内容正文:
专题五
代词
(1~2分)
语法知识理重点
人称代词
主格:l,we,you,he,she,it,they
(6年2考)
宾格:me,us,you,him,her,it,them
物主代词
形容词性物主代词:my,our,your,his,her,its,their
(6年1考)
名词性物主代词:mine,ours,yours,his,hers,its,theirs
第一人称:myself,ourselves
反身代词
第二人称:yourself,yourselves
(6年5考)
代词
第三人称:himself,herself,itself,,themselves
(6年9考)
不定代词
普通不定代词:both,al,some,either等
(6年1考)
指人:-one类,body类
复合不定代词指物:hing类
指示代词
this/these,that/those
疑问代词
指人:who,whom,whose,which
指物:what,which
重点语法分点过
考点刀人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
续表
(6年8考)
类别
功能及位置
例句
注:黑体单词均在陕西近6年中考真题中考查过
My teachers are all happy to
人称代词
物主代词
作宾语,位于
help us.我们的老师都很乐意
类型
动词或介词
帮助我们
人称
形容
反身代词
主格宾格
名词性
宾
之后12021.26
Peter is sitting behind me.彼得
词性
格
坐在我的后面。
第一
单数
me
my
mine
myself
It's you who always behind me
作表语,位于
人称复数
we
us
our
0u8
ourselves
when I am in trouble,.就是你,在
系动词之后
第二
单数
you
you
your
yours
yourself
我困难的时候永远支持我。
人称
复数
you
you
your
yours
yourselves
巧记口块
he
him
his
his
himself
人称代词的使用顺序
人称二、三、一,顺序不可错,
第三
单数
she
her
her
hers
herself
礼让三分you当先,I跟后面没意见。
人称
i
it
its
its
itself
麻烦事情I前站,yOu到后边I心安。
复数
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
he,she定要中间站,切记he在she之前。
·人称代词的用法
遇到复数怎么办,人称应是一、二、三。
类别
功能及位置
例句
●物主代词的用法
作主语,位于
Mike is my classmate.He is good
类别
功能及位置
例句
主格
形容词性
I can't find Lucy.Her address
动词之前
at English.迈克是我的同学,他
作定语,位
物主代词
has changed..我找不到露西,
222.21]
擅长英语
于名词之前
2023.27
她的住址变了。
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续表
help oneself自用:自取所需
类别
功能及位置
例句
prove oneself证明自己devote oneself(to)献身于
作主语,位
John's bike is blue.Mine is
enjoy oneself玩得开心teach oneself自学
于系动词
black.约翰的自行车是蓝色
by oneself独自地;单独say to oneself自言自语
之前
的。我的是黑色的。
keep sth.to oneself保密
作宾语,位
My computer doesn't work.Can
名词性
lose oneself沉溺于;迷失自我
于动词或
物主代词
I use yours?我的电脑坏了。
take care of oneself照顾自己
介词之后
我可以用你的吗?
dress oneself打扮:自己穿衣服
作表语,位
Is this Roy's school uniform or
于系动词
yous?这是罗伊的校服还是
情勇应用
之后
你的?
1.Judy and Lily like sports,and A
often play
注意
volleyball after school.
(1)形容词性物主代词不能单独使用,经常用
A.they
B.them
C.their
D.theirs
于名词前作定语,相当于形容词的作用;名词性物主
2.I left my lunch at home.Luckily,Simon was
代词=形容词性物主代词+名词,具有名词的特征,
happy to share C with me.
后面不接名词,必须单独使用。
A.yours
B.hers
C.his
D.mine
(2)物主代词不能与his,hat,sme,a,an,he
3.Let
D
等修饰词一起前置修饰同一个名词。
always meet each other with a smile,
for a smile can be the beginning of love.
·反身代词
A.I
B.me
C.our
D.us
1.反身代词的用法
4.My daughter enjoys singing and B
favorite
功能
位置
例句
subject is music.
He often tells himself that he
A.she
B.her
C.hers
D.herself
动词或介
作宾语
must work hard.他经常告诉
5.Mr.Jackson plans to teach his students how to
词之后
自己必须努力工作
protect themselves they )in an earthquake
系动词
I don't feel myself today.
this week.
作表语
之后
我今天不舒服。
6.The customs in other countries may be very different
名词、代词
She herself is a teacher.
from ours (we),but we human beings have been
作同位语
之后或句末
她本人是一位老师。
in completely man-made environments
注意
考点2不定代词(6年1考)
反身代词不能放在名词前作定语,要想表达“某人
·常见普通不定代词
自己的.”,应用owm作定语。如:my own room我
自己的房间:a book of her own她自己的一本书
1.both,either,neither,all none
代词
含义及用法
常用短语
2.反身代词的常用搭配
“两者都”,作主语
for oneself给某人自己[2024.63
both
时,谓语动词用
both of..…两者都
learn by oneself自学[2022.64]
复数
challenge oneself挑战自我[2021.63
“(两者中的)任何
either of...
hurt oneself伤害自己[2020.65
either
个”,作主语时,
两者中的任何一个
buy oneself sth.给自己买某物r2019,66]
谓语动词用单数
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续表6.other,the other,others,the others与another
代词
含义及用法
常用短语
词(组)
含义
用法
“(两者)都不”,作主
后接可数名词复数,表示“除去
neither语时,谓语动词用neither of..两者都不
部分以外的另一些”,但不是
单数
剩下的全部
other
另外的
如果前面有he,some,any,
“(三者或三者以上)
each,every,no等词修饰,则可
all of..(三者或三者以
all
都”,作主语时,谓语
与可数名词单数连用
上)都
动词的数视情况而定
两者中的
后接可数名词单数,常与one连
the
另一个
用,构成“one..the other..."结构
“(三者或三者以上
other
两部分中的
后接可数名词复数,表示“其余
中)没有一个”,作主
none of...(三者或三者
另外一部分
的全部
none
语时,谓语动词用单
以上中)没有一个
相当于“oher+可数名词复
复数均可
数”,其后不能再加名词,表示
others
另一些
“除去一部分以后的另一些”,
2.some与any
但不是剩下的全部
代词
不同点
相同点
相当于“the other+可数名词复
the
般用于肯定句中,表示“一些:
其余一些
数”,其后不能再加名词,表示
others
某些:某个”;也可以用于疑问句
既可以指
“其余的全部”
some
中,表示希望得到对方背定的回
代可数名
后接可数名词单数,表示“(三
another
再一:另
答或委婉提出意见或要求
词,也可以
者或三者以上中)另一个”
般用于疑问句和否定句中,
指代不可
·复合不定代词
any
表示“一些:少许”;也可以用于
数名词
1.常见复合不定代词的构成
肯定句中,表示“任何一个”
词根
-one(指人)
-body(指人)
-thing(指物)】
3.many
与much
something
some-
someone
somebody
(某事,某物)
代词
含义
用法
肯定)
(某人)
(某人)
「2019.33]
many
代替可数名词复数
any-
anyone
许多;大量
否定
anybody
anything
much
代替不可数名词
(任何人)
(任何人)
(任何事物)》
疑问】
4.each与every
every-
everyone
everybody
everything(每
肯定)
(每个人)
(每个人)
件事物,一切)
单词
含义
用法
no-
no one
nobody
nothing
强调个体,作主语时,谓语动词用单
否定)】
(没有人)
(没有人)
(什么都没有)
each
数形式:可指两者或两者以上的人
2.复合不定代词的用法
或事物中的“每一个”
每一个
(1)复合不定代词只能作主语,宾语和表语。
强调整体,修饰名词时,谓语动词用
作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
every
单数形式:可指三者或三者以上的
(2)当形容词或lse(另外)修饰复合不定代词时.
人或事物中的“每一个”
形容词或dse放在复合不定代词之后,作后置定语。
5.a little,little,afew与few(详见本书PI8)
(3)由some-构成的复合不定代词一般用于肯
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定句中,也可用于表示希望得到对方肯定回答的
●it,one与that的区别
疑问句中。
代词
用法
(4)由any-构成的复合不定代词一般用于否
代替可数名词单数或不可数名词,指上文提到
定句或疑问句中。
过的同一事物,特指“同类同物”
3.复合不定代词的常用句型
(1)There is nothing to..没什么要
代替可数名词单数,与前面提到过的事物是同
(2)There is something wrong with..…出问
one
一类,但不是同一个,泛指“同类异物”:复数形
题了。
式为ones,指代可数名词复数
(3)...has something/nothing to do with.........
代替前面提到过的可数名词单数或不可数名
与…有/无关
that
词,它表示同一类而不是同一个,特指“同类异
(4)We can do nothing but.…我们除了…外
物”;复数形式为hosc
什么也不能做
情魔应用
)宽应用
11.Father's Day is coming.I find some nice ties in a
7.We were all very tired after working for a long
shop and I will choose A for my dad.
time,but A of us stopped to take a rest.
A.one
B.it
C.this
D.that
A.none
B.all
C.both D.either
12.The color of this dress is different from B of
8.The nurse has a baby in her one arm and a lovely
other dresses.
toy in B.
A.these
B.those
C.them
D.they
A.other B.the other C.others
D.another
13.The population of India is larger than C of
9.I can't understand why Peter bought so many
China now.
watches but never wears A of them.
A.it
B.this
C.that
D.those
A.any
B.some
C.every
D.each
10.Chinese chess player Ding Liren has done D
考点④疑问代词
he can in chess and has put all that he has into
疑何代词
含义及用法
the games.
“谁”,询问姓名、身份等,可作主语、表
A.nothing
B.anything
who
语,宾语(不能放于介词后》
C.something
D.everything
指
“谁”,who的宾格,只用作宾语(可放于
考点③指示代词
whom
人
介词后)》
P指示代词this/these与that/those
“谁的”,who的所有格形式,作主语、表
whose
代词相同点
不同点
语和定语
①一般指在空间或时间上离说话人
“什么”,询问职业,地位等,所指的事物
this/
作主语
较近的人或物
指物
what
无范围限制,可作主语、宾语、表语和
these
时,既可
②在打电话时,用his来介绍自己
定语
指人,又
③his可以指下面将要讲到的事物
指人
“哪一个”,所指的对象范围明确,可作
可指物:
which
作其他成
①一般指在空间或时间上离说话人
或物
主语、宾语和定语
that/
分时,只
较远的人或物
情宽应用
those
能指物
②在打电话时,用hat来询问对方
14.-Hey,Ivan!A are they waiting for at the
③hat可以指代前面讲到过的事物
airport?
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-I don't know,either.Maybe someone important.
-We are waiting for Godot.
A.Who B.What C.Whom D.Whose
A.Who B.When C.What D.Which
15.-C are you guys doing there?
语法专题情境练
I,完形填空基础题
11.I remembered I put my umbrella here just now.I
1.A of my parents was angry when I failed the
wondered if C took it by mistake.
exam.They just told me to work harder.
A.nobody
B.everybody
A.Neither B.Either C.Both
D.All
C.somebody
D.anybody
2.Sunshine,water,air and earth-
D are all12.Of all the paper lanterns,B is the nicest.
my little flower needs.
Jenny spent a week making it.
A.it
B.this
C.that
D.these
A.she
B.hers
C.herself D.her
3.I love books,and it's lucky for me that there are so
13.The 24 solar terms show the changes of nature
B in our school library.
and B carries its own special meaning.
A.much B.many
C.few
D.little
A.both B.each
C.none
D.either
4.When I face difficulties,I always say to
B
14.To our surprise,we did nothing but the problem
“Never give up!"
solved D
A.1
B.myself C.my
D.me
A.them
B.themselves
5."D one do you like best?Coffee,tea or
C.it
D.itself
juice?”asked Alan.
Ⅱ,短文填空基础题
A.Who B.What
C.Whose
D.Which
it we
they he I you she
6.The lady had to wait for C
hour because the1.Our greatest honor is not about never failing,but
plane was late.
in rising every time after we fall.
A.other B.others
C.another D.the other
2.Ryan's computer was broken,so he asked his
7.Tom and Huckleberry were afraid of what they had
mother whether he could use hers
seen,and they decided not to tell B about it.3.Please enjoy yourself
and have fun at my
A.someone B.anyone C.everyone D.no one
birthday party,Marry.
8.It is said that Confucius had over three thousand4.The company will introduce one of its new
students.He taught D during his trip.
!
products at the end of August.
A.it
B.him
C.us
D.them
5.Lin Jian is a Foreign Ministry Spokesperson(
9.Laura,someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and
部发言人).He has no difficulty expressing
see who A is,please.
himself clearly at any international meetings.
A.it
B.she
C.he
D.you
6.Betty brought some bottles of milk to my house and
10.You don't have to solve every problem on
left them on the table.
own.It's OK to ask for help.
7.I held her hands in mine without saying anything.
A.you
B.me
C.your
D.my
安请完成《情境作业本》(P59)中的练习题
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