working hard for another five to ten years, one day we will finally catch up with and even surpass Porsche.” 1．How many views did the Xiaomi SU7 launch event get on Xiaomi Auto’s Weibo? A．Over 40, 000, 000. B．Exactly 215, 900. C．Less than 299, 900. D．Around 40, 000. 2．When could people start ordering the Xiaomi Su7? A．Before Lei Jun’s presentation. B．When people guessed the price. C．After the two-hour presentation by Lei Jun. D．On the day before Lei Jun’s presentation. 3．What is Xiaomi’s goal (目标) in the next 15 to 20 years? A．To produce the best electric cars. B．To catch up with Tesla and Porsche. C．To become the best smartphone company. D．To be one of the world’s top five car makers. 4．What does the underlined word “surpass” mean? A．be larger than B．be better than C．be cheaper than D．be heavier than 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了小米汽车SU7的发布会，以及小米公司的未来目标和对自家产品的评价。 1．细节理解题。根据“It may sound unbelievable but the launch event attracted (吸引) more than 40 million views on Xiaomi Auto’s Weibo alone”可知仅在小米汽车的微博上，发布会就吸引了超过4000万的浏览量。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Xiaomi, one of the world’s leading smartphone companies, began accepting orders in China through an app on Thursday night, after founder Lei Jun finished a more than two-hour presentation (发布会) on the SU7 car”可知，小米SU7在雷军的两小时发布会结束后开始接受订单，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Lei mentioned that Beijing-based Xiaomi aims to become one of the world’s top five car makers in the next 15 to 20 years.”可知，小米的目标是在未来15到20年内成为全球前五的汽车制造商，故选D。 4．词义猜测题。根据“‘There’s still a long way to go for our car to become a Porsche,’ he said, but if Xiaomi keeps working hard for another five to ten years, ‘one day we will finally catch up with and even surpass Porsche.’”可知，我们的车要成为保时捷还有很长的路要走，但终有一天能超过它，因此可以推测出划线词“surpass”的意思是“超过”，即“比……好”。故选B。 （2024·重庆开州·三模）This year, Finland (芬兰) came in first in the World Happiness Report (全球幸福指数报告) for the fourth time. This may be surprising to you because Finland is famous for its cold winters and short daylight. Then learn more about the people’s life there and you may find the answer. In Finland, many people grow up going to the library. “The library is a main part of life for the people here,” Halsas, a tour guide in Finland, said. “They might do schoolwork there or just read. It’s a safe environment.” Maybe the best example of this is the Oodi Helsinki Central Library opened in 2018. With different parts, it is not only a place to work but also to live in. Finns love their saunas (桑拿浴), and almost every home has one. There are over 2million saunas in the country. “There are more saunas than cars here. In the summertime, I go every day,” Halsas said. Taking saunas is quite good to health, such as making our heart healthier. The people of Finland also love exploring (探索) the outdoors, like going hiking or biking—the landscape (风景) is fantastic. “There is a lot of nature to enjoy and even private lands are open to everyone,” Halsas said. In winter, life doesn’t change too much because Finns are never afraid of the cold and still get around on bicycles. To them, winter just means more activities, such as ice skating, cross-country skiing, and dog sledding. 1．What does the underlined word “This” in the first paragraph refers to? A．That Finland gets so famous and popular in the world. B．That Finland is famous for its cold winters and short daylight. C．That Finland became the world’s happiest country over and over again. D．That people in Finland can stand the cold weather and short daylight. 2．What do we know about the Oodi Helsinki Central Library? A．It is really a fantastic library with a long history. B．It’s the safest place to live in Finland. C．It’s a nice place for people in Finland to enjoy their time. D．It is the best library in Finland. 3．What are the people’s secrets of happiness in Finland? ①Reading and exercising to live life to the full.    ②Getting close to nature as much as possible. ③Slowing down to enjoy wonderful life.    ④Never stop trying something new. A．①② B．②④ C．③④ D．①②③④ 4．What kind of passage is it? A．narration (记叙文) B．exposition (应用文) C．argumentation (议论文) D．description (说明文) 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了芬兰人的日常生活，以此来告诉读者为什么今年芬兰第四次在世界幸福报告中排名第一。 1．代词指代题。根据“This year, Finland (芬兰) came in first in the World Happiness Report (全球幸福指数报告) for the fourth time. This may be surprising to you because Finland is famous for its cold winters and short daylight.”可知，芬兰一次又一次在世界幸福报告中排名第一可能会让人们感到惊讶，故this指代“芬兰一次又一次地成为世界上最幸福的国家”，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The library is a main part of life for the people here”及“They might do schoolwork there or just read. It’s a safe environment.”可知，图书馆是一个可以消磨时间的地方，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“In Finland, many people grow up going to the library.”、“Finns love their saunas (桑拿浴), and almost every home has one.”、“The people of Finland also love exploring (探索) the outdoors”并结合全文的描述可知，芬兰人幸福的秘诀分别是：读书和锻炼使生活充实；尽可能接近自然；放慢脚步，享受美好生活；永远不要停止尝试新事物。故选D。 4．推理判断题。本文主要介绍芬兰人的日常生活，是一篇说明文，故选D。 （2024·重庆綦江·一模）①Have you heard of mourning (悼念) technology? ②Last night is really unusual for me. I couldn’t imagine I could speak to my parents. And for a moment I even forgot I wasn’t really speaking to real them, just their virtual images (虚拟形象). In fact, both of my parents are still alive and well. But the virtual images could help me understand the technology, which is an APP created by a company called Here After Al. ③Mourning technology can let you communicate with the people you have loved but lost. This used to appear in science fiction. But now it has come into our real life. Maybe it sounds some scary, but it’s not difficult to see that more and more people might turn to the virtual images for comfort. ④However, there is still something imperfect. These virtual images are just facades (表象), but in fact they don’t know anything about you. Anyone who talks to them can get almost the same answer. The biggest problem with the technology is that you can’t create a person who is only right for you. ⑤A virtual image that can hold more conversations with you helps make you feel connected to the person you loved but lost. But a sad person needs to know that only a small part of a person can be captured (捕捉) by these images instead of replacing healthy, normal human relationships. ⑥At the same time this also brings other risks when creating a virtual image, such as moral (道德) problems. Some may think that it’s less important to a person who is already dead. But what if the person isn’t actually dead? Should he or she have a say, too? ⑦If virtual images really come fully into our lives, there’s no doubt that we need new rules about what we leave online. But if we deal with the possibility of misusing virtual images before, rather than after, they are widely used, our lives will be better. ⑧Luckily, I still have the valuable chance to spend more time with my father and mother, face to face, without technology. 1．What does the write think of mourning technology? A．He thinks it has become a perfect technology. B．He doesn’t think it should be used in our life. C．He thinks it can meet the needs of some people. D．He can use it to communicate with his parents better. 2．According to the last two paragraphs, what does the writer get from his experience? A．Value the ones we love when they are still alive. B．Mourning technology won’t be used widely. C．We can keep mourning technology safe by making new rules. D．The progress of technology is faster than imagined. 3．Which of the following is not mentioned in this passage? A．More and more people show interest in the technology. B．Mourning technology can’t reflect everything about a person. C．The living may not allow us to use mourning technology on them. D．Mourning technology may be harmful to the interests of the living. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A．B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文讨论了“悼念科技”这一新兴技术，可以让人与死去的亲人进行对话，虽然这种技术可以在某种程度上带来安慰和联系感，但是也存在很多弊端和风险。 1．细节理解题。根据“Maybe it sounds some scary, but it’s not difficult to see that more and more people might turn to the virtual images for comfort.”可知，作者认为这个新的“悼念科技”迎合了一些人的需求。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“But if we deal with the possibility of misusing virtual images before, rather than after, they are widely used, our lives will be better.”以及“Luckily, I still have the valuable chance to spend more time with my father and mother, face to face, without technology.”可知，从最后两段中可以得知，作者认为应该珍惜所爱的人——当他们还活着的时候。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“but it’s not difficult to see that more and more people might turn to the virtual images for comfort.”可知，越来越多的人对此感兴趣，选项A正确；根据“But a sad person needs to know that only a small part of a person can be captured (捕捉) by these images instead of replacing healthy, normal human relationships.”可知，“悼念科技”并不能反映一个人的一切，选项B正确；根据“But what if the person isn’t actually dead? Should he or she have a say, too?”可知，“悼念科技”可能会损害生者的利益，选项C正确，综上，选项D未被提及。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文，第一段提出“悼念科技”这个概念；第二段与第三段讲述了“悼念科技”具体是什么；第四段至第六段讲述了“悼念科技”的弊端；第七段介绍了“悼念科技”如果真的进入了生活会是什么样，并表明处理好它被滥用的可能性，生活会更好；最后一段讲述了作者感到庆幸的是还有机会和父母面对面地交流，不需要依赖科技。因此选项A的结构符合题意。故选A。 （2024·重庆渝中·一模）Beautiful and smooth, Kunqu Opera is one of the most loved art forms in China. Born in Suzhou, Kunqu Opera grew rapidly during the Ming dynasty (1368-1644). This opera is special for the songs in Suzhou dialect, beautiful body movements, martial (武术) arts and dance. Kunqu Opera has a great influence on many different kinds of operas in China including Beijing Opera, so it is known as the mother of all Chinese operas. Tang Xianzu, the well-known playwright in ancient China, is often compared to Shakespeare. Both of them are famous for writing plays and have drawn people’s attention of different backgrounds. One of the Classic works of Tang Xianzu is “The Peony Pavilion” (《牡丹亭》). However, over 20 years ago, Kunqu Opera was in a very difficult situation. The rise of other opera forms, the ups and downs of the society, the difficulty in learning Kunqu Opera, all led to its drop. The turning point came on May 18, 2001, when UNESCO added Kunqu Opera to “masterpieces of oral and intangible heritage of humanity” (人类口头和非物质遗产杰作) list. The government has tried its best to protect Kunqu Opera as well. In 2008, to help students better understand the opera, Peking University started a course of Kunqu Opera. Experienced performers were invited to teach the performance. Kunqu has become one of the most popular courses in the university. Chen, who teaches the class, said that in recent years it had been around 200 to 500 students. Zhang Miao, 22, a fresh student at Peking University, became a fan to Kunqu because of this class. She says it’s her duty and love to spread Kunqu Opera to people all over the world. Thanks to all the efforts, Kunqu Opera has been walking into more people’s life. 1．Why do we compare Tang Xianzu to Shakespeare? A．Because The Peony Pavilion is written by Tang Xianzu. B．Because Tang Xianzu is popular in ancient China. C．Because Shakespeare has drawn people’s attention of different backgrounds. D．Because both Tang Xianzu and Shakespeare have written many famous plays. 2．Which of the following is NOT the reason for Kunqu’s popularity? A．The support from the government. B．The rise of other opera forms. C．The effort of the teachers and students. D．The help from UNESCO. 3．Which picture can best describe the development of Kunqu Opera in the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Kunqu Opera—the Mother of All Chinese Operas B．Kunqu Opera—the Disappearing Art C．Kunqu Opera Starts a New Life D．A New Course of Kunqu Opera 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了昆曲，中国最受欢迎的艺术形式之一，被誉为“百戏之祖”。曾一度衰落，但经过联合国教科文组织和政府的保护，以及北京大学等高校的推广，昆曲重新焕发了生机，成为许多人的喜爱。 1．细节理解题。根据“Both of them are famous for writing plays and have drawn people’s attention of different backgrounds.”可知，两人都以写剧本而闻名，并引起了不同背景的人们的关注。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“when UNESCO added Kunqu Opera to “masterpieces of oral and intangible heritage of humanity” (人类口头和非物质遗产杰作) list. The government has tried its best to protect Kunqu Opera as well.”及“In 2008, to help students better understand the opera, Peking University...She says it’s her duty and love to spread Kunqu Opera to people all over the world.”可知，B选项文章并未提及，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“However, over 20 years ago, Kunqu Opera was in a very difficult situation...all led to its drop”及“The turning point came on May 18, 2001,”可知，2021年之前的发展是下降的，2021年迎来拐点，开始上升，只有A选项符合，故选A。 4．最佳标题题。根据“Thanks to all the efforts, Kunqu Opera has been walking into more people’s life.”及全文可知，本文介绍了昆曲，中国最受欢迎的艺术形式之一，被誉为“百戏之祖”。曾一度衰落，但经过联合国教科文组织和政府的保护，以及北京大学等高校的推广，昆曲重新焕发了生机，成为许多人的喜爱。所以C选项最为符合，故选C。 （2024·重庆綦江·一模）Good books can interest children and encourage them to learn. To help you choose the perfect educational book for your child, we’ve picked this list of the best science books for kids. A First Look at Time and Clocks Writer: Bruce Koscielniak; Price: US $8.55 Long ago people used the sun, the moon, and the water to tell time. Soon after we began using our knowledge about the natural world to build clocks and to create calendars made up of months and. years. Centuries later, we have clocks and calendars all around us. This book tells the amazing story of how it all happened! Welcome to the Museum Writer: Katie Scott; Price: US $8.99 This book opens the doors of the natural history museum for your child all year round! It introduces 200 full-color specimens (样本) with lively, rich text and more. Kids can discover the detail of the animal kingdom through drawings about science and art. The Truth Comes Out Writer: Laura Overdeck; Price: US $10.99 This book makes learning about math as fun as dessert after dinner! It connects math with cool facts for one fun and wild adventure. Now kids can discover the science behind all their favorite things: soda, ice cream, and more. With over 100 math problems on different kinds of topics, kids will find math isn’t just fun—it can be found everywhere! 1．What can kids learn in the book about time? A．The hard life of ancestors. B．The origin (起源) of the sun and the moon. C．The old ways to measure (测量) time. D．The wildlife in the natural world. 2．Which book can make numbers fun and easy? A．A First Look at Time and Clocks. B．The Truth Comes Out. C．Welcome to the Museum. D．None of them. 3．If a child wants to buy all of these books, how much does he have to pay? A．$17.54. B．$19.98. C．$19.54. D．$28.53. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文介绍了几本适合儿童的科学书籍。 1．推理判断题。根据“Long ago people used the sun, the moon, and the water to tell time.”可知，从关于时间的书里能学到古老的判断时间的方法。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“This book makes learning about math as fun as dessert after dinner!”可知，“The Truth Comes Out”这本书使得学习数学变得有趣。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据三本书的价格“US $8.55”；“$8.99”以及“$10.99”可知，买这三本书要28.53美元。故选D。 （23-24九年级·重庆江津·一模）①For the fourth year in a row, Finland (芬兰) came in first in World Happiness Report. This may be surprising to you as Finland is famous for its cold winters and short daylight. Then learn about the people’s life there and you may find the answer. ②In Finland, people’s life is comfortable. Many people grow up with the library. “The library is a main part of life for the people here,” Halsas, a tour guide in Finland, said. “They might do schoolwork there or just read. It’s a safe environment.” Perhaps the best example of this in practice is the Oodi Helsinki Central Library, which opened in 2018. The bright, open space has different areas. It was built to be not only a work space, but also a living room for the people. ③Finns love their saunas (桑拿浴), and almost every home or apartment has one. Finland has a population of about 5.5 million, and there are over 2 million saunas in the country. “There are more saunas than cars here. In the summertime, I go every day,” Halsas said. Taking saunas is quite good for physical health, such as improving heart health and more. But the best reason to go? It is relaxing. ④People also love exploring the outdoors, from their 40 national parks to different islands. So the life of Finland is healthy. It’s no wonder the population loves to go hiking or biking—the landscape (风景) is fantastic. “There is a lot of nature to enjoy and even private lands are open to everyone,” Halsas said. In winter, life doesn’t change too much from summertime because Finns get used to the cold and still get around on bicycles. To them, winter just means more activities, such as ice skating, cross-country skiing and dog sledding (雪橇). 1．What is Finland famous for? A．Warm spring and beautiful sunshine. B．Cold winters and short daylight. C．Comfortable saunas. D．Small population. 2．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．The cold winters in Finland. B．The daylight in Finland. C．Finland is famous around the world. D．Finland became the world’s happiest country again. 3．What’s people’s life in Finland like? A．Unhappy, dangerous and lonely. B．Comfortable, exciting but difficult. C．Comfortable, relaxing and healthy. D．Interesting, wonderful but dangerous. 4．What’s the best structure of the passage? A．①/②③④ B．①/②/③④ C．①/②③/④ D．①②/③④ 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了芬兰再次荣登世界幸福指数榜首的原因，并且介绍了芬兰人在冬天的生活。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This may be surprising to you as Finland is famous for its cold winters and short daylight.”可知，芬兰以其寒冷的冬天和短暂的白天而闻名。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“For the fourth year in a row, Finland (芬兰) came in first in World Happiness Report. This may be surprising to you as Finland is famous for its cold winters and short daylight.”可知，芬兰连续第四年在《世界幸福报告》中排名第一，这可能会让你感到惊讶，因为芬兰以其寒冷的冬天和短暂的白天而闻名，所以划线词指代芬兰再次成为世界上最幸福的国家这件事情。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In Finland, people’s life is comfortable.”、第三段中的“Taking saunas is quite good for physical health, such as improving heart health and more. But the best reason to go? It is relaxing.”以及第四段中的“So the life of Finland is healthy.”可知，芬兰人的生活是舒适、放松和健康的。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段通过芬兰再次荣登世界幸福指数榜首这件事情来引出下文，第二到第四段分别介绍了芬兰人们的生活，所以A项正确。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$