专题05 阅读还原15篇（广州中考真题+中考模拟）-备战2025年中考英语语法+题型练习(中考真题+中考模拟)(广州专用)

专题05 阅读还原15篇 (广州中考真题+中考模拟) （2024·广东广州·中考真题）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Cave paintings are the oldest pictures. Some of them are almost 30, 000 years old. Many of these paintings show animals or hunting scenes (狩猎场景). They do not have written words on them. But when we look at them, we get an idea of the feelings the people had when drawing them. The paintings tell stories of hopes and fears. 1 Sometime between 4, 000 and 3, 000 BCE, the skill of writing was developed in Egypt and Mesopotamia. People cut texts on stones first. 2 But it was impossible to carry stones from place to place. The invention of papyrus (莎草纸) allowed documents to be moved easily. More than 3, 000 years ago, the ancient Chinese people cut words on bones and shells. These words are called jiaguwen. It is the writing system that has developed over thousands of years into today’s hanzi. People made the first books from papyrus and from thin animal skins. Around 105 CE, paper-making skill was improved after the invention of paper in China. 3 It was published in 868 CE. In the middle of the 15th century, the printing machine was invented in Germany. Since that time, a huge number of books have been printed worldwide. 4 Books will be around for many years, of course. But some people prefer reading electronic books. 5 Now you can buy your books whenever you want without having to leave the comfort of your home. A．They are easier to take with you when you travel. B．They are an early form of written communication. C．The world’s oldest known printed book is from China too. D．They are an early form of communication without reading and writing. E．For many people, reading in the library is one of life’s greatest pleasures. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了人类书写工具的发展过程。 1．根据“But when we look at them, we get an idea of the feelings the people had when drawing them. The paintings tell stories of hopes and fears”可知当我们观察它们时，我们会了解人们在绘制它们时的感受，这些画讲述了希望和恐惧的故事，这是当时的交流方式，选项D“它们是一种没有阅读和写作的早期交流形式”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“People cut texts on stones first.”可知人们先在石头上刻文字，选项B“它们是一种早期的书面交流形式”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据“paper-making skill was improved after the invention of paper in China”以及“It was published in 868 CE.”可知中国发明纸张后，造纸技术得到了提高，并出版了书，选项C“世界上已知最古老的印刷书籍也来自中国”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“Since that time, a huge number of books have been printed worldwide”可知从那时起，世界各地印刷了大量书籍，选项E“对许多人来说，在图书馆读书是生活中最大的乐趣之一”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据“But some people prefer reading electronic books.”可知有些人更喜欢阅读电子书，此处介绍电子书的优势，选项A“旅行时，它们更容易随身携带”符合语境。故选A。 （2023·广东广州·中考真题）Years ago, green was simply a color. Now it’s much more! In the 1970s, some people began to worry about what we did to mother Earth. 1 It is a big idea that touches governments all over the world, and a small idea that touches us all in our homes. Architects (建筑师) and building engineers are thinking about how to make buildings greener. These days, green architecture is becoming more and more popular. 2 We need to be very careful about the materials (材料) we use. It is better to choose renewable materials-those that the Earth replaces quickly. 3 Also, for those materials that are not renewable, we need to use them as little as possible. Our mother Earth has offered us many other possibilities, such as wind and solar power. Planners must think about the needs of those who will spend time in green buildings. In many cases, green energy is more comfortable for people. 4 Natural lighting is often kinder to the eyes than electric lighting. In fact, many people who live or work in green buildings report feeling happier and healthier. 5 For example, they might try to use as little land as possible. If a building covers a large area, there will be less space for plants and trees. They also have to think about cutting down waste and pollution while the building work is going on. Although green buildings are more expensive to build, they are less expensive to run. A．Or we can reuse some materials. B．As a result, green thinking was born. C．To understand it, we have to look at three different areas. D．For example, natural wind brings people cleaner and fresher air. E．Architects must consider what the building will do to the environment. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文主要介绍绿色建筑。 1．根据“It is a big idea that touches governments all over the world, and a small idea that touches us all in our homes.”可知此处介绍了一个想法，大到影响全世界的政府，小到影响我们每个人的家，结合下文可知与绿色相关。故选项B“因此，绿色思维诞生了”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据“We need to be very careful about the materials (材料) we use.”及下文可知此处介绍了绿色建筑需要考虑的事情，如使用的材料等。故选项C“为了理解它，我们不得不看到三个区域”符合语境，故选C。 3．根据“It is better to choose renewable materials-those that the Earth replaces quickly. ”可知此处介绍的是可再生的材料，接下来也应是类似的绿色材料。故选项A“或者我们可以重复使用一些材料”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据“In many cases, green energy is more comfortable for people.”可知此处介绍的是绿色能源，故选项D“例如，自然风带给人们更干净和更清新的空气”符合语境，故选D。 5．根据“For example, they might try to use as little land as possible. If a building covers a large area, there will be less space for plants and trees. They also have to think about cutting down waste and pollution while the building work is going on.”可知此处介绍的是绿色建筑对环境方面的考虑，故选项E“建筑师必须考虑建筑对环境的影响”符合语境，故选E。 （2022·广东广州·中考真题）We all know that exercise is good for us, don’t we? 1 Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up! However, did you know that exercise is not all about doing sport? 2 Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling. Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier. Moreover, regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily. Finally, if we connect our exercise with a healthy diet, we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves. Sounds like a good deal, doesn’t it? 3 If exercise hasn’t been part of your life for a long time, there is no point training for a marathon（马拉松）: you will soon give up and go back to your old ways! Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit. Choose an activity that not only exercises your body, but that you also enjoy. Some people simply go jogging while listening to their favourite music. Others take up activities such as dancing or playing basketball with their friends. Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out. 4 It doesn’t matter how much we exercise. Doing regular exercise isn’t just about appearance. 5 Who wouldn’t want that? A．Start small! B．That way, you’ll never give it up! C．It’s about being healthier and feeling happier. D．For a start, exercise is not just about the body. E．But we also know that not everybody loves doing it. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文讲述做锻炼的好处，讲述锻炼应从小的方面着手，做让人享受的运动，这样才能让人更健康更开心。 1．根据“Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up”可知，跑或者游泳很长一段路会让人想躺倒放弃，可知讲述锻炼对人有好处，但是不是每个人都会喜欢。E选项“但是我们也知道不是每个人都喜欢做这件事”符合。故选E。 2．根据“Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling”及“Moreover, regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily”可知，身体的运动引起人的大脑的变化，帮助人感觉更新鲜更容易睡着，可知讲述除了身体，锻炼对人其他方面的影响。D选项“首先，锻炼不只是关于身体方面的”符合。故选D。 3．根据“give up and go back to your old ways”及“Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit”可知，每天走路骑自行车十分钟是形成锻炼习惯的好方法，这样人不会放弃，可知句子讲述应从小的方面着手。A选项“从小的方面开始”符合。故选A。 4．根据“Choose an activity that not only exercises your body, but that you also enjoy”及“Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out”可知，选择的锻炼活动不仅能有益于身体，而且让人享受。可知句子讲述让人享受的运动对人的益处。B选项“那样的话，你就永不会放弃”符合。故选B。 5．根据“Doing regular exercise isn’t just about appearance”可知，有规律的锻炼不只是关于外表，根据前文讲述对人其他方面的益处，以及锻炼让人享受，可推断，句子讲述锻炼更多的是让人健康让人开心。C选项“是关于更健康和感觉更开心”符合。故选C。 （2024·广东广州·二模）阅读短文及文后A～E选项，选出可以填入1～5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Oscar Wilde once said, “Man is least himself when he talks in his own person. Give him a mask, and he will tell you the truth.” Art provides a way to communicate experiences when people have difficulty expressing themselves with words. 1 Art therapy (疗法) is built on the belief that everyone is creative and has the ability for self-expression. 2 As a practice to help you become healthier it allows people to express themselves by drawing and painting without saying anything. Even a 30-minute creative activity can change a person’s mental state (精神状态). Working with an experienced doctor of art therapy does even more. 3 Young children usually draw and sing and dance without worrying about their abilities. Adults, however, are often more worried about art and art making. They begin to worry about the quality of their art instead of self-expression itself. 4 However, art therapists can guide people in expressing themselves without concerning whether their artwork is technically fantastic, so that they can connect or reconnect with the artworks that help them deal with life challenges. What are art therapy’s superpower? It can lead and change dangerous thoughts into imaginative artworks. For example, people who are physically more likely to use violence (暴力) might let out their anger by hitting another human being. 5 These artistic choices satisfy the brain’s strong wish for new things without hurting personal safety. A．It can greatly improve people’s feelings and well-being. B．Art therapy, in its own ways, can make a difference to our health. C．Art has been developed as an expressive skill for solving problems. D．As a result, the many advantages of creative self-expression are lost. E．However with art therapy’s help, their energy could be changed into creative products. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文主要介绍了“艺术疗法”。 1．根据“Art provides a way to communicate experiences when people have difficulty expressing themselves with words.”和“Art therapy (疗法) is built on the belief that everyone is creative and has the ability for self-expression.”可知，当人们难以用语言表达自己时，艺术提供了一种交流经验的方式。艺术疗法建立在每个人都有创造力和自我表达能力的信念之上。由此可知空处和“艺术与表达的关系”有关，C选项“艺术已经发展成为一种解决问题的表达技巧”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据该段后文“As a practice to help you become healthier it allows people to express themselves by  ... mental state (精神状态) ...”可知，该段内容和“艺术疗法与健康的关系”有关，B选项“艺术疗法，以其自身的方式，可以对我们的健康产生影响”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据“Working with an experienced doctor of art therapy does even more.”可知，与经验丰富的艺术治疗医生合作会做得更多。由此可知空处和“与艺术治疗医生合作的益处”有关，A选项“它可以极大地改善人们的感受和健康”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“They begin to worry about the quality of their art instead of self-expression itself.”可知，他们开始担心艺术的质量，而不是自我表达本身。由此可知此处和“这种担忧的后果”有关，D选项“结果，创造性自我表达的许多优势都丧失了”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据“It can lead and change dangerous thoughts into imaginative artworks. For example, people who are physically more likely to use violence (暴力) might let out their anger by hitting another human being.”可知，它可以将危险的思想引导并转化为富有想象力的艺术品。例如，身体上更容易使用暴力的人可能会通过殴打他人来发泄他们的愤怒。由此可知空处和“艺术疗法在此例子中的运用”有关，E选项“然而，在艺术疗法的帮助下，他们的能量可以转化为创造性的产品”符合语境。故选E。 （2024·广东广州·一模）阅读下面短文，根据短文意思，选出可以填入空格的选项。 Getting into high school is a big step for many junior school students. It’s the first time you’re living away from home and managing your own life. 1 You have to learn more subjects, meet different people and even wash your clothes by hand. The following tips will make you better prepared for the challenges. Take part in welcome events. Most high schools host welcome events before the new term begins, including welcome parties, picnics, concerts and so on. 2 You may get a chance to talk with your teachers and other senior students. They may tell you the history of your school, what students do for fun, and what their favorite classes are. 3 Take some time to check out the buildings where your classes will be held. This will stop you from getting lost in the first few days of attending classes. And after sometime, it is also important to know where the other school buildings are, such as the lab building, the library and the gym. Get used to a new routine. 4 Different from your timetable in junior school, classes start early and end late in high school. So don’t get too excited about all of the fun things in the new term. It’s a great idea to start getting used to that routine. What helps you most is to plan your sleep. 5 Life in high school is exciting and challenging. Following these tips can help you enjoy yourself in it. A．Remember that you do have a pretty big change coming up. B．It will make sure you have energy to stay wide awake in classes. C．It comes with a lot of challenges. D．Explore your school step by step. E．Through these activities, you can learn more about your high school. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了三个让高一新生更好地适应高中生活的建议。 1．根据下文“You have to learn more subjects, meet different people and even wash your clothes by hand.”可知，此处介绍了进入高中后会遇到的挑战，选项C“它伴随着许多挑战。”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据上文“Most high schools host welcome events before the new term begins, including welcome parties, picnics, concerts and so on.”可知，此处提到了很多活动，选项E“通过这些活动，你可以更多地了解你的高中。”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据下文“Take some time to check out the buildings where your classes will be held...And after sometime, it is also important to know where the other school buildings are, such as the lab building, the library and the gym.”可知，此处讲的是要了解学校里各种建筑的位置，选项D“一步步探索你的学校。”符合语境，故选D。 4．根据下文“Different from your timetable in junior school, classes start early and end late in high school.”可知，此处说的是高中的作息时间和初中的作息时间不同，课开始得更早，结束得更晚，选项A“记住你即将有一个相当大的改变。”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据上文“What helps you most is to plan your sleep.”可知，空格处应说明为什么计划好睡眠对你的帮助最大，选项B“这将确保你有精力在课堂上保持清醒。”符合语境，故选B。 （2024·吉林长春·二模）If you live in a city or are visiting one, city hiking is a great way to help you know about the city. 1 This guide will give you everything you need to know about it. During the pandemic (流行病), city hiking became popular as people looked for safe outdoor spaces close to home. 2 Many cities had added more public outdoor spaces for residents (居民) to enjoy. 3 Whether you’re new to a city or a longtime resident, you can find new places to have fun at your favorite places. Another advantage of city hiking is the exercise. Walking through the city can help strengthen your heart and burn extra fat. Also, it will cheer you up and make you less stressed. How can you prepare for your city hikes? Firstly, plan your route (路线). Decide where you want to go. Secondly, check the weather. 4 As a result, you need to make sure the weather is fine when you’re hiking. What’s more, prepare a bag. You may need to bring things like a phone, water, money and sunglasses. Now you can plan the time and start your city hiking! However, while you’re having fun during the activity, avoid people or areas that make you feel unsafe. 5 选择恰当的句子补全短文，使文章内容完整、通顺。 A．You may wonder what city hiking is. B．Good weather is important for an enjoyable hike. C．There are many advantages of going on city hikes. D．Keep in mind that your safety is surely the most important. E．Since then, going on city hikes has stayed an important way to keep fit for city people. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了城市徒步旅行的好处以及准备工作。 1．根据“city hiking is a great way to help you know about the city”以及“This guide will give you everything you need to know about it.”可知，此处应介绍什么是城市徒步旅行。A选项“你可能想知道什么是城市徒步旅行。”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据“During the pandemic, city hiking became popular as people looked for safe outdoor spaces close to home.”可知，此处应表达城市徒步旅行很受人们的欢迎。E选项“从那以后，城市徒步旅行一直是城市人保持健康的重要方式。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“Whether you’re new to a city or a longtime resident, you can find new places to have fun at your favorite places. Another advantage of city hiking is the exercise.”可知，此处应介绍城市徒步旅行的好处。C选项“进行城市徒步旅行有很多好处。”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“As a result, you need to make sure the weather is fine when you’re hiking.”可知，此处应表达天气对城市徒步旅行很重要。B选项“好天气对愉快的徒步旅行很重要。”符合语境。故选B。 5．根据“However, while you’re having fun during the activity, avoid people or areas that make you feel unsafe.”可知，此处应表达进行城市徒步旅行要注意安全。D选项“请记住，你的安全肯定是最重要的。”符合语境。故选D。 （2024·广东广州·一模）Six children were in the hospital. They were very sick. The doctors checked them carefully but still couldn’t find the reason and didn’t know what to do. They had to call Dr. Richard Besser for help. 1 After Dr. Besser got to the hospital, he firstly tried to find the cause of the illness. He looked for germs (病菌) in the children’s bodies. In every child, Dr. Besser found the same type of the bacteria E. coli (大肠杆菌). 2 It showed him that this type of E. coli was very dangerous. Dr. Besser knew E. coli could move from animals to humans. Had the children touched animals that carried the bacteria? Besser found other E. coli cases in the area where the children lived. But it wasn’t enough, he should search more. 3 They had all eaten cheese, bread, apple juice, and fish. He then made a list of what healthy children in the area had eaten. They had eaten the cheese, bread and fish, but not the apple juice. Besser went to the factory where the apple juice was made. He saw many animals around the apple trees. He also saw the workers using dirty apples that had fallen on the ground. More importantly, he saw that the apples were not washed before the juice was made, and that the juice was not heated. 4 Besser then knew it was the apple juice that made the children sick. 5 The children got better and left the hospital. And what Besser learned that day now helps keep others safe. A．He then looked at the bacteria’s DNA． B．Besser’s E. coli case had a happy ending. C．These things would cause lots of bacteria. D．Besser then made a list of what the sick children had eaten. E．He is an expert who was good at dealing with strange illnesses. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了几个孩子生病了，Besser医生寻找出了病因，治愈了孩子并且保证了其他人的安全。 1．根据“They had to call Dr. Richard Besser for help”可知，空处应是介绍Richard Besser医生的信息，E项“他是一位擅长治疗怪病的专家。”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据“It showed him that this type of E. coli was very dangerous.”可知，Besser医生应是进行了某种操作，且和E. coli 有关，这样做了后得出了结果，A项“然后他观察了细菌的DNA。”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据“he should search more.”和“They had all eaten cheese, bread, apple juice, and fish. ”可知，空处应是说他研究了孩子们吃了什么东西，D项“Besser随后列出了患病儿童的饮食清单。”符合语境，故选D。 4．根据“More importantly, he saw that the apples were not washed before the juice was made, and that the juice was not heated”和“Besser then knew it was the apple juice that made the children sick.”可知，空处应是解释孩子们生病的原因，C项“这些东西会导致大量的细菌。”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据“The children got better and left the hospital. And what Besser learned that day now helps keep others safe.”可知，这个事件结果是好的，B项“Besser 的大肠杆菌病例有一个圆满的结局。”符合语境，故选B。 （2024·广东广州·一模）Growth mindset (成长型思维) is an idea that has got so much attention in psychology (心理学) and education. It is based on the belief that intelligence and abilities are not fixed, but can be developed and improved through effort. 1 There are plenty of advantages of having a growth mindset. People with a growth mindset are more likely to take risks and be creative. 2 What’s more, they regard mistakes as learning opportunities. When people believe that their abilities can be better, they can set goals and work towards them. 3 At first, it is important to focus on the process, rather than the outcome. This means that they should focus on the effort, rather than the results. 4 At last, it is important to celebrate successes, no matter how small they are. Above all, developing a growth mindset is necessary for students. 5 By facing challenges and solving problems with an open mind, students with a growth mindset can achieve their goals all around. A．How can students develop a growth mindset? B．Let’s get to know something about growth mindset. C．It can be a valuable tool for them to achieve success in life. D．Furthermore, they should accept different opinions and suggestions. E．They are also more likely to stick to their goals in the face of difficulties. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了成长型思维的概念、优点及学生们培养成长型思维的方法。 1．根据“Growth mindset (成长型思维) is an idea that has got so much attention in psychology (心理学) and education.”可知，本段总体介绍什么是成长型思维。选项B“让我们来了解一下成长型思维。”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“People with a growth mindset are more likely to take risks and be creative.”可知，此处介绍具有成长型思维的人具有什么品质和能力。选项E“他们也更有可能在困难面前坚持自己的目标。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“At first, it is important to focus on the process...”可知，本段介绍如何培养成长型思维。选项A“学生如何培养成长型思维？”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“At first, it is important to focus on the process... At last, it is important to celebrate successes, no matter how small they are.”可知，此处介绍培养成长型思维的具体方法。选项D“此外，他们应该接受不同的意见和建议。”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据“Above all, developing a growth mindset is necessary for students.”可知，此处介绍学生们培养成长型思维的好处。选项C“它可以成为他们在生活中取得成功的宝贵工具。”符合语境。故选C。 （2024九年级·广州·一模）阅读短文及文后的A～E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Some believe that people are either smart or dumb. And if they are smart, everything is easy for them. 1 But they can improve the skills they have and develop new ones. What’s your opinion? In fact, this is related to one’s mindset (思维模式). Dr. Carol Dweck, a psychology professor at Stanford University, has discovered that people with a fixed mindset solve problems in a much different way from those with a growth mindset. Dr. Dweck found people with a fixed mindset care about grades. When they make mistakes, they think it means they’re not smart. 2 They’re afraid of challenges, because if they don’t do well, they may look dumb. People with a growth mindset, on the other hand, care about learning, not grades. They learn from mistakes by trying different ways to solve problems or asking for help. 3 They discovered that students with a growth mindset do better in math; those with a fixed mindset do worse. Why? Kids with both mindsets do well in primary school, but middle school math is much harder. So while the growth-mindset kids accept the challenge and work harder, the fixed-mindset kids may just give up. 4 But Dweck’s team discovered something even more important than that. They found that, with some work, kids can choose to have a growth mindset and do better in school. Everyone has some of each type of mindset. 5 When you hear your fixed mindset voice telling you that you’re dumb, or that you’ll look stupid if you ask for help, or that learning a new skill is hard, talk back to it! Then you really can get smarter by working hard, practicing and challenging yourself! A．As a result, their grades drop. B．They also care about how smart they look. C．Some hold the belief that not everyone can become a genius. D．They are just like two kinds of voices in your head. E．Dweck and her team did a research among middle school students. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．E 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了斯坦福大学的心理学教授Carol Dweck博士发现，固定心态的人与成长心态的人解决问题的方式大不相同。 1．根据“Some believe that people are either smart or dumb.”可知，有些人是聪明的，有些人是愚蠢的，因此不是每个人都是天才，C项“有些人认为不是每个人都能成为天才。”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据“When they make mistakes, they think it means they’re not smart.”可知，当他们犯错了，他们认为这意味着他们不聪明，因此他们在乎自己是否聪明，B项“他们还在乎自己看起来有多聪明。”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据“They discovered that students with a growth mindset do better in math; those with a fixed mindset do worse.”可知，他们有发现，应是他们做了研究，E项“德韦克和她的团队在中学生中做了一项研究。”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据“So while the growth-mindset kids accept the challenge and work harder, the fixed-mindset kids may just give up.”可知，固定心态的孩子放弃了，不努力学习，因此他们的成绩会下降，A项“结果，他们的成绩下降了。”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据“When you hear your fixed mindset voice telling you that you’re dumb, or that you’ll look stupid if you ask for help, or that learning a new skill is hard, talk back to it!”可知，你脑子里有每种心态的声音，D项“它们就像你脑子里的两种声音。”符合语境，故选D。 （2023·广东广州·二模）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入空白处的最往选项。 A proverb is a short, well-known saying that expresses a common truth or belief. Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old. In American history, Benjamin Franklin was a scientist, inventor and writer as well as a leader of the American Revolution. 1 . Franklin wrote a book called Poor Richard’s Almanac. 2 Some of them are still used today, like this one: “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.” Franklin is also remembered for other proverbs like, “A penny saved is a penny earned.” 3 Here are other examples of proverbs that Americans use. The first ones are about love. Some people say, “All is fair in love and war.” They mean that anything you do in a relationship or in battle is acceptable. 4 In other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person. Here is another popular saying about love: “The way to a man’s heart is through his stomach.” Some people believe that a woman can win a man’s love if she prepares his favorite food. “ 5 ” This proverb is true in love and war or other situations. It means that what you do is more important than what you say. We have to stop here, so we must say, “All good things must come to an end.” A．Actions speak louder than words. B．He was also famous for his proverbs. C．Another proverb says “Love is blind.” D．This means that money should not be wasted. E．It included many proverbs that he had heard or created. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了谚语的含义，来历和广泛应用。 1．根据“Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old.”和“Benjamin Franklin was a scientist, inventor and writer as well as a leader of the American Revolution.”可知，此处应将“Proverbs”和“Benjamin Franklin”联系起来，选项C“他也因为他的谚语而出名”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“Franklin wrote a book called Poor Richard’s Almanac”和“Some of them are still used today, like this one: ‘Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy,wealthy and wise.’”可知，此处应是说这本书和谚语的关系，选项E“它包含了许多他曾经听过或创作的谚语”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“A penny saved is a penny earned”可知，此处应是与钱有关系，选项D“这意味着钱不应该被浪费”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据“In other words”可知此处应是“when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person”的同义句，选项C“另一句谚语说：‘爱情是盲目的’”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据“It means that what you do is more important than what you say.”可知，此处应是表达“你所做的比你所说的更重要”之意的谚语，选项A“行动胜于雄辩”符合语境。故选A。 （2023·广东广州·二模）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 How to mend a broken friendship? It may be hard, but fixing a broken friendship will make it even stronger than before. Here are some tips that will be useful. Be the one to reach out before the other. 1 Let it be you this time. It will show them that you want to be friends again, and you’re serious about resolving things. Think about how you can reach them, you may need to try a few different ways to get in touch. 2 If your friend refuses to see or speak with you, or visiting them in person isn’t a choice, you may want to just back off for a while. Your friend wants space and that should be respected. Use the time to reflect on the situation and prepare what you want to say. Don’t push your friend if it’s clear they want space. It will only upset them and make them annoyed with you. Talk about the problem honestly and openly. Explain how you feel and be honest about it. Then ask them to do the same. Let them talk for as long as they need to. Really listen and don’t interrupt（打断）them. 3 Apologize to them and accept their apology. Even if you didn’t do anything and you believe the situation is their fault, opening with an apology. You could say “I’m really sorry things have gotten to this point. I want things to be better between us.” If you did wrong in some way, apologize to them sincerely. 4 Avoid restarting an argument. It’s important that you don’t say or do anything hurtful during this conversation. 5 so do your best to keep things peaceful. If things get heated, don’t allow them to become worse. A．Respect your friend’s need for space. B．If they apologize to you, accept their apology. C．Argument will only further damage the friendship and make things worse. D．If you aren’t talking to each other, someone will have to make the first move. E．This way you both get to tell your side of the story and get everything out on the table. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何修复一段破碎的友谊。 1．根据“Be the one to reach out before the other.”可知，本段建议是做一个先去和对方接触，交朋友的人。选项D“如果你们不互相交谈，就必须有人先采取行动。”符合题意，故选D。 2．根据“If your friend refuses to see or speak with you, or visiting them in person isn’t a choice, you may want to just back off for a while. Your friend wants space and that should be respected. Use the time to reflect on the situation and prepare what you want to say. Don’t push your friend if it’s clear they want space. It will only upset them and make them annoyed with you.”可知，在朋友不想交流时，要给对方想要的空间，故建议应该尊重对方，给对方相应的空间。选项A“尊重你朋友对空间的需求。”符合题意，故选A。 3．根据“Talk about the problem honestly and openly.”和“Let them talk for as long as they need to. Really listen and don’t interrupt（打断）them.”可知，此段建议开诚布公地谈论问题，选项E“通过这种方式，你们都可以讲述自己的故事，并把一切都摆在桌面上。”符合题意，故选E。 4．根据“Apologize to them and accept their apology.”可知，本段建议向他们道歉并接受他们的道歉。选项B“如果他们向你道歉，就接受他们的道歉。”符合题意，故选B。 5．根据“Avoid restarting an argument.”可知，本段建议要避免再次争论，选项C“争论只会进一步损害友谊，使事情变得更糟。”符合题意，故选C。 （2023·广东广州·二模）“Will plants grow on the Moon?” For years, scientists keep trying to find the answer to this question. Luckily, with their great effort, the answer turns out to be “Yes.” 1 Scientists from University of Florida made this great discovery. 2 They planted thale cress, a small flowering plant, then added water, nutrients and light, and recorded the results. At first, the scientists weren’t sure if the seeds would grow. But nearly all of them did. Scientists were amazed with the result. 3 The good news was almost all seeds grew. But after the first week, they grew slowly. Most plants ended up small and not fully developed. Scientists also found that the longer the soil was on the Moon, the worse the plants seemed to grow. The moon soil, staying for several billion years long, was the least helpful for growth. 4 Only 382 kilograms of moon rocks and soil were brought back by the astronauts that landed on the moon. 5 The scientists hope to reuse the soil later, planting more thale cress before possibly moving on to other plants. “Growing plants is a big step forward. The next step is to go and grow plants on the moon.” a scientist said. A．Twelve grams of the soil was given for the planting experiment. B．So a new method might be to use younger moon soil. C．Scientists have grown plants in moon soil, a first in history. D．As time went on, scientists made more discoveries. E．They did a simple experiment to grow plants in moon soil. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了在月球土壤中种植植物。 1．根据“For years, scientists keep trying to find the answer to this question. Luckily, with their great effort, the answer turns out to be ‘Yes.’”可知说的是首次在月球土壤中种植植物。选项C“科学家们在月球土壤中种植植物，这在历史上尚属首次。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“They planted thale cress, a small flowering plant, then added water, nutrients and light, and recorded the results.”可知说的是实验种植植物。选项E“他们做了一个简单的实验，在月球土壤中种植植物。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“The good news was almost all seeds grew. But after the first week, they grew slowly. Most plants ended up small and not fully developed.”可知说的是新的发现。选项D“随着时间的推移，科学家们有了更多的发现。”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据“Scientists also found that the longer the soil was on the Moon, the worse the plants seemed to grow. The moon soil, staying for several billion years long, was the least helpful for growth.”可知说的是土壤的时间。选项B“因此，一种新的方法可能是使用较年轻的月球土壤。”符合语境。故选B。 5．根据“Only 382 kilograms of moon rocks and soil were brought back by the astronauts that landed on the moon.”和“The scientists hope to reuse the soil later, planting more thale cress before possibly moving on to other plants.”可知说的是用土壤做种植实验。选项A“为种植试验提供了12克土壤。”符合语境。故选A。 （2023·广东广州·一模）阅读短文及文后A—E选项，选出可以填入1—5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Climate change is one of the biggest challenges we’re facing. Human activity over the last 200 years has meant that we’re standing on the brink(边缘) of an environmental disaster. Yet we’re told that there are still things we can do to protect the planet. 1 Drive less often 2 Instead of driving to your workplace, take public transportation, walk, skate, or ride a bike. Not only are they good for the planet, but they’re also good for your health. Depending on the weather, you may enjoy this new trip mode even more than sitting in traffic. 3 Though it may seem unimportant in the whole wide world, your shopping habits can actually influence our environment. By selling and buying gently used clothes online, more resources will be saved. Some studies have shown that online shopping is better for the environment. 4 Change your diet What we eat can have a great effect on the environment. 5 They also create a lot of methane(甲烷), a greenhouse gas. Additionally, food shipped from overseas uses a lot more resources than local produce. By eating fewer animal products, especially red meat and shopping for locally-grown food, you can make a big difference. The Earth is a fine place and worth fighting for. Do something every day that will improve your surroundings to make the planet a better place to live in. A．Make travelling carbon-clever. B．Reuse and recycle your clothing. C．Let’s take a look at what steps you can take. D．For example, meat and dairy products require a lot of land to produce. E．Because it takes about 30% less resources to sell products than offline. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．E 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在日常生活中我们可以通过“少开车”、“回收衣物”和“改变饮食”来保护环境。 1．根据前一句“Yet we’re told that there are still things we can do to protect the planet.”可知，然而，我们被告知，我们仍然可以做一些事情来保护地球。所以该空与“保护地球的措施”有关，C选项“让我们看看您可以采取哪些步骤。”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据小标题“Drive less often”和后一句“Instead of driving to your workplace, take public transportation, walk, skate, or ride a bike.”可知，少开车，与其开车去上班，不如乘坐公共交通工具、散步、滑冰或骑自行车。所以该空与“出行方式”有关，A选项“让旅行变得低碳。”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据该段“Though it may seem unimportant in the whole wide world, your shopping habits can actually influence our environment. By selling and buying gently used clothes online, more resources will be saved.”可知，购物习惯实际上会影响环境，通过在网上销售和购买二手衣服，可以节省更多的资源。所以该空与“衣服”有关，B选项“重复使用和回收你的衣服”符合语境，故选B。 4．根据前一句“Some studies have shown that online shopping is better for the environment.”可知，一些研究表明，网上购物对环境更有利。所以该空与“网上购物”有关，E选项“因为线上销售比线下少消耗30%的资源。”符合语境，故选E。 5．根据前一句“What we eat can have a great effect on the environment.”可知，我们吃的东西对环境有很大的影响。所以该空与“饮食对环境的影响”有关，D选项“例如，肉类和乳制品需要大量的土地来生产。”符合语境，故选D。 （2023·广东广州·一模）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入1~5各题空白处的最佳选项。 Workers at the Marine Biological Association (MBA) in England were surprised when a letter to “George Parker Bidder” arrived at their offices. They couldn’t understand why someone was writing to their former president, who had been dead for more than 60 years. It became clearer when the letter was opened. Inside, there was an old postcard. On one side was a series of questions about how the postcard had been discovered. 1 The postcard was from a bottle dropped into the North Sea more than a century earlier. It was one of just over 1,000 bottles that Bidder had thrown into the sea as part of a study on the movement of water. 2 They were picked up by fishermen or by people walking along the beach, who then sent the postcards inside them back to Bidder. 3 It’s possible that some of the bottles with the postcards had broken. But somehow, the bottle with the recently returned postcard had remained in the sea for over a hundred years. It seems that it finally found its way to a sandy beach on an island. 4 After breaking the bottle open, she filled out the postcard and sent it off to the MBA, not realizing she was posting a message from the distant past. Unluckily, the old postcard shows nothing new about the movement of water. All it tells the workers is where it was dropped and where it was found. 5 A．What happened in between remains a secret! B．However, about 400 bottles had probably got lost. C．It was then picked up by a woman on holiday there. D．On the other were directions on how to mail it back. E．Many bottles were discovered within four years of this experiment. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲一个多世纪前作为一项关于水运动的研究的一部分，Bidder向海里扔的1000多个瓶子，其中一个瓶子在他死后六十多年被发现了。 1．根据“On one side was a series of questions about how the postcard had been discovered.”可知提到了一边的情况，接下来要讲另一边，D项“另一边是如何寄回的指示。”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“They were picked up by fishermen or by people walking along the beach, who then sent the postcards inside them back to Bidder.”可知此处介绍瓶子被发现的情况，E项“在这个实验的四年内发现了许多瓶子。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“It’s possible that some of the bottles with the postcards had broken.”可知此处解释有些瓶子没被找回，B项“然而，大约有400个瓶子丢失了。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“After breaking the bottle open, she filled out the postcard and sent it off to the MBA, not realizing she was posting a message from the distant past.”可知此处介绍有位女士见到了这个瓶子，C项“然后它被一个在那里度假的女人捡到了。”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据“All it tells the workers is where it was dropped and where it was found.”可知只知道被丢下去和被找到的地方，中间发生的事情无从知晓，A项“中间发生的事情仍然是个秘密！”故选A。 （2023·广东广州·一模）阅读短文及文后A~E选项选出可以填入1~5各题空白处的最佳选项。 During summer vacation, I went on a three-day camping expedition(远足). We had to carry all of our own clothes and food as well as tents cooking pots and first aid kits. On the first day, our instructor taught us how to read maps. 1 However walking with a 13-kg backpack under the burning sun was not the most ideal situation. Each of us had to carry two liters of water to drink as well. 2 My group set off at 9:00 a.m. full of confidence but soon found ourselves lost on a farm! Luckily, each group had a tracker(跟踪器) that allowed our instructors to see where we were. 3 We finally got to camp at 7 p.m. Having walked 25 km over 10 hours, my body was aching. The third day was a bit easier. 4 You couldn’t imagine how excited we were although we were very exhausted. 5 It is not just about learning to read maps but also teamwork and how to deal with emergency situations. It pushed me to achieve something I never thought I could do and gave me important life experience. A．I learned so much from this expedition. B．It’s not too difficult to understand the maps. C．We were quickly found and got back on the right path. D．On the second day, we had to find our own way to the next campsite. E．We successfully made it back to the car park where our coach was waiting. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者参加野营远足的经历。 1．根据“On the first day, our instructor taught us how to read maps.”可知，此处内容与看地图相关，选项B“看懂这些地图并不太难。”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据“On the first day, our instructor taught us how to read maps.”和“The third day was a bit easier.”可知，此处介绍第二天的情况，选项D“第二天，我们不得不自己找去下一个营地的路。”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据“Luckily, each group had a tracker(跟踪器) that allowed our instructors to see where we were.”可知，幸运的是，每个小组都有一个跟踪器，让我们的指导员知道我们在哪里。选项C“我们很快就被找到了，并回到了正确的道路上。”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据“The third day was a bit easier. ... You couldn’t imagine how excited we were although we were very exhausted.”可知，第三天比较容易一些，虽然很累，但是很兴奋。选项E“我们成功地回到了停车场，我们的指导员在那里等着。”符合语境，故选E。 5．根据“It is not just about learning to read maps but also teamwork and how to deal with emergency situations. It pushed me to achieve something I never thought I could do and gave me important life experience.”可知，这不仅仅是学习看地图，还包括团队合作和如何处理紧急情况。它促使我实现了我从未想过自己能做到的事情，给了我重要的人生经验。这些都是在远足中学到的，选项A“我从这次远足中学到了很多。”符合语境，故选A。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 阅读还原15篇 (广州中考真题+中考模拟) （2024·广东广州·中考真题）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Cave paintings are the oldest pictures. Some of them are almost 30, 000 years old. Many of these paintings show animals or hunting scenes (狩猎场景). They do not have written words on them. But when we look at them, we get an idea of the feelings the people had when drawing them. The paintings tell stories of hopes and fears. 1 Sometime between 4, 000 and 3, 000 BCE, the skill of writing was developed in Egypt and Mesopotamia. People cut texts on stones first. 2 But it was impossible to carry stones from place to place. The invention of papyrus (莎草纸) allowed documents to be moved easily. More than 3, 000 years ago, the ancient Chinese people cut words on bones and shells. These words are called jiaguwen. It is the writing system that has developed over thousands of years into today’s hanzi. People made the first books from papyrus and from thin animal skins. Around 105 CE, paper-making skill was improved after the invention of paper in China. 3 It was published in 868 CE. In the middle of the 15th century, the printing machine was invented in Germany. Since that time, a huge number of books have been printed worldwide. 4 Books will be around for many years, of course. But some people prefer reading electronic books. 5 Now you can buy your books whenever you want without having to leave the comfort of your home. A．They are easier to take with you when you travel. B．They are an early form of written communication. C．The world’s oldest known printed book is from China too. D．They are an early form of communication without reading and writing. E．For many people, reading in the library is one of life’s greatest pleasures. （2023·广东广州·中考真题）Years ago, green was simply a color. Now it’s much more! In the 1970s, some people began to worry about what we did to mother Earth. 1 It is a big idea that touches governments all over the world, and a small idea that touches us all in our homes. Architects (建筑师) and building engineers are thinking about how to make buildings greener. These days, green architecture is becoming more and more popular. 2 We need to be very careful about the materials (材料) we use. It is better to choose renewable materials-those that the Earth replaces quickly. 3 Also, for those materials that are not renewable, we need to use them as little as possible. Our mother Earth has offered us many other possibilities, such as wind and solar power. Planners must think about the needs of those who will spend time in green buildings. In many cases, green energy is more comfortable for people. 4 Natural lighting is often kinder to the eyes than electric lighting. In fact, many people who live or work in green buildings report feeling happier and healthier. 5 For example, they might try to use as little land as possible. If a building covers a large area, there will be less space for plants and trees. They also have to think about cutting down waste and pollution while the building work is going on. Although green buildings are more expensive to build, they are less expensive to run. A．Or we can reuse some materials. B．As a result, green thinking was born. C．To understand it, we have to look at three different areas. D．For example, natural wind brings people cleaner and fresher air. E．Architects must consider what the building will do to the environment. （2022·广东广州·中考真题）We all know that exercise is good for us, don’t we? 1 Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up! However, did you know that exercise is not all about doing sport? 2 Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling. Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier. Moreover, regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily. Finally, if we connect our exercise with a healthy diet, we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves. Sounds like a good deal, doesn’t it? 3 If exercise hasn’t been part of your life for a long time, there is no point training for a marathon（马拉松）: you will soon give up and go back to your old ways! Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit. Choose an activity that not only exercises your body, but that you also enjoy. Some people simply go jogging while listening to their favourite music. Others take up activities such as dancing or playing basketball with their friends. Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out. 4 It doesn’t matter how much we exercise. Doing regular exercise isn’t just about appearance. 5 Who wouldn’t want that? A．Start small! B．That way, you’ll never give it up! C．It’s about being healthier and feeling happier. D．For a start, exercise is not just about the body. E．But we also know that not everybody loves doing it. （2024·广东广州·二模）阅读短文及文后A～E选项，选出可以填入1～5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Oscar Wilde once said, “Man is least himself when he talks in his own person. Give him a mask, and he will tell you the truth.” Art provides a way to communicate experiences when people have difficulty expressing themselves with words. 1 Art therapy (疗法) is built on the belief that everyone is creative and has the ability for self-expression. 2 As a practice to help you become healthier it allows people to express themselves by drawing and painting without saying anything. Even a 30-minute creative activity can change a person’s mental state (精神状态). Working with an experienced doctor of art therapy does even more. 3 Young children usually draw and sing and dance without worrying about their abilities. Adults, however, are often more worried about art and art making. They begin to worry about the quality of their art instead of self-expression itself. 4 However, art therapists can guide people in expressing themselves without concerning whether their artwork is technically fantastic, so that they can connect or reconnect with the artworks that help them deal with life challenges. What are art therapy’s superpower? It can lead and change dangerous thoughts into imaginative artworks. For example, people who are physically more likely to use violence (暴力) might let out their anger by hitting another human being. 5 These artistic choices satisfy the brain’s strong wish for new things without hurting personal safety. A．It can greatly improve people’s feelings and well-being. B．Art therapy, in its own ways, can make a difference to our health. C．Art has been developed as an expressive skill for solving problems. D．As a result, the many advantages of creative self-expression are lost. E．However with art therapy’s help, their energy could be changed into creative products. （2024·广东广州·一模）阅读下面短文，根据短文意思，选出可以填入空格的选项。 Getting into high school is a big step for many junior school students. It’s the first time you’re living away from home and managing your own life. 1 You have to learn more subjects, meet different people and even wash your clothes by hand. The following tips will make you better prepared for the challenges. Take part in welcome events. Most high schools host welcome events before the new term begins, including welcome parties, picnics, concerts and so on. 2 You may get a chance to talk with your teachers and other senior students. They may tell you the history of your school, what students do for fun, and what their favorite classes are. 3 Take some time to check out the buildings where your classes will be held. This will stop you from getting lost in the first few days of attending classes. And after sometime, it is also important to know where the other school buildings are, such as the lab building, the library and the gym. Get used to a new routine. 4 Different from your timetable in junior school, classes start early and end late in high school. So don’t get too excited about all of the fun things in the new term. It’s a great idea to start getting used to that routine. What helps you most is to plan your sleep. 5 Life in high school is exciting and challenging. Following these tips can help you enjoy yourself in it. A．Remember that you do have a pretty big change coming up. B．It will make sure you have energy to stay wide awake in classes. C．It comes with a lot of challenges. D．Explore your school step by step. E．Through these activities, you can learn more about your high school. （2024·吉林长春·二模）If you live in a city or are visiting one, city hiking is a great way to help you know about the city. 1 This guide will give you everything you need to know about it. During the pandemic (流行病), city hiking became popular as people looked for safe outdoor spaces close to home. 2 Many cities had added more public outdoor spaces for residents (居民) to enjoy. 3 Whether you’re new to a city or a longtime resident, you can find new places to have fun at your favorite places. Another advantage of city hiking is the exercise. Walking through the city can help strengthen your heart and burn extra fat. Also, it will cheer you up and make you less stressed. How can you prepare for your city hikes? Firstly, plan your route (路线). Decide where you want to go. Secondly, check the weather. 4 As a result, you need to make sure the weather is fine when you’re hiking. What’s more, prepare a bag. You may need to bring things like a phone, water, money and sunglasses. Now you can plan the time and start your city hiking! However, while you’re having fun during the activity, avoid people or areas that make you feel unsafe. 5 选择恰当的句子补全短文，使文章内容完整、通顺。 A．You may wonder what city hiking is. B．Good weather is important for an enjoyable hike. C．There are many advantages of going on city hikes. D．Keep in mind that your safety is surely the most important. E．Since then, going on city hikes has stayed an important way to keep fit for city people. （2024·广东广州·一模）Six children were in the hospital. They were very sick. The doctors checked them carefully but still couldn’t find the reason and didn’t know what to do. They had to call Dr. Richard Besser for help. 1 After Dr. Besser got to the hospital, he firstly tried to find the cause of the illness. He looked for germs (病菌) in the children’s bodies. In every child, Dr. Besser found the same type of the bacteria E. coli (大肠杆菌). 2 It showed him that this type of E. coli was very dangerous. Dr. Besser knew E. coli could move from animals to humans. Had the children touched animals that carried the bacteria? Besser found other E. coli cases in the area where the children lived. But it wasn’t enough, he should search more. 3 They had all eaten cheese, bread, apple juice, and fish. He then made a list of what healthy children in the area had eaten. They had eaten the cheese, bread and fish, but not the apple juice. Besser went to the factory where the apple juice was made. He saw many animals around the apple trees. He also saw the workers using dirty apples that had fallen on the ground. More importantly, he saw that the apples were not washed before the juice was made, and that the juice was not heated. 4 Besser then knew it was the apple juice that made the children sick. 5 The children got better and left the hospital. And what Besser learned that day now helps keep others safe. A．He then looked at the bacteria’s DNA． B．Besser’s E. coli case had a happy ending. C．These things would cause lots of bacteria. D．Besser then made a list of what the sick children had eaten. E．He is an expert who was good at dealing with strange illnesses. （2024·广东广州·一模）Growth mindset (成长型思维) is an idea that has got so much attention in psychology (心理学) and education. It is based on the belief that intelligence and abilities are not fixed, but can be developed and improved through effort. 1 There are plenty of advantages of having a growth mindset. People with a growth mindset are more likely to take risks and be creative. 2 What’s more, they regard mistakes as learning opportunities. When people believe that their abilities can be better, they can set goals and work towards them. 3 At first, it is important to focus on the process, rather than the outcome. This means that they should focus on the effort, rather than the results. 4 At last, it is important to celebrate successes, no matter how small they are. Above all, developing a growth mindset is necessary for students. 5 By facing challenges and solving problems with an open mind, students with a growth mindset can achieve their goals all around. A．How can students develop a growth mindset? B．Let’s get to know something about growth mindset. C．It can be a valuable tool for them to achieve success in life. D．Furthermore, they should accept different opinions and suggestions. E．They are also more likely to stick to their goals in the face of difficulties. （2024九年级·广州·一模）阅读短文及文后的A～E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Some believe that people are either smart or dumb. And if they are smart, everything is easy for them. 1 But they can improve the skills they have and develop new ones. What’s your opinion? In fact, this is related to one’s mindset (思维模式). Dr. Carol Dweck, a psychology professor at Stanford University, has discovered that people with a fixed mindset solve problems in a much different way from those with a growth mindset. Dr. Dweck found people with a fixed mindset care about grades. When they make mistakes, they think it means they’re not smart. 2 They’re afraid of challenges, because if they don’t do well, they may look dumb. People with a growth mindset, on the other hand, care about learning, not grades. They learn from mistakes by trying different ways to solve problems or asking for help. 3 They discovered that students with a growth mindset do better in math; those with a fixed mindset do worse. Why? Kids with both mindsets do well in primary school, but middle school math is much harder. So while the growth-mindset kids accept the challenge and work harder, the fixed-mindset kids may just give up. 4 But Dweck’s team discovered something even more important than that. They found that, with some work, kids can choose to have a growth mindset and do better in school. Everyone has some of each type of mindset. 5 When you hear your fixed mindset voice telling you that you’re dumb, or that you’ll look stupid if you ask for help, or that learning a new skill is hard, talk back to it! Then you really can get smarter by working hard, practicing and challenging yourself! A．As a result, their grades drop. B．They also care about how smart they look. C．Some hold the belief that not everyone can become a genius. D．They are just like two kinds of voices in your head. E．Dweck and her team did a research among middle school students. （2023·广东广州·二模）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入空白处的最往选项。 A proverb is a short, well-known saying that expresses a common truth or belief. Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old. In American history, Benjamin Franklin was a scientist, inventor and writer as well as a leader of the American Revolution. 1 . Franklin wrote a book called Poor Richard’s Almanac. 2 Some of them are still used today, like this one: “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.” Franklin is also remembered for other proverbs like, “A penny saved is a penny earned.” 3 Here are other examples of proverbs that Americans use. The first ones are about love. Some people say, “All is fair in love and war.” They mean that anything you do in a relationship or in battle is acceptable. 4 In other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person. Here is another popular saying about love: “The way to a man’s heart is through his stomach.” Some people believe that a woman can win a man’s love if she prepares his favorite food. “ 5 ” This proverb is true in love and war or other situations. It means that what you do is more important than what you say. We have to stop here, so we must say, “All good things must come to an end.” A．Actions speak louder than words. B．He was also famous for his proverbs. C．Another proverb says “Love is blind.” D．This means that money should not be wasted. E．It included many proverbs that he had heard or created. （2023·广东广州·二模）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 How to mend a broken friendship? It may be hard, but fixing a broken friendship will make it even stronger than before. Here are some tips that will be useful. Be the one to reach out before the other. 1 Let it be you this time. It will show them that you want to be friends again, and you’re serious about resolving things. Think about how you can reach them, you may need to try a few different ways to get in touch. 2 If your friend refuses to see or speak with you, or visiting them in person isn’t a choice, you may want to just back off for a while. Your friend wants space and that should be respected. Use the time to reflect on the situation and prepare what you want to say. Don’t push your friend if it’s clear they want space. It will only upset them and make them annoyed with you. Talk about the problem honestly and openly. Explain how you feel and be honest about it. Then ask them to do the same. Let them talk for as long as they need to. Really listen and don’t interrupt（打断）them. 3 Apologize to them and accept their apology. Even if you didn’t do anything and you believe the situation is their fault, opening with an apology. You could say “I’m really sorry things have gotten to this point. I want things to be better between us.” If you did wrong in some way, apologize to them sincerely. 4 Avoid restarting an argument. It’s important that you don’t say or do anything hurtful during this conversation. 5 so do your best to keep things peaceful. If things get heated, don’t allow them to become worse. A．Respect your friend’s need for space. B．If they apologize to you, accept their apology. C．Argument will only further damage the friendship and make things worse. D．If you aren’t talking to each other, someone will have to make the first move. E．This way you both get to tell your side of the story and get everything out on the table. （2023·广东广州·二模）“Will plants grow on the Moon?” For years, scientists keep trying to find the answer to this question. Luckily, with their great effort, the answer turns out to be “Yes.” 1 Scientists from University of Florida made this great discovery. 2 They planted thale cress, a small flowering plant, then added water, nutrients and light, and recorded the results. At first, the scientists weren’t sure if the seeds would grow. But nearly all of them did. Scientists were amazed with the result. 3 The good news was almost all seeds grew. But after the first week, they grew slowly. Most plants ended up small and not fully developed. Scientists also found that the longer the soil was on the Moon, the worse the plants seemed to grow. The moon soil, staying for several billion years long, was the least helpful for growth. 4 Only 382 kilograms of moon rocks and soil were brought back by the astronauts that landed on the moon. 5 The scientists hope to reuse the soil later, planting more thale cress before possibly moving on to other plants. “Growing plants is a big step forward. The next step is to go and grow plants on the moon.” a scientist said. A．Twelve grams of the soil was given for the planting experiment. B．So a new method might be to use younger moon soil. C．Scientists have grown plants in moon soil, a first in history. D．As time went on, scientists made more discoveries. E．They did a simple experiment to grow plants in moon soil. （2023·广东广州·一模）阅读短文及文后A—E选项，选出可以填入1—5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Climate change is one of the biggest challenges we’re facing. Human activity over the last 200 years has meant that we’re standing on the brink(边缘) of an environmental disaster. Yet we’re told that there are still things we can do to protect the planet. 1 Drive less often 2 Instead of driving to your workplace, take public transportation, walk, skate, or ride a bike. Not only are they good for the planet, but they’re also good for your health. Depending on the weather, you may enjoy this new trip mode even more than sitting in traffic. 3 Though it may seem unimportant in the whole wide world, your shopping habits can actually influence our environment. By selling and buying gently used clothes online, more resources will be saved. Some studies have shown that online shopping is better for the environment. 4 Change your diet What we eat can have a great effect on the environment. 5 They also create a lot of methane(甲烷), a greenhouse gas. Additionally, food shipped from overseas uses a lot more resources than local produce. By eating fewer animal products, especially red meat and shopping for locally-grown food, you can make a big difference. The Earth is a fine place and worth fighting for. Do something every day that will improve your surroundings to make the planet a better place to live in. A．Make travelling carbon-clever. B．Reuse and recycle your clothing. C．Let’s take a look at what steps you can take. D．For example, meat and dairy products require a lot of land to produce. E．Because it takes about 30% less resources to sell products than offline. （2023·广东广州·一模）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入1~5各题空白处的最佳选项。 Workers at the Marine Biological Association (MBA) in England were surprised when a letter to “George Parker Bidder” arrived at their offices. They couldn’t understand why someone was writing to their former president, who had been dead for more than 60 years. It became clearer when the letter was opened. Inside, there was an old postcard. On one side was a series of questions about how the postcard had been discovered. 1 The postcard was from a bottle dropped into the North Sea more than a century earlier. It was one of just over 1,000 bottles that Bidder had thrown into the sea as part of a study on the movement of water. 2 They were picked up by fishermen or by people walking along the beach, who then sent the postcards inside them back to Bidder. 3 It’s possible that some of the bottles with the postcards had broken. But somehow, the bottle with the recently returned postcard had remained in the sea for over a hundred years. It seems that it finally found its way to a sandy beach on an island. 4 After breaking the bottle open, she filled out the postcard and sent it off to the MBA, not realizing she was posting a message from the distant past. Unluckily, the old postcard shows nothing new about the movement of water. All it tells the workers is where it was dropped and where it was found. 5 A．What happened in between remains a secret! B．However, about 400 bottles had probably got lost. C．It was then picked up by a woman on holiday there. D．On the other were directions on how to mail it back. E．Many bottles were discovered within four years of this experiment. （2023·广东广州·一模）阅读短文及文后A~E选项选出可以填入1~5各题空白处的最佳选项。 During summer vacation, I went on a three-day camping expedition(远足). We had to carry all of our own clothes and food as well as tents cooking pots and first aid kits. On the first day, our instructor taught us how to read maps. 1 However walking with a 13-kg backpack under the burning sun was not the most ideal situation. Each of us had to carry two liters of water to drink as well. 2 My group set off at 9:00 a.m. full of confidence but soon found ourselves lost on a farm! Luckily, each group had a tracker(跟踪器) that allowed our instructors to see where we were. 3 We finally got to camp at 7 p.m. Having walked 25 km over 10 hours, my body was aching. The third day was a bit easier. 4 You couldn’t imagine how excited we were although we were very exhausted. 5 It is not just about learning to read maps but also teamwork and how to deal with emergency situations. It pushed me to achieve something I never thought I could do and gave me important life experience. A．I learned so much from this expedition. B．It’s not too difficult to understand the maps. C．We were quickly found and got back on the right path. D．On the second day, we had to find our own way to the next campsite. E．We successfully made it back to the car park where our coach was waiting. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$