专题03 重点语法【考点串讲】-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲(鲁教版五四制)

2024-2025学年八年级上期末考点大串讲（鲁教版五四制） 专题03 重点语法 考点串讲 1. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 情态动词could 1. 用法和句式结构 【注意】 　　在表示请求或表示请求许可的句型中, could不是can的过去式, 而是表示委婉语气, 答语中用can/can’t而不用could/couldn’t。 2. 其他用法 状语从句的引导词 1. until意为“直到”, 引导时间状语从句 (1)当主句是肯定句时, 主句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。 (2)not. . . until. . . 意为“直到……才……”, 主句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词, 它所表示的动作直到所表示的时间才发生。 (3)如果主句为一般将来时, 从句要用一般现在时表示将来。 2. although although是连词, 意思是“虽然, 尽管”, 引导让步状语从句, 可以放在主句前面, 也可以放在主句后面。 【注意】 在一个句子中, 用了 although就不能再用but, 但可用yet; 用了 but 就不能用 although。 3. so that (1)so that意为“以便; 为了”, 常用来引导目的状语从句, 一般放在主句后, 且不用逗号隔开。目的状语从句常表示动机(即一种可能性), 因此从句中常带有can, could, would, should等情态动词。 (2)当so that引导的从句的主语和主句主语一致时, 可用in order to 或不定式短语替换, 其意义基本不变。 形容词和副词比较等级 一、构成 二、形容词和副词比较等级的用法 等级 用法描述 用法示例 原 级 只作描述, 不作比较, 用原级 English is (very) important. 英语(很)重要。 运用“as. . . as. . . ”或“not as/so. . . as. . . ”结构对两者进行比较, 用原级 Tom is as tall as Jim. 汤姆和吉姆一样高。 Tom is not so/as tall as Jim. 汤姆不如吉姆高。 比 较 级 运用连词“than”对两者作比较, 用比较级(有时than会被省略) He runs faster than me. 他比我跑得快。 Tom is much more outgoing (than before). 汤姆(比以前)外向多了。 运用“比较级+and+比较级”结构表示“越来越……” China is getting stronger and stronger. 中国正变得越来越强大。 运用“the+比较级, the+比较级”句式表示“越……, 越……” The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. 你运动得越多, 你将越健康。 运用“the+比较级+of the two”句式表示“……是两者中比较……的” He is the more handsome of the two. 他是两个人中比较帅的那个。 最 高 级 在三者(以上)或某一范围内的人或事物间作比较用最高级(形容词最高级前要加定冠词the, 副词最高级前the可以省略) Which is the biggest, the moon, the earth or the sun? 月亮、地球和太阳, 哪一个最大? Helen dances(the) best in our school. 海伦是我们学校跳舞最好的。 运用“the+序数词+最高级”表示“是第几……” The Yangtze River is the first longest river in China. 长江是中国第一长河。 运用“one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……的……之一” The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。 注意: 比较级的修饰词通常有even, much, a lot, a little, still, any, far等 过去进行时 1. 过去进行时的用法 (1)表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。 (2)表示过去某段时间内一直在进行的动作。 2. 与过去进行时连用的时间状语 常用的时间状语有: at 8 o’clock yesterday morning, at this time yesterday, at the time of. . . , when及while引导的时间状语从句。 3. when 和while的区别 连　词 用　法 when 引导的时间状语从句既可以表示时间点, 也可以表示时间段, 从句中谓语动词可以是非延续性动词, 也可以是延续性动词 while 引导的时间状语从句表示某个时间段, 从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词, 且多用进行时态 When she saw him, he was sitting in a self-driving car. 当她看到他时, 他正坐在一辆无人驾驶汽车里。 When/While Tom was doing his homework, the telephone rang. 当汤姆做作业时, 电话铃响了。 While my brother was listening to music, my sister was drawing a picture last night. 昨晚我哥哥在听音乐时, 我妹妹在画画。 现在完成时 一、基本结构与用法 1. 现在完成时的用法 表示过去已经发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 常与already, ever, before, just, yet, never等词连用。 2. 现在完成时的构成: 助动词have/has+过去分词 (1)肯定句式: 助动词have/has+过去分词。 (2)否定句式: haven’t/hasn’t+过去分词。 (3)一般疑问句: 把助动词have(has)提前。一般疑问句的肯定回答用: Yes, 主语+have(has). 。否定回答用: No, 主语+haven’t(hasn’t). , 有时可用No, not yet. 或No, never. 。 (4)特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词过去分词+其他? How many records has he bought? 他已经买了多少张唱片了? 【注意】have not常简略为haven’t, has not常简略为hasn’t。 3. 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 一般过去时 强调动作发生在过去某个时间或状态存在于过去某个时间 现在完成时 强调过去的动作对现在的影响 Tom lived in Beijing two years ago. 两年前汤姆住在北京。(不知道现在是否还住在北京) Tom has lived in Beijing for two years. 汤姆住在北京两年了。(现在汤姆还住在北京) 二、现在完成时的时间状语 1. have been to, have gone to与have been in have been to→意为“曾去过某地”, 强调往返的经历, 人已经回来 have gone to→意为“到某地去了”, 人不在说话现场 have been in→意为“在某地待了多久”, 强调过去到现在一直待在某地 【注意】当have/has been to和have/has gone to后跟某些地点副词, 如here, there和home等时, 介词to要省略。 —Where is Tom? ——汤姆在哪里? —He has gone to Beijing. He has been to Beijing many times. ——他去北京了。他去过北京好多次了。 Mrs Green has been in that small village for 10 years. 格林夫人在那个小村子待了10年了。 2. 现在完成时的时间状语 (1)表示不确定的时间的时间状语: already, yet, just, before等。 (2)表示包括“现在”在内的一段时间的时间状语: since. . . , for. . . , ever, never, recently, this week (year), these days (weeks, years), in/during the last/past two years, so far等。 【警示】 (1)already通常用于肯定句中, yet用于一般疑问句和否定句中。 (2)just(刚刚)通常和现在完成时连用, 而just now(刚才)则和一般过去时连用。 三、延续性与非延续性动词 1. 现在完成时的“未完成”用法 (1)现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某时开始, 一直延续至今, 还可能继续下去。这种用法称为“未完成”用法。此时常与for或since引导的时间状语(从句)连用。 (2)表示“未完成”的句式 现在完成时+for+一段时间 现在完成时+since+表示过去的时间点 现在完成时+since+从句 (3)谓语动词是延续性动词时可以用how long提问。 He has been a soldier for three years. 他参军三年了。(提问画线部分) →How long has he been a soldier? 他参军多长时间了? 2. 延续性动词与非延续性动词 (1)延续性动词表示经验、经历; 非延续性动词表示行为的结果, 不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。有些非延续性动词可以用延续性动词替换并用在现在完成时中。 (2)在现在完成时的句子中, 若含有for或since引导的时间状语, 则句中谓语动词要用延续性动词。在完成时的否定句中, 非延续性动词可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。 3. 非延续性动词转换成延续性动词 非延续性动词 延续性动词 非延续性动词 延续性动词 borrow keep open be open buy have leave be away from become be die be dead put on wear finish be over move to live in return be back recognize know fall ill be ill begin/start be on fall asleep be asleep come/go be here/there get to/arrive at(in)/reach be (in) come back be back get to know know go(get) out be out get up be up catch a cold have a cold get married be married 考点精练 单项选择 1．—Some people don’t show their talents at the very beginning. —I agree. Even Einstein ________ read until he was seven. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．couldn’t D．needn’t 2．—________ you please not throw rubbish everywhere? —Sorry, I’ll pick it up. A．Could B．Need C．Should D．Must 3．—Could you please help me make my bed? —I’m afraid I ________ . You ________  do it on your own. A．could; may B．couldn’t; should C．can’t; should D．can’t; may 4．—Lily, ________ you give me a hand? I can’t carry the heavy box by myself. —Sure, let me help you. A．could B．must C．should D．need 5．—Could I go out for dinner with my friends, mum? —________ You have so much homework to do. A．Yes, sure. B．Sorry, you can’t. C．Why not? D．No, you couldn’t. 6．My brother Steven is a smart boy. He ________ read when he was five. A．must B．should C．could D．might 7．—Could I have a look at your picture, Joe? —Of course you ________. A．could B．can C．may D．should 8．—Dad, ________ I go to the movies with Amy tonight? —Sure, but you should be back before 9: 30 p. m. A．might B．should C．could D．must 9．—David, ________ you please sweep the floor? —OK, Dad. A．could B．may C．should D．must 10．—_________ you please take out the trash? —OK. I’ll do it right away. A．Could B．Might C．Must D．Should 11．We ______ protect the endangered animals. A．should B．shouldn’t C．couldn’t D．could 12．—Mum, _______ I go out for dinner with my friends? —No, you can’t. You haven’t finished your homework yet. A．must B．should C．would D．could 13．—Excuse me. ________ you please take a photo for us? —Of course. Look at the camera and say cheese! A．Should B．Must C．Need D．Could 14．—Could you please buy some drinks and snacks? —________. I don’t have any money. A．No, I couldn’t B．Sorry, I can’t C．Yes, sure D．No way 15．—______ I go to Sally’s party tonight, Dad? —Sorry, I’m afraid you can’t go. A．Could B．Need C．Should D．Will 16．—________ I look at your new photos? —Yes, of course you ________. A．Could; could B．Could; can C．Need; could D．Must; can 17．—Lucy is angry with me. What should I do? —Maybe you ________ write a letter to say sorry to her. A．could B．couldn’t C．must D．mustn’t 18．—__________ we get something to drink after the movie? —That’s a good idea! A．Should B．Need C．Could D．Must 19．—________ you please not throw the rubbish everywhere? —Sorry. I will pick it up. A．Need B．Must C．Could D．May 20．—Excuse me, ________ you please tell me where I can post a letter? —________. Turn left. There is a post office on Fifth Road. A．could; Sure B．could; Sorry C．will; Sounds great D．will; Good idea 21．—How long may I ________ your bike, Denial? —For two weeks. But you mustn’t ________ it to others, Amy. A．borrow; lend B．keep; lend C．keep; borrow D．lend; borrow 22．This is not ________ useful book for me, but I will ________ it for a week because I don’t have time to return it. A．an; keep B．a; keep C．an; borrow D．a; borrow 23．They ________ England and they will be back next week. A．have gone to B．have been to C．have gone in D．has been on 24．It ________ a fantastic experience so far. A．is B．was C．has been D．have been 25．In the past several years, I ________ several ways to deal with my insomnia(失眠) but none of them ________. A．tried; works B．have tried; succeeds C．tried; succeeds D．have tried; works 26．She ________ in the pool since half an hour ago. A．is swimming B．swims C．has swum D．swam 27．How clean the classroom is! I think someone ________ it. A．is cleaning B．will clean C．has cleaned D．cleans 28．— China is a wonderful place. —So it is. I ________ there twice. A．have been B．have gone C．went D．will go 29．The Wild Park ________ for several months. Let’s go there for a trip this weekend. A．has opened B．has been open C．opened D．opens 30．—Hello! This is Daniel speaking. May I speak to Amy, please? —Sorry, but she ________ the city library. A．will go to B．was going to C．has gone to D．goes to 31．Jim, turn off the TV. It ________ for two hours. A．began B．has begun C．was on D．has been on 32．—Where is Mr. Zhao? —He ________ to Mount Tai. He’ll come back ________ a week. A．has been; in B．has gone; after C．has gone; in D．has been; after 33．—Is Tom at home? —No, he _________ to the town. A．has been B．has gone C．goes D．will go 34．—Have you finished your report ________? —Yes, I have ________ finished it. A．yet; yet B．yet; already C．already; yet D．already; already 35．The lake is quite clean and beautiful. ________, more than 13, 000,000 people have come here to take their vacations. A．In fact B．For example C．So far D．At first 36．—Are you writing to Tony? —Yes. I ________ in touch with him for many years by writing letters. A．keep B．kept C．will keep D．have kept 37．—Why won’t you go to see the film with me, Betty? —Because I ________ it twice. A．see B．saw C．have seen D．will see 38．The leaning tower ______ millions of tourists since its reopening in 2001. A．attracted B．has attracted C．had attracted D．would attract 39．We have been good friends ________. A．last year B．since we met last year C．one year ago D．when we met last year 40．—Do you still play tennis? —Oh, no. I ________ it for the past two years. A．didn’t play B．haven’t played C．played D．plays 41．—How long have you had the bike? —I ________ it since I was six years old. A．bought B．have bought C．have had D．has bought 42．—Lucy, is your aunt a teacher? —Yes, she is. She ________ English in this school for nearly 20 years. A．teaches B．is teaching C．has taught D．will teach 43．—Where is Miss Smith, Jenny? —She ________ her company for an important meeting. She left half an hour ago. A．has gone to B．has been to C．is going to D．goes to 44．—Do you know Mount Tai in Shandong? —Yes, I __________ it twice. It’s fantastic. A．will climb B．climb C．am climbing D．have climbed 45．Li Ming ________ to school. Maybe on the way. A．went B．goes C．has gone D．is going 46．Miss Li ________ in Shenyang since she ________ school. A．has worked, has left B．worked, left C．worked, has left D．has worked, left 47．—In the past few years, China’s space programme has made great progress. —That’s true. It ________ many astronauts to space station successfully. A．is sending B．was sending C．will send D．has sent 48．—He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man. —So far I ________ to the Great Wall several times. A．went B．goes C．will go D．have been 49．—Mum, what did the teacher say just now?   —Sorry, I ________ of something else. A．thought B．think C．will think D．was thinking 50．When I walked past the playground, Class 1 ________. But later, students told me that they lost ________ only 2 points. A．had won; at B．were winning; by C．had won; by D．were winning; at 51．My wife and I ________ a horror movie when suddenly someone knocked at the door. A．are watching B．were watching C．watched D．watch 52．While my mother ________ some shopping yesterday, she happened to meet an old friend. A．was doing B．did C．has done D．does 53．—Why didn’t Jim see me when I came in? —Oh, he ________ a book at that moment. A．reads B．read C．is reading D．was reading 54．—Could you tell me ________ a moment ago? —The surprise party next week. A．what were they talking about B．what are they talking about C．what they were talking about D．what they talking about 55．I didn’t notice the old man ________ in. I ________ my book. A．walk; was reading B．walking; was reading C．walk; read D．walking, read 56．—Did you hear that the Chinese skiing player, Gu Ailing, won the first prize? —Yes. I ________ with my friends at that time. A．have a picnic B．am having a picnic C．was having a picnic D．will have a picnic 57．While I ________ a short video in my room, my dog ran into the room. A．recorded B．is recording C．was recording D．recording 58．—Was Wendy at home when you returned? —Yes. She _________ in the kitchen. A．cooked B．is cooking C．was cooking D．cooks 59．—I called you at nine last night but you didn’t pick up. —I’m so sorry. I ________ the guitar for the school day next Monday. A．practice B．practiced C．am practicing D．was practicing 60．Both my mother and my sister ________ TV at half past eight last night. A．are watching B．were watching C．was watching D．watched 61．All the students ________ in the classroom then. They really had a good time together. A．are singing B．were singing C．sing D．sang 62．—I saw Bob and his brother in the English Club just now. —It couldn’t be Bob. He ________ basketball with his classmates. A．plays B．played C．is playing D．was playing 63．My best friend and I ________ a dance lesson at this time yesterday. A．had B．are having C．were having D．have 64．Tom said he ________ basketball with his classmates from 4:00 to 6:00 yesterday afternoon. A．plays B．was playing C．is playing D．will play 65．Our math teacher ________ our homework when I entered the teachers’ office. A．was correcting B．corrects C．corrected D．is correcting 66．—Why didn’t you come to Amada’s birthday party last night? —Sorry. I ________ my mother take care of my sister at that time. A．was helping B．helped C．will help D．am helping 67．—I called you last night, but nobody answered. —Oh, I ________ my pet dog in my yard then. A．walked B．am walking C．was walking D．will walk 68．My dad __________ his hair with a towel when the telephone rang. A．is cleaning B．was cleaning C．is drying D．was drying 69．My mother __________ when I got home just now. A．has cooked B．was cooking C．will cook D．cooks 70．—Jane, will you leave for the USA now? —No. It will be two weeks ________ I leave here. A．before B．until C．when D．after 71．You can eat the bread ________ you get hungry. A．before B．because C．when D．until 72．My brother was playing football ________ I was watching TV at home. A．as soon as B．after C．until D．while 73．—When did you go to bed last night? —I didn’t go to bed ________ I finished doing my homework. A．if B．until C．though D．because 74．Linda will show us some good photos when she ________ back from her trip. A．came B．comes C．would come D．will come 75．Jack won’t leave _________ my father ________ back. A．until; won’t come B．when; won’t come C．until; comes D．when; comes 76．You can keep my dictionary ________ you want. Don’t forget to ________ it back to me after you buy a new one. A．as much as; give B．as long as; return C．as much as; return D．as long as; give 77．— Do you know when Mr. Li will meet us tomorrow? — Sorry, I don’t know now, but I’ll tell you if he ________. A．arrive B．reaches C．get D．arrives 78．—We will certainly go to a good high school ________ we work hard. —Yes. Our dream will come true by working hard. A．as soon as B．as long as C．as far as D．even if 79．—Miss Li, I always make mistakes in my homework. What should I do? —Well, you know we can make fewer mistakes ________ we are careful enough. A．though B．because C．as soon as D．as long as 80．Believe in yourself! Your dream will come true ________ you put your heart into it. A．so that B．although C．as long as D．as soon as 81．Our eyesight will become poorer and poorer ________ we spend too much time playing the phone. A．so B．before C．if D．but 82．I believe everything goes well ________ I keep on trying and never give up hope. A．as long as B．as soon as C．as far as D．as important as 83．If it ________ tomorrow, I won’t go shopping with my mom. A．rain B．rains C．doesn’t rain D．don’t rain 84．We’ll make our dreams come true one day________ we keep trying and never give up. A．as long as B．but C．and D．so that 85．________ you work hard, I’ll buy a new computer for you. A．As short as B．As big as C．As long as D．As well as 86．Our president Xi always says, “Everyone can get happiness and our dream can come true ________ you always follow your heart.” A．as soon as B．so that C．as well as D．as long as 87．—Did you win the basketball game yesterday? —Not really. ________ we all tried our best, we lost. A．As long as B．Unless C．Though D．Because 88．—________ we are busy, ________ we can’t forget to show love to our parents. —That’s right. Parents are the most important people in our life. A．Though, but B．/, though C．But, though D．Although, / 89．She still went to work ________ she didn’t feel well yesterday. A．as long as B．even though C．as soon as D．so that 90．I didn’t go to the supermarket ________ the weather was bad. A．so B．or C．but D．because 91．Jill’s mother can’t take her to the zoo ________ she has no time. A．because B．when C．if D．however 92．—Why was he late? —He was late ________ he was ill, not ________ the bad weather. A．because; because of B．because of; because C．because; because D．because; so 93．The sky is bluer ________ we have taken action to protect the environment. A．because B．before C．until D．unless 94．You should go now ________ you won’t be late. A．so that B．so C．if D．when 95．Anna learns a lot about Anhui’s history she can become a tour guide in the future. A．if B．because C．although D．so that 96．— Have you seen the TV play My Ugly Mother? —Yes, it s well worth _________. It’s _________ exciting that I’ve seen it twice. A．being seen; such B．being seen; so C．seeing; so D．seeing; such 97．This movie is ________ wonderful ________ I want to watch it again. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．as; as 98．You’d better fix the machine ________ I have told you. Otherwise, you may make more problems. A．like B．when C．as D．for 99．— This dress was last year’s style. — I think it still looks perfect ______ it has gone out this year. A．so that B．as if C．even though D．ever since 100．--Did you go on vacation？--No，I stayed at home. A．somewhere interesting B．anywhere interesting C．interesting somewhere D．interesting anywhere 参考答案 1．C 【解析】句意：——有些人在一开始并没有展示出他们的才能。——我同意。甚至爱因斯坦直到7岁才会阅读。 考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；mustn’t不行，不可以；couldn’t不能，表示过去的能力；needn’t不需要。根据“Even Einstein…read until he was seven.”可知，此处是指爱因斯坦7岁以前都不会阅读，表示过去的能力，用couldn’t。故选C。 2．A 【解析】句意：——请你不要到处扔垃圾好吗？——对不起，我会把它捡起来的。 考查情态动词。Could能，可以；Need需要；Should应该；Must必须。“Could you please not do sth.?”，是固定句型，意为“请你不要做某事好吗？”一种用于委婉地表达请求的问句。故选A。 3．C 【解析】句意：——你能帮我整理床铺吗？——恐怕我不能。你应该自己做。 考查情态动词的用法。could能，用于一般过去时；couldn’t不能，用于一般过去时；can’t不能；may也许；should应该。根据“Could you please help me make my bed?”可知，这是一个委婉的请求，否定回答用can’t，排除A和B；根据“You…do it on your own.”可知，此处表示“应该自己做”，用should。故选C。 4．A 【解析】句意：——莉莉，你能帮我一下吗？我一个人搬不动这个重箱子。——当然，让我来帮你。 考查情态动词辨析。could表示请求；must表示必须；should表示应该；need表示需要。根据“you give me a hand”及“Sure, let me help you”可知，此处是表示请求的一句话，应用could，故选A。 5．B 【解析】句意：——妈妈，我可以和朋友出去吃晚饭吗？——对不起，我不能。你有这么多作业要做。 考查情景交际。Yes, sure是的，当然；Sorry, you can’t对不起，你不能；Why not?为什么不；No, you couldn’t不，你不能。根据“You have so much homework to do可知，需要做作业，所以不能去。此处疑问句中could表请求允许，因此回答用can。故选B。 6．C 【解析】句意：我的弟弟Steven是一个聪明的男孩。他五岁的时候就能阅读了。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须；should应该；could能够；might也许。“read”是一种能力，所以选“能够”。故选C。 7．B 【解析】句意：——我能看看你的照片吗，乔？——你当然可以。 考查动词辨析。could可能会；can可以；may可能；should应该。问句中Could的问句表示委婉语气，而非过去式，Could I...?用来征求同意，肯定回答用can。故选B。 8．C 【解析】——爸爸，今晚我能和艾米去看电影吗？——当然可以，但是你必须在晚上9点半之前回来。 考查情态动词。might可能；should应该；could能；must必须。根据“Sure, but you should be back before 9: 30 p. m.”可知，应该问“今晚我能和艾米一起去看电影吗? ”表示委婉的请求，“Could I...?” 意为“我能……吗？”，用于请求对方允许自己做某事。故选: C。 9．A 【解析】句意：——大卫，你能扫扫地吗？——好的，爸爸。 考查情态动词辨析。could能；may可能；should应该；must必须。根据“…you please sweep the floor?”可知，此处表示委婉的请求，应该用could。故选A。 10．A 【解析】句意：——你能把垃圾拿出去吗？——好的。我会马上做。 考查情态动词辨析。Could能；Might可能；Must必须；Should应该。根据“…you please take out the trash?”可知，此处表示委婉的请求，应该用Could。故选A。 11．A 【解析】句意：我们应该保护濒危动物。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该；shouldn’t不应该；couldn’t不能；could能够。根据“We…protect the endangered animals.”可知，此处表达为我们应该保护濒危动物，should“应该”符合语境。故选A。 12．D 【解析】句意：——妈妈，我可以和我的朋友出去吃饭吗？——不，你不能。你还没有完成作业。 考查情态动词。must必须；should应该；would将会；could能，表示委婉的请求。根据“Mum, … I go out for dinner with my friends?”可知，此处应表示委婉的请求，应用could。故选D。 13．D 【解析】句意：——不好意思，你能帮我们照张相吗？——当然。看着镜头，说“芝士”！ 考查情态动词辨析。Should应该；Must必须；Need需要；Could可以。根据“... you please take a photo for us”可知是指请求帮助“你可以……吗？”。故选D。 14．B 【解析】句意：——你能买些饮料和零食吗？——对不起，我不能。我没有钱。 考查一般疑问句。No, I couldn’t不，不能；Sorry, I can’t对不起，我不能；Yes, sure是的，当然可以；No way没门。根据“I don’t have any money.”可知，应用否定回答，could表示委婉语气，所以用can’t回答，故选B。 15．A 【解析】句意：——爸爸，我今晚能去参加莎莉的派对吗？——对不起，恐怕你不能去。 考查情态动词。could能够；need需要；should应该；will将。根据“I’m afraid you can’t go.”可知，问自己是否能够去参加莎莉的派对，应用could，故选A。 16．B 【解析】句意：——我可以看看你的新照片吗？——是的，当然可以。 考查情态动词辨析。could可以，语气更委婉；can可以；need需要；must必须。根据答语“Yes, of course you...”可知，问句表示的是请求允许，Could/Can I do sth.?表示“我可以做某事吗？”其中could比can的口气更委婉，肯定的答语通常用“Yes, (of course) you can.”。故选B。 17．A 【解析】句意：——露西生我的气了。我该怎么办？——也许你可以写封信向她道歉。 考查情态动词。could可以；couldn’t不能；must必须；mustn’t禁止。根据“write a letter to say sorry to her.”可知，此处是说“可以”写封信向她道歉。故选A。 18．C 【解析】句意：——电影结束后我们能喝点什么吗？ ——好主意！ 考查情态动词的用法。Should应该；Need需要；Could能；Must必须。“Could we/you +动词原形”表示请求允许，故选C。 19．C 【解析】句意：——请你不要到处扔垃圾好吗？——对不起，我会把它捡起来的。 考查情态动词。Need需要；Must必须；Could能，可以；May可以。“Could you please not do sth.?”固定句型“请你不要做某事好吗？”，一种用于委婉地表达请求的问句。故选C。 20．A 【解析】句意：——打搅一下，你可以告诉我在哪里可以寄信吗?  ——当然，向左转。在第五路上有一个邮局。 考查could的用法和情景交际。could可以；will将要，会；Sure当然；Sorry抱歉；Sounds great听起来很棒； Good idea好主意。根据“...you please tell me where I can post a letter”可知，此处是问路，表示委婉语气用could。根据“Turn left. There is a post office on Fifth Road.”可知，回答者愿意帮忙，因此“sure (当然)” 符合语境。故选A。 21．B 【解析】句意：——丹尼斯，你的自行车我可以借多久？——两周。艾米，但是你不能把它借给别人。 考查动词。borrow借入，是瞬间性动词；lend借出，是瞬间性动词；keep保留，是延续性动词。根据“How long”可知，与时间段连用，用延续性动词，因此第一空用keep。lend sth to sb“把某物借给某人”，因此第一空用lend，故选B。 22．B 【解析】句意：这对我来说不是一本有用的书，但是我将借一周，因为我没时间去还书。 考查冠词和动词辨析。a/an不定冠词，泛指物体、事物，用在可数名词或名词短语前，表示一个或一类；a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于元音音素开头的单词前；useful以辅音音素/juː/开头，需用不定冠词a修饰；keep保存，保留；borrow借入。根据语境可知，此处描述一本对我来说没有用的书，表示泛指，需用不定冠词a修饰；再由for a week可知，我会再保存它一个星期，需用keep。故选B。 【点睛】keep是一个延续性动词，可以接延续性的时间状语 for a week；而borrow是瞬时性动词，不能接延续性的时间状语。 23．A 【解析】句意：他们去了英国，下周将回来。 考查现在完成时。have gone to已经去了某地(还没有回来)；have been to已经去过某地(现在人已经回来了)；have gone in此短语不存在；has been on是表示动作的持续性。根据“they will be back next week”可知，他们还没有回来，选项A符合题意。故选A。 24．C 【解析】句意：到目前为止，这是一次奇妙的经历。 考查现在完成时和主谓一致。根据“so far”可知，应用现在完成时，结构是：have/has+动词过去分词，主语It表示单数，应用助动词has。故选C。 25．D 【解析】句意：在过去的几年里，我尝试了几种方法来解决我的失眠，但都没有奏效。 考查动词时态和动词辨析。根据“In the past several years”可知，第一空时态用现在完成时（have/has done），排除A、C；work奏效，起作用；succeed成功。根据“... several ways to deal with my insomnia (失眠) but none of them”可知，应是没有一种方法有效，故选D。 26．C 【解析】句意：她半小时前就在游泳池里游泳了。 考查动词时态。根据“since half an hour ago”可知，此句用现在完成时，结构为has/have done，故选C。 27．C 【解析】句意：多么干净的教室啊！我认为有人打扫过。 考查动词时态。根据“How clean the classroom is”可知，过去的打扫动作对现在有影响，用现在完成时(have/has done)。故选C。 28．A 【解析】句意:——中国是一个很棒的地方。——确实是。我已经去过那里两次。 考查现在完成时。have been去过，表示曾经去过，现在已经回来了，用于现在完成时态；have gone去了，表示去了还没有回来，用于现在完成时态；went去，表示过去的动作，用于一般过去时态；will go打算去，表示未来的动作，用于一般将来时态。根据“I…there twice.”可知，此处表示已经去过中国两次，现在已经回来了，句子应是现在完成时态，主语是I“我”，用have been to…表示“去过某地”并已返回。故选A。 29．B 【解析】句意：野生公园已经开放了几个月。这个周末我们去那里旅行吧。 考查时态。根据“for several months”可知，时态为现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，所以B项符合。故选B。 30．C 【解析】句意：——你好！我是丹尼尔。我可以和艾米说话吗？——对不起，她去市图书馆了。 考查现在完成时。will go to为一般将来时；was going to为过去将来时；has gone to为现在完成时；goes to为一般现在时。根据“May I speak to Amy, please?”以及答语“Sorry, but she…the city library.”可知，此处指Amy去图书馆了，还没有回来，表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时。故选C。 31．D 【解析】句意：吉姆，关掉电视。它已经开了两个小时。 考查现在完成时。根据“for two hours”可知，时态应为现在完成进行时（have/has done），且用延续性动词。begin是非延续性动词，be on是延续性动词。故选D。 32．C 【解析】句意：——赵先生在哪里？——他去泰山了。他一周后回来。 考查动词短语辨析和介词辨析。has been to去过某地（已回来）；has gone to去了某地（未回来）；in+时间段，表示“在……之后（用于一般将来时或一般现在时）”，通常与表示将来时态的句子连用；after+时间段，表示“在……之后（用于一般过去时）”，通常与表示过去时态的句子连用。根据“Where is Mr. Zhao?”可知，赵先生还没回来，所以应该用has gone to；再根据“He’ll come back”可知，此处应该用in表示“在……之后”，用于一般将来时。故选C。 33．B 【解析】句意：——汤姆在家吗？——不，他去了城里。 考查时态。has been to表示去过某地，又回来了；has gone to表示去了某地，还没有回来；goes去，是一般现在时；will go去，是一般将来时。根据“No”可知，他不在家，因此已经去了城镇，还没有回来，因此用has gone，故选B。 34．B 【解析】句意：——你的报告写完了吗？  ——是的，我已经做完了。 考查副词辨析。yet已经，常用于完成时的否定句或疑问句；already已经，常用于完成时的肯定句。分析题干，第一句为现在完成时的一般疑问句，应用yet表示“已经”；第二句为现在完成时的肯定句，应用already表示“已经”。故选B。 35．C 【解析】句意：这个湖相当干净和漂亮。到目前为止，超过1300万人来这里度假。 考查短语辨析。In fact事实上；For example例如；So far到目前为止；At first首先。根据“have come”可知是现在完成时，结合语境可知，此处表示到目前为止。故选C。 36．D 【解析】句意：——你在给托尼写信吗？——是的。多年来，我通过写信与他保持联系。 考查时态。根据“for many years”可知句子用现在完成时have/has done。故选D。 37．C 【解析】句意：——为什么你不和我一起去看电影，Betty？——因为我看过两次了。 考查时态。根据“twice”可知，因为看过两次，所以不去看电影。此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时。故选C。 38．B 【解析】句意：自从2001年重新开放后，斜塔吸引了数百万游客。 考查现在完成时。根据“since its reopening in 2001”可知，此处用现在完成时(have/has done)，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，可能持续发生下去。故选B。 39．B 【解析】句意：自从去年见面以来，我们一直是好朋友。 考查现在完成时。根据“have been”可知，主句时态为现在完成时，因此应与since引导的时间状语从句连用。故选B。 40．B 【解析】句意：——你仍然打网球吗？——哦，不了。过去两年我没有打网球。 考查动词时态。根据“for the past two years.”可知，该句是现在完成时，表示过去的行为持续到现在的情况，故选B。 41．C 【解析】句意：——你有这辆自行车多久了？——自从六岁开始我就拥有了这辆自行车。 考查动词的时态。根据“since I was six years old”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，排除A；主语为“I”，助动词用have，排除D；have bought为短暂性动词，不能与since引导的时间状语连用，排除B；而have had表示延续，是延续性动词，可以与since引导的时间状语连用。故选C。 42．C 【解析】句意：——Lucy，你的姑姑是老师吗？——是的，她是。她在这所学校教英语将近20年了。 考查动词的时态。根据“for nearly 20 years”可知，表示动作的持续，应使用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+done，主语为She，助动词用has。故选C。 43．A 【解析】句意：——珍妮，史密斯小姐在哪里？——她去公司参加一个重要的会议。她半个小时前就离开了。 考查现在完成时。has gone to去了某地；has been to去过某地；is going to将要；goes to到……去。根据“She left half an hour ago.”可知，她半个小时前就离开了，说明此时人不在这里，应用have gone to表示“去了某地（人还没回来）”。故选A。 44．D 【解析】句意：——你知道山东的泰山吗？——是的，我爬过两次。太棒了。 考查动词时态。根据“twice”可知，动作已经完成，用现在完成时“have/has done”的结构，故选D。 45．C 【解析】句意：李明去上学了。也许在路上。 考查时态。根据“Maybe on the way.”可知，应表达他已经去上学了，应用现在完成时，结构为have/has+done。故选C。 46．D 【解析】句意：李老师从学校毕业后就在沈阳工作。 考查时态。根据“Miss Li...in Shenyang since she...school”可知自从离开学校就在沈阳工作，主句用现在完成时have/has done；从句用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选D。 47．D 【解析】句意：——在过去的几年里，中国的太空计划取得了巨大的进步。——确实如此。它已经成功地将许多宇航员送到了空间站。 考查时态。根据“In the past few years, China’s space programme has made great progress.”可知中国的太空计划已经取得了巨大进步，在过去几年中已经成功地将许多宇航员送到了空间站，动作已完成，用现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响或结果。现在完成时结构为“have/has done”，因此用has sent。故选D。 48．D 【解析】句意：——不到长城非好汉。——到目前为止，我已经去过长城好几次了。 考查时态。根据“So far”可知句子用现在完成时have/has done。故选D。 49．D 【解析】句意：——妈妈，老师刚才说了什么？——对不起，我在想别的事。 考查动词时态。根据“what did the teacher say just now”可知，询问刚才正在发生的事，用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+现在分词”。故选D。 50．B 【解析】句意：当我走过操场时，一班赢了。但后来，学生们告诉我，他们只输了两分。 考查时态及介词。根据“When I walked past the playground”可知，第一空使用过去进行时表达过去某个时间段正在进行的动作，因此选“were winning”；lose by“以……输掉比赛：在比赛中以某个分数或差距输掉比赛”。故选B。 51．B 【解析】句意：我和妻子正在看恐怖电影，突然有人敲门。 考查时态。根据“when suddenly someone knocked at the door.”可知，当有人敲门时，我和妻子正在看恐怖电影，句子用过去进行时，故选B。 52．A 【解析】句意：昨天当我的母亲正在购物的时候，她碰巧见到了一位老朋友。 考查动词的时态。此处是while引导的时间状语从句，强调母亲当时正在购物，这里应用过去进行时，故选A。 53．D 【解析】句意：——为什么我进来的时候吉姆没看见我？——哦，那时他正在看书。 考查时态。根据“at that moment”可知那个时候正在看书，用过去进行时was/were doing。故选D。 54．C 【解析】句意：——你能告诉我刚才他们在说什么吗？——下周的惊喜派对。 考查宾语从句及时态。根据“could you please tell me”可知，本句为含有宾语从句的主从复合句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，而AB选项是疑问句语序，排除AB选项；根据“a moment ago”可知，此处描述过去发生的事，应用过去时态，C为过去进行时。故选C。 55．B 【解析】句意：我没注意到那个老人正在走进来。我在看书。 考查动词短语和时态。第一空根据“notice”可知，notice sb. doing sth.“注意到某人正在做某事”；notice sb. do sth.“注意到某人做了某事”，强调动作的全过程；根据句意可知，此处表达“我没注意到那个老人正在走进来”，故填walking。第二空根据句意可知，表达“我正在读书”，用过去进行时，表示过去正在做某事，故填was reading。故选B。 56．C 【解析】句意：——你听说了吗，中国滑雪运动员顾爱玲得了第一名？——是的。那时我正在和朋友们野餐。 考查过去进行时。根据“Did you hear that the Chinese skiing player, Gu Ailing, won the first prize?”与“at that time”可知，问句是一般过去时，答语也要用对应的表示过去的时态，have a picnic这个动作是发生在过去且听到消息时正在进行，应使用过去进行时，构成为was/ were doing，主语为I，因此用was。故选C。 57．C 【解析】句意：当我正在屋里录短视频的时候，我的狗跑进来了。 考查时态。根据“While I ... a short video in my room, my dog ran into the room.”可知，从句动作是表示过去正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时“was/were+动词现在分词”，主语为I，be动词用was。故选C。 58．C 【解析】句意：——你回来时温迪在家吗？——在，她正在厨房做饭。 考查时态。根据问句“Was Wendy at home when you returned?”可知，当时正在做饭。表达过去的某个时刻正在做某事，用过去进行时。故选C。 59．D 【解析】句意：——我昨晚九点给你打电话，但你没接。——我很抱歉。我在为下周一的校园日练习吉他。 考查时态。结合“at nine last night”可知，此处指昨晚那个时候正在练习吉他，应用过去进行时表示当时正在做的事情，其结构为“was/were doing”。故选D。 60．B 【解析】句意：昨晚八点半我的妈妈和姐姐正在看电视。 考查过去进行时。are watching正在观看，现在进行时；were watching过去进行时；was watching过去进行时；watched一般过去时。根据时间状语“at half past eight last night”，是描述昨晚八点半这一时刻正在做某事，时态用过去进行时was/were doing；又因为主语是“Both my mother and my sister”，be动词用复数，故选B。 61．B 【解析】句意：当时所有的学生都在教室里唱歌。他们在一起真的很开心。 考查过去进行时。根据时间状语“then”以及“had”可知，此处应用过去进行时，构成为was/ were doing，主语All the students为人称复数，因此用were。故选B。 62．D 【解析】句意：——我刚才看见鲍勃和他哥哥在英语俱乐部读书。——不可能是鲍勃。他和他的同学正在打篮球。 考查动词时态。plays一般现在时；played一般过去时；is playing现在进行时；was playing过去进行时。根据“It couldn’t be Bob.”及语境可知，空处是陈述不可能是他的原因，所以应是那个时候鲍勃正和同学们打篮球，因此用过去进行时。故选D。 63．C 【解析】句意：昨天这个时候，我和我最好的朋友正在上舞蹈课。 考查过去进行时。根据时间状语“at this time yesterday”可知，此句应用过去进行时，构成为was/ were doing，主语My best friend and I为人称复数，因此用were。故选C。 64．B 【解析】句意：汤姆说他昨天下午4点到6点正在和同学一起打篮球。 考查过去进行时。根据“from 4:00 to 6:00 yesterday afternoon”可知，表示过去某一时间段内正在发生或进行的动作或状态，应用过去进行时，其构成为 was/were + 动词的现在分词。故选B。 65．A 【解析】句意：当我进入教师办公室时，我们的数学老师正在批改我们的作业。 考查动词时态。根据句中的时间状语“when I entered the teachers’ office”可知，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，从句是一般过去时，主句应使用过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。故选A。 66．A 【解析】句意：——你昨晚为什么没来参加Amada的生日派对？——对不起。那时我正在帮妈妈照顾妹妹。 考查时态。help帮助，根据“at that time”可知，此处用过去进行时，故选A。 67．C 【解析】句意：——我昨晚给你打电话了，但没人接。——哦，那时我正在院子里遛我的宠物狗。 考查过去进行时。根据“last night”和“then”可知，句子时态为过去进行时，表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作。故选C。 68．D 【解析】句意：电话铃响时，我爸爸正在用毛巾擦干头发。 考查动词时态。is cleaning在清洁，现在进行时；was cleaning在清洁，过去进行时；is drying在擦干，现在进行时；was drying在擦干，过去进行时；根据“when the telephone rang”可知, 时态是过去进行时；根据“with a towel”可知，是在用毛巾擦干。 故选D。 69．B 【解析】句意：我刚才到家时妈妈正在做饭。 考查时态。has cooked已经煮饭了，现在完成时；was cooking正在做饭，过去进行时；will cook将做饭，一般将来时；cooks煮饭，一般现在时。结合“when” 是连接时间状语从句，主句要用进行时。故选B。 70．A 【解析】句意：——珍妮，你现在要去美国吗? ——不。我离开这里前还有两个星期。 考查连词。before在……之前；until到……时； when当……时；after在……之后。根据答语“No. It will be two weeks…I leave here.”可知，不是马上去，在去之前还有两个星期，故选A。 71．C 【解析】句意：当你饿的时候可以吃面包。 考查连词辨析。before在……之前；because因为；when当……时；until直到……为止。根据“You can eat the bread…you get hungry.”可知，此处指的当你饿的时候可以吃面包，用when引导时间状语从句，故选C。 72．D 【解析】句意：我哥哥在踢足球，而我在家看电视。 考查连词。as soon as一……就；after在……之后；until直到；while（对比两件事物）……而。根据“My brother was playing football…I was watching TV at home.”可知前后两个动作同时进行，应用while引导，故选D。 73．B 【解析】句意：——你昨晚什么时候睡觉的？——直到我做完作业才睡觉。 考查连词辨析。if如果；until直到；though虽然；because因为。根据“I didn’t go to bed...I finished doing my homework.”可知，此处说的是直到做完作业才上床睡觉，用not...until...“直到……才”，故选B。 74．B 【解析】句意：琳达旅行回来后会给我们看一些好照片。 考查时间状语从句主将从现原则。根据“Linda will show us some good photos when she...back from her trip.”可知，句子为when引导的时间状语从句，主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，从句主语she为单数，动词come用“三单”形式comes。故选B。 75．C 【解析】句意：在我父亲回来之前，杰克不会离开。 考查连词和时态。until直到；when当。根据“won’t leave...my father...back”可知此处是not...until“直到……才”，引导时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时，主语是my father，谓语动词用单三。故选C。 76．D 【解析】句意：只要你想你可以一直保留我的字典。买了新字典后，别忘了还给我。 考查连词辨析和动词辨析。as much as与……一样多；as long as只要；give给；return返回。根据“You can keep my dictionary ...you want.”可知，空后“you want”是前句的条件，所以第一空用as long as引导条件状语从句；根据“Don’t forget to ... it back to me after you buy a new one.”可知，应是买了字典后，要记得归还，第二空有return。故选D。 77．D 【解析】句意：——你知道李先生明天什么时候和我们见面吗？——抱歉，我现在不知道，但如果他到了我会告诉你的。 考查动词辨析。arrive到达，动词原形，为不及物动词；reaches到达，动词三单形式，为及物动词；get得到，动词原形；arrives到达，动词三单形式，为不及物动词。结合“if”引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，所以从句用一般现在时，且主语“he”为第三人称单数，这里要填不及物动词，所以要填三单形式“arrives”。故选D。 78．B 【解析】句意：——只要我们努力学习，我们就一定会进入一所好高中。——是的，我们的梦想将通过努力实现。 考查连词用法。as soon as 一……就……，引导时间状语从句；as long as只要，引导条件状语从句；as far as 和……一样远；even if 即使，引导让步状语从句。根据空前后关系可知，努力学习是进入好中学的条件，故选B。 79．D 【解析】句意：——李老师，我的作业总是出错。我该怎么办？——好吧，你知道，只要我们足够仔细，我们可以犯更少的错误。 考查连词辨析。though尽管；because因为；as soon as一……就；as long as只要。根据“you know we can make fewer mistakes ... we are careful enough.”可知，细心是少犯错误的条件，用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选D。 80．C 【解析】句意：相信自己！只要你用心去做，你的梦想就会成真。 考查连词辨析。so that以便于；although虽然；as long as只要；as soon as一……就……。根据“Your dream will come true ... you put your heart into it.”可知，是指只要你用心，梦想就会实现，空后句是前句的条件，用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选C。 81．C 【解析】句意：如果我们花太多时间玩手机，我们的视力会越来越差。 考查连词辨析。so因此；before在……之前；if如果；but但是。根据“we spend too much time playing the phone.”可知，前后句之间表示条件关系，用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。 82．A 【解析】句意：我相信，只要我坚持努力并绝不放弃希望，一切都会好起来。 考查条件状语从句。as long as只要；as soon as一……就；as far as就……而言；as important as与……同样重要。根据“I keep on trying and never give up hope.”可知，此处表示“只要”坚持努力并从不放弃希望，一切都会好起来，故选A。 83．B 【解析】句意：如果明天下雨，我就不跟妈妈去购物了。 考查主谓一致。由“If it…tomorrow, I won’t go shopping with my mom”可知，此处表示如果明天下雨，我就不和妈妈去购物了，it作主语，动词用第三人称单数。故选B。 84．A 【解析】句意：只要我们坚持尝试，永不放弃，总有一天我们会梦想成真。 考查连词辨析。as long as只要；but但是；and和；so that以至于。根据“We’ll make our dreams come true one day…we keep trying and never give up.”可知，后句是前句的条件，因此此处用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选A。 85．C 【解析】句意：只要你努力工作，我就会给你买一台新电脑。 考查连词。As short as和……一样矮；As big as和……一样大；As long as只要；As well as和。根据“you work hard, I’ll buy a new computer for you.”可知是指只要你努力工作，我就会给你买一台新电脑。故选C。 86．D 【解析】句意：我们的习主席总是说：“每个人都能得到幸福，我们的梦想也能实现，只要你一直追随自己的内心。” 考查连词。as soon as一……就……；so that以便；as well as和；as long as只要。根据“Everyone can get happiness and our dream can come true...you always follow your heart.”可知，只要你一直追随自己的内心，你就能得到幸福并且实现梦想，因此空处应是as long as，引导条件状语从句。故选D。 87．C 【解析】句意：——昨天的篮球赛你们赢了吗？——并没有。尽管我们都尽力了，但还是输了。 考查连词辨析。As long as只要；Unless除非；Though尽管；Because因为。根据“we all tried our best, we lost.”可知，是指尽管我们尽力了，但还是输了，用though引导让步状语从句。故选C。 88．D 【解析】句意：——虽然我们很忙，但我们不能忘记向父母表达我们的爱。——没错。父母是我们生命中最重要的人。 考查让步状语从句。though虽然，不与but连用；but但是；although虽然，不与but连用。根据“... we are busy, ...we can’t forget to show love for our parents.”可知，指的是虽然很忙，但不能忘记向父母表达爱，用although或though引导让步状语从句，不能与but同时使用。故选D。 89．B 【解析】句意：尽管她昨天感觉不舒服，她还是去上班了。 考查连词辨析。as long as只要 ；even though尽管；as soon as一……就…… ；so that以便。分析句子可知，前后句之间是转折让步关系。故选B。 90．D 【解析】句意：我没有去超市，因为天气不好。 考查连词辨析。so所以；or或者；but但是；because因为。根据“I didn’t go to the supermarket”以及“the weather was bad”的语境可知，此处表示原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选D。 91．A 【解析】句意：吉尔的妈妈不能带她去动物园，因为她没有时间。 考查连词辨析。because因为；when当……时候；if如果；however无论如何。根据“Jill’s mother can’t take her to the zoo ... she has no time.”可知，因为妈妈没有时间，所以她不能带吉尔去动物园，用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 92．A 【解析】句意：——他为什么迟到了？——他迟到是因为他生病了，而不是因为糟糕的天气。 考查连词和介词短语。because因为，后接句子；because of因为，介词短语，后跟名词或名词短语；so所以。结合语境可知，答语表示原因，故排除选项D；第一空后为句子，故应用because；第二空后是名词短语，应用because of。故选A。 93．A 【解析】句意：天空更蓝了，因为我们已经采取行动保护环境。 考查连词辨析。because 因为；before在……之前；until直到；unless 除非。根据“we have taken action to protect the environment”可知，此处是表示原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 94．A 【解析】句意：你现在应该走，这样你就不会迟到。 考查连词用法。so that以便；so所以；if如果；when当……时。根据“you won’t be late”可知，表目的，应使用so that引导目的状语从句。故选A。 95．D 【解析】句意：安娜学了很多关于安徽历史的知识，这样她将来就可以成为一名导游。 考查连词。if如果；because因为；although虽然；so that以便。安娜学很多关于安徽历史的知识目的是成为导游，此处后面表示目的，因此应使用“so that”引导目的状语从句。故选D。 96．C 【解析】句意：——你看过电视剧《丑娘》吗？——是的，它值得一看。它是如此令人兴奋以至于我已经看了两遍了。 考查非谓语动词及连词用法。be worth doing sth.表示“值得做某事”，故第一个空填动名词seeing；exciting“令人兴奋的”为形容词，需so+adj.(adv.)...that...结构，表示“如此……以至于……”。故选C。 97．A 【解析】句意：这部电影太精彩了，我想再看一遍。 考查结果状语从句。so + 形容词/副词 + that 如此……以致……；such + 名词 + that 如此……以致……；too ... to太……而不能……；as ... as 和……一样……。第二空后是句子，排除CD；第一空后是形容词，排除B。故选A。 98．C 【解析】句意：你最好按照我告诉你的方法修这台机器。否则你会造成更多问题。 考查连词用法。like像，介词，其后接名词，代词或动名词；when当……时候，连词，引导时间状语从句；as按照，像……一样，连词，引导方式状语从句；for为了，介词，表示目的；分析句子“You’d better fix the machine...I have told you”可知，这是一个方式状语从句，应使用as连接。故选C。 99．C 【解析】句意：——这件裙子是去年的款式。——我认为虽然今年它已经过时了，但是看上去依然很完美。 考查连词。so that以便、为了，引导目的状语从句；as if好像、似乎，引导方式状语从句；even though即使、尽管，引导让步状语从句；ever since自从、打……以后一直，引导时间状语从句。根据前后句句意可知，空格处的连词表示让步关系。故选C。 100．B 【解析】试题分析：句意: 你去过什么有趣的地方度假吗？不，我呆在家里。修饰anywhere的定语要后置。据句意，故选B。 $$2024-2025学年八年级上期末考点大串讲（鲁教版五四制） 专题03 重点语法 考点串讲 1. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 情态动词could 1. 用法和句式结构 【注意】 　　在表示请求或表示请求许可的句型中, could不是can的过去式, 而是表示委婉语气, 答语中用can/can’t而不用could/couldn’t。 2. 其他用法 状语从句的引导词 1. until意为“直到”, 引导时间状语从句 (1)当主句是肯定句时, 主句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。 (2)not. . . until. . . 意为“直到……才……”, 主句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词, 它所表示的动作直到所表示的时间才发生。 (3)如果主句为一般将来时, 从句要用一般现在时表示将来。 2. although although是连词, 意思是“虽然, 尽管”, 引导让步状语从句, 可以放在主句前面, 也可以放在主句后面。 【注意】 在一个句子中, 用了 although就不能再用but, 但可用yet; 用了 but 就不能用 although。 3. so that (1)so that意为“以便; 为了”, 常用来引导目的状语从句, 一般放在主句后, 且不用逗号隔开。目的状语从句常表示动机(即一种可能性), 因此从句中常带有can, could, would, should等情态动词。 (2)当so that引导的从句的主语和主句主语一致时, 可用in order to 或不定式短语替换, 其意义基本不变。 形容词和副词比较等级 一、构成 二、形容词和副词比较等级的用法 等级 用法描述 用法示例 原 级 只作描述, 不作比较, 用原级 English is (very) important. 英语(很)重要。 运用“as. . . as. . . ”或“not as/so. . . as. . . ”结构对两者进行比较, 用原级 Tom is as tall as Jim. 汤姆和吉姆一样高。 Tom is not so/as tall as Jim. 汤姆不如吉姆高。 比 较 级 运用连词“than”对两者作比较, 用比较级(有时than会被省略) He runs faster than me. 他比我跑得快。 Tom is much more outgoing (than before). 汤姆(比以前)外向多了。 运用“比较级+and+比较级”结构表示“越来越……” China is getting stronger and stronger. 中国正变得越来越强大。 运用“the+比较级, the+比较级”句式表示“越……, 越……” The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. 你运动得越多, 你将越健康。 运用“the+比较级+of the two”句式表示“……是两者中比较……的” He is the more handsome of the two. 他是两个人中比较帅的那个。 最 高 级 在三者(以上)或某一范围内的人或事物间作比较用最高级(形容词最高级前要加定冠词the, 副词最高级前the可以省略) Which is the biggest, the moon, the earth or the sun? 月亮、地球和太阳, 哪一个最大? Helen dances(the) best in our school. 海伦是我们学校跳舞最好的。 运用“the+序数词+最高级”表示“是第几……” The Yangtze River is the first longest river in China. 长江是中国第一长河。 运用“one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……的……之一” The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。 注意: 比较级的修饰词通常有even, much, a lot, a little, still, any, far等 过去进行时 1. 过去进行时的用法 (1)表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。 (2)表示过去某段时间内一直在进行的动作。 2. 与过去进行时连用的时间状语 常用的时间状语有: at 8 o’clock yesterday morning, at this time yesterday, at the time of. . . , when及while引导的时间状语从句。 3. when 和while的区别 连　词 用　法 when 引导的时间状语从句既可以表示时间点, 也可以表示时间段, 从句中谓语动词可以是非延续性动词, 也可以是延续性动词 while 引导的时间状语从句表示某个时间段, 从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词, 且多用进行时态 When she saw him, he was sitting in a self-driving car. 当她看到他时, 他正坐在一辆无人驾驶汽车里。 When/While Tom was doing his homework, the telephone rang. 当汤姆做作业时, 电话铃响了。 While my brother was listening to music, my sister was drawing a picture last night. 昨晚我哥哥在听音乐时, 我妹妹在画画。 现在完成时 一、基本结构与用法 1. 现在完成时的用法 表示过去已经发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 常与already, ever, before, just, yet, never等词连用。 2. 现在完成时的构成: 助动词have/has+过去分词 (1)肯定句式: 助动词have/has+过去分词。 (2)否定句式: haven’t/hasn’t+过去分词。 (3)一般疑问句: 把助动词have(has)提前。一般疑问句的肯定回答用: Yes, 主语+have(has). 。否定回答用: No, 主语+haven’t(hasn’t). , 有时可用No, not yet. 或No, never. 。 (4)特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词过去分词+其他? How many records has he bought? 他已经买了多少张唱片了? 【注意】have not常简略为haven’t, has not常简略为hasn’t。 3. 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 一般过去时 强调动作发生在过去某个时间或状态存在于过去某个时间 现在完成时 强调过去的动作对现在的影响 Tom lived in Beijing two years ago. 两年前汤姆住在北京。(不知道现在是否还住在北京) Tom has lived in Beijing for two years. 汤姆住在北京两年了。(现在汤姆还住在北京) 二、现在完成时的时间状语 1. have been to, have gone to与have been in have been to→意为“曾去过某地”, 强调往返的经历, 人已经回来 have gone to→意为“到某地去了”, 人不在说话现场 have been in→意为“在某地待了多久”, 强调过去到现在一直待在某地 【注意】当have/has been to和have/has gone to后跟某些地点副词, 如here, there和home等时, 介词to要省略。 —Where is Tom? ——汤姆在哪里? —He has gone to Beijing. He has been to Beijing many times. ——他去北京了。他去过北京好多次了。 Mrs Green has been in that small village for 10 years. 格林夫人在那个小村子待了10年了。 2. 现在完成时的时间状语 (1)表示不确定的时间的时间状语: already, yet, just, before等。 (2)表示包括“现在”在内的一段时间的时间状语: since. . . , for. . . , ever, never, recently, this week (year), these days (weeks, years), in/during the last/past two years, so far等。 【警示】 (1)already通常用于肯定句中, yet用于一般疑问句和否定句中。 (2)just(刚刚)通常和现在完成时连用, 而just now(刚才)则和一般过去时连用。 三、延续性与非延续性动词 1. 现在完成时的“未完成”用法 (1)现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某时开始, 一直延续至今, 还可能继续下去。这种用法称为“未完成”用法。此时常与for或since引导的时间状语(从句)连用。 (2)表示“未完成”的句式 现在完成时+for+一段时间 现在完成时+since+表示过去的时间点 现在完成时+since+从句 (3)谓语动词是延续性动词时可以用how long提问。 He has been a soldier for three years. 他参军三年了。(提问画线部分) →How long has he been a soldier? 他参军多长时间了? 2. 延续性动词与非延续性动词 (1)延续性动词表示经验、经历; 非延续性动词表示行为的结果, 不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。有些非延续性动词可以用延续性动词替换并用在现在完成时中。 (2)在现在完成时的句子中, 若含有for或since引导的时间状语, 则句中谓语动词要用延续性动词。在完成时的否定句中, 非延续性动词可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。 3. 非延续性动词转换成延续性动词 非延续性动词 延续性动词 非延续性动词 延续性动词 borrow keep open be open buy have leave be away from become be die be dead put on wear finish be over move to live in return be back recognize know fall ill be ill begin/start be on fall asleep be asleep come/go be here/there get to/arrive at(in)/reach be (in) come back be back get to know know go(get) out be out get up be up catch a cold have a cold get married be married 考点精练 单项选择 1．—Some people don’t show their talents at the very beginning. —I agree. Even Einstein ________ read until he was seven. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．couldn’t D．needn’t 2．—________ you please not throw rubbish everywhere? —Sorry, I’ll pick it up. A．Could B．Need C．Should D．Must 3．—Could you please help me make my bed? —I’m afraid I ________ . You ________  do it on your own. A．could; may B．couldn’t; should C．can’t; should D．can’t; may 4．—Lily, ________ you give me a hand? I can’t carry the heavy box by myself. —Sure, let me help you. A．could B．must C．should D．need 5．—Could I go out for dinner with my friends, mum? —________ You have so much homework to do. A．Yes, sure. B．Sorry, you can’t. C．Why not? D．No, you couldn’t. 6．My brother Steven is a smart boy. He ________ read when he was five. A．must B．should C．could D．might 7．—Could I have a look at your picture, Joe? —Of course you ________. A．could B．can C．may D．should 8．—Dad, ________ I go to the movies with Amy tonight? —Sure, but you should be back before 9: 30 p. m. A．might B．should C．could D．must 9．—David, ________ you please sweep the floor? —OK, Dad. A．could B．may C．should D．must 10．—_________ you please take out the trash? —OK. I’ll do it right away. A．Could B．Might C．Must D．Should 11．We ______ protect the endangered animals. A．should B．shouldn’t C．couldn’t D．could 12．—Mum, _______ I go out for dinner with my friends? —No, you can’t. You haven’t finished your homework yet. A．must B．should C．would D．could 13．—Excuse me. ________ you please take a photo for us? —Of course. Look at the camera and say cheese! A．Should B．Must C．Need D．Could 14．—Could you please buy some drinks and snacks? —________. I don’t have any money. A．No, I couldn’t B．Sorry, I can’t C．Yes, sure D．No way 15．—______ I go to Sally’s party tonight, Dad? —Sorry, I’m afraid you can’t go. A．Could B．Need C．Should D．Will 16．—________ I look at your new photos? —Yes, of course you ________. A．Could; could B．Could; can C．Need; could D．Must; can 17．—Lucy is angry with me. What should I do? —Maybe you ________ write a letter to say sorry to her. A．could B．couldn’t C．must D．mustn’t 18．—__________ we get something to drink after the movie? —That’s a good idea! A．Should B．Need C．Could D．Must 19．—________ you please not throw the rubbish everywhere? —Sorry. I will pick it up. A．Need B．Must C．Could D．May 20．—Excuse me, ________ you please tell me where I can post a letter? —________. Turn left. There is a post office on Fifth Road. A．could; Sure B．could; Sorry C．will; Sounds great D．will; Good idea 21．—How long may I ________ your bike, Denial? —For two weeks. But you mustn’t ________ it to others, Amy. A．borrow; lend B．keep; lend C．keep; borrow D．lend; borrow 22．This is not ________ useful book for me, but I will ________ it for a week because I don’t have time to return it. A．an; keep B．a; keep C．an; borrow D．a; borrow 23．They ________ England and they will be back next week. A．have gone to B．have been to C．have gone in D．has been on 24．It ________ a fantastic experience so far. A．is B．was C．has been D．have been 25．In the past several years, I ________ several ways to deal with my insomnia(失眠) but none of them ________. A．tried; works B．have tried; succeeds C．tried; succeeds D．have tried; works 26．She ________ in the pool since half an hour ago. A．is swimming B．swims C．has swum D．swam 27．How clean the classroom is! I think someone ________ it. A．is cleaning B．will clean C．has cleaned D．cleans 28．— China is a wonderful place. —So it is. I ________ there twice. A．have been B．have gone C．went D．will go 29．The Wild Park ________ for several months. Let’s go there for a trip this weekend. A．has opened B．has been open C．opened D．opens 30．—Hello! This is Daniel speaking. May I speak to Amy, please? —Sorry, but she ________ the city library. A．will go to B．was going to C．has gone to D．goes to 31．Jim, turn off the TV. It ________ for two hours. A．began B．has begun C．was on D．has been on 32．—Where is Mr. Zhao? —He ________ to Mount Tai. He’ll come back ________ a week. A．has been; in B．has gone; after C．has gone; in D．has been; after 33．—Is Tom at home? —No, he _________ to the town. A．has been B．has gone C．goes D．will go 34．—Have you finished your report ________? —Yes, I have ________ finished it. A．yet; yet B．yet; already C．already; yet D．already; already 35．The lake is quite clean and beautiful. ________, more than 13, 000,000 people have come here to take their vacations. A．In fact B．For example C．So far D．At first 36．—Are you writing to Tony? —Yes. I ________ in touch with him for many years by writing letters. A．keep B．kept C．will keep D．have kept 37．—Why won’t you go to see the film with me, Betty? —Because I ________ it twice. A．see B．saw C．have seen D．will see 38．The leaning tower ______ millions of tourists since its reopening in 2001. A．attracted B．has attracted C．had attracted D．would attract 39．We have been good friends ________. A．last year B．since we met last year C．one year ago D．when we met last year 40．—Do you still play tennis? —Oh, no. I ________ it for the past two years. A．didn’t play B．haven’t played C．played D．plays 41．—How long have you had the bike? —I ________ it since I was six years old. A．bought B．have bought C．have had D．has bought 42．—Lucy, is your aunt a teacher? —Yes, she is. She ________ English in this school for nearly 20 years. A．teaches B．is teaching C．has taught D．will teach 43．—Where is Miss Smith, Jenny? —She ________ her company for an important meeting. She left half an hour ago. A．has gone to B．has been to C．is going to D．goes to 44．—Do you know Mount Tai in Shandong? —Yes, I __________ it twice. It’s fantastic. A．will climb B．climb C．am climbing D．have climbed 45．Li Ming ________ to school. Maybe on the way. A．went B．goes C．has gone D．is going 46．Miss Li ________ in Shenyang since she ________ school. A．has worked, has left B．worked, left C．worked, has left D．has worked, left 47．—In the past few years, China’s space programme has made great progress. —That’s true. It ________ many astronauts to space station successfully. A．is sending B．was sending C．will send D．has sent 48．—He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man. —So far I ________ to the Great Wall several times. A．went B．goes C．will go D．have been 49．—Mum, what did the teacher say just now?   —Sorry, I ________ of something else. A．thought B．think C．will think D．was thinking 50．When I walked past the playground, Class 1 ________. But later, students told me that they lost ________ only 2 points. A．had won; at B．were winning; by C．had won; by D．were winning; at 51．My wife and I ________ a horror movie when suddenly someone knocked at the door. A．are watching B．were watching C．watched D．watch 52．While my mother ________ some shopping yesterday, she happened to meet an old friend. A．was doing B．did C．has done D．does 53．—Why didn’t Jim see me when I came in? —Oh, he ________ a book at that moment. A．reads B．read C．is reading D．was reading 54．—Could you tell me ________ a moment ago? —The surprise party next week. A．what were they talking about B．what are they talking about C．what they were talking about D．what they talking about 55．I didn’t notice the old man ________ in. I ________ my book. A．walk; was reading B．walking; was reading C．walk; read D．walking, read 56．—Did you hear that the Chinese skiing player, Gu Ailing, won the first prize? —Yes. I ________ with my friends at that time. A．have a picnic B．am having a picnic C．was having a picnic D．will have a picnic 57．While I ________ a short video in my room, my dog ran into the room. A．recorded B．is recording C．was recording D．recording 58．—Was Wendy at home when you returned? —Yes. She _________ in the kitchen. A．cooked B．is cooking C．was cooking D．cooks 59．—I called you at nine last night but you didn’t pick up. —I’m so sorry. I ________ the guitar for the school day next Monday. A．practice B．practiced C．am practicing D．was practicing 60．Both my mother and my sister ________ TV at half past eight last night. A．are watching B．were watching C．was watching D．watched 61．All the students ________ in the classroom then. They really had a good time together. A．are singing B．were singing C．sing D．sang 62．—I saw Bob and his brother in the English Club just now. —It couldn’t be Bob. He ________ basketball with his classmates. A．plays B．played C．is playing D．was playing 63．My best friend and I ________ a dance lesson at this time yesterday. A．had B．are having C．were having D．have 64．Tom said he ________ basketball with his classmates from 4:00 to 6:00 yesterday afternoon. A．plays B．was playing C．is playing D．will play 65．Our math teacher ________ our homework when I entered the teachers’ office. A．was correcting B．corrects C．corrected D．is correcting 66．—Why didn’t you come to Amada’s birthday party last night? —Sorry. I ________ my mother take care of my sister at that time. A．was helping B．helped C．will help D．am helping 67．—I called you last night, but nobody answered. —Oh, I ________ my pet dog in my yard then. A．walked B．am walking C．was walking D．will walk 68．My dad __________ his hair with a towel when the telephone rang. A．is cleaning B．was cleaning C．is drying D．was drying 69．My mother __________ when I got home just now. A．has cooked B．was cooking C．will cook D．cooks 70．—Jane, will you leave for the USA now? —No. It will be two weeks ________ I leave here. A．before B．until C．when D．after 71．You can eat the bread ________ you get hungry. A．before B．because C．when D．until 72．My brother was playing football ________ I was watching TV at home. A．as soon as B．after C．until D．while 73．—When did you go to bed last night? —I didn’t go to bed ________ I finished doing my homework. A．if B．until C．though D．because 74．Linda will show us some good photos when she ________ back from her trip. A．came B．comes C．would come D．will come 75．Jack won’t leave _________ my father ________ back. A．until; won’t come B．when; won’t come C．until; comes D．when; comes 76．You can keep my dictionary ________ you want. Don’t forget to ________ it back to me after you buy a new one. A．as much as; give B．as long as; return C．as much as; return D．as long as; give 77．— Do you know when Mr. Li will meet us tomorrow? — Sorry, I don’t know now, but I’ll tell you if he ________. A．arrive B．reaches C．get D．arrives 78．—We will certainly go to a good high school ________ we work hard. —Yes. Our dream will come true by working hard. A．as soon as B．as long as C．as far as D．even if 79．—Miss Li, I always make mistakes in my homework. What should I do? —Well, you know we can make fewer mistakes ________ we are careful enough. A．though B．because C．as soon as D．as long as 80．Believe in yourself! Your dream will come true ________ you put your heart into it. A．so that B．although C．as long as D．as soon as 81．Our eyesight will become poorer and poorer ________ we spend too much time playing the phone. A．so B．before C．if D．but 82．I believe everything goes well ________ I keep on trying and never give up hope. A．as long as B．as soon as C．as far as D．as important as 83．If it ________ tomorrow, I won’t go shopping with my mom. A．rain B．rains C．doesn’t rain D．don’t rain 84．We’ll make our dreams come true one day________ we keep trying and never give up. A．as long as B．but C．and D．so that 85．________ you work hard, I’ll buy a new computer for you. A．As short as B．As big as C．As long as D．As well as 86．Our president Xi always says, “Everyone can get happiness and our dream can come true ________ you always follow your heart.” A．as soon as B．so that C．as well as D．as long as 87．—Did you win the basketball game yesterday? —Not really. ________ we all tried our best, we lost. A．As long as B．Unless C．Though D．Because 88．—________ we are busy, ________ we can’t forget to show love to our parents. —That’s right. Parents are the most important people in our life. A．Though, but B．/, though C．But, though D．Although, / 89．She still went to work ________ she didn’t feel well yesterday. A．as long as B．even though C．as soon as D．so that 90．I didn’t go to the supermarket ________ the weather was bad. A．so B．or C．but D．because 91．Jill’s mother can’t take her to the zoo ________ she has no time. A．because B．when C．if D．however 92．—Why was he late? —He was late ________ he was ill, not ________ the bad weather. A．because; because of B．because of; because C．because; because D．because; so 93．The sky is bluer ________ we have taken action to protect the environment. A．because B．before C．until D．unless 94．You should go now ________ you won’t be late. A．so that B．so C．if D．when 95．Anna learns a lot about Anhui’s history she can become a tour guide in the future. A．if B．because C．although D．so that 96．— Have you seen the TV play My Ugly Mother? —Yes, it s well worth _________. It’s _________ exciting that I’ve seen it twice. A．being seen; such B．being seen; so C．seeing; so D．seeing; such 97．This movie is ________ wonderful ________ I want to watch it again. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．as; as 98．You’d better fix the machine ________ I have told you. Otherwise, you may make more problems. A．like B．when C．as D．for 99．— This dress was last year’s style. — I think it still looks perfect ______ it has gone out this year. A．so that B．as if C．even though D．ever since 100．--Did you go on vacation？--No，I stayed at home. A．somewhere interesting B．anywhere interesting C．interesting somewhere D．interesting anywhere $$