上海高二上学期期末复习模拟卷01（不含听力）-2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末考点大串讲（上海）

2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末模拟卷（上海） II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Among various events organized by our company, the marathon impresses me most. The most unforgettable scene 1 (happen) in my first year of work, when I witnessed a silver-haired man in his 80s walk slowly toward the finishing line accompanied by two nurses. It was at that moment 2 I was deeply moved. I realized 3 marathon spirit stands for — perseverance, willpower, self-proving and self-breakthrough. I took part in the Nike Women’s Half Marathon in Washington DC this year. It was my first half marathon. The moment I passed over the bridge, runners from the opposite direction gave me high fives with an unspoken understanding, 4 (allow) me to forget fatigue and regain energy instantly. There were many times 5 I wanted to quit. But runners around me, as well as the spectators along the road, always encouraged me. In the last 500 meters, feeling sick in the stomach because of the cold wind, I slowed my pace and intended 6 (walk). A woman shouted at me: “Hey, you are almost there. Come on girl! You’re doing a great job.” I started to run again 7 powered by those words. And finally I made it. Running is flesh-and-blood and not just mechanical movements. Thus, I can’t help but 8 (become) more considerate about runners when organizing races. I wish to create a far 9 (favorable) running environment, offer better services and help 10 (they) achieve the results they expect — happily, conveniently and comfortably. 【答案】 1．happened 2．that 3．what 4．allowing 5．when 6．to walk 7．and 8．become 9．more favorable 10．them 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者印象最深的是公司组织的一次马拉松比赛，由此也让作者明白了何谓马拉松精神，而作者也自己参加了马拉松比赛。 1．考查时态。句意：最难忘的一幕发生在我工作的第一年，一位80多岁的银发老人在两位护士的陪伴下慢慢走向终点线。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in my first year of work”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“the most unforgettable scene”，单数，和动词happen之间为主动关系。故填happened。 2．考查强调句型。句意：就在那一刻，我被深深地打动了。这里为强调句型：it was…that…，强调时间状语at that moment。故填that。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：我意识到马拉松精神所代表的是毅力、意志力、自我证明和自我突破。这里为宾语从句的连接词，宾语从句中缺少宾语，表示物，用连接代词what引导。故填what。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：过桥的那一刻，对面的跑者用一种心照不宣的默契和我击掌，让我瞬间忘却了疲劳，恢复了活力。这里为非谓语动词担当结果状语，表示主句一句话所产生的“自然而然的、可预料的结果”，用现在分词形式。故填allowing。 5．考查定语从句。句意：有很多次我都想放弃。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为times，在从句中担当时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故填when。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在最后的500米，因为寒冷的风，我感到胃不舒服，我放慢了脚步，打算走。这里为非谓语动词担当intend的宾语，用动词不定式，构成短语：intend to do sth，意为“打算做某事”。故填to walk。 7．考查连词。句意：我又开始跑起来，被这句话激励着。空前“started to run again”和空后“powered by those words”之间为并列关系，用并列连词and。故填and。 8．考查固定搭配。句意：因此，在组织比赛时，我不由得更加体谅跑步者。固定搭配：can’t help but do sth.意为“不由得做某事”。故填become。 9．考查比较级。句意：我希望创造一个更有利的跑步环境，提供更好的服务，帮助他们达到他们期望的结果——快乐、方便、舒适。根据下文的“offer better services”可知，空处为形容词比较级。故填more favorable。 10．考查代词。句意：我希望创造一个更有利的跑步环境，提供更好的服务，帮助他们达到他们期望的结果——快乐、方便、舒适。根据空前的help可知，空处为宾语，用代词的宾格。故填them。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．comprehensive B．spread C． impact D．incredible E. observed F. compared G. success H. firmly I. combination J. heavily K. motivate A new report by the World Health Organization (WHO) reveals that around one in a hundred deaths worldwide is due to passive smoking, which kills an estimated 600,000 people a year. In the first study to assess the global 11 of second-hand smoke, WHO experts find that children are more 12 exposed to second-hand smoke than any other age-group, and around 165,000 of them a year die because of it. Children’s exposure to second-hand smoke is most likely to happen at home, and the double blow of infectious diseases and tobacco seems to be a deadly 13 for children in these regions. Commenting on the findings, Heather Wipfli and Jonathan Samet from the University of Southern California, said policymakers try to 14 families to stop smoking in the home. While deaths due to passive smoking in children were skewed (曲解) toward poor and middle-income countries, deaths in adults were 15 across countries at all income levels. In Europe’s high-income countries, only 71 child deaths occurred, while 35,388 deaths were in adults. Yet in the countries like Africa, an estimated 43,375 deaths due to passive smoking were in children 16 with 9,514 in adults. Only 7.4 percent of the world population currently lives in places with 17 smoke-free laws, and those laws are not always 18 enforced (施行). In places where smoke-free rules are 19 , research shows that exposure to second-hand smoke in high-risk places like bars and restaurants can be cut by 90 percent, and in general by 60 percent, the researchers said. Studies also show such laws help to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked by smokers and lead to higher 20 rates in those trying to quit. 【答案】 11．C 12．J 13．I 14．K 15．B 16．F 17．A 18．H 19．E 20．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了二手烟的危害以及制定无烟法律的影响。 11．考查名词。句意：在第一项评估二手烟全球影响的研究中，世界卫生组织专家发现，儿童遭受二手烟的影响比任何其他年龄群体的人更严重，其中每年约有165000人死于二手烟。根据空前的形容词global，空处应用名词作宾语。根据“children are more 　　2　　exposed to second-hand smoke than any other age-group, and around 165,000 of them a year die because of it”可知，这里是说二手烟的影响。impact“影响”符合题意。故选C。 12．考查副词。句意参考上题。空处应用副词作状语修饰动词exposed。根据“around 165,000 of them a year die because of it”，这里是说儿童遭受二手烟的影响严重。heavily“严重地，大量地”符合题意。故选J。 13．考查名词。句意：儿童接触二手烟最有可能发生在家里，传染病和烟草的双重打击似乎是这些地区儿童的致命组合。根据空前的a，这里应用名词单数形式。根据“the double blow of infectious diseases and tobacco”，这里是说传染病和烟草的组合。combination“结合体，结合”符合题意。故选I。 14．考查动词。句意：南加州大学的Heather Wipfli和Jonathan Samet在评论这一发现时表示，政策制定者试图激励家庭在家里戒烟。try to do sth.意为“试图做某事”，所以空处应用动词原形。根据空后的“to stop smoking in the home”，这里是说激励这些家庭停止在家吸烟。motivate“激励”符合题意。故选K。 15．考查动词。句意：尽管儿童因被动吸烟而死亡的情况倾向于在贫穷和中等收入国家，但成年人的死亡分布在各个收入水平的国家。根据空前的were，空处应用动词的过去分词形式，构成一般过去时的被动语态。根据空后的“across countries at all income levels”，这里是说成年人的死亡分布在各个收入水平的国家。spread“使分散，使分布”为动词，其过去式和过去分词均为spread。故选B。 16．考查动词。句意：然而，在非洲等国家，与成年人9514的死亡人数相比，估计有43375名儿童死于被动吸烟。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词，在句中作状语。compared with意为“与……相比”，符合题意。故选F。 17．考查形容词。句意：目前，世界上只有7.4%的人口生活在有全面无烟法律的地方，而这些法律并不总是得到严格执行。根据空后的“smoke-free laws”，空处应用形容词作定语，表示全面无烟的法律。comprehensive“全面的”符合题意。故选A。 18．考查副词。句意参考上题。空处应用副词作状语修饰enforced。根据空前的“are not always”，这里是说这些全面无烟的法律并不总是得到严格的执行。firmly“坚定地”符合题意。故选H。 19．考查动词。句意：研究人员表示，在遵守无烟规定的地方，研究表明在酒吧和餐馆等高风险场所二手烟接触可以减少90%，而一般情况下是减少60%。根据空前的are，空处应用动词的过去分词形式，构成一般现在时的被动语态。根据“research shows that exposure to second-hand smoke in high-risk places like bars and restaurants can be cut by 90 percent”，这里是说在遵守无烟规定的地方可以有效减少二手烟的接触，observed“遵守”符合题意。故选E。 20．考查名词。句意：研究还表明，这些法律有助于减少吸烟者吸烟的数量，并提高戒烟者的成功率。根据空后的rates，这里应用名词，作定语。根据“help to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked by smokers”和“in those trying to quit”，这里是说这些法律可以减少吸烟，提高戒烟者戒烟的成功率。success“成功”符合题意。故选G。 III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we’ve just watched or books we’ve just finished reading, but plain and simple 21 . Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we 22 do with it? We gossip. About others’ behaviour and private lives, such as who’s doing what with whom, who’s in and who’s out—and why; how to deal with difficult 23 situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues. So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural 24 , of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It’s not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really 25 issues. Dunbar 26 the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don’t spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar— 27 , he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip. Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the 28 of the higher primates(灵长类动物) like monkeys. By means of grooming—cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or 29 from outside it. As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar 30 that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the 31 it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to 32 the pressure and calm everybody down. But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be 33 to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more 34 kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one 35 contact. 21．A．gesture B．gossip C．description D．recognition 22．A．occasionally B．habitually C．discreetly D．originally 23．A．historical B．natural C．social D．cultural 24．A．wasters B．users C．masters D．owners 25．A．witty B．vivid C．vital D．worthless 26．A．supposes B．rejects C．highlights D．outlines 27．A．on the contrary B．for instance C．in addition D．as a result 28．A．comprehension B．appearance C．motivation D．behaviour 29．A．contact B．attack C．assistance D．trick 30．A．concludes B．recalls C．requires D．confesses 31．A．protection B．prospect C．responsibility D．promise 32．A．echo B．blame C．ease D．preserve 33．A．established B．extended C．earned D．consumed 34．A．efficient B．scientific C．considerate D．common 35．A．regular B．independent C．widespread D．physical 【答案】 21．B 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．B 30．A 31．A 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．D 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们语言的大多数不是重大的话题讨论和研究，而是闲言碎语，而Dunbar教授认为这些闲言碎语不是在浪费时间，而是对语言的发展很重要。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，人类对话的三分之二都不是关于文化、政治的话题，也不是我们看过的热门电影和读过的书，而是简单的闲聊。A. gesture姿势；B. gossip闲聊；C. description描述；D. recognition识别。根据后文“We gossip.”的词义复现可知，本文主要讲述关于闲聊的话题，故此处指人类对话的三分之二都是简单的闲聊，故选B。 22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：语言是我们这个物种最宝贵的财富，而我们通常用语言干什么呢？A. occasionally偶尔，不时；B. habitually通常；C. discreetly谨慎地；D. originally原始地。根据前文“Language is our greatest treasure as a species”可知，语言是我们宝贵的财富，我们无时无刻不使用语言，故此处指我们通常用语言来干什么，故选B。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：怎样处理有关孩子、爱人以及同事的复杂社交关系。A. historical历史的；B. natural自然的；C. social社会的；D. cultural文化的。根据空后“involving children, lovers, and colleagues.”可知，涉及到孩子、爱人和同事，这些都是属于社交方面，故选C。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们只是时间和话语的天然浪费者吗？A. wasters浪费者；B. users使用者；C. masters大师；D. owners拥有着。根据空后“of both time and words?”可知，闲聊是一种对时间和语言的浪费，不涉及任何重要的信息，故此处指我们是时间和语言的浪费者。故选A。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在其新书《装扮、闲聊和语言的演化》中，这位心理学家说，闲聊恰恰是最重要的事情之一。A. witty风趣的；B. vivid生动的；C. vital重要的；D. worthless无价值的。根据前文“Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It’s not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar.”可知，前文反问，我们热衷于八卦是因为我们天生喜欢浪费时间和口舌，还是说只是为了逃避更重要的事？而Professor Robin Dunbar 反对这一观点，故Dunbar教授认为闲聊是很重要的事情，故选C。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dunbar不同意语言是人类在社会发展的早期阶段为了更有效地组织男人的狩猎活动乃至促进有关自身起源和超自然力量的诗歌故事的交流而发展起来的传统看法。A. supposes认为；B. rejects反对，拒绝；C. highlights强调；D. outlines概述。根据后文“Instead he suggests that language evolved among women.”可知，与此相反，他暗示语言是在女人之间演化形成的，故他不同意这个观点，故选B。 27．考查短语词义辨析。句意：正因为我们有说话的能力，所以我们不可以花三分之二的时间去闲聊，Dunbar则争辩道——恰恰相反，他继续说，语言的演化正是为了满足我们闲聊的需要。A. on the contrary相反；B. for instance比如说；C. in addition此外，而且；D. as a result因此。根据空前“We don’t spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk”和空后“language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.”可知，空前提到的“我们不可以花三分之二的时间去闲聊”与空后“语言的演化正是为了满足我们闲聊的需要。”为两种相反的观点，故选A。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过研究猴子之类的灵长类动物的行为，Dunbar获得了很有趣的理论。A. comprehension理解力；B. appearance外貌；C. motivation动力；D. behaviour行为。根据后文“By means of grooming—cleaning the fur by brushing it”可知，猴子通过装扮——梳理清洁皮毛，这是猴子的行为，故选D。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：猴子通过装扮——梳理清洁皮毛，与其他个体形成了群组，这样当群组内部发生某种冲突时，或者遭受来自外部的攻击时，他们可以相互支持。A. contact联系，沟通；B. attack攻击；C. assistance帮助；D. trick诡计。根据空前“in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or”可知，故此处应用conflict并列，故指他们在发生冲突，或者受到外部攻击时会相互支持，故选B。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dunbar得出结论，鉴于我们人类由灵长类动物的某个特定的分支进化而来， 因此在历史上我们也曾经历过类似阶段。A. concludes得出结论；B. recalls回忆；C. requires要求；D. confesses承认，招供。根据空前“As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family”可知，因为我们人类由灵长类动物的某个特定的分支进化而来，故这使得Dunbar得出结论，在历史上我们也曾经历过类似阶段，故选A。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：组织在一起才有意义，因为群组越大，它所能提供的保护就越可靠。A. protection保护；B. prospect前景；C. responsibility责任；D. promise承诺。根据前文“monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support”可知，猴子通过形成群组而相互支持，故此处指群组越大，提供的保护就越可靠，故选A。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：换句话说，群组越大，和他人紧密生活在一起的压力也越大。装扮会帮助缓解压力，平复每个人的情绪。A. echo发出回声；B. blame责备；C. ease减轻，缓解；D. preserve保护；根据前文“the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others.”可知，群组越大，和他人紧密生活在一起的压力也越大，故装扮会帮助缓解压力，故选C。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但随着群组变得越来越大，为了维持其效能，用在装扮活动上的时间也要延长。A. established建立；B. extended延长；C. earned获得；D. consumed消费。根据前文“as the groups got bigger and bigger”可知，随着群组变得越来越大，那么花在装扮活动上的时间就越长，故此处指需要延长这些时间，故选B。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：显然，需要一种更有效的装扮形式，由此语言作为一种有声的装扮形式应运而生，它允许人们通过在一个更宽的个体网络上交换信息，与较以往更大的群组发展关系，这种方式比一对一的身体接触方式更有可能实现。A. efficient有效率的；B. scientific科学的；C. considerate考虑周到的，体贴的；D. common常见的。根据前文“But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be 　　13　　 to maintain its effectiveness.”可知，但随着群组变得越来越大，为了维持其效能，用在装扮活动上的时间也要延长，因此也就需要更有效的装扮方式，故选A。 35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. regular有规律的；B. independent独立的；C. widespread广泛的；D. physical身体上的。根据前文“By means of grooming—cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or 　　9　　 from outside it.”可知，猴子通过相互整理毛发这一过程中结成群体，获取帮助和支持。而随着群体规模的扩大，一对一地梳理毛发这以形式不再适应现实，语言作为一种有声的形式应运而生，故此处指相互整理毛发这一身体上的接触的行为，故选D。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Different people have different ambitions in life such as doctors. For as long as I can remember I always liked teaching people something. From my childhood, I taught whatever I learned in school. It started with helping some trying to tie their shoelaces or making my younger siblings remember alphabets through a sing-song rhythm. This profession will enable me to make my humble contribution to the building of my nation by instilling the spirit of nationalism and patriotism in my students. The sense of accomplishment I used to feel when the other person finally learned whatever it was that I had been teaching them was indescribable. The main reason I always wanted to teach was that firstly I thought teaching comes naturally to me and secondly, I always had the utmost respect for my teacher, who knew my strengths and weakness more than I did. According to Plato, education is the turning of the inner eye towards the light. By adopting the profession of teaching, I can hope to perform this stupendous task. I aspire to make a difference in others’ lives through education. I’m studying to be an elementary school teacher because I believe that children can achieve so much more if they learn early of their potential. My parents taught me as a child that schooling was vital to success in life. Truly, that lesson has been the most important in my path to college. I don’t think I would have made it this far had I not taken my education seriously. What started from teaching my siblings in their homework ended in me volunteering to teach underprivileged children and making me realize that in this world there could be never enough educators and there are people in this world who are always in need of learning. I want to teach others about the importance of education so they too can prosper. Everything I’m learning at university is important for my future career and, if I don’t study it, I'm failing my future students. In view of the foregoing reasons, I am convinced that my preference to become a teacher is a step in the right direction. I will, therefore, spare no effort to achieve this ambition of my life. 36．The author mentioned the childhood experience to_________. A．share the sense of accomplishment B．advocate nationalism and patriotism C．explain the inborn passion for teaching D．introduce several ways to help others 37．What does the word “stupendous” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Impossible. B．Impressive. C．Indescribable. D．Imaginary. 38．What inspires the author to become an elementary school teacher? A．The significance of education. B．The power of students’ potential. C．The life of the university. D．The successful career of parents. 39．What has the author learned from the voluntary work? A．Being a teacher is effortless. B．Poor children fail to be educators. C．Studying in university is not enough. D．Education should be accessible to all. 【答案】36．C 37．B 38．A 39．D 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者阐述了自己成为一名教师的梦想和追求。 36．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“For as long as I can remember I always liked teaching people something. From my childhood, I taught whatever I learned in school.(我记得从我记事起，我就一直喜欢教别人一些东西。从童年开始，我就教我在学校学到的东西)”可知，作者提到自己从童年开始就喜欢教别人东西，这解释了他对教学的天生热情。由此推知，作者提到童年经历是为了解释自己对教学的天生热情。故选C。 37．词句猜测题。根据上文“According to Plato, education is the turning of the inner eye towards the light.(根据柏拉图的说法，教育是使内在的眼睛转向光明)”可知，作者希望通过从事教育事业来完成这项令人印象深刻的任务。由此可知，划线词stupendous意为“令人印象深刻的”。故选B。 38．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“I aspire to make a difference in others’ lives through education. I’m studying to be an elementary school teacher because I believe that children can achieve so much more if they learn early of their potential. My parents taught me as a child that schooling was vital to success in life. Truly, that lesson has been the most important in my path to college. I don’t think I would have made it this far had I not taken my education seriously.(我渴望通过教育改变他人的生活。我正在学习成为一名小学教师，因为我相信如果孩子们能尽早了解到自己的潜力，他们就能取得更多的成就。我的父母在我小时候就告诉我，学校教育对人生成功至关重要。的确，这一教诲是我通往大学道路上最重要的一课。如果我没有认真对待我的教育，我不认为我能走到这一步)”可知，作者提到自己渴望通过教育改变别人的生活，并且提到自己的父母教育自己学习的重要性，这是自己走向大学的最重要的教训。由此推知，作者认为教育的意义非常重要，这激发了他成为一名小学教师的愿望。故选A。 39．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What started from teaching my siblings in their homework ended in me volunteering to teach underprivileged children and making me realize that in this world there could be never enough educators and there are people in this world who are always in need of learning.(从教兄弟姐妹做作业开始，我最终成为了志愿者，教授贫困儿童，这让我意识到在这个世界上，教育者永远不会足够，而且总是有人需要学习)”可知，作者通过参与志愿工作教授贫困儿童，深刻意识到在这个世界上教育对于所有人来说都是必要的，不应该被限制。这表明作者认为教育应该普及到每个人。由此推知，从志愿工作中作者学到的是“教育应该对所有人都是可及的”。故选D。 B The following are a series of new parks that have opened around the world in the last two years. They are undoubtedly satisfying getaways for parents and children to squeeze in moments of fun. Katmandu Park, Punta Cana, Dominican Republic Opened in March 2023 on the east coast of the Dominican Republic, the park is full of mystery. According to legend, explorer Kilgore Goode was on an adventure through Nepal when he came across the “Desirata” jewel, protected by a fierce snowman. The key attractions include the 4D ride “Legend of Desirata” and “EtherQuest”, an interactive upside-down house. Tickets: $120 for adults; $85for children. Ghibli Park, Japan Located outside of Nagoya, Japan, Ghibli Park opened in late 2022．Within the 17.5forested ground of the Expo 2005, guests will find five areas that recreate several lively famous scenes of the famous animated movies “Spirited Away” and “My Neighbor Totoro”. Tickets: $15for adults; $7.5for children. Peppa Pig Theme Park, Florida The world’s first Peppa Pig Theme Park opened in 2022 in Winter Haven, Florida, and has been delighting children ever since. Committed to the classic British animated TV show, where little Peppa has everyday adventures with her friends and family, the 4.5-acre park welcomes children with well-designed, multi-sensory activities across six areas. Tickets: $34 for adults; $25for children. Genting SkyWorlds Theme Park, Malaysia Located within Resorts World Genting, about an hour’s drive from Malaysia’s capital Kuala Lumpur, Genting SkyWorlds Theme Park opened in January 2022．Across the 26-acre park, which cost $800 million and took nearly 10 years to create, visitors will find 26 attractions across nine areas inspired by movies and explorations. Tickets: $30 for adults; $25for children. 40．How much will the Smiths with their daughter pay to visit Ghibli Park? A．$22.5． B．$30． C．$37.5． D．$45． 41．What do we know about Genting SkyWorlds Theme Park? A．It has nine attractions in all. B．It is located in Malaysia’s capital. C．It has been opened for almost two years. D．It is the biggest movie-centered park worldwide. 42．What do the four parks have in common? A．They are all inspired by legends. B．They are all family-friendly parks. C．They all took a long time to create. D．They were all built in the same year. 【答案】40．C 41．C 42．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界各地的几个主题公园。 40．细节理解题。根据Ghibli Park, Japan部分中“Tickets: $15 for adults; $7.5 for children.(票价：成人15美元；7.5美元的孩子)”可知，史密斯夫妇和女儿参观吉卜力主题公园需支付15×2+7.5=37.5美元，故选C。 41．细节理解题。根据Genting SkyWorlds Theme Park, Malaysia部分中“Located within Resorts World Genting, about an hour’s drive from Malaysia’s capital Kuala Lumpur, Genting SkyWorlds Theme Park opened in January 2022.(云顶天城世界主题公园位于云顶名胜世界内，距离马来西亚首都吉隆坡约一小时车程，于2022年1月开放)”可知，云顶天城世界主题公园开放近两年了。故选C。 42．细节理解题。根据第一段中“They are undoubtedly satisfying getaways for parents and children to squeeze in moments of fun.(毫无疑问，他们是父母和孩子们挤出欢乐时光的令人满意的度假方式)”可知，四个主题公园的共同点是它们都是适合家庭的公园，故选B。 C Electronic waste, or e-waste, has reached levels that cannot be continued. More efforts are needed to take precious metals from abandoned laptops and smartphones. Research shows that over 57 million tons of e-waste was created worldwide in 2021 and people are frustrated about the lack of options to recycle their tech. Building a low-carbon economy will depend on battery technology for electric vehicles and energy storage. Taking the elements from used batteries will be an environmental necessity. Lithium-ion (锂离子) batteries also contain cobalt (钴) and copper (铜), but as mining for these metals creates poisonous pollution that can ruin the environment, so too can battery recycling if not done properly. It’s a problem that needs to be solved quickly. Another strong pressure in mining e-waste for recycled materials is that supplies could stop entirely. Up to 30 different elements are used in smartphones, and six of them are predicted to run out in the next century. “Developing a circular economy where minerals used in tech devices are saved and repurposed could help us to bypass supply chain issues in the future while also helping to reduce environmental impacts,” said RSC president Tom Welton. “It is essential that governments and businesses urgently do more to deal with the world’s growing e-waste crisis and ease the worry on supply chains.” The US generates more than six million tons of e-waste each year and recycles only15 per cent. So there is a huge need to increase and regulate recycling instead of shipping waste abroad, where it is taken apart or made into pieces, releasing poison that can expose workers, including children, to diseases like cancer. Vast quantities are simply burned or buried in landfill to pollute the air, soil and water. Electronic equipment is forecast to generate nearly 75 million metric tons of e-waste annually by 2030—almost double what was created in 2014. Less than 20per cent of global e-waste is currently recycled and that needs to change. 43．What’s the author’s attitude towards the future supplies of certain elements? A．Concerned. B．Satisfied. C．Objective. D．Uncertain. 44．What does Tom Welton suggest? A．Regulating local recycling. B．Boosting efforts to take metals. C．Increasing global e-waste recycling. D．Developing a circular economy for tech minerals. 45．Why does the author mention the US e-waste in the fifth paragraph? A．To show the focus on the problem from the government. B．To make a further prediction about worsening problems. C．To illustrate the seriousness of the problem. D．To find a solution to the problem. 46．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Mining’s environmental impact. B．Lack of recycling options for tech devices. C．Need for a circular economy in tech devices. D．Growing e-waste crisis and supply chain effects. 【答案】43．A 44．D 45．C 46．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了电子垃圾（e-waste）的问题日益严重，包括其对环境的污染和对资源的浪费。 43．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Building a low-carbon economy will depend on battery technology for electric vehicles and energy storage. Taking the elements from used batteries will be an environmental necessity.( 建设低碳经济将取决于电动汽车和能源储存的电池技术。从废旧电池中提取元素将是环保的必需品。)”以及第三段中“Another strong pressure in mining e-waste for recycled materials is that supplies could stop entirely. Up to 30 different elements are used in smartphones, and six of them are predicted to run out in the next century.(从电子垃圾中回收材料的另一个巨大压力是供应可能完全停止。智能手机中使用了多达30种不同的元素，其中6种预计将在下个世纪用完。)”可知，此处提到了一些元素可能会在未来世纪耗尽，作者强调了开发循环经济的重要性，以确保矿物资源得到重复利用，从而避免未来供应链的问题，并减少环境影响。这表明作者对未来某些元素的供应感到担忧。故选A。 44．细节理解题。根据第四段中““Developing a circular economy where minerals used in tech devices are saved and repurposed could help us to bypass supply chain issues in the future while also helping to reduce environmental impacts,” said RSC president Tom Welton.( RSC主席Tom Welton说：“发展循环经济，节约和重新利用科技设备中使用的矿物，可以帮助我们在未来绕过供应链问题，同时也有助于减少对环境的影响。”)”可知，Tom Welton建议开发一个循环经济，其中科技设备中使用的矿物被保存和重新利用。这可以绕过未来的供应链问题，同时减少环境影响。故选D。 45．推理判断题。根据第五段中“The US generates more than six million tons of e-waste each year and recycles only15 per cent.(美国每年产生600多万吨电子垃圾，其中只有15%被回收利用。)”以及本段中“Vast quantities are simply burned or buried in landfill to pollute the air, soil and water.(大量的垃圾被直接焚烧或填埋，污染了空气、土壤和水。)”可知，作者提到美国每年产生超过600万吨电子废物，但只有15%被回收这个例子说明了电子废物问题的严重性。故选C。 46．主旨大意题。文章主要讨论了电子废物问题的严重性，以及开发循环经济和有效回收科技设备中矿物的重要性。文章中提到了全球电子废物的增长，以及供应链可能受到的影响，因此选项D“Growing e-waste crisis and supply chain effects.(日益严重的电子垃圾危机和供应链效应。)”概括文章的主要内容。故选D。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. What Makes a Nobel Laureate? Are there any predictors that point to who will be selected as Nobel laureates? Is brilliance in childhood a predictor? When the 2006 chemistry laureate, Roger Kornberg, was asked what he wanted for Christmas, he said, “A week in the lab.” 47 . Mario Capecchi (medicine, 2007) was an abandoned child on the streets of wartime Italy. 48 . Five of Enrico Fermi’s (physics, 1938) postdoctoral students went on to win the Nobel Prize. Otto Warburg (medicine, 1931) advised an American doctoral student, “If you wish to become a scientist, you must ask a successful scientist to accept you in his laboratory.” Experts often recommend that people specialize in one field of work or research to maximize their chances of success. 49 If you look at the careers of Nobel Prize winners, you’ll find that they are unusually likely to be “creative polymaths.” That is, they purposely integrate formal and informal expertise from widely varied disciplines to yield new and useful ideas and practices. There remains one quality that is essential. It is what Leon Lederman (physics, 1988) called “compulsive dedication.” 50 . Take Marie Curie (physics, 1903; chemistry, 1911) and her husband Pierre (physics, 1903). The Curies were assigned a shed with a leaking roof and a dirt floor, where they worked for years, freezing in winter and sweltering in summer. “And yet,” Marie Curie wrote in her biography of her husband, “it was in this miserable old shed that the best and happiest years of our life were spent, entirely dedicated to work.” A．What distinguishes Nobel laureates is passion for their work, work that engages their hearts as well as their heads. B．But early privilege is not essential. C．The typical Nobel laureate in science is a male born into a middle-class family. D．In many Nobel laureates’ autobiographies, they pay tribute to an outstanding mentor. E．In fact, Nobel laureates are mostly down-to-earth and discreet. F．Yet recently published researches indicate that successful innovators take a broader path. 【答案】47．B 48．D 49．F 50．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就得诺贝尔奖的条件展开说明，列举了诺贝尔奖得主的一些特性。 47．根据上文“Is brilliance in childhood a predictor? When the 2006 chemistry laureate, Roger Kornberg, was asked what he wanted for Christmas, he said, “A week in the lab.”(童年时期的聪明才智是一种预测因素吗？当2006年化学奖得主罗杰·科恩伯格被问到他想要什么圣诞礼物时，他说：“在实验室里呆上一周。”)”以及后文“Mario Capecchi (medicine, 2007) was an abandoned child on the streets of wartime Italy.(马里奥·卡佩基（医学，2007）是战时意大利街头的一个被遗弃的孩子)”可知，后文马里奥·卡佩基的例子表明，小时候是个被遗弃的孩子，从而说明了小时候环境优越并不是可以预测得诺贝尔奖的因素，本句与上文构成转折关系。故B选项“但是早期特权不是必要的”符合语境，故选B。 48．根据后文“Five of Enrico Fermi’s (physics, 1938) postdoctoral students went on to win the Nobel Prize. Otto Warburg (medicine, 1931) advised an American doctoral student, “If you wish to become a scientist, you must ask a successful scientist to accept you in his laboratory.”(恩里科·费米（物理学，1938年）的五个博士后学生后来获得了诺贝尔奖。Otto Warburg（医学，1931年）对一位美国博士生说：“如果你想成为一名科学家，你必须让一位成功的科学家接受你进入他的实验室。”)”可知，后文提到恩里科·费米（物理学，1938年）的五个博士后学生后来获得了诺贝尔奖，即可推知恩里科·费米是这五个诺贝尔奖得主的导师。故D选项“在许多诺贝尔奖得主的自传中，他们赞扬一位杰出的导师”符合语境，故选D。 49．根据上文“Experts often recommend that people specialize in one field of work or research to maximize their chances of success.(专家们经常建议人们专注于一个领域的工作或研究，以最大限度地提高他们成功的机会)”以及后文“If you look at the careers of Nobel Prize winners, you’ll find that they are unusually likely to be “creative polymaths.” That is, they purposely integrate formal and informal expertise from widely varied disciplines to yield new and useful ideas and practices.(如果你看看诺贝尔奖得主的职业生涯，你会发现他们非常有可能是“有创造力的博学家”。也就是说，他们有意地整合来自广泛不同学科的正式和非正式的专业知识，以产生新的和有用的想法和实践)”可知，后文提到诺贝尔奖得主整合来自广泛不同学科的专业知识。由此可知，本句与上文专注于一个领域的工作或研究构成转折，指出要多方面发展。故F选项“然而，最近发表的研究表明，成功的创新者走的是更广阔的道路”符合语境，故选F。 50．根据后文“Take Marie Curie (physics, 1903; chemistry, 1911) and her husband Pierre (physics, 1903). The Curies were assigned a shed with a leaking roof and a dirt floor, where they worked for years, freezing in winter and sweltering in summer. “And yet,” Marie Curie wrote in her biography of her husband, “it was in this miserable old shed that the best and happiest years of our life were spent, entirely dedicated to work.”(比如玛丽·居里（物理学，1903年;化学，1911）和她的丈夫皮埃尔（物理学，1903）。居里夫妇被分配到一个屋顶漏水、地面肮脏的棚子里，他们在那里工作了好几年，冬天冻得要命，夏天闷热难耐。“然而，”玛丽·居里在她丈夫的传记中写道，“我们一生中最美好的、最快乐的时光，就是在这个悲惨的老棚子里度过的，我们把全部精力都投入到了工作中。”)”可知，后文居里夫人和丈夫的例子表明，他们把全部精力都投入到了工作中，对工作充满热情。故A选项“诺贝尔奖得主的与众不同之处在于他们对工作的热情，这种工作既投入了他们的头脑，也投入了他们的心灵”符合语境，故选A。 IV. Summary Writing （10分） 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in NO MORE THAN 60 WORDS. Use your own words as far as possible. Imperfection can be a gift We all want to do things well and for things to turn out right. However, growing up also involves accepting when things go wrong. In fact, messing up can lead to some of the most interesting and meaningful outcomes. Aiming for results, whether that’s getting good school grades, shining in sport or acing an art project, can help you focus on your goals. However, it’s just as important to focus on enjoying the process. Getting too hung up on things turning out exactly as you think they should can put a lot of pressure on you and lead to anxiety. That’s why it’s good to leave some room for errors and imperfections. Then if things don’t go as planned, it’s not a big deal and you may learn something new. Dr Vara is a psychologist who helps people take care of their mental health. She says getting things wrong is part of growing up. “We also have to experience the uncomfortable feeling when we get things wrong. This helps us to become stronger,” says Dr Vara. “Otherwise, we’ll be too scared to make mistakes. This fear can lead to us putting off doing difficult things or avoiding trying new things.” It’s important to realise that making mistakes is common, which shows that it is impossible to be perfect and failure is normal. Learning from your mistakes is an essential part of growing up. The most important thing is how you respond and what you choose to do next. Try not to take it too seriously, blame yourself or feel too disappointed or upset. Dr Vara explains, “Remember that you’re not a bad person for getting things wrong——you’re human. It might feel uncomfortable for a bit, then these feelings will pass and then you’ll bounce back.” Instead, think about what you might do differently next time. This has been proven to work. In one study, students who were reminded to forgive and be kind to themselves when they failed a test felt more motivated to try again. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Accepting failures is a natural part of growth. Focusing on enjoying the process rather than just the results can reduce pressure and anxiety. Dr. Vara explains that making mistakes is normal and essential for becoming stronger. The key is to learn from mistakes, not be too hard on oneself, and consider how to improve next time. 【导语】本文的体裁是明文。接受失败是成长的自然组成部分。专注于享受过程而不仅仅是结果可以减轻压力和焦虑。瓦拉博士解释说，犯错误是正常的，对变得更强壮至关重要。关键是要从错误中吸取教训，不要对自己太苛刻，并考虑下次如何改进。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①However, growing up also involves accepting when things go wrong. ②However, it’s just as important to focus on enjoying the process. Getting too hung up on things turning out exactly as you think they should can put a lot of pressure on you and lead to anxiety.   ③She says getting things wrong is part of growing up.  “We also have to experience the uncomfortable feeling when we get things wrong.  This helps us to become stronger,” says Dr Vara.   ④Learning from your mistakes is an essential part of growing up.  The most important thing is how you respond and what you choose to do next.  Try not to take it too seriously, blame yourself or feel too disappointed or upset. 2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将3、4两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句Focusing on enjoying the process rather than just the results can reduce pressure and anxiety. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Accepting failures is a natural part of growth. 运用了一个含有动名词的句子，对原文第一段进行了概括。其中动名词Accepting作主语，表达非常高级。 【高分句型2】Dr. Vara explains that making mistakes is normal and essential for becoming stronger.运用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第三段进行了概括。其中that引导的宾语从句、动名词making作主语、动名词becoming作宾语，表达非常高级。 V. Translation （15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．为了加快进度, 工人们埋头苦干。(bury) 【答案】 The workers buried themselves / were buried in hard work in order to speed up (the progress). In order to speed up (the progress), the workers buried themselves /were buried in hard work. 【详解】考查介词短语和动词短语。根据所给中文提示词，“为了加快进度”可用介词短语：in order to意为“为了”，“加快”可用动词短语：speed up，“进度”译为“the progress”，其中the progress可省略，译为“in order to speed up (the progress)”为介词短语作目的状语，既可以放句尾也可以放句首；“工人们埋头苦干”为主句，根据题干要求需用bury，所以“埋头苦干”可用动词短语：bury oneself in或者be buried in意为“埋头于”，结合“工人们”可知反身代词themselves；使用描述已发生的事，句子时态用一般过去时，译为“the workers buried themselves in hard work”或者“the workers were buried in hard work”。故译为：The workers buried themselves / were buried in hard work in order to speed up (the progress).或In order to speed up (the progress), the workers buried themselves /were buried in hard work. 53．令我们无比感动的是, 尽管道路险阻, 警察们最终成功营救了困在雪地的游客们。(despite) 【答案】What made us moved/touched a lot was that the police finally managed to rescue the tourists trapped in the snow despite the dangerous and difficult / rough road. 【详解】考查主语从句、表语从句和时态。本句在陈述过去的事实，为一般过去时。令我们无比感动的是翻译为主语从句What made us moved/touched a lot ，系动词为was后接表语从句，从句句意和句子完整，连接词为that。表语从句的主语为 the police，manage to do sth“设法做某事”，营救了困在雪地的游客们翻译为“rescue the tourists trapped in the snow despite the dangerous and difficult / rough road”，其中过去分词作后置定语。故翻译为：What made us moved/touched a lot was that the police finally managed to rescue the tourists trapped in the snow despite the dangerous and difficult / rough road. 54．要不是他拙劣的演讲风格，这位有前途的年轻人本可以赢得演讲比赛一等奖。(If) 【答案】If it hadn’t been for his poor delivery, the promising young man could have won first prize in the speech contest. 【详解】考查If引导的非真实条件句中的虚拟语气。根据句中的“要不是”和“本可以”以及句意，这里应用If引导非真实条件句，表示对过去发生的事情的虚拟，从句表示“要不是……”应用if it hadn’t been for...，主句应用could have done...形式。“拙劣的演讲风格”可表示为poor delivery；“有前途的”可表示为promising；“赢得一等奖”可表示为win first prize；“演讲比赛”可表示为the speech contest。故本句可翻译为：If it hadn’t been for his poor delivery, the promising young man could have won first prize in the speech contest. 55．她刚批准这个项目，就意识到这不过是一时心血来潮。 (Hardly) 【答案】Hardly had she approved the project when she realized that it was just a passing fancy. 【详解】考查固定句型和倒装句。表示“刚……就……”句型为hardly…when…，此处hardly位于句首，需用部分倒装，主句为过去完成时，助动词had提前；主语为she；表示“批准”应用动词approve，后跟名词project，作宾语；从句主语为she；表示“意识到”应用realize，后跟that引导宾语从句；表示“这不过是一时心血来潮”翻译为it was just a passing fancy，为一般过去时。故翻译为Hardly had she approved the project when she realized that it was just a passing fancy. VI. Guided Writing （25分） 56．Directions: Write an English composition in about 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是学校环保社社长李华。你校学生会正在评选“年度最佳社团”，请你向学生会写一封信介绍你的社团。内容包括： 1. 社团活动； 2. 推荐理由。 注意： 1. 词数不少于80，开头和结尾不计入总数。 2. 可适当加入细节使内容更加充实，行文连贯。 参考词汇：社团：club Dear Student Council, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Hua 【答案】Dear Student Council, I am writing to nominate our Environmental Protection Club for the “Best Club of the Year” award. Our club has organized a wide range of activities aimed at promoting environmental awareness and sustainable practices. We have hosted regular clean-up events in the school and surrounding areas, encouraging students to take an active role in keeping our environment clean. Additionally, we have conducted workshops on waste management and recycling, educating our peers on the importance of reducing, reusing, and recycling. I strongly recommend our Environmental Protection Club for the “Best Club of the Year” award for several reasons. Firstly, our club consistently demonstrates a high level of dedication and enthusiasm in promoting environmental awareness. Secondly, we have achieved tangible results, such as the increased recycling rate, which shows our effectiveness in implementing eco-friendly initiatives. Thank you for considering our nomination. Yours sincerely Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是学校环保社社长李华。你校学生会正在评选“年度最佳社团”，要求考生向学生会写一封信介绍自己的社团。 【详解】1.词汇积累 各种各样：a wide range of→various 举行：host→hold 此外：additionally→besides 持续：consistently→persistently 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Our club has organized a wide range of activities aimed at promoting environmental awareness and sustainable practices. 拓展句：Our club has organized a wide range of activities, which are aimed at promoting environmental awareness and sustainable practices. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Additionally, we have conducted workshops on waste management and recycling, educating our peers on the importance of reducing, reusing, and recycling. (运用了现在分词作状语和动名词作宾语) [高分句型2] Secondly, we have achieved tangible results, such as the increased recycling rate, which shows our effectiveness in implementing eco-friendly initiatives. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 试卷第20页，共24页 试卷第1页，共24页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末模拟卷（上海） II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Among various events organized by our company, the marathon impresses me most. The most unforgettable scene 1 (happen) in my first year of work, when I witnessed a silver-haired man in his 80s walk slowly toward the finishing line accompanied by two nurses. It was at that moment 2 I was deeply moved. I realized 3 marathon spirit stands for — perseverance, willpower, self-proving and self-breakthrough. I took part in the Nike Women’s Half Marathon in Washington DC this year. It was my first half marathon. The moment I passed over the bridge, runners from the opposite direction gave me high fives with an unspoken understanding, 4 (allow) me to forget fatigue and regain energy instantly. There were many times 5 I wanted to quit. But runners around me, as well as the spectators along the road, always encouraged me. In the last 500 meters, feeling sick in the stomach because of the cold wind, I slowed my pace and intended 6 (walk). A woman shouted at me: “Hey, you are almost there. Come on girl! You’re doing a great job.” I started to run again 7 powered by those words. And finally I made it. Running is flesh-and-blood and not just mechanical movements. Thus, I can’t help but 8 (become) more considerate about runners when organizing races. I wish to create a far 9 (favorable) running environment, offer better services and help 10 (they) achieve the results they expect — happily, conveniently and comfortably. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．comprehensive B．spread C． impact D．incredible E. observed F. compared G. success H. firmly I. combination J. heavily K. motivate A new report by the World Health Organization (WHO) reveals that around one in a hundred deaths worldwide is due to passive smoking, which kills an estimated 600,000 people a year. In the first study to assess the global 11 of second-hand smoke, WHO experts find that children are more 12 exposed to second-hand smoke than any other age-group, and around 165,000 of them a year die because of it. Children’s exposure to second-hand smoke is most likely to happen at home, and the double blow of infectious diseases and tobacco seems to be a deadly 13 for children in these regions. Commenting on the findings, Heather Wipfli and Jonathan Samet from the University of Southern California, said policymakers try to 14 families to stop smoking in the home. While deaths due to passive smoking in children were skewed (曲解) toward poor and middle-income countries, deaths in adults were 15 across countries at all income levels. In Europe’s high-income countries, only 71 child deaths occurred, while 35,388 deaths were in adults. Yet in the countries like Africa, an estimated 43,375 deaths due to passive smoking were in children 16 with 9,514 in adults. Only 7.4 percent of the world population currently lives in places with 17 smoke-free laws, and those laws are not always 18 enforced (施行). In places where smoke-free rules are 19 , research shows that exposure to second-hand smoke in high-risk places like bars and restaurants can be cut by 90 percent, and in general by 60 percent, the researchers said. Studies also show such laws help to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked by smokers and lead to higher 20 rates in those trying to quit. III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we’ve just watched or books we’ve just finished reading, but plain and simple 21 . Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we 22 do with it? We gossip. About others’ behaviour and private lives, such as who’s doing what with whom, who’s in and who’s out—and why; how to deal with difficult 23 situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues. So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural 24 , of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It’s not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really 25 issues. Dunbar 26 the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don’t spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar— 27 , he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip. Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the 28 of the higher primates(灵长类动物) like monkeys. By means of grooming—cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or 29 from outside it. As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar 30 that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the 31 it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to 32 the pressure and calm everybody down. But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be 33 to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more 34 kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one 35 contact. 21．A．gesture B．gossip C．description D．recognition 22．A．occasionally B．habitually C．discreetly D．originally 23．A．historical B．natural C．social D．cultural 24．A．wasters B．users C．masters D．owners 25．A．witty B．vivid C．vital D．worthless 26．A．supposes B．rejects C．highlights D．outlines 27．A．on the contrary B．for instance C．in addition D．as a result 28．A．comprehension B．appearance C．motivation D．behaviour 29．A．contact B．attack C．assistance D．trick 30．A．concludes B．recalls C．requires D．confesses 31．A．protection B．prospect C．responsibility D．promise 32．A．echo B．blame C．ease D．preserve 33．A．established B．extended C．earned D．consumed 34．A．efficient B．scientific C．considerate D．common 35．A．regular B．independent C．widespread D．physical Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Different people have different ambitions in life such as doctors. For as long as I can remember I always liked teaching people something. From my childhood, I taught whatever I learned in school. It started with helping some trying to tie their shoelaces or making my younger siblings remember alphabets through a sing-song rhythm. This profession will enable me to make my humble contribution to the building of my nation by instilling the spirit of nationalism and patriotism in my students. The sense of accomplishment I used to feel when the other person finally learned whatever it was that I had been teaching them was indescribable. The main reason I always wanted to teach was that firstly I thought teaching comes naturally to me and secondly, I always had the utmost respect for my teacher, who knew my strengths and weakness more than I did. According to Plato, education is the turning of the inner eye towards the light. By adopting the profession of teaching, I can hope to perform this stupendous task. I aspire to make a difference in others’ lives through education. I’m studying to be an elementary school teacher because I believe that children can achieve so much more if they learn early of their potential. My parents taught me as a child that schooling was vital to success in life. Truly, that lesson has been the most important in my path to college. I don’t think I would have made it this far had I not taken my education seriously. What started from teaching my siblings in their homework ended in me volunteering to teach underprivileged children and making me realize that in this world there could be never enough educators and there are people in this world who are always in need of learning. I want to teach others about the importance of education so they too can prosper. Everything I’m learning at university is important for my future career and, if I don’t study it, I'm failing my future students. In view of the foregoing reasons, I am convinced that my preference to become a teacher is a step in the right direction. I will, therefore, spare no effort to achieve this ambition of my life. 36．The author mentioned the childhood experience to_________. A．share the sense of accomplishment B．advocate nationalism and patriotism C．explain the inborn passion for teaching D．introduce several ways to help others 37．What does the word “stupendous” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Impossible. B．Impressive. C．Indescribable. D．Imaginary. 38．What inspires the author to become an elementary school teacher? A．The significance of education. B．The power of students’ potential. C．The life of the university. D．The successful career of parents. 39．What has the author learned from the voluntary work? A．Being a teacher is effortless. B．Poor children fail to be educators. C．Studying in university is not enough. D．Education should be accessible to all. B The following are a series of new parks that have opened around the world in the last two years. They are undoubtedly satisfying getaways for parents and children to squeeze in moments of fun. Katmandu Park, Punta Cana, Dominican Republic Opened in March 2023 on the east coast of the Dominican Republic, the park is full of mystery. According to legend, explorer Kilgore Goode was on an adventure through Nepal when he came across the “Desirata” jewel, protected by a fierce snowman. The key attractions include the 4D ride “Legend of Desirata” and “EtherQuest”, an interactive upside-down house. Tickets: $120 for adults; $85for children. Ghibli Park, Japan Located outside of Nagoya, Japan, Ghibli Park opened in late 2022．Within the 17.5forested ground of the Expo 2005, guests will find five areas that recreate several lively famous scenes of the famous animated movies “Spirited Away” and “My Neighbor Totoro”. Tickets: $15for adults; $7.5for children. Peppa Pig Theme Park, Florida The world’s first Peppa Pig Theme Park opened in 2022 in Winter Haven, Florida, and has been delighting children ever since. Committed to the classic British animated TV show, where little Peppa has everyday adventures with her friends and family, the 4.5-acre park welcomes children with well-designed, multi-sensory activities across six areas. Tickets: $34 for adults; $25for children. Genting SkyWorlds Theme Park, Malaysia Located within Resorts World Genting, about an hour’s drive from Malaysia’s capital Kuala Lumpur, Genting SkyWorlds Theme Park opened in January 2022．Across the 26-acre park, which cost $800 million and took nearly 10 years to create, visitors will find 26 attractions across nine areas inspired by movies and explorations. Tickets: $30 for adults; $25for children. 40．How much will the Smiths with their daughter pay to visit Ghibli Park? A．$22.5． B．$30． C．$37.5． D．$45． 41．What do we know about Genting SkyWorlds Theme Park? A．It has nine attractions in all. B．It is located in Malaysia’s capital. C．It has been opened for almost two years. D．It is the biggest movie-centered park worldwide. 42．What do the four parks have in common? A．They are all inspired by legends. B．They are all family-friendly parks. C．They all took a long time to create. D．They were all built in the same year. C Electronic waste, or e-waste, has reached levels that cannot be continued. More efforts are needed to take precious metals from abandoned laptops and smartphones. Research shows that over 57 million tons of e-waste was created worldwide in 2021 and people are frustrated about the lack of options to recycle their tech. Building a low-carbon economy will depend on battery technology for electric vehicles and energy storage. Taking the elements from used batteries will be an environmental necessity. Lithium-ion (锂离子) batteries also contain cobalt (钴) and copper (铜), but as mining for these metals creates poisonous pollution that can ruin the environment, so too can battery recycling if not done properly. It’s a problem that needs to be solved quickly. Another strong pressure in mining e-waste for recycled materials is that supplies could stop entirely. Up to 30 different elements are used in smartphones, and six of them are predicted to run out in the next century. “Developing a circular economy where minerals used in tech devices are saved and repurposed could help us to bypass supply chain issues in the future while also helping to reduce environmental impacts,” said RSC president Tom Welton. “It is essential that governments and businesses urgently do more to deal with the world’s growing e-waste crisis and ease the worry on supply chains.” The US generates more than six million tons of e-waste each year and recycles only15 per cent. So there is a huge need to increase and regulate recycling instead of shipping waste abroad, where it is taken apart or made into pieces, releasing poison that can expose workers, including children, to diseases like cancer. Vast quantities are simply burned or buried in landfill to pollute the air, soil and water. Electronic equipment is forecast to generate nearly 75 million metric tons of e-waste annually by 2030—almost double what was created in 2014. Less than 20per cent of global e-waste is currently recycled and that needs to change. 43．What’s the author’s attitude towards the future supplies of certain elements? A．Concerned. B．Satisfied. C．Objective. D．Uncertain. 44．What does Tom Welton suggest? A．Regulating local recycling. B．Boosting efforts to take metals. C．Increasing global e-waste recycling. D．Developing a circular economy for tech minerals. 45．Why does the author mention the US e-waste in the fifth paragraph? A．To show the focus on the problem from the government. B．To make a further prediction about worsening problems. C．To illustrate the seriousness of the problem. D．To find a solution to the problem. 46．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Mining’s environmental impact. B．Lack of recycling options for tech devices. C．Need for a circular economy in tech devices. D．Growing e-waste crisis and supply chain effects. Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.What Makes a Nobel Laureate? Are there any predictors that point to who will be selected as Nobel laureates? Is brilliance in childhood a predictor? When the 2006 chemistry laureate, Roger Kornberg, was asked what he wanted for Christmas, he said, “A week in the lab.” 47 . Mario Capecchi (medicine, 2007) was an abandoned child on the streets of wartime Italy. 48 . Five of Enrico Fermi’s (physics, 1938) postdoctoral students went on to win the Nobel Prize. Otto Warburg (medicine, 1931) advised an American doctoral student, “If you wish to become a scientist, you must ask a successful scientist to accept you in his laboratory.” Experts often recommend that people specialize in one field of work or research to maximize their chances of success. 49 If you look at the careers of Nobel Prize winners, you’ll find that they are unusually likely to be “creative polymaths.” That is, they purposely integrate formal and informal expertise from widely varied disciplines to yield new and useful ideas and practices. There remains one quality that is essential. It is what Leon Lederman (physics, 1988) called “compulsive dedication.” 50 . Take Marie Curie (physics, 1903; chemistry, 1911) and her husband Pierre (physics, 1903). The Curies were assigned a shed with a leaking roof and a dirt floor, where they worked for years, freezing in winter and sweltering in summer. “And yet,” Marie Curie wrote in her biography of her husband, “it was in this miserable old shed that the best and happiest years of our life were spent, entirely dedicated to work.” A．What distinguishes Nobel laureates is passion for their work, work that engages their hearts as well as their heads. B．But early privilege is not essential. C．The typical Nobel laureate in science is a male born into a middle-class family. D．In many Nobel laureates’ autobiographies, they pay tribute to an outstanding mentor. E．In fact, Nobel laureates are mostly down-to-earth and discreet. F．Yet recently published researches indicate that successful innovators take a broader path. IV. Summary Writing （10分） 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in NO MORE THAN 60 WORDS. Use your own words as far as possible. Imperfection can be a gift We all want to do things well and for things to turn out right. However, growing up also involves accepting when things go wrong. In fact, messing up can lead to some of the most interesting and meaningful outcomes. Aiming for results, whether that’s getting good school grades, shining in sport or acing an art project, can help you focus on your goals. However, it’s just as important to focus on enjoying the process. Getting too hung up on things turning out exactly as you think they should can put a lot of pressure on you and lead to anxiety. That’s why it’s good to leave some room for errors and imperfections. Then if things don’t go as planned, it’s not a big deal and you may learn something new. Dr Vara is a psychologist who helps people take care of their mental health. She says getting things wrong is part of growing up. “We also have to experience the uncomfortable feeling when we get things wrong. This helps us to become stronger,” says Dr Vara. “Otherwise, we’ll be too scared to make mistakes. This fear can lead to us putting off doing difficult things or avoiding trying new things.” It’s important to realise that making mistakes is common, which shows that it is impossible to be perfect and failure is normal. Learning from your mistakes is an essential part of growing up. The most important thing is how you respond and what you choose to do next. Try not to take it too seriously, blame yourself or feel too disappointed or upset. Dr Vara explains, “Remember that you’re not a bad person for getting things wrong——you’re human. It might feel uncomfortable for a bit, then these feelings will pass and then you’ll bounce back.” Instead, think about what you might do differently next time. This has been proven to work. In one study, students who were reminded to forgive and be kind to themselves when they failed a test felt more motivated to try again. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation （15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．为了加快进度, 工人们埋头苦干。(bury) 53．令我们无比感动的是, 尽管道路险阻, 警察们最终成功营救了困在雪地的游客们。(despite) 54．要不是他拙劣的演讲风格，这位有前途的年轻人本可以赢得演讲比赛一等奖。(If) 55．她刚批准这个项目，就意识到这不过是一时心血来潮。 (Hardly) VI. Guided Writing （25分） 56．Directions: Write an English composition in about 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是学校环保社社长李华。你校学生会正在评选“年度最佳社团”，请你向学生会写一封信介绍你的社团。内容包括： 1. 社团活动； 2. 推荐理由。 注意： 1. 词数不少于80，开头和结尾不计入总数。 2. 可适当加入细节使内容更加充实，行文连贯。 参考词汇：社团：club Dear Student Council, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Hua 试卷第20页，共24页 试卷第1页，共24页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$