课时跟踪检测(9)（Word练习）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（译林版2020）

课时跟踪检测(九) [对应学生用书P168] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．There wasn't enough evidence(证据) to prove his guilt. 2．The height of the bicycle seat is adjustable(可以调节的). 3．His anxiety (渴求) for knowledge is to be praised. 4．There will be fierce resistance(抵制) to these proposals. 5．We had a long debate(辩论) as to whether we should spend so much money on space technology. 6．After he fell in the playground，I wrapped a bandage(绷带) around his ankle to give it some support. 7．It's well known that the dove is a universal symbol(象征) of peace. 8．Any event attended by the famous actor attracts widespread(广泛的) media attention. 9．You should not buy cigarettes or tobacco(s)(烟草) unless you are above 18 years of age. 10．The children surrounded the teacher while she was playing the organ(风琴) in the classroom. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Emotionally disturbed(disturb) children need special care and treatment. 2．New evidence(evident) has recently come to light. 3．Over the years, we all learned to adjust to become(become) more comfortable with each other, and to adapt to our new family arrangement. 4．I'm very anxious(anxiety) about the speech contest. 5．My interest in keeping diary dates back to my schooldays. 6．How do these misconceptions come about? 7．The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody. 8．He is leaving for the conference next week, all expenses to be paid(pay) by his company. 9．He got full marks in the final examination/exam(examine) because of his hard work. 10．So far, every possible means has been tried (try) to solve the problem. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．Nobody wants to switch back to the old system. 谁也不希望恢复旧制度。 2．It is evident that he will win in the election. 显然，他在选举中会获胜。 3．It is difficult to adjust one's habits to someone else． 一个人很难使自己的习惯适于他人。 4．I was anxious about the children when they didn't come back home from school. 孩子们放学后没有回家，我非常担心。 5．There is no doubt that everyone has the right to choose his own way of living. 毫无疑问，人人都有选择自己生活方式的权利。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 If you don't use it, you lose it. At least, that's how the old saying goes. It refers to the idea that something which does not get used regularly quickly falls into a state of decline. Muscles, for example, will waste away without use. In order to resist this, people take regular exercise to keep their skills sharp. Well, what about the brain? As we age, our brains can naturally begin to decline. In some cases, this can lead to certain mental conditions such as dementia(痴呆)，which I'm sure you will agree, no one wants. However, all is not lost because these days it's relatively easy to train your brain. Smart phones and apps have put programmes into our hands that can test, maintain and even improve our memories, mathematical skills and a lot of other mental abilities. With a little practice every day, we can keep our brains nice and sharp, right? Well, no, actually. According to a report from the Global Council on Brain Health, even though many people thought it was important to play online games, such as puzzles and mind games, which are designed to improve brain health, the evidence of the benefits was “weak to non­existent”． There are other ways to promote the old grey matter. It recommends seeking out new activities that challenge the way you think and are socially engaging，while leading to a healthy lifestyle. Among their suggestions are practising Tai Chi, taking photography classes, learning new technologies, gardening, art projects or volunteering. There's more good news, too, James Goodwin, chief scientist at Age UK has said that brain decline is not inevitable(不可避免的). As long as the activities are “new to you and require your concentrated attention”， they can provide benefits for brain health. So, hurry up, get out there and try something new. Maybe it's time to try that hobby you've always wanted to do. And as for me? I'm off to learn the piano. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人类的大脑像肌肉一样，需要不断地使用，才能变得更灵活，从而降低患智力类疾病的风险。 现在，互联网上有各种宣称能帮助促进大脑功能的游戏，智力开发类游戏的效果实际不如我们预期的那样高。文章也说明了一些日常活动能帮助人们锻炼脑力。 1．From which is the text probably taken? A．A biology textbook.　　　　B．A healthy magazine. C．A travel brochure. D．A research paper. B　[推理判断题。根据第一段“If you don't use it, you lose it. ...In order to resist this, people take regular exercise to keep their skills sharp.” 如果你不使用它，你就会失去它。至少，老话是这样说的。它指的是不经常使用的东西很快就会陷入衰退状态。例如肌肉，不用就会消耗掉。为了抵制这种情况，人们经常锻炼以保持大脑的敏捷。然后又介绍一些相关的保持大脑健康的知识，所以这篇文章的主题是和健康有关，应该出自于健康杂志。] 2．Which has the closest meaning of the underlined words “socially engaging”？ A．Making more shopping. B．Avoid brain decline. C．Doing exercises alone. D．Going out with friends. D　[词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“Among their suggestions are practising Tai Chi, taking photography classes, learning new technologies, gardening, art projects or volunteering.” 他们的建议包括练习太极、上摄影课、学习新技术、园艺、艺术项目或志愿服务。由此可猜测socially engaging是要参与社会活动，也就是和朋友一起出去(活动)。] 3．Which of the following can better keep your brain healthy according to the author? A．Trying something new. B．Using smart phone regularly. C．Playing games online. D．Doing what you are good at. A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“There's more good news, too, ...Maybe it's time to try that hobby you've always wanted to do.” 可知，英国老年组织首席科学家詹姆斯·古德温表示，大脑衰退并非不可避免。只要这些活动“对你来说是新鲜的，需要你集中注意力”，它们就可以为大脑健康提供好处。所以，赶快走出去，尝试一些新的东西。也许是时候尝试一下你一直想做的爱好了。由此可知，想要保持大脑健康就要尝试一些新的东西。] 4．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Advantages of trying something new. B．Disadvantages of using smart phones. C．Ways to keep our brain as sharp as possible. D．How to spend time meaningfully at an old age. C　[主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“There's more good news, too, James Goodwin, chief scientist at Age UK has said that brain decline is not inevitable. As long as the activities are ‘new to you and require your concentrated attention’， they can provide benefits for brain health.”可知，英国老年组织首席科学家詹姆斯·古德温表示，大脑衰退并非不可避免。只要这些活动“对你来说是新鲜的，需要你集中注意力”，它们就可以为大脑健康提供好处。这段给出保持大脑敏捷的方法，再根据“Well, what about the brain？”以及文章的前几段的内容，可知，文章是想向读者介绍如何保持大脑健康，如何保持大脑敏捷。] Ⅱ.完形填空 For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible. Trujillo, however, is an aerospace 1 who leads a team at the NASA laboratory 2 for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover(火星探测器). How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to 3 exploring it? That's a tale of 4 written in the stars. Born in 1983, even as a young girl Trujillo was 5 of her passion for science. But she doubted how far she'd be able to 6 in a male­dominated field. Then her dad offered to send her to Miami. Only 17 at the time, she 7 the offer. Trujillo took a series of housekeeping 8 to put herself through Miami Dade College. Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her 9 . But she didn't 10 “I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity.” Then came another life­changing moment. She became the first Hispanic(西班牙语国家的) woman to be 11 to the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. This February, when the Perseverance rover 12 on the surface of Mars, it was 13 by commentary(解说) from Trujillo in NASA's first­ever Spanish­language 14 ． Trujillo's own story is 15 that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Trujillo作为一位女性，靠着努力和毅力一步步成为了美国宇航局的工程师的故事。 1．A．astronaut B．pilot C．engineer D．guide C　[句意：然而，Trujillo是一名航空航天工程师，她领导着美国宇航局实验室的一个团队，负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。A．astronaut 宇航员；B．pilot飞行员；C．engineer工程师；D．guide指导；向导。根据下文“Later, she became an engineer at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.”可知她成为美国宇航局工程师，所以此处表示她是航天“工程师”。] 2．A．eager B．responsible C．concerned D．grateful B　[句意见上题解析。A．eager渴望的；B．responsible负责任的；C．concerned担心的；D．grateful感激的。此空是前面laboratory的后置定语，根据句意以及选项意思可知，此处表示的是这个实验室的职责，be responsible for“负责……”。] 3．A．actually B．hardly C．precisely D．repeatedly A　[句意：Trujillo是如何从只是梦想着宇宙变成真正探索宇宙的呢？A．actually事实上；B．hardly几乎不；C．precisely准确地；D．repeatedly重复地。此空对应了此句中的“dreaming about”，要表示的是“从梦想变成了现实”，在现实中真正探索宇宙。] 4．A．innocence B．kindness C．perseverance D．sympathy C　[句意：那是一个写在星空中的有关毅力的故事。A．innocence无辜；无罪；B．kindness善良；C．perseverance毅力；D．sympathy同情。根据文章开头“For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible.”可知一个女孩要进入美国宇航局工作是非常难的一件事，而这位女孩做到了，结合选项，所以此处表达她的整个经历是一个关于毅力和坚持的故事。当然通读文章，下文对于女孩故事的介绍，也可知道她的成长经历是一个有关毅力的故事。] 5．A．certain B．tolerant C．afraid D．fond A　[句意：Trujillo出生于1983年，尽管她还是个小女孩，但她确定自己对科学的热情。A．certain确信的；B．tolerant容忍的；宽容的；C．afraid害怕的；担心的；D．fond喜爱的。根据上文“How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to 3 exploring it? ”可知她一直梦想着探索宇宙，结合此句中的even，所以此处表达甚至在她还很小时，就确定了对科学的追求和喜爱。] 6．A．respond B．rise C．invest D．apply B　[句意：但她不确定自己在一个男性主导的领域地位能提高多少。A．respond回应；B．rise上升；地位提高；C．invest投资；投入；D．apply申请；应用。根据空后“in a male­dominated field”在男性主导的领域，结合句意以及选项可知，此处表达在这样一个男性主导的领域里，Trujillo不知道努力和坚持能让自己走多远，地位能提高多少。] 7．A．made up B．turned up C．picked up D．took up D　[句意：当时只有17岁，她接受了这个提议。A．made up编造；B．turned up出现；调大；C．picked up捡起；学会；D．took up接受(建议或主意)；占据。上文“Then her dad offered to send her to Miami.”她爸爸提出送她去迈阿密，下文“Trujillo took a series of housekeeping 8 to put herself through Miami Dade College.”提到她去迈阿密上大学，所以此处表示，她接受了爸爸让她去迈阿密的提议。] 8．A．measures B．activities C．jobs D．courses C　[句意：Trujillo做了一系列家务活，让自己读完了迈阿密戴德学院。A．measures措施；B．activities活动；C．jobs工作；D．courses课程。根据空前定语housekeeping以及此句句意可知，此处表达她给别人做家务活，也就是通过家务工作，挣钱让自己完成学业。] 9．A．studies B．purchases C．recreations D．trips A　[句意：有时她打扫浴室以帮助她完成学业。A．studies学习；研究；B．purchases购买的东西；C．recreations休闲活动；D．trips旅行。上题分析提到她做家务帮助她读完大学，结合选项，所以此处表示她打扫浴室帮助她完成学业。] 10．A．skip B．panic C．reform D．complain D　[句意：但她没有抱怨，她把一切都看成是一个机会。A．skip略过；B．panic惊慌；C．reform改革；D．complain抱怨。上题分析中提到为了完成学业，她要做家务，打扫浴室，此句用到转折词“but”，以及空后“I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity”她把遇到的一切都当作机会，所以此处表达，尽管学习完成不易，但是她不抱怨。] 11．A．applied B．admitted C．assigned D．introduced B　[句意：她成为第一个被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙女性。A．applied 申请；应用；B．admitted 承认；准许……进入；C．assigned 分配；分派；D．introduced 介绍。上文“Then came another life­changing moment.”接着又是一个改变人生的时刻，所以此处表示她被美国宇航局学院录取，这是她人生的转折点，be admitted to“被……录取”。] 12．A．originated B．sank C．landed D．waited C　[句意：今年2月，当“毅力号”火星车在火星表面着陆时，美国宇航局同时广播了Trujillo的解说，这是首次西班牙语的播报。A．originated起源；B．sank下沉；C．landed降落；着陆；D．waited等待。根据此空的主语，空后地点状语以及选项可知，此处表示的是“毅力号”在火星表面着陆。] 13．A．accompanied B．restricted C．enhanced D．teased A　[句意见上题解析。A．accompanied陪伴；伴随；B．restricted限制；C．enhanced增强；D．teased取笑；戏弄。结合上题分析以及句意和选项可知，此处表示的是“毅力号”着陆时，同时伴随着广播中Trujillo的西班牙语的解说。] 14．A．theory B．broadcast C．criticism D．performance B　[句意见第12题解析。A．theory理论；B．broadcast广播节目；C．criticism批评；D．performance表演；表现。结合上面两题分析以及选项可知，“毅力号”在火星着陆时，广播播报Trujillo用西班牙语所做的解说。] 15．A．enterprise B．information C．competence D．proof D　[句意：Trujillo自己的故事证明，越过障碍，有一个充满机遇的宇宙在等待着任何愿意努力工作去接近星星的人。A．enterprise公司；B．information信息；C．competence能力；胜任；D．proof证据；证明。此空后that引导同位语从句，解释说明此空名词的内容，根据句意和选项，此处表示她的故事是一种证明，表明了越过障碍，有一个充满机遇的宇宙在等待着任何愿意努力工作去接近宇宙的人。] Ⅲ.语法填空 Middle Island is a dangerous place for Little Penguins (企鹅), the smallest of the penguin species. At low tide (潮汐), it becomes 1. (access) to an introduced species, the European red fox, with disastrous consequences. 30 years ago, Middle Island was home to thousands of penguins, but by the late 90's that number 2. (fall) by half and in 2005 there was only four birds left. So, Allan Marsh, a local chicken farmer, advised 3. (use) Maremma sheep dogs to protect the penguins. “The whole idea was taking an off­the­wall type farming practice of having Maremmas protecting your livestock(家畜) and transposing them on an island where penguins were being 4. (constant) attacked by foxes，” Marsh said. Maremmas have been protecting animals for centuries. Unlike most trained animals, Maremmas do not pose a threat to livestock 5. fit in with them, forming social bonds. The City Council approved 6. idea and Marsh camped on the island with his Maremma, Oddball, for the first week during the month­long trial, 7. turned out to be a huge success. The 8. (present) of the dog kept foxes from going onto the island. More livestock guardian dogs 9. (send) in to Middle Island ever since. They take great trouble 10. (protect) penguins and the penguin population continues to climb. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。作者在文中描述了澳大利亚海岸一个岛屿上的生物链。 1．accessible　[考查形容词。句意：在退潮时，一种引入的物种——欧洲红狐——可以接近它，这带来了灾难性的后果。become为系动词，后接形容词作表语，所以应填入形容词accessible，表示“可接近的”，故填accessible。] 2．had fallen　[考查动词的时态。句意：30年前，中岛是成千上万只企鹅的家园，但到了90年代末，这个数字下降了一半，到2005年只剩下四只企鹅。分析句子可知，fall在句中作谓语，由句意及时间状语by the late 90's可知，时态应用过去完成时had done，故填had fallen。] 3．using　[考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，当地养鸡户艾伦·马什建议使用玛瑞玛牧羊犬来保护企鹅。由句意可知，此处表示“建议做某事”，应用固定搭配“advise doing sth.”，用动名词形式作宾语，故填using。] 4．constantly　[考查副词。句意：“整个想法是采用一种异乎寻常的农业实践，让Maremmas保护你的牲畜，然后把它们转移到一个企鹅经常受到狐狸攻击的岛屿上，”Marsh说。分析句子结合句意可知，此处修饰动作being attacked，应用副词修饰动词，故填constantly。] 5．but　[考查连词。句意：与大多数受过训练的动物不同，Maremmas不会对牲畜构成威胁，而是与它们和谐相处，形成社会关系。由句意可知，前后内容构成转折关系，应用连词but连接两个动作，故填but。] 6．the　[考查冠词。句意：市议会批准了这个想法，在为期一个月的试验中，马什和他的Maremma Oddball在岛上露营了一周，结果非常成功。由句意可知，此处的idea指的是前文“The whole idea”，所以应用定冠词the修饰，故填the。] 7．which　[考查定语从句的关系词。句意见上题解析。分析句子可知，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为“实验”，指物，从句缺少主语，所以应用关系代词which引导，故填which。] 8．presence　[考查名词。句意：这只狗的存在阻止了狐狸上岛。由句意和定冠词the可知，此处应用名词presence作主语，presence为不可数名词，故填 presence。] 9．have been sent　[考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：此后，更多的家畜护卫犬被派往中岛。分析句子可知，send在句中作谓语，由时间状语ever since可知，时态应用现在完成时，由句意可知，send与主语More livestock guardian dogs之间为被动关系，且主语为复数，所以本句谓语应用现在完成时的被动语态结构have been done，故填have been sent。] 10．to protect　[考查非谓语动词。句意：他们煞费苦心地保护企鹅，企鹅的数量继续攀升。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词take，所以protect在句中应用非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语，故填to protect。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$