4.专题四 形容词和副词(教师用书)-【加速度中考】2025年陕西中考备考加速度英语课堂精讲本

专题四 形容词和副词 (7~15分) 多语法知识理重点 作定语 作表语 用法 作宾语补足语 形容词 词义辨析 形容词和副词的 变化规则 形容词和副词的 比较等级 原级的用法 作状语 用法及辨析 形容词和副词 (6年7考) 作表语 (6年47考) (6年57考) 用法 比较级的用法 用法 形容词短语(6年3考) 最高级的用法 作定语 作宾语补足语 方式副词 副词 时间副词 频度副词 程度副词 分类 疑问副词 地点副词 重点语法分点过 考点刀形容词和副词的用法及辨析(6年7考) 续表 ·形容词 功能 用法 例句 1.形容词的用法 用来说明宾语的性 功能 用法 例句 质、状态或特征，常 I found the book 作宾语 放在被修饰的名词 The woman who lives 用于keep,make, interesting.我发现这 补足语 之前，说明性质或 next door is a famous leave等动词的宾 本书很有趣。 状态[2024.23.56 singer,住在隔壁的那 语后 68,2023.29、64、70 位女土是一位著名的 2021.24.65、70] 歌手 注意 修饰复合不定代词 (1)若all,long,high等形容词与数词短语连用 There's nothing wrong 时，要放在复合不 时，应置于名词后。如： 作定语 with the data. 定代词的后面 My elder brother is a middle school student who is 数据没有问题。 [2022.63 1.7 meters tall.我哥哥是一名身高l.7米的中学生。 “基数词单数可数 (2)若多个形容词修饰同一个名词，其顺序为： 名词形容词”为复 Alex is a nine-year-old 限定词一描绘词一形状一年龄/新旧一颜色一国 合形容词，放在被 boy.亚历克斯是一个 家一材料。如： 修饰的名词前面 九岁的男孩。 There is a small old black wooden desk in my 2024.26 parents'room.在我父母的房间里有一张又小又旧的 He was glad to get a 黑色木桌。 与系动词构成系表 letter from his uncle in 作表语 结构[2023.65,2022 Australia.他很高兴收 68.2020.64] 到他在澳大利亚的叔 2.形容词的词义辨析[2024.23,32,37,2023.35、36,39.40. 2022.29,3136,39,2021.24、34、37.2020.3437,2019.2431] 叔的来信。 89 ·副词 续表 1.副词的用法 分类 举例 位置 功能 用法 例句 where在哪里；why为什么； 主要修饰动词、形容 疑问 when什么时候；how如何； 通常位于句首 词或其他副词，有时 副词 how far多远：how much/ 也可以修饰整个句 The film is very many多少 作状语 子【224.29、60、69 moving.这部电 here在这里；here在那里； 地点 般位于句末 2023.60、67.2022.67 影很感人。 downstairs在楼下； 副词 紧跟在动词之后 2021.60,61,2020.30、58 above在上面 61.2019.25631 注意 放在系动词之后， He will be back 多个副词修饰动词作状语时，其排列顺序一般为 作表语 表示主语的方位、 in two weeks..他 “程度副词一方式副词一地，点副词一时间副词”。 方向、动作等 两周后会回来 3.副词的词义辨析[2024.29.35,2021.38,2020.30,35,2019. 般放在所修饰词 The food here is 2537 作定语 之后，多表示时间 so hot..这里的 情宽应用 或地点 食物很辣 1.Mr.Black asked us some questions and no 作宾语 说明宾语的位置、 Let him out!让 one could answer them. 补足语 状态，性质，特征等 他出去 A.easy B.difficult C.good D.terrible 2.副词的分类 2.Don't worry!Remember this,the harder you work, 分类 举例 位置 the C you will be. successfully成功地； 位于及物动词 A.uglier B.easier C.better D.slower 方式 politely有礼貌地； 之前或不及物 3.I was so D when I heard the good news about 副词 loudly大声地： 动词之后 Shenzhou-19 on TV this morning. easily简单地 A.talented B.shocked now现在；later后来； D.excited 时间 C.disappointed 般位于句首 immediately立即，立刻： 副词 或句末 4.If you travel to my hometown,the Big Wild finally最后；recently最近 Goose Pagoda may D come as the first choice. 般位于实义动 A.wildly B.patiently C.strangely D.naturally twice两次；weekly每周； 频度 词之前，助动词、 5.John regretted what he had done and promised that never从来不； 副词 情态动词或系动 always总是 he would A do it again. 词之后 A.never B.often C.usually D.always quite相当，完全； 位于被修饰的 6.我足够幸运，拥有一个幸福的家庭和光明的未来。 alot许多； 形容词或副词 I'm lucky enough to have a happy family and 程度 vey非常；much非常，很； 之前(enough需 a bright future. 副词 a little一点儿，一些； 后置)：情态动 7.这只玻璃花瓶彻底碎了，所以她只好把它扔掉。 enough足够；almost差不多； 词、助动词之后 The glass vase was completely broken/broken mostly大多数：even甚至 completely,so she had to throw it away. 90 考点2形容词和副词的比较等级(6年7考) 注意 没有比较等级的形容词、副词：favorite(最喜欢 ·形容词和副词比较等级的变化规则 的)，right(正确的：正确地)，excellent(极好的)， 1.规则变化 possible(可能的)，perfect(完美的)等 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 greener ·形容词和副词比较等级的用法 greenest: 1.原级的用法：表示两者在某一方面相同或不同 green; 2023.59]； hardest hard: harder; 时用原级。原级可用表示程度的副词vey,so, 直接加-er,est 2021.66]: cheap; cheaper too,enough,quite,rather等词修饰。 cheapest clean 2024.61]: cleanest 结构 例句 cleaner A+be/动词+as+原级 Lucy is as old as Kate. 单音 以不发音的字 +as+B(肯定)，表示“A nice: nicer: nicest: 露西和凯特一样大。 节词 母e结尾的加 和B一样…” large larger largest 和少 -r,-st A+be/动词+nol+as/ 数双 +原级+as+ I'm not as/so careful as 以重读闭音节结 音节 B(否定，表示“A不如Jenny.我不如珍妮细心。 尾，且末尾只有 big; bigger: biggest: 词 B… 一个辅音字母， fat fatter: fattest A+be/动词+倍数+as 则双写这一辅音 hot hotter hottest +原级+s+B,表示“A 字母，再加e, Our school is twice as large 是B的…倍”（一半 as theirs.我们学校是他们 haf,一倍once,两倍 以辅音字母加 学校的两倍大。 happy; happier: happiest twice,三倍及以上：基数 y结尾，变y为 healthy healthier healthiest 词+imes) i,再加-er,-est 2.比较级的用法：两者之间进行比较时，表示“哪 多音 一个更…”时用比较级。比较级前常用abit。 节词 more most a little,a few,a lot,much,even[2022.29],still,far, 比较级在词前 和部 important:important:important; 加more,最高级 rather等词（组）修饰，用于加强语气。 分双 beautiful more most 在词前加most 结构 例句 音节 beautiful beautiful A+be/动词+比较级+Dale is more outgoing than 词 than+B,表示“A比B更 his elder brother..戴尔比他 2.不规则变化 ”[2024.61] 的哥哥更外向。 原级 比较级 最高级 A+be/动词+less+多音 There are many people who 节形容词/副词原级+than are less lucky than us..有很 good/well better[2020.68] best +B,表示“A不如B” 多人没有我们幸运。 bad/badly/ill worse worst 比较级+and+比较级， many/much more m0st[2022.69] 表示“越来越."（多音Our city is becoming more little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest 节词和部分双音节词用and more beautiful.我们的 old older/elder oldest/eldest “more and more+形容城市变得越来越漂亮了。 词/副词原级")[2023.59] 91 续表 情宽应用 结构 例句 8.The lake of Peach Blossom is a thousand The harder you study,the he+比较级.，he+比较 feet deep,but not so A as the friendship better your grades will be. 级…，表示“越…，就 Wang Lun and I keep. 你学习越努力，你的成绩 越…” A.deep B.deeply C.deeper D.more deeply 就会越好。 9.原Spanish(西班牙语)has the second C A+be/动词+he+形容词 He is the thinner of the number of speakers in the world. 比较级+of the two.,表示 twins.他是这对双胞胎中 “A是两者中较…的 A.large B.larger C.largest D.the largest 较瘦的那个。 个” 10.I think Sam did C than anyone else in the A+be/动词+比较级+ competition because he sang most beautifully. Alex is taller than any other than+any other+可数名 A.well B.good C.better D.best student in his class.亚历 词单数，表示“A比同一范 11.Sandy got up late this morning,so she got to 克斯比他班里任何一个 围内的任何一个人/物都 school 学生都高 B than usual. 9 A.late B.later C.latest D.the latest The Yangtze River is A+be/动词+倍数+比 easily happy few large almost twice longer than the 较级+than+B,表示“A Pearl River.长江儿乎比珠 12.Tony managed to write the paper carefully and 比B…几倍 江长两倍 made the fewest mistakes in the test. 3.最高级的用法：表示对三者或三者以上的人或 13.People remember pictures more easily than 物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级 words because pictures are more vivid(生动的). 前必须加定冠词he[2019.24],副词最高级前可 14.When the three-child policy was released 以不加he。 开)，some experts were sure the population of 结构 例句 our country would become larger A+be/动词+he+最高级I jump the highest in my However,it doesn't work as they expected. +比较范围，表示“A是dass.我是我们班跳得最 15.He seemed to be the happiest man in the …中最…的 高的 world with a big bright smile on his face. A+be+one of the+最高 I am one of the best writers 考点③形容词短语(6年3考) 级+可数名词复数+比 in our school.我是我们学 较范围，表示“A是… feel/be/get afraid/scared感到害怕[2o24.57] 校最优秀的作者之一。 中最…之一” be interested in对…感兴趣[2o22.59 be friendly./nice/kind to对…友好[2o19.60 特殊疑问词+be/助动词Which season do you like (更多形容词短语见《晨读15分钟》P43)】 (+he)+最高级，A,Bor best,spring,summer or C?表示“A、B、C三者中， 的魔应用 autumn? 你最喜欢哪个季 哪个最…？” 节，春天、夏天还是秋天？ 16.在大明宫，你可以了解唐朝的历史。 You will be able to learn the history of the A+be+the+序数词+最The Yellow River is the Tang Dynasty in the Daming Palace. 高级+可数名词单数+ second longest river in 17.吸烟对吸烟者和不吸烟者都是有害的。 比较范围，表示“A是 China.i 黄河是中国第二 …第儿最…” 长河 Smoking is bad for/is harmful to both smokers and non-smokers 92 18.由于宇航员的太空授课，他对物理比从前更感：19.原一些艺术家对人工智能在艺术创作中 兴趣了。 的使用表示担忧。 He got more interested in physics than Some artists are worried about the use of before because of the astronauts'teaching in AI in artistic creation. space. 语法专题情境练 I,完形填空基础题 always comes up with good ideas. 1.Burr offers young Hamilton a piece of advice:talk A.creative B.patient less,smile C. C.caring D.present A.less B.fewer C.more D.most 10.So far, China has built the world's largest 2.I'm excited that it is my C time winning a highway network,with a C length of about writing competition.I have never done anything 160,000 kilometers. like that before. A.senior B.proper A.last B.next C.first D.right C.total D.high 3.The classroom became A when the sunlight Ⅱ.短文填空基础题 came in through the window. help fast long much happy cold A.brighter B.the brightest because his favorite C.bigger D.the biggest 1.The boy was unhappy 4.原创Mount Taibai is the B_peak(山峰) cartoon book was lost. in the Qinling Mountains,rising to over 3,771 2.It will get even colder this evening,so you need to put on your thick coat when you go out. meters. A.longest B.highest C.heaviest D.farthest 3.With the help of 5G technology,people can download 5.From the nervous expression on his face,I can see movies much faster than they used to. that he is far from D 4.The Yangtze River is the third longest river in A.tiring B.tired C.pleasing D.pleased the world. 6.It's necessary to learn English because it is D 5.James is a very helpful child.He not only used language around the world. helps look after his sister but also takes care of his A.wide B.widely neighbors. C.the widest D.the most widely 6.The old lady helped me the most when I 7.Susan looks B.I think she should see a studied in France alone. doctor right away. Ⅲ.完成句子 A.beautiful B.pale 1.[2024陕西，56]地图在我们的日常生活中很有用。 C.kind D.hungry Maps are very useful in our daily/everyday life. 8.This kind of instrument is D designed for2.[2024陕西，57]如果你有一张地图，迷路时就不 disabled people to play music with their eyes. 会感到害怕。 A.closely B.secretly C.smoothly D.specially If you have a map,you won't be/get/feel 9.Our science teacher Jack is so A that he scared/afraid when you get lost. 93 3.[2024陕西，60]有了地图的帮助，你就能轻易地12.雨下得很大，因此我们不得不取消这次野餐。 找到你要去的地方。 It is raining heavily/hard,so we have to With the help of maps,you can easily find the cancel the picnic. place that you want to go to. ! 13.地球周围的大气层对所有生物来说是必要的。 4.[2023陕西，59]由于环境保护，山越来越绿了。 The atmosphere around the earth is necessary Thanks to environmental protection,the mountains for all living things are (getting/becoming/turning)greener and V.李原创短文填空 greener· 人与社会一文学、艺术与体育 5.[2023陕西，60]中国人民热烈欢迎来参加中国 残酷的华美一点翠工艺 中亚峰会的客人。 metal pretty ancient cruel strict close Chinese people warmly welcomed/welcome nowadays living little the guests to China-Central Asia Summit. Have you heard of Tian-Tsui(点翠)before? 6.[2022陕西，59]越来越多的外国人对中国的茶文 Today let's take a 1.close/closer look at this 化感兴趣。 shiny but cruel art.2.Strictly speaking,Tian- More and more foreigners are getting Tsui is a kind of making process.But now it refers to becoming)interested in China's tea culture. a kind of jewelry ()People put the feathers of 7.[2021快西，60]世界人民将永远深切怀念杂交水 kingfisher birds(翠鸟的羽毛)onto a3._met知l 稻之父袁隆平。 base such as gold or silver and make them into jewelry. The people around the world will deeply, Since 4.ancient times,people used greatly remember/miss Yuan Longping,the feathers as decorations on clothing and jewelry.The Father of Hybrid Rice forever. history of Tian-Tsui started around the Han Dynasty. 8.[2019陕西，60]正如习近平所说，人类应当友好 The box mentioned in the story "Buy the Box and 对待世界不同的文化。 Return the Pearl(珍珠)”is decorated with As Xi Jinping said,humans should be friendly/ kingfisher feathers. nice/kind to different cultures of the world. However,each Tian-Tsui artwork requires 9.[2024高新一中二模]为了取得更好的成绩，寒假 hundreds of poor king5 shers to“give away”their 期间我们必须认真完成作业。 feathers. Some people even take feathers from We must finish our homework carefully during the 5.living birds.It may be one of the winter vacation to get better grades 6.cruelest things you can imagine. 10.[2024铁一中一模]大家都为神舟十五号和十六 7.Nowadays,people use other materials to 号航天员乘组拍下的“全家福”而自豪。 make Tian-Tsui,such as colored goose feathers and Everyone is proud of the "family photo" silk.The beauty of jewelry made of these animal- taken by the astronauts of Shenzhou XV and friendly materials is no 8.less than that of real Shenzhou XV1. Tian-Tsui.After all,the kingfisher feathers are much 11.[2024西工大附中三模]随着科技的进步，电子 9.prettier on the kingfisher itself.It is fine to 产品变得越来越便宜。 love beauty,but it is more important to love life. With the progress of technology,electronic products are becoming cheaper and cheaper. 孕请完成《情境作业本》(P58)中的练习题 94