2025届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模考试英语试题

虹口区2024学年度第一学期期终学生学习能力诊断测试 高三英语试卷 2024.12 考生注意： 1.考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。 2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做 在试卷上一律不得分。 3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。 I.Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. How to Be Stylish While Protecting the Environment Despite the huge numbers of people who care about the environment and love clothes,there is a basic conflict about being green and being fashionable.This is tecause the fashion industry depends on a constant stream of ever-changing trends,(1) means you have to keep consuming.However,buying (2) awful lot of things that you don't need.in this case new clothes,is harmful to the environment. Even so,there are still some measures you can take to achieve(3) of the goals Firstly,rather than base your choice of clothes on (4) tne fashion industry says you should, choose your own look.If you do this,you'll look a lot more like an individual,and probably(5) (genuinely)stylish.It does notrequire any sense ofstyle(6) (copy)the looks in fashion magazines but developing your own certainly does.You'll find that you buy fewer clothes(7) they aren't going in and out of fashion every week,and this helps the environment. Some people think that another way of achieving this is to buy only natural materials,like cotton.But the production of some plant-based materials involves the use of enormous quantities of pesticides(). In fact,cotton is an especially dirty crop,with methods(8) (use)in its production which can destroy the local environment.If yow want to avoid adding to soil and water pollution in this manner,simply (9) (choose)organic materials. In the end,what you wear.s your choice and no one would suggest that this should not be a free choice. But we hopatthat,(10) (read)this,you will be aware of the impac:your choices may have on the health of our planet. 虹口区高三英语本卷共11页第1页 Section B Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A.arguably B.fed C.match D.corresponding E.determine F.hint G.implications H.hoticeably I.self fulfilling J.substantial K.tasked People Alter Their Appearance to Suit Their Names A new study has found that people tend to alter their appearance to suit their names.The researchers sougnt to 11 whether parents choose a baby name based on what seems fitting for the baby's appearance,or if individuals'facial appearances change over the years to 12 the social stereotypes( 板印象)connected to their names.. In the study,9-to 10-year-old children and adults were 13 with paring faces to names.The findings revealed that both the children and the adults correctly matched adult faces to their 4 names, considerably above the chance level.However,when it came to children's faces and names,the participants were unable to make accurate associations. In another part-of the study,a machine leamning system was 1 a large database of images of human faces.The computer recognized that the appearances of the faces of adults with the same name were 16 more similar to each other than the representations of faces of adults with different names On the other hand,no 1 similarity was found among children with the same name compared to children with different names. The researchers concluded that the similarity between a person's face and their name results from a(n) 18 prediction.The facial appearance changes over a long period of time to suit social expectations attached to the name.Such stereotypes can be formed in many ways,for example,because the name is linked to a famous figure or due to the 19 of a religious name. Dr.Yonat Zwebner,Arison School of Business,Reichman University says,"Our findings 20 at the broader significance of this surprising effect-the powerful influence of social stereotypes." 虹口区高三英语本卷共11页第2页 II.Reading Comprehension Section A Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Manufacturing is a one-way business.Raw materials go into a factory and finished products come out. Once those goods are 21,producers usually wash their hands of them.Certainly they do not worry that most of the products are eventually burnt or buried in landfill,which 22 the planet.In only 50 years, the world's consumption of raw materials has nearly become four times as big,to more than 100 billion tons, but only less than 9%of this is reused,resulting in a 23 of materials. Industry does talk about sustainability and recycling,but much of that is 24 intended to improve brand images.Yet even a company's profits can 25 being environmentally friendly.This is especially so in the case of"gigafactories",so called because their output of batteries for electric vehicles (EVs)is measured in gigawatt hours(GWh). Every carmaking country wants gigafactories.Batteries are the costliest part of an EV,so making them is 26.But they contain materials that are pricey and can be hard to obtain.Supply chains are long and complicated,and buyers risk their teputaticn 27 by their suppliers'poor environmental and labour standards.28 materials makes sense. Being 29,most gigafactories are designed with recycling in mind from the start.The result is a 30 production process.The idea is that once 31 reach the ends of their lives,they should go back to a factory,where their components can be recovered and put into new batteries. Gigafactories are not yet models of the circular economy,but they are laying the foundations.Northvolt, a battery-maker,aims by 2030 to produce 150GWh of batteries-enough to power some 2 million EVs.By then,around half its raw materials should come from recycling old batteries.Northvolt is not 32.Using renewable power and other measures,CATLthe world's biggest producer of EV batteries-thinks it should eventually be possible to reduce the carbon footprint of a battery towards zero. Could other industries do something similar?Fast fashion is widely known as a(n)33 business.It is estimated that the recycling rate for little-wom clothing and footwear is just 13%.A big part of the reason is the use of mixed fibres,which are hard to recycle.Clothing companies could,like gigafactories,re-engineer their processes to use fibres that are easier to handle.Consumer electronics is another such 34 that creates piles of waste,lespite the fact that electronic circuits containing precious materials such as gold and silver,and electric motors being made from rare earth metals.35 could yet be made in the urban mining of last year's cellphones and yesterday's blouses. 21.A.accepted B.designed C.sold D.stored 22.A.rules B.saves C.heals D.pollutes 23.A.analysis B.availability C.waste D.variety 24.A.green-washing B.cost-cutting C.risk-taking D.trend-setting 25.A.add to B.benefit from C.center around D.invest in 26.A.innovative B.affordable C.profitable D.inefficient 27.A.being defended B.being hurt C.being spread D.being overlooked 虹口区高三英语 本卷共11页 第3页 28.A.Reusing B.Restoring C.Replacing D.Recharging 29.A.big B.new C.rich D.rare 30.A.full B.primary C.domestic D.circular 31.A.batteries B.factories C.vehicles D.suppliers 32.A.alone B.easy C.safe D.fair 33.A.dynamic B.unsustainable C.inacceptable D.competitive 34.A.gigafactory B.business C.company D.manufacturer 35.A.Exceptions B.Complaints C.Discoveries D.Fortunes Section B Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) One afternoon a few months before Tom and I were to be marrfed,Max wandered into the dining room of the house we all shared.I was sorting through a box of old photographs. 2Who's that?"he asked. 3That was my grandfather,the one who died a few months ago." 4Hmm.Too bad he had to die." 5Just as I was about to put the last of the pictures in the box,Max pressed his finger to a face."And who will this be to me?" Beneath his finger I could see the edges of my own face.I was suddenly flooded with ajoy which I had no name.This son of the man I loved was becoming my son.We'd have family Christmas cards and school art stuck to the fridge.All these things I'd never allowed myself to want.Now I was becoming a mother. 7I should have known how to say just the right,wise,magical thing.But I didn't."I'l be your second mom,”I said 840h.” "'msorry that your first mom died.I liked her." 10What should I call you?"he asked. My heart pounded,and my stomach turned over.Mama,I wanted to cry.I'll be your mama and you'll be my son.Iresisted."You can call me Mom,or Mama.You can also call me Betsy,if you'd rather.Whatever feels okay for you." I2He stood there a minute."What's for dinner?"he asked. 13 Burgers.” 14Sweet,"he said as he walked out of the room. 5At our wedding a few months later,Tom and I said our vows (to one another.Then Max was invited to stand beside us and I made vows to him.I promised to step into the shoes his mother had been forced to leave behind,to help him remember her,and to be the best mother I could be. 虹口区高三英语本卷共11页第4页 16After the wedding,for the next few days,Max tried out a ncw title for me."Can we go bowling?"he'd ask,and then follow the question by mouthing the word mom.Or,"Can we go to the store?"And the mouthed word,mom.Mom was always silent.It seemed he was trying it on,secing how it felt in his mouth. 17Weeks later as I drove him home from school,Max suddenly said,"I notice I don't call you Mom." IsOof.Who threw that rock at my chest?I breathed to calm my voice."I noticed that." 1%When I say Betsy,I mean Mom." 2 Thanks,”I said.“That's nice to know.” 2IHe looked out the window."Moms die,you know.I think it's maybe safer if you're just Bctsy." 22I willed tears away,not wanting to overwhelm him.He had enough to carry."Thanks,Bud.I appreciate you telling me.” 23"Hey,Betsy?" 24Yeah,"I said,delighted with the new sound of my old name. 25"What's for dinner?"he asked. 36.When Betty said"I'll be your second mom,"(paragraph 7),she A.thought her role was significant to Max B.wished Max could let go of the sad memories C.was looking forward to becoming Max's mother D.suggested that she was legally responsible for Max 37.According to Max,why did he call Betsy "Betsy"instead of Mom? A.He wants to tell Betsy she is his best friend B.He still feels shy to address Betsy as Mom. C.He doesn't want to forget his dead mother. D.He hopes Betsy could always be with him. 38.How does Betsy most probably feel when Max mentions dinner at the end of the passage? A.Confused about Max's favourite food. B.Happy to lead a regular family life. C.Relieved to have a simple conversation. D.Annoyed with Max's constant questioning. 39.Why does the author develop the passage with short dialogues? A.To reveal the tension between Max and Betsy. B.To show that Max is avoiding deep conversations. C.To help express the two speakers'emotions dircctly. D.To make the passage shorter and easicr to understand. 虾口区有三英语本卷共11币 第5页 (B) Take our latest quiz! D You've just finished a a)Yes!Perhaps a sequel,I want to spend more time in that world. book-do you know what b)A book that everyone's talking about. you'll read next? c)No,but I love finding unexpected books. d)No.I like asking for my friends'recommendations. ②Do you value other a)I don't like listening to others-I know what I like. people's opinions when b)I love to know what celebrities are reading! deciding what to read? c)Io.Ijust let the books do the talking! d)Yes!Friends know which books I'll enjoy. ③What do you most look a)To see what my favourite characters are doing in new situations. forward to in a new book? b)Talking about it with my friends. c)Discovering new voices and stories. d)Reading books as good as other ones I've loved. Do you like reading lots a)Yes,once I find an author I like,I'll read everything they write! of books by the same b)If they're a popular author,then yes! author? c)No,I like to read books by different authors. d)I tend to read books by authors my friends suggest. ⑤When you go to a a)To see if there's a new book in my favourite series. bookshop,where do you b)I head to the new releases and bestsellers. head first? c)I like to walk around the whole shop to see what catehes my eye. d)To look at the bookseller's recommendations. Mostly As:you're a Mostly Bs:you're a Mostly Cs:you're a Mostly Ds:you're a SERIES HOPPER TREND-TRACKER. RISK-TAKER ADVICE-SEEKER There's no better You like to read the You feel reassured feeling than reading books that everyone is when someone you trust something you love..… talking about.Your recommends a book to and then discovering local bestseller will you.If you want to it's part of a series! know better than expand your reading You're always anyone which books experiences,try getting guaranteed to have and authors are truly those recommendation something new to look up-and-coming,so ask from lots of different forward to,and a them for their top tips. places. familiar world to revisit again. 40.Which of the following best explains what a"sequel"is? A.A story or book that is about imaginary characters. B.A book that continues the story of a previous book. C.A book that conveys.relationships between multiple characters. D.A collection of stories written by fans of an original book series. 打门反宜三还 太兴什11而做，工 41.Which of the following description best fits the definition of a"risk-taker"? A.You're happy to pick up something you've never heard of. B.You hope.to find the new book of your favourite author. C.You're willing to wander in the world of the classics. D.You only read those on top of the list of best sellers. 42.What can those who take this quiz learn from the results? A.Why they prefer reading to other activities. B.Which author is probably their favourite. C.Who they should tum to for reading tips. D.What their book-choosing style is. (C The facts of climate change are widely reported.It is noted that with a 2C increase in global temperatures,as compared with a 1.5C increase,about 61 million more people living in urban areas around the world will be exposed to severe drought. The problem with communicating these numbers,however,is that math anxiety-the experience of tension,fear or worry when facing mathematical problems-and the inability to understand and employ numerical concepts-are both quite common. Despite high rates of innumeracy ()there are reasons to think that people may not disengage when they receive numbers.First,multiple past studies show that people often prefer getting numerical details over vague description or purely verbal communication.People also trust messages provided by medical professionals or journalists more when that communication includes numbers than when it does not.The use of specific numbers signals expertise to readers. But trade-offs exist.Given people's anxiety about math and level of mathematical ability,there is an upper limit when communicating these kinds of details.In past research,it was found that people find numbers helpful,so long as there aren't too many of them.No hard-and-fast rule suggests how many is too many--it depends on the complexity of the topic,people's familiarity with the subject and their overall numeracy.Communicators therefore need to know and attend to their audience:if a speaker sees someone looking bored,for example,it's a sign to back off on the numbers. In addition to the possibility of being overloaded by numbers,their persuasive power could have consequences that communicators need to consider.Based on the most recent findings,more negative feelings about the posts containing numeric consequences of climate change are reported.To be clear,this doesn't reflect math anxiety.Instead,these posts resulted in negative emotions because the numerically precise messages-were stronger in conveying the disastrous consequences of climate change.If you can suggest actions that people feel they can carry through,that could set off the negative feelings that arise when 虹口区高三英语本卷共11页第7页 they consider climate change's consequences. So whether you're an environmentalist seeking to communicate more effectively over social media or looking for strategies to persuade family over the dinner table,there are a few lessons here.Find the key numerical data and share that.Think strategically about data presentation.When talking about climate change, include some proposed action.Given that past work suggests that sharing numbers builds trust,your readers or listeners may be more likely to follow your recommendations.When used wisely,numbers can help transform anxiety into action,which could help turn the tide in our fight against climate change. 43.According to the passage,what can numbers do when they are used to illustrate climate change? A.They can arouse people's anxiety about math. B.They leave the audience even more confused. C.They help make the message more credible. D.They don't really change how people feel. 44.Which of the following best fits the description of"trade-offs"(paragraph 4)? A.Numbers cause difficulties in understanding the matter. B.People find the subject being talked about unfamiliar. C.It takes time to confirm the precision of all numbers. D.People tend to hold more debates about the topic 45.According to the passage,which of the following is an effective climate message? A.Sea level rise:a ticking time bomb for coastal cities! B.Cycle 5 miles daily,save 50%on carbon emissions! C.50%of species lost:a warning from climate change! D.Plant more trees today,enjoy fresher air tomorrow! 46.What is the best title for this passage? A.Numbers:Origin of tension about climate change B.Numbers:Reason for high levels of math anxiety C.Numbers:Cause of boredom in public speaking D.Numbers:Aid in fighting environmental issues Section C Directions:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A.A dog won't try to fix the problem the way some people do. B.Dogs are not just pets but beloved members of a family. C.Dogs are fantastic at reading us. D.Reading and understanding the needs of pets helps improve our overall emotional well-being. E.Talking to your dog about emotionally frustrating issues can be particularly beneficial. F They're more likely to distract you. The Benefits of Talking to Your Dog It's common for people to chat with their dogs throughout the day-about what each other is doing or how cute or playful the pup is.It's a gentle reminder of what's meaningful."When you talk to your dog,you get a sense that this is why you're here-no matter what happens at work or with your finances,your dog still loves you and needs you,and that gives you a sense of purpose,"says Larry Young,an expert on social bonding at Emory University. 47 In a 2018 study,researchers found that people are more willing to reveal to their dogs about difficult emotions,such as depression,jealousy,anxiety,and fear,than they are with their romantic partners or friends. The precise reasons for this aren't known but one possibility is that"pets are good,nonjudgmental listeners because they don't interrupt or reply,"says study coauthor Daniel Mills,a specialist in human- animal relationships at the University of Lincoln.48 There's value in simply expressing emotions,especially troublesome ones.Research has found that when people put their emotions into words, their negative feelings become less intense. Another hidden advantage:Your dog isn't going to engage in a conversation about what's bothering you, which could keep you thinking about it.49"Dogs use emotionally controlling strategies," Mills says."Their desire to play draws you away from being sad or angry." Further support for this phenomenon comes from a 2022 study.It was found that by engaging in micro- breaks to pet their pup,the people are able to relax and recover-in ways that interacting with unfurry family members doesn't. 50 "They can sense when we're upset-and they are arguably better at reading us than some people are,"says Kogan.And "because we know that our dogs read us so well,we regulate ourselves so as not to upset our dogs,which is helpful for us as well."It's a positive feedback loop () 虹口区高三英语本卷共11页第9页 [I.Summary Writing Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible 51. How Green is the Paris Olympic Games? The organizers of the Paris Olympic Games have promised to make the Games the most sustainable in the decades since climate change became a concern.But how did it work? On the plus side,organizers have been serious in their efforts to .educe carbon emissions.They measured the expected carbon footprint of the Games,reduced emissions through energy efficiencies and limited new construction by using existing facilities. But,the sustainability efforts in Paris have not all been smooth sailing.The Seine is scheduled to host marathon swimming.But despite spending 1.4 billion euros trying to clean the river,French authorities have achieved inconsistent results:Water tests in June still showed high levels of pollutants. The Paris organizers had also hoped to rely on a cooling system that pump cold water beneath the village's floors.That technology was expected to reduce the carbon impact by 45 percent.Bu,eventually, they gave up their ambition to avoid using conventional air-conditioning in the Olympic Village,installing some 2,500 temporary air-conditioning units. For years,the organizers all promised the Games would be "climate positive."But,whatever efforts were taken,none of them could really achieve sustainability as long as millions of tourists flew into the host city.Organizers of the Rio Olympics in 2016 estimated that more than 40%of the carbon emissions came from international spectators.This year,with tickets available on a central platform globally,the number of international visitors was beyond control. For all the efforts in Paris to reduce the carbon impact of the games,some of which have been considerable,the scale of future Games must be rethought.Jules Boykoff,who has written extensively about the Olympic Games,rightly argues that"the Games need to reduce their size".It wouldn't solve everything, but it would make these events more sustainable.