第01讲 选择必修一 Unit 1重难知识综合复习-【寒假自学课】2025年高二英语寒假提升精品讲义（译林版2020）

专题01 Unit 1 Food matters 考点聚焦: 核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢 重点速记: 知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化: 难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用: 真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 重点单词 1. flavour n. 味, 味道; 特点, 特色 vt. 给……调味, 加味于 2. link vt. 联系, 相关联; 把……连接起来 n. 联系, 连接; 关系, 纽带; 链接 3. native n. 出生于某国(或某地)的人; 本地人 adj. 出生地的; 本地的; 土著的; 土产的 4. sour adj. 酸的, 有酸味的; 馊的 vi. & vt. (使)变坏; 变味, 酸腐 5. bond n. 纽带, 联系; 连接, 结合 6. generate vt. 产生, 引起 7. digest vt. & vi. 消化; 领会, 理解n. 摘要, 文摘 8. cycle n. 循环; 自行车, 摩托车 vi. 骑自行车 9. enhance vt. 提高, 增强 10. boil vt. & vi. 用沸水煮; (使)沸腾 11 fry vt. & vi. 油炸, 油煎 12. scenery n. 风景, 景色; 舞台布景 13. bet n. 打赌, 赌注; 预计, 估计 vi. & vt. (bet, bet)下赌注, 打赌; 敢说 14. atmosphere n. 气氛, 氛围; 大气; 气体; 空气 15. bake vt. & vi. 烘烤; 烤硬 16. mild adj. 不浓的, 淡味的; 暖和的; 温和的; 不严重的 17. bitter adj. 味苦的; 激烈的; 令人难过的; 严寒的 18. loose adj. 不受约束的; 未固定牢的; 零散的; 宽松的; 疏松的 19. damp adj. 潮湿的, 湿气重的 20. multiple adj. 数量多的, 多样的 21. plain adj. 朴素的, 简单的; 清楚的 n. 平原 22. slice n. 薄片, 片; 部分, 份额 vt. 把……切成片; 切开, 割破 23. property n. 性质, 特性; 所有物, 财产; 不动产 24. appropriate adj. 合适的 25. estimate vt. 估计, 估价 n. 估计; 估计的成本 26. essential adj. 必不可少的; 本质的, 基本的 27. concept n. 概念, 观念 28. stimulate vt. 促进, 激发; 刺激, 使兴奋 29. appetite n. 食欲, 胃口; 强烈欲望 30. delicate adj. 精致的, 精细的, 精密的; 易损的, 易碎的, 脆弱的 31. steam vt. & vi. 蒸; 散发蒸汽 n. 水蒸气; 蒸汽动力; 水汽 32. edge n. 边, 边缘; 刀口 33. apart adv. 成碎片; 分开; 相隔 34. mood n. 情绪, 心情; 气氛, 氛围→moody adj. 情绪多变的; 伤感的 35. combine vi. & vt. 结合, 联合→combination n. 结合体, 联合体; 联合, 混合 36. greed n. 贪婪, 贪心→greedy adj. 贪婪的, 贪心的→greedily adv. 贪婪地, 贪心地 37. gentle adj. 轻柔的, 温和的→gently adv. 轻柔地, 温和地 38. associate vt. &vi. 联想, 联系; 交往→association n. 联想, 联系; 协会, 社团; 联合, 交往 39. vary vi. (根据情况)变化, 变更; 相异, 不同vt. 变更, 改变→various adj. 各种各样的, 不同的→variety n. 不同种类, 变体, 多样化 40. emotion n. 情感, 强烈的感情, 激情, 情绪→emotional adj. 感情的, 情绪的; 有感染力的→emotionally adv. 感情上, 情绪上; 冲动地 41. salt n. 盐→salty adj. 咸的, 含盐的 42. relieve vt. 解除, 减轻; 缓和, 缓解→relief n. 宽慰, 解脱; 减轻; 缓和→relieved adj. 感到宽慰的, 放心的 43. secure adj. 安全的, 可靠的→security n. 安全; 保护措施; 保安部门; 担保, 保证 44. low adj. 低的; 近底部的; 低声的→lower vt. 降低, 减少; 把……放低, 使……降下 adj. 下面的; 在底部的; 低洼的 45. fog n. 雾→foggy adj. 有雾的, 雾茫茫的 46. expand vt. & vi. 增加, 扩大; 扩展, 发展(业务); 详谈, 详述→expansion n. 扩张; 扩展; 膨胀 47. consume vt. 吃, 喝, 饮; 消耗, 耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→consumption n. 消费, 消耗→consumer n. 消费者 48. innovate vt. 创新, 改革→innovation n. 创造, 创新; 新思想, 新方法→innovative adj. 创新的, 革新的 49. emphasis n. 强调, 重视; 重读→emphasize vt. 着重, 强调 50. mix vt. &vi. (使)混合; 调配; 交往→mixture 混合物; 混合, 结合 ( 核心单词 ) 考点1 combination n. 结合体，联合体；联合，混合→________ v. 使结合；联合；混合 •in ________ with 与……联合 •combine... ________... 把……与……结合 •combine ________ sth. 联合起来做某事 答案: combine; combination; and/with; to do 【考点再现】(2025重庆)单句语法填空 If ________(combine) with overseas partners, our company will expand the business. 思路点拨: 考查状语从句的省略。句意: 如果与海外合作伙伴合作，我们公司将拓展业务。be combined with (与……结合)，在if引导的条件状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词；“If (combine) with overseas partners”是条件状语从句，主将从现，从句完整形式为“If our company is combined with overseas partners”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略our company is后，保留过去分词combined。 答案: combined 考点2 association n. 联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往→________ vt. & vi.联想；联系；交往→ associated adj.有关的；相关的) •in ________ with 与……联合；与……交往 •associate… ________... 把……与……联系起来 •associate with... ________ •be ________ with 与……相关 答案: associate; association; with; 与……交往； associated 【考点再现】(2025甘肃武威)单句语法填空 Jack Ma said that his oral English had improved rapidly because of his ________(associate) with foreigners when he was 16. 思路点拨: 考查名词。句意: 马云说，他的英语口语进步很快，因为他在16岁时就与外国人打交道了。空处作because of的宾语，被his修饰，结合“with foreigners”可知，associate的名词形式association符合题意，意为“交往”，不可数。 答案: association 考点3 vary vi. (根据情况)变化，变更；相异，不同 vt. 变更，改变→________ adj. 不同的；各种各样的→________ n. 多样性；变化；种类 •vary from...to... 从……到……变化 •vary ________... 在……方面变化 •vary with...随……变化 •a variety of＝________ of多种多样的 答案: various; variety; in; varieties 【考点再现】(2025江苏海安)单句语法填空 Some of these cultural dining etiquette(礼节) rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in ________(vary) countries. 思路点拨: 考查形容词。句意: 这些文化餐饮礼仪规则中，有些可能看似随意和奇怪，但在不同国家却很重要。分析句子结构，设空处应该用形容词作定语修饰后面的名词countries 答案: various 考点4 relieve vt. 解除，减轻；缓和，缓解→________ n. 宽慰；轻松；解脱 •relieve sb. ________ sth. 帮某人拿重物；帮某人减轻负担；解除某人的职务 •________ relief如释重负；松了口气 •________ one’s relief让某人感到宽慰的是 答案: relief; of; in/with; to 【考点再现】(2025山东济南)单句语法填空 It is amazing that the fresh air and exercise have cured him ________ his sleeplessness, which made him feel ________(relieve). 思路点拨: 考查介词、形容词。句意: 令人惊奇的是，新鲜的空气和运动治好了他的失眠，这使他感到如释重负。第一空用介词of，cure sb. of“治愈某人的疾病”，为固定短语。第一空用形容词relieved“放心的，宽慰的”，作表语。故填①of；②relieved。 答案: of; relieved 考点5 impress vt. & vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到→________n. 印象；影响；印记；感想 →________ adj.给人深刻印象的；感人的 •impress sth. ________ sb.＝impress sb. with sth. 使某人牢记某事 •be impressed ________... 对……印象深刻 •leave/make a(n). ________ on/upon sb. 给某人留下一个……的印象 答案: impression; impressive; on/upon; by/with; impression 【考点再现】(2025重庆)单句语法填空 Her (impress) speech made a deep impression on all of us. 思路点拨: 考查形容词。句意: 她令人印象深刻的演讲给我们所有人留下了深刻的印象。根据空后名词“speech”可知，空处需要使用形容词形式impressive“令人印象深刻的，令人赞叹的”来修饰名词speech，作定语。故填impressive。 答案: impressive 考点6 essential adj. 必不可少的；本质的，基本的 •be essential ________ 对……是必不可少的 •________ is essential (for sb.) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是很必要的。 •It is essential that sb. ________ sth.某人做某事是很必要的。 答案: to/ for; It; (should) do 【考点再现】(2025甘肃庆阳)单句语法填空 It is essential that you (learn) Chinese history. 思路点拨: 考查虚拟语气。句意: 你学习中国历史是必要的。It is essential that sb. (should) do sth.为固定句型，表示“人做某事是必要的”可知，空格处要用虚拟语气，为(should) do，故填(should) learn。 答案: (should) learn 考点7 expand vt. & vi. 增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述→________n. 扩大；扩张；扩充 •expand ________... 扩大为…… •expand ________ 详谈 答案: expansion; into/ on/ upon 【考点再现】(2025甘肃庆阳)单句语法填空 With past success and growth, it’s no wonder that Universal Studios Hollywood is excited about its latest plans for ________(expand). 思路点拨: 考查名词。句意: 随着过去的成功和增长，难怪好莱坞环球影城对其最新的扩张计划感到兴奋。空前有for，空处应用名词作宾语，expansion意为“扩张”，为不可数名词。故填expansion。 答案: expansion 考点8 appropriate adj. 合适的→________ adv. 适当地 •be appropriate ________ 适合…… •________ is (not) appropriate for sb to do sth.某人(不)适合做某事。 •It is appropriate ________... ……是合适的。(从句中要使用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should可以省略) 答案: appropriately; for; It; that 【考点再现】(2025山东济宁)单句语法填空 Traditionally, duck is considered to have cooling properties, so it is appropriate the hot summer months. 思路点拨: 考查介词。句意: 传统上，鸭子被认为具有降温的特性，所以它适合炎热的夏季。根据句意，此处为固定短语be appropriate for/to意为“适合……”，因此空格处是介词for/to。故填for/to。 答案: for/to 考点9 estimate vt. 估计，估价 n. 估计；估计的成本 •be estimated to be/have... ________...… •It is estimated that... ________...... 答案: 估计是/有； 据估计 【考点再现】(2025安徽安庆)单句语法填空 Today, it is ________(estimate) that about 60% of domestic rice consumption is from hybrid strains.. 思路点拨: 考查固定句型。句意: 今天，据估计，中国国内消费的大米中约有60%是由袁的杂交品种生产的作物。it is estimated that...是固定句型，表示“据估计……”，其中it为形式主语，that引导主语从句，与动词estimate“估计”为被动关系，用is estimated，构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填estimated。 答案: estimated 考点10 mixture n. 混合物；混合，结合→________ adj. 混杂的；混合的→mix v. 混合 •mix... ________... 把……与……混合 •mix ________ 混淆，弄混 答案: mixed; with/ and; up 【考点再现】(2025安徽芜湖)单句语法填空 They looked at him with a ________(mix) of horror，envy，and respect. 思路点拨: 考查名词。句意: 他们带着一种恐惧、嫉妒和敬意交织在一起的心情望着他。作介词with的宾语用名词，故填mixture。 答案: mixture 重点短语 1. do the trick 奏效, 起作用, 达到目的  2. cry out for 迫切需要  3. throw oneself into 投身于, 热衷于  4. out of this world 好(或美等)得不得了, 非凡, 呱呱叫  5. let sth. loose 释放, 放任  6. hit the spot 使人满意, 正合需要  7. fall apart 破碎, 破裂; 崩溃  ( 核心短语 ) 考点1 throw oneself into投身于，热衷于 •throw away ________ •throw light on/upon sth使……更易理解；阐明 •throw off匆匆脱掉(衣服)；扔掉；摆脱 •throw up ________ 答案: 扔掉；浪费掉(本领); 扬起；呕吐 【考点再现】(2025甘肃庆阳)单句语法填空 With the college entrance examination approaching，it's time that I should throw myself my study.. 思路点拨: 考查动词短语。句意: 随着高考的临近，是我应该全身心投入学习的时候了。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语throw oneself into“全身心地投入”，满足句意要求。故填into。 答案: into 考点2 fall apart破碎，破裂；崩溃 •take...apart ________ •tell...apart 分辨出…… •set sb. apart ________ 答案: 将……拆开，拆分; 使某人与众不同 【考点再现】单句语法填空 As Jane’s appearance is identical to her twin sister Amy’s, people can hardly tell them ________. 思路点拨: 考查介词。句意: 由于简和她的双胞胎妹妹艾米长得一模一样，人们很难把她们区分开来。tell… apart 分辨开……。根据句意，故填apart。 答案: apart 重点句型 1. whenever引导状语从句 Whenever I feel lonely, I have a secret recipe that never fails. 每当我感到孤独的时候 , 我都有一个屡试不爽的秘方。 2. make复合结构 Comfort food tastes good and by building an emotional bond with our happy memories, always makes us feel good. 治愈系食物味道可口, 通过与我们快乐的回忆之间建立情感联系, 它总是让我们心情不错。 3. a time when. . . When we eat it again, we unlock memories of a time when we were loved and looked after, and this cheers us up. 当我们再次吃到它时, 我们解锁记忆, 回想起我们受到疼爱与关怀的时光, 这就会让我们的情绪变好。 4. before… Before I know it, I’m happy again.不知不觉, 我又高兴起来。 5. Not only引导的部分倒装句 Not only is cooking at home cheaper, but I can cook exactly what I want.  在家做饭不仅便宜, 而且我可以做我想做的菜。 6. sb. be believed to do sth. / to have done sth. They are believed to have started off in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters.  人们相信, 它们(四川火锅)起源于清末, 当时是长江上的船夫在寒冷潮湿的冬天取暖的一种方式。 ( 核心句型 ) 考点1 “no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句 教材原句No matter how bad my mood is, that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits. 不论我情绪有多差，这种绝妙的组合都足以令我振作。(P2) •no matter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后，意为“无论……”。 •no matter how 或however后接形容词或副词时，即: however或no matter how+adj./adv.+主语+谓语+……。 •whatever，whoever，whichever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导________，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which。 答案: 让步状语从句 【考点再现】单句语法填空 No matter ________ you go, you should spare no effort to do your work well.. 思路点拨: 考查状语从句。句意: 无论你去哪里，你都应该不遗余力地把工作做好。分析句意再根据空格前的no matter可知，此处用no matter where引导让步状语从句，表示“无论哪里”。故填where。 答案: where 考点2 “sb./sth.+be+过去分词+...”句式 教材原句They are believed to have started off in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters.人们认为，火锅始自清末，当时是长江上的船工在湿冷的冬季取暖的一种办法。(P11) 本句中含有句式“sb/sth+be+过去分词+to do/have done...”，可转换为“It+be+过去分词+that...”。 •sb.+be+过去分词+ •用于本句型的动词还有: say，think，________________________等。 •sb. is believed/said/thought/reported/considered/supposed/...to do sth. ＝It is believed/said/thought/reported/considered/supposed/...that 人们相信……/据说……/考虑到……/据报道……/普遍认为……/________…… 答案: expect; report; consider; suppose; 推测 【考点再现】单句语法填空 It is said ________ about 20% of 25 –34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.. 思路点拨: 考查固定句型。句意: 据说，25 - 34岁的年轻人中约有20%与父母同住，而1991年这一比例为16%。句型it is said that表示“据说……”，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。故填that。 答案: that 重点语法 一、动词不定式作主语 (1) 动词不定式作主语时，一般表示具体的或一次性的动作。作主语的不定式有时态和语态的变化，且谓语动词通常用单数。 【温馨提示】很多情况下，作主语的动词不定式都可以用动名词替代，但表示某些具体情况，或表示较强烈的对比，或在某些固定说法中时，通常不用动名词替代。 To know everything is to know nothing. 样样皆通，样样稀松。 (2) 若不定式太长，则往往用it代替不定式作形式主语，不定式移至谓语之后，以使句子结构平衡。其常见句型有以下4种: It +be+形容词+(for/of sb.) to do sth. It+be+名词+ to do sth. It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. It made sb. + adj. + to do sth. It is a great honour to hear you speak so highly of me. 听到你这么夸奖是我莫大的荣幸。 二、动词不定式作表语 (1)动词不定式作表语，可以说明主语的具体内容，还可以表示目的、结果、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿等，其主语通常为task，aim，purpose，wish，dream，duty，plan，hope，job，problem等名词，或是what引导的名词性从句。不定式作表语时，主语和表语有时可以交换位置，其意思不变。 The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it. 人生重要的事是有一个伟大的目标，以及实现它的决心。 What I would suggest is to start work at once. 我建议马上开始工作。 (2)动词不定式作表语省略to的情况 动词不定式作表语时，一般情况下不定式符号to不能省略，但当主语部分含有从句且从句谓语部分有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式符号to可以省略。 All we need to do is (to) live each day with passion. 我们需要做的就是充满激情地过好每一天。 【温馨提示】动词不定式作主语和表语的注意事项 (1)动词不定式前通常可以加上for引导的短语，表示不定式的逻辑主语。 It only takes a few seconds for the computer to solve such a complicated problem. 只需要几秒钟计算机就可以解决这样复杂的问题。 注意: 在“It+be+形容词+(for/of sb.)to do sth.”句型中，for或of均可引出不定式的逻辑主语，其区别为: 如果形容词描述的是人的品质、品格，介词用of；如果形容词描述不定式所表示动作的特征，介词用for。 It was kind of Harry to give up his seat in the bus to the old woman. 哈里真善良，在公共汽车上把座位让给了那位老太太。 动词不定式作主语和表语时，可以有时态、语态的变化。 Linda’s birthday party is to be held next Friday. 琳达的生日聚会将于下星期五举行。(表示将来发生的被动动作) 【考点再现】(2025黑龙江哈尔滨)单句语法填空 1. It was the careless driver who was ________ (blame) for the accident, which claimed the lives of three people. 思路点拨: 考查非谓语动词和被动语态。句意: 那个粗心的司机应该对这次事故负责，这次事故夺去了三个人的生命。be to blame意思为: 该担责任，空处用不定式作表语，主动表示被动。或者看成一般过去时的被动语态，空处用blame的过去分词。故填to blame/blamed。 答案: to blame/blamed 【考点再现】(2025四川成都)单句语法填空 It is worthwhile ________(invest) your time in a foreign language when international communication is becoming increasingly important. . 思路点拨: 考查非谓语动词。句意: 当国际交流变得越来越重要的时候，花时间学习一门外语是值得的。此处为固定句型“it is worthwhile to do/doing sth.”意为“做某事是值得的”符合句意，由此可知，此处为动词不定式形式或者动名词形式作主语。故填to invest/investing。 答案: to invest/investing 1. It was expected that the house would be completely transformed by then. (改为简单句) The house was expected ________ ________ completely ________ by then. 【答案】to; be; transformed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意: 预计到那时房子将完全改变。it be expected that固定句型，意为“预计……”，与sth/sb. be expected to do同义，意为“某人/某物预计做……”，所以将that引导的主语从句可以转换成不定式作主语补足语，house和动词transform是被动关系，此处表示“被转换”，应用不定式的被动语态，故填①to②be③transformed。 2. People expect that there will be a good harvest. ________ ________ ________ ________ there will be a good harvest. 【答案】It; is; expected; that 【详解】考查固定句型。句意: 预计今年会有一个好收成。表示“预计；人们认为……”可用it is expected that...。首字母大写。故填It is expected that。 3. They will hold a party when they arrive at the island. (同义句转换) →They ________________ when they arrive at the island. 【答案】are to hold a party 【详解】考查不定式。句意: 他们到达岛上时将举行一个聚会。不定式作表语可以表将来，故They will hold a party可转换为They are to hold a party。故填are to hold a party。 4.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)What shall I do if she asks me for some advice? (同义句转换) →What ________________ if she asks me for some advice? 【答案】am I to do 【详解】考查不定式。句意: 如果她向我请教，我该怎么办？be to do用于第一人称疑问句，可以表示征求意见。故What shall I do可以转换成What am I to do。故填am I to do。 5. We should make a poster for the Science and Art Festival. This is our task.(合并为动词不定式作表语的句子) 【答案】Our task is to make a poster for the Science and Art Festival. 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意: 我们应该为科学艺术节制作一张海报。这是我们的任务。根据题干要求，本题需要表达“我们的任务是为科学艺术节制作一张海报”这一语义。分析句子可知，本句的主语是“our task”， 谓语是“is”，“to make a poster for the Science and Art Festival”是不定式作表语表示主语的具体内容。句首单词首字母应大写，故答案为Our task is to make a poster for the Science and Art Festival. 6. The three spies have been assigned the mission to steal the enemy’s information. The mission of the three spies is ________ ________ the enemy’s information. 【答案】to; steal 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意: 这三个间谍被指派去窃取敌人的情报。原句中mission作为宾语，动词不定式to steal作后置定语；改写后的句子mission作为主语，用动词不定式to steal作表语，表示具体的动作。故填①to；②steal。 真题感知 1.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业) ________(combine) with pleasant climate and tasty food, the beautiful scenery made our visit more enjoyable. 【答案】Combined 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意: 加上宜人的气候和美味的食物，美丽的风景使我们的旅行更加愉快。句中谓语是made，空格处用非谓语动词，the beautiful scenery和combine之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Combined。 2.(24-25高二下·湖南·)They will hold a meeting to discuss something ________(associate) with music. 【答案】associated 【详解】考查过去分词。句意: 他们将开会讨论与音乐有关的事情。固定短语“associate something with music”意为“把某些事情与音乐联系起来”，something和associate之间为被动关系，因此使用过去分词作后置定语。故填associated。 3.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)As long as you associate ________ positive-thinking people, it is certain that you are going to achieve success. 【答案】with 【详解】考查介词。句意: 只要你和积极思考的人交往，你就一定会取得成功。根据“associate”和“positive-thinking people”可知，此处用固定短语associate with表示“与……交往”。故填with。 4.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)Class activities will vary ________ day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings. 【答案】from　 【详解】考查介词。句意: 课堂活动每天都会有所不同，但学生必须准备好完成简短的课堂写作。vary from... to...“(根据情况)变化，(因……)改变”，为固定搭配。故填from。 5.(24-25高二上·黑龙江牡丹江·期中)Her performance in the play left a lasting impression ________ the audience. 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意: 她在戏剧中的表演给观众留下了持久的印象。短语leave a lasting impression on sb表示“给某人留下持久的印象”，故应填介词on。 6.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)Sun and water are essential ________ the growth of crops. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意: 阳光和水对作物的生长至关重要。分析句子可知，这里考查be essential to，表“对…...至关重要”，为固定搭配。故填to。 7.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)With ten years’ hard work, he finally expanded his firm ________ a big company. 【答案】into 【详解】考查介词。句意: 经过十年的努力，他终于把公司发展成了一家大公司。expand ...into...为固定搭配，表示“使……扩展成……，扩大为”，符合题意。故填into。 8.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)It will cost the city an estimated ￡2 million ________(build) the hospital. 【答案】to build 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意: 建造这所医院估计要花费该市200万英镑。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型sth cost sb/sth+钱或时间+to do sth，表示“花费某人/某物(钱或时间)去做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to build。 9.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)Traditionally, duck is considered to have cooling properties, so it is appropriate ________ the hot summer months. 【答案】for/to 【详解】考查介词。句意: 传统上，鸭子被认为具有降温的特性，所以它适合炎热的夏季。根据句意，此处为固定短语be appropriate for/to意为“适合……”，因此空格处是介词for/to。故填for/to。 10.(24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期中)The aim of Romantics was ________(break) with the ideals of the 18 century: they refused to follow rigid rules; instead, they put emphasis on the importance of imagination and feeling, the love of nature and a return to the past. 【答案】to break 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意: 浪漫派的目标是破除18世纪的理想: 他们拒绝遵循死板的规则；相反，他们强调想象力和感觉的重要性，对自然的热爱和对过去的回归。aim“目标，目的”作主语时，表语常用不定式，具体说明aim的内容，因此空处应用break的不定式形式。故填to break。 提升专练 1. She is a genius because she has successfully combined a career ________ bringing up a family. 【答案】and/with 【详解】考查固定短语。句意: 她是个天才，因为她成功地把事业和抚养家庭结合在了一起。分析句子，句中combined A with/and B为固定短语，意为“把A与B结合”。故填with。 2. There are ________(vary) types of the disease, making it hard to provide the cure. 【答案】various 【详解】考查形容词。句意: 这种疾病种类繁多，很难提供治愈方法。分析句意再根据提示词可知，空格处应该用形容词various，表示“各种各样的”，作定语，修饰名词types。故答案为various。 3. Describing your emotions on paper is likely to make you feel more or less ________(relieve). 【答案】relieved 【详解】考查形容词。句意: 在纸上描述你的情绪可能会让你或多或少感到宽慰。此处需要填形容词relieved“放心的，宽慰的”，作表语。故填: relieved。 4. Old John breathed a sigh of ________(relieve) when seeing his son returned safe and sound. 【答案】relief 【详解】考查名词。句意: 看到儿子平安归来，老约翰松了一口气。提示词作宾语，用名词relief，意为“宽慰，轻松”，不可数名词。故填relief。 5. Tai chi in China and Yoga in India are said ________(relieve) people’s tiredness, especially for those who always feel stressed out. 【答案】to relieve 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意: 中国的太极和印度的瑜伽据说能缓解人们的疲劳，尤其是那些总是感到压力大的人。be said to do something 是固定搭配，意为“据说做某事”，用不定式作主语补足语。故填 to relieve。 6. So ________(impress) were the performances that the audience burst into cheers constantly. 【答案】impressive 【详解】考查形容词。句意: 演出非常精彩，以至于观众不断欢呼。空处用形容词形式impressive，意为“令人印象深刻的”，作表语。故填impressive。 7. ________(essential), we are talking about the world war period. 【答案】Essentially 【详解】考查副词。句意: 本质上，我们正在谈论的是世界大战时期。空白处作状语，应使用副词。essential 的副词形式是 essentially，故填 Essentially。 8. Over time, it ________(expand) to include multiple options of soups, vegetables, meats and sauces, appealing to people of different tastes. 【答案】has expanded 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意: 随着时间的推移，它已经扩展到包括多种选择的汤，蔬菜，肉类和酱料，吸引不同口味的人。设空处作谓语，由Over time以及句意可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语it是单数，因此空格处是has expanded。故填has expanded。 9. It is appropriate that some time ________(devote) to thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission. 【答案】should be devoted/be devoted 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意: 应当花些时间深入研究阿波罗任务的结果，这是恰当的。It is appropriate that... 句型中，that 从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should 可以省略。time 与 devote 之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，故填 (should) be devoted 。 10. ________ is estimated that 1.3 billion people will use English as either a first or a second language by 2050. 【答案】It 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意: 据估计，到2050年，将有13亿人将英语作为第一语言或第二语言。句中that引导的从句为真正的主语，句首应用it作形式主语，构成固定句型it is estimated that...，表示“据估计”，it置于句首，首字母大写。故填It。 11.(18-19高一·全国·课后作业)They looked at him with a ________(mix) of horror，envy，and respect. 【答案】mixture 【详解】考查名词。句意: 他们带着一种恐惧、嫉妒和敬意交织在一起的心情望着他。作介词with的宾语用名词，故填mixture。 12.(19-20高二上·全国·课时练习)Hearing the news that he won an award for risking his life saving the drowning girl, we looked at him with a ________(mix)of happiness and awe. 【答案】mixture 【详解】考查名词。句意: 听到他因冒着生命危险救下那名溺水的女孩而获奖的消息时，我们怀着高兴和崇敬的心情看着他。根据空前的a和空后的of可知，此处应用名词mixture，意为“混合”。故填mixture。 13.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)The parents listened to the news with a ________(mix) of surprise and horror. 【答案】mixture 【详解】考查名词。句意: 父母听了这个消息，既惊讶又恐惧。根据前文with a可知，此处应用名词mixture的单数作介词宾语。故填mixture。 14.(2024高三下·全国·专题练习)Apart ________ its geographical diversity, Canada’s many rural areas and urban centers reflect the diversity of its residents. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意: 除了地理上的多样性，加拿大的许多农村地区和城市中心也反映了其居民的多样性。apart from“除了”，固定短语，故填from。 15.(2024高三·全国·专题练习)He quickly ________(throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 【答案】threw 【详解】考查时态。句意: 他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并列结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。 16.(23-24高一上·全国·随堂练习)The person who bought the house or moved is the one ________ throws the party. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意: 买了房子或搬家的人是举办派对的人。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the one，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，并且本句中的另一个定语从句已经用who引导，所以只能应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 17.(22-23高二上·全国·课前预习)No matter ________ way you choose, I’m here with you all the time; because no matter ________ you need my help, I will come to you without any hesitation. 【答案】which; when 【详解】考查状语从句。句意: 无论你选择哪种方式，我都会一直陪伴在你身边；因为无论你什么时候需要我的帮助，我都会毫不犹豫地来找你。根据第一个空前的No matter并分析句子结构，这里是一个让步状语从句，再结合空后的way和句意，第一个空应用which，no matter which“无论哪一个”引导让步状语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，且表示选择含义。根据第二个空前的no matter并分析句子结构，这里应填when，no matter when引导让步状语从句，且在从句中作时间状语。故填which；when。 18.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)It was said ________ that was how the Chinese people first raised silkworms. 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意: 据说中国人就是这样养蚕的。It是形式主语，空处引导主语从句，从句结构、意义完整，使用that引导，故填that。 19.(24-25高一上·广东东莞·期中)It’s difficult for us ________(organize) our ideas at that dangerous time. 【答案】to organize 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意: 在那个危险的时刻，我们很难组织我们的想法。it’s difficult for sb. to do sth.是固定句型，其中it为形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。空处需填入organize“组织”的不定式形式。故填to organize。 20.(24-25高一上·北京西城·期中)It is necessary ________( revise) what you have learnt during the day timely. 【答案】to revise 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意: 及时复习你白天所学的内容是有必要的。句中it is+形容词+to do sth为固定短语，it为形式主语，不定式结构为真正的主语。故填to revise。 21.(24-25高一上·江苏盐城·期中)Our original plan was ________(see) a film at the cinema that afternoon. 【答案】 to see 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意: 我们原来的计划是那天下午去电影院看电影。空格处需要一个不定式来充当表语，说明plan的具体内容，使用不定式(to + 动词原形)作为表语。故填 to see。 二、完成句子 1.(24-25高一上·广东东莞·阶段练习)What the expert said in the speech impressed me deeply.(同义转换) = What the expert said in the speech ________________ on me. 【答案】made a deep impression 【详解】考查固定短语。句意: 专家在演讲中所说的话给我留下了深刻的印象。需要替换的部分是impressed和deeply，就爱那个impressed替换成动词短语make an impression on，此处使用一般过去时；修饰名词impression需用形容词deep，作定语。故填made a deep impression。 2.(22-23高一上·全国·课时练习)I was deeply impressed by his inspiring words, and I decided to cooperate with him. (句型转换) →Deeply ________ by his inspiring words, I decided to cooperate with him. 【答案】impressed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意: 他鼓舞人心的话给我印象深刻，我决定与他合作。分析可知，设空处为非谓语动词，根据原句，可知缺少动词impress，和主语之间是被动关系，应用过去分词做状语，故填impressed。 3.(18-19高一·全国·课后作业)The audience were deeply impressed with her speech. →Her speech ________ ________ ________ ________ ________the audience. 【答案】made/left a deep impression on 【详解】考查固定短语。固定短语be deeply impressed with“对……印象深刻”可与make/leave a deep impression on“留下深刻印象”替换，且为一般过去时，故填made/left a deep impression on。 4.(22-23高二·全国·课后作业)To prevent these harmful habits from dominating a teenager’s life is essential.(升级为it作形式主语的句子) →________________ to prevent these harmful habits from dominating a teenager’s life. 【答案】It is essential 【详解】考查it用法。句意: 防止这些有害的习惯支配青少年的生活是很有必要的。此处改为it作形式主语，应用it is essential to do sth.表示“做某事很有必要”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，句首单词首字母大写。故填It is essential。 5.(23-24高二上·广东东莞·阶段练习)To prevent harmful habits like tobacco or alcohol abuse from dominating a teenager’s life is essential. (句型转换) ________ ________ ________ that we should prevent harmful habits like tobacco or alcohol abuse from dominating a teenager’s life. 【答案】It is essential 【详解】考查固定句型。句意: 防止像吸烟或酗酒这样的有害习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。原句中不定式短语作主语，形容词essential作表语，表示“做某事是至关重要的”，可用固定句型“It is essential that+从句”表达同样的意思，从句中使用虚拟语气，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。故填①It；②is；③essential。 6.(20-21高二·全国·课后作业)They signed an agreement that they should expand the trade between the two countries. (同义句转换) →They signed an agreement ________________________. 【答案】to expand the trade between the two countries 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意: 他们签署了扩大两国贸易的协议。名词agreement “协议”，常用动词不定式作其后置定语，此处“扩大两国贸易”是“协议”的定语，所以用动词不定式，故填to expand the trade between the two countries。 7.(23-24高二下·湖南·期末)People estimate that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk. (it作形式主语) (句型转换) →________________ 80% of all conversation in English is small talk. 【答案】It is estimated that 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意: 人们估计80%的英语会话都是闲聊。根据句中is可知，句子时态使用一般现在时，根据原句以及题干要求可知，空处应用固定句型It is estimated that，表示“据估计”，其中it作形式主语，that引导从句作真正的主语。故填It is estimated that。 8.(21-22高一下·全国·课后作业)The theme park is not only for individuals, but is also the perfect mix of amusement and learning for class outings. (句型转换) The theme park is not only for individuals, but is also the perfect ________ ________ ________ and learning for class outings. 【答案】combination of fun 【详解】考查固定短语和名词。句意: 主题公园不仅适合个人，而且是娱乐和课堂郊游学习的完美结合。分析句子可知，句子要求我们改写同义句，替换部分为“mix of amusement”，“combination of…”意为“……的结合”，“fun”意为“乐趣”，为不可数名词，作“of”的宾语，“combination of fun”与“mix of amusement”表达意思相同，故空格处应填“combination of fun”。故答案是combination of fun。 9.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)Then her husband lost his job, and the plan ________ apart. (根据句意填空) 【答案】fell 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意: 后来她丈夫失业了，计划也泡汤了。由“Then her husband lost his job, and the plan”可知，句子表示“后来她丈夫失业了，计划也泡汤了”，空格处所在短语表示“瓦解”，是固定短语fall apart，由lost可知，时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填fell。 10.(23-24高二上·全国·课后作业)If you throw waste into a river, the fish will die and the people who drink the water will get sick. (同义句转换) →________________(throw) waste into a river will cause the fish to die and the people who drink the water to get sick. 【答案】Throwing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意: 如果你把废物扔进河里，鱼会死，喝水的人会生病。根据题干要求，进行同义句转换，原句可以更换为动名词作主语的结构，即使用throwing waste into a river动名词短语作主语。同时，该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Throwing。 11.(22-23高一上·全国·课后作业)No matter where you go, I’ll go with you. ________________, I’ll go with you. (同义句转换) 【答案】Wherever you go 【详解】考查状语从句。句意: 无论你去哪里，我都会陪着你。no matter where引导让步状语从句，可用wherever替换，故填Wherever you go。 12.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)will take/nutrition specialist/a balanced diet menu/make/an hour/for you(改写it作形式主语结构) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It will take an hour for a nutrition specialist to make a balanced diet menu for you. 【详解】考查形式主语和非谓语动词。句意: 营养师会花一个小时为你做一份均衡的饮食菜单。固定句型it will take+时间+for somebody to do表示“花费某人时间做某事”，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，“做一份均衡的饮食菜单”表示为make a balanced diet menu，“为你”是for you，故答案为It will take an hour for a nutrition specialist to make a balanced diet menu for you. 13.(24-25高一上·全国·课后作业)You are careless to make so many mistakes in the exam.(同义句转换) →________________ so many mistakes in the exam. 【答案】It is careless of you to make 【详解】考查句型转换。句意: 你真粗心，在考试中犯了这么多错误。It is +形容词+ of  sb. to do sth.表示“做某事对某人来说是……的”，根据原句可知，用形容词careless。故填It is careless of you to make。 14.(23-24高一上·全国·课前预习)Learning English well is easy for you if you study hard.(同义句转换) →________________ English well if you study hard.(it + be + adj. +for sb. + 动词不定式) 【答案】It is easy for you to learn 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意: 如果你努力学习，学好英语对你来说很容易。原句为动名词短语作主语，可以把该句子转变为“It be +adj.+for sb. to do sth.”，其中it为形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语，本句使用一般现在时，be动词使用is。故答案为It is easy for you to learn。 15.(21-22高一·全国·课后作业)During our four days in Paris, we spent one whole day visiting the Louvre Museum. (同义句转换) →During our four days in Paris, ________________ us one whole day ________________ the Louvre Museum. 【答案】it took; to visit 【详解】考查固定句型。句意: 在巴黎的四天里，我们花了一整天的时间参观了卢浮宫博物馆。分析句子结构可知，此处应为it takes sb. sometime to do sth.意为“花费为某人多久做某事”，其中it形式主语，to do sth.为真正主语，表示“花费”为take，根据时间状语During our four days in Paris可知，此处应为一般过去时态，表示“参观”应为visit，表示主动意义，所以此处为不定式的主动形式。故填①it took②to visit。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 Unit 1 Food matters 考点聚焦: 核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢 重点速记: 知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化: 难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用: 真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 重点单词 1. flavour n. 味, 味道; 特点, 特色 vt. 给……调味, 加味于 2. link vt. 联系, 相关联; 把……连接起来 n. 联系, 连接; 关系, 纽带; 链接 3. native n. 出生于某国(或某地)的人; 本地人 adj. 出生地的; 本地的; 土著的; 土产的 4. sour adj. 酸的, 有酸味的; 馊的 vi. & vt. (使)变坏; 变味, 酸腐 5. bond n. 纽带, 联系; 连接, 结合 6. generate vt. 产生, 引起 7. digest vt. & vi. 消化; 领会, 理解n. 摘要, 文摘 8. cycle n. 循环; 自行车, 摩托车 vi. 骑自行车 9. enhance vt. 提高, 增强 10. boil vt. & vi. 用沸水煮; (使)沸腾 11 fry vt. & vi. 油炸, 油煎 12. scenery n. 风景, 景色; 舞台布景 13. bet n. 打赌, 赌注; 预计, 估计 vi. & vt. (bet, bet)下赌注, 打赌; 敢说 14. atmosphere n. 气氛, 氛围; 大气; 气体; 空气 15. bake vt. & vi. 烘烤; 烤硬 16. mild adj. 不浓的, 淡味的; 暖和的; 温和的; 不严重的 17. bitter adj. 味苦的; 激烈的; 令人难过的; 严寒的 18. loose adj. 不受约束的; 未固定牢的; 零散的; 宽松的; 疏松的 19. damp adj. 潮湿的, 湿气重的 20. multiple adj. 数量多的, 多样的 21. plain adj. 朴素的, 简单的; 清楚的 n. 平原 22. slice n. 薄片, 片; 部分, 份额 vt. 把……切成片; 切开, 割破 23. property n. 性质, 特性; 所有物, 财产; 不动产 24. appropriate adj. 合适的 25. estimate vt. 估计, 估价 n. 估计; 估计的成本 26. essential adj. 必不可少的; 本质的, 基本的 27. concept n. 概念, 观念 28. stimulate vt. 促进, 激发; 刺激, 使兴奋 29. appetite n. 食欲, 胃口; 强烈欲望 30. delicate adj. 精致的, 精细的, 精密的; 易损的, 易碎的, 脆弱的 31. steam vt. & vi. 蒸; 散发蒸汽 n. 水蒸气; 蒸汽动力; 水汽 32. edge n. 边, 边缘; 刀口 33. apart adv. 成碎片; 分开; 相隔 34. mood n. 情绪, 心情; 气氛, 氛围→moody adj. 情绪多变的; 伤感的 35. combine vi. & vt. 结合, 联合→combination n. 结合体, 联合体; 联合, 混合 36. greed n. 贪婪, 贪心→greedy adj. 贪婪的, 贪心的→greedily adv. 贪婪地, 贪心地 37. gentle adj. 轻柔的, 温和的→gently adv. 轻柔地, 温和地 38. associate vt. &vi. 联想, 联系; 交往→association n. 联想, 联系; 协会, 社团; 联合, 交往 39. vary vi. (根据情况)变化, 变更; 相异, 不同vt. 变更, 改变→various adj. 各种各样的, 不同的→variety n. 不同种类, 变体, 多样化 40. emotion n. 情感, 强烈的感情, 激情, 情绪→emotional adj. 感情的, 情绪的; 有感染力的→emotionally adv. 感情上, 情绪上; 冲动地 41. salt n. 盐→salty adj. 咸的, 含盐的 42. relieve vt. 解除, 减轻; 缓和, 缓解→relief n. 宽慰, 解脱; 减轻; 缓和→relieved adj. 感到宽慰的, 放心的 43. secure adj. 安全的, 可靠的→security n. 安全; 保护措施; 保安部门; 担保, 保证 44. low adj. 低的; 近底部的; 低声的→lower vt. 降低, 减少; 把……放低, 使……降下 adj. 下面的; 在底部的; 低洼的 45. fog n. 雾→foggy adj. 有雾的, 雾茫茫的 46. expand vt. & vi. 增加, 扩大; 扩展, 发展(业务); 详谈, 详述→expansion n. 扩张; 扩展; 膨胀 47. consume vt. 吃, 喝, 饮; 消耗, 耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→consumption n. 消费, 消耗→consumer n. 消费者 48. innovate vt. 创新, 改革→innovation n. 创造, 创新; 新思想, 新方法→innovative adj. 创新的, 革新的 49. emphasis n. 强调, 重视; 重读→emphasize vt. 着重, 强调 50. mix vt. &vi. (使)混合; 调配; 交往→mixture 混合物; 混合, 结合 ( 核心单词 ) 考点1 combination n. 结合体，联合体；联合，混合→________ v. 使结合；联合；混合 •in ________ with 与……联合 •combine... ________... 把……与……结合 •combine ________ sth. 联合起来做某事 【考点再现】(2025重庆)单句语法填空 If ________(combine) with overseas partners, our company will expand the business. 思路点拨: 考查状语从句的省略。句意: 如果与海外合作伙伴合作，我们公司将拓展业务。be combined with (与……结合)，在if引导的条件状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词；“If (combine) with overseas partners”是条件状语从句，主将从现，从句完整形式为“If our company is combined with overseas partners”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略our company is后，保留过去分词combined。 答案: combined 考点2 association n. 联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往→________ vt. & vi.联想；联系；交往→ associated adj.有关的；相关的) •in ________ with 与……联合；与……交往 •associate… ________... 把……与……联系起来 •associate with... ________ •be ________ with 与……相关 【考点再现】(2025甘肃武威)单句语法填空 Jack Ma said that his oral English had improved rapidly because of his ________(associate) with foreigners when he was 16. 思路点拨: 考查名词。句意: 马云说，他的英语口语进步很快，因为他在16岁时就与外国人打交道了。空处作because of的宾语，被his修饰，结合“with foreigners”可知，associate的名词形式association符合题意，意为“交往”，不可数。 答案: association 考点3 vary vi. (根据情况)变化，变更；相异，不同 vt. 变更，改变→________ adj. 不同的；各种各样的→________ n. 多样性；变化；种类 •vary from...to... 从……到……变化 •vary ________... 在……方面变化 •vary with...随……变化 •a variety of＝________ of多种多样的 【考点再现】(2025江苏海安)单句语法填空 Some of these cultural dining etiquette(礼节) rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in ________(vary) countries. 思路点拨: 考查形容词。句意: 这些文化餐饮礼仪规则中，有些可能看似随意和奇怪，但在不同国家却很重要。分析句子结构，设空处应该用形容词作定语修饰后面的名词countries 答案: various 考点4 relieve vt. 解除，减轻；缓和，缓解→________ n. 宽慰；轻松；解脱 •relieve sb. ________ sth. 帮某人拿重物；帮某人减轻负担；解除某人的职务 •________ relief如释重负；松了口气 •________ one’s relief让某人感到宽慰的是 【考点再现】(2025山东济南)单句语法填空 It is amazing that the fresh air and exercise have cured him ________ his sleeplessness, which made him feel ________(relieve). 思路点拨: 考查介词、形容词。句意: 令人惊奇的是，新鲜的空气和运动治好了他的失眠，这使他感到如释重负。第一空用介词of，cure sb. of“治愈某人的疾病”，为固定短语。第一空用形容词relieved“放心的，宽慰的”，作表语。故填①of；②relieved。 答案: of; relieved 考点5 impress vt. & vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到→________n. 印象；影响；印记；感想 →________ adj.给人深刻印象的；感人的 •impress sth. ________ sb.＝impress sb. with sth. 使某人牢记某事 •be impressed ________... 对……印象深刻 •leave/make a(n). ________ on/upon sb. 给某人留下一个……的印象 【考点再现】(2025重庆)单句语法填空 Her (impress) speech made a deep impression on all of us. 思路点拨: 考查形容词。句意: 她令人印象深刻的演讲给我们所有人留下了深刻的印象。根据空后名词“speech”可知，空处需要使用形容词形式impressive“令人印象深刻的，令人赞叹的”来修饰名词speech，作定语。故填impressive。 答案: impressive 考点6 essential adj. 必不可少的；本质的，基本的 •be essential ________ 对……是必不可少的 •________ is essential (for sb.) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是很必要的。 •It is essential that sb. ________ sth.某人做某事是很必要的。 【考点再现】(2025甘肃庆阳)单句语法填空 It is essential that you (learn) Chinese history. 思路点拨: 考查虚拟语气。句意: 你学习中国历史是必要的。It is essential that sb. (should) do sth.为固定句型，表示“人做某事是必要的”可知，空格处要用虚拟语气，为(should) do，故填(should) learn。 答案: (should) learn 考点7 expand vt. & vi. 增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述→________n. 扩大；扩张；扩充 •expand ________... 扩大为…… •expand ________ 详谈 【考点再现】(2025甘肃庆阳)单句语法填空 With past success and growth, it’s no wonder that Universal Studios Hollywood is excited about its latest plans for ________(expand). 思路点拨: 考查名词。句意: 随着过去的成功和增长，难怪好莱坞环球影城对其最新的扩张计划感到兴奋。空前有for，空处应用名词作宾语，expansion意为“扩张”，为不可数名词。故填expansion。 答案: expansion 考点8 appropriate adj. 合适的→________ adv. 适当地 •be appropriate ________ 适合…… •________ is (not) appropriate for sb to do sth.某人(不)适合做某事。 •It is appropriate ________... ……是合适的。(从句中要使用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should可以省略) 【考点再现】(2025山东济宁)单句语法填空 Traditionally, duck is considered to have cooling properties, so it is appropriate the hot summer months. 思路点拨: 考查介词。句意: 传统上，鸭子被认为具有降温的特性，所以它适合炎热的夏季。根据句意，此处为固定短语be appropriate for/to意为“适合……”，因此空格处是介词for/to。故填for/to。 答案: for/to 考点9 estimate vt. 估计，估价 n. 估计；估计的成本 •be estimated to be/have... ________...… •It is estimated that... ________...... 【考点再现】(2025安徽安庆)单句语法填空 Today, it is ________(estimate) that about 60% of domestic rice consumption is from hybrid strains.. 思路点拨: 考查固定句型。句意: 今天，据估计，中国国内消费的大米中约有60%是由袁的杂交品种生产的作物。it is estimated that...是固定句型，表示“据估计……”，其中it为形式主语，that引导主语从句，与动词estimate“估计”为被动关系，用is estimated，构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填estimated。 答案: estimated 考点10 mixture n. 混合物；混合，结合→________ adj. 混杂的；混合的→mix v. 混合 •mix... ________... 把……与……混合 •mix ________ 混淆，弄混 【考点再现】(2025安徽芜湖)单句语法填空 They looked at him with a ________(mix) of horror，envy，and respect. 思路点拨: 考查名词。句意: 他们带着一种恐惧、嫉妒和敬意交织在一起的心情望着他。作介词with的宾语用名词，故填mixture。 答案: mixture 重点短语 1. do the trick 奏效, 起作用, 达到目的  2. cry out for 迫切需要  3. throw oneself into 投身于, 热衷于  4. out of this world 好(或美等)得不得了, 非凡, 呱呱叫  5. let sth. loose 释放, 放任  6. hit the spot 使人满意, 正合需要  7. fall apart 破碎, 破裂; 崩溃  ( 核心短语 ) 考点1 throw oneself into投身于，热衷于 •throw away ________ •throw light on/upon sth使……更易理解；阐明 •throw off匆匆脱掉(衣服)；扔掉；摆脱 •throw up ________ 【考点再现】(2025甘肃庆阳)单句语法填空 With the college entrance examination approaching，it's time that I should throw myself my study.. 思路点拨: 考查动词短语。句意: 随着高考的临近，是我应该全身心投入学习的时候了。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语throw oneself into“全身心地投入”，满足句意要求。故填into。 答案: into 考点2 fall apart破碎，破裂；崩溃 •take...apart ________ •tell...apart 分辨出…… •set sb. apart ________ 【考点再现】单句语法填空 As Jane’s appearance is identical to her twin sister Amy’s, people can hardly tell them ________. 思路点拨: 考查介词。句意: 由于简和她的双胞胎妹妹艾米长得一模一样，人们很难把她们区分开来。tell… apart 分辨开……。根据句意，故填apart。 答案: apart 重点句型 1. whenever引导状语从句 Whenever I feel lonely, I have a secret recipe that never fails. 每当我感到孤独的时候 , 我都有一个屡试不爽的秘方。 2. make复合结构 Comfort food tastes good and by building an emotional bond with our happy memories, always makes us feel good. 治愈系食物味道可口, 通过与我们快乐的回忆之间建立情感联系, 它总是让我们心情不错。 3. a time when. . . When we eat it again, we unlock memories of a time when we were loved and looked after, and this cheers us up. 当我们再次吃到它时, 我们解锁记忆, 回想起我们受到疼爱与关怀的时光, 这就会让我们的情绪变好。 4. before… Before I know it, I’m happy again.不知不觉, 我又高兴起来。 5. Not only引导的部分倒装句 Not only is cooking at home cheaper, but I can cook exactly what I want.  在家做饭不仅便宜, 而且我可以做我想做的菜。 6. sb. be believed to do sth. / to have done sth. They are believed to have started off in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters.  人们相信, 它们(四川火锅)起源于清末, 当时是长江上的船夫在寒冷潮湿的冬天取暖的一种方式。 ( 核心句型 ) 考点1 “no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句 教材原句No matter how bad my mood is, that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits. 不论我情绪有多差，这种绝妙的组合都足以令我振作。(P2) •no matter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后，意为“无论……”。 •no matter how 或however后接形容词或副词时，即: however或no matter how+adj./adv.+主语+谓语+……。 •whatever，whoever，whichever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导________，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which。 【考点再现】单句语法填空 No matter ________ you go, you should spare no effort to do your work well.. 思路点拨: 考查状语从句。句意: 无论你去哪里，你都应该不遗余力地把工作做好。分析句意再根据空格前的no matter可知，此处用no matter where引导让步状语从句，表示“无论哪里”。故填where。 答案: where 考点2 “sb./sth.+be+过去分词+...”句式 教材原句They are believed to have started off in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters.人们认为，火锅始自清末，当时是长江上的船工在湿冷的冬季取暖的一种办法。(P11) 本句中含有句式“sb/sth+be+过去分词+to do/have done...”，可转换为“It+be+过去分词+that...”。 •sb.+be+过去分词+ •用于本句型的动词还有: say，think，________________________等。 •sb. is believed/said/thought/reported/considered/supposed/...to do sth. ＝It is believed/said/thought/reported/considered/supposed/...that 人们相信……/据说……/考虑到……/据报道……/普遍认为……/________…… 【考点再现】单句语法填空 It is said ________ about 20% of 25 –34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.. 思路点拨: 考查固定句型。句意: 据说，25 - 34岁的年轻人中约有20%与父母同住，而1991年这一比例为16%。句型it is said that表示“据说……”，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。故填that。 答案: that 重点语法 一、动词不定式作主语 (1) 动词不定式作主语时，一般表示具体的或一次性的动作。作主语的不定式有时态和语态的变化，且谓语动词通常用单数。 【温馨提示】很多情况下，作主语的动词不定式都可以用动名词替代，但表示某些具体情况，或表示较强烈的对比，或在某些固定说法中时，通常不用动名词替代。 To know everything is to know nothing. 样样皆通，样样稀松。 (2) 若不定式太长，则往往用it代替不定式作形式主语，不定式移至谓语之后，以使句子结构平衡。其常见句型有以下4种: It +be+形容词+(for/of sb.) to do sth. It+be+名词+ to do sth. It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. It made sb. + adj. + to do sth. It is a great honour to hear you speak so highly of me. 听到你这么夸奖是我莫大的荣幸。 二、动词不定式作表语 (1)动词不定式作表语，可以说明主语的具体内容，还可以表示目的、结果、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿等，其主语通常为task，aim，purpose，wish，dream，duty，plan，hope，job，problem等名词，或是what引导的名词性从句。不定式作表语时，主语和表语有时可以交换位置，其意思不变。 The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it. 人生重要的事是有一个伟大的目标，以及实现它的决心。 What I would suggest is to start work at once. 我建议马上开始工作。 (2)动词不定式作表语省略to的情况 动词不定式作表语时，一般情况下不定式符号to不能省略，但当主语部分含有从句且从句谓语部分有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式符号to可以省略。 All we need to do is (to) live each day with passion. 我们需要做的就是充满激情地过好每一天。 【温馨提示】动词不定式作主语和表语的注意事项 (1)动词不定式前通常可以加上for引导的短语，表示不定式的逻辑主语。 It only takes a few seconds for the computer to solve such a complicated problem. 只需要几秒钟计算机就可以解决这样复杂的问题。 注意: 在“It+be+形容词+(for/of sb.)to do sth.”句型中，for或of均可引出不定式的逻辑主语，其区别为: 如果形容词描述的是人的品质、品格，介词用of；如果形容词描述不定式所表示动作的特征，介词用for。 It was kind of Harry to give up his seat in the bus to the old woman. 哈里真善良，在公共汽车上把座位让给了那位老太太。 动词不定式作主语和表语时，可以有时态、语态的变化。 Linda’s birthday party is to be held next Friday. 琳达的生日聚会将于下星期五举行。(表示将来发生的被动动作) 【考点再现】(2025黑龙江哈尔滨)单句语法填空 1. It was the careless driver who was ________ (blame) for the accident, which claimed the lives of three people. 思路点拨: 考查非谓语动词和被动语态。句意: 那个粗心的司机应该对这次事故负责，这次事故夺去了三个人的生命。be to blame意思为: 该担责任，空处用不定式作表语，主动表示被动。或者看成一般过去时的被动语态，空处用blame的过去分词。故填to blame/blamed。 答案: to blame/blamed 【考点再现】(2025四川成都)单句语法填空 It is worthwhile ________(invest) your time in a foreign language when international communication is becoming increasingly important. . 思路点拨: 考查非谓语动词。句意: 当国际交流变得越来越重要的时候，花时间学习一门外语是值得的。此处为固定句型“it is worthwhile to do/doing sth.”意为“做某事是值得的”符合句意，由此可知，此处为动词不定式形式或者动名词形式作主语。故填to invest/investing。 答案: to invest/investing 1. It was expected that the house would be completely transformed by then. (改为简单句) The house was expected ________ ________ completely ________ by then. 2. People expect that there will be a good harvest. ________ ________ ________ ________ there will be a good harvest. 3. They will hold a party when they arrive at the island. (同义句转换) →They ________________ when they arrive at the island. 4.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)What shall I do if she asks me for some advice? (同义句转换) →What ________________ if she asks me for some advice? 5. We should make a poster for the Science and Art Festival. This is our task.(合并为动词不定式作表语的句子) 6. The three spies have been assigned the mission to steal the enemy’s information. The mission of the three spies is ________ ________ the enemy’s information. 真题感知 1.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业) ________(combine) with pleasant climate and tasty food, the beautiful scenery made our visit more enjoyable. 2.(24-25高二下·湖南·)They will hold a meeting to discuss something ________(associate) with music. 3.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)As long as you associate ________ positive-thinking people, it is certain that you are going to achieve success. 4.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)Class activities will vary ________ day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings. 5.(24-25高二上·黑龙江牡丹江·期中)Her performance in the play left a lasting impression ________ the audience. 6.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)Sun and water are essential ________ the growth of crops. 7.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)With ten years’ hard work, he finally expanded his firm ________ a big company. 8.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)It will cost the city an estimated ￡2 million ________(build) the hospital. 9.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)Traditionally, duck is considered to have cooling properties, so it is appropriate ________ the hot summer months. 10.(24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期中)The aim of Romantics was ________(break) with the ideals of the 18 century: they refused to follow rigid rules; instead, they put emphasis on the importance of imagination and feeling, the love of nature and a return to the past. 提升专练 1. She is a genius because she has successfully combined a career ________ bringing up a family. 2. There are ________(vary) types of the disease, making it hard to provide the cure. 3. Describing your emotions on paper is likely to make you feel more or less ________(relieve). 4. Old John breathed a sigh of ________(relieve) when seeing his son returned safe and sound. 5. Tai chi in China and Yoga in India are said ________(relieve) people’s tiredness, especially for those who always feel stressed out. 6. So ________(impress) were the performances that the audience burst into cheers constantly. 7. ________(essential), we are talking about the world war period. 8. Over time, it ________(expand) to include multiple options of soups, vegetables, meats and sauces, appealing to people of different tastes. 9. It is appropriate that some time ________(devote) to thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission. 10. ________ is estimated that 1.3 billion people will use English as either a first or a second language by 2050. 11.(18-19高一·全国·课后作业)They looked at him with a ________(mix) of horror，envy，and respect. 12.(19-20高二上·全国·课时练习)Hearing the news that he won an award for risking his life saving the drowning girl, we looked at him with a ________(mix)of happiness and awe. 13.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)The parents listened to the news with a ________(mix) of surprise and horror. 14.(2024高三下·全国·专题练习)Apart ________ its geographical diversity, Canada’s many rural areas and urban centers reflect the diversity of its residents. 15.(2024高三·全国·专题练习)He quickly ________(throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 16.(23-24高一上·全国·随堂练习)The person who bought the house or moved is the one ________ throws the party. 17.(22-23高二上·全国·课前预习)No matter ________ way you choose, I’m here with you all the time; because no matter ________ you need my help, I will come to you without any hesitation. 18.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)It was said ________ that was how the Chinese people first raised silkworms. 19.(24-25高一上·广东东莞·期中)It’s difficult for us ________(organize) our ideas at that dangerous time. 20.(24-25高一上·北京西城·期中)It is necessary ________( revise) what you have learnt during the day timely. 21.(24-25高一上·江苏盐城·期中)Our original plan was ________(see) a film at the cinema that afternoon. 二、完成句子 1.(24-25高一上·广东东莞·阶段练习)What the expert said in the speech impressed me deeply.(同义转换) = What the expert said in the speech ________________ on me. 2.(22-23高一上·全国·课时练习)I was deeply impressed by his inspiring words, and I decided to cooperate with him. (句型转换) →Deeply ________ by his inspiring words, I decided to cooperate with him. 3.(18-19高一·全国·课后作业)The audience were deeply impressed with her speech. →Her speech ________ ________ ________ ________ ________the audience. 4.(22-23高二·全国·课后作业)To prevent these harmful habits from dominating a teenager’s life is essential.(升级为it作形式主语的句子) →________________ to prevent these harmful habits from dominating a teenager’s life. 5.(23-24高二上·广东东莞·阶段练习)To prevent harmful habits like tobacco or alcohol abuse from dominating a teenager’s life is essential. (句型转换) ________ ________ ________ that we should prevent harmful habits like tobacco or alcohol abuse from dominating a teenager’s life. 6.(20-21高二·全国·课后作业)They signed an agreement that they should expand the trade between the two countries. (同义句转换) →They signed an agreement ________________________. 7.(23-24高二下·湖南·期末)People estimate that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk. (it作形式主语) (句型转换) →________________ 80% of all conversation in English is small talk. 8.(21-22高一下·全国·课后作业)The theme park is not only for individuals, but is also the perfect mix of amusement and learning for class outings. (句型转换) The theme park is not only for individuals, but is also the perfect ________ ________ ________ and learning for class outings. 9.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)Then her husband lost his job, and the plan ________ apart. (根据句意填空) 10.(23-24高二上·全国·课后作业)If you throw waste into a river, the fish will die and the people who drink the water will get sick. (同义句转换) →________________(throw) waste into a river will cause the fish to die and the people who drink the water to get sick. 11.(22-23高一上·全国·课后作业)No matter where you go, I’ll go with you. ________________, I’ll go with you. (同义句转换) 12.(24-25高二上·全国·课后作业)will take/nutrition specialist/a balanced diet menu/make/an hour/for you(改写it作形式主语结构) ________________________________________________________________ 13.(24-25高一上·全国·课后作业)You are careless to make so many mistakes in the exam.(同义句转换) →________________ so many mistakes in the exam. 14.(23-24高一上·全国·课前预习)Learning English well is easy for you if you study hard.(同义句转换) →________________ English well if you study hard.(it + be + adj. +for sb. + 动词不定式) 15.(21-22高一·全国·课后作业)During our four days in Paris, we spent one whole day visiting the Louvre Museum. (同义句转换) →During our four days in Paris, ________________ us one whole day ________________ the Louvre Museum. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$