专题04 非谓语动词-备战2025年中考英语真题题源解密（全国通用）

    专题04 非谓语动词 考情聚焦 课标要求 1.非谓语的不同形式组成以及功能和意义； 2. 宾语补足语的不同形式以及考察特点； 3.现在分词和不定式的区别； 4. 过去分词和被动语态的识别和理解； 5. it 作形式主语和形式宾语。 考点 1.不定式和动名词做宾语补足语的不同形式和搭配； 2.动名词作主语； 3.动名词放在句子开头和祈使句的区别； 4.不定式表示目的和将来； 5.现在分词表示主动和进行； 考向 考向一：非谓语动词分类； 非谓语动词定义 非谓语动词，指在句子中不能做谓语的动词。 英文句子的黄金法则: 一个句子中，只能有一个动词词充当谓语，如果句子中有其他动词出现，需要变换动词的形式(to do,doing,done)来充当非谓语。 非谓语动词分类 to do 动词不定式 doing动名词 doing现在分词 过去分词done 一.动词不定式 动词不定式(to do):无人称和数的变化，常表示具体，一次性或将来的动作。 功能 例句 主语 To be a lawyer is my dream.当医生是我的梦想。 宾语 I like to read English.我喜欢读英语 表语 My job is to feed the animals.我的工作是喂养动物 定语 We have a lot of work to do.我们有许多工作要做。 目的状语 I came here to visit my friend.我来这里看望我的朋友。 宾语补足语 She invited me to go swimming.她邀请我去游泳。 独立成分 To be honest,I'm disappointed,说实话，我很失望. 1.后跟不定式做宾语的动词: afford to do 支付得起 choose to do 选择做 expect to do 期望做 hope to do 希望做! plan to do 计划做 refuse to do 拒绝做 agree to do 同意做 decide to do 决定做 fail to do 未能做 manage to do 成功做成 prepare to do 准备做 want to do 想要做 request to do 请求做 dare to do 胆敢做 help to do 帮助做 offer to do 提供做 promise to do 承诺做 wish to do 希望做 2.后跟不定式做宾语补足语的动词 ask sb to do 要求某人做 help sb to do 帮助某人做 invite sb to do 邀请某人做 tell sb to do 告诉某人做 wish sb to do 希望某人做 beg sb to do 乞求某人做! warn sb to do 警告某人做 encourage sb to do 鼓励某人做 3.疑问词+不定式 不定式与疑问词 what, which,how,who,where,when 连用，在句中作主语，宾语，表语。 4.不带 to 的动词不定式 see sb do 看见某人做 hear sb do 听见某人做 watch sb do 观看某人做 make sb do 使某人做 letsb do 让某人做 would rather do ..than do..宁愿做..而不做 help do 帮助做 cannot but do 不得不做 why not do 为什么不做 had better do 最好做 have sb do 让某人做 注意: 如果两个或两个以上的动词不定式并列使用时，第一个不定式不省略to, 其余的都可以省略 to. She likes to dance and draw. 她喜欢跳舞和画画。 5.to do 不定式经典句型 (写作必备) enough to 太..而不能too..to 太..而不能， She is too young to go to school.= She is not old enough to go to school. 她太小了不能去上学。 It’s+ 形容词+ for sb +to do sth 对于某人来说，做某事是……. It's important for us to learn English.对于我们来说，学英语是非常重要的。 常见形容词有:easy, difficult,important,necessary,possible 等。 It's+ 形容词+ of sb+to do sth 某人做某事是..(形容词修饰人) It's nice of you to help me with my homework.你真好，帮助我完成家庭作业。 常见形容词有:kind,nice,good,polite,rude,patient,careful,careless 等 It+be+ 形容词+ to do sth 做某事……. It's hard to say which book is more useful. 很难说哪本书更有用, It+ be + 名词+ to do sth 做某事很……. It was great fun to have a picnic in the park.在公园里野餐很有趣 人+ be + happy/glad/sorry/excited to do sth 某人做某事很……. I am very happy to have my own house.我很高兴拥有我自己的房子。 人+ find/think/believe+it+ 形容词 +to do sth 发现/认为/相信做某事…… He thinks it necessary to read books,他认为读书很有必要。 二．动名词 动名词: 是动词 ing 形式的一种，具有动词和名词的性质。 功能 宾语Ilike traveling.我喜欢旅行。 表语My hobby is collecting stamps.我的爱好是集邮。 定语She is in the reading room,她在阅览室。 1.后面只能跟动名词的动词 avoid doing 避免做 mind doing 介意做 miss doing 想念，错过 enjoy doing 喜欢做 consider doing 考虑做 finish doing 完成 practice doing 练习做 suggest doing 建议做 keep doing 一直做，继续做 keep on doing 继续做，坚持做 2.动名词常见搭配短语 be used to doing 习惯于做 be busy (in)doing 忙于做 be good at doing 擅长做 be worth doing 值得做 can't help doing 忍不住做 Would you mind doing? 你介意做..? give up doing 放弃做 There be..doing 某处有...正在.. prefer doingA to doing B 宁愿做 A 不做 B sb spend time / money( in )doing sth某人花费时间或金钱做.. Thank sb for doing 为某事感谢某人can't stand doing sth 不能忍受做 feel like doing 想要做 It's no use doing.. 做某事没有用 stop sb from doing 阻止某人做have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有麻烦 keep sb from doing 阻止某人做 have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 prevent sb from doing 阻止某人做have problems (in) doing sth 做某事有难度 look forward to doing 期望做 succeed in doing 成功做……. 三. 现在分词和过去分词 现在分词(doing):表示主动或进行 过去分词(done):表示被动或完成 功能 例句 表语 The job is challenging.这份工作很有挑战性。 定语 The girl standing there is my sister.站在那边的那个女孩是我妹妹。 宾补 I saw the boy playing football. 我看到那个男孩正在踢足球。 状语 We lay on the grass,looking into the sky.他躺在草地上，看着天空。 考向二：非谓语和祈使句的区别（重点考向）： Doing exercise is beneficial for all of us. Do exercise and it will do good to all of us. 考向三：done 与 be done 的区别 1. The trees _grown__ by farmrs are very tall this year. 2. The trees are grown by farmers this year. 真题透视 1. （2024年甘肃白银中考真题）完成句子 为了避免犯错，我们需要仔细阅读每一个问题。 ________ ________ making mistakes, we should read each question carefully. 2. （2024年甘肃白银中考真题）Keeping others waiting is impolite. (改为同义句) _______ ________ impolite ________ keep others waiting. 3. （2024年甘肃白银中考真题） The Internet can be a useful tool, but don't let it _______ (take) up all of your time! 4. （2024年福建中考真题） Korea and Japan followed Xi'an's example in__63____( build) their ancient capitals. 5. (2024年福建中考真题） It is best ________ (know) as a center for software (软件) research, development and services. 6. (2024年甘肃平凉中考真题）任务型完形填空 She'sreally good at __53_____ the guitar. 7. (2024年甘肃平凉中考真题）任务型阅读理解 59. What's the function of Sentence ② in the paragraph? (用英语写出②句在文段中的作用。 __________________________________________________________. 8. (2024年广东深圳中考真题）语法填空题 My teacher noticed my strong arms and encouraged me____39____ (try) it. 9. (2024年广东中考真题）短文填空 She seldom exercised before because she didn't like sports much. But since her hometown hosted the Asian Games in 2023, her interest in sports has __43______ a lot. 10. (2024年广西中考真题）完形填空 Doing cleanups makes me really happy. I know I'm making a difference and____22___lives-not justanimal lives, but human lives as well, because it continues up the food chain (链条). A. studying B. saving C. creating 11. (2024年广西中考真题）选词填空 If your experiences are_____52____into the songs, your life will be more fun. 12. (2024年贵州中考真题）完成句子 Her husband asked da Vinci ____44____ (paint) a portrait (肖像) ofher 13. (2024年贵州中考真题） In 1962, the Mona Lisa was____52___ (take) to Washington and New York for artwork shows. 14. （2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）By reading the public signs, he had no difficulty in _______ the shopping mall. A．find B．found C．to find D．finding 15. （2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）The tea ________ in China ________ to many different countries and places each year. A．is made; sent B．made; sent C．made; is sent 16. （2024·黑龙江·中考真题）Two ________ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ________ it. A．hundreds, to buy B．hundreds, buy C．hundred, to buy 17. （2024·天津·中考真题）People may use different body language _________ the same feelings. A．show B．to show C．showed D．shows 18. （2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）My little brother suggested ________ for a walk. A．to go B．going C．goes 19. （2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）________ our students responsible and independent, military training (军训) has become tradition in China. A．Making B．To make C．Make 20. （2024河南中考真题）语法填空A young boy made a living by ___37____ fried dough sticks (油条) in the market. 21. （2024河南中考真题）语法填空 The boy cried because the money was ___40___ to pay for the medical treatment of his sick mother. 22. （2024黑龙江省龙东地区中考真题） The Olympic Games in Paris will be ________ (hold) on July 26th, 2024. 23. （2024黑龙江省龙东地区中考真题）回答问题 Why do Chinese people of all ages practice calligraphy often? _____________________________________________________ 中考新考法 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。 1. We had better not depend on our parents too much. A. rely on B. talk to C. insist on D. influence on 2. We should learn to be independent. A. talktive B. humorous C. open-minded D. depend on ourselves 3. In our life, nobody wants to lose. A. loss B. lost C. be a loser D. a loser 新题特训 1．—Our school will invite Mr. Wang ________ us a talk on urgent environmental protection next week. —That’s wonderful! A．give B．to give C．giving D．gave 2． We expect the rest of the world _______ China better after the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou. A．understanding B．to understand C．understood D．understand 3． Boys and girls, good luck and wish you ________ good grades in the new year for your future. A．get B．getting C．to get 4． We should avoid ________ a noise in public. A．make B．to make C．making 5．I have decided to go to Beijing and ________ one of my old friends there for the business. A．visiting B．visited C．visits D．visit 6． ________ down air pollution, we should walk or take the bus instead of driving in daily life. A．Cut B．To cut C．Cutting 7． We hope ________ a beautiful home by living a low-carbon life according to the new rule. A．build B．building C．to build 8．—Shall we go swimming together this afternoon? —I would rather ________ at home than ________ swimming. A．stay; going B．stay; go C．to stay; to go 9． I saw Lily ________happily when I passed her room. A．dance B．dancing C．to dance 10． Today, we must continue working together________ our skies blue, waters clean and lands clear. A．keep B．to keep C．keeping 11．—Are you going to read the book Journey to the West? —Yes. Our teacher expects us ________ such traditional Chinese books to improve our reading. A．read B．reading C．to read 12． It’s reported that China plans ________ astronauts to the moon before 2030 according to the schedule. A．send B．sending C．to send 13. When astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits ________ themselves safe and secure in space. A．keep B．kept C．keeping D．to keep 14． My English teacher suggested ________ English aloud during class so that we could get better. A．read B．to read C．reading D．reads 15．—Our teacher often advises us ________ the habit of making notes while reading in daily life. —It can be helpful for us to understand what we have read. A．to develop B．develop C．developing D．developed 16．It seems that we can’t avoid ________ mistakes in life, but it’s important for us to correct them in time and learn from them. A．make B．made C．making D．to make 17．—Do you have any difficulty in ________ English with foreigners? —Yes, but I try to make myself ________. A．speaking, understood B．to speak, understood C．speaking, understand D．to speak, to understand 18． On August 24th, 2023, Japan started pouring nuclear wastewater into the sea. It plans to keep __________ it slowly for at least 30 years, which caused people’s concerns around the world. A．pour B．pouring C．poured D．to pour 19． ________ students’ eyesight and make sure they focus on their studies, schools will have more rules to limit mobile phone use in weekdays. A．Protect B．To protect C．Protected D．Protecting 20．—I hear that Daniel failed the exam again. —Yes. He is always careless. He regretted ________ careful when taking the exam last time. A．to be B．being C．not to be D．not being 21. The first forest library in Shanghai makes it quite possible ________ reading in the natural environment for readers. A．enjoys B．enjoying C．enjoyed D．to enjoy 22．—It’s kind of you ________ your time for the community clean up event. —We are pleased to help. A．volunteer B．to volunteer C．volunteering D．volunteered 23． My parents are my best listeners. Whenever I feel like ________with them, they are ready to listen. A．talk B．to talk C．talking D．to talking 24． _________ more true friends, remember that love and communication between people is mutural. A．Made B．Making C．Make D．To make 25．—Did you forget ________ off the light of the room last night? —No, I remember ________ it off when I left school. A．turning; turning B．to turn; turning C．turning; to turn D．to turn; to turn 26．—What else should we pay attention to _________ building the house? —The changes of the weather, I think. A．to finish B．finished C．finish D．finishing 27．The Whites are considering ________ to England because they ________ the cold weather there. A．not moving; didn’t use to B．not moving; aren’t used to C．not to move, didn’t use to D．not to move; aren’t used to 28．—Mr. Li has suggested many popular books. Have you decided ________? —Yes. This Saturday. A．how to borrow them B．which to read first C．when to buy them D．where to find them 29． There is a new problem related to the popularity of private cars ________ road conditions need _______. A．that…to be improved B．which…to be improved C．where…improving D．when…improving 30．—I didn’t enjoy myself at the party last night. I just felt _________. —Well, maybe there were too many people at the party. A．left out B．to leave out C．leaving out D．be left out 31． I truly don’t know ______ and ______. A．what to do; how to do B．what to do it; how to do it C．what to do it; how to do D．what to do; how to do it 32． Tom has difficulty _________ Chinese as a beginner, so he often asks me _________ advice. A．to understand; with B．understanding; of C．to understand; for D．understanding; for 33．—More and more young people like to buy new Chinese-style clothes ________ these days. —Yes. New Chinese-style clothing is becoming very popular among the young. A．wear B．wearing C．wears D．to wear 34．—You don’t know what great difficulty I had ________ to get the two tickets for concert. —But the music is really worth ________ twice. A．managing; being listened to B．managing; listening to C．to manage; being listened to D．to manage; listening to 35．—Hey, how was your job interview with the company today? —It was good. I succeeded in ________ myself and I think I have a good chance of getting it. A．praising B．selling C．admiring D．helping 36． An artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT ________ by OpenAI is one of the fastest-growing consumer apps in history up to now. A．decided B．divided C．developed D．discovered 37．—Wow, Julie, it’s so cool to take some photos with your mobile phone. —Just with a software called MTxiuxiu. Let me show you ________ in daily life. A．what to use B．how to use it C．which to use D．where to use it 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$     专题04 非谓语动词 考情聚焦 课标要求 1.非谓语的不同形式组成以及功能和意义； 2. 宾语补足语的不同形式以及考察特点； 3.现在分词和不定式的区别； 4. 过去分词和被动语态的识别和理解； 5. it 作形式主语和形式宾语。 考点 1.不定式和动名词做宾语补足语的不同形式和搭配； 2.动名词作主语； 3.动名词放在句子开头和祈使句的区别； 4.不定式表示目的和将来； 5.现在分词表示主动和进行； 考向 考向一：非谓语动词分类； 非谓语动词定义 非谓语动词，指在句子中不能做谓语的动词。 英文句子的黄金法则: 一个句子中，只能有一个动词词充当谓语，如果句子中有其他动词出现，需要变换动词的形式(to do,doing,done)来充当非谓语。 非谓语动词分类 to do 动词不定式 doing动名词 doing现在分词 过去分词done 一.动词不定式 动词不定式(to do):无人称和数的变化，常表示具体，一次性或将来的动作。 功能 例句 主语 To be a lawyer is my dream.当医生是我的梦想。 宾语 I like to read English.我喜欢读英语 表语 My job is to feed the animals.我的工作是喂养动物 定语 We have a lot of work to do.我们有许多工作要做。 目的状语 I came here to visit my friend.我来这里看望我的朋友。 宾语补足语 She invited me to go swimming.她邀请我去游泳。 独立成分 To be honest,I'm disappointed,说实话，我很失望. 1.后跟不定式做宾语的动词: afford to do 支付得起 choose to do 选择做 expect to do 期望做 hope to do 希望做! plan to do 计划做 refuse to do 拒绝做 agree to do 同意做 decide to do 决定做 fail to do 未能做 manage to do 成功做成 prepare to do 准备做 want to do 想要做 request to do 请求做 dare to do 胆敢做 help to do 帮助做 offer to do 提供做 promise to do 承诺做 wish to do 希望做 2.后跟不定式做宾语补足语的动词 ask sb to do 要求某人做 help sb to do 帮助某人做 invite sb to do 邀请某人做 tell sb to do 告诉某人做 wish sb to do 希望某人做 beg sb to do 乞求某人做! warn sb to do 警告某人做 encourage sb to do 鼓励某人做 3.疑问词+不定式 不定式与疑问词 what, which,how,who,where,when 连用，在句中作主语，宾语，表语。 4.不带 to 的动词不定式 see sb do 看见某人做 hear sb do 听见某人做 watch sb do 观看某人做 make sb do 使某人做 letsb do 让某人做 would rather do ..than do..宁愿做..而不做 help do 帮助做 cannot but do 不得不做 why not do 为什么不做 had better do 最好做 have sb do 让某人做 注意: 如果两个或两个以上的动词不定式并列使用时，第一个不定式不省略to, 其余的都可以省略 to. She likes to dance and draw. 她喜欢跳舞和画画。 5.to do 不定式经典句型 (写作必备) enough to 太..而不能too..to 太..而不能， She is too young to go to school.= She is not old enough to go to school. 她太小了不能去上学。 It’s+ 形容词+ for sb +to do sth 对于某人来说，做某事是……. It's important for us to learn English.对于我们来说，学英语是非常重要的。 常见形容词有:easy, difficult,important,necessary,possible 等。 It's+ 形容词+ of sb+to do sth 某人做某事是..(形容词修饰人) It's nice of you to help me with my homework.你真好，帮助我完成家庭作业。 常见形容词有:kind,nice,good,polite,rude,patient,careful,careless 等 It+be+ 形容词+ to do sth 做某事……. It's hard to say which book is more useful. 很难说哪本书更有用, It+ be + 名词+ to do sth 做某事很……. It was great fun to have a picnic in the park.在公园里野餐很有趣 人+ be + happy/glad/sorry/excited to do sth 某人做某事很……. I am very happy to have my own house.我很高兴拥有我自己的房子。 人+ find/think/believe+it+ 形容词 +to do sth 发现/认为/相信做某事…… He thinks it necessary to read books,他认为读书很有必要。 二．动名词 动名词: 是动词 ing 形式的一种，具有动词和名词的性质。 功能 宾语Ilike traveling.我喜欢旅行。 表语My hobby is collecting stamps.我的爱好是集邮。 定语She is in the reading room,她在阅览室。 1.后面只能跟动名词的动词 avoid doing 避免做 mind doing 介意做 miss doing 想念，错过 enjoy doing 喜欢做 consider doing 考虑做 finish doing 完成 practice doing 练习做 suggest doing 建议做 keep doing 一直做，继续做 keep on doing 继续做，坚持做 2.动名词常见搭配短语 be used to doing 习惯于做 be busy (in)doing 忙于做 be good at doing 擅长做 be worth doing 值得做 can't help doing 忍不住做 Would you mind doing? 你介意做..? give up doing 放弃做 There be..doing 某处有...正在.. prefer doingA to doing B 宁愿做 A 不做 B sb spend time / money( in )doing sth某人花费时间或金钱做.. Thank sb for doing 为某事感谢某人can't stand doing sth 不能忍受做 feel like doing 想要做 It's no use doing.. 做某事没有用 stop sb from doing 阻止某人做have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有麻烦 keep sb from doing 阻止某人做 have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 prevent sb from doing 阻止某人做have problems (in) doing sth 做某事有难度 look forward to doing 期望做 succeed in doing 成功做……. 三. 现在分词和过去分词 现在分词(doing):表示主动或进行 过去分词(done):表示被动或完成 功能 例句 表语 The job is challenging.这份工作很有挑战性。 定语 The girl standing there is my sister.站在那边的那个女孩是我妹妹。 宾补 I saw the boy playing football. 我看到那个男孩正在踢足球。 状语 We lay on the grass,looking into the sky.他躺在草地上，看着天空。 考向二：非谓语和祈使句的区别（重点考向）： Doing exercise is beneficial for all of us. Do exercise and it will do good to all of us. 考向三：done 与 be done 的区别 1. The trees _grown__ by farmrs are very tall this year. 2. The trees are grown by farmers this year. 真题透视 1. （2024年甘肃白银中考真题）完成句子 为了避免犯错，我们需要仔细阅读每一个问题。 ________ ________ making mistakes, we should read each question carefully. 【答案】①.To ②.avoid 【解析】 【详解】avoid“避免”，此处在句中表示目的，用动词不定式形式，故填写To; avoid 2. （2024年甘肃白银中考真题）Keeping others waiting is impolite. (改为同义句) _______ ________ impolite ________ keep others waiting. 【答案】①.It's ②.to 【解析】 【详解】句意:让别人等是不礼貌的。本句可用“Its+adj+to do sth”句型替换，故填写It's; to。 3. （2024年甘肃白银中考真题） The Internet can be a useful tool, but don't let it _______ (take) up all of your time! 【答案】 take 【解析】 【详解】句意:互联网可以是一个有用的工具，但不要让它占用你所有的时间。Let sb do sth“让……做某 事”，此处用省略 to 的不定式，故填写take。 4. （2024年福建中考真题） Korea and Japan followed Xi'an's example in__63____( build) their ancient capitals. 【答案】building 【解析】 【详解】句意:朝鲜和韩国在建造他们古代的首都方面仿效西安的例子。 此题考察介词后加doing形式，故答案为building. 5. (2024年福建中考真题） It is best ________ (know) as a center for software (软件) research, development and services. 【答案】known 【解析】 【详解】句意:它以软件研究、开发和服务中心而闻名。形容词短语 be known as表示“被称为”。故填写 known。 6. (2024年甘肃平凉中考真题）任务型完形填空 She'sreally good at __53_____ the guitar. 【答案】playing 【解析】 【详解】句意:她真的擅长弹吉他。介词at后加doing形式。故填playing. 7. (2024年甘肃平凉中考真题）任务型阅读理解 59. What's the function of Sentence ② in the paragraph? (用英语写出②句在文段中的作用。 __________________________________________________________. 【答案】 59. To prove the author's point. 【解析】 【详解】句意: 根据“'If I need bread, milk, and a birthday card for my brother, I imagine a piece of bread, a box o'cow on the front, and a birthday card with a football on it.”可知，作者在举例证明自己的观点。故答案为the author's point. 8. (2024年广东深圳中考真题）语法填空题 My teacher noticed my strong arms and encouraged me____39____ (try) it. 【答案】 39.to try 【解析】 【详解】句意:我的老师注意到我结实的双臂，鼓励我去尝试它。Encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”。故填写 to try 9. (2024年广东中考真题）短文填空 She seldom exercised before because she didn't like sports much. But since her hometown hosted the Asian Games in 2023, her interest in sports has __43______ a lot. 【答案】 43. grown 【解析】 【详解】 句意:但自从她的家乡在 2023年举办亚运会以来，她对体育的兴趣增长了很多。根据“But since her hometown hosted the Asian Games in 2023, her interest in sports has..a lot.”和备选词可知，她对体育的兴趣增长了很多，grow“增加”符合语境，此处是现在完成时，动词用过去分词形式，故填写 grown。 10. (2024年广西中考真题）完形填空 Doing cleanups makes me really happy. I know I'm making a difference and____22___lives-not justanimal lives, but human lives as well, because it continues up the food chain (链条). A. studying B. saving C. creating 【答案】 22. saving 【解析】 【详解】句意:我知道我正在做出改变，拯救生命--不仅仅是动物的生命，还有人类的生命，因为它会持续到食物链的上游。 studying 学习;saving 拯救;creating 创造。根据“and..lives-not just animal lives, but human lives as well”可知，是在拯救生命，故选 B。 11. (2024年广西中考真题）选词填空 If your experiences are_____52____into the songs, your life will be more fun. 【答案】 52. written 【解析】 【详解】句意:如果你的经历被写进了歌里，你的生活会更有趣。根据“If your experiences are..into the songs,your life wil be more fun,”可知，如果经历被写进了歌里，你的生活会更有趣，write“写”，此处是一般现在时的被动语态，动词用过去分词形式。故填写written。 12. (2024年贵州中考真题）完成句子 Her husband asked da Vinci ____44____ (paint) a portrait (肖像) ofher 【答案】 44. to paint 【解析】 【详解】句意::她的丈夫请达·芬奇为她画一幅肖像。ask sb to do sth“请求某人做某事”，故填写 to paint。 13. (2024年贵州中考真题） In 1962, the Mona Lisa was____52___ (take) to Washington and New York for artwork shows. 【答案】 52.taken 【解析】 【详解】句意： 句意:1962年,《蒙娜丽莎》被带到华盛顿和纽约参加艺术展。根据“In 1962,the Mona Lisa was..toWashington and New York for artwork shows.”可知,《蒙娜丽莎》被带到华盛顿和纽约参加艺术展，此处与was 构成被动语态，用动词过去分词taken，故填taken。 14. （2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）By reading the public signs, he had no difficulty in _______ the shopping mall. A．find B．found C．to find D．finding 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：通过阅读公共标志，他毫不费力地找到了购物中心。 考查动名词作宾语。have difficulty in doing sth“做某事有困难”。故选D。 15. （2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）The tea ________ in China ________ to many different countries and places each year. A．is made; sent B．made; sent C．made; is sent 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：中国产的茶叶每年运往许多不同的国家和地方。 考查被动语态和过去分词用法。tea与send之间是动宾关系，用被动语态，is sent。此处用make的过去分词made作后置定语，修饰tea。故选C。 16. （2024·黑龙江·中考真题）Two ________ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ________ it. A．hundreds, to buy B．hundreds, buy C．hundred, to buy 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：两百美元足够买自行车了，但是我买不起。 考查数词用法和不定式用法。hundred前面有具体数字时，用单数；动词短语afford to do sth表示“负担得起做某事”。故选C。 17. （2024·天津·中考真题）People may use different body language _________ the same feelings. A．show B．to show C．showed D．shows 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：人们可能会用不同的肢体语言来表达同样的感受。 考查非谓语动词。use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”，使用动词不定式，故选B。 18. （2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）My little brother suggested ________ for a walk. A．to go B．going C．goes 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我的小弟弟建议去散步。 考查非谓语动词。suggest doing sth“建议做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动名词，故选B。 19. （2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）________ our students responsible and independent, military training (军训) has become tradition in China. A．Making B．To make C．Make 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：为了培养学生的责任感和独立性，军训已成为中国的传统。 考查非谓语动词。根据题干可知，军训是为了培养学生的责任感和独立性，应用动词不定式表目的，故选B。 20. （2024河南中考真题）语法填空A young boy made a living by ___37____ fried dough sticks (油条) in the market. 【答案】37. Selling 【解析】 【详解】句意：一个小男孩靠在市场上卖油条谋生。根据“A young boy made a living by..fried dough sticks(油条)in the market.”和备选词可知，小男孩在市场上卖油条谋生，sell“卖”，介词后用动名词作宾语。故填 selling. 21. （2024河南中考真题）语法填空 The boy cried because the money was ___40___ to pay for the medical treatment of his sick mother. 【答案】40.needed 【解析】 【详解】句意：男孩哭了，因为需要钱来支付他生病的母亲的医疗费。根据“The boy cried because the money pay for the medical treatment of his sick mother.”和备选词可知，钱需要被用来支付他生病的母亲的医need“需要”，此处与 was 构成被动语态。故填写 needed。 22. （2024黑龙江省龙东地区中考真题） The Olympic Games in Paris will be ________ (hold) on July 26th, 2024. 【答案】held 【解析】 【详解】句意:巴黎奥运会将在2024年7月26日举办。主语与hold之间是动宾关系，因此用被动语态 hold 的过去分词为 held。故填写 held。 23. （2024黑龙江省龙东地区中考真题）回答问题 Why do Chinese people of all ages practice calligraphy often? _____________________________________________________. 【答案】To enjoy the peaceful mind. 【解析】 【详解】 根据“Chinese people of all ages practice calligraphy often, not to be a calligrapher, but to enjoy the peaceful mind.”可知，各个年龄段的中国人经常练习书法是为了享受宁静的心境。故填写 To enjoy the peaceful mind. 中考新考法 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。 1. We had better not depend on our parents too much. A. rely on B. talk to C. insist on D. influence on 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们最好不要太过依赖我们的父母。故选A。 2. We should learn to be independent. A. talktive B. humorous C. open-minded D. depend on ourselves 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们应该学会独立。根据动词原形depend可知independent是独立的意思。故选D。 3. In our life, nobody wants to lose. A. loss B. lost C. be a loser D. a loser 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意: 在我们的生活中，没有人想成为失败者。根据句意和want的用法可知，选C。 新题特训 1．—Our school will invite Mr. Wang ________ us a talk on urgent environmental protection next week. —That’s wonderful! A．give B．to give C．giving D．gave 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——下周我们学校将邀请王先生给我们做一个关于迫切的环境保护的演讲。——那是精彩的！ 考查非谓语动词。invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”。故选B。 2． We expect the rest of the world _______ China better after the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou. A．understanding B．to understand C．understood D．understand 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们期待第19届杭州亚运会后，世界其他国家更好地了解中国。 考查非谓语动词。expect sb to do sth“期待某人做某事”，此空应填不定式，故选B。 3． Boys and girls, good luck and wish you ________ good grades in the new year for your future. A．get B．getting C．to get 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：同学们，祝你们好运，并祝你们在新的一年里为自己的未来取得好成绩。 考查非谓语动词。wish sb. to do sth.“希望某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。 4． We should avoid ________ a noise in public. A．make B．to make C．making 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们应该避免在公共场所制造噪音。 考查动名词作宾语。根据“avoid”可知此处应用动词短语avoid doing sth表示“避免做某事”，因此应用动名词making作宾语。故选C。 5．I have decided to go to Beijing and ________ one of my old friends there for the business. A．visiting B．visited C．visits D．visit 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我决定去北京看望我在那里的一位老朋友谈生意。 考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，空格处应为动词原形，省略了动词不定式符号to，故选D。 6． ________ down air pollution, we should walk or take the bus instead of driving in daily life. A．Cut B．To cut C．Cutting 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：为了减少空气污染，我们日常生活中应该步行或乘公共汽车而不是开车。 考查动词形式。根据“we should walk or take the bus instead of driving.”可知，减少空气污染是目的，用动词不定式表目的。故选B。 7． We hope ________ a beautiful home by living a low-carbon life according to the new rule. A．build B．building C．to build 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们希望通过新的规则，构建低碳生活来建设一个美丽的家园。 考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth“希望做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，故选C。 8．—Shall we go swimming together this afternoon? —I would rather ________ at home than ________ swimming. A．stay; going B．stay; go C．to stay; to go 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——今天下午我们一起去游泳好吗？——我宁愿待在家里也不愿意去游泳。 考查非谓语。would rather do sth than do sth“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，即两空都用动词原形。故选B。 9． I saw Lily ________happily when I passed her room. A．dance B．dancing C．to dance 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：当我经过她的房间时，我看到莉莉在愉悦地跳舞。 考查非谓语动词。see sb. do sth.“看见某人做了某事”；see sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”。根据“when I passed her room.”可知，此处是指看到莉莉正在跳舞。故选B。 10． Today, we must continue working together________ our skies blue, waters clean and lands clear. A．keep B．to keep C．keeping 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：今天，我们必须继续打好蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战。 考查非谓语动词。根据“our skies blue, waters clean and lands clear”可知蓝天、碧水、净土是继续工作的目的，空格处应用动词不定式表目的。故选B。 11．—Are you going to read the book Journey to the West? —Yes. Our teacher expects us ________ such traditional Chinese books to improve our reading. A．read B．reading C．to read 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你打算读《西游记》吗？——是的。我们老师希望我们读这样的中国传统书籍来提升阅读。 考查非谓语动词。expect sb to do sth“期待某人做某事”，所以此处使用动词不定式，故选C。 12． It’s reported that China plans ________ astronauts to the moon before 2030 according to the schedule. A．send B．sending C．to send 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：据报道，根据时间表，中国计划在2030年前将宇航员送上月球。 考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth“计划做某事”，为固定短语，故选C。 13. When astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits ________ themselves safe and secure in space. A．keep B．kept C．keeping D．to keep 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意: 当宇航员进行太空行走时，他们会穿着宇航服来保护自己的安全。 考查非谓语动词。结合句意可知用动词不定式作状语，表示目的。故选D。 14． My English teacher suggested ________ English aloud during class so that we could get better. A．read B．to read C．reading D．reads 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意: 我的英语老师建议我们上课期间大声朗读英语，这样我就能变得更好。 考查非谓语动词。suggest doing sth. “建议做某事”，固定词组。故选C。 15．—Our teacher often advises us ________ the habit of making notes while reading in daily life. —It can be helpful for us to understand what we have read. A．to develop B．develop C．developing D．developed 【答案】A 【解析】——我们的老师经常建议我们日常生活中养成读书时做笔记的习惯。——这对我们理解所读的内容会很有帮助。 考查动词不定式。根据“Our teacher often advises us...the habit”可知，此处应是advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”，空处是不定式to develop。故选A。 16．It seems that we can’t avoid ________ mistakes in life, but it’s important for us to correct them in time and learn from them. A．make B．made C．making D．to make 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意: 似乎我们无法避免在生活中犯错误，但对我们来说及时纠正并从中吸取教训是很重要的。 考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选C。 17．—Do you have any difficulty in ________ English with foreigners? —Yes, but I try to make myself ________. A．speaking, understood B．to speak, understood C．speaking, understand D．to speak, to understand 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意: ——你和老外说英语有困难吗？——是的，但我试着让别人理解我。 考查非谓语动词。根据第一个空前的介词“in”可知，此处用动名词形式，作宾语；根据第二个空前的使役动词“make”可知，空处作宾补，宾语与空处为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式。故选A。 18． On August 24th, 2023, Japan started pouring nuclear wastewater into the sea. It plans to keep __________ it slowly for at least 30 years, which caused people’s concerns around the world. A．pour B．pouring C．poured D．to pour 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意: 2023年8月24日，日本开始向海中倾倒核废水。它计划在至少30年的时间里保持缓慢的浇灌，这引起了全世界人民的担忧。 考查非谓语动词。keep doing sth.“一直做某事”。故选B。 19． ________ students’ eyesight and make sure they focus on their studies, schools will have more rules to limit mobile phone use in weekdays. A．Protect B．To protect C．Protected D．Protecting 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意: 为了保护学生的视力，确保他们集中精力学习，学校将出台更多周中时间限制使用手机的规定。 考查非谓语动词。根据“schools will have more rules to limit mobile phone use in weekdays. ”可知，出台手机限制规定是为了保护视力和确保学生的学习，用动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。 20．—I hear that Daniel failed the exam again. —Yes. He is always careless. He regretted ________ careful when taking the exam last time. A．to be B．being C．not to be D．not being 【答案】 D 【解析】 【详解】句意:——我听说Daniel这次考试又不及格。——是的，他总是很粗心，他后悔上次考试的时候没有认真一点。 考查非谓语动词。regret to do“遗憾做某事”；regret doing sth.“后悔做过某事”；根据“He is always careless.”可知，事情已经发生，他后悔没有认真一点。故选D。 21. The first forest library in Shanghai makes it quite possible ________ reading in the natural environment for readers. A．enjoys B．enjoying C．enjoyed D．to enjoy 【答案】 D 【解析】 【详解】句意: 上海第一个森林图书馆使读者可以在自然环境中享受阅读。 考查非谓语。此处是句型“make it+adj+to do sth”的结构，表示“使做某事……”，空处用不定式形式作真正的宾语，故选D。 22．—It’s kind of you ________ your time for the community clean up event. —We are pleased to help. A．volunteer B．to volunteer C．volunteering D．volunteered 【答案】 B 【解析】 【详解】句意: ——你们能自愿为社区清理活动贡献时间真是太好了。——我们很乐意帮忙。 考查不定式作主语。根据“It’s kind of you … your time for the community clean up event.”可知 ，此处为it固定句式，构成为It be +adj.+of/for sb. to do sth. “对于某人来说做某事是……” ，It为形式主语，真正的主语为to do不定式。故选B。 23． My parents are my best listeners. Whenever I feel like ________with them, they are ready to listen. A．talk B．to talk C．talking D．to talking 【答案】 C 【解析】 【详解】句意: 我的父母是我最好的倾听者。每当我想和他们说话的时候，他们都愿意听。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Whenever I feel like…they are ready to listen”可知，feel like doing sth.意为“想要做……”。故选C。 24． _________ more true friends, remember that love and communication between people is mutural. A．Made B．Making C．Make D．To make 【答案】 D 【解析】 【详解】句意: 要想交到更多真正的朋友，请记住人与人之间的爱和交流是相互的。 考查非谓语动词。分析题干可知，为了交到更多真正的朋友，需要记住人与人之间的爱和交流是双向的，应用动词不定式表目的，故选D。 25．—Did you forget ________ off the light of the room last night? —No, I remember ________ it off when I left school. A．turning; turning B．to turn; turning C．turning; to turn D．to turn; to turn 【答案】 B 【解析】 【详解】句意: ——你昨晚忘记关房间灯了吗？——没有，我记得离开学校的时候把它关了。 考查非谓语动词。分析题干可知，问句应使用短语forget to do sth.“忘记做某事”，所以第一空选to turn；答语表示“记得关了灯”，应使用短语remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”，所以第二空应选turning。故选B。 26．—What else should we pay attention to _________ building the house? —The changes of the weather, I think. A．to finish B．finished C．finish D．finishing 【答案】 A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——在完成这座房子的建造时，我们还应该注意什么？——我想是天气的变化。 考查非谓语动词。特殊疑问句中“what else”作pay attention to的宾语；后面接to do不定式作目的状语，表示为了结束修建这座房子，我们还需要注意什么。故选A。 27．The Whites are considering ________ to England because they ________ the cold weather there. A．not moving; didn’t use to B．not moving; aren’t used to C．not to move, didn’t use to D．not to move; aren’t used to 【答案】 B 【解析】 【详解】句意：The Whites一家正在考虑不去英国，因为他们不习惯那里的寒冷天气。 考查非谓语动词及动词短语。used to do sth.意为“过去常做某事”，其否定形式为didn’t use to do sth.；be used to sth.“习惯于某事”，其否定形式在be动词后加not。句中第一空，根据空前considering可知，此处考查consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”，所以此处应用动名词moving作宾语，排除C和D；第二空，根据空后“the cold weather”可知，此处是指不习惯寒冷的天气，用be used to，排除A。故选B。 28．—Mr. Li has suggested many popular books. Have you decided ________? —Yes. This Saturday. A．how to borrow them B．which to read first C．when to buy them D．where to find them 【答案】 C 【解析】 【详解】句意： ——高先生推荐了许多受欢迎的书。你决定什么时候去买了吗？——是的。这个星期六。 考查疑问词辨析。how如何；which哪一个；when什么时候；where在哪里。根据“This Saturday.”可知，空处是问什么时候买书。故选C。 29． There is a new problem related to the popularity of private cars ________ road conditions need _______. A．that…to be improved B．which…to be improved C．where…improving D．when…improving 【答案】 A 【解析】 【详解】句意：私家车的普及带来了一个新问题，那就是路况需要改善。 考查同位语从句以及动词不定式的被动式。根据“There is a new problem...road conditions need...”可知新问题是路况需要改善，故此处是同位语从句，从句不缺成分，用that引导同位语从句；主语road conditions和improve之间是被动关系，故此处用结构need to be done。故选A。 30．—I didn’t enjoy myself at the party last night. I just felt _________. —Well, maybe there were too many people at the party. A．left out B．to leave out C．leaving out D．be left out 【答案】 A 【解析】 【详解】句意： ——我昨天晚上在聚会上玩得不开心。我只是觉得被冷落了。——嗯，也许派对上的人太多了。 考查过去分词作表语。leave out“遗漏，省去”；根据“I didn’t enjoy myself at the party.”可知，说话人在聚会上感觉不开心，觉得自己被忽略了；主语“I”与“leave out”为被动关系，feel为感官动词，后可接过去分词作表语。故选A。 31． I truly don’t know ______ and ______. A．what to do; how to do B．what to do it; how to do it C．what to do it; how to do D．what to do; how to do it 【答案】 D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我真的不知道该做什么，怎么做。 考查疑问词加动词不定式。what to do做什么，what是代词，作do的宾语，不需要it；how to do怎么做，how是副词，需要it作do的宾语。故选D。 32． Tom has difficulty _________ Chinese as a beginner, so he often asks me _________ advice. A．to understand; with B．understanding; of C．to understand; for D．understanding; for 【答案】 D 【解析】 【详解】句意：汤姆作为初学者理解中文有困难，所以他经常向我征求建议。 考查非谓语动词和介词辨析。with和；of……的；for为了。have difficulty doing sth.“做某事有困难”；ask sb. for sth.“向某人要求什么”。故选D。 33．—More and more young people like to buy new Chinese-style clothes ________ these days. —Yes. New Chinese-style clothing is becoming very popular among the young. A．wear B．wearing C．wears D．to wear 【答案】 D 【解析】 【详解】句意:——现在越来越多的年轻人喜欢买新中式服装穿。——是的。新中式服装在年轻人中正变得非常流行。 考查非谓语动词。分析题干可知，此处是动词不定式作后置定语修饰clothes，故选D。 34．—You don’t know what great difficulty I had ________ to get the two tickets for concert. —But the music is really worth ________ twice. A．managing; being listened to B．managing; listening to C．to manage; being listened to D．to manage; listening to 【答案】 B 【解析】 【详解】句意:————你不知道我费了多大的劲才弄到两张演唱会的票。——但这音乐真的值得听两遍。 考查非谓语动词。根据“You don’t know what great difficulty I had…to get the two tickets for concert”可知，have difficulty in doing sth.意为“做某事很困难”；be worth doing sth.意为“值得做某事”，固定词组。故选B。 35．—Hey, how was your job interview with the company today? —It was good. I succeeded in ________ myself and I think I have a good chance of getting it. A．praising B．selling C．admiring D．helping 【答案】 B 【解析】 【详解】句意:——嘿，你今天的和公司的面试怎么样？——很好，我成功地推销了自己，我认为我有很大的机会得到这份工作。 考查动词辨析。praising赞扬；selling推销；admiring欣赏；helping帮助。此处是一个常用动词短语succeed in doing sth“成功做某事”，在面试中，我们应是需要推销自己。故选B。 36． An artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT ________ by OpenAI is one of the fastest-growing consumer apps in history up to now. A．decided B．divided C．developed D．discovered 【答案】 C 【解析】 【详解】句意:——OpenAI 研发的人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT 是截止到目前历史上增长最快的消费者应用程序之一。 考查后置定语用法。decided被决定；divided被分成；developed被研发；discovered被发现。根据“An artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT...by OpenAI is ”可知，空处缺定语，再根据“one of the fastest-growing consumer apps”可知，空处指 “研发”的应用程序，需developed，过去分词作后置定语，修饰主语An artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT。故选C。 37．—Wow, Julie, it’s so cool to take some photos with your mobile phone. —Just with a software called MTxiuxiu. Let me show you ________ in daily life. A．what to use B．how to use it C．which to use D．where to use it 【答案】 B 【解析】 【详解】句意:——哇，朱莉，用你的手机拍照真是太酷了。——只需要一个叫MTxiuxiu的软件。让我来教你日常怎么用。 考查疑问词+动词不定式结构。what to use使用什么；how to use it如何使用它；which to use使用哪一个 where to use it在哪里使用它。根据“Just with a software called MTxiuxiu.”可知，此处表示“让我教你日常如何 使用它。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$