精品解析：新疆喀什地区巴楚县第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

巴楚县第一中学2024-2025学年第一学期 高二年级 第三次月考 英语试卷 考试时间：90分钟 一、阅读理解第一节（共10题，每题3分，共30分） Women scientists around the world have made significant contributions to Stem (science, technology, engineering, and maths). Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world. Wu Chienshiung (1912—1997) Bon in Taicang, Jiangsu province, Wu took part in the Manhattan Project which helped create the world’s first nuclear weapon. Her famous Wu experiment overturned the theory of parity (宇称理论) in physics. This breakthrough led to a Nobel Prize that was awarded to her male colleagues, but Wu’s critical role in the work was overlooked. Hedy Lamarr (1914—2000) Austria-born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self-taught inventor. During the second world war, Lamarr together with George Antheil, a composer, developed a radio guidance system. The principle of their work is part of the basis of Bluetooth and wireless technology. Katherine Johns (1918—2020) African American NASA mathematician Johnson’s calculations were critical in getting the first US astronauts to space and back safely. During her 33-year career at NASA, Katherine earned a reputation for mastering complex calculations and was referred to as a “human computer”. Tu Youyou (1930—) Born in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, Tu shared the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with two other foreign scientists, for her work in discovering artemisinin, a drug used to treat malaria (疟疾). Her work has saved millions of lives all over the world. Tu is the first Chinese Nobel winner in physiology or medicine and the first female citizen of the PRC to win a Nobel Prize. 1. Besides being an inventor, Hedy Lamarr is also a(n)________. A. composer B. producer C. actress D. mathematician 2. What is Tu Youyou’s greatest contribution to the world? A. She treated people for malaria. B. Her discovery helped save millions. C. She is the first Chines Nobel winner. D. Her research project is one of a kind. 3. What do the four female scientists have in common? A. They shared the same interest. B. They each constructed a theory. C They were all awarded the Nobel Prize. D. They all made a difference to the world. B Charles Robert Darwin was born on 12 February 1809 in Shropshire, England. Darwin’s childhood passion was science, and his interest in chemistry, however, was clear: he was even nicknamed ‘Gas’ by his classmates. In 1825, his father sent him to study medicine at Edinburgh University, where he learned how to classify plants. Darwin became passionate about natural history and this became his focus while he studied at Cambridge. Darwin went on a voyage together with Robert Fitzroy, the captain of HMS Beagle, to South America to facilitate British trade in Patagonia. The journey was life-changing. Darwin spent much of the trip on land collecting samples of plants, animals and rocks, which helped him to develop an understanding of the processes that shape the Earth’s surface. Darwin’s analysis of the plants and animals that he gathered led him to express doubts on former explanations about how species formed and evolved over time. Darwin’s work convinced him that natural selection was key to understanding the development of the natural world. The theory of natural selection says that individuals of a species are more likely to survive when they inherit (经遗传获得) characteristics best suited for that specific environment. These features then become more widespread and can lead eventually to the development of a new species. With natural selection, Darwin argued how a wide variety of life forms developed over time from a single common ancestor. Darwin married his cousin, Emma Wedgwood, in 1839. When Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died from a sudden illness in 1851, he lost his belief in God. His tenth and final child, Charles Waring Darwin, was born in 1856. Significantly for Darwin, this baby was disabled, altering how Darwin thought about the human species. Darwin had previously thought that species remained adapted until the environment changed; he now believed that every new variation was imperfect and that a struggle to survive was what drove species to adapt. Though rejected at the beginning, Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection is nowadays well accepted by the scientific community as the best evidence-based explanation for the diversity and complexity of life on Earth. The Natural History Museum’s library alone has 478 editions of his On the Origin of Species in 38 languages. 4. What made Darwin reconsider the origin and development of species? A. Examining plants and animals collected. B. His desire for a voyage to different continents. C. Classifying samples in a journey to South America. D. His passion for natural history at Edinburgh University. 5. Which of the following changed Darwin’s view on the human species? A. That he had ten children in all. B. That he lost his eldest daughter. C. His youngest son’s being disabled. D. His marriage with Emma Wedgwood. 6. What can we learn from the passage? A. Darwin’s interest of study never changed. B. Darwin’s happy family gave him much support in his studies. C. Darwin’s discoveries were based on his life and field studies. D. Darwin’s theory of evolution was accepted at the very beginning. 7. What is the passage mainly about? A. Darwin’s passion for medical science. B. Charles Darwin’s changing interest. C. Charles Darwin’s discoveries and family tics. D. Charles Darwin’s life and work. C It is important to know another language and how to communicate without words when you are in another country. Before saying anything, people communicate with each other by using gestures(手势). However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world. In the United States, nodding your head up and down means “yes”, while in some parts of Greece and Turkey, it means “no”. In the southeast of Asia, it is a polite way of saying “I heard you”. Today in the USA, when someone puts his thumb up, it means “Everything is all right.” However, in Greece it is bad. Also putting your clasped(紧握的) hands up above your head means “I am the winner.” It is the sign which players often make. In Russia it is the sign of friendship. In the USA, holding your hand up with the thumb and index finger(食指), and the other three straight means “Everything is OK.” In France, it means “You are worth nothing.” It is also important to make eye communication. If you look down when talking to an American, he or she may feel that you are shy, or you are trying to hide something. Besides these, you should also know there are some topics that cannot be talked about, such as age, weight and marriage. You can talk about the weather, work, sports, food, where one lives and news of the day. 8. Which of the following is true? A. People all over the world only communicate by words. B. Many gestures either have different meanings or no meanings at all. C. Gestures are the most common way to communicate. D. People can talk about anything in another country. 9. Putting the thumb up should not be used in ________. A. Greece B. the USA C. England D. China 10. The main idea of the passage is that when you are in another country, ________. A. It is important to know the language. B. It is important to know what you talk about to a foreigner. C. To know how to communicate without words is as important as to know the language. D. To communicate through gestures is more important than to know the language. 二、阅读理解第二节--七选五（共5题，每题4分，共 20 分） How to Succeed in Science To succeed in science, you need a lot more than luck. In my view, you have to combine intelligence with willingness not to follow conventions when they block your path forward. Thus, these have come to be my rules for success. • ___11___ That might sound proud, but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than yourself. It’s like playing any game. Even as a child, I never wanted to play games with anyone who was as bad as I was. If you win, it gives you no pleasure. And in the game of science or life, the highest goal isn’t simply to win; it’s to win at something really difficult. ___12___ • Take risks. ___13___ If you are going to make a huge jump in science, you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition. Besides, you even have to be prepared to disbelieve your scientific heroes. This can be more than personally upsetting. • Never do anything that bores you. My experience in science is that someone is always telling you to do things, and then leave you alone. ___14___ In fact, I even find it hard to do well in something I like. It’s very hard to succeed if you don’t want to be with other scientists — you have to go to key meetings where you find key facts that would have escaped you. And you have to chat with your competitors, even if you find them unpleasant. So my final rule is: ___15___ A. To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble. B. Meet challenges with great courage. C. Put another way, it’s to go somewhere beyond your ability and come out on top. D. Be sure you always have someone to save you from a deep mess. E. I’m not good enough to do well in something I dislike. F. If you can’t stand to be with your real peers get out of science. G. Avoid foolish people. 三、完型填空（共15题，每题2分，共 30 分） Ashley Liberto asked her students to use the school’s 3D imaging equipment to make a prosthetic limb (假肢) for her dog Bentley. Bentley developed cancer after one leg became swollen, which was later ___16___ to save his life. Ashley described this experience as “___17___” and “emotional”. Bentley is now healthy and still ___18___ all of his usual activities, but he gets ___19___ easily with only three legs. So Ashley brought him in to meet the school’s 3D printing students, and they were excited to get to ___20___. Senior Brandon led some students in designing a prosthetic limb for Bentley. Brandon said it was nice to have a(n) ___21___ that would improve someone’s life. Bentley ___22___ to his new limb with ease. And the students were ___23___ to see their work put to such practical, real-life ___24___. “Just seeing Bentley walk with four legs and seeing the ___25___ this project was going to have was really something special” Brandon said. Bentley is ___26___ using a temporary limb, but the final one will be ready in a few weeks. Ashley was happy that her students stepped up in such a ___27___ to improve her dog’s quality of life. “___28___ are amazing.” she said. “They have such an imagination. They want to ___29___ big things in life.” These students really got a taste of what it’s like to be true ___30___. Well done! 16. A. run over B. cut off C. checked up D. hidden away 17. A. scary B. embarrassing C. disappointing D. important 18. A. hosts B. guides C. loves D. changes 19. A. bored B. tired C. confused D. lost 20. A. contact B. repair C. work D. adjust 21. A. project B. qualification C. presentation D. urge 22. A. contributed B. added C. turned D. adapted 23. A. surprised B. regretful C. proud D. selfless 24. A. scene B. use C. image D. level 25. A. impact B. purpose C. relation D. problem 26. A. constantly B. frequently C. typically D. currently 27. A. situation B. way C. matter D. case 28. A. Dogs B. Limbs C. Students D. Teachers 29. A. discover B. explore C. influence D. do 30. A. inventors B. operators C. artists D. pioneers 四、语篇填空（共10题，每题2分，共 20 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, is one of China’s most famous ____31____ (scientist). Yet, he considers himself a farmer because he ____32____ (continual) works the land in his research. Indeed, his slim ____33____ strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life. Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing. His parents wanted him to pursue a career in science or medicine. However, ____34____ concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. To tackle this crisis, he chose to study agriculture and ____35____ (receive) an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. After graduating in 1953, he worked as a researcher. Yuan Longping realized that larger fields were not the solution. Instead, farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had. How this could be done was a ____36____ (challenge) question at the time. Yuan was convinced that the answer could ____37____ (find) in the creation of hybrid rice. A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species. One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a ____38____ (high) yield than conventional crops. However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was ____39____ matter of great debate. The common assumption then was that it could not be done. Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers _____40_____ (expand) their output greatly. 五、书面表达第一节（共1题，共 20 分） 41. 你刚参加了你校举办的秋季运动会。请为校英文报写篇报道，内容包括： 1.赛事介绍； 2.你的感受。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Our school hosted the fall sports meet on Monday morning ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 书面表达第二节（共1题，共 30 分） 42. 请你根据科学家精神谈谈自自己感受，说说高中生在学习和生活中应该如何做。题目自拟，完成一篇短文。 注意：写作词数应为100个字左右；请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 巴楚县第一中学2024-2025学年第一学期 高二年级 第三次月考 英语试卷 考试时间：90分钟 一、阅读理解第一节（共10题，每题3分，共30分） Women scientists around the world have made significant contributions to Stem (science, technology, engineering, and maths). Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world. Wu Chienshiung (1912—1997) Bon in Taicang, Jiangsu province, Wu took part in the Manhattan Project which helped create the world’s first nuclear weapon. Her famous Wu experiment overturned the theory of parity (宇称理论) in physics. This breakthrough led to a Nobel Prize that was awarded to her male colleagues, but Wu’s critical role in the work was overlooked. Hedy Lamarr (1914—2000) Austria-born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self-taught inventor. During the second world war Lamarr together with George Antheil, a composer, developed a radio guidance system. The principle of their work is part of the basis of Bluetooth and wireless technology. Katherine Johns (1918—2020) African American NASA mathematician Johnson’s calculations were critical in getting the first US astronauts to space and back safely. During her 33-year career at NASA, Katherine earned a reputation for mastering complex calculations and was referred to as a “human computer”. Tu Youyou (1930—) Born in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, Tu shared the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with two other foreign scientists, for her work in discovering artemisinin, a drug used to treat malaria (疟疾). Her work has saved millions of lives all over the world. Tu is the first Chinese Nobel winner in physiology or medicine and the first female citizen of the PRC to win a Nobel Prize. 1. Besides being an inventor, Hedy Lamarr is also a(n)________. A. composer B. producer C. actress D. mathematician 2. What is Tu Youyou’s greatest contribution to the world? A. She treated people for malaria. B. Her discovery helped save millions. C. She is the first Chines Nobel winner. D. Her research project is one of a kind. 3. What do the four female scientists have in common? A. They shared the same interest. B. They each constructed a theory. C. They were all awarded the Nobel Prize. D. They all made a difference to the world. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四位改变世界的女性科学家。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Hedy Lamarr (1914—2000)部分中的“Austria-born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self-taught inventor. (奥地利出生的拉玛出演了许多好莱坞电影，并取得了巨大的成功。她还非常聪明，是一个自学成才的发明家)”可知，除了是一个发明家，海蒂·拉玛也是一位女演员。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tu Youyou (1930—)部分中的“Her work has saved millions of lives all over the world. (她的工作拯救了全世界数百万人的生命)”可知，屠呦呦对世界最大的贡献是她的发现帮助拯救了数百万人。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world. (下面是四位打破界限、改变世界的人)”可知，这四位女科学家共同之处是她们都对世界产生了影响。故选D。 B Charles Robert Darwin was born on 12 February 1809 in Shropshire, England. Darwin’s childhood passion was science, and his interest in chemistry, however, was clear: he was even nicknamed ‘Gas’ by his classmates. In 1825, his father sent him to study medicine at Edinburgh University, where he learned how to classify plants. Darwin became passionate about natural history and this became his focus while he studied at Cambridge. Darwin went on a voyage together with Robert Fitzroy, the captain of HMS Beagle, to South America to facilitate British trade in Patagonia. The journey was life-changing. Darwin spent much of the trip on land collecting samples of plants, animals and rocks, which helped him to develop an understanding of the processes that shape the Earth’s surface. Darwin’s analysis of the plants and animals that he gathered led him to express doubts on former explanations about how species formed and evolved over time. Darwin’s work convinced him that natural selection was key to understanding the development of the natural world. The theory of natural selection says that individuals of a species are more likely to survive when they inherit (经遗传获得) characteristics best suited for that specific environment. These features then become more widespread and can lead eventually to the development of a new species. With natural selection, Darwin argued how a wide variety of life forms developed over time from a single common ancestor. Darwin married his cousin, Emma Wedgwood, in 1839. When Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died from a sudden illness in 1851, he lost his belief in God. His tenth and final child, Charles Waring Darwin, was born in 1856. Significantly for Darwin, this baby was disabled, altering how Darwin thought about the human species. Darwin had previously thought that species remained adapted until the environment changed; he now believed that every new variation was imperfect and that a struggle to survive was what drove species to adapt. Though rejected at the beginning, Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection is nowadays well accepted by the scientific community as the best evidence-based explanation for the diversity and complexity of life on Earth. The Natural History Museum’s library alone has 478 editions of his On the Origin of Species in 38 languages. 4 What made Darwin reconsider the origin and development of species? A. Examining plants and animals collected. B. His desire for a voyage to different continents. C. Classifying samples in a journey to South America. D. His passion for natural history at Edinburgh University. 5. Which of the following changed Darwin’s view on the human species? A. That he had ten children in all. B. That he lost his eldest daughter. C. His youngest son’s being disabled. D. His marriage with Emma Wedgwood. 6. What can we learn from the passage? A. Darwin’s interest of study never changed. B. Darwin’s happy family gave him much support in his studies. C. Darwin’s discoveries were based on his life and field studies. D. Darwin’s theory of evolution was accepted at the very beginning. 7. What is the passage mainly about? A. Darwin’s passion for medical science. B. Charles Darwin’s changing interest. C. Charles Darwin’s discoveries and family tics. D. Charles Darwin’s life and work. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文的生平、科学兴趣、重要理论以及他的个人生活。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Darwin’s analysis of the plants and animals that he gathered led him to express doubts on former explanations about how species formed and evolved over time.(达尔文对所收集的植物和动物的分析使他开始质疑过去关于物种如何形成和随时间演化的解释。)”可知，达尔文对所收集的植物和动物的分析使他对物种的起源和发展产生质疑和重新审议。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“His tenth and final child, Charles Waring Darwin, was born in 1856. Significantly for Darwin, this baby was disabled, altering how Darwin thought about the human species.(他的第十个也是最后一个孩子查尔斯·沃林·达尔文于1856年出生。对达尔文来说，这个婴儿是残疾的，这改变了达尔文对人类物种的看法。)”可知，达尔文最小的孩子的先天残疾使达尔文改变了人类物种的看法。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Darwin went on a voyage together with Robert Fitzroy, the captain of HMS Beagle, to South America to facilitate British trade in Patagonia. The journey was life-changing. Darwin spent much of the trip on land collecting samples of plants, animals and rocks, which helped him to develop an understanding of the processes that shape the Earth’s surface. Darwin’s analysis of the plants and animals that he gathered led him to express doubts on former explanations about how species formed and evolved over time.( 达尔文与HMS贝格尔号（HMS Beagle）的船长罗伯特·菲茨罗伊（Robert Fitzroy）一同前往南美洲，以促进英国在巴塔哥尼亚（Patagonia）的贸易。这次旅行彻底改变了达尔文的人生。达尔文在旅途中大部分时间都在陆地上，收集植物、动物和岩石的样本，这帮助他理解了塑造地球表面的过程。达尔文对他所收集的植物和动物的分析，使他开始怀疑以前关于物种如何随时间形成和演化的解释。)”和文章倒数第二段“His tenth and final child, Charles Waring Darwin, was born in 1856. Significantly for Darwin, this baby was disabled, altering how Darwin thought about the human species. Darwin had previously thought that species remained adapted until the environment changed; he now believed that every new variation was imperfect and that a struggle to survive was what drove species to adapt.(他的第十个孩子，也是最后一个孩子，查尔斯·沃林·达尔文，出生于1856年。对达尔文来说，这个孩子的出生意义重大，因为他是个残疾人，这改变了达尔文对人类物种的看法。达尔文之前认为，物种会一直适应环境，直到环境发生变化；而现在他相信，每一个新的变异都是不完美的，而生存斗争才是推动物种适应环境的动力。)”可知，我们可以从文章中了解到，达尔文的发现是基于他的生活和实地研究的。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章前三段主要讲述了查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文的生平、学业经历、科学兴趣对其理论形成和发展的影响。第四段讲述了他的家庭和个人生活、最后一段讲述了达尔文理论的地位和影响。因此，文章主要讲述了达尔文的生活和工作。故选D。 C It is important to know another language and how to communicate without words when you are in another country. Before saying anything, people communicate with each other by using gestures(手势). However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world. In the United States, nodding your head up and down means “yes”, while in some parts of Greece and Turkey, it means “no”. In the southeast of Asia, it is a polite way of saying “I heard you”. Today in the USA, when someone puts his thumb up, it means “Everything is all right.” However, in Greece it is bad. Also putting your clasped(紧握的) hands up above your head means “I am the winner.” It is the sign which players often make. In Russia it is the sign of friendship. In the USA, holding your hand up with the thumb and index finger(食指), and the other three straight means “Everything is OK.” In France, it means “You are worth nothing.” It is also important to make eye communication. If you look down when talking to an American, he or she may feel that you are shy, or you are trying to hide something. Besides these, you should also know there are some topics that cannot be talked about, such as age, weight and marriage. You can talk about the weather, work, sports, food, where one lives and news of the day. 8. Which of the following is true? A People all over the world only communicate by words. B. Many gestures either have different meanings or no meanings at all. C. Gestures are the most common way to communicate. D. People can talk about anything in another country. 9. Putting the thumb up should not be used in ________. A. Greece B. the USA C. England D. China 10. The main idea of the passage is that when you are in another country, ________. A. It is important to know the language. B. It is important to know what you talk about to a foreigner. C. To know how to communicate without words is as important as to know the language. D. To communicate through gestures is more important than to know the language. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文通过手势语与眼神的交流来说明当你在另一个国家时，了解另一种语言进行交流与了解如何不用语言进行交流是同等的重要。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段的最后一句“However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world.”可知，许多手势要么有不同的意义要么根本就没有意义。故B选项正确。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段的第二句“However，in Greece it is bad.”可知，竖起大拇指在希腊是不好的。所以竖起大拇不应该在希腊被使用。故A项正确。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。分析文章的结构可知，本文属于总-分结构，由第一段中的“It is important to know another language and how to communicate without words when you are in another country.”可知，当你在另一个国家时，了解另一种语言进行交流以及了解如何不用语言进行交流都是很重要的。所以整篇文章通过手势语与眼神的交流来说明当你在另一个国家时，了解用另一种语言进行交流与了解如何不用语言进行交流是同等的重要。故C选项正确。 二、阅读理解第二节--七选五（共5题，每题4分，共 20 分） How to Succeed in Science To succeed in science, you need a lot more than luck. In my view, you have to combine intelligence with willingness not to follow conventions when they block your path forward. Thus, these have come to be my rules for success. • ___11___ That might sound proud, but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than yourself. It’s like playing any game. Even as a child, I never wanted to play games with anyone who was as bad as I was. If you win, it gives you no pleasure. And in the game of science or life, the highest goal isn’t simply to win; it’s to win at something really difficult. ___12___ • Take risks. ___13___ If you are going to make a huge jump in science, you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition. Besides, you even have to be prepared to disbelieve your scientific heroes. This can be more than personally upsetting. • Never do anything that bores you. My experience in science is that someone is always telling you to do things, and then leave you alone. ___14___ In fact, I even find it hard to do well in something I like. It’s very hard to succeed if you don’t want to be with other scientists — you have to go to key meetings where you find key facts that would have escaped you. And you have to chat with your competitors, even if you find them unpleasant. So my final rule is: ___15___ A. To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble. B. Meet challenges with great courage. C. Put another way, it’s to go somewhere beyond your ability and come out on top. D. Be sure you always have someone to save you from a deep mess. E. I’m not good enough to do well in something I dislike. F. If you can’t stand to be with your real peers, get out of science. G. Avoid foolish people. 【答案】11. G 12. C 13. A 14. E 15. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在科学上取得成功的一些经验和方法。 【11题详解】 空处是段落标题，需统领段落内容，且需和其他段落标题一样使用祈使句的形式。根据后文“That might sound proud, but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than yourself. It’s like playing any game. Even as a child, I never wanted to play games with anyone who was as bad as I was. (这听起来可能很骄傲，但事实是，你必须经常求助于比你聪明的人。就像玩任何游戏一样。即使在我还是个孩子的时候，我也从来不想和像我一样糟糕的人玩游戏)”可知，本段的建议与和比自己聪明的人相处相关，因此G项“Avoid foolish people. (避免愚蠢的人)”符合语境，契合段落内容，其中的foolish和后文的brighter相对。故选G。 【12题详解】 前文“And in the game of science or life, the highest goal isn’t simply to win; it’s to win at something really difficult. (在科学或人生的游戏中，最高目标不仅仅是取胜；而是在非常困难的事情上获胜)”解释在科学中获胜的性质，因此C项“Put another way, it’s to go somewhere beyond your ability and come out on top. (换句话说，就是超越自己的能力，取得成功)”符合语境，进一步解释获胜的含义，承接前文。故选C。 【13题详解】 空处位于段首，应该引出段落内容。后文“If you are going to make a huge jump in science, you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition. Besides, you even have to be prepared to disbelieve your scientific heroes. This can be more than personally upsetting. (如果你想在科学上有一个巨大的飞跃，从定义上讲，你很可能没有资格成功。此外，你甚至要准备好怀疑你的科学英雄。这可能不仅仅是个人的烦恼)”主要介绍了在科学上获得成功的困难，因此A项“To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble. (为了取得巨大的成功，科学家必须准备好陷入大麻烦)”符合语境，点明要有陷入大麻烦的准备，其中的deep trouble呼应后文描述的困难。故选A。 【14题详解】 段落标题“Never do anything that bores you. (不要做任何让你厌烦的事情)”建议在科学上避免让自己厌烦的事情，后文“In fact, I even find it hard to do well in something I like. (事实上，我甚至发现很难做好我喜欢的事情)”分享做好喜欢的事情也有难度的经验，因此E项“I’m not good enough to do well in something I dislike. (我不够好，不能做好我不喜欢的事情)”符合语境，分享很难做好不喜欢的事情的经验，呼应标题，后文是对选项内容的延伸。故选E。 【15题详解】 前文“It’s very hard to succeed if you don’t want to be with other scientists — you have to go to key meetings where you find key facts that would have escaped you. And you have to chat with your competitors, even if you find them unpleasant. (如果你不想和其他科学家在一起，你就很难取得成功——你必须参加一些重要的会议，在那里你会发现一些你可能会漏掉的关键事实。你必须和你的竞争对手聊天，即使你觉得他们不讨人喜欢)”说明想在科学上取得成功必须和他人相处协作，因此F项“If you can’t stand to be with your real peers, get out of science. (如果你不能忍受和你真正的同龄人在一起，那就离开科学吧)”符合语境，点明无法和他人待在一起就应放弃科学，是对前文内容的总结。故选F。 三、完型填空（共15题，每题2分，共 30 分） Ashley Liberto asked her students to use the school’s 3D imaging equipment to make a prosthetic limb (假肢) for her dog Bentley. Bentley developed cancer after one leg became swollen, which was later ___16___ to save his life. Ashley described this experience as “___17___” and “emotional”. Bentley is now healthy and still ___18___ all of his usual activities, but he gets ___19___ easily with only three legs. So Ashley brought him in to meet the school’s 3D printing students, and they were excited to get to ___20___. Senior Brandon led some students in designing a prosthetic limb for Bentley. Brandon said it was nice to have a(n) ___21___ that would improve someone’s life. Bentley ___22___ to his new limb with ease. And the students were ___23___ to see their work put to such practical, real-life ___24___. “Just seeing Bentley walk with four legs and seeing the ___25___ this project was going to have was really something special,” Brandon said. Bentley is ___26___ using a temporary limb, but the final one will be ready in a few weeks. Ashley was happy that her students stepped up in such a ___27___ to improve her dog’s quality of life. “___28___ are amazing.” she said. “They have such an imagination. They want to ___29___ big things in life.” These students really got a taste of what it’s like to be true ___30___. Well done! 16. A. run over B. cut off C. checked up D. hidden away 17. A. scary B. embarrassing C. disappointing D. important 18. A. hosts B. guides C. loves D. changes 19. A. bored B. tired C. confused D. lost 20. A. contact B. repair C. work D. adjust 21. A. project B. qualification C. presentation D. urge 22. A. contributed B. added C. turned D. adapted 23. A. surprised B. regretful C. proud D. selfless 24. A. scene B. use C. image D. level 25. A. impact B. purpose C. relation D. problem 26. A. constantly B. frequently C. typically D. currently 27. A. situation B. way C. matter D. case 28. A. Dogs B. Limbs C. Students D. Teachers 29. A. discover B. explore C. influence D. do 30. A. inventors B. operators C. artists D. pioneers 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述Ashley Liberto让她的学生使用学校的三维成像设备为自己的狗狗做出了假肢的故事。 【16题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Bentley在一条腿肿胀后患上了癌症，后来为了挽救他的生命，他的腿被切除了。A. run over轧过，碾过；B. cut off切断，切掉；C. checked up检查，审查；D. hidden away躲藏。根据下文“but he gets ___4___ easily with only three legs”可知，Bentley切掉了一条腿，故选B。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ashley将这次经历描述为“可怕的”和“情绪化的”。A. scary可怕的，吓人的；B. embarrassing令人尴尬的；C. disappointing令人失望的； D. important重要的。结合上文Bentley患上了癌症并截肢可知，这样的经历很可怕，故选A。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bentley现在很健康，仍然喜欢所有的日常活动，但它只有三条腿，很容易累。A. hosts主办，主持；B. guides指导；C. loves喜爱；D. changes改变。根据上文“Bentley is now healthy”及语境可知，Bentley恢复了健康，仍然喜爱所有的日常活动，故选C。 【19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bored无聊的；B. tired疲惫的，累的；C. confused困惑的；D. lost丢失的，迷失的。根据下文“with only three legs”可知，狗狗只有三条腿，所以很容易感觉到累，故选B。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以Ashley带他去见了学校的3D打印专业的学生，他们很兴奋地开始工作。A. contact联系；B. repair修理；C. work工作；D. adjust调整。根据下文“Senior Brandon led some students in designing a prosthetic limb for Bentley.(高年级学生Brandon带领一些学生为Bentley设计假肢)”可知，学生们很兴奋地开始工作，为Bentley设计假肢，故选C。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Brandon说有一个能改善别人生活的项目很好。A. project项目；B. qualification资格，资历；C. presentation提交，演示；D. urge冲动。根据下一段中“this project”可知，此处指一个能改善别人生活的项目，故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bentley很容易就适应了他的新假肢。A. contributed做贡献；B. added增加；C. turned转弯，转变；D. adapted适应。上一句提到学生们为Bentley设计了一条假肢，结合下一段中“Just seeing Bentley walk with four legs(看着Bentley用四条腿走路)”可知，Bentley很容易就适应了他的新假肢，故选D。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们很自豪地看到他们的工作得到了如此实际的、现实的应用。A. surprised惊讶的；B. regretful遗憾的；C. proud自豪的，骄傲的；D. selfless无私的。学生们看到自己设计的假肢发挥作用应是感到自豪，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. scene场景，现场；B. use使用，运用；C. image形象；D. level水平。根据下文“Just seeing Bentley walk with four legs”以及“Bentley is ___11___ using a temporary limb”可知，Bentley使用假肢行走，故学生们设计的假肢得到了实际的应用，故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Brandon说：“看到Bentley用四条腿走路，看到这个项目将产生的影响，真的很特别。”A. impact影响；B. purpose目的；C. relation关系，关联；D. problem问题。结合“this project was going to have”可知，此处是指“看到这个项目将产生的影响”， have an impact有影响，固定短语，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Bentley目前正在使用一个临时假肢，但最终的假肢将在几周内准备好。A. constantly不断地；B. frequently频繁地；C. typically典型地；D. currently目前。结合本句使用的现在进行时可知，此处指“Bentley目前正在使用一个临时假肢”，故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ashley很高兴她的学生们以这种方式提高了她的狗的生活质量。A. situation情况，形势；B. way方式；C. matter事情；D. case案例。结合句意可知，此处指“以这种方式提高了她的狗的生活质量”，故选B。 28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“学生们很了不起。”她说。A. Dogs狗；B. Limbs假肢；C. Students学生；D. Teachers老师。结合下文“They have such an imagination.(他们如此富有想象力)”可知，此处是Ashley夸赞学生们，故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们想在生活中做大事。A. discover发现；B. explore探索；C. influence影响；D. do做。根据空后“big things”可知，此处指“做大事”，用动词do，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些学生真正体会到了成为真正的发明家的滋味。A. inventors发明家；B. operators操作人员；C. artists艺术家；D. pioneers先驱。结合上文“They have such an imagination.”以及文章内容可知，学生们富有想象力，使用三维成像设备制作出了假肢，故此处指他们真正体会到了成为真正的发明家的滋味。故选A。 四、语篇填空（共10题，每题2分，共 20 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, is one of China’s most famous ____31____ (scientist). Yet, he considers himself a farmer because he ____32____ (continual) works the land in his research. Indeed, his slim ____33____ strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life. Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing. His parents wanted him to pursue a career in science or medicine. However, ____34____ concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. To tackle this crisis, he chose to study agriculture and ____35____ (receive) an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. After graduating in 1953, he worked as a researcher. Yuan Longping realized that larger fields were not the solution. Instead, farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had. How this could be done was a ____36____ (challenge) question at the time. Yuan was convinced that the answer could ____37____ (find) in the creation of hybrid rice. A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species. One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a ____38____ (high) yield than conventional crops. However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was ____39____ matter of great debate. The common assumption then was that it could not be done. Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers _____40_____ (expand) their output greatly. 【答案】31. scientists 32. continually 33. but 34. what 35. received 36. challenging 37. be found 38. higher 39. a 40. to expand 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇传记。文章主要讲述了被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平的一生，包括他的出生背景、求学经历、科研贡献以及他对农民生活的深切关怀。 【31题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：袁隆平，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”，是中国最著名的科学家之一。由前面的one of China’s most famous可知，本空用名词scientist“科学家”的复数形式，故填scientists。 【32题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，他认为自己是一名农民，因为他持续不断地在土地上工作进行研究。本空用副词continually“持续不断地”，作状语，修饰works，故填continually。 【33题详解】 考查连词。句意：事实上，他瘦削而强壮的身体就像数百万中国农民一样，他为他们奉献了自己的一生。slim与strong为转折关系，本空用连词but连接。故填but。 【34题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：然而，最让他关心的是农民经常收成不好，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。本空引导主语从句，且从句缺少指物的主语，用what“什么”引导。故填what。 【35题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：为了应对这场危机，他选择学习农业，并在重庆西南农业大学接受教育。根据and前的chose可知，本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，本空用receive“收到，接受”的过去式，与前面的chose并列，作谓语。故填received。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当时，如何做到这一点是一个具有挑战性的问题。本空用形容词challenging“具有挑战性的”，作定语，修饰question，故填challenging。 【37题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：袁隆平相信，答案可以在创造杂交水稻中找到。that引导的宾语从句中，主语the answer与动词find“找到”为被动关系，本空用被动语态be found，位于情态动词could后，be用原形，故填be found。 【38题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：杂交的一个特征是它们通常比传统作物获得更高的产量。本空用形容词high的比较级higher“更高的”，作定语，修饰yield，故填higher。 39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：然而，是否可以培育出像水稻这样的自花授粉植物的杂交种是一个激烈争论的问题。此处泛指“一个问题”，且matter以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种杂交使农民能够大幅提高他们的产出。本句谓语为enabled，此处为非谓语动词，且farmers 与expand“增加”为主动关系，应用不定式，作宾补。故填to expand。 五、书面表达第一节（共1题，共 20 分） 41. 你刚参加了你校举办的秋季运动会。请为校英文报写篇报道，内容包括： 1.赛事介绍； 2.你的感受。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Our school hosted the fall sports meet on Monday morning. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Our school hosted the fall sports meet on Monday morning. The event had a variety of sports activities, including track and field, relay races, and team games. Participants from different grades competed against each other. The atmosphere was filled with cheers and encouragement from both the competitors and the audiences. Personally, I did enjoy participating in the sports event. It provided me with an opportunity to showcase my athletic abilities and compete alongside my classmates. It was also a great way to bond with my friends, promoting sportsmanship, teamwork, and a healthy lifestyle among us. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校英文报写篇关于学校举办的秋季运动会的报道。 【详解】1.词汇积累 各种各样的：a variety of→ various 充满：be filled with→ be full of 竞争对手：competitor→ rival 参加：participate in→ join in 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Personally, I did enjoy participating in the sports event. It provided me with an opportunity to showcase my athletic abilities and compete alongside my classmates. 拓展句：Personally, I did enjoy participating in the sports event, which provided me with an opportunity to showcase my athletic abilities and compete alongside my classmates. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 It provided me with an opportunity to showcase my athletic abilities and compete alongside my classmates. （运用了不定式to showcase作定语） 【高分句型2】 It was also a great way to bond with my friends, promoting sportsmanship, teamwork, and a healthy lifestyle among us.（运用了现在分词promoting作结果状语） 书面表达第二节（共1题，共 30 分） 42. 请你根据科学家精神谈谈自自己的感受，说说高中生在学习和生活中应该如何做。题目自拟，完成一篇短文。 注意：写作词数应为100个字左右；请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 As a high school student, embracing the spirit of scientists is crucial. Scientists display curiosity, determination, and perseverance. In my daily life, I should cultivate an inquisitive mind, always eager to explore the unknown. Facing difficulties, persistence is essential. For instance, when tackling challenging math problems, I try different approaches rather than giving up. Additionally, collaboration is key as scientific advancements often result from teamwork. Therefore, participating in group study or projects can be beneficial. Ultimately, embodying these scientific traits helps us not only in academics but also in building a comprehensive approach to life’s challenges. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。请考生根据科学家精神谈谈自自己的感受，说说高中生在学习和生活中应该如何做。 【详解】1.词汇积累 帮助：help→assist 培养：cultivate→foster 处理：tackle→deal with 参加：participate in→take part in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Scientists display curiosity, determination, and perseverance. 拓展句：As we all know, scientists display curiosity, determination, and perseverance. 【点睛】[高分句型1] For instance, when tackling challenging math problems, I try different approaches rather than giving up. (运用了状语从句的省略) [高分句型2] Additionally, collaboration is key as scientific advancements often result from teamwork. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$