7.专题七 介词(教师用书)-【加速度中考】2025年陕西中考备考加速度英语课堂精讲本

专题七介词 (3分) 语法知识理重点 方式介词byin,on,with on,in,to,at,beside等 方位介词 介词 其他常见介词一as,for,from,with,without等 (6年12考) on,in,at,after,,before等时间介词 介词短语及固定搭配(6年12考) 重点语法分点过 考点)方位介词 续表 介词（组】 含义及用法 举例 介词（组） 含义及用法 举例 在…表面（意指 在…旁边”，强调by the window by on the desk 接触物体表面)或 靠近，与side同义 在窗子旁边 在书桌上 在广阔的平台上 beside the TV beside 在…旁边或附近 on the right/left 在电视旁边 “向，对”，表示方向 紧靠若… next to the library on 在右边/左边 next to 紧挨着… 紧挨着图书馆 Shaanxi Province is on behind the door 表示“接壤”，但互 the north of Chongqing. behind 在…后面 在门后 不管辖 陕西省位于重庆的 near the beach 北部 near 在…附近：靠近 在海滩附近 表示“在…范围之 in the classroom over the river over 内”（属于该范围） 在教室里 在……正上方 在河上 under the chair Shaanxi Province under 在……正下方 in 在椅子下面 located in the northwest 表示A地属于B地 of China.陕西省位于 The plane is flying 在…的上方（两 中国的西北部。 above above the clouds.飞机 者不一定垂直) 正在云层上面飞行。 “到去/向/朝” I went to the park this morning.我今天早上 He dived below the 有一定的方向性 在…的下方（两 去了公园。 below surface of the water.他 者不一定垂直) to Malaysia lies to the 潜入到了水中。 表示“在…范围 south of our country.马 之外”，即两地不接 情宽应用 来西亚位于我国的 壤，不管辖 1.The sun is shining directly into our car.Why not 南面。 park it D the big tree? 用于较小的地方前at a small village at A.on B.in C.below D.under (村庄城镇街道等) 在一个小村庄 2.Tianshui is a small city that lies A the 102 southeast of Gansu Province. 销境应用 A.in B.at 5.We should express our different ideas A C.to D.between friendly way. 3.这位女士站在窗边，看着在外面跳舞的女孩们。 A.in B.by C.of D.with The woman stood by the window,watching 6.As today's homework is a little difficult for him, the girls dancing outside. David finished it A asking his parents for 4.不允许在校门口停车。 help. It's not allowed to park the cars at the school A.by B.with C.for D.on gate 7.Citywalk encourages people to travel around a city B foot and find unusual things they might not 考点？方式介词 have noticed before. 介词 用法 举例 A.in B.on C.by D.with I improve my spoken 8.在中国，用筷子敲空碗是不礼貌的。 表示“通过…的方 English by talking with It's impolite to hit an empty bowl with 式或手段”，后接动 foreigners.我通过和外 chopsticks in China. 名词、代词或名词 国人交流来提高我的 by 考点③时间介词 英语口语 介词 用法 举例 “y+交通工具”表 by subway乘坐地铁： 示“（乘）坐…” 用于具体的某一天 by bus乘坐公共汽车 on Saturday morning在 或某一天的早、中、 周六早上： 01 “in+语言”表示 in Chinese用汉语 晚前，也用于星期 on September Ist “用…语言 或节日前 在九月一日 in+颜色/声音/原材 in blue穿着蓝色的 用于月，年、世纪 in2023在2023年； 料/服装等 衣服 季节等或泛指的in summer在夏天； in+限定词+封闭的 早、中、晚前 in July在七月 in his car在他的车里 交通工具 in in+时间段，表示 in an hour “on+设备（电话、电 “多长时间后或多久 一个小时后： 视、收音机)”，表示 on the phone通电话 以后”，一般用于表 in two days两天后： “通过…” 示将来时的句子中 in three years三年后 on on+限定词+大型或 al6:00在6点： on the train在火车上 用于具体的时刻、 at 开放型交通工具 at seventeen在I7岁； 年龄或重大节日前 at night在晚上 I often do my homework “with+工具”表示 by+时间点，表示 with a pen.我经常用钢 We had learned 1,000 “用…” “最晚不迟于…； 笔做作业。 English words by the end with 到…为止”，若 by of last term.到上学期末 “with+身体部位” We see the world with by+过去的时间 为止，我们已经学了 表示“用.” yes.我们用眼睛看世界。 点，句子常用过去 1000个英语单词。 完成时 103 续表1l.原There has been a35%increase in the 介词 用法 举例 number of people in the UK who suffer from shortsightedness(近视)A1997. after+时间点，常与 He'll come back after A.since B.in C.before D.for 将来时连用，表示 wo o'clock.他将在两点 “在…之后” 12.在那个寒冷的冬日清晨，我发现有人在我的院 钟后回来。 after 子里放了一篮小狗 after+时间段，常与 He got back from Paris On that cold winter morning,I found that 过去时连用，表示 after two weeks..两周后 someone had put a basket of puppies in my yard. “在…之后” 他从巴黎回来了。 13.许多在1949年出生的人被取名为“建国”。 Brush teeth before sleep. Many people who were born in 1949 were before 在…之前 睡觉前要刷牙。 given a name called“Jianguo'”. since+时间点或 考点④其他常见介词 since+一段时间+ She's been off work since since ago,表示从过去某 Tuesday.自从星期二以 介词 含义及用法 举例 一时间延续到现在， 来她一直没有上班 He is known as a writer. 句子常用完成时 作为：以…身份 他以作家身份出名。 for+时间段，指动作 I have learned English as for 延续贯穿整个过程， for three years.我已经 She described herself as a 句子常用完成时 学习英语三年了。 像：如同 reporter.她把自己描述得 如同一位记者 during+时间段，表 The price of fruit generally Thank you for teaching us 示“在…期间”， rises during the winter during 因为 so well.感谢您如此尽心 常与延续性动词连 months.水果的价格在 地教我们。 用，表示一段时间 冬季普自上涨。 “为了…；对 What would you like for 用于肯定句中，表 He will be working until 5 for 于…”， 表示目your afternoon tea?下午 示“直到…为 o'clock.他将一直工作到 的、对象 茶你想喝点什么？ 止”，谓语动词用延 五点钟。 until☑ 续性动词 “赞成”，与against think you'll be for my i 用于否定句中，表 相反，常与系动词 opinion.我认为你会赞同 He didn't go back home 示“直到…才”， be连用 我的观点。 until12:00p.m.直到晚 谓语动词用瞬间性 上十二点他才回家。 表示开始的时间， I go to school from Monday 动词 常与to连用，意为to Friday.我星期一到星期 情宽应用 “从…到…” 五都要上学。 9.The boys were busy finishing the dishes and none 表示距离、间隔（时 My home is not far from the of them said a word D the meal. from 间、空间) school.我家离学校不远 A.at B.before C.in D.during Lisa came back to China 10.They arrived C noon and went to work 表示来源，意为from Australia last month. immediately without having a rest. “由/从…而来” 莉萨上个月从澳大利亚回 A.in B.on C.at D.by 到了中国。 104 续表 销境应用 介词 含义及用法 举例 14.Listen!The rain is beating D the windows. There is no doubt about it. A.beside B.behind C.through D.against about 关于 此事毫无疑问。 15.Good health means not only a strong body but also 和…在一起： I want to be with you. a healthy mind.B a healthy mind,the body 和：同 我想和你在一起。 cannot work well. A.From B.Without With his growth. he with C.As D.To “随着：由于”，表 understands his parents better 16.My friend Amy loves light colors,A baby 伴随 and better..随着他的成长， blue and light green while I prefer dark ones. 他越来越理解他的父母。 A.like B.for C.about D.with “没有：缺乏”，表 They have gone two days 17.C a football fan,Peter is looking forward to without without food.他们已经两 示否定 watching the FIFA World Cup 2026. 天没有吃东西了。 A.After B.By C.As D.Before He got through all the 通过（障碍、阶段 考点⑤介词短语及固定搭配(6年12考) exams..他通过了所有的 或考试) 考试 一动词+介词 through He won what he wanted be friends with sb.成为某人的朋友[2024.22] through hard work.他通 protect sb.rom sth.保护某人免受.[2022.26 以：凭借 过努力工作获得了他想 介词+名词 要的东西。 on mobile phones在手机上[2024.58] I don't eat junk food,like at that age在那个年纪[2020.21 hamburgers and chips.我不 n silence安静地[2019.27 例如：譬如 吃垃圾食品，例如汉堡和 in Chinese用汉语[2o19.59] like 薯条。 on the same day/date在同-天[2021.58] on the desk/uble在桌子上[2020.57] He runs like the wind. 像…一样 by0 nesel独自地[2023.57J 他像风一样奔跑 一常见的其他介词搭配 He's behind the rest of the since then从那以后[2023.22 behind落后于 class in reading.他的阅读 after dinner/supper晚饭后I2022.57] 能力不及班上其他人。 with one's help./with the help of在…的帮助下 Put the piano there,against [2021.28 倚：碰：撞 he door.把钢琴倚着门放 (更多介词短语见《晨读15分钟》P44)》 在那里。 们应用 I'm sorry.I'm against your 18.The restaurant was on fire.Luckily,the firemen 反对：违背 ideas..很抱歉，我反对你 arrived there C time and no one was hurt. against 的观点。 A.at B.about C.in D.on 19.The 9th Asian Winter Games Harbin Our team will play against 2025 is coming.We can watch it A TV. yours this afternoon.今天 对抗：和…竞争 A.on B.to C.by D.with 下午我们队将和你们队 20.令我惊讶的是，戴维已经变成了一个自信且外 比赛。 向的少年。 105 To my surprise,David has become a22.中国C919飞机在2024年新加坡航空展上 confident and outgoing teenager. 展出。 21.多亏了你的帮助，我的英语水平提高了很多。 The C919 aircraft of China was on show at Thanks to your help,my English level has Singapore Airshow 2024. been improved a lot. 语法专题情境统 【,完形填空基础题 生活更便捷。 1.)The Space Day of China falls C April Map apps on mobile phones can make our 24th in memory of our DFH-1 in 1970. life more convenient. A.at B.under C.on D.of 2.[2024陕师大附中三模]“人生万事须自为”，习主 2.The weather changes a lot these days.You'd better 席对青年如是说 put the raincoat C your bag. "All the things in our life should be done by A.to B.by C.in D.behind ourselves/in person ,"President Xi said to the 3.Keep trying B the last moment of the young. competition,boys and girls! 3.[2024交大附中二摸]如果我们继续污染环境，我 A.as B.until C.with D.between 们的地球将处于危险之中。 4.I used to be shy,so I took up singing to deal If we keep polluting the environment,our earth my shyness at the age of ten. will be in danger. A.with B.to C.in D.from 4.[2024高新一中二模]我们学校将在九月份进行 5.Graduation is a good time to thank those who have 一次研学。 helped us A the hard years. We will have a school trip in our school in A.through B.for C.with D.against September 6.原创Duck-billed platypuses(鸭嘴兽)have 5.[2024铁一中滨河一模1很多在中国的外国人习 been living on the earth D millions of 惯了早餐喝豆浆。 years ago. Many foreigners in China are used to having A.till B.after C.before D.since soybean milk for breakfast 7.To study Chinese well,Jack often chats with his6.我想向她表达我发自心底的感激之情。 friends B Chinese. I want to express my thanks to her from the A.for B.in C.with D.by bottom of my heart. 8.According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, 7.李玲一家在中秋夜品尝了兔子和花朵形状的 eating lamb(羊肉)in winter can protect us D 月饼。 the cold. Li Ling's family tried mooncakes in the shape A.beside B.under C.over D.against (s)of rabbits and flowers on the Mid-Autumn 9.We learn A the past,experience the present night. and hope for success in the future. 8.在潍坊国际风筝节上，你能看到许多有趣的风 A.from B.in C.as D.without 筝在空中飞。 Ⅱ.完成句子 At the Weifang International Kite Festival,you can 1.[2024陕西，58]手机上的地图小程序会让我们的 see many interesting kites flying in the sky 请完成《情境作业本》(P60)中的练习题 106