重难点02 单项选择之主谓一致-2025年高考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（天津专用）

重难点02 单项选择之主谓一致 考点 三年考情分析 2025考向预测 主谓一致 2023年3月：就远原则（such as） 2022年6月：就远原则（together with） 近年来，单项选择题中重点考查主谓一致中的就远原则。 预计2025年，单项选择题在主谓一致这一考点上，仍会重点考查语法一致与就远原则的运用。语法一致是构建正确句子的基础，而就远原则是处理主谓一致时的一种特殊规则，两者在主谓一致的考查中均占据核心地位。简而言之，考生需熟练掌握这两大原则，以应对未来的考试挑战。 【核心识记】 就近原则、就远原则 原则 意义及用法 例句 就近原则 主语由or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only… but also, not… but…, there be句型等连接两个或以上的并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数与最邻近的主语保持一致。 One or two friends are coming this evening. 一两个朋友今晚要来。 Neither I nor he is to blame. 我和他都不该受责备。 There are two books, a pen and a computer on the table. 桌子上有两本书，一支笔和一台电脑。 就远原则 主语后跟有with, together with, along with, as well as, like, such as, including, but, except, in addition to, rather than, instead of等结构时，谓语动词的单复数要与前面的主语保持一致 The teacher as well as the students likes this painting. 老师和学生都喜欢这幅画。 【体系建构】 （建议用时：40分钟） 【考点一：就近原则 / 就远原则】 1．（2023·天津卷第一次）Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting and destruction of habitats, ___________a reduction in the population of certain species in the past three decades. A．has caused B．have caused C．was causing D．were causing 2．（2022·天津卷第二次）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions. A．prepare B．prepares C．is preparing D．are preparing 3．（2024·天津十二区重点校·二模）An expert, together with some assistants, ______ in the lab day and night since the outbreak of the flu. A．was working B．were working C．have been working D．has been working 4．（2024·天津和平·三模）Not only some international stars but also the Chinese singer and dancer ______ wonderful performances at the concert recently. A．had given B．have given C．is giving D．has given 5．（2024·天津南开·一模）Tom, along with his assistants, ________ on the project day and night to meet the deadline. A．work B．have been working C．is working D．are working 6．（2024·天津宁河·一模）Since last month, George, along with some of his former classmates, ________ to have enjoy this summer holiday. A．have desired B．desired C．have been desiring D．has been desiring 7．（2024·天津部分区·一模）Linda as well as her two close friends ________ into universities in Beijing last year. A．was admitted B．were admitted C．has been admitted D．had been admitted 8．（2024·天津耀华·一模）Michelangelo, as well as some other artists, ________ as “artists” rather than “technicians”, which means art and technology have always been seen as two separate things. A．has been labelling B．have been labelling, C．has been labelled D．have been labelled 9．（2023·天津河西·三模）Jenny, along with two boys in our school, ______ to London to attend an international meeting the other day. A．are invited B．is invited C．were invited D．was invited 10．（2023·天津滨海新·一模）The famous director, as well as the main actors in the film, _________to a TV program to have a face-to-face talk with the audience last Saturday. A．have been invited B．has been invited C．was invited D．were invited 11．（2022·天津滨海新·一模）As fossil fuels are unsustainable, alternative energy, such as sunlight, wind and water, _____ currently. A．was employed B．is being employed C．were employed D．are being employed 12．（2022·天津耀华·二模）—Is there anyone in the classroom? —No, not only the students but also the teacher ________ to the playground to watch the opening ceremony of the Art Festival. A．goes B．go C．has gone D．have gone 13．（2022·天津河西·一模）On the last day of their week-long stay, John, as well as his friends, ________ to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars. A．invited B．was invited C．were invited D．had been invited 14．（2022·天津河东·二模）Tom, as well as his parents, ________ in China over the past five years. A．have been living B．has been living C．are living D．is living 15．（2021·天津河西·二模）________ is known to all is that the outstanding academic atmosphere, as well as various festivals and sports, ________ many students to our school. A．It： draw B．Which： draw C．What： draws D．As： draws 16．（2021·天津部分区·一模）The chemistry teacher together with some students ________ doing experiments in the lab now. A．has been B．are C．were D．is 【考点二：语法一致】 1．（2024·天津河北·二模）Many a new safety rule ______ in schools over the last three years to help create a happier and more secure learning environment. A．has made B．has been made C．have been made D．have made 2．（2024·天津九校·一模）The number of firms selling smartphones in this region ______ since last year. A．dropped B．was being dropped C．have been dropping D．has dropped 3．（2024·天津滨海新·三模）Many a measure ______ to develop local industries and promote tourism since the launch of the Green Rural Program. A．has been taken B．are taken C．have been taken D．is taken 4．（2024·天津北辰·三模）—Hey! Here is a message on my cellphone, telling me that I have won the prize of a weekend for two in Rome. —Delete it! It’s a trick. Many a person ______ by such tricks. A．was cheated B．were cheated C．has been cheated D．have been cheated 5．（2024·天津耀华·二模）There is a river near my home, into which large quantities of waste water _______ poured every day in the past. A．were B．have been C．was D．has been 6．（2024·天津十二区重点校·一模）Many a house ______ in the powerful earthquake. Fortunately, large amounts of money ______ so far for those homeless in the disastrous earthquake in Gansu Province. A．was damaged; have been collected B．were damaged; has been collected C．has been damaged; was collected D．have been damaged; were collected 7．（2023·天津河北·一模）Over the past five years, large amounts of rubbish, such as plastic bags, ________ by the volunteer team. A．have been collected B．was collected C．has been collected D．were collected 8．（2023·天津十二区重点校·一模）Turkish officials are saying that the number of people who ________ by the earthquakes that took place in southeastern Turkey ________ at least 20 million. A．had been affected; reaches B．has affected; reach C．was affected; reach D．have been affected; reaches 9．（2023·天津河东·一模）The number of people invited________ fifty, but a number of them________ absent for different reasons. A．were; was B．was; was C．was; were D．were; were 10．（2023·天津南开中学·模拟）The number of extra-curricular activities and teachers ________ my interest _________increasing. A．which arouse; are B．who arouses; is C．that arouses; are D．that arouse; is 11．（2022·天津宁河·一模）It is reported that a menu of 678 dishes for the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games ______ to meet the different taste needs of athletes. A．has designed B．have been designing C．have designed D．has been designed 12．（2022·天津新华·模拟）Up to now, a large number of new houses ________ for those who lost their homes in that terrible earthquake. A．has been built B．have been built C．is being built D．are being built 13．（2021·天津耀华·三模）Up to now, large quantities of food ________to the people affected by the terrible earthquake. A．has been distributed B．have been distributed C．is being distributed D．are being distributed 14．（2021·天津耀华·二模）More than one living species ________ forever from the earth every half an hour, which is an alarming speed. A．disappears B．are disappearing C．disappear D．is disappearing 15．（2021·天津南开·二模）The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities________ steadily since 1997. A．is rising B．are rising C．has been rising D．have been rising 16．（2021·天津十二区重点校·二模）As is reported, the number of smokers ________ dropped by 17 percent in just one year thanks to the push of health knowledge. A．is B．has C．have D．are 17．（2021·天津河东·一模）The number of people in the world ______about 6 billion, and thus large quantities of waste ______each year. A．totals; has been produced B．total; is produced C．totals; are produced D．total; are being produced 18．（2021·天津十二区重点校·一模）Many a famous pop star ________in the concert tonight, so I'm looking forward to it very much. A．are to perform B．is performing C．was performing D．were to perform 【考点三：意义一致】 1．（2024·天津河西·三模）One third of the neighborhood ______ covered with trees and the majority of the residents ______ foreigners. A．is; is B．are; are C．is; are D．are; is 2．（2024·天津十二区重点校·一模）Better than half a billion dollars ______ that fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat over the past eighty years. A．have gone into B．had gone into C．have been gone into D．has gone into 3．（2022·天津宁河·二模）The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________around $8450 a year, which ________a burden for some of them. A．are; is B．are; are C．is; are D．is; is 4．（2023·天津南开·二模）How to protect children from unsuitable material on some websites while encouraging them to use the Internet __________ in many areas of the world. A．have long been discussed B．has long been discussed C．were long been discussed D．was long been discussed 5．（2020·天津卷第一次）A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform. A．is B．are C．was D．were 6．（2020·天津南开·二模）It is estimated that living expenses for international students in the university ________ around $9,000 a year, which ________ a heavy burden for some of them. A．is; is B．are; are C．is; are D．are; is 7．（2020·天津部分区·一模）When the sun’s rays hit the earth, a lot of heat ______________ back into space A．are reflected B．is reflected C．reflects D．were reflected 8．（2020·天津耀华·一模）Nowadays the growth of food delivery apps in China ______ the country with takeout containers and plastic A．have drowned B．has been drowned C．is drowning D．are drowned ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重难点02 单项选择之主谓一致 考点 三年考情分析 2025考向预测 主谓一致 2023年3月：就远原则（such as） 2022年6月：就远原则（together with） 近年来，单项选择题中重点考查主谓一致中的就远原则。 预计2025年，单项选择题在主谓一致这一考点上，仍会重点考查语法一致与就远原则的运用。语法一致是构建正确句子的基础，而就远原则是处理主谓一致时的一种特殊规则，两者在主谓一致的考查中均占据核心地位。简而言之，考生需熟练掌握这两大原则，以应对未来的考试挑战。 【核心识记】 就近原则、就远原则 原则 意义及用法 例句 就近原则 主语由or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only… but also, not… but…, there be句型等连接两个或以上的并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数与最邻近的主语保持一致。 One or two friends are coming this evening. 一两个朋友今晚要来。 Neither I nor he is to blame. 我和他都不该受责备。 There are two books, a pen and a computer on the table. 桌子上有两本书，一支笔和一台电脑。 就远原则 主语后跟有with, together with, along with, as well as, like, such as, including, but, except, in addition to, rather than, instead of等结构时，谓语动词的单复数要与前面的主语保持一致 The teacher as well as the students likes this painting. 老师和学生都喜欢这幅画。 【体系建构】 （建议用时：40分钟） 【考点一：就近原则 / 就远原则】 1．（2023·天津卷第一次）Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting and destruction of habitats, ___________a reduction in the population of certain species in the past three decades. A．has caused B．have caused C．was causing D．were causing 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人类对动物王国的影响，如狩猎和破坏栖息地，在过去的30年里导致了某些物种的数量的减少。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语in the past three decades可知应用现在完成时，主语Human impact，谓语用第三人称单数，故选A。 2．（2022·天津卷第二次）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions. A．prepare B．prepares C．is preparing D．are preparing 【答案】B 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：批判性推理和解决问题的能力有助于青少年做出更好的决定。短语together with/along with/as well as, etc连接两个并列的名词或代词做主语时谓语动词的数由该结构前的名词或代词决定，句子主语为Critical reasoning，谓语动词应用单数形式，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故选B项。 3．（2024·天津十二区重点校·二模）An expert, together with some assistants, ______ in the lab day and night since the outbreak of the flu. A．was working B．were working C．have been working D．has been working 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自流感爆发以来，一位专家和一些助手一直在实验室夜以继日地工作。根据时间状语day and night since the outbreak of the flu可知，句子应用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某时刻开始，一直持续到现在，还有可能继续下去的动作，together with连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数与其前面的名词保持一致，An expert为单数名词，助动词用has。故选D项。 4．（2024·天津和平·三模）Not only some international stars but also the Chinese singer and dancer ______ wonderful performances at the concert recently. A．had given B．have given C．is giving D．has given 【答案】D 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：最近，不仅有一些国际明星，就连中国的歌手和舞蹈家也在音乐会上进行了精彩的表演。not only…but also连接的并列成分作主语时，其谓语通常要与靠近的主语保持一致，此处the Chinese singer and dancer为单数，根据后文recently可知为现在完成时，助动词用has。故选D。 5．（2024·天津南开·一模）Tom, along with his assistants, ________ on the project day and night to meet the deadline. A．work B．have been working C．is working D．are working 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：汤姆和他的助手们日夜工作以赶在最后期限前完成这个项目。根据句意和时间状语日日夜夜可以判断本句用现在进行时，句子主语为Tom，谓语采用第三人称单数，along with his assistants不影响谓语的单复数。故选C项。 6．（2024·天津宁河·一模）Since last month, George, along with some of his former classmates, ________ to have enjoy this summer holiday. A．have desired B．desired C．have been desiring D．has been desiring 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从上个月开始，乔治和他以前的一些同学就一直想好好享受这个暑假。根据Since last month可知，表示动作发生在过去，持续到现在，有可能进行下去，用现在完成进行时。再由主谓一致可知，名词+ along with+名词时，谓语动词和along with前面的名词George保持一致，即助动词应用has。故选D。 7．（2024·天津部分区·一模）Linda as well as her two close friends ________ into universities in Beijing last year. A．was admitted B．were admitted C．has been admitted D．had been admitted 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：琳达和她的两个密友去年被北京的大学录取了。动词admit意为“准许……加入；接收入院”，结合last year可知，事情发生在过去，故句子用一般过去时，且Linda as well as her two close friends有admit为被动关系，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，as well as连接两个成分作主语时，其后的谓语通常要与前面一个主语保持一致，本句谓语与Linda一致，be动词用was。选项A为一般过去时的被动语态，选项B为一般过去时的被动语态，选项C为现在完成时的被动语态，选项D为过去完成时的被动语态。故选A。 8．（2024·天津耀华·一模）Michelangelo, as well as some other artists, ________ as “artists” rather than “technicians”, which means art and technology have always been seen as two separate things. A．has been labelling B．have been labelling, C．has been labelled D．have been labelled 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：米开朗基罗和其他一些艺术家一样，一直被贴上“艺术家”而不是“技术人员”的标签，这意味着艺术和技术一直被视为两个独立的东西。主语米开朗琪罗和谓语label贴标签是被动关系，表示现在之前的动作用现在完成时，as well as 连接的主语谓语和最前面的主语一致，故选C。 9．（2023·天津河西·三模）Jenny, along with two boys in our school, ______ to London to attend an international meeting the other day. A．are invited B．is invited C．were invited D．was invited 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：前几天，珍妮和我们学校的两个男孩应邀去伦敦参加一个国际会议。根据后文the other day可知为一般过去时，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，并且主语后接介词短语along with不影响主语的人称和数，谓语动词应根据Jenny的人称和数来确定。故用单数。故选D。 10．（2023·天津滨海新·一模）The famous director, as well as the main actors in the film, _________to a TV program to have a face-to-face talk with the audience last Saturday. A．have been invited B．has been invited C．was invited D．were invited 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：上周六，这位著名的导演及该电影的主要演员被邀请去参加电视节目和观众面对面会谈。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，时间状语是“last Saturday”，用一般过去时。主语是“The famous director”，遵循就远一致的原则，“as well as the main actors”不影响谓语动词的选择，故谓语动词用第三人称单数，主语“The famous director”和“invite”之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C项。 11．（2022·天津滨海新·一模）As fossil fuels are unsustainable, alternative energy, such as sunlight, wind and water, _____ currently. A．was employed B．is being employed C．were employed D．are being employed 【答案】B 【详解】考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：由于化石燃料是不可持续的，目前正在使用替代能源，如阳光、风和水。根据句意和时间状语currently“目前”可知，此空要用现在进行时；句子主语为alternative energy，其后附件加成分“such as sunlight, wind and water”不影响主语的人称和数，energy是不可数名词，谓语用单数形式；主语与谓语动词employ之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；综上，谓语动词employ用现在进行时的被动语态。故选B项。 12．（2022·天津耀华·二模）—Is there anyone in the classroom? —No, not only the students but also the teacher ________ to the playground to watch the opening ceremony of the Art Festival. A．goes B．go C．has gone D．have gone 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：——教室里有人吗？——没有，不仅学生而且老师都去操场观看艺术节的开幕式了。表示“已经去往”，是现在完成时，应用have/has gone to，且not only...but also...句型遵循就近原则，与teacher保持一致，应用has。故选C。 13．（2022·天津河西·一模）On the last day of their week-long stay, John, as well as his friends, ________ to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars. A．invited B．was invited C．were invited D．had been invited 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在他们为期一周的逗留的最后一天，约翰和他的朋友们被邀请到北岸一个美丽的农场，在星空下听一场私人音乐会。当主语后接介词短语as well as并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数应和介词短语前的主语保持一致。本句中主语John, as well as his friends与谓语invite构成被动关系，结合语境可知为一般过去时的被动语态，且与John保持一致，用单数。故选B。 14．（2022·天津河东·二模）Tom, as well as his parents, ________ in China over the past five years. A．have been living B．has been living C．are living D．is living 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：汤姆和他的父母过去五年一直住在中国。 根据后文over the past five years可知，表示动作从过去某时开始发生，一直延续到现在或离现在不远的时间，并可能延续下去的动作应用现在完成进行时；且主语后接介词短语 as well as，不影响主语的人称和数，谓语动词应根据主语的人称和数来确定，即助动词用has。故选B。 15．（2021·天津河西·二模）________ is known to all is that the outstanding academic atmosphere, as well as various festivals and sports, ________ many students to our school. A．It： draw B．Which： draw C．What： draws D．As： draws 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词性从句和主谓一致。句意：众所周知，优秀的学术氛围，以及各种节日和体育活动，吸引了很多学生来我们学校。分析句子可知，第一空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，所以连接词what；as well as 连接两个主语，谓语动词的形式由前一个主语决定，因此draw 的形式是由the outstanding academic atmosphere确定的，结合语境可知，此处为一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选C。 16．（2021·天津部分区·一模）The chemistry teacher together with some students ________ doing experiments in the lab now. A．has been B．are C．were D．is 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：化学老师和一些学生正在实验室里做实验。 由时间状语now可知，需用现在进行时态：be doing，together with连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词采取“就远原则”，即谓语动词的形式取决于第一个主语，本句的第一个主语是单数the chemistry teacher，所以此处be动词需用is。故选D。 【考点二：语法一致】 1．（2024·天津河北·二模）Many a new safety rule ______ in schools over the last three years to help create a happier and more secure learning environment. A．has made B．has been made C．have been made D．have made 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的三年里，学校制定了许多新的安全规则，以帮助创造一个更快乐、更安全的学习环境。根据“over the last three years”可知，应该使用现在完成时。“many a new safety rule”作主语，谓语动词用单数，并且它承受make的动作，因此使用现在完成时的被动语态，故选B。 2．（2024·天津九校·一模）The number of firms selling smartphones in this region ______ since last year. A．dropped B．was being dropped C．have been dropping D．has dropped 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自去年以来，该地区销售智能手机的公司数量有所下降。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据该句时间状语since last year可知，此处为现在完成时，主语The number of firms selling smartphones为“……的数量”表示单数意义名词，所以为动词三单形式。故选D项。 3．（2024·天津滨海新·三模）Many a measure ______ to develop local industries and promote tourism since the launch of the Green Rural Program. A．has been taken B．are taken C．have been taken D．is taken 【答案】A 【详解】考查语态和时态。句意：自从绿色农村计划启动以来，已经采取了许多措施来发展地方工业和促进旅游业。根据“since the launch of the Green Rural Program”可知，本句为现在完成时，Many a measure 与谓语take为被动关系，Many a +单数名词，谓语动词为单数。故选A。 4．（2024·天津北辰·三模）—Hey! Here is a message on my cellphone, telling me that I have won the prize of a weekend for two in Rome. —Delete it! It’s a trick. Many a person ______ by such tricks. A．was cheated B．were cheated C．has been cheated D．have been cheated 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：——嘿!我的手机上有一条消息，告诉我我赢得了罗马双人周末游的奖励。——删除它!这是个骗局。许多人被这样的把戏骗过。根据“Delete it! It’s a trick”可知，本句应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，且主语与谓语为被动关系。Many a+单数名词作句子主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，即has been cheated。故选C项。 5．（2024·天津耀华·二模）There is a river near my home, into which large quantities of waste water _______ poured every day in the past. A．were B．have been C．was D．has been 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般过去时和主谓一致。句意：我家附近有一条河，过去每天都有大量的废水被倒进河里。根据in the past可知，此处应用一般过去时。large quantities of后跟可数或不可数名词，谓语动词应用复数形式。故选A。 6．（2024·天津十二区重点校·一模）Many a house ______ in the powerful earthquake. Fortunately, large amounts of money ______ so far for those homeless in the disastrous earthquake in Gansu Province. A．was damaged; have been collected B．were damaged; has been collected C．has been damaged; was collected D．have been damaged; were collected 【答案】A 【详解】考查动时态、语态和主谓一致。许多房子在强烈地震中被毁。幸运的是，到目前为止，已经为甘肃省灾难性地震中的无家可归者筹集了大量资金。damage和主语house之间是被动关系，用被动语态，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时，“many a+名词单数”做主语，谓语动词用单数；collect和money之间是被动关系，根据so far可知，用现在完成时的被动语态，large amounts of做主语，谓语动词用复数。故选A项。 7．（2023·天津河北·一模）Over the past five years, large amounts of rubbish, such as plastic bags, ________ by the volunteer team. A．have been collected B．was collected C．has been collected D．were collected 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的五年里，志愿者团队收集了大量垃圾，如塑料袋。结合时间状语Over the past five years，主语large amounts of rubbish和谓语动词collect是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，large amounts of+不可数名词，谓语复数形式。故选A项。 8．（2023·天津十二区重点校·一模）Turkish officials are saying that the number of people who ________ by the earthquakes that took place in southeastern Turkey ________ at least 20 million. A．had been affected; reaches B．has affected; reach C．was affected; reach D．have been affected; reaches 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：土耳其官员说，受土耳其东南部地震影响的人数至少达到2000万。第一空在who引导的定语从句作谓语，句子表示从过去到现在地震影响了人们，应用现在完成时，且who代指先行词people，和动词affect(影响)为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动，从句主语who代指people，为复数，所以第一空为have been affected，第二空作that引导的宾语从句的谓语，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，宾语从句的主语是the number of people，the number of(……的数量)后面加可数名词复数，谓语动词应用单数，故选D。 9．（2023·天津河东·一模）The number of people invited________ fifty, but a number of them________ absent for different reasons. A．were; was B．was; was C．was; were D．were; were 【答案】C 【详解】考查主谓一致：句意：聚会上的人的数量是50人，但是很多人因为各种原因缺席了。主语The number of...的数量，谓语用单数，根据句意，用一般过去时，所以第一空填was；a number of许多，修饰可数名词的复数，谓语是复数，所以第二空填were。故选C。 10．（2023·天津南开中学·模拟）The number of extra-curricular activities and teachers ________ my interest _________increasing. A．which arouse; are B．who arouses; is C．that arouses; are D．that arouse; is 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句以及主谓一致。句意：我感兴趣的课外活动和教师的数量正在增加。分析句子结构可知，第一个为定语从句的引导词以及定语从句的谓语动词，该定语从句修饰先行词extra-curricular activities and teachers。先行词定语从句中作主语，句子为一般现在时态，所以谓语动词用复数形式。当先行词即有人又有物时，只能用that引导；第二个空为主句的谓语动词。the number of+n意为“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，句子为一般现在时态。故选D。 11．（2022·天津宁河·一模）It is reported that a menu of 678 dishes for the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games ______ to meet the different taste needs of athletes. A．has designed B．have been designing C．have designed D．has been designed 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：据报道，北京2022年冬季奥运会已经设计出678道菜，以满足不同运动员的口味需求。分析句子结构可知，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句，所以that从句是主语从句，空处在that从句中做谓语，根据句意可知，设计这个动作到现在报道的时候已经完成，应用现在完成时，主语是a menu(菜单)和动词design(设计)二者之间是被动关系，此处应用现在完成时的被动，主语是单数，应用has been designed，故选D。 12．（2022·天津新华·模拟）Up to now, a large number of new houses ________ for those who lost their homes in that terrible earthquake. A．has been built B．have been built C．is being built D．are being built 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态及语态。句意：到目前为止，已经为那些在那次可怕的地震中失去家园的人们建造了大量的新房屋。分析句子并根据Up to now可知，句子应使用现在完成时have done，由于主语a large number of new houses为可数名词复数，其后完成时应使用have done；此外，由于built与主语a large number of new houses之间是被动关系，应使用现在完成时的被动语态have been built。故选B项。 13．（2021·天津耀华·三模）Up to now, large quantities of food ________to the people affected by the terrible earthquake. A．has been distributed B．have been distributed C．is being distributed D．are being distributed 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，大量的食物已经分发给了受可怕地震影响的人们。根据上文“Up to now”可知应用现在完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为large quantities of food，助动词用have。故选B。 14．（2021·天津耀华·二模）More than one living species ________ forever from the earth every half an hour, which is an alarming speed. A．disappears B．are disappearing C．disappear D．is disappearing 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：每半小时就有一个以上的生物从地球上永远消失，这是一个惊人的速度。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。disappear为短暂性动词，所以be disappearing意为“将要消失”，不符合句意。“more than one+名词单数”作主语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选A。 15．（2021·天津南开·二模）The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities________ steadily since 1997. A．is rising B．are rising C．has been rising D．have been rising 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自1997年以来，在中国大学就读的外国学生人数一直在稳步上升。根据“since 1997 ”可知，本句为现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，再结合句意可知，本句为现在完成进行时。the number of +名词复数，谓语动词为单数。故选C项。 16．（2021·天津十二区重点校·二模）As is reported, the number of smokers ________ dropped by 17 percent in just one year thanks to the push of health knowledge. A．is B．has C．have D．are 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：据报道，由于健康知识的普及，吸烟者的数量在短短一年里就下降了17%。the number of后接名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，故排除C和D项；谓语动词drop“下降”，和主语the number of smokers之间为主动关系，故排除A，根据句意及时间状语in just one year可知，此处用现在完成时。故选B项。 17．（2021·天津河东·一模）The number of people in the world ______about 6 billion, and thus large quantities of waste ______each year. A．totals; has been produced B．total; is produced C．totals; are produced D．total; are being produced 【答案】C 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态、语态。句意：世界人口总数约60亿，因此每年产生大量垃圾。第一空是谓语动词，句子是一般现在时，the number of表示“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故第一空填totals；根据第二空后的each year可知，后一个分句应用一般现在时，且主语waste和动词produce之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语由large quantities of修饰，故be动词用are。故选C项。 18．（2021·天津十二区重点校·一模）Many a famous pop star ________in the concert tonight, so I'm looking forward to it very much. A．are to perform B．is performing C．was performing D．were to perform 【答案】B 【详解】考查主谓一致及动词时态。句意：许多著名的流行歌手将在今晚的音乐会中表演，所以我非常期待。分析题意，Many a 译为“许多的”修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。同时，现在进行时可以表示按计划或安排将要发生的事，给人一种期待感。故选B项。 【考点三：意义一致】 1．（2024·天津河西·三模）One third of the neighborhood ______ covered with trees and the majority of the residents ______ foreigners. A．is; is B．are; are C．is; are D．are; is 【答案】C 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：这个社区的三分之一被树木覆盖，大多数居民是外国人。分数+of+名词作主语，谓语动词的形式要以of后面的名词而定，neighbourhood是不可数名词，所以，第一个空格处用is；the majority of后面的名词决定了它的谓语单复数形式，如果后面接可数名词复数，则谓语用复数，如果接不可数名词，则谓语用单数，所以the majority of the residents指的是复数概念，因此与are连用。故选C项。 2．（2024·天津十二区重点校·一模）Better than half a billion dollars ______ that fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat over the past eighty years. A．have gone into B．had gone into C．have been gone into D．has gone into 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的80年里，超过5亿美元投入该基金，购买了500多万英亩的栖息地。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语over the past eighty years可知，此处应使用现在完成时，go into与句子主语Better than half a billion dollars之间为主动关系，且金钱作主语时看作一个整体，所以谓语动词使用单数形式，所以该句的谓语形式为has gone into。故选D项。 3．（2022·天津宁河·二模）The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________around $8450 a year, which ________a burden for some of them. A．are; is B．are; are C．is; are D．is; is 【答案】A 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：该大学估计，国际学生每年的生活费约为8450美元，这对其中一些人来说是一种负担。分析句子结构，这是一个包含宾语从句和定语从句的复合句，宾语从句在动词estimates后面作主句的宾语，定语从句为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面一整句话表达的内容，两个空白处均需填系动词，宾语从句的主语为复数名词expenses，所以系动词与主语保持一致，使用复数形式；定语从句的主语为句子的主句，根据主谓一致的用法，当单个句子作主语的时候，谓语动词使用单数，因整个句子表达的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，所以第一个答题空填are；第二个答题空填is，故选A项。 4．（2023·天津南开·二模）How to protect children from unsuitable material on some websites while encouraging them to use the Internet __________ in many areas of the world. A．have long been discussed B．has long been discussed C．were long been discussed D．was long been discussed 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：如何在鼓励儿童使用互联网的同时，保护他们不受某些网站上不良内容的影响，这在世界许多地区早就被讨论过了。A.have long been discussed现在完成时的被动；B.has long been discussed现在完成时的被动。C项和D项形式错误。分析句子，主语是不定式短语“how+to do”，所以谓语动词用单数；根据句意，本句用现在时，且表示“已经被讨论”，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B。 5．（2020·天津卷第一次）A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：去年进行的一项调查显示，该市80％的中年人赞成医疗改革的建议。通过分析句子结构并翻译语境可知，主句时态为一般过去时，根据时态一致性可知从句中时态也为一般过去时，且从句中主语80% of the middle-aged是复数，按照主谓一致原则，因此使用be动词were。故选D项。 6．（2020·天津南开·二模）It is estimated that living expenses for international students in the university ________ around $9,000 a year, which ________ a heavy burden for some of them. A．is; is B．are; are C．is; are D．are; is 【答案】D 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：据估计，大学里留学生的生活费大约要9000美元一年，这对于其中有些人来说是一笔沉重的负担。完成本题，应分别找出两个主语，第一个空之前的主语living expenses for international students in the university可提炼出living expenses（生活费用），为可数名词复数，故谓语用are；第二个空之前的which在定语从句中作主语，指代的是先行词around $9,000 a year，“一年大约9000美金”在此处为一个费用数额，在英语中视为一个整体，使用单数，故谓语用is。综上，本题应选D。 7．（2020·天津部分区·一模）When the sun’s rays hit the earth, a lot of heat ______________ back into space A．are reflected B．is reflected C．reflects D．were reflected 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态语态及主谓一致。句意：当太阳光线照射到地球上时，大量的热量被反射回太空。句子描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时；heat是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数，且与reflect是逻辑被动关系，应使用被动语态。故选B。 8．（2020·天津耀华·一模）Nowadays the growth of food delivery apps in China ______ the country with takeout containers and plastic A．have drowned B．has been drowned C．is drowning D．are drowned 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在进行时态和主谓一致。句意：如今，中国外卖app的发展让整个国家被外卖盒和塑料淹没。根据Nowadays可知句子用现在进行时态，再根据句子主语growth是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。故选C。 ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$