精品解析：山东省临沂河东区2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题

2023级普通高中学科素养水平监测试卷 英语 2024.11 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。 2. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. A reusable bag. B. A change in daily habits. C. A potential danger to animals. 2. When does the woman usually wake up? A. At 6:00 a. m. B. At 7:00 a. m. C. At 8:00 a. m. 3. Where will the kite festival take place? A. By the sea. B. At the park. C. On the square. 4. What does the man ask the woman for advice on? A. How to do schoolwork. B. How to be organized. C. How to set goals. 5. In which country did the woman experience culture shock? A. Spain. B. Japan. C. America. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What can mimic octopuses do? A. Act like humans. B. Change their looks. C. Live on land for a long time. 7. Why do mimic octopuses live in shallow sandy areas? A. To find food more easily. B. To hide from large animals. C. To protect themselves from natural disasters. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What's the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Developer and customer. 9. What feature does the platform have? A. It helps make study plans. B. It offers online exams. C. It has previous classes. 10. What subject does the platform support now? A. Biology. B. Chemistry. C. Information technology. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where are the speakers probably? A. At home. B. In a supermarket. C. In a restaurant. 12. What is the main dish for the cookout? A. Hamburgers and hot dogs. B. Potato pancakes. C. Chocolate pizzas. 13. What will the man do next Saturday? A. Clean up his backyard. B. Buy barbecue tools. C. Prepare the seating. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does the man say about the workshops? A. They' re in tourist spots. B. They' re open to the public. C. They' re lacking in leaders. 15. What do the workshops mix? A. Local and foreign elements. B. Unique and common elements. C. Ancient and modern elements. 16. What is the main goal of the project? A. To increase tourism. B. To teach modern art. C. To pass down the tradition. 17. How does the woman feel about the project? A. Worried. B. Interested. C. Doubtful. 听第10段材料，回答第18 至20题。 18. Who might the speaker be? A. The leader of the town. B. The president of the university. C The designer of the community center. 19. Where will free Internet be available? A. At the gym. B. In the library. C. In the performance hall. 20. What do we know about the meeting hall? A. It opens at 6:00 a. m. B. It needs a reservation. C. It only hosts community meetings. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A NOBEL PRIZES 2024 The Nobel Prize in Physics 2024 John Hopfield; Geoffrey Hinton “for foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks” This year’ s awardees used tools from physics to construct methods that helped lay the foundation for today’ s powerful machine learning. John Hopfield created a structure that can store and reconstruct information. Geoffrey Hinton invented a method that can independently discover properties in data and which has become important for the large artificial neural networks now in use. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2024 David Baker “for computational protein design” Demis Hassabis; John Jumper “for protein structure prediction” The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2024 is about proteins, life’s ingenious (巧妙的) chemical tools. David Baker has succeeded with the almost impossible achievement of building entirely new kinds of proteins. Demis Hassabis and John Jumper have developed an AI model to solve a 50-year-old problem: predicting proteins’ complex structures. These discoveries hold enormous potential. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2024 Victor Ambros; Gary Ruvkun “for the discovery of microRNA and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation” Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun discovered microRNA, a new class of tiny RNA molecules that play a crucial role in gene regulation. Their groundbreaking discovery in the small worm C. elegans revealed a completely new principle of gene regulation. This turned out to be essential for multicellular organisms, including humans. MicroRNAs are proving to be very important for how organisms develop and function. The Nobel Prize in Literature 2024 Han Kang “for her intense poetic prose (散文) that confronts historical traumas directly and exposes the weakness of human life” In her all works, Han Kang faces historical traumas and invisible sets of rules and, in each of her works, exposes the fragility of human life. She has a unique awareness of the connections between body and soul, the living and the dead, and in her poetic and experimental style has become an creator in contemporary prose. 1. Who won the Nobel Prize in Physics 2024 for artificial neural networks? A. Victor ambros and gary ruvkun. B. John Hopfield and John Jumper. C. Demis Hassabis and John Jumper. D. John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton. 2. Which field is the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry focused on? A. Protein design and prediction. B. Machine learning. C. Gene regulation. D. MicroRNA discovery. 3. What main themes do Han Kang’s works explore? A. The protection of the natural environment. B. Cross-cultural communication and integration. C. The impact of technological progress on society. D. Historical traumas and the fragility of human life. B When I was in school, I absolutely looked down upon art. As a child growing up in northern Wales, I never scored higher than an E in my art finals. However, I wasn’t too shocked because I didn’t see myself pursuing it as a profession. From a very young age, around four, I had this habit of sleepwalking. During the night, I’d wander under the stairs and draw aimlessly on the walls. By the time I turned 15, my drawings had evolved. I was sketching everything from portraits of Marilyn Monroe to odd, unrealistic paintings. I showed some of my work to my art teachers, who asked, “Why can’t you create like this during class?” It was a mystery to me too. I tried my hardest to draw when I was awake, practicing with the same tools. But no matter how much I tried, I couldn’t reproduce the drawings I made while asleep. After finishing school, I embarked on a career in nursing, where I mainly helped people with brain injuries. Along the way, I met my partner, who is incredibly supportive of my artistic pursuits and sleepwalking habits. He often films me as I work. Whenever I start painting in my sleep, I use whatever tools I can find, sometimes even knives and forks. This is the only thing that concerns my partner — the fear that I might accidentally hurt myself. I’ve visited numerous sleep clinics to find out what’s causing this, but my health seems perfectly fine. However, alcohol or lack of sleep does seem to trigger my sleepwalking, so I’m cautious about that. I’ve come to embrace my unique talent and organized my first art exhibition in 2007 at the local library, raising money for cancer research. Within just a week, I received 160 calls from various media outlets and organizations wanting to learn more about my art. I was thrilled. That’s when I decided to leave my fulfilling job in nursing and pursue a full-time career as an artist. 4. Why wasn’t the author upset about her art final exams? A. She was unwilling to work in art field. B. She was confident in herself. C. She had very little interest in her study. D. She had got used to her E in art. 5. What did art teachers think of the author’s sleepwalking paintings? A. They felt worried about them. B. They were indifferent about them. C. They showed confidence about them. D. They expressed much doubt about them. 6. Why did the author’s partner sometimes film him while he was sleepwalking? A. To support the author’s artistic habits. B. To capture the author’s sleepwalking. C. To show his worry about his safety. D. To show sleepwalking was enteraining. 7. What was the turning point that made the author decide to become a full-time artist? A. Organizing a donation event. B. Receiving support from his partner. C. Finding out the cause of his sleepwalking. D. Receiving calls from media outlets and organizations. C Is modern fruit cultivated (培育) to be sweeter than in the past? The short answer is yes, though the longer answer is more complicated. Some of the most powerful evidence that fruit is sweeter than before comes from zoos. In 2018, it was reported that Melboume Zoo in Australia had stopped giving fruit to most of its animals because cultivated fruit was now so sweet that it was causing tooth decay (蛀牙) and weight gain. The monkeys at the zoo were provided with a lower-sugar vegetable-based diet instead of bananas. Among fruit cultivators, the word “quality” is now routinely used as an equal for “high in sugar” (though firmness, color and size are also considerations). In 2010, in an article looking at ways to enhance the sweetness of fruit using “molecuiar (分子的) approaches”, a group of plant scientists of the Republic of Korea wrote that “in general, the sugar content” of many fruits is now higher than before “owing to continuous selection and breeding”. Modern apple varieties, the scientists noted, were on average sweeter than older ones. Cultivation isn’t the only reason that modern fruit is sweeter; there’s also climate change. Research from Japan found that since the 1970s, with rising temperatures, Fuji apples (which were already a sweet variety) have become significantly sweeter and softer. The lead researcher, Toshihoko Sugiura, said that “if you could taste an apple harvested 30 years ago, you would feel the difference”. It is sometimes claimed that the sweetness of modern fruit is not due to higher sugar content so much as the fact that the bitterness and sourness of wild fruit have been steadily cultivated out of it. There’s a grain — but only a grain — of truth in this. Studies of wild apples do indeed suggest that some ancient varieties were just as high in sugar as a modern Pink Lady or Honeycrisp. The difference is that there was much wider variation in sugar content across wild apples, whereas the modern supermarket apple seldom drops below a certain level of sweetness. 8. Why did Melbourne Zoo stop giving fruit to most of its animals? A. The animals preferred a vegetable- based diet. B. Modern fruit did great harm to animals’ teeth. C. The sugar content of modern fruit is lower than before. D. The flavor of modern fruit was not good for the animals. 9. What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. The sugar content is breeders’ first priority. B. Sweeter fruits are just a result of natural selection. C. The sweetness of modern apples is equal to the average of older ones. D. Molecular approaches are adopted to add the sweetness of modern fruit. 10. What do studies of wild apples in the last paragraph suggest? A. Apples of old species tasted less sweet. B. The sugar content of wild apples varied greatly. C. The sweetness of modern apples is of the same level. D. Fruit is sweet because bitterness in it has disappeared. 11. What’s the best title for this passage? A. Modern or Old: Which Is Better? B. Modern Fruit: Sweetness Is Quality. C. Fruit Is Sweeter: It’s Not a Misconception. D. Melbourne Zoo: Animals Stop Eating Fruits. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Pursue Your Dreams Today, Not Tomorrow Have you caught yourself daydreaming about your dreams? We often postpone our dreams, trapped in a cycle of delay. But why wait? _______12_______ You don’t have to take a huge, life-changing step. You can take minute steps toward a brighter future. And start right now. _______13_______ If you never try, you’re going to be weighed down by your regrets. You’re always going to wonder how your life would’ve turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don’t let your future self be disappointed by your present self. It doesn’t matter how old you are or how many people have warned you that you’re never going to succeed. Even the most successful people have had their hesitations about whether they had what it took to make it in their field. _______14_______ Embrace a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach. At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. If you allow your fear to get the best of you, you’re never going to forgive yourself. ______15______. It’s what you would encourage your friends to do, so why aren’t you giving yourself that same push? Sometimes, following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making slight adjustments to your schedule, but you don’t have to sacrifice everything to follow your hearts. Try to strike a balance between your current life and your dreams. _______16_______ Pursue your dreams now, even though that means you might need to break out of your comfort zone, and even though it means entering the unknown. A Ask yourself what would be worse. B. Starting small is completely acceptable. C. You owe it to yourself to go after your dreams. D New opportunities may lead to personal growth. E. If things go well you can gradually make further shifts. F. You need to move past your insecurities and explore your full potential. G. Hard as it is, it’s crucial to wave off the doubts in the back of your mind. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I could feel the excitement rising in me as I held the beautifully wrapped present in my hands. Unable to contain my ____17____ any longer, I tore it open. It was a brand new laptop as my ____18____ for the A’s I got in final examinations. I had always ____19____ my friends who were exchanging news about various apps. Finally, it was my ____20____ to find them out. I was searching for some information for my paper when I came across a social networking site, which soon I became glued to. As time passed I came to ____21____ that I was hooked on the Internet. During weekends, I could easily spend hours on my laptop. It came to such a point where I' chose to ____22____ myself in my room, ____23____ to enjoy family time. Soon', my sleep was divided to only scattered naps, and my grades at school also began to ____24____. It was about this time that my parents started voicing their ____25____. It became obvious that I was spending too much time on the Internet. I was asked to ____26____ my usage of it. Yet, however hard I tried, I was unable to pull myself away, unable to ____27____ my chat sessions, and unable to concentrate on my lessons. I was ____28____ for just another click and another look at my message board. Then one day, my father took away my laptop. I ____29____ but in vain. Over time, I knew that dad and mom had always wanted the best for me. That was when I decided to ____30____ my Internet addiction. Quitting was harder than I expected. But with dogged____31____, I knew that I would turn over a new leaf. 17. A. anxiety B. curiosity C. faith D. doubt 18. A. gift B. tool C. reward D. sign 19. A. hated B. enjoyed C. understood D. envied 20. A. way B. duty C. turn D. honor 21. A. state B. realize C. decide D. believe 22. A. lock B. occupy C. devote D. hurt 23. A. refusing B. expecting C. pretending D. skipping 24. A. shake B. adapt C. rise D. slip 25. A. refusal B. disapproval C. happiness D. satisfaction 26. A. cut down B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through 27. A. strengthen B. quit C. have D. destroy 28. A. confident B. serious C. desperate D. patient 29. A. forgave B. escaped C. complained D. whispered 30. A. change B. answer C. serve D. defeat 31. A. determination B. performance C. explanation D. preference 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 ____32____ has recently gained fame on Chinese social media is the opening of the outer regions of the Ailao Mountains (哀牢山) to tourists by authorities, as the inner areas remain untouched and ____33____ (potential) hazardous. In this region, an endangered white-eared night-heron (海南鳽), which is a member of the elusive heron family, ____34____ (spot) in the mountains of Southwest China. Listed as endangered by the IUCN ____35____ protected by the Chinese government, only about 1,000 of these birds remain globally. ____36____ (know) as the “world’ s most mysterious bird,” they prefer dense forests and are difficult to track. The improved local ecology is ____37____ (attract) more rare wildlife, and this species, native ____38____ China and Vietnam, has been seen in the reserve for three consecutive years. The other day, a spotted adult bird was captured by experts and equipped with a satellite tracker before ____39____ (release) back into the wild. “Bird calls nearby indicated the ____40____ (present) of more than one bird,” said Zhao Xuebing, _____41_____ PhD student from Yunnan University who participated in the bird-banding operation. 第三节 根据提示翻译句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 42. 今天早上他又迟到了，这让他的英语老师很生气。(定语从句) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 43. 还需要过些年大多数新住宅才会开始使用这种新技术。（before）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________ 44. 用餐后轻轻用手在胃部转圈表示“我饱了”。（动名词做宾语和表语）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 45. 袁隆平让人印象最深刻的是他不断实现梦想的能力。（运用主语从句） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 46. 预测未来的最好方式就是创造未来。（动词不定式作定语和表语）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文（满分15分） 47. 假定你是李华，近期学校计划举行一次演讲比赛，主题为“Hero in my eyes”，你对比赛要求有些疑问，想咨询一下英语老师Tina。请你用英语给老师写一封电子邮件，询问相关的细节，如：比赛要求、活动时间和地点等，同时表达期望。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按以下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tina, I’m more than happy to write to you. I’m Li Hua, a high school student in our school. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your attention. I’m looking forward to the contest. Yours Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 48. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A couple of years back, when I was still a teenager, I was troubled by frequent headaches that felt like I wanted to bang my head against a hard surface. I was eager to find a way to stop them. If you’ve been through this, I can feel your silent nod; for those who haven’t, let me tell you, it’s truly painful. I had exhausted all possibilities. Sadly, none provided a lasting relief for my tormenting pain. In my desperation, my dad suggested I try acupuncture (针灸), something he once underwent in Hong Kong. It had relieved his backache when nothing else worked. I was unfamiliar with acupuncture and hadn’t tried out traditional Chinese medicine before. With my heart set on previous failures, I embarked on this acupuncture journey, ending up in a middle-aged lady’s clinic filled with Chinese herbs. Once I settled on the patient's chair, she inquired about my reason for visiting. After that, she placed three fingers on my wrist and silently checked my pulse. She then led me to a room and instructed me to lie down. Moments later, she took out needles, which made me anxious because I'm not comfortable with sharp objects. The initial acupuncture session was a real surprise. To treat my headaches, the needles were first placed on the back of my hand, far from my head. The sensation was unexpected too: as the practitioner gently tapped and turned the needle in, I didn’t feel the needle but a wave spreading through my body. She then continued with more needles all over: my head, face, stomach, legs, arms, and even toes. The entire session lasted just 20 minutes. Following that, she prescribed some herbal tea for me to drink daily for five days. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: As I started acupuncture treatments, I was a bit nervous. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Over time, I noticed a big difference in my headaches. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023级普通高中学科素养水平监测试卷 英语 2024.11 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。 2. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. A reusable bag. B. A change in daily habits. C. A potential danger to animals. 2. When does the woman usually wake up? A. At 6:00 a. m. B. At 7:00 a. m. C. At 8:00 a. m. 3. Where will the kite festival take place? A. By the sea. B. At the park. C. On the square. 4. What does the man ask the woman for advice on? A. How to do schoolwork. B. How to be organized. C. How to set goals. 5. In which country did the woman experience culture shock? A. Spain. B. Japan. C. America. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What can mimic octopuses do? A. Act like humans. B. Change their looks. C. Live on land for a long time. 7. Why do mimic octopuses live in shallow sandy areas? A. To find food more easily. B. To hide from large animals. C. To protect themselves from natural disasters. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8 What's the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Developer and customer. 9. What feature does the platform have? A. It helps make study plans. B. It offers online exams. C. It has previous classes. 10. What subject does the platform support now? A. Biology. B. Chemistry. C. Information technology. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where are the speakers probably? A. At home. B. In a supermarket. C. In a restaurant. 12. What is the main dish for the cookout? A. Hamburgers and hot dogs. B. Potato pancakes. C. Chocolate pizzas. 13. What will the man do next Saturday? A. Clean up his backyard. B. Buy barbecue tools. C. Prepare the seating. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does the man say about the workshops? A. They' re in tourist spots. B. They' re open to the public. C. They' re lacking in leaders. 15. What do the workshops mix? A. Local and foreign elements. B. Unique and common elements. C. Ancient and modern elements. 16. What is the main goal of the project? A. To increase tourism. B. To teach modern art. C. To pass down the tradition. 17. How does the woman feel about the project? A. Worried. B. Interested. C. Doubtful. 听第10段材料，回答第18 至20题。 18. Who might the speaker be? A. The leader of the town. B. The president of the university. C. The designer of the community center. 19. Where will free Internet be available? A. At the gym. B. In the library. C. In the performance hall. 20. What do we know about the meeting hall? A. It opens at 6:00 a. m. B. It needs a reservation. C. It only hosts community meetings. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A NOBEL PRIZES 2024 The Nobel Prize in Physics 2024 John Hopfield; Geoffrey Hinton “for foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks” This year’ s awardees used tools from physics to construct methods that helped lay the foundation for today’ s powerful machine learning. John Hopfield created a structure that can store and reconstruct information. Geoffrey Hinton invented a method that can independently discover properties in data and which has become important for the large artificial neural networks now in use. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2024 David Baker “for computational protein design” Demis Hassabis; John Jumper “for protein structure prediction” The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2024 is about proteins, life’s ingenious (巧妙的) chemical tools. David Baker has succeeded with the almost impossible achievement of building entirely new kinds of proteins. Demis Hassabis and John Jumper have developed an AI model to solve a 50-year-old problem: predicting proteins’ complex structures. These discoveries hold enormous potential. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2024 Victor Ambros; Gary Ruvkun “for the discovery of microRNA and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation” Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun discovered microRNA, a new class of tiny RNA molecules that play a crucial role in gene regulation. Their groundbreaking discovery in the small worm C. elegans revealed a completely new principle of gene regulation. This turned out to be essential for multicellular organisms, including humans. MicroRNAs are proving to be very important for how organisms develop and function. The Nobel Prize in Literature 2024 Han Kang “for her intense poetic prose (散文) that confronts historical traumas directly and exposes the weakness of human life” In her all works, Han Kang faces historical traumas and invisible sets of rules and, in each of her works, exposes the fragility of human life. She has a unique awareness of the connections between body and soul, the living and the dead, and in her poetic and experimental style has become an creator in contemporary prose. 1. Who won the Nobel Prize in Physics 2024 for artificial neural networks? A. Victor ambros and gary ruvkun. B. John Hopfield and John Jumper. C. Demis Hassabis and John Jumper. D. John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton. 2. Which field is the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry focused on? A. Protein design and prediction. B. Machine learning. C. Gene regulation. D. MicroRNA discovery. 3. What main themes do Han Kang’s works explore? A. The protection of the natural environment. B. Cross-cultural communication and integration. C. The impact of technological progress on society. D. Historical traumas and the fragility of human life. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了2024年诺贝尔物理学奖、化学奖、生理学或医学奖以及文学奖的获奖者及其获奖原因等相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The Nobel Prize in Physics 2024”部分内容“John Hopfield; Geoffrey Hinton “for foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks” (约翰・霍普菲尔德；杰弗里・辛顿 “因其基础性的发现与发明，使得利用人工神经网络进行机器学习成为可能”)”可知，2024年因在人工神经网络方面的贡献而获得诺贝尔物理学奖的是John Hopfield和Geoffrey Hinton。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2024”部分提到“David Baker “for computational protein design” (大卫・贝克“因其在计算蛋白质设计方面的贡献”)”以及“Demis Hassabis; John Jumper “for protein structure prediction” (德米斯・哈萨比斯；约翰・琼珀“因其在蛋白质结构预测方面的贡献”)”可知，2024年诺贝尔化学奖聚焦于蛋白质设计与预测领域。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The Nobel Prize in Literature 2024”部分“Han Kang “for her intense poetic prose that confronts historical traumas directly and exposes the weakness of human life” (韩江“因其饱含强烈情感的诗意散文，直接面对历史创伤并揭示出人类生活的脆弱性”)”以及“In her all works, Han Kang faces historical traumas and invisible sets of rules and, in each of her works, exposes the fragility of human life. (在韩江的所有作品中，她直面历史创伤和无形的规则，并且在每一部作品中都揭示出人类生活的脆弱性。)”可知，韩江作品主要探讨的主题是历史创伤以及人类生活的脆弱性。故选D。 B When I was in school, I absolutely looked down upon art. As a child growing up in northern Wales, I never scored higher than an E in my art finals. However, I wasn’t too shocked because I didn’t see myself pursuing it as a profession. From a very young age, around four, I had this habit of sleepwalking. During the night, I’d wander under the stairs and draw aimlessly on the walls. By the time I turned 15, my drawings had evolved. I was sketching everything from portraits of Marilyn Monroe to odd, unrealistic paintings. I showed some of my work to my art teachers, who asked, “Why can’t you create like this during class?” It was a mystery to me too. I tried my hardest to draw when I was awake, practicing with the same tools. But no matter how much I tried, I couldn’t reproduce the drawings I made while asleep. After finishing school, I embarked on a career in nursing, where I mainly helped people with brain injuries. Along the way, I met my partner, who is incredibly supportive of my artistic pursuits and sleepwalking habits. He often films me as I work. Whenever I start painting in my sleep, I use whatever tools I can find, sometimes even knives and forks. This is the only thing that concerns my partner — the fear that I might accidentally hurt myself. I’ve visited numerous sleep clinics to find out what’s causing this, but my health seems perfectly fine. However, alcohol or lack of sleep does seem to trigger my sleepwalking, so I’m cautious about that. I’ve come to embrace my unique talent and organized my first art exhibition in 2007 at the local library, raising money for cancer research. Within just a week, I received 160 calls from various media outlets and organizations wanting to learn more about my art. I was thrilled. That’s when I decided to leave my fulfilling job in nursing and pursue a full-time career as an artist. 4. Why wasn’t the author upset about her art final exams? A. She was unwilling to work in art field. B. She was confident in herself. C. She had very little interest in her study. D. She had got used to her E in art. 5. What did art teachers think of the author’s sleepwalking paintings? A. They felt worried about them. B. They were indifferent about them. C. They showed confidence about them. D. They expressed much doubt about them. 6. Why did the author’s partner sometimes film him while he was sleepwalking? A. To support the author’s artistic habits. B. To capture the author’s sleepwalking. C. To show his worry about his safety. D. To show sleepwalking was enteraining. 7. What was the turning point that made the author decide to become a full-time artist? A. Organizing a donation event. B. Receiving support from his partner. C. Finding out the cause of his sleepwalking. D. Receiving calls from media outlets and organizations. 【答案】4 A 5. C 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己从小对艺术不感兴趣，却意外发现自己梦游时具有绘画才能，并最终决定放弃原有职业，全职投入艺术创作的个人经历。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“As a child growing up in northern Wales, I never scored higher than an E in my art finals. However, I wasn’t too shocked because I didn’t see myself pursuing it as a profession.(作为在威尔士北部长大的孩子，我的美术期末考试成绩从未高于E等级。然而，我并未感到太过震惊，因为我从未想过要将它作为职业来追求)”可知，作者对艺术领域的职业没有兴趣，所以对她的艺术考试成绩不感到沮丧。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“During the night, I’d wander under the stairs and draw aimlessly on the walls. By the time I turned 15, my drawings had evolved. I was sketching everything from portraits of Marilyn Monroe to odd, unrealistic paintings. I showed some of my work to my art teachers, who asked, “Why can’ t you create like this during class?”(夜里，我会在楼梯下徘徊，并在墙上漫无目的地画画。到我15岁时，我的画作已经有所发展。我从玛丽莲·梦露的肖像画到那些奇怪、不切实际的画作，什么都画。我把一些作品拿给美术老师看，他们问：“你为什么在课堂上不能像这样创作呢？”)”可推知，美术老师们认为作者梦游时的画作非常不错。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Along the way, I met my partner, who is incredibly supportive of my artistic pursuits and sleepwalking habits. He often films me as I work.(在这一过程中，我遇到了我的伴侣，他对我追求艺术和梦游的习惯非常支持。我经常在画画时被他拍摄下来)”可知，作者的伴侣拍下作者梦游是为了支持作者追求艺术和梦游的习惯。故选A。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Within just a week, I received 160 calls from various media outlets and organizations wanting to learn more about my art. I was thrilled. That’s when I decided to leave my fulfilling job in nursing and pursue a full-time career as an artist.(仅仅一周内，我就接到了来自各种媒体机构和组织的160个电话，他们都想更多地了解我的艺术。我非常激动。就在这时，我决定放弃我原本很有成就感的护理工作，转而追求全职艺术家的职业生涯)”可知，接到媒体和组织的电话是作者决定成为全职艺术家的转折点。故选D。 C Is modern fruit cultivated (培育) to be sweeter than in the past? The short answer is yes, though the longer answer is more complicated. Some of the most powerful evidence that fruit is sweeter than before comes from zoos. In 2018, it was reported that Melboume Zoo in Australia had stopped giving fruit to most of its animals because cultivated fruit was now so sweet that it was causing tooth decay (蛀牙) and weight gain. The monkeys at the zoo were provided with a lower-sugar vegetable-based diet instead of bananas. Among fruit cultivators, the word “quality” is now routinely used as an equal for “high in sugar” (though firmness, color and size are also considerations). In 2010, in an article looking at ways to enhance the sweetness of fruit using “molecuiar (分子的) approaches”, a group of plant scientists of the Republic of Korea wrote that “in general, the sugar content” of many fruits is now higher than before “owing to continuous selection and breeding”. Modern apple varieties, the scientists noted, were on average sweeter than older ones. Cultivation isn’t the only reason that modern fruit is sweeter; there’s also climate change. Research from Japan found that since the 1970s, with rising temperatures, Fuji apples (which were already a sweet variety) have become significantly sweeter and softer. The lead researcher, Toshihoko Sugiura, said that “if you could taste an apple harvested 30 years ago, you would feel the difference”. It is sometimes claimed that the sweetness of modern fruit is not due to higher sugar content so much as the fact that the bitterness and sourness of wild fruit have been steadily cultivated out of it. There’s a grain — but only a grain — of truth in this. Studies of wild apples do indeed suggest that some ancient varieties were just as high in sugar as a modern Pink Lady or Honeycrisp. The difference is that there was much wider variation in sugar content across wild apples, whereas the modern supermarket apple seldom drops below a certain level of sweetness. 8. Why did Melbourne Zoo stop giving fruit to most of its animals? A. The animals preferred a vegetable- based diet. B. Modern fruit did great harm to animals’ teeth. C. The sugar content of modern fruit is lower than before. D. The flavor of modern fruit was not good for the animals. 9. What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. The sugar content is breeders’ first priority. B. Sweeter fruits are just a result of natural selection. C. The sweetness of modern apples is equal to the average of older ones. D. Molecular approaches are adopted to add the sweetness of modern fruit. 10. What do studies of wild apples in the last paragraph suggest? A. Apples of old species tasted less sweet. B. The sugar content of wild apples varied greatly. C. The sweetness of modern apples is of the same level. D. Fruit is sweet because bitterness in it has disappeared. 11. What’s the best title for this passage? A. Modern or Old: Which Is Better? B. Modern Fruit: Sweetness Is Quality. C. Fruit Is Sweeter: It’s Not a Misconception. D. Melbourne Zoo: Animals Stop Eating Fruits. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】文章是说明文。文章主要讲述了现代农业技术使得现代水果比以前更甜。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“In 2018, it was reported that Melboume Zoo in Australia had stopped giving fruit to most of its animals because cultivated fruit was now so sweet that it was causing tooth decay(蛀牙) and weight gain.(据报道，2018年，澳大利亚墨尔本动物园已经停止给大多数动物提供水果，因为现在种植的水果太甜了，会导致蛀牙和体重增加。)”可知现代水果对动物的牙齿有很大的危害，因此停止了给动物供应水果。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Among fruit cultivators, the word “quality” is now routinely used as an equal for “high in sugar”(though firmness, color and size are also considerations). In 2010, in an article looking at ways to enhance the sweetness of fruit using “molecuiar(分子的) approaches”, a group of plant scientists of the Republic of Korea wrote that “in general, the sugar content” of many fruits is now higher than before “owing to continuous selection and breeding”. (在水果种植者中，“优质”这个词现在通常被用作“高糖”的同义词(尽管硬度、颜色和大小也要考虑在内)。2010年，韩国的一组植物科学家在一篇文章中探讨了如何利用“分子方法”来提高水果的甜度，他们写道，“总的来说，由于不断的选择和育种”，现在许多水果的“含糖量”比以前要高。)”可知，现代水果的甜度采用分子方法，故选D项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“The difference is that there was much wider variation in sugar content across wild apples, whereas the modern supermarket apple seldom drops below a certain level of sweetness.(不同之处在于，野生苹果的含糖量变化更大，而现代超市里的苹果很少低于一定的甜度。)” 可知野生苹果的含糖量变化很大，故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容“Is modern fruit cultivated(培育) to be sweeter than in the past? The short answer is yes, though the longer answer is more complicated.( 现代种植的水果比过去更甜吗?简短的回答是肯定的，但较长的回答更为复杂)”并通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了现代农业技术使得现代水果比以前更甜。可知C项“水果更甜：这不是一个误解。”为最佳标题，故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Pursue Your Dreams Today, Not Tomorrow Have you caught yourself daydreaming about your dreams? We often postpone our dreams, trapped in a cycle of delay. But why wait? _______12_______ You don’t have to take a huge, life-changing step. You can take minute steps toward a brighter future. And start right now. _______13_______ If you never try, you’re going to be weighed down by your regrets. You’re always going to wonder how your life would’ve turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don’t let your future self be disappointed by your present self. It doesn’t matter how old you are or how many people have warned you that you’re never going to succeed. Even the most successful people have had their hesitations about whether they had what it took to make it in their field. _______14_______ Embrace a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach. At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. If you allow your fear to get the best of you, you’re never going to forgive yourself. ______15______. It’s what you would encourage your friends to do, so why aren’t you giving yourself that same push? Sometimes, following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making slight adjustments to your schedule, but you don’t have to sacrifice everything to follow your hearts. Try to strike a balance between your current life and your dreams. _______16_______ Pursue your dreams now, even though that means you might need to break out of your comfort zone, and even though it means entering the unknown. A. Ask yourself what would be worse. B. Starting small is completely acceptable. C. You owe it to yourself to go after your dreams. D. New opportunities may lead to personal growth. E. If things go well, you can gradually make further shifts. F. You need to move past your insecurities and explore your full potential. G. Hard as it is, it’s crucial to wave off the doubts in the back of your mind. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. G 15. F 16. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何追求自己的梦想提出了一些建议。 【12题详解】 根据下文“You don’t have to take a huge, life-changing step. You can take minute steps toward a brighter future. And start right now. (你不需要迈出巨大、改变人生的一步。你可以一步一步走向更光明的未来。现在就开始)”可知，下文提到了不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步，可知本句是在建议从小的地方开始。故B选项“Starting small is completely acceptable. (从小处开始是完全可以接受的)”能引出下文，符合语境，故选B。 【13题详解】 根据下文“If you never try, you’re going to be weighed down by your regrets. You’re always going to wonder how your life would’ve turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don’t let your future self be disappointed by your present self. (如果你从不尝试，你就会被你的遗憾压垮。你总是想知道，如果你真的给自己一个机会，你的生活会变成什么样子。不要让未来的自己被现在的自己失望)”可知，本段的主旨是给自己一个改变生活的机会，即建议去追求自己的梦想。故C选项“You owe it to yourself to go after your dreams. (你应该为自己去追求你的梦想)”能概括本段主旨，符合语境，故选C。 【14题详解】 根据下文“Embrace a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach. (拥有一种坚定的心态，知道成功是触手可及的)”可知，下文提到要拥有坚定的心态，可知要摆脱怀疑的心态。故G选项“Hard as it is, it’s crucial to wave off the doubts in the back of your mind. (尽管困难重重，但摆脱心中的疑虑是至关重要的)”能引出下文，符合语境，故选G。 【15题详解】 根据上文“At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. If you allow your fear to get the best of you, you’re never going to forgive yourself. (在一天结束的时候，你需要为自己开辟一条通往最大满足感的道路。如果你让恐惧占据了你最好的一面，你永远不会原谅自己)”可知，上文提到不要让恐惧占据了你最好的一面，即建议要克服恐惧和不安全感。故F选项“You need to move past your insecurities and explore your full potential. (你需要克服你的不安全感，发掘你的全部潜力)”能承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Sometimes, following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making slight adjustments to your schedule, but you don’t have to sacrifice everything to follow your hearts. Try to strike a balance between your current life and your dreams (有时候，追随你的激情意味着每天花费大量的时间。这可能需要对你的时间表做一些调整，但你不必为了跟随自己的内心而牺牲一切。试着在你现在的生活和你的梦想之间取得平衡)”可知，上文提到了在你现在的生活和你的梦想之间取得平衡，本句为本段最后一句，故应说明这么做的结果。故E选项“If things go well, you can gradually make further shifts. (如果一切顺利，你可以逐渐做出进一步的改变)”能承接上文，符合语境，故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I could feel the excitement rising in me as I held the beautifully wrapped present in my hands. Unable to contain my ____17____ any longer, I tore it open. It was a brand new laptop as my ____18____ for the A’s I got in final examinations. I had always ____19____ my friends who were exchanging news about various apps. Finally, it was my ____20____ to find them out. I was searching for some information for my paper when I came across a social networking site, which soon I became glued to. As time passed, I came to ____21____ that I was hooked on the Internet. During weekends, I could easily spend hours on my laptop. It came to such a point where I' chose to ____22____ myself in my room, ____23____ to enjoy family time. Soon', my sleep was divided to only scattered naps, and my grades at school also began to ____24____. It was about this time that my parents started voicing their ____25____. It became obvious that I was spending too much time on the Internet. I was asked to ____26____ my usage of it. Yet, however hard I tried, I was unable to pull myself away, unable to ____27____ my chat sessions, and unable to concentrate on my lessons. I was ____28____ for just another click and another look at my message board. Then one day, my father took away my laptop. I ____29____ but in vain. Over time, I knew that dad and mom had always wanted the best for me. That was when I decided to ____30____ my Internet addiction. Quitting was harder than I expected. But with dogged____31____, I knew that I would turn over a new leaf. 17. A. anxiety B. curiosity C. faith D. doubt 18. A. gift B. tool C. reward D. sign 19. A. hated B. enjoyed C. understood D. envied 20. A. way B. duty C. turn D. honor 21. A. state B. realize C. decide D. believe 22. A. lock B. occupy C. devote D. hurt 23. A. refusing B. expecting C. pretending D. skipping 24. A. shake B. adapt C. rise D. slip 25. A. refusal B. disapproval C. happiness D. satisfaction 26. A. cut down B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through 27. A. strengthen B. quit C. have D. destroy 28. A. confident B. serious C. desperate D. patient 29. A. forgave B. escaped C. complained D. whispered 30. A. change B. answer C. serve D. defeat 31. A. determination B. performance C. explanation D. preference 【答案】17. B 18. C 19. D 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者收到了笔记本电脑后慢慢沉迷于网络当中，这严重影响了自己的学习和生活，但作者很难控制自己。最终爸爸收走了笔记本电脑，作者也意识到自己父母的苦心，下定决心改变。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我再也无法抑制自己的好奇心，所以就把它撕开了。A. anxiety焦虑；B. curiosity好奇心；C. faith信念；D. doubt怀疑。根据上文“I could feel the excitement rising in me as I held the beautifully wrapped present in my hands.(当我手里拿着包装精美的礼物时，我能感觉到内心的兴奋)”可知，这份礼物被包裹着，作者对里面的礼物感到非常好奇，最终撕开了包装。故选B。 18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一台全新的笔记本电脑，作为我期末考试得了A的奖励。A. gift礼物；B. tool工具；C. reward奖励；D. sign标志。根据后文“for the A’s I got in final examinations”可知，笔记本电脑是作者的奖励。故选C。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直很羡慕我的朋友们在各种应用程序上交换消息。A. hated讨厌；B. enjoyed欣赏；C. understood理解；D. envied羡慕。根据后文“friends who were exchanging news about various apps”可知，作者羡慕朋友们在各种应用程序上交换消息。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：终于轮到我了解它们了。A. way方法；B. duty责任；C. turn（依次轮到的）机会；D. honor荣誉。前文“I had always envied my friends who were exchanging news about various apps.(我一直很羡慕我的朋友们在交流各种应用程序的消息)”讲述了作者的朋友交流各种应用程序的信息，但作者因为没有电脑而不知道这些东西，所以有了电脑后作者觉得轮到自己了。故选C。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我逐渐意识到我迷上了互联网。A. state陈述；B. realize意识到；C. decide决定；D. believe相信。根据空后的“that I was hooked on the Internet”可知，作者意识到了自己迷上了互联网。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到了这样的地步，我选择把自己锁在房间里，拒绝享受家庭时光。A. lock锁上；B. occupy占据；C. devote投入；D. hurt伤害。根据后文“myself in my room”可知，作者迷上了互联网，把自己锁在房间里，拒绝享受家庭时光。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这到了这样一个地步，我选择把自己锁在房间里，拒绝享受家庭时光。A. refusing拒绝；B. expecting期待；C. pretending假装；D. skipping不做（应做的事等），略过。根据空前的“I chose to lock myself in my room”和空后的“to enjoy family time”可知，作者把自己锁在自己的房间里，拒绝出来和家人一起共度时光。refuse to do sth.意为“拒绝做某事”。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，我的睡眠被分成了仅仅零星的小睡，我在学校的成绩也开始下滑。A. shake摇动；B. adapt（使）适应；C. rise上升；D. slip滑倒，下降。根据and前的“my sleep was divided to only scattered naps”可知，这是上网的消极影响，沉迷于上网影响了作者的睡眠和成绩。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这个时候，我的父母开始表达他们的不满。A. refusal拒绝；B. disapproval不满，反对；C. happiness幸福；D. satisfaction满足。根据后文“It became obvious that I was spending too much time on the Internet.(很明显，我在网上花了太多时间)”可知，父母开始表达他们的不满。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我被要求减少使用它。A. cut down削减，缩小；B. cut off中断（电话通话）；C. cut up切碎；D. cut through开辟（出路或通道）。根据上文“It became obvious that I was spending too much time on the Internet.(很明显，我在互联网上花了太多时间)”可知，由于作者花太多时间上网，所以被父母要求减少使用电脑。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，无论我多么努力，我都无法抽身，无法停止聊天会话，也无法集中精力上课。A. strengthen加强，增强；B. quit离开，停止；C. have有；D. destroy破坏。根据空后的“my chat sessions”可知，这里指无法停止聊天。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常渴望再点击一次，再看一眼我的留言板。A. confident自信的；B. serious严重的，严肃的；C. desperate不顾一切的，渴望的；D. patient有耐心的。根据上文的“I was unable to pull myself away, unable to ___7___my chat sessions, and unable to concentrate on my lessons”和空后的“for just another click and another look at my message board”可知，作者无法控制自己，总是渴望再次使用电脑上网。be desperate for意为“渴望”。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我抱怨，但无济于事。A. forgave原谅；B. escaped逃走；C. complained抱怨；D. whispered低语。根据上文“Then one day, my father took away my laptop.(然后有一天，我父亲拿走了我的笔记本电脑)”可知，父亲拿走了作者的电脑，作者抱怨。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是我决定战胜网瘾的时候。A. change改变；B. answer回答；C. serve服务；D. defeat战胜。根据下文中的“Quitting”可知，作者决定戒除网瘾。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但凭借顽强的决心，我知道我将翻开新的一页。A. determination决心；B. performance表现；C. explanation解释；D. preference偏爱。根据空前的“dogged”和上文中的“Quitting was harder than I expected.(戒掉网瘾比我预想的要难)”可知，戒掉网瘾很难，需要作者凭借顽强的决心。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 ____32____ has recently gained fame on Chinese social media is the opening of the outer regions of the Ailao Mountains (哀牢山) to tourists by authorities, as the inner areas remain untouched and ____33____ (potential) hazardous. In this region, an endangered white-eared night-heron (海南鳽), which is a member of the elusive heron family, ____34____ (spot) in the mountains of Southwest China. Listed as endangered by the IUCN ____35____ protected by the Chinese government, only about 1,000 of these birds remain globally. ____36____ (know) as the “world’ s most mysterious bird,” they prefer dense forests and are difficult to track. The improved local ecology is ____37____ (attract) more rare wildlife, and this species, native ____38____ China and Vietnam, has been seen in the reserve for three consecutive years. The other day, a spotted adult bird was captured by experts and equipped with a satellite tracker before ____39____ (release) back into the wild. “Bird calls nearby indicated the ____40____ (present) of more than one bird,” said Zhao Xuebing, _____41_____ PhD student from Yunnan University who participated in the bird-banding operation. 【答案】32. What 33 potentially 34. was spotted 35. and 36. Known 37. attracting 38. to 39. being released 40. presence 41. a 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了哀牢山地区发现的一种濒危鸟类——海南鳽。 【32题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：最近在中国社交媒体上走红的一件事是，有关部门向游客开放了哀牢山的外围地区，而内部地区仍未被触及，存在潜在危险。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物应用what，首字母大写。故填What。 【33题详解】 考查副词。句意：最近在中国社交媒体上走红的一件事是，有关部门向游客开放了哀牢山的外围地区，而内部地区仍未被触及，存在潜在危险。修饰形容词hazardous应用副词potentially。故填potentially。 【34题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：在这个地区，人们在中国西南部的山区发现了一只濒危的海南鳽，它是难以捉摸的苍鹭家族的一员。设空处作谓语，主语an endangered white-eared night-heron与动词spot构成被动关系，且发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was spotted。 【35题详解】 考查连词。句意：被世界自然保护联盟列为濒危物种，并受到中国政府的保护，这种鸟目前全球仅存1000只左右。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们被称为“世界上最神秘的鸟”，它们喜欢茂密的森林，很难追踪。短语be known as表示“被称为”，此处为非谓语动词，用过去分词形式known，首字母大写。故填Known。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：当地生态的改善吸引了更多的珍稀野生动物，这种原产于中国和越南的物种已经连续三年在保护区内出现。根据上文is可知为现在进行时，故填attracting。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：当地生态的改善吸引了更多的珍稀野生动物，这种原产于中国和越南的物种已经连续三年在保护区内出现。短语native to表示“原产于”。故填to。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：前几天，专家捕获了一只被发现的成年鸟，并为其配备了卫星跟踪器，然后将其放回野外。作介词before的宾语，且bird与动词release构成逻辑上的被动关系，应用动名词被动语态being done形式。故填being released。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：“附近的鸟叫声表明有不止一只鸟的存在，”云南大学的博士生赵学兵说，他参与了这次鸟带行动。作动词的宾语，应用名词presence。故填presence。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“附近的鸟叫声表明有不止一只鸟的存在，”云南大学的博士生赵雪冰说，他参与了这次鸟类环志行动。此处student为可数名词，此处表泛指，应填不定冠词，且PhD是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 第三节 根据提示翻译句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 42. 今天早上他又迟到了，这让他的英语老师很生气。(定语从句) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He was late again this morning, which made his English teacher very angry. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和定语从句。主语为he，表示“又迟到”用be late again，表示“今天早上”用this morning；根据时间状语this morning可知，句子时态是一般过去时，所以be动词用was；表示“生气”用angry，“让某人很生气”可以用make sb. very angry；表示“他的英语老师”用his English teacher；先行词是前面整个句子“He was late again this morning”，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故翻译为He was late again this morning, which made his English teacher very angry. 43. 还需要过些年大多数新住宅才会开始使用这种新技术。（before）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. 【解析】 【详解】考查时间状语从句和时态。“还需要过些年大多数新住宅才会开始使用这种新技术”为包含时间状语从句的复合句，使用before连接时间状语从句，表示“过……时间后才会”；表示“需要过些年”含义的表达为It takes some years，因句子表达的是发生在将来的动作，使用一般将来时，翻译为it will take some years；表示“大多数新住宅”含义的表达为most new homes；表示“开始使用”含义的表达为begin to use，因时间状语从句的谓语动词使用一般现在时表达一般将来时且从句主语为复数，所以该动词使用动词原形；表示“这种新技术”含义的表达为this new technology。故翻译为It will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. 44. 用餐后轻轻用手在胃部转圈表示“我饱了”。（动名词做宾语和表语）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语、时态和非谓语动词。“用餐后”翻译为after a meal；“表示”意译为a good way of saying，表示 “…… 的一种好方式”，其中saying是动名词作of的宾语；“轻轻用手在胃部转圈”翻译为move your hand in circles over your stomach，是动名词短语作表语，说明主语a good way的具体内容，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，句首单词首字母需大写。故翻译为A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal. 45. 袁隆平让人印象最深刻的是他不断实现梦想的能力。（运用主语从句） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams. 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，句子是主系表结构，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时；“袁隆平让人印象最深刻的”是主语，翻译为主语从句“What impresses people most about Yuan Longping ”，what在主语从句中充当主语成分，谓语动词用单数；“他不断实现梦想的能力”为表语， 翻译为“his ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams”，其中不定式作后置定语修饰抽象名词ability；因主语从句作做主语，谓语动词用单数形式，所以主句谓语动词用is；综上，故翻译为What impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams. 46. 预测未来的最好方式就是创造未来。（动词不定式作定语和表语）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The best way to predict the future is to create it. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句子是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，表示“做某事的最好方式”短语为The best way do sth.，不定式作后置定语；表示“预测未来”为predict the future；表示“创造”应用动词create，说明主语的内容用不定式作表语。故翻译为The best way to predict the future is to create it. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文（满分15分） 47. 假定你是李华，近期学校计划举行一次演讲比赛，主题为“Hero in my eyes”，你对比赛要求有些疑问，想咨询一下英语老师Tina。请你用英语给老师写一封电子邮件，询问相关的细节，如：比赛要求、活动时间和地点等，同时表达期望。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按以下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tina, I’m more than happy to write to you. I’m Li Hua, a high school student in our school. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your attention. I’m looking forward to the contest. Yours Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tina, I’m more than happy to write to you. I’m Li Hua, a high school student in our school. I’ve heard about the upcoming speech contest themed “Hero in my eyes” and I’m quite interested in participating. However, I have some questions regarding the contest requirements, such as the length of the speech and whether we need to submit a draft beforehand. Additionally, could you please inform me of the exact time and venue of the contest? Thank you for your attention. I’m looking forward to the contest. Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英语老师Tina写封电子邮件，向她咨询主题为“Hero in my eyes”的演讲比赛的相关细节，如：比赛要求、活动时间和地点等，同时表达期望。 【详解】1.词汇积累 即将来临的：upcoming→forthcoming 然而：however→nevertheless 关于：regarding→concerning 另外：additionally→moreover 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’ve heard about the upcoming speech contest themed “Hero in my eyes” and I’m quite interested in participating. 拓展句：I’ve heard about the upcoming speech contest which is themed “Hero in my eyes” and I’m quite interested in participating. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’ve heard about the upcoming speech contest themed “Hero in my eyes” and I’m quite interested in participating. (运用了过去分词作后置定语) [高分句型2] However, I have some questions regarding the contest requirements, such as the length of the speech and whether we need to submit a draft beforehand. (运用了whether引导的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 48. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A couple of years back, when I was still a teenager, I was troubled by frequent headaches that felt like I wanted to bang my head against a hard surface. I was eager to find a way to stop them. If you’ve been through this, I can feel your silent nod; for those who haven’t, let me tell you, it’s truly painful. I had exhausted all possibilities. Sadly, none provided a lasting relief for my tormenting pain. In my desperation, my dad suggested I try acupuncture (针灸), something he once underwent in Hong Kong. It had relieved his backache when nothing else worked. I was unfamiliar with acupuncture and hadn’t tried out traditional Chinese medicine before. With my heart set on previous failures, I embarked on this acupuncture journey, ending up in a middle-aged lady’s clinic filled with Chinese herbs. Once I settled on the patient's chair, she inquired about my reason for visiting. After that, she placed three fingers on my wrist and silently checked my pulse. She then led me to a room and instructed me to lie down. Moments later, she took out needles, which made me anxious because I'm not comfortable with sharp objects. The initial acupuncture session was a real surprise. To treat my headaches, the needles were first placed on the back of my hand, far from my head. The sensation was unexpected too: as the practitioner gently tapped and turned the needle in, I didn’t feel the needle but a wave spreading through my body. She then continued with more needles all over: my head, face, stomach, legs, arms, and even toes. The entire session lasted just 20 minutes. Following that, she prescribed some herbal tea for me to drink daily for five days. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: As I started acupuncture treatments, I was a bit nervous. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Over time, I noticed a big difference in my headaches. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】As I started acupuncture treatments, I was a bit nervous. Every time I lay on that chair, I couldn't help but tense up, imagining the discomfort. But as the sessions went on, I gradually relaxed. The middle-aged lady was always gentle and reassuring. She would explain each step and tell me about the benefits. With her kind words and professional manner, I began to have faith in the treatment. Over time, I noticed a big difference in my headaches. They became less frequent and the intensity reduced. I no longer felt that urge to bang my head. The herbal tea she prescribed also seemed to have a positive effect. I felt more energetic and my overall well-being improved. I was grateful to my dad for suggesting acupuncture and to the lady for her expertise. It was a wonderful experience that changed my perspective on traditional Chinese medicine. I realized that sometimes, ancient wisdom holds solutions that modern medicine might overlook. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者因频繁头痛而尝试各种方法无果后，最终通过针灸治疗得到缓解和改善的亲身经历。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当我开始接受针灸治疗时，我有点紧张。”以及第二段首句内容“随着时间的推移，我注意到我的头痛有了很大的改善。”可知，第一段可描写作者开始针灸后慢慢放松下来。 ②由第二段首句内容“随着时间的推移，我注意到我的头痛有了很大的改善。”可知，第二段可描写作者发现自己的头痛得到了缓解，作者也开始改变了自己对中医的看法。 2.续写线索：一开始针灸的时候，作者有点紧张——但是随着治疗的进行，作者开始放松——那位女士一边给作者针灸一边开始解释——随着时间的推移，作者发现自己的头痛有了改善——作者的身体状况也有所改善——这一次经历彻底改变了作者对中医的看法 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①相信：have faith in/believe/trust ②提升：improve/enhance ③忽视：overlook/ignore 情绪类 ①积极的：positive/optimistic ②感激的：grateful/thankful 【点睛】【高分句型1】But as the sessions went on, I gradually relaxed.（运用了as引导的状语从句） 【高分句型2】I realized that sometimes, ancient wisdom holds solutions that modern medicine might overlook.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和that引导的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$