2025届高考重点知识背诵及真题专项练习Unit2Natural disasters（牛津译林版必修第三册）

UNIT 2 Natural disasters 单元词汇 一、写作词汇 1.an air disaster一起空难 2.the emergency exit 紧急出口 3.a calm and orderly life 一种平静有序的生活 4.run up/down the stairs 跑上/跑下楼去 5.It has been confirmed that ... 已经确定…… 6.hug each other相互拥抱 7.quite a simple procedure 相当简单的手续 8.an odd-looking house 一所样子怪异的房子 9.a formal conference一个正式会议 10.the supply of gas 石油供应 11.disaster-relief fund灾难救援基金 12.rush downstairs 冲下楼 13.a tourist destination一处旅游目的地 14.the Import and Export Trade Markets in China 中国进出口贸易市场 15.at dawn 黎明时分 16.an active volcano 一座活火山 17.go beyond all our expectations大大超过我们的预期 18.a pattern of square 一个正方形图案 19.many columns of the English newspaper英语报的许多栏目 20.eventually rescued by helicopter最后被直升机救走了 21.try to locate the missing ship努力找出失踪船只的准确位置 22.signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志 n.信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 ①a traffic signal交通信号 ②a human traffic signal人体交通标志 ③signal us to stop示意我们停下来 23.flood n.洪水，水灾；大量 vi.& vt.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满 ①a flood of letters大量的信件 ②lose everything in the flood在洪水中失去了一切 ③flood into the area 涌入这个地区 24.bar n.酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍 vt.封；阻挡；阻止 ①a cocktail bar一个鸡尾酒酒吧 ②the bar codes on the products产品上的条形码 ③be barred from leaving the country被禁止出境 25.occur vi.发生（happen，take place），出现；存在于 It occurred to him that the flowers are gifts，not possessions，and that only by sharing can the magic remain and last. （主旨升华） 他突然想到，鲜花不是财富而是礼物，只有分享才能魅力永存。 26.inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知 I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. 我被告知我在写作比赛中获得了一等奖，两天后将有颁奖典礼。 27.sharp adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的 He exposed his sharp teeth， glaring at us as he ran forward. （神情描写） 它露出它那锋利的牙齿，一边怒视我们，一边向前跑。 二、阅读词汇 1.county n. 郡，县 2.crash n.碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi.& vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃 3.pole n.柱，杆；极 4.otherwise adv.否则，不然；除此以外 5.unearth vt.使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到 6.typhoon n.台风 7.hurricane n.飓风 8.slide n.幻灯片；降低；滑行；山崩 vi.& vt.滑行；逐渐陷入 9.document n.文件，公文；（计算机中的）文档 10.honey n.（爱称）亲爱的；蜂蜜 11.otherwise adv.否则，不然；除此以外 12.port n.港口，避风港；港口城市 13.cloud-capped adj.高耸入云的，耸入云霄的 14.trunk n.树干 15.[人教选必二UNIT 3]Later， I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions. n.卷 16.[外研必修三UNIT 2]He soon reached his first target of $70， but when he gave the money to a charity， he was told that it actually cost $2，000 to build a well. n.慈善机构（或组织） 17.[北师大选必四UNIT 11]Living in a hotel means the hotel staff makes the bed every day and I don’t have to do my own washing！n.全体职工 三、派生词汇 1.injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害→injury n.伤害→injured adj.受伤的 2.reaction n.反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应→react vi.反应 3.relief n.宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→relieve vt.减轻，缓和 4.destructive adj.引起破坏（或毁灭）的，破坏（或毁灭）性的→destruct v.破坏→destruction n.破坏 5.shock n.震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊；使气愤→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的 6.scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n.恐慌；惊吓→scared adj.害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的 7.power n.电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量→powerful adj.强有力的，强大的→powerless adj.无力的，无能的 8.donate vt.捐赠，赠送；献（血）→donation n.捐赠 9.curious adj.好奇的；奇特的→curiosity n.好奇，好奇心→curiously adv.好奇地，奇怪地 10.erupt vi.& vt.（火山）爆发；突然发生→eruption n.爆发 11.unbearable adj.难耐的，无法忍受的→bearable adj.可以忍受的→bear vt.忍受 12.distance n.遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远→distant adj.遥远的；远处的 13.retire vi.& vt.退休，退职；退出（房间、比赛等）→retirement n.退休 短语词块 1.at large整个，全部 2.safe and sound安然无恙的 3.occur to被想到，浮现在脑中 4.keep one’s head（在困境中）保持冷静 5.run out of用完，耗尽 6.take the form of呈现……的形状；采取……的形式 7.break out突然开始，爆发 8.far and wide到处，各处 9.hold on to 抓紧，不放开；（替别人或更长时间地）保存某物 10.to one’s relief让某人宽慰的是 11.in detail详细地 12.flood in涌入 13.in all directions朝着四面八方 14.above all最重要的是 15.in the distance在远处 16.roll call点名 17.suffer slight injuries轻微受伤 18.signal to the students to exit the classroom示意学生们离开教室 19.in an orderly line整齐地排成一行，有序的一行/一队 20.signs of an approaching tsunami 海啸逼近的迹象 21.a destructive storm一场毁灭性的风暴 22.the power failure电力故障，停电 23.donate food and clothes to charities给慈善机构捐食物和衣服 教材句式 1.句式：in case引导目的状语从句 原句：At the same time，Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door，in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open. 同时，布朗女士迅速打开教室门，以防门在摇晃期间被破坏，打不开。 2.句式：名词短语（the moment等）引导时间状语从句 原句：The moment the shaking stopped， Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape. 晃动一停止，布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最佳时机。 3.句式：leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语 原句：On 20 December，a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead. 12月20日，由海底地震引起的一排排巨浪急速冲过金海岸附近的海面，造成数千人死亡。 4.句式：It occur to sb that ... 原句：It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. 她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。 5.句式：while连接并列分句，表对比 原句：Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio，while Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag. 爸爸在听收音机里的天气预报，而妈妈正在把他们重要的文件和灾难必需品放入一个包里。 6.句式：情态动词＋have done 原句：Its ashy rocks，now dark，now light，told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was to come！ 火山岩忽明忽暗，讲述着过去火山几度喷发的故事，这本来可以警告这座城市里的人们，灾难即将降临！ 7.句式：as if引导方式状语从句 原句：Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday；not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors. 它的墙壁新得像昨天刚刚粉刷过，地板上繁复的图案一点都没有褪色。 专项练习 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [2024·广东省惠州市第二次调研考试]The input Dad has on my career is incomparable. My earliest memories are of Dad sitting in the kitchen playing the guitar, listening to his favourite song by his favourite singer, and encouraging his little girl to poke (戳) keys randomly on the piano. Even watching Top of the Pops, he would get so passionate about music in it. We weren't a religious family, but there was something spiritual about Dad's connection with music. Music also became a source of comfort for me. I failed to do well academically at school and had no friends. Being at school consumed so much of my emotional energy. Instead of going to school to learn stuff, I felt as though I was simply trying to get people to like me. Things were better, but the only time I truly felt happy was when I was at home listening to music with Mum and Dad or writing songs on the piano—and the older I got, the more powerful music felt. Dad was always my biggest supporter. When I started giving live performances at the local bar, he was the one who drove me there and back. Freeing up that time wasn't easy for an actor. His job might mean three weeks in the Czech Republic or working with George Lucas on The Adventures of Young Indiana Jones in Hollywood. Dad has been involved with some amazing stuff, but Daddy Pig is the one that's had the biggest impact all over the world. When I was flying to Australia for my first tour, I was trying to find something to watch on the little screen and I noticed they had Peppa Pig. If I'm missing home and family, I always put it on. Daddy Pig is a fairly real version of my dad—he loves chocolate cake, he's funny and usually breaks things when he's trying to mend them. Mum and Dad were friends with one of the producers of the show and I often wonder if he looked at my dad and thought, “That's him...that's Daddy Pig.” 1．What can we learn about the author's father? A．He was good at writing songs. B．He was attached to music in his soul. C．He encouraged her to play the guitar. D．He was passionate about watching TV series. 2．How did the author's father support her career? A．By picking her up in a tight schedule. B．By doing a demanding job as an actor. C．By watching her musical performances. D．By giving live performances at the local bar. 3．Why did the author mention Peppa Pig? A．It's her favourite childhood cartoon. B．She saw her father through Daddy Pig. C．She took pride in this world famous cartoon. D.It's a cartoon about her hometown and motherland. 4．Which of the following can best describe the author's Dad? A．Funny and honest. B．Strict and hardworking. C．Famous and patient. D．Supportive and influential. B [2024·山东省泰安市高三一模]How can people speak their mind without saying anything? This is a question that scientists have aimed to answer for a long time. Researchers recently brought an upgraded device that can translate users' brain waves into daily speech. Previously, the team led by Edward Chang at the University of California, San Francisco, developed an AIbased system that can identify up to 50 commonly used words based on the participant's brain waves. The participant was a paralyzed (瘫痪的) man who had been implanted with 16 electrodes (电极) under his skull. According to their paper published in November, the team upgraded the system which can now translate thoughts into complete sentences on a computer screen. Their tests showed that the device could decode silently spoken letters from a 1，152word vocabulary at a speed of about 29 characters per minute. The accuracy was up to 94 percent. “It shows strong promise for restoring communication by tapping into the brain's natural speech machinery，” Chang said to the university's news website. However, this method can still be problematic since users still need to undergo surgery. Scientists at the University of Texas, US, have tried to translate people's thoughts without even touching their heads, reported Live Science. The new technique is called fMRI, or functional magnetic resonance imaging (功能性磁共振成像). It's a safer way of “reading” brain activity. Active brain cells have more oxygen. By tracking these cells, scientists can translate brain activity. The team asked participants to listen to 16 hours of radio shows while scanning their brains. Then they used a computer algorithm (算法) to create a story based on the fMRI recording. It matched the radio shows pretty well. Also, the algorithm could basically explain the story of a silent movie that the participants watched. The team aims to develop this technology so that it can be used in braincomputer interfaces (脑机接口) designed for people who cannot speak or type. 5．What do we know about the device mentioned in Para. 2? A．It was implanted into a man's heart. B．It can help restore patients' lost memory. C．It was developed through cooperation. D．It can identify about 50 rarely used words. 6．How does fMRI “read” people's minds? A．By tracking their active brain cells. B．By putting electrodes into their brains. C．By recording their reaction to radio shows. D．By matching their brain activity with their habits. 7．Why is fMRI chosen compared to the first device mentioned in the story? A．It's cheaper. B．It's more accurate. C．It's smaller in size. D．It's safer. 8．What can be concluded about fMRI from the last two paragraphs? A．It can only read what participants hear. B．It can be used in braincomputer interfaces. C．It can read every detail of participants' minds. D．It cannot work out what people imagine in their heads. Ⅱ.完形填空 [2024·河北省高三年级摸底考试]As we get older and advance in our education, the more teachers we have come into our lives. At some point, it becomes __1__ to remember every single one that we've had. __2__ as it might be, there are some teachers who have a very __3__ impact on their students' lives. Retired kindergarten teacher Jane Pearson is a great __4__. Jane was recently relaxing in a chair outside of her home when suddenly a group of high schoolers __5__ to her in graduation gowns. All of them __6__ to her as they stood behind her white fence. At first, she seemed confused, but upon closer inspection she __7__ that those teenagers used to be her students. __8__， they weren't just any students. These particular kids hold a very unusual place in her heart: They were her students from the __9__ kindergarten class 13 years ago when she retired! As soon as she __10__ those faces, she rushed to hug them all. “Oh my gosh, I love you all！” Jane was touched with the __11__. All of them were excited to share their pleasant __12__， laughing and crying now and then. Jane taught in the same kindergarten classroom for over 38 years and after seeing her sweet reaction to her students' __13__， we're sure these aren't the only students she __14__！ No matter how much time passes, there are just some __15__ people that leave a mark in our lives forever, just as Jane did with these students. 1．A.awful B．necessary C．interesting D．difficult 2．A.Funny B．Strange C．True D．Popular 3．A.special B．worthless C．regretful D．general 4．A.heroine B．example C．housewife D．designer 5．A.assisted B．interviewed C．approached D．bothered 6．A.smiled B．complained C．pointed D．sighed 7．A.decided B．realized C．forgot D．learned 8．A.However B．Besides C．Therefore D．Otherwise 9．A.previous B．superior C．latest D．final 10．A.touched B．knew C．recognized D．noticed 11．A.congratulation B．reunion C．kindness D．ceremony 12．A.lectures B．experiences C．honors D．trips 13．A.relief B．credit C．delight D．surprise 14．A.looked forward to B．took pride in C．got connected with D．had effects on 15．A.amazing B．amusing C．curious D．confident 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ UNIT 2 Natural disasters 单元词汇 一、写作词汇 1.an air disaster一起空难 2.the emergency exit 紧急出口 3.a calm and orderly life 一种平静有序的生活 4.run up/down the stairs 跑上/跑下楼去 5.It has been confirmed that ... 已经确定…… 6.hug each other相互拥抱 7.quite a simple procedure 相当简单的手续 8.an odd-looking house 一所样子怪异的房子 9.a formal conference一个正式会议 10.the supply of gas 石油供应 11.disaster-relief fund灾难救援基金 12.rush downstairs 冲下楼 13.a tourist destination一处旅游目的地 14.the Import and Export Trade Markets in China 中国进出口贸易市场 15.at dawn 黎明时分 16.an active volcano 一座活火山 17.go beyond all our expectations大大超过我们的预期 18.a pattern of square 一个正方形图案 19.many columns of the English newspaper英语报的许多栏目 20.eventually rescued by helicopter最后被直升机救走了 21.try to locate the missing ship努力找出失踪船只的准确位置 22.signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志 n.信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 ①a traffic signal交通信号 ②a human traffic signal人体交通标志 ③signal us to stop示意我们停下来 23.flood n.洪水，水灾；大量 vi.& vt.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满 ①a flood of letters大量的信件 ②lose everything in the flood在洪水中失去了一切 ③flood into the area 涌入这个地区 24.bar n.酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍 vt.封；阻挡；阻止 ①a cocktail bar一个鸡尾酒酒吧 ②the bar codes on the products产品上的条形码 ③be barred from leaving the country被禁止出境 25.occur vi.发生（happen，take place），出现；存在于 It occurred to him that the flowers are gifts，not possessions，and that only by sharing can the magic remain and last. （主旨升华） 他突然想到，鲜花不是财富而是礼物，只有分享才能魅力永存。 26.inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知 I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. 我被告知我在写作比赛中获得了一等奖，两天后将有颁奖典礼。 27.sharp adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的 He exposed his sharp teeth， glaring at us as he ran forward. （神情描写） 它露出它那锋利的牙齿，一边怒视我们，一边向前跑。 二、阅读词汇 1.county n. 郡，县 2.crash n.碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi.& vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃 3.pole n.柱，杆；极 4.otherwise adv.否则，不然；除此以外 5.unearth vt.使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到 6.typhoon n.台风 7.hurricane n.飓风 8.slide n.幻灯片；降低；滑行；山崩 vi.& vt.滑行；逐渐陷入 9.document n.文件，公文；（计算机中的）文档 10.honey n.（爱称）亲爱的；蜂蜜 11.otherwise adv.否则，不然；除此以外 12.port n.港口，避风港；港口城市 13.cloud-capped adj.高耸入云的，耸入云霄的 14.trunk n.树干 15.[人教选必二UNIT 3]Later， I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions. n.卷 16.[外研必修三UNIT 2]He soon reached his first target of $70， but when he gave the money to a charity， he was told that it actually cost $2，000 to build a well. n.慈善机构（或组织） 17.[北师大选必四UNIT 11]Living in a hotel means the hotel staff makes the bed every day and I don’t have to do my own washing！n.全体职工 三、派生词汇 1.injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害→injury n.伤害→injured adj.受伤的 2.reaction n.反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应→react vi.反应 3.relief n.宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→relieve vt.减轻，缓和 4.destructive adj.引起破坏（或毁灭）的，破坏（或毁灭）性的→destruct v.破坏→destruction n.破坏 5.shock n.震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊；使气愤→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的 6.scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n.恐慌；惊吓→scared adj.害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的 7.power n.电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量→powerful adj.强有力的，强大的→powerless adj.无力的，无能的 8.donate vt.捐赠，赠送；献（血）→donation n.捐赠 9.curious adj.好奇的；奇特的→curiosity n.好奇，好奇心→curiously adv.好奇地，奇怪地 10.erupt vi.& vt.（火山）爆发；突然发生→eruption n.爆发 11.unbearable adj.难耐的，无法忍受的→bearable adj.可以忍受的→bear vt.忍受 12.distance n.遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远→distant adj.遥远的；远处的 13.retire vi.& vt.退休，退职；退出（房间、比赛等）→retirement n.退休 短语词块 1.at large整个，全部 2.safe and sound安然无恙的 3.occur to被想到，浮现在脑中 4.keep one’s head（在困境中）保持冷静 5.run out of用完，耗尽 6.take the form of呈现……的形状；采取……的形式 7.break out突然开始，爆发 8.far and wide到处，各处 9.hold on to 抓紧，不放开；（替别人或更长时间地）保存某物 10.to one’s relief让某人宽慰的是 11.in detail详细地 12.flood in涌入 13.in all directions朝着四面八方 14.above all最重要的是 15.in the distance在远处 16.roll call点名 17.suffer slight injuries轻微受伤 18.signal to the students to exit the classroom示意学生们离开教室 19.in an orderly line整齐地排成一行，有序的一行/一队 20.signs of an approaching tsunami 海啸逼近的迹象 21.a destructive storm一场毁灭性的风暴 22.the power failure电力故障，停电 23.donate food and clothes to charities给慈善机构捐食物和衣服 教材句式 1.句式：in case引导目的状语从句 原句：At the same time，Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door，in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open. 同时，布朗女士迅速打开教室门，以防门在摇晃期间被破坏，打不开。 2.句式：名词短语（the moment等）引导时间状语从句 原句：The moment the shaking stopped， Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape. 晃动一停止，布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最佳时机。 3.句式：leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语 原句：On 20 December，a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead. 12月20日，由海底地震引起的一排排巨浪急速冲过金海岸附近的海面，造成数千人死亡。 4.句式：It occur to sb that ... 原句：It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. 她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。 5.句式：while连接并列分句，表对比 原句：Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio，while Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag. 爸爸在听收音机里的天气预报，而妈妈正在把他们重要的文件和灾难必需品放入一个包里。 6.句式：情态动词＋have done 原句：Its ashy rocks，now dark，now light，told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was to come！ 火山岩忽明忽暗，讲述着过去火山几度喷发的故事，这本来可以警告这座城市里的人们，灾难即将降临！ 7.句式：as if引导方式状语从句 原句：Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday；not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors. 它的墙壁新得像昨天刚刚粉刷过，地板上繁复的图案一点都没有褪色。 专项练习 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [2024·广东省惠州市第二次调研考试]The input Dad has on my career is incomparable. My earliest memories are of Dad sitting in the kitchen playing the guitar, listening to his favourite song by his favourite singer, and encouraging his little girl to poke (戳) keys randomly on the piano. Even watching Top of the Pops, he would get so passionate about music in it. We weren't a religious family, but there was something spiritual about Dad's connection with music. Music also became a source of comfort for me. I failed to do well academically at school and had no friends. Being at school consumed so much of my emotional energy. Instead of going to school to learn stuff, I felt as though I was simply trying to get people to like me. Things were better, but the only time I truly felt happy was when I was at home listening to music with Mum and Dad or writing songs on the piano—and the older I got, the more powerful music felt. Dad was always my biggest supporter. When I started giving live performances at the local bar, he was the one who drove me there and back. Freeing up that time wasn't easy for an actor. His job might mean three weeks in the Czech Republic or working with George Lucas on The Adventures of Young Indiana Jones in Hollywood. Dad has been involved with some amazing stuff, but Daddy Pig is the one that's had the biggest impact all over the world. When I was flying to Australia for my first tour, I was trying to find something to watch on the little screen and I noticed they had Peppa Pig. If I'm missing home and family, I always put it on. Daddy Pig is a fairly real version of my dad—he loves chocolate cake, he's funny and usually breaks things when he's trying to mend them. Mum and Dad were friends with one of the producers of the show and I often wonder if he looked at my dad and thought, “That's him...that's Daddy Pig.” 1．What can we learn about the author's father? A．He was good at writing songs. B．He was attached to music in his soul. C．He encouraged her to play the guitar. D．He was passionate about watching TV series. 2．How did the author's father support her career? A．By picking her up in a tight schedule. B．By doing a demanding job as an actor. C．By watching her musical performances. D．By giving live performances at the local bar. 3．Why did the author mention Peppa Pig? A．It's her favourite childhood cartoon. B．She saw her father through Daddy Pig. C．She took pride in this world famous cartoon. D.It's a cartoon about her hometown and motherland. 4．Which of the following can best describe the author's Dad? A．Funny and honest. B．Strict and hardworking. C．Famous and patient. D．Supportive and influential. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在父亲的熏陶下，对音乐的热爱，以及音乐也成了作者的慰藉。 1．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“My earliest memories are of Dad sitting in the kitchen playing the guitar, listening to his favourite song ... there was something spiritual about Dad's connection with music.”可知，在作者记忆里，父亲是一个对音乐充满激情的人，他与音乐有着一些精神上的联系，故选B。 2．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When I started giving live performances at the local bar, he was the one who drove me there and back.”可知，当作者在当地酒吧演出时，作者的父亲接送她，故选A。 3．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“If I'm missing home and family, I always put it on. Daddy Pig is a fairly real version of my dad ”可知，作者提到《小猪佩奇》里的爸爸是因为作者在想家时，看到猪爸爸就像是看到了自己的爸爸，因为猪爸爸是她爸爸的真实版，故选B。 4．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据文章第三段可推知，父亲是作者最大的支持者，故父亲是支持的；父亲喜欢音乐，作者真正感到快乐的时候就是在家里和爸妈一起听音乐，故作者喜欢音乐是受父亲的熏陶，故父亲是有影响力的，故选D。 B [2024·山东省泰安市高三一模]How can people speak their mind without saying anything? This is a question that scientists have aimed to answer for a long time. Researchers recently brought an upgraded device that can translate users' brain waves into daily speech. Previously, the team led by Edward Chang at the University of California, San Francisco, developed an AIbased system that can identify up to 50 commonly used words based on the participant's brain waves. The participant was a paralyzed (瘫痪的) man who had been implanted with 16 electrodes (电极) under his skull. According to their paper published in November, the team upgraded the system which can now translate thoughts into complete sentences on a computer screen. Their tests showed that the device could decode silently spoken letters from a 1，152word vocabulary at a speed of about 29 characters per minute. The accuracy was up to 94 percent. “It shows strong promise for restoring communication by tapping into the brain's natural speech machinery，” Chang said to the university's news website. However, this method can still be problematic since users still need to undergo surgery. Scientists at the University of Texas, US, have tried to translate people's thoughts without even touching their heads, reported Live Science. The new technique is called fMRI, or functional magnetic resonance imaging (功能性磁共振成像). It's a safer way of “reading” brain activity. Active brain cells have more oxygen. By tracking these cells, scientists can translate brain activity. The team asked participants to listen to 16 hours of radio shows while scanning their brains. Then they used a computer algorithm (算法) to create a story based on the fMRI recording. It matched the radio shows pretty well. Also, the algorithm could basically explain the story of a silent movie that the participants watched. The team aims to develop this technology so that it can be used in braincomputer interfaces (脑机接口) designed for people who cannot speak or type. 5．What do we know about the device mentioned in Para. 2? A．It was implanted into a man's heart. B．It can help restore patients' lost memory. C．It was developed through cooperation. D．It can identify about 50 rarely used words. 6．How does fMRI “read” people's minds? A．By tracking their active brain cells. B．By putting electrodes into their brains. C．By recording their reaction to radio shows. D．By matching their brain activity with their habits. 7．Why is fMRI chosen compared to the first device mentioned in the story? A．It's cheaper. B．It's more accurate. C．It's smaller in size. D．It's safer. 8．What can be concluded about fMRI from the last two paragraphs? A．It can only read what participants hear. B．It can be used in braincomputer interfaces. C．It can read every detail of participants' minds. D．It cannot work out what people imagine in their heads. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款基于人工智能系统的升级设备，研究人员用该设备可以将人类脑电波转换成日常语言。 5．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“此前，加州大学旧金山分校的Edward Chang领导的团队开发了一种基于人工智能的系统，可以根据参与者的脑电波识别多达50个常用单词。”可知，该设备是由Edward Chang领导的团队开发出来的，是通过合作发展起来的。故选C项。 6．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Active brain cells have more oxygen. By tracking these cells, scientists can translate brain activity.”可知，fMRI是通过追踪活跃的脑细胞去读懂人们的思想的。故选A项。 7．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章第六段“It's a safer way of ‘reading’ brain activity.”可知，该设备比之前的设备更加安全。故选D项。 8．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据文章最后两段尤其是“The team aims to develop this technology so that it can be used in brain­computer interfaces (脑机接口) designed for people who cannot speak or type.(该团队的目标是开发这项技术，以便将其用于为不能说话或打字的人设计的脑机接口。)”可知，它可以用于脑机接口。故选B项。 Ⅱ.完形填空 [2024·河北省高三年级摸底考试]As we get older and advance in our education, the more teachers we have come into our lives. At some point, it becomes __1__ to remember every single one that we've had. __2__ as it might be, there are some teachers who have a very __3__ impact on their students' lives. Retired kindergarten teacher Jane Pearson is a great __4__. Jane was recently relaxing in a chair outside of her home when suddenly a group of high schoolers __5__ to her in graduation gowns. All of them __6__ to her as they stood behind her white fence. At first, she seemed confused, but upon closer inspection she __7__ that those teenagers used to be her students. __8__， they weren't just any students. These particular kids hold a very unusual place in her heart: They were her students from the __9__ kindergarten class 13 years ago when she retired! As soon as she __10__ those faces, she rushed to hug them all. “Oh my gosh, I love you all！” Jane was touched with the __11__. All of them were excited to share their pleasant __12__， laughing and crying now and then. Jane taught in the same kindergarten classroom for over 38 years and after seeing her sweet reaction to her students' __13__， we're sure these aren't the only students she __14__！ No matter how much time passes, there are just some __15__ people that leave a mark in our lives forever, just as Jane did with these students. 1．A.awful B．necessary C．interesting D．difficult 2．A.Funny B．Strange C．True D．Popular 3．A.special B．worthless C．regretful D．general 4．A.heroine B．example C．housewife D．designer 5．A.assisted B．interviewed C．approached D．bothered 6．A.smiled B．complained C．pointed D．sighed 7．A.decided B．realized C．forgot D．learned 8．A.However B．Besides C．Therefore D．Otherwise 9．A.previous B．superior C．latest D．final 10．A.touched B．knew C．recognized D．noticed 11．A.congratulation B．reunion C．kindness D．ceremony 12．A.lectures B．experiences C．honors D．trips 13．A.relief B．credit C．delight D．surprise 14．A.looked forward to B．took pride in C．got connected with D．had effects on 15．A.amazing B．amusing C．curious D．confident 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述退休的幼儿园教师Jane Pearson和她的学生重聚的例子，告诉我们不管时间过了多久，总会有一些了不起的人在我们的生命中留下永远的印记。 1．答案与解析：D　根据上文“As we get older and advance in our education, the more teachers we have come into our lives.”可知随着我们年龄的增长和受教育程度的提高，我们生活中出现的老师也越来越多，所以应该是很难记住我们曾经的每一位老师。 2．答案与解析：C　根据上文“At some point, it becomes __1__ to remember every single one that we've had.”可知虽然老师多很难记住每个人，但是尽管这是真实的，也还是有些老师会对学生有影响。 3．答案与解析：A　根据下文Jane Pearson的例子，可知老师是对学生有重要的影响。A.special特殊的，重要的；B.worthless无价值的；C.regretful后悔的；D.general一般的。 4．答案与解析：B　根据下文Jane Pearson和学生们重聚的事情可知是列举了一个例子。 5．答案与解析：C　根据下文“All of them __6__ to her as they stood behind her white fence.”可知是学生们走近她，站到了她白色栅栏后。A.assisted帮助；B.interviewed采访；C.approached走近；D.bothered打扰。 6．答案与解析：A　根据下文“At first, she seemed confused, but upon closer inspection she __7__ that those teenagers used to be her students.”可知是她以前的学生，所以应该是对她微笑。 7．答案与解析：B　根据上文“At first, she seemed confused, but upon closer inspection”可知仔细看后意识到是自己以前教过的学生。 8．答案与解析：A　根据下文“they weren't just any students.”可知上下两句为转折关系。 9．答案与解析：D　根据下文“13 years ago when she retired！”可知是退休前的最后一个班级。 10．答案与解析：C　句意：她一认出这些面孔，就冲过去拥抱他们所有人。根据下文“she rushed to hug them all.”可知是认出是她的学生。 11．答案与解析：B　根据上文“when suddenly a group of high schoolers __5__ to her in graduation gowns.”可知，学生们来看望Jane，这是师生的一次重聚。A.congratulation祝贺；B.reunion重聚；C.kindness善良；D.ceremony仪式。 12．答案与解析：B　根据下文“laughing and crying now and then”可知是分享每个人不同的经历。A.lectures讲座；B.experiences经历；C.honors荣誉；D.trips旅程。 13．答案与解析：D　句意：简在同一个幼儿园教室里教了38年多，看到她对学生们给的惊喜的甜蜜反应后，我们可以肯定，这些不是她唯一影响的学生！ A．relief宽慰；B.credit赞扬；C.delight高兴；D.surprise令人惊奇的事。根据上文学生们穿着毕业礼服来看望她，可知是学生们给她准备的惊喜。 14．答案与解析：D　呼应上文“there are some teachers who have a very__3__ impact on their students' lives.”可知，此处指给学生影响。A.looked forward to期盼；B.took pride in骄傲；C.got connected with联系；D.had effects on有影响。 15．答案与解析：A　根据下文“leave a mark in our lives forever”可知是了不起的人。A.amazing令人惊喜的，了不起的；B.amusing有趣的；C.curious好奇的；D.confident自信的。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$