精品解析：福建省福州外国语学校2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语卷

2024-2025学年第一学期高三期中考 英语试题 （全卷共12页，五部分；满分：150分；时间：120分钟） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. When will the meeting start? A. At 9:10. B. At 9:20. C. At 9:25. 2. Why does the man make the call? A. To learn about a policy. B. To cancel an appointment. C. To ask about a medical bill. 8. What are the speakers talking about? A. A web page. B. A computer problem. C. A downloaded file. 4. Where does the conversation take place? A. At an airport. B. In a delivery company.. C. At a hotel. 5. What do the speakers think of Joel? A. He is organized B. He is unreliable. C. He is silent. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How does the man respond to the woman’s request? A. Confusedly B. Impolitely. C. Patiently. 7. What will the man do next? A. Pay for the parking. B. Come back home. C. Deliver a package. 听第7段材料，回答第 8、9题。 8. What field do the speakers work in? A. Publishing. B. Education. C. Information technology. 9. What is the main reason for choosing Reiko’s story? A. It’s well structured. B. It can attract more people. C. It has an educational theme. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What do we know about the woman? A. She has taken Spanish classes. B. She has been to Spain many times. C. She has learned Spain for work 11. How long will the course last? A. About one month. B. About two months. C. About three months. 12. Why does the man advise the woman to register early? A. The number of places is decreased B. The registering time is limited. C. The classes are very popular. 13. What does the woman request in the end? A. A list of the textbooks. B. A thin book on the courses. C. A way to contact the center. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is probably the woman? A. An architect. B. A teacher. C. An editor. 15. What inspired Andy to pursue his career? A. His desire to develop attractive spaces. B. His aim of promoting greener lifestyles C. His family tradition in this field. 16. What is mentioned as a highlight of Andy’s career? A. Completing a project ahead of schedule. B. Working on a landmark building. C. Starting his own business. 17. What does Andy value most about working in construction? A. Staying updated on technology. B. Keeping curious and creative. C. Promoting team work. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker doing? A. Recommending an organization. B. Introducing a profession. C. Presenting a guest. 19. What does Daniel Carlin’s current job involve? A. Studying advanced medical technology. B. Establishing some new clinics. C. Offering remote consultations. 20. What is the long-term goal of Carlin’s clinic? A. To aid medical staff in developing nations. B. To give medical treatment to Americans abroad. C. To provide free medical treatment for needy areas. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Participation in science research competitions benefits students by making them more competitive candidates for college admissions and providing valuable experience in sought-after fields. Here are some high-profile contests for high schoolers. American Academy of Neurology(AAN) Neuroscience Research Prize Grades: 9-12 Type: National The competition encourages students to examine problems concerning the brain or nervous system. It is only open to individuals. Teachers are encouraged to provide guidance and support, but they should allow students to show their own creativity. Winners and their projects are highlighted at the AAN Annual Meeting. Breakthrough Junior Challenge Grades:9-12 Type: National and International For students looking for an innovative competition, the Breakthrough Junior Challenge tasks students with creating a two-minute video to explain and show a complex scientific concept. The winner will reccive a $250, 000 scholarship, a $100, 000 fund to the winner’s school for the development of a science lab, and a $50, 000 award to the instructor. Biotechnology Institute (BTI): BioGENEius Challenge Grades:9-12 Type: Regional and National Students from across the country are invited to participate in the BioGENEius Challenge, where they’ll be able to choose to complete a project in the Healthcare, Sustainability, or Environment categories. National winners will compete with other student competitors from around the world. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) THINK Scholars Program Grades:9-12 Type: National Students can enter project proposals into competition for selection from undergraduate students at MIT. If selected, students will receive up to $1, 000 to complete their research. They’ll also be invited to a symposium at MIT. Finalists will get the chance to present their findings to MIT students at the end of the program. 1. What is emphasized in the AAN Neuroscience Research Prize competition? A. Teamwork. B. Leadership. C. Public speaking. D. Independent thinking. 2. Which program best suits students who are ecology enthusiasts? A. AAN Neuroscience Research Prize. B. Breakthrough Junior Challenge. C. BTI: BioGENEius Challenge D. MIT THINK Scholars Program. 3. What can finalists in the MIT THINK Scholars Program have? A. A generous scholarship. B. An opportunity to interact with MIT students. C. An honor to chair a symposium. D. An admission ticket to the MIT team. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了一些面向高中生的高知名度比赛。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据American Academy of Neurology(AAN) Neuroscience Research Prize部分“Teachers are encouraged to provide guidance and support, but they should allow students to show their own creativity. (鼓励教师提供指导和支持，但他们应该允许学生展示自己的创造力。)”可知，该比赛强调独立思考。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Biotechnology Institute (BTI): BioGENEius Challenge部分“Students from across the country are invited to participate in the BioGENEius Challenge, where they’ll be able to choose to complete a project in the Healthcare, Sustainability, or Environment categories. (来自全国各地的学生被邀请参加BioGENEius挑战赛，他们可以选择在医疗保健、可持续发展或环境类别中完成一个项目。)”可知，该项目适合对生态学感兴趣的学生。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) THINK Scholars Program部分“Finalists will get the chance to present their findings to MIT students at the end of the program.(决赛选手将有机会在项目结束时向麻省理工学院的学生展示他们的发现。)”可知，决赛选手可以有机会与MIT学生互动。故选B。 B When the sun comes up over the castle of Rocca Calascio, a small mountain village high up in the Italian Apennines, it’s like a silent, magic wonderland. One such sunrise struck Franco Cagnoli with a spiritual calling that led him to go on a mission that affected both the village and him deeply. Rocca Calascio has seen no resident since 1957. Depopulation of rural or mountain villages in Italy began with the resettlement of villagers in the early 20th century, happening faster after World War II when people were attracted to urban jobs. However, like many places, the area is enjoying a revival (复苏) and now home to some families. “To put it in romantic terms, there is a love story between me and the ancient building,” Cagnoli said as he showed visitors round the castle of Rocca Calascio. The castle, with foundations dating back about 1, 000 years, is one of the highest in Europe. It began as a tower in a line of connected structures to control and protect the land that stretched inland from the Adriatic Sea. Cagnoli, now 39, first saw Rocca Calascio when he was 16. He was on a road trip to find himself. “I arrived here as the morning sun lit up the castle. I was blinded by the light and since that day something inside me has changed,” he said. “I thought it was the most beautiful place. I felt special energies, deciding to help its rebirth.” He’s now the castle’s caretaker and head of a cooperative whose members guide visitors. “Besides temporary visitors, the complete revival has much to do with permanent residents. People of the previous generation didn’t appreciate the land they lived on,” Valeria Befani, a resident in the village, said. “Today’s teenagers, like my children, are proud of their land and are happy if they can stay here. ” 4. What inspired Cagnoli to help revive Rocca Calascio? A. His trip to find himself. B. The impressive scene of the village. C. His love for ancient buildings. D. The historical importance of the castle. 5. How was Rocca Calascio affected by World War Ⅱ ? A. Its population loss speeded up. B. It got left behind in economy. C. Its buildings were damaged. D. It was known by more people. 6. Why was the castle built? A. To attract people to visit. B. To reduce attack from waves. C. To strengthen coastal defense. D. To protect the connected structures. 7. What might Befani agree with? A. Views of different generations vary greatly. B. Reviving Rocca Calascio has a long way to go. C. Teenagers doesn’t appreciate their hometown. D. The future of Rocca Calascio is full of promise. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Franco Cagnoli看到太阳从罗卡卡拉西奥的城堡升起时深受震撼，于是决定帮助复兴这个意大利小山村。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When the sun comes up over the castle of Rocca Calascio, a small mountain village high up in the Italian Apennines, it’s like a silent, magic wonderland. One such sunrise struck Franco Cagnoli with a spiritual calling that led him to go on a mission that affected both the village and him deeply.(当太阳从意大利亚平宁山脉高处的一个小山村罗卡·卡拉西奥城堡升起时，这里就像一个寂静而神奇的仙境。一次这样的日出给了佛朗哥·卡格诺利(Franco Cagnoli)一种精神上的召唤，促使他去执行一项使命，这一使命深深地影响了村庄和他自己。)”和倒数第二段““I arrived here as the morning sun lit up the castle. I was blinded by the light and since that day something inside me has changed,” he said. “I thought it was the most beautiful place. I felt special energies, deciding to help its rebirth. ”(“我到达这里时，清晨的阳光照亮了城堡。从那天起，我的内心发生了变化。”他说。“我认为这是最美丽的地方。我感受到了特殊的能量，决定帮助它重生。”)”可知，村庄令人印象深刻的景象激发了卡格诺利帮助复兴罗卡卡拉西奥。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Depopulation of rural or mountain villages in Italy began with the resettlement of villagers in the early 20th century, happening faster after World War II when people were attracted to urban jobs.(意大利农村或山村的人口减少始于20世纪初的村民重新安置，在第二次世界大战后，人们被吸引到城市工作，人口减少的速度更快。)”可知，20世纪，早期意大利的乡村和山村人口剧减，第二次世界大战后，许多人离开农村前往城市，人口减少加剧。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“It began as a tower in a line of connected structures to control and protect the land that stretched inland from the Adriatic Sea.(它最初是一排相连结构中的一座塔，用来控制和保护从亚得里亚海延伸到内陆的土地。)”可知，这座城堡是一排相连的建筑中的一个塔，其目的是控制和保护从亚得里亚海延伸到内陆的土地。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Besides temporary visitors, the complete revival has much to do with permanent residents. People of the previous generation didn’t appreciate the land they lived on,” Valeria Befani, a resident in the village, said. “Today’s teenagers, like my children, are proud of their land and are happy if they can stay here. ”(他说：“除了临时游客，真正的复兴与永久居民有很大关系。上一代人不珍惜他们赖以生存的土地，”村里的居民瓦莱里娅·贝法尼(Valeria Befani)说。“今天的青少年，就像我的孩子一样，为他们的土地感到自豪，如果他们能留在这里，他们就会很高兴。”)”可知，Befani认为，罗卡卡拉西奥的彻底复兴与长期居住的居民有很大联系，如今的青少年为罗卡卡拉西奥感到骄傲，如果他们能留在这里，他们会很高兴。由此可知，罗卡卡拉西奥有了真正热爱它的居民，它的未来充满希望。故选D。 C In an era of remote and hybrid (混合的) work, many working parents aren’t working in offices as before and are finding their work habits increasingly on display in front of their children in a new way. Is this having a negative effect on kids? Previous researches have shown parents’ attitudes and behaviors around work can have an impact on their children. Loana Lupu, associate professor at ESSEC Business School, France, found a substantial number of workers mimicked (模仿) the patterns of their parents for instance, those whose parents worked long hours were likely to repeat that in their own working lives as adults. Research from Stewart Friedman, psychologist at the University of Pennsylvania, U.S, showed children often suffered emotionally when their fathers particularly were very psychologically engaged in their careers. Now that parents are working in front of children more, due to remote-work set-ups, both researchers believe these effects could be intensified. Working in front of children is not all downside, however. For instance, although the effects can be damaging when the display of emotion is negative, the inverse can happen, too, says Friedman. If children observe parents engaging positively with work, using the workplace to display their values or showing that they’re using their “particular gifts and passions for doing good”, this can set a positive model for how children form their relationships with work in the future. A child observing a parent’s positive work principles can also be a strong influence throughout their life, at multiple stages, adds Tricia Hanley, director of Sarah Lawrence College’s Child Development Institute. Given the potential negative effects of parents working in front of their children, it is crucial for parents to take active steps to address these challenges. Researchers suggest parents should draw a clear line between work and life by creating a separate working space if possible and actively start conversations about these changes with children. “It’s important to let children know the work you do, why you work from home, and what attention it involves,” says Friedman. Ultimately it doesn’t matter whether parents are at home or in the office. Children shape themselves in their caretakers’ attitudes, actions and decisions around work. These have a huge impact on how children will build their relationships with work, and shape who they become in the future. 8. What phenomenon does the author describe in Paragraph 1? A. Traditional work patterns are to disappear. B. Technology is developing dramatically. C. Parents face work-life balance challenges. D. Many parents are working from home. 9. Why does the author cite previous researches in Paragraph 2? A. To highlight the advantages of remote-work set-ups. B. To demonstrate the similarities and differences between two studies. C. To show the negative effects of parental work habits on children. D. To raise awareness of children’s emotional needs. 10. What does the underlined word “inverse” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Incredible. B. Opposite. C. Unexpected. D. Unfortunate. 11. According to the researchers, what might help parents work in front of children? A. Respect and company. B. Separation and patience. C. Love and understanding. D. Boundaries and communication. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章就父母在家工作的行为对孩子的影响进行讨论，建议在家工作的父母要划清生活和工作的界限，并与孩子进行沟通。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In an era of remote and hybrid (混合的) work, many working parents aren’t working in offices as before and are finding their work habits increasingly on display in front of their children in a new way. (在一个远程和混合工作的时代，许多在职父母不再像以前那样在办公室工作，他们发现自己的工作习惯越来越多地以一种新的方式展现在孩子面前)”可知现在许多父母都不再像以前那样在办公室工作，也就是越来越多的父母在家远程工作，故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Previous researches have shown parents’ attitudes and behaviors around work can have an impact on their children. Loana Lupu, associate professor at ESSEC Business School, France, found a substantial number of workers mimicked (模仿) the patterns of their parents for instance, those whose parents worked long hours were likely to repeat that in their own working lives as adults. Research from Stewart Friedman, psychologist at the University of Pennsylvania, U.S, showed children often suffered emotionally when their fathers particularly were very psychologically engaged in their careers. (此前的研究表明，父母对工作的态度和行为会对孩子产生影响。法国ESSEC商学院（ESSEC Business School）副教授洛阿娜•卢普（Loana Lupu）发现，相当多的员工会模仿他们父母的工作模式。例如，那些父母工作时间很长的人，在自己成年后的职业生涯中可能会重复这种模式。美国宾夕法尼亚大学的心理学家斯图尔特·弗里德曼的研究表明，当孩子的父亲在心理上忙于他们的事业时，他们的孩子往往会在情感上受到影响) ”推知，列举这两项研究是为了证明父母的工作习惯对孩子的负面影响，故选C。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Working in front of children is not all downside, however. For instance, although the effects can be damaging when the display of emotion is negative (然而，在孩子面前工作也不全是坏处。例如，弗里德曼说，虽然当情绪表现为消极时，影响可能是有害的)”中的although可知前后文是转折关系，所以也可能是积极的影响，故划线词所在句意思是“但相反的情况也可能发生。”所以inverse意为“相反的”和“Opposite”同义，故选B。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Researchers suggest parents should draw a clear line between work and life by creating a separate working space if possible and actively start conversations about these changes with children. “It’s important to let children know the work you do, why you work from home, and what attention it involves,” says Friedman. (研究人员建议，如果可能的话，父母应该在工作和生活之间划清界限，创造一个单独的工作空间，并积极地开始与孩子谈论这些变化。弗里德曼说：“让孩子们知道你的工作，你为什么在家工作，以及你需要关注什么，这很重要。” ) ”可知研究人员建议把工作和生活划分界限，并且和孩子进行谈论。所以研究人员认为界限与沟通可以帮助父母在孩子面前工作，故选D。 D Imagine this. You need an image of a balloon for a work presentation and turn to an AI text-to-image generator, like Midjourney or DALL-E, to create a suitable image. You enter the prompt (提示词) “red balloon against a blue sky” but the generator returns an image of an egg instead. What’s going on? The generator you’re using may have been “poisoned”. What does this mean? Text-to-image generators work by being trained on large datasets that include millions or billions of images. Some of the generators have been trained by indiscriminately (任意) scraping online images, many of which may be under copyright. This has led to many copyright infringement (侵害) cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing and profiting from their work. This is also where the idea of “poison” comes in. Researchers who want to empower individual artists have recently created a tool named “Nightshade” to fight back against unauthorized image scraping. The tool works by slightly altering an image’s pixels (像素) in a way that confuses the computer vision system but leaves the image unaltered to a human’s eyes. If an organization then scrapes one of these images to train a future AI model, its data pool becomes “poisoned”. This can result in mistaken learning, which makes the generator return unintended results. As in our earlier example, a balloon might become an egg. The higher the number of “poisoned” images in the training data, the greater the impact. Because of how generative AI works, the damage from “poisoned” images also affects related prompt keywords. For example, if a “poisoned” image of a Picasso work is used in training data, prompt results for masterpieces from other artists can also be affected. Possibly, tools like Nightshade can be abused by some users to intentionally upload “poisoned” images in order to confuse AI generators. But the Nightshade’s developer hopes the tool will make big tech companies more respectful of copyright. It does challenge a common belief among computer scientists that data found online can be used for any purpose they see fit. Human rights activists, for example, have been concerned for some time about the indiscriminate use of machine vision in wider society. This concern is particularly serious concerning facial recognition. There is a clear connection between facial recognition cases and data poisoning, as both relate to larger questions around technological governance. It may be better to see data poisoning as an innovative solution to the denial of some fundamental human rights. 12. What does the underlined word “scraping” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. facilitating B. collecting C. damaging D. polishing 13. According to the passage, what may adding poisoned data lead to? A. increasing the accuracy of returned information B. causing users to forget the prompt key words C. affecting the training of generative AI D. discriminating against great masterpieces 14. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Data poisoning is somehow justified to direct attention to human rights. B. Computer scientists has learned to respect the copyright of most artists. C. Nightshade is being abused by human rights activists to recognize faces. D. The issue of technological governance has aroused the lawyers’ interest. 15. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Data Poisoning: Government Empowering Citizens to Protect Themselves B. Data Poisoning: Addressing Facial Recognition Issues Among Artists C. Data Poisoning: Risks and Rewards of Generative AI Data Training D. Data Poisoning: Restricting Innovation or Empowering Artists 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AI文本生成图像工具的工作原理、可能存在的版权问题以及由此引出的“投毒”概念，还探讨了相关工具如Nightshade的用途和可能带来的影响，以及这一领域与人权、技术治理等议题的关联。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Text-to-image generators work by being trained on large datasets that include millions or billions of images.(文本到图像生成器的工作原理是在包含数百万或数十亿图像的大型数据集上进行训练)”以及后文“online images(在线图像)”可知，文本到图像生成器的工作原理是在包含数百万或数十亿图像的大型数据集上进行训练，所以收集了在线图像来训练，故划线词意思是“收集”。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The tool works by slightly altering an image’s pixels (像素) in a way that confuses the computer vision system but leaves the image unaltered to a human’s eyes. If an organization then scrapes one of these images to train a future AI model, its data pool becomes “poisoned”. This can result in mistaken learning, which makes the generator return unintended results.(这个工具的工作原理是轻微地改变图像的像素，以一种让计算机视觉系统感到困惑但人类肉眼却看不出变化的方式。如果一个组织随后抓取这些图像来训练未来的AI模型，那么它的数据集就变得“有毒”了。这可能会导致错误的学习，使得生成器返回非预期的结果)”可知，添加有毒数据会影响生成式AI的训练。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Possibly, tools like Nightshade can be abused by some users to intentionally upload “poisoned” images in order to confuse AI generators. But the Nightshade’s developer hopes the tool will make big tech companies more respectful of copyright.(像Nightshade这样的工具可能会被一些用户滥用，故意上传“有毒”的图像，以迷惑AI生成器。但Nightshade的开发者希望这个工具能让大型科技公司更加尊重版权)”以及最后一段“Human rights activists, for example, have been concerned for some time about the indiscriminate use of machine vision in wider society. This concern is particularly serious concerning facial recognition. There is a clear connection between facial recognition cases and data poisoning, as both relate to larger questions around technological governance. It may be better to see data poisoning as an innovative solution to the denial of some fundamental human rights.(例如，人权活动家一段时间以来一直担心机器视觉在更广泛的社会中被滥用。这种担忧在面部识别方面尤为严重。面部识别案例与数据中毒之间存在明显联系，因为两者都涉及到围绕技术治理的更大问题。或许最好将数据中毒视为一种创新的解决方案，以解决某些基本人权遭到剥夺的问题)”可知，最后两段提到，人权活动人士一直担心滥用机器视觉，特别是面部识别，并且面部识别案件与数据中毒之间存在联系。作者建议，将数据中毒视为剥夺某些基本人权的创新解决方案可能是一个更好的观点。这意味着，数据中毒可以被视为引起人们对人权问题的注意的一种方式，从而证明在某些情况下使用数据中毒是合理的。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“You enter the prompt (提示词) “red balloon against a blue sky” but the generator returns an image of an egg instead.(你输入提示词“蓝天下的红色气球”，但生成器返回的却是一张鸡蛋的图片)”以及第二段“The generator you’re using may have been “poisoned”. What does this mean? Text-to-image generators work by being trained on large datasets that include millions or billions of images. Some of the generators have been trained by indiscriminately (任意的) scraping online images, many of which may be under copyright. This has led to many copyright infringement (侵害) cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing and profiting from their work.(你正在使用的生成器可能已经被“投毒”了。这是什么意思呢？文本生成图像的工具是通过在包含数百万或数十亿张图片的大型数据集上进行训练来工作的。其中一些生成器是通过不加区分地从网上抓取图片来进行训练的，而这些图片中很多可能都受版权保护。这导致了许多版权侵权案件，艺术家们指责大型科技公司窃取他们的作品并从中获利)”结合文章主要解释了“中毒”数据的含义，即通过特地工具对图像像素进行细微修改，使得这些图像在训练AI模型时会导致模型学习错误，从而产生非预期的输出，这导致了许多侵犯版权的案件，引起艺术家的不满。选项D“数据中毒：限制创新还是赋权艺术家”总结了全文内容，为最佳标题。故选D。 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Boost Your Self-Discipline Contrary to popular belief, self-discipline does not come along by denying yourself something or being “strict” with yourself. It is about loving yourself and developing new habits. ____16____ This is how you get there: Set clear goals so when it comes down to it, you can think first, act later. When you have knowledge that a greater reward is at stake (得失难料), you are going to have an easier time letting go of immediate satisfaction. Prioritize your list according to what you want to achieve in the future. ____17____ Motivate yourself to win and remember that life doesn’t happen to you, it happens for you. Anxiety arises from the belief that you are not in control of your life circumstances but are a victim of them. ____18____ That will set the stage for you to regain your power and access your inner motivation to win and achieve. Know your triggers (诱因) and control the stress response. Certain situations, people or even foods cause your stress response to be triggered. ____19____ Who and what causes you to feel impulsive (易冲动的)? It could be sleep deprivation, or it should be a tendency to feel overly criticized by your boss. By knowing your triggers, you can either avoid them or develop ways to deal with them. ____20____ Either enlist friends or family members to join you or ask for their support to remind you of your long-term goals. The key here is that no one is allowed to criticize you or cause you to feel guilt or shame. Instead, they are to remind you to love yourself and help you get back on track when you slip up. A. Get some reliable partners. B. Your job is to pay attention. C. You should think twice to avoid possible mistakes. D. Change your mindset to being a victor of your life. E. It will help you follow your heart and improve your performance. F. In other words, it is a positive effort, not one of denial or negativity. G. When following this process, you will think twice before acting on a sudden urge. 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. D 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍如何提高自律能力的方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Contrary to popular belief, self-discipline does not come along by denying yourself something or being “strict” with yourself. It is about loving yourself and developing new habits. (与普遍的看法相反，自律不是通过否定自己或对自己“严格”来实现的。它是关于爱自己和培养新的习惯)” 可知，自律是一种积极而的非消极的，F选项“换句话说，这是一种积极的努力，而不是一种否认或消极的努力。”正是对上文的解释说明，起到承上启下的作用。故选F。 【17题详解】 空处位于段末，根据上文“Set clear goals so when it comes down to it, you can think first, act later. When you have knowledge that a greater reward is at stake (得失难料), you are going to have an easier time letting go of immediate satisfaction. Prioritize your list according to what you want to achieve in the future. (设定明确的目标，这样当事情发生时，你就可以先思考，再行动。当你知道更大的回报岌岌可危时，你就会更容易放下眼前的满足感。根据你未来想要实现的目标来确定优先级)”推知，空处应陈述遵循上述做法的结果，G选项“遵循这个过程，你会在冲动之下三思而后行。”符合题意，故选G。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Anxiety arises from the belief that you are not in control of your life circumstances but are a victim of them. (焦虑源于你认为自己无法控制自己的生活环境，而是生活环境的受害者)”可知焦虑源于你认为自己无法掌控生活状况而是其受害者的想法，所以要转变这种想法，D选项“改变你的心态，成为生活的胜利者。”符合题意，并且这里的victor对应上文的victim，故选D。 【19题详解】 上文“Know your triggers (诱因) and control the stress response. Certain situations, people or even foods cause your stress response to be triggered. (了解你的触发因素，控制压力反应。某些情况、人甚至食物会引发你的压力反应)”提到要了解那些能触发你应激反应的因素，下文“Who and what causes you to feel impulsive (易冲动的)? (是什么人、什么事使你感到冲动？)”可知，设空处应是你就要留意这些因素，所以B选项“你要做的就是集中注意力。”符合题意，承上启下，故选B。 【20题详解】 空处为本段主旨句，根据下文“Either enlist friends or family members to join you or ask for their support to remind you of your long-term goals. The key here is that no one is allowed to criticize you or cause you to feel guilt or shame. Instead, they are to remind you to love yourself and help you get back on track when you slip up. (让朋友或家人加入你的行列，或者请求他们的支持来提醒你的长期目标。这里的关键是不允许任何人批评你或让你感到内疚或羞耻。相反，它们会提醒你爱自己，并在你犯错时帮助你回到正轨。)”可知，本段的建议是找到可靠的伙伴，他们可以是朋友也可以是家人，所以A选项“找一些可靠的合作伙伴。”符合本段大意，故选A。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was born with a genetic disease that causes severe weakness in my limbs (肢体). My ____21____ means I’ve never been able to stand or walk, but in the water, I was weightless and could move more freely. My ____22____ memories of my childhood are of learning to swim in school P. E. lessons. It was the only sport I was ever able to ____23____ participate in, without being assigned to referee. I wasn’t the fastest swimmer, but back in class, with wet-hair and sore eyes, I felt like a（n）____24____ As I approached adolescence, I underwent further surgery, which let me even less ____25____. Visiting the hydrotherapy (水疗法) pool was a final ____26____ to return to the water. I now needed specialist equipment to get me into the pool. It was a stressful, ____27____ experience, far from the fun I remembered. I knew I would never ____28____ again! I cried the whole way home. My tears weren’t just because of the loss — they were a（n）____29____, too. I made the decision: I was never going back in the water again. For the first time as a young adult I had to ____30____ myself. Like other disabled people, I often feel a social ____31____ to push myself, to ignore my body’s needs, to be a high achiever, ____32____ pain or exhaustion. Giving up on swimming was a tough lesson about accepting the ____33____ of my body. It was the first big loss in my life, but I know there will be others as I age. I’ve learned it’s OK to ____34____ what my body could do before, but it’s also important to find ways to adapt and ____35____ what I can do. 21. A. fear B. disability C. life D. experience 22. A. fondest B. bitterest C. earliest D. shortest 23. A. frequently B. fully C. independently D. typically 24. A. equal B. human C. amateur D. winner 25. A. painful B. active C. energetic D. mobile 26. A. time B. permission C. attempt D. outcome 27. A. alarming B. worthwhile C. unnecessary D. unique 28. A. walk B. stand C. swim D. run 29. A. agreement B. acceptance C. resolution D. recovery 30. A. give in to B. look out for C. advocate for D. attend to 31. A. pressure B. responsibility C. environment D. movement 32. A. throughout B. without C. besides D. despite 33. A. desires B. requirements C. strengths D. limitations 34. A. bear B. prove C. miss D. forget 35. A. change B. enjoy C. handle D. imagine 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文，作者身患残疾，从小无法站立和行走，却在水里可以行动自如，然而，一场手术让作者更加行动不便，不得已放弃游泳，虽然痛苦，但也让自己学会了自我接受。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的残疾意味着我永远不能站立或行走，但在水中，我失重，可以更自由地移动。A. fear害怕；B. disability残疾；C. life生活；D. experience经历。根据下文“I’ve never been able to stand or walk”可知，作者身患“残疾”，不能正常站立行走。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我童年最美好的回忆就是在学校的体育课上学习游泳。A. fondest最喜欢的；B. bitterest最苦涩的；C. earliest最早的；D. shortest最短的。根据下文“It was the only sport I was ever able to ____ participate in, without being assigned to referee.”可知，作者可以在水里游泳，所以上游泳课是开心的，因此是“最喜欢的”回忆。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是唯一一项我能够完全参与运动，而不是被安排去当裁判。A. frequently频繁地；B. fully完全地；C. independently独立地；D. typically典型地。根据下文“without being assigned to referee”可知，作者可以“完全”参与游泳这项运动。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：回到教室，带着湿漉漉的头发和疼痛的眼睛，我感觉自己是平等的。A. equal同等的人；B. human人；C. amateur业余爱好者；D. winner胜利者。根据上文“It was the only sport I was ever able to ____ participate in, without being assigned to referee.”可知，作者可以正常游泳，所以当游完以后，觉得自己和其他人是一样的，是“同等的人”。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我接近青春期时，我接受了进一步的手术，这让我的行动更加不便。A. painful痛苦的；B. active积极的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D. mobile行动方便的。根据“I underwent further surgery, which left me even less”及下文“It was a stressful, ____ experience, far from the fun I remembered.”可知，手术之后作者游泳不再像以前一样，所以这场手术让作者更加行动不便。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：去水疗池是我回到水里的最后尝试。A. time时间；B. permission允许；C.attempt尝试；D. outcome结果。根据下文“I knew I would never ____ again!”及“I was never going back in the water again.”可知，去水疗池是作者回到水里的最后一次“尝试”。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一次充满压力和恐惧的经历，与我记忆中的乐趣相去甚远。A. alarming令人恐慌的；B. worthwhile值得的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. unique独一无二的。根据上文“stressful”和下文“far from the fun I remembered”可知，这次的下水经历是有压力的，“令人恐慌的”。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我再也不能游泳了！A. walk走路；B. stand站立；C. swim游泳；D. run跑。根据下文“I was never going back in the water again.”可知，作者知道自己再也不能“游泳”了。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的眼泪不只是因为失去——它们也是一种接受。A. agreement同意；B. acceptance接受；C. resolution决议；D. recovery恢复。根据下文“I made the decision: I was never going back in the water again.”可知，作者的哭泣不仅仅因为不能再游泳，也是因为要“接受”自己的现状。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一个年轻人，我第一次不得不为自己辩护。A. give in to屈服于；B. look out for注意，小心……；C. advocate for为……辩护；D. attend to处理。根据下文“Giving up on swimming was a tough lesson about accepting the ____ of my body.”可知，作者勇敢面对了自己的缺陷，所以这是一次为放弃游泳的自我辩护。advocate for oneself，表“为自己辩护”，符合句意。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：和其他残疾人一样，我经常感受到一种社会压力，要求自己努力，忽视身体的需求，成为一个高成就者，尽管痛苦或疲惫。A. pressure压力；B. responsibility责任；C. environment环境；D. movement运动。根据上文“Like other disabled people ”及“to push myself”和语境可知，残疾人想要得要社会的认可从而忽略自己而不断努力，这是一种来自社会的“压力”。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：和其他残疾人一样，我经常感受到一种社会压力，要求自己努力，忽视身体需求，成为一个高成就者，尽管痛苦或疲惫。A. throughout遍及；B. without没有；C. besides除……以外；D. despite尽管。根据上文“to push myself, to ignore my body’s needs, to be a high achiever”及下文“pain or exhaustion”可知，“尽管”痛苦或疲惫，作者为了应对社会压力，迫使自己成为一个高成就者。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：放弃游泳是接受我身体的局限性的一个艰难的教训。A. desires愿望；B. requirements需求，要求；C. strengths优势；D. limitations限制，局限性。根据上文“Giving up on swimming was a tough lesson”可知，作者放弃游泳，接受自己和别人不一样，从而接受身体的“局限性”。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经知道，错过我的身体以前可以做的事情没有关系，但找到适应和享受我所做的事情的方法也很重要。A. bear忍受；B. prove证明；C. miss错过；D. forget忘记。根据“what my body could do before”以及语境可知，作者完全接受自己的缺陷，知道“错过”之前身体可以做的事情没有关系。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经知道，错过我的身体以前可以做的事情没有关系，但找到适应和享受我所做的事情的方法也很重要。A. change改变；B. enjoy享受；C. handle处理；D. imagine想象。根据“what I can do”以及语境可知，接受自己表示应适应自己的状态，并“享受”自己可以做的事情。故选B项。 第二节（共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Bigger isn’t always better. Just look at smartphones and personal computers. It is the continual shrinkage (缩小) of components that has caused the explosion of computing power and enabled these gadgets to be ____36____ (access) to people. Inspired by this, researchers and scientists have been working on areas ____37____ making things small may mean big results. And this year, the Nobel Prize has broken the tradition of celebrating big by presenting the biggest prizes ____38____ discoveries on the smallest scales. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ____39____ (award) to a cellular- level experiment. The committee gave the award to Yoshinori Ohsumi of the Tokyo Institute of Technology, for his research on “autophagy”, a “self- eating” process seen in cells. What’s more, in ____40____ (recognize) of their working on the strange properties of matter in extreme states and ____41____ (take) their research all the way down to an atomic scale, the Nobel Prize in Physics went to three British— born scientists who currently work in the U. S. Another exceptional new field is ____42____ of nanotechnology. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry went to a scientist who managed to build the world’s tiniest machines out of molecules. Small as the subjects are the benefits of the scientists’ research are set to be huge. More ____43____ (important), their inventions may even eventually be turned into products that benefit mankind. “The groundbreaking discoveries in physics have started a firestorm of research, and it will only be less than a generation ____44____ their research leads to advances as unimaginable to us now as lasers and computer chips were a hundred years ago.” Laura H. Greene, president- elect of the American Physical Society, _____45_____ (tell) The New York Times. 【答案】36. accessible 37. where 38. to 39. was awarded 40. recognition 41. taking 42. that 43. importantly 44. before 45. told 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们大的并不一定就是好的，受此启发，研究人员和科学家一直在研究一些领域，把事情做得小可能意味着大结果，因而今年的诺贝尔奖也打破了传统，将最高奖项颁给了规模最小的发现。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：正是组件的不断缩小导致了计算能力的爆炸式增长，并使这些小工具能够为人们所用。空处需填形容词accessible，作表语，短语be accessible to意为“容易接近的，容易进入的”。故填accessible。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：受此启发，研究人员和科学家一直在研究一些领域，把事情做得小可能意味着大结果。空处引导定语从句，先行词为areas，从句缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：今年，诺贝尔奖打破了传统，将最高奖项颁给了规模最小的发现。结合句意空处应填介词to，present…to…意为“赠送；授予”，固定搭配。故填to。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意；诺贝尔生理学或医学奖颁发给了一个细胞水平的实验。分析句子结构可知空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，且主语The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine与动词award之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was awarded。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：更重要的是，为了表彰他们在极端状态下研究物质的奇怪性质，并将他们的研究一直延伸到原子尺度，诺贝尔物理学奖授予了三位目前在美国工作的英国出生的科学家。空处应填名词recognition，作宾语。in recognition of 意为“承认……而；为酬谢”，固定搭配。故填recognition。 【41题详解】 考查动名词。句意：更重要的是，为了表彰他们在极端状态下研究物质的奇怪性质，并将他们的研究一直延伸到原子尺度，诺贝尔物理学奖授予了三位目前在美国工作的英国出生的科学家。结合句意及空前的并列连词and以及前文的working可知应填动名词形式taking，作宾语。故填taking。 【42题详解】 考查代词。句意：另一个特殊的新领域是纳米技术。结合句意空处应填替代词that，that所替代的词可以是可数的，也可以是不可数的，此时的that相当于the+名词，此处相当于the field。故填that。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：更重要的是，他们的发明甚至可能最终转化为造福人类的产品。结合句意空处应填副词形式importantly，作整个句子的状语。故填importantly。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：物理学上的这些突破性发现，“已经掀起了一场研究风暴，在不到一代人的时间里，他们的研究就会带来我们现在无法想象的进步，就像一百年前的激光和计算机芯片一样。”结合句意空处应填连词，依据空前的it will be less than a generation可知应填时间状语从句的引导词before，it will be +时间段+before…固定句型，意为“要过多久才会……”，故填before。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：美国物理学会当选主席Laura H. Greene告诉《纽约时报》。空处作谓语，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填told。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是校英文报记者李华，刚刚完成对你校高中生每周参加体育锻炼时长的调查，调查结果如图所示。请你结合图表内容，进行数据介绍和分析。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A Survey on Weekly Exercise Time ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A Survey on Weekly Exercise Time We recently did a survey about how much exercise we’re getting each week. The results are pretty interesting! 21% of us are doing less than 1 hour of exercise, 59% are putting in a good 1-3 hours, 16% are hitting around 3-5 hours, and just 4% are exercise superstars doing more than 5 hours. These numbers tell us a lot about our exercise habits. Most of us are doing alright, but maybe some of us could add a bit more fun workout time. Let’s find a balance and keep staying active and healthy together! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。刚刚完成对你校高中生每周参加体育锻炼时长的调查，要求考生结合图表进行数据介绍和分析。 【详解】1.词汇积累 最近：recently → lately 调查：survey → research 相当：pretty → fairly 大概：maybe → probably 2句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：The results are pretty interesting! 21% of us are doing less than 1 hour of exercise, 59% are putting in a good 1-3 hours, 16% are hitting around 3-5 hours, and just 4% are exercise superstars doing more than 5 hours. 拓展句：The results are pretty interesting, because 21% of us are doing less than 1 hour of exercise, 59% are putting in a good 1-3 hours, 16% are hitting around 3-5 hours, and just 4% are exercise superstars doing more than 5 hours. 【点睛】[高分句型1]We recently did a survey about how much exercise we’re getting each week. (运用了how much引导宾语从句) [高分句型2]Let’s find a balance and keep staying active and healthy together! (运用了祈使句式) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Amanda lived in a big modern city. Due to the high-speed development of economy, families from different backgrounds came here to find a better life. Amanda’s classmate and friend, Rama, was from one of those families. One day after school, Amanda and Rama were chatting and Rama mentioned how much she missed her friends and hometown. “It is hard to leave,” Rama sighed, “but my family needed to be somewhere that is easier to make a living. Holding Rama’s hands, Amanda encouraged her to share more and she knew Rama loved to sing and dance with her friends back in her hometown. After learning about Rama’s story, Amanda started to notice more students like Rama in her school. For the first time she realized that those students looked sad in their eyes. Sometimes because of their different accents, they couldn’t communicate well with others, which made them always sit or stand silently at the back of the classroom. “They are having a hard time, we should show them kindness and love!” she told her mother one day. Amanda asked her mother what she could do to help make them feel welcome. Amanda’s mother suggested, “What about using art? Maybe it will be easier to communicate through art.” Amanda thought for a while and nodded. Like her friend Rama, Amanda loved all forms of art, like painting, singing, dancing, and performing, through which she could tell different stories about her family, and her life. The next day, Amanda went to the Activity Center in her school and proposed her plan of an art show. The officer thought it a great idea. Inspired and excited, Amanda set about her plan with several friends. At the Activity Center they filled a room with paper, paint and pencils. They even made a small stage! Everything ready, they invited all the new students in her school and Amanda encouraged them to share something special about their hometown in any art form. To Amanda’s surprise, no one responded. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Amazingly, Rama stepped forward to break the ice. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Everything seemed to change after that art show. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Amazingly, Rama stepped forward to break the ice. She introduced herself to all of us formally on the stage, including her name, her hometown, her interests and so on. Following is her beautiful and amazing dance. As she was dancing, another student called Mike, began to play the violin as her background music. Such a shy and silent boy is he that they never know he is good at playing the violin. Students off the stage clapped their hands loudly as the final note ended. And then, they began to come to the stage and share their stories one by one. The art show lasted for two hours that day and everyone enjoyed it so much. Everything seemed to change after that art show. They began to communicate with others and make new friends. Besides, they took part in the class and school activities actively, which made them integrate into the new class and school better. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Amanda通过和朋友Rama聊天，了解到班上很多新同学都来自各个不同地方，他们无法很好地与同学沟通，只能孤独地坐在教室后面，Amanda想帮助他们，但又不得其法，最后通过艺术来帮助他们融入班级的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“令人惊讶的是，拉玛站出来打破了僵局。”可知，第一段可描述Rama站出来打破僵局后发生的故事。 ②由第二段首句内容“艺术展览之后一切都变了。”可知，第二段可描述艺术展览之后同学们发生的变化。 2.续写线索：打破僵局——分享故事——踊跃上台——发生变化——积极参与班级活动 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①鼓掌：clap the hands / applaud ②参加活动：take part in activities / participate in activities 情绪类 ①令人惊讶的：amazing / surprising / astonishing ②害羞的：shy / bashful 【点睛】【高分句型1】As she was dancing, another student called Mike, began to play the violin as her background music.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】Such a shy and silent boy is he that they never know he is good at playing the violin.(运用了such…that…引导的结果状语从句和部分倒装) 【高分句型3】Besides, they took part in the class and school activities actively, which made them integrate into the new class and school better.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 听力1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. B 11. C 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024-2025学年第一学期高三期中考 英语试题 （全卷共12页，五部分；满分：150分；时间：120分钟） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. When will the meeting start? A. At 9:10. B. At 9:20. C. At 9:25. 2. Why does the man make the call? A. To learn about a policy. B. To cancel an appointment. C. To ask about a medical bill. 8. What are the speakers talking about? A. A web page. B. A computer problem. C. A downloaded file. 4. Where does the conversation take place? A. At an airport. B. In a delivery company.. C. At a hotel. 5. What do the speakers think of Joel? A. He is organized B. He is unreliable. C. He is silent. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 How does the man respond to the woman’s request? A. Confusedly B. Impolitely. C. Patiently. 7. What will the man do next? A. Pay for the parking. B. Come back home. C. Deliver a package. 听第7段材料，回答第 8、9题。 8. What field do the speakers work in? A. Publishing. B. Education. C. Information technology. 9. What is the main reason for choosing Reiko’s story? A. It’s well structured. B. It can attract more people. C. It has an educational theme. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What do we know about the woman? A. She has taken Spanish classes. B. She has been to Spain many times. C. She has learned Spain for work 11. How long will the course last? A. About one month. B. About two months. C. About three months. 12. Why does the man advise the woman to register early? A. The number of places is decreased B. The registering time is limited. C. The classes are very popular. 13. What does the woman request in the end? A. A list of the textbooks. B. A thin book on the courses. C. A way to contact the center. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is probably the woman? A. An architect. B. A teacher. C. An editor. 15. What inspired Andy to pursue his career? A. His desire to develop attractive spaces. B. His aim of promoting greener lifestyles C. His family tradition in this field. 16. What is mentioned as a highlight of Andy’s career? A. Completing a project ahead of schedule. B. Working on a landmark building. C. Starting his own business. 17. What does Andy value most about working in construction? A. Staying updated on technology. B Keeping curious and creative. C. Promoting team work. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker doing? A. Recommending an organization. B. Introducing a profession. C. Presenting a guest. 19. What does Daniel Carlin’s current job involve? A. Studying advanced medical technology. B. Establishing some new clinics. C. Offering remote consultations. 20. What is the long-term goal of Carlin’s clinic? A. To aid medical staff in developing nations. B. To give medical treatment to Americans abroad. C. To provide free medical treatment for needy areas. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Participation in science research competitions benefits students by making them more competitive candidates for college admissions and providing valuable experience in sought-after fields. Here are some high-profile contests for high schoolers. American Academy of Neurology(AAN) Neuroscience Research Prize Grades: 9-12 Type: National The competition encourages students to examine problems concerning the brain or nervous system. It is only open to individuals. Teachers are encouraged to provide guidance and support, but they should allow students to show their own creativity. Winners and their projects are highlighted at the AAN Annual Meeting. Breakthrough Junior Challenge Grades:9-12 Type: National and International For students looking for an innovative competition, the Breakthrough Junior Challenge tasks students with creating a two-minute video to explain and show a complex scientific concept. The winner will reccive a $250, 000 scholarship, a $100, 000 fund to the winner’s school for the development of a science lab, and a $50, 000 award to the instructor. Biotechnology Institute (BTI): BioGENEius Challenge Grades:9-12 Type: Regional and National Students from across the country are invited to participate in the BioGENEius Challenge, where they’ll be able to choose to complete a project in the Healthcare, Sustainability, or Environment categories. National winners will compete with other student competitors from around the world. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) THINK Scholars Program Grades:9-12 Type: National Students can enter project proposals into competition for selection from undergraduate students at MIT. If selected, students will receive up to $1, 000 to complete their research. They’ll also be invited to a symposium at MIT. Finalists will get the chance to present their findings to MIT students at the end of the program. 1. What is emphasized in the AAN Neuroscience Research Prize competition? A. Teamwork. B. Leadership. C. Public speaking. D. Independent thinking. 2. Which program best suits students who are ecology enthusiasts? A. AAN Neuroscience Research Prize. B. Breakthrough Junior Challenge. C. BTI: BioGENEius Challenge D. MIT THINK Scholars Program. 3. What can finalists in the MIT THINK Scholars Program have? A. A generous scholarship. B. An opportunity to interact with MIT students. C. An honor to chair a symposium. D. An admission ticket to the MIT team. B When the sun comes up over the castle of Rocca Calascio, a small mountain village high up in the Italian Apennines, it’s like a silent, magic wonderland. One such sunrise struck Franco Cagnoli with a spiritual calling that led him to go on a mission that affected both the village and him deeply. Rocca Calascio has seen no resident since 1957. Depopulation of rural or mountain villages in Italy began with the resettlement of villagers in the early 20th century, happening faster after World War II when people were attracted to urban jobs. However, like many places, the area is enjoying a revival (复苏) and now home to some families. “To put it in romantic terms, there is a love story between me and the ancient building,” Cagnoli said as he showed visitors round the castle of Rocca Calascio. The castle, with foundations dating back about 1, 000 years, is one of the highest in Europe. It began as a tower in a line of connected structures to control and protect the land that stretched inland from the Adriatic Sea. Cagnoli, now 39, first saw Rocca Calascio when he was 16. He was on a road trip to find himself. “I arrived here as the morning sun lit up the castle. I was blinded by the light and since that day something inside me has changed,” he said. “I thought it was the most beautiful place. I felt special energies, deciding to help its rebirth.” He’s now the castle’s caretaker and head of a cooperative whose members guide visitors. “Besides temporary visitors, the complete revival has much to do with permanent residents. People of the previous generation didn’t appreciate the land they lived on,” Valeria Befani, a resident in the village, said. “Today’s teenagers, like my children, are proud of their land and are happy if they can stay here. ” 4. What inspired Cagnoli to help revive Rocca Calascio? A. His trip to find himself. B. The impressive scene of the village. C. His love for ancient buildings. D. The historical importance of the castle. 5. How was Rocca Calascio affected by World War Ⅱ ? A. Its population loss speeded up. B. It got left behind in economy. C. Its buildings were damaged. D. It was known by more people. 6. Why was the castle built? A. To attract people to visit. B. To reduce attack from waves. C. To strengthen coastal defense. D. To protect the connected structures. 7. What might Befani agree with? A. Views of different generations vary greatly. B. Reviving Rocca Calascio has a long way to go. C Teenagers doesn’t appreciate their hometown. D. The future of Rocca Calascio is full of promise. C In an era of remote and hybrid (混合的) work, many working parents aren’t working in offices as before and are finding their work habits increasingly on display in front of their children in a new way. Is this having a negative effect on kids? Previous researches have shown parents’ attitudes and behaviors around work can have an impact on their children. Loana Lupu, associate professor at ESSEC Business School, France, found a substantial number of workers mimicked (模仿) the patterns of their parents for instance, those whose parents worked long hours were likely to repeat that in their own working lives as adults. Research from Stewart Friedman, psychologist at the University of Pennsylvania, U.S, showed children often suffered emotionally when their fathers particularly were very psychologically engaged in their careers. Now that parents are working in front of children more, due to remote-work set-ups, both researchers believe these effects could be intensified. Working in front of children is not all downside, however. For instance, although the effects can be damaging when the display of emotion is negative, the inverse can happen, too, says Friedman. If children observe parents engaging positively with work, using the workplace to display their values or showing that they’re using their “particular gifts and passions for doing good”, this can set a positive model for how children form their relationships with work in the future. A child observing a parent’s positive work principles can also be a strong influence throughout their life, at multiple stages, adds Tricia Hanley, director of Sarah Lawrence College’s Child Development Institute. Given the potential negative effects of parents working in front of their children, it is crucial for parents to take active steps to address these challenges. Researchers suggest parents should draw a clear line between work and life by creating a separate working space if possible and actively start conversations about these changes with children. “It’s important to let children know the work you do, why you work from home, and what attention it involves,” says Friedman. Ultimately it doesn’t matter whether parents are at home or in the office. Children shape themselves in their caretakers’ attitudes, actions and decisions around work. These have a huge impact on how children will build their relationships with work, and shape who they become in the future. 8. What phenomenon does the author describe in Paragraph 1? A. Traditional work patterns are to disappear. B. Technology is developing dramatically. C. Parents face work-life balance challenges. D. Many parents are working from home. 9. Why does the author cite previous researches in Paragraph 2? A. To highlight the advantages of remote-work set-ups. B. To demonstrate the similarities and differences between two studies. C. To show the negative effects of parental work habits on children. D. To raise awareness of children’s emotional needs. 10. What does the underlined word “inverse” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Incredible. B. Opposite. C. Unexpected. D. Unfortunate. 11. According to the researchers, what might help parents work in front of children? A. Respect and company. B. Separation and patience. C. Love and understanding. D. Boundaries and communication. D Imagine this. You need an image of a balloon for a work presentation and turn to an AI text-to-image generator, like Midjourney or DALL-E, to create a suitable image. You enter the prompt (提示词) “red balloon against a blue sky” but the generator returns an image of an egg instead. What’s going on? The generator you’re using may have been “poisoned”. What does this mean? Text-to-image generators work by being trained on large datasets that include millions or billions of images. Some of the generators have been trained by indiscriminately (任意的) scraping online images, many of which may be under copyright. This has led to many copyright infringement (侵害) cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing and profiting from their work. This is also where the idea of “poison” comes in. Researchers who want to empower individual artists have recently created a tool named “Nightshade” to fight back against unauthorized image scraping. The tool works by slightly altering an image’s pixels (像素) in a way that confuses the computer vision system but leaves the image unaltered to a human’s eyes. If an organization then scrapes one of these images to train a future AI model, its data pool becomes “poisoned”. This can result in mistaken learning, which makes the generator return unintended results. As in our earlier example, a balloon might become an egg. The higher the number of “poisoned” images in the training data, the greater the impact. Because of how generative AI works, the damage from “poisoned” images also affects related prompt keywords. For example, if a “poisoned” image of a Picasso work is used in training data, prompt results for masterpieces from other artists can also be affected. Possibly, tools like Nightshade can be abused by some users to intentionally upload “poisoned” images in order to confuse AI generators. But the Nightshade’s developer hopes the tool will make big tech companies more respectful of copyright. It does challenge a common belief among computer scientists that data found online can be used for any purpose they see fit. Human rights activists, for example, have been concerned for some time about the indiscriminate use of machine vision in wider society. This concern is particularly serious concerning facial recognition. There is a clear connection between facial recognition cases and data poisoning, as both relate to larger questions around technological governance. It may be better to see data poisoning as an innovative solution to the denial of some fundamental human rights. 12. What does the underlined word “scraping” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. facilitating B. collecting C. damaging D. polishing 13. According to the passage, what may adding poisoned data lead to? A. increasing the accuracy of returned information B. causing users to forget the prompt key words C. affecting the training of generative AI D. discriminating against great masterpieces 14. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Data poisoning is somehow justified to direct attention to human rights. B. Computer scientists has learned to respect the copyright of most artists. C. Nightshade is being abused by human rights activists to recognize faces. D. The issue of technological governance has aroused the lawyers’ interest. 15. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Data Poisoning: Government Empowering Citizens to Protect Themselves B. Data Poisoning: Addressing Facial Recognition Issues Among Artists C. Data Poisoning: Risks and Rewards of Generative AI Data Training D. Data Poisoning: Restricting Innovation or Empowering Artists 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Boost Your Self-Discipline Contrary to popular belief, self-discipline does not come along by denying yourself something or being “strict” with yourself. It is about loving yourself and developing new habits. ____16____ This is how you get there: Set clear goals so when it comes down to it, you can think first, act later. When you have knowledge that a greater reward is at stake (得失难料), you are going to have an easier time letting go of immediate satisfaction. Prioritize your list according to what you want to achieve in the future. ____17____ Motivate yourself to win and remember that life doesn’t happen to you, it happens for you. Anxiety arises from the belief that you are not in control of your life circumstances but are a victim of them. ____18____ That will set the stage for you to regain your power and access your inner motivation to win and achieve. Know your triggers (诱因) and control the stress response. Certain situations, people or even foods cause your stress response to be triggered. ____19____ Who and what causes you to feel impulsive (易冲动的)? It could be sleep deprivation, or it should be a tendency to feel overly criticized by your boss. By knowing your triggers, you can either avoid them or develop ways to deal with them. ____20____ Either enlist friends or family members to join you or ask for their support to remind you of your long-term goals. The key here is that no one is allowed to criticize you or cause you to feel guilt or shame. Instead, they are to remind you to love yourself and help you get back on track when you slip up. A. Get some reliable partners. B. Your job is to pay attention. C. You should think twice to avoid possible mistakes. D. Change your mindset to being a victor of your life. E. It will help you follow your heart and improve your performance. F. In other words, it is a positive effort, not one of denial or negativity. G. When following this process, you will think twice before acting on a sudden urge. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was born with a genetic disease that causes severe weakness in my limbs (肢体). My ____21____ means I’ve never been able to stand or walk, but in the water, I was weightless and could move more freely. My ____22____ memories of my childhood are of learning to swim in school P. E. lessons. It was the only sport I was ever able to ____23____ participate in, without being assigned to referee. I wasn’t the fastest swimmer, but back in class, with wet-hair and sore eyes, I felt like a（n）____24____ As I approached adolescence, I underwent further surgery, which let me even less ____25____. Visiting the hydrotherapy (水疗法) pool was a final ____26____ to return to the water. I now needed specialist equipment to get me into the pool. It was a stressful, ____27____ experience, far from the fun I remembered. I knew I would never ____28____ again! I cried the whole way home. My tears weren’t just because of the loss — they were a（n）____29____, too. I made the decision: I was never going back in the water again. For the first time as a young adult I had to ____30____ myself. Like other disabled people, I often feel a social ____31____ to push myself, to ignore my body’s needs, to be a high achiever, ____32____ pain or exhaustion. Giving up on swimming was a tough lesson about accepting the ____33____ of my body. It was the first big loss in my life, but I know there will be others as I age. I’ve learned it’s OK to ____34____ what my body could do before, but it’s also important to find ways to adapt and ____35____ what I can do. 21. A. fear B. disability C. life D. experience 22. A. fondest B. bitterest C. earliest D. shortest 23. A. frequently B. fully C. independently D. typically 24. A. equal B. human C. amateur D. winner 25. A. painful B. active C. energetic D. mobile 26. A. time B. permission C. attempt D. outcome 27. A. alarming B. worthwhile C. unnecessary D. unique 28. A. walk B. stand C. swim D. run 29. A. agreement B. acceptance C. resolution D. recovery 30. A. give in to B. look out for C. advocate for D. attend to 31. A. pressure B. responsibility C. environment D. movement 32. A. throughout B. without C. besides D. despite 33. A. desires B. requirements C. strengths D. limitations 34. A. bear B. prove C. miss D. forget 35. A. change B. enjoy C. handle D. imagine 第二节（共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Bigger isn’t always better. Just look at smartphones and personal computers. It is the continual shrinkage (缩小) of components that has caused the explosion of computing power and enabled these gadgets to be ____36____ (access) to people. Inspired by this, researchers and scientists have been working on areas ____37____ making things small may mean big results. And this year, the Nobel Prize has broken the tradition of celebrating big by presenting the biggest prizes ____38____ discoveries on the smallest scales. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ____39____ (award) to a cellular- level experiment. The committee gave the award to Yoshinori Ohsumi of the Tokyo Institute of Technology, for his research on “autophagy”, a “self- eating” process seen in cells. What’s more, in ____40____ (recognize) of their working on the strange properties of matter in extreme states and ____41____ (take) their research all the way down to an atomic scale, the Nobel Prize in Physics went to three British— born scientists who currently work in the U. S. Another exceptional new field is ____42____ of nanotechnology. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry went to a scientist who managed to build the world’s tiniest machines out of molecules. Small as the subjects are, the benefits of the scientists’ research are set to be huge. More ____43____ (important), their inventions may even eventually be turned into products that benefit mankind. “The groundbreaking discoveries in physics have started a firestorm of research, and it will only be less than a generation ____44____ their research leads to advances as unimaginable to us now as lasers and computer chips were a hundred years ago.” Laura H. Greene, president- elect of the American Physical Society, _____45_____ (tell) The New York Times. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是校英文报记者李华，刚刚完成对你校高中生每周参加体育锻炼时长的调查，调查结果如图所示。请你结合图表内容，进行数据介绍和分析。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A Survey on Weekly Exercise Time ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Amanda lived in a big modern city. Due to the high-speed development of economy, families from different backgrounds came here to find a better life. Amanda’s classmate and friend, Rama, was from one of those families. One day after school Amanda and Rama were chatting and Rama mentioned how much she missed her friends and hometown. “It is hard to leave,” Rama sighed, “but my family needed to be somewhere that is easier to make a living. Holding Rama’s hands, Amanda encouraged her to share more and she knew Rama loved to sing and dance with her friends back in her hometown. After learning about Rama’s story, Amanda started to notice more students like Rama in her school. For the first time she realized that those students looked sad in their eyes. Sometimes because of their different accents, they couldn’t communicate well with others, which made them always sit or stand silently at the back of the classroom. “They are having a hard time, we should show them kindness and love!” she told her mother one day. Amanda asked her mother what she could do to help make them feel welcome. Amanda’s mother suggested, “What about using art? Maybe it will be easier to communicate through art.” Amanda thought for a while and nodded. Like her friend Rama, Amanda loved all forms of art, like painting, singing, dancing, and performing, through which she could tell different stories about her family, and her life. The next day, Amanda went to the Activity Center in her school and proposed her plan of an art show. The officer thought it a great idea. Inspired and excited, Amanda set about her plan with several friends. At the Activity Center they filled a room with paper, paint and pencils. They even made a small stage! Everything ready, they invited all the new students in her school and Amanda encouraged them to share something special about their hometown in any art form. To Amanda’s surprise, no one responded. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Amazingly, Rama stepped forward to break the ice. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Everything seemed to change after that art show. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. B 11. C 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. 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