精品解析：安徽省马鞍山市第二中学2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题

马鞍山市第二中学2024--2025学年度第一学期期中素质测试 高三英语试题 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman mean? A. She enjoys her trip in Egypt very much. B. She dislikes the hotel and the food served there. C. She finds hotel food terrible but the service good. 2. Where do the two speakers probably talk to each other? A. In the electronic appliance repair shop. B. In the household electronic department. C. In the laundry. 3. Where can the man apply his library card? A. In the office at the end of the hall. B. In the office at the end of the hall on the right. C. In the office at the end of the hall on the left. 4. What does the woman decide to do? A. To have her hair colored. B. To meet her friend immediately. C. To attend her friend’s wedding. 5. Who can help the woman? A. Somebody in a garage half a mile away. B. Somebody on the road nearby. C. The man talking with her. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6. What are the speakers talking about? A. Work. B. Dream. C. Hobbies 7. What doesn’t the man do? A. Play football. B. Paint. C. Watch matches. 8. What kind of books does the man like reading? A. Science fiction. B. True stories. C. Travel magazines. 听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。 9. What does the man plan to do this weekend? A. Go fishing. B. Go camping. C. Go canoeing. 10. What is the weather like this weekend according to the forecast? A. Warm and sunny. B. Cloudy but warm. C. Stormy and cold. 11. When does the woman usually make weekend plans? A. On Saturday morning. B. On Thursday evening. C. On Friday morning. 听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。 12 Why does the man feel so happy now? A. Because he has opened his own restaurant. B. Because he has started a lawyer’s office himself. C. Because he has a small grocery on his own. 13. What is the definition of a large business in the United States? A. The number of the employees is between 300 and 500. B. The number of the employees is more than 300. C. The number of the employees is over 500. 14. What is the man’s opinion about his own business? A. He can make any financial decision by himself. B. Everything is not so easy for him to deal with. C. He should have a good communication with his fellows. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15. What is the man doing now? A Promoting his articles. B. Looking for a job. C. Covering the event. 16. What is one of the man’s articles about? . A. A village in Thailand. B. A journey in Austria. C. His college life. 17. How much does the man cam a year? A.10,000 dollars. B.120,000 dollars. C.100,000 dollars. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Where can you most probably hear this talk? A. In a class of the French language. B. In a class of the Greek language. C. In a class of the English language. 19. How long does the class last? A.15weeks. B.11 weeks. C.13 weeks. 20. Why is the class popular? A. It helps to master some useful rules. B. It is not offered each term. C. It’s taught by Professor Morris. 第二部分：阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Explorers Camp •Full day camp for kids aged 5-13. •Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm. Week 1 | July 8-12 Week 2 | July 15-19 Week 3 | July 22-26 •Register for a single week or multiple weeks. •Fees: $365 per week. •The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15. Camp Structure The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group. Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm). Snack periods are held throughout the day. All campers should bring their own bagged lunch and snacks. Camp Content Explorers Camp organizes engaging arts, history and science-related activities in every class, and focuses on a range of topics that emphasize active learning, exploration and, most of all, fun! All camp sessions are created with age-appropriate activities that are tailored to the multiple ways that kids learn. Camp Staff Campers enjoy a staff-to-child ratio ranging from 1:4 to 1:7 depending on the age group. Instructors are passionate educators who are experts in their fields and have undergone training and a background check. 1. On which of the following dates can you cancel your registration with a full refund? A. June 12. B. June 22. C. July 19. D. July 26. 2. How are campers divided into different groups? A. By gender. B. By nationality. C. By interest. D. By age. 3. How many hours of class will you have altogether if you register for a single week? A. 15. B. 21. C. 30. D. 42. B We Have a Painter to Thank for Yellowstone. Before artist Thomas Moran set foot in the park, it was seen as a hellish place. After, it was marketed as a wonderland. Before Thomas Moran arrived, Yellowstone in the popular imagination was a harsh, wild place dotted with hellish geysers (间隙泉). After the painter’s work was finished, Yellowstone was established as a national park and marketed as a wonderland. In 1871 Moran and photographer William Henry Jackson had joined the first U. S. government survey of the region. For two weeks Moran filled a sketchbook with the landscape’s most stunning sights. The survey results, Jackson’s photos, and Moran’s watercolors — the first color renderings of the area — were presented to Congress that fall. “The photographs were proof that what the artist was showing really existed,” says Eleanor Harvey, senior curator at the Smithsonian American Art Museum. In March 1872 lawmakers officially made Yellowstone a national park, the world’s first. By April, Moran had transformed some of his sketches into a 7-by-12-foot painting. The gold-splattered valley and billowing Lower Falls of “The Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone” captivated the public. “It is too grand and wonderful for words,” declared the Ladies’ Repository that August, “and none can ever judge of its wonders from any engraving or photograph in mere black and white.” Though Moran later painted Lake Superior, the Grand Canyon, and the Rockies, his reputation was so intertwined with Yellowstone that he took to signing his paintings “TYM,” for Thomas “Yellowstone” Moran. 4. What changes about Thomas Moran has brought to Yellowstone? A. He turned Yellowstone park into a hell. B. He painted a picture for Yellowstone park. C. He transformed Yellowstone park into a fairyland. D. He pushed Yellowstone park into a national park. 5. Which of the following statements is true? A. Yellowstone park has always been seen as a wonderland. B. Yellowstone park is an imagination of a harsh wild place. C. Moran’s reputation is closely linked to Yellowstone Park. D. Moran’s paintings did no help to proving the existence of the land. 6. What does the underlined word “intertwined” in the last paragraph mean? A. closely-connected B. comprised. C. interrupted D. intervened 7. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The Great Painter —Thomas Moran. B. How Yellowstone Park is established as a National Park. C. The process of Yellowstone Park being labelled as a fairyland. D. The Significance of Thomas Moran’s paintings to Yellowstone Park. C Nir Eyal was part of a team of Stanford MBAs and also one of the brightest investors in Silicon Valley. He documented his experiences, reading and observations of hundreds of companies to know how mind manipulation(操纵) worked—how products change our actions, and create desires. The result of his research is the Hook Model. A trigger is the actuator of behavior. Triggers come in two types: external and internal. Habit-forming products start by alerting users with external triggers like an email, a website link, or the app icon. For example, suppose Barbra, a young woman in Pennsylvania, happens to see a photo in her Facebook taken by a family member from a rural part of the state. It’s a lovely picture and since she is planning a trip there, the external trigger’s call-to-action intrigues her and she clicks. By cycling through successive hooks, users begin to form associations with internal triggers, which attach to existing behaviors and emotions. The simple action takes Barbra to a website called Pinterest, a “pinboard-style photo sharing” site where she is dazzled by other fascinating objects related to what she is generally interested in—namely things to see on her upcoming trip. Variable rewards are one of the most powerful tools companies implement to hook users. Research shows that levels of the dopamine(多巴胺) rise when the brain is expecting a reward. Wanting rewards creates a focused state, which suppresses the areas of the brain associated with judgment and reason while activating the parts associated with wanting and desire. When Barbra lands on Pinterest, she’s spending more time hunting for the next wonderful thing. Before she knows it, she enjoys endlessly scrolling Pinterest, and she builds a desire to keep the things that delight her. By collecting items, she’ll be giving the site data about her preferences. Soon she will follow and make other investments, which serve to increase her ties to the site and prepare her for future loops through the hook. 8. What did Eyal’s research focus on? A. His personal experiences. B. His findings of Hook Model. C. His observations of companies. D. His researches on human brain. 9. What drives Barbra to access Pinterest? A. The website has a unique style. B. A photo in her Facebook attracts her. C. External and internal triggers both work on her. D. There is a lot of information about her upcoming trip. 10. What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph? A. How a reward works. B. How the brain works. C. Why the levels of dopamine rise. D. What influences judgment and reason. 11. How did Pinterest hook Barbra? A. By suggesting on investments. B. By offering appealing discounts. C. By learning about her preferences. D. By making workable plans for her future. D Psychologists have long been in disagreement as to whether competition is a learned or a genetic component of human behavior. Whatever it is, you cannot but recognize the effect competition has on academics and many other areas of contemporary life. Psychologically speaking, competition has been seen as an unavoidable consequence of human drives. According to Sigmund Freud, humans are born screaming for attention and full of organic drives for fulfillment in various areas. Initially, we compete for the attention of our parents. Current work in anthropology (人类学) has suggested, however, that this view of the role of competition in human behavior may be a fallacy. Thomas Hobbes, one of the great philosophers of the seventeenth century, is perhaps best remembered for his characterization of the “natural world”, that is, the world before the introduction of the will of humanity, as being unpleasant and short. This opinion is still widely held, reinforced by Charles Darwin’s highly influential work, The Origin of Species, which established the doctrine (学说) of natural selection. Darwin’s theory has even been summarized as “survival of the fittest”-a phrase Darwin himself never used-further highlighting competition’s role in success. As it has often been pointed out, however, there is nothing in the concept of natural selection that suggests that competition is the most successful strategy for “survival of the fittest”. Darwin said in The Origin of Species that the struggles he was describing should be viewed as metaphors and couldn’t be separated from dependence and cooperation. Many studies have been conducted to test the importance placed on competition rather than other values such as cooperation, and generally conclude that Americans uniquely praise competition as natural, unavoidable, and desirable. In 1937, the world-renowned anthropologist Margaret Mead published Cooperation and Competition among Primitive Peoples, based on her studies of several societies that did not prize competition, and, in fact, seemed at times to place a negative value on it. One such society was the Zuni Indians of Arizona, and they, Mead found, valued cooperation far more than competition. After studying dozens of such cultures, Mead’s final conclusion was that competitiveness is a culturally created aspect of human behavior, and that its popularity in a particular society is relative to how that society values it. 12. What does the author think is commonly seen in many areas of contemporary life? A. The origin of human drives. B. The influence of competition. C. The reasons for human behaviour. D. The disagreement on competition. 13. What does the underlined words “a fallacy” in the second paragraph mean? A. A false idea. B. A hard nut. C. A losing battle. D. A mixed blessing. 14. What can we learn from Darwin’s words in The Origin of Species? A. All species depend on others for survival. B. The strongest species proves to be the fittest. C. Struggles for survival include support of each other. D. Competition is looked on as the best survival strategy. 15. What conclusion did Margaret Mead reach? A. It is characteristic of humans to be competitive. B Americans are uniquely opposed to cooperation. C. Competition is relatively more popular in Western societies. D. People’s attitude towards competition is actually culture-bound. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train? ___16___ Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible. Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly. ___17___ But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner. Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one. ___18___ In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold. Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week. ___19___ You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one. Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. Have fun. ___20___ Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600 (the number of seconds in an hour) by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile (the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph. A. Therefore, missing yours can be a disaster. B. You’ll have views from both sides of the train. C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control. D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months. E. Train trips aren’t for impatient types. F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom G. Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. 第三部分：语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age. Many species are disappearing every day and the white-naped crane is a ___21___ example. So scientists are trying their best to save the species from going out of ___22___. Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their ___23___. Emma, a female crane, has been in their care since she arrived in 2004. Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was ___24___ by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected ___25___ though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had never taken herself as a crane and become deeply ___26___ to humans. She refused to live with male cranes, and even had a reputation for killing some of them, which made it ___27___ for her to become a mother. ___28___, the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a ___29___ of artificial breeding (人工繁殖) and natural reproduction. This ____30____ Emma to give birth to five baby cranes. The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be assured, more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the ____31____, and many other species appear headed toward extinction. ____32____, not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive. How can we ____33____ the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and Tim offered us the ____34____: human beings took it for granted that their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better ____35____. 21. A. meaningful B. typical C. competitive D. magnificent 22. A. existence B. extinction C. expectation D. competition 23. A. abortion B. recreation C. administration D. reproduction 24. A. found B. chosen C. raised D. seized 25. A. bonus B. consequence C. victory D. sacrifice 26. A. attached B. accompanied C. adopted D. addicted 27. A. illegal B. inspiring C. important D. impossible 28. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Instead 29. A. combination B. collection C. strategy D. system 30. A. forced B. enabled C. taught D. forbade 31. A. list B. rise C. agenda D. decline 32. A. In contrast B. After all C. By the way D. On the contrary 33. A. leave B. bridge C. open D. identify 34. A. course B. excuse C. answer D. reward 35. A. guide B. treat C. example D. companion 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese table tennis icon Ma Long ____36____ (receive) the Outstanding Sporting Career Award from the Association of National Olympic Committees (ANOC) on Wednesday, recognizing his exceptional ____37____ (achieve) and contributions to the sport. Ma, 36, ____38____ has competed in four Olympic Games ____39____ (continuous) since London 2012, has won six gold medals, becoming China’s ____40____ (decorated) Olympian. In the 2016 Rio Olympics, he clinched (敲定) his first singles gold, ____41____ (complete) a career Grand Slam. Five years later in Tokyo, he defended his title, becoming the first male table tennis player to claim back-to-back Olympic singles titles and achieving ____42____ status of the first “double Grand Slam” champion in the sport. “____43____ the past 21 years of my career has been a long journey indeed, I’m lucky because I found my ____44____ (passionate) —table tennis, at a young age and dreamed about competing on the Olympic stage one day. So I have always had this dream, been willing to give my all to this sport, and I’ve never ever given ______45______,” Ma said. 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，你们学校正在举行 “My Dream Career”的征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，字数80左右，内容包括： 1. 理想的职业及选择的理由； 2. 如何为之做准备。 My Dream Career ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Arun, a young man, would start a job, do it for a few days and then start another. Many years had passed like this and he had not yet been able to settle down in any business. He was upset, thinking he was just incapable of doing anything well. One day, he happened to meet Maharaj, who was an old man well-known for his knowledge and wisdom. After listening to Arun’s problem, Maharaj invited him to his house. Maharaj took Aru n to his garden for a walk. While they were walking, Maharaj learned that Arun’s favorite fruit was mango. Maharaj pointed to a bag and asked Aru n to take out some mango seeds and bury them in the ground. Aru n quickly picked out some seeds and planted them in the soil. After doing this, Aru n got tired. Maharaj asked him to go inside his house to rest. About half an hour later, Maharaj said to Arun, “Go outside and see if fruits have come out of those seeds!” “But... how can fruits come out so soon? I just buried those seeds in the ground,” said Arun. Maharaj said they could wait for some time. Another half hour later, Maharaj asked Aru n to go outside again and see if fruits had come out of those seeds. Arun knew that nothing would have happened, yet he still went to check. Aru n returned quickly and said, “Nothing had happened. You are talking about fruits! Even the plants have not come out of those seeds yet.” “It seems that something is wrong!” Maharaj said. “OK, Arun, take out those seeds from there and bury them somewhere else.” Aru n was shocked but still did as asked. After some time, Maharaj said, “Arun, go outside and see. This time fruits must have come out.” Aru n returned with the same answer, “Nothing happened!” Aru n got impatient and said, “Can I go and rest now?” “No, wait... let’s try changing seeds this time. Fruits might come out this time,” said Maharaj. 注意：1.续写词数应为 150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Now, Aru n lost all his patience. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Arun felt ashamed and began to reflect. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 马鞍山市第二中学2024--2025学年度第一学期期中素质测试 高三英语试题 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman mean? A. She enjoys her trip in Egypt very much. B. She dislikes the hotel and the food served there. C. She finds hotel food terrible but the service good. 2. Where do the two speakers probably talk to each other? A. In the electronic appliance repair shop. B. In the household electronic department. C. In the laundry. 3. Where can the man apply his library card? A. In the office at the end of the hall. B. In the office at the end of the hall on the right. C. In the office at the end of the hall on the left. 4. What does the woman decide to do? A. To have her hair colored. B. To meet her friend immediately. C. To attend her friend’s wedding. 5. Who can help the woman? A. Somebody in a garage half a mile away. B. Somebody on the road nearby. C. The man talking with her. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6. What are the speakers talking about? A. Work. B. Dream. C. Hobbies 7. What doesn’t the man do? A. Play football. B. Paint. C. Watch matches. 8. What kind of books does the man like reading? A. Science fiction. B. True stories. C. Travel magazines. 听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。 9. What does the man plan to do this weekend? A. Go fishing. B. Go camping. C. Go canoeing. 10 What is the weather like this weekend according to the forecast? A. Warm and sunny. B. Cloudy but warm. C. Stormy and cold. 11. When does the woman usually make weekend plans? A. On Saturday morning. B. On Thursday evening. C. On Friday morning. 听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。 12. Why does the man feel so happy now? A. Because he has opened his own restaurant. B. Because he has started a lawyer’s office himself. C. Because he has a small grocery on his own. 13. What is the definition of a large business in the United States? A. The number of the employees is between 300 and 500. B. The number of the employees is more than 300. C. The number of the employees is over 500. 14. What is the man’s opinion about his own business? A. He can make any financial decision by himself. B. Everything is not so easy for him to deal with. C. He should have a good communication with his fellows. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15. What is the man doing now? A Promoting his articles. B. Looking for a job. C. Covering the event. 16. What is one of the man’s articles about? . A. A village in Thailand. B. A journey in Austria. C. His college life. 17. How much does the man cam a year? A.10,000 dollars. B.120,000 dollars. C.100,000 dollars. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Where can you most probably hear this talk? A. In a class of the French language. B. In a class of the Greek language. C. In a class of the English language. 19. How long does the class last? A.15weeks. B.11 weeks. C.13 weeks. 20. Why is the class popular? A. It helps to master some useful rules. B. It is not offered each term. C. It’s taught by Professor Morris. 第二部分：阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Explorers Camp •Full day camp for kids aged 5-13. •Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm. Week 1 | July 8-12 Week 2 | July 15-19 Week 3 | July 22-26 •Register for a single week or multiple weeks. •Fees: $365 per week. •The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15. Camp Structure The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group. Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm). Snack periods are held throughout the day. All campers should bring their own bagged lunch and snacks. Camp Content Explorers Camp organizes engaging arts, history and science-related activities in every class, and focuses on a range of topics that emphasize active learning, exploration and, most of all, fun! All camp sessions are created with age-appropriate activities that are tailored to the multiple ways that kids learn. Camp Staff Campers enjoy a staff-to-child ratio ranging from 1:4 to 1:7 depending on the age group. Instructors are passionate educators who are experts in their fields and have undergone training and a background check. 1. On which of the following dates can you cancel your registration with a full refund? A. June 12. B. June 22. C. July 19. D. July 26. 2. How are campers divided into different groups? A. By gender. B. By nationality. C. By interest. D. By age. 3. How many hours of class will you have altogether if you register for a single week? A. 15. B. 21. C. 30. D. 42. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了探险家营地的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“•The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15. (取消注册并获得全额退款的最后一天是6月15日)”可知，你可以在6月12日取消注册并全额退款。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Camp Structure部分中的“The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group.(白天按每个年龄组分为两个专题会议)”可知，露营者按年龄划分成不同的小组。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“•Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.( 7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9点至下午4点)”可知，每周安排5天的活动。根据Camp Structure部分中的“Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm).(露营者有一个三小时的上午课程（上午9点到中午12点）和一个小时的午休时间，然后是另一个三个小时的下午课程（下午1点到下午4点）)”可知，全天有6个小时的课程。5*6=30。由此可知，如果你注册一周，你总共有30小时的课程。故选C。 【点睛】 B We Have a Painter to Thank for Yellowstone. Before artist Thomas Moran set foot in the park, it was seen as a hellish place. After, it was marketed as a wonderland. Before Thomas Moran arrived, Yellowstone in the popular imagination was a harsh, wild place dotted with hellish geysers (间隙泉). After the painter’s work was finished, Yellowstone was established as a national park and marketed as a wonderland. In 1871 Moran and photographer William Henry Jackson had joined the first U. S. government survey of the region. For two weeks Moran filled a sketchbook with the landscape’s most stunning sights. The survey results, Jackson’s photos, and Moran’s watercolors — the first color renderings of the area — were presented to Congress that fall. “The photographs were proof that what the artist was showing really existed,” says Eleanor Harvey, senior curator at the Smithsonian American Art Museum. In March 1872 lawmakers officially made Yellowstone a national park, the world’s first. By April, Moran had transformed some of his sketches into a 7-by-12-foot painting. The gold-splattered valley and billowing Lower Falls of “The Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone” captivated the public. “It is too grand and wonderful for words,” declared the Ladies’ Repository that August, “and none can ever judge of its wonders from any engraving or photograph in mere black and white.” Though Moran later painted Lake Superior, the Grand Canyon, and the Rockies, his reputation was so intertwined with Yellowstone that he took to signing his paintings “TYM,” for Thomas “Yellowstone” Moran. 4. What changes about Thomas Moran has brought to Yellowstone? A. He turned Yellowstone park into a hell. B. He painted a picture for Yellowstone park. C. He transformed Yellowstone park into a fairyland. D. He pushed Yellowstone park into a national park. 5. Which of the following statements is true? A. Yellowstone park has always been seen as a wonderland. B. Yellowstone park is an imagination of a harsh, wild place. C. Moran’s reputation is closely linked to Yellowstone Park. D. Moran’s paintings did no help to proving the existence of the land. 6. What does the underlined word “intertwined” in the last paragraph mean? A. closely-connected B. comprised. C. interrupted D. intervened 7. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The Great Painter —Thomas Moran. B. How Yellowstone Park is established as a National Park. C. The process of Yellowstone Park being labelled as a fairyland. D. The Significance of Thomas Moran’s paintings to Yellowstone Park. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了黄石公园在艺术家托马斯·莫兰到这个公园之前，它被视为一个地狱般的地方。之后，它被宣传为仙境。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In 1871 Moran and photographer William Henry Jackson had joined the first U. S. government survey of the region. For two weeks Moran filled a sketchbook with the landscape’s most stunning sights. The survey results, Jackson’s photos, and Moran’s watercolors — the first color renderings of the area — were presented to Congress that fall. ( 1871年，莫兰和摄影师威廉·亨利·杰克逊参加了美国政府对该地区的第一次调查。在两个星期的时间里，莫兰在速写本上画满了这里最令人惊叹的景色。调查结果、杰克逊的照片和莫兰的水彩画——该地区的第一张彩色效果图——于当年秋天提交给了国会)”以及第五段“In March 1872 lawmakers officially made Yellowstone a national park, the world’s first. (1872年3月，立法者正式将黄石定为世界上第一个国家公园)”可知，托马斯·莫兰推动黄石公园成为国家公园。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Though Moran later painted Lake Superior, the Grand Canyon, and the Rockies, his reputation was so intertwined with Yellowstone that he took to signing his paintings “TYM,” for Thomas “Yellowstone” Moran. (虽然莫兰后来画了苏必利尔湖、大峡谷和落基山脉，但他的名声与黄石公园交织在一起，以至于他开始在他的画上签名“TYM”，即托马斯“黄石”莫兰)”可知，C选项“莫兰的名声与黄石公园密切相关”正确。故选C。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“he took to signing his paintings “TYM,” for Thomas “Yellowstone” Moran(他开始在他的画上签名“TYM”，即托马斯“黄石”莫兰)”可知，莫兰的名声与黄石公园紧密相连。故划线词意思是“紧密相连”。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Before artist Thomas Moran set foot in the park, it was seen as a hellish place. After, it was marketed as a wonderland. (在艺术家托马斯·莫兰踏足这座公园之前，它被视为一个地狱般的地方。之后，它被宣传为仙境)”以及后文讲述了Thomas Moran是如何做到这一点的，即Thomas Moran的画作和照片有助于证明Yellowstone这块土地的存在，Thomas Moran的名声与Yellowstone紧密联系在一起，可知，这篇文章主要讲了托马斯·莫兰的画作对黄石公园的意义。故选D。 C Nir Eyal was part of a team of Stanford MBAs and also one of the brightest investors in Silicon Valley. He documented his experiences, reading and observations of hundreds of companies to know how mind manipulation(操纵) worked—how products change our actions, and create desires. The result of his research is the Hook Model. A trigger is the actuator of behavior. Triggers come in two types: external and internal. Habit-forming products start by alerting users with external triggers like an email, a website link, or the app icon. For example, suppose Barbra, a young woman in Pennsylvania, happens to see a photo in her Facebook taken by a family member from a rural part of the state. It’s a lovely picture and since she is planning a trip there, the external trigger’s call-to-action intrigues her and she clicks. By cycling through successive hooks, users begin to form associations with internal triggers, which attach to existing behaviors and emotions. The simple action takes Barbra to a website called Pinterest, a “pinboard-style photo sharing” site where she is dazzled by other fascinating objects related to what she is generally interested in—namely things to see on her upcoming trip. Variable rewards are one of the most powerful tools companies implement to hook users. Research shows that levels of the dopamine(多巴胺) rise when the brain is expecting a reward. Wanting rewards creates a focused state, which suppresses the areas of the brain associated with judgment and reason while activating the parts associated with wanting and desire. When Barbra lands on Pinterest, she’s spending more time hunting for the next wonderful thing. Before she knows it, she enjoys endlessly scrolling Pinterest, and she builds a desire to keep the things that delight her. By collecting items, she’ll be giving the site data about her preferences. Soon she will follow and make other investments, which serve to increase her ties to the site and prepare her for future loops through the hook. 8. What did Eyal’s research focus on? A. His personal experiences. B. His findings of Hook Model. C. His observations of companies. D. His researches on human brain. 9. What drives Barbra to access Pinterest? A. The website has a unique style. B. A photo in her Facebook attracts her. C. External and internal triggers both work on her. D. There is a lot of information about her upcoming trip. 10. What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph? A. How a reward works. B. How the brain works. C. Why the levels of dopamine rise. D. What influences judgment and reason. 11. How did Pinterest hook Barbra? A. By suggesting on investments. B. By offering appealing discounts. C. By learning about her preferences. D. By making workable plans for her future. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了HOOK上瘾模型通过触发器（Trigger）、行动（Action）、奖励（Award）、投入（Investment）四个要素使用户对产品上瘾。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The result of his research is the Hook Model. (他的研究成果就是Hook模型)”可知，Eyal的研究重点在于发现Hook模型。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It’s a lovely picture and since she is planning a trip there, the external trigger’s call-to-action intrigues her and she clicks. (这是一幅可爱的图片，因为她正计划去那里旅行，外部触发的行动召唤引起了她的兴趣，她点击了。)”和“By cycling through successive hooks, users begin to form associations with internal triggers, which attach to existing behaviors and emotions.(通过循环使用连续的用户感兴趣的内容，用户开始与内部触发器形成联系，这些触发器附加到现有的行为和情感上。)”可知，外部和内部触发器都驱动Barbra访问Pinterest。故选C项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Research shows that levels of the dopamine(多巴胺) rise when the brain is expecting a reward. Wanting rewards creates a focused state, which suppresses the areas of the brain associated with judgment and reason while activating the parts associated with wanting and desire.(研究表明，当大脑期待奖励时，多巴胺的水平会上升。想要奖励会产生一种专注的状态，这种状态会抑制大脑中与判断和推理相关的区域，同时激活与想要和欲望相关的部分。)”可知，第四段主要讲述奖励是如何奏效的。故选A项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“By collecting items, she’ll be giving the site data about her preferences. Soon she will follow and make other investments, which serve to increase her ties to the site and prepare her for future loops through the hook. (通过收集物品，她将向网站提供有关她偏好的数据。很快，她将跟随并进行其他投资，这有助于增加她与该网站的联系，并为她未来的循环做准备。)”可知，Pinterest通过了解Barbra的喜好来吸引她。故选C项。 D Psychologists have long been in disagreement as to whether competition is a learned or a genetic component of human behavior. Whatever it is, you cannot but recognize the effect competition has on academics and many other areas of contemporary life. Psychologically speaking, competition has been seen as an unavoidable consequence of human drives. According to Sigmund Freud, humans are born screaming for attention and full of organic drives for fulfillment in various areas. Initially, we compete for the attention of our parents. Current work in anthropology (人类学) has suggested, however, that this view of the role of competition in human behavior may be a fallacy. Thomas Hobbes, one of the great philosophers of the seventeenth century, is perhaps best remembered for his characterization of the “natural world”, that is, the world before the introduction of the will of humanity, as being unpleasant and short. This opinion is still widely held, reinforced by Charles Darwin’s highly influential work, The Origin of Species, which established the doctrine (学说) of natural selection. Darwin’s theory has even been summarized as “survival of the fittest”-a phrase Darwin himself never used-further highlighting competition’s role in success. As it has often been pointed out, however, there is nothing in the concept of natural selection that suggests that competition is the most successful strategy for “survival of the fittest”. Darwin said in The Origin of Species that the struggles he was describing should be viewed as metaphors and couldn’t be separated from dependence and cooperation. Many studies have been conducted to test the importance placed on competition rather than other values, such as cooperation, and generally conclude that Americans uniquely praise competition as natural, unavoidable, and desirable. In 1937, the world-renowned anthropologist Margaret Mead published Cooperation and Competition among Primitive Peoples, based on her studies of several societies that did not prize competition, and, in fact, seemed at times to place a negative value on it. One such society was the Zuni Indians of Arizona, and they, Mead found, valued cooperation far more than competition. After studying dozens of such cultures, Mead’s final conclusion was that competitiveness is a culturally created aspect of human behavior, and that its popularity in a particular society is relative to how that society values it. 12. What does the author think is commonly seen in many areas of contemporary life? A. The origin of human drives. B. The influence of competition. C. The reasons for human behaviour. D. The disagreement on competition. 13. What does the underlined words “a fallacy” in the second paragraph mean? A. A false idea. B. A hard nut. C. A losing battle. D. A mixed blessing. 14. What can we learn from Darwin’s words in The Origin of Species? A. All species depend on others for survival. B. The strongest species proves to be the fittest. C. Struggles for survival include support of each other. D. Competition is looked on as the best survival strategy. 15. What conclusion did Margaret Mead reach? A. It is characteristic of humans to be competitive. B Americans are uniquely opposed to cooperation. C. Competition is relatively more popular in Western societies. D. People’s attitude towards competition is actually culture-bound. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了竞争在人类行为中的根源，指出心理学界对竞争天性与后天性的争议。通过引用不同学者观点，如弗洛伊德、霍布斯、达尔文及人类学家米德的研究，说明竞争并非人类行为不可避免的结果，而是文化塑造的产物，其重要性视具体社会价值观而定。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段“Psychologists have long been in disagreement as to whether competition is a learned or a genetic component of human behavior. Whatever it is, you cannot but recognize the effect competition has on academics and many other areas of contemporary life. (长期以来，心理学家一直对竞争是人类行为的后天因素还是遗传因素持不同意见。不管是什么，你不得不承认竞争对学术和当代生活的许多其他领域的影响)”可知，作者认为当代生活许多领域中普遍存在的是竞争的影响。故选B。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第三段中“Thomas Hobbes, one of the great philosophers of the seventeenth century, is perhaps best remembered for his characterization of the “natural world”, that is, the world before the introduction of the will of humanity, as being unpleasant and short. This opinion is still widely held, reinforced by Charles Darwin’s highly influential work, The Origin of Species, which established the doctrine (学说) of natural selection. Darwin’s theory has even been summarized as “survival of the fittest”-a phrase Darwin himself never used-further highlighting competition’s role in success. As it has often been pointed out, however, there is nothing in the concept of natural selection that suggests that competition is the most successful strategy for “survival of the fittest”. Darwin said in The Origin of Species that the struggles he was describing should be viewed as metaphors and couldn’t be separated from dependence and cooperation. (然而，人类学目前的研究表明，这种关于竞争在人类行为中的作用的观点可能是a fallacy。托马斯·霍布斯，十七世纪最伟大的哲学家之一，也许最令人难忘的是他对“自然世界”的描述，即人类意志引入之前的世界，是不愉快和短暂的。这一观点至今仍被广泛接受，查尔斯·达尔文极具影响力的著作《物种起源》强化了这一观点，该书创立了自然选择学说。达尔文的理论甚至被概括为“适者生存”——达尔文本人从未使用过这个词——进一步强调了竞争在成功中的作用。然而，正如人们经常指出的那样，在自然选择的概念中，没有任何东西表明竞争是“适者生存”的最成功策略。达尔文在《物种起源》中说，他所描述的斗争应该被看作是隐喻，不能与依赖和合作分开。)”可知，文章引用了托马斯·霍布斯和查尔斯·达尔文的理论，指出人们普遍持有的关于“自然世界”和“适者生存”的观念可能存在问题，人类学家的研究暗示了之前对于竞争在人类行为中角色的观点可能是错误的。a fallacy的含义为“一种谬论，一个错误的想法”。A. A false idea一个错误的想法；B. A hard nut一个棘手的问题；C. A losing battle一场失败的战斗；D. A mixed blessing喜忧参半。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段中“Darwin said in The Origin of Species that the struggles he was describing should be viewed as metaphors and couldn’t be separated from dependence and cooperation. (达尔文在《物种起源》中说，他所描述的斗争应该被看作是隐喻，不能与依赖和合作分开。)”可知，这表明生存斗争中包含了相互支持的成分。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“After studying dozens of such cultures, Mead’s final conclusion was that competitiveness is a culturally created aspect of human behavior, and that its popularity in a particular society is relative to how that society values it. (在研究了数十种这样的文化之后，米德的最终结论是，竞争力是人类行为的文化创造方面，它在特定社会中的受欢迎程度与该社会对其的评价有关。)”可知，人们对待竞争的态度实际上与文化有关。故选D。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train? ___16___ Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible. Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly. ___17___ But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner. Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one. ___18___ In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold. Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week. ___19___ You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one. Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. Have fun. ___20___ Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600 (the number of seconds in an hour) by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile (the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph. A. Therefore, missing yours can be a disaster. B. You’ll have views from both sides of the train. C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control. D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months. E. Train trips aren’t for impatient types. F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom G. Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述一些关于如何使坐火车旅行尽可能愉快的建议。 【16题详解】 上文“With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train?(随着油价的上涨和机场安检排队时间越来越长，为什么不在下次国内旅行中选择乘坐火车呢)”以及下文“Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible.(这里有一些建议可以让您的火车之旅尽可能愉快)”说明汽油价格上涨和机场安检排长队可以推测坐火车的优势。空处承上启下，G选项中的“comfortable and relaxing”与上文中的“book your next domestic vacation on a train”相呼应，G项“与其他替代品相比，它舒适而放松。”符合此意。故选G项。 【17题详解】 上文“Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly.(提前计划。大多数长途火车，尤其是卧铺，很快就卖光了)”以及下文“But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.(但无论你什么时候去旅行，最好至少提前90天预订)”可知，大多数长途火车的卧铺很容易被定完，所以要提前安排预定。D项中“busy summer months”与上文“sell out very quickly”以及下文“at least 90 days in advance”相呼应，说明忙碌的夏季尤其需要提前计划，D项“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此。”符合语境。故选D项。 【18题详解】 上文“When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one.(当你乘坐火车时，你不会免费获得一条毯子，即使你的旅行是过夜的)”以及下文“In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold.(特别是在夏天，空调会让他们很冷)”可知，这里提到了车厢内温度的问题，提醒乘客最好自备毛毯。C项中“The temperature”与下文“quite cold”相呼应，C项“列车车厢的温度通常很难控制。”符合语境。故选C项。 【19题详解】 上文“Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week.(大多数火车每天只运行一次，有些则每周只运行三次)”以及下文“You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.(你可能得等超过24小时才能搭上下一趟列车)”说明错过火车要等待时间很长，那是很不幸的事儿。A项中“a disaster”说明了这一情况，且“Therefore”与上文构成因果关系，A项“因此，错过你的可能是一场灾难。”符合语境。故选A项。 【20题详解】 上文“Have fun.(玩得开心)”以及下文“Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window.(阅读一本书、织毛衣、做纵横字谜，或者只是看着窗外的世界展开)”说明本段讲述用不同的方式打发时间，所做的事情都需要耐心，不能急躁。E项中“火车旅行不适合急躁的人。”符合语境。故选E项。 第三部分：语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age. Many species are disappearing every day and the white-naped crane is a ___21___ example. So scientists are trying their best to save the species from going out of ___22___. Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their ___23___. Emma, a female crane, has been in their care since she arrived in 2004. Born at an international crane foundation Emma was ___24___ by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected ___25___ though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had never taken herself as a crane and become deeply ___26___ to humans. She refused to live with male cranes, and even had a reputation for killing some of them, which made it ___27___ for her to become a mother. ___28___, the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a ___29___ of artificial breeding (人工繁殖) and natural reproduction. This ____30____ Emma to give birth to five baby cranes. The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be assured, more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the ____31____, and many other species appear headed toward extinction. ____32____, not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive. How can we ____33____ the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and Tim offered us the ____34____: human beings took it for granted that their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better ____35____. 21. A. meaningful B. typical C. competitive D. magnificent 22. A. existence B. extinction C. expectation D. competition 23. A. abortion B. recreation C. administration D. reproduction 24. A. found B. chosen C. raised D. seized 25. A. bonus B. consequence C. victory D. sacrifice 26. A. attached B. accompanied C. adopted D. addicted 27. A. illegal B. inspiring C. important D. impossible 28. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Instead 29. A. combination B. collection C. strategy D. system 30. A. forced B. enabled C. taught D. forbade 31. A. list B. rise C. agenda D. decline 32. A. In contrast B. After all C. By the way D. On the contrary 33. A. leave B. bridge C. open D. identify 34. A. course B. excuse C. answer D. reward 35. A. guide B. treat C. example D. companion 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一只雌白枕鹤从小被人类喂养长大，她拒绝与雄丹顶鹤生活在一起。为了让她担负起繁育后代的重任，动物园的两位管理员绞尽脑汁，最终成功地让她产下五只小丹顶鹤。在解决问题的过程中，大脑固然重要，但是全心全意地投入可能更能引导我们找到解决问题的方法。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每天都有许多物种在消失，白枕鹤就是一个典型的例子。A. meaningful有意义的；B. typical典型的；C. competitive竞争的；D. magnificent壮丽的。根据上文“Many species are disappearing every day”可知，每天都有许多物种在消失，白枕鹤就是一个典型的例子。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，科学家们正在尽最大努力拯救这个物种，使其免于灭绝。A. existence存在；B. extinction灭绝；C. expectation期待；D. competition比赛。根据上文“So scientists are trying their best to save the species from going out of”可知，科学家们正在尽最大努力拯救这个物种，使其免于灭绝。短语go out of existence表示“灭绝，停止存在”。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：克里斯和蒂姆在动物园工作，帮助濒危的鹤繁殖。A. abortion流产；B. recreation娱乐；C. administration管理；D. reproduction繁殖。根据后文“Emma, a female crane, has been in their care since she arrived in 2004.(艾玛是一只雌性鹤，自2004年来到这里以来，一直由他们照顾)”以及“artificial breeding ”可知，照顾雌性是为了帮助其繁殖。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾玛出生在国际鹤类基金会，由人类看护人抚养长大。A. found发现，找到；B. chosen选择；C. raised抚养，饲养；D. seized抓住。根据上文的“Born at an international crane foundation”可推知，这只雌丹顶鹤是被人类的管理员饲养长大的。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这导致了一个意想不到的后果，尽管她在那里度过了一段美好的时光。A. bonus奖金；B. consequence后果；C. victory胜利；D. sacrifice牺牲。根据后文“Emma had never taken herself as a crane”可知，艾玛从来没有把自己当成一只鹤，说明导致了意想不到的后果，故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艾玛从来没有把自己当成一只鹤，也没有深深地依恋人类。A. attached依恋的；B. accompanied伴随的；C. adopted领养的；D. addicted沉迷的。根据上文“Emma had never taken herself as a crane”以及后文“to humans”指依恋人类。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她拒绝与雄性鹤生活在一起，甚至有杀死一些雄性鹤的名声，这使她不可能成为一个母亲。A. illegal非法的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. important重要的；D. impossible不可能的。根据句中“had a reputation for killing some of them”可推知，让Emma和雄性鹤生活在一起并成为一个母亲是不可能的。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，两个动物园饲养员不想看到这种珍贵的物种灭绝。A. Therefore因此，所以；B. Moreover此外；C. However然而；D. Instead代替，反而。上文介词了Emma的特殊情况，说明她不可能成为一个母亲，但下文“the two zoo keepers didn’t want to see the extinction (灭绝) of this precious species.”中两位饲养员并不想就此放弃，上下文有转折关系，用表示转折关系的连接副词however连接。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的耐心和努力下，他们成功地开发出了人工繁殖和自然繁殖相结合的方法。A. combination组合，结合；B. collection聚集，收集； C. strategy战略，策略；D. system系统，制度。根据句中“artificial breeding and natural reproduction”和下句“This…Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.”可知，两位饲养员采用人工繁殖与自然繁殖相结合的方式，使Emma成功地当上了妈妈。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样使艾玛生下了五只小鹤。A. forced强迫；B. enabled使能够；C. taught教给；D. forbade禁止。“This”指代上文人工繁殖和自然繁殖相结合的方法，结句中“give birth to five baby cranes”可知，这种方法使Emma能够产下五只小鹤。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他们还没有十足的把握，他们还必须做出更多的努力，因为野生鹤的数量正在减少，许多其他物种正处于灭绝的边缘。A. list列表，清单；B. rise增加；C. agenda计划(表)；D. decline下降。根据句中“many other species are on the verge of extinction”可推知，前景堪忧，野生丹顶鹤的数量也在不断下降。on the decline“在逐渐下降”。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，不是每个人都意识到野生动物有思想，有感情，最重要的是，有平等的生存权利。 A. In contrast与此相反；B. After all毕竟；C. By the way顺便说说；D. On the contrary正相反。承接前文“because the population of the crane in the wild is on the…and many other species appear headed toward extinction”，用after all进一步解释说明为什么要付出更多努力。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们如何弥合人类与其他动物之间日益扩大的鸿沟? A. leave离开，留下；B. bridge 弥合(分歧)，消除(隔阂)；C. open打开；D. identify确定，认同。根据“the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals”可知，此处表示如何“弥合”人类与其他动物之间不断扩大的鸿沟。动词bridge意为“弥合，消除”。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Chris和Tim为我们提供了答案：人类理所当然地认为他们的大脑拥有所有的解决方案，但也许他们的心灵可以成为更好的向导。A. course课程，过程；B. excuse借口，理由；C. answer答复，回答；D. reward报酬，酬劳。根据上文的问题以及两位动物管理员的成功做法可知，他们二位给出了我们答案。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Chris和Tim为我们提供了答案：人类理所当然地认为他们的大脑拥有所有的解决方案，但也许他们的心灵可以成为更好的向导。A. guide向导，引导；B. treat款待，治疗；C. example例子，榜样；D. companion同伴，伙伴。根据所在句子的句意以及全文内容可知，在解决问题的过程中，大脑固然重要，但是全心全意地投入可能更能引导我们找到解决问题的方法。故选A。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese table tennis icon Ma Long ____36____ (receive) the Outstanding Sporting Career Award from the Association of National Olympic Committees (ANOC) on Wednesday, recognizing his exceptional ____37____ (achieve) and contributions to the sport. Ma, 36, ____38____ has competed in four Olympic Games ____39____ (continuous) since London 2012, has won six gold medals, becoming China’s ____40____ (decorated) Olympian. In the 2016 Rio Olympics, he clinched (敲定) his first singles gold, ____41____ (complete) a career Grand Slam. Five years later in Tokyo, he defended his title, becoming the first male table tennis player to claim back-to-back Olympic singles titles and achieving ____42____ status of the first “double Grand Slam” champion in the sport. “____43____ the past 21 years of my career has been a long journey indeed, I’m lucky because I found my ____44____ (passionate) —table tennis, at a young age and dreamed about competing on the Olympic stage one day. So I have always had this dream, been willing to give my all to this sport, and I’ve never ever given ______45______,” Ma said. 【答案】36. received 37. achievements 38. who 39. continuously 40 most decorated 41. completing 42. the 43. Though##Although##While 44. passion 45. up 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。周三，中国乒乓球偶像马龙获得了国家奥委会协会颁发的杰出体育生涯奖，以表彰他的杰出成就和对这项运动的贡献。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：周三，中国乒乓球偶像马龙获得了国家奥委会协会颁发的杰出体育生涯奖，以表彰他的杰出成就和对这项运动的贡献。根据on Wednesday可知为一般过去时，故填received。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：周三，中国乒乓球偶像马龙获得了国家奥委会协会颁发的杰出体育生涯奖，以表彰他的杰出成就和对这项运动的贡献。根据后文contributions可知应用名词achievement的复数形式。故填achievements。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：自2012年伦敦奥运会以来，36岁的马连续参加了四届奥运会，赢得了六枚金牌，成为中国获得奖牌最多的奥运选手。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Ma，在从句作主语，指人。故填who。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：自2012年伦敦奥运会以来，36岁的马连续参加了四届奥运会，赢得了六枚金牌，成为中国获得奖牌最多的奥运选手。修饰动词competed应用副词continuously，故填continuously。 【40题详解】 考查比较级。句意：自2012年伦敦奥运会以来，36岁的马连续参加了四届奥运会，赢得了六枚金牌，成为中国获得奖牌最多的奥运选手。根据上文可知应用最高级，在前面加most。故填most decorated。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在2016年里约奥运会上，他获得了个人首枚单打金牌，完成了职业生涯的大满贯。此处complete与he构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填completing。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：五年后的东京奥运会上，他捍卫了自己的头衔，成为第一个连续赢得奥运会单打冠军的男子乒乓球运动员，并实现了这项运动中第一个“双大满贯”冠军的地位。此处status为特指，应用定冠词。故填the。 【43题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：“虽然我过去21年的职业生涯确实是一段漫长的旅程，但我很幸运，因为我在年轻的时候就找到了我的激情——乒乓球，并梦想有一天能在奥运舞台上竞争。”引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用though或although或while，首字母大写。故填Though/Although/While。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：“虽然我过去21年的职业生涯确实是一段漫长的旅程，但我很幸运，因为我在年轻的时候就找到了我的激情——乒乓球，并梦想有一天能在奥运舞台上竞争。”作宾语，应用名词passion。故填passion。 【45题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：“所以我一直有这个梦想，愿意为这项运动付出我的一切，我从来没有放弃过，”马说。短语give up表示“放弃”。故填up。 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，你们学校正在举行 “My Dream Career”的征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，字数80左右，内容包括： 1. 理想的职业及选择的理由； 2. 如何为之做准备。 My Dream Career ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 My Dream Career I will choose a doctor as my ideal career in the future. Firstly, I became interested in medicine when I was young. Secondly, as a doctor, I can help many patients and even save their lives. Thirdly, there is still a lack of doctors in our country, which prevents lots of patients from receiving timely treatment. In order to realize my dream, I will study harder to get into a university. Especially, I will spend more time in learning Chemistry and Biology. After I graduate, I promise to be a good doctor. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于投稿征文。要求考生以My Dream Career为题参加学校英文征文比赛，介绍自己的理想职业、做出选择的原因及实现理想的准备。 【详解】1.词汇积累 理想的：ideal → perfect 首先：firstly → to begin with 许多：lots of →a number of 实现：realize→achieve 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： In order to realize my dream, I will study harder to get into a university. 拓展句：I will study harder to get into a university so that I can realize my dream. 【点睛】 [高分句型1] Firstly, I became interested in medicine when I was young.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型2] Thirdly, there is still a lack of doctors in our country, which prevents lots of patients from receiving timely treatment. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节 读后续写 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Arun, a young man, would start a job, do it for a few days and then start another. Many years had passed like this and he had not yet been able to settle down in any business. He was upset, thinking he was just incapable of doing anything well. One day, he happened to meet Maharaj, who was an old man well-known for his knowledge and wisdom. After listening to Arun’s problem, Maharaj invited him to his house. Maharaj took Aru n to his garden for a walk. While they were walking, Maharaj learned that Arun’s favorite fruit was mango. Maharaj pointed to a bag and asked Aru n to take out some mango seeds and bury them in the ground. Aru n quickly picked out some seeds and planted them in the soil. After doing this, Aru n got tired. Maharaj asked him to go inside his house to rest. About half an hour later, Maharaj said to Arun, “Go outside and see if fruits have come out of those seeds!” “But... how can fruits come out so soon? I just buried those seeds in the ground,” said Arun. Maharaj said they could wait for some time. Another half hour later, Maharaj asked Aru n to go outside again and see if fruits had come out of those seeds. Arun knew that nothing would have happened, yet he still went to check. Aru n returned quickly and said, “Nothing had happened. You are talking about fruits! Even the plants have not come out of those seeds yet.” “It seems that something is wrong!” Maharaj said. “OK, Arun, take out those seeds from there and bury them somewhere else.” Aru n was shocked but still did as asked. After some time, Maharaj said, “Arun, go outside and see. This time fruits must have come out.” Aru n returned with the same answer, “Nothing happened!” Aru n got impatient and said, “Can I go and rest now?” “No, wait... let’s try changing seeds this time. Fruits might come out this time,” said Maharaj. 注意：1.续写词数应为 150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Now, Aru n lost all his patience. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Arun felt ashamed and began to reflect. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Now, Arun lost all his patience. He said, “I can’t believe a knowledgeable person like you doesn’t know such a simple fact that after you plant a seed, it takes time for it to grow. You have to add fertilizer and water to the seed. You have to wait for a long time before you get the fruits.” Maharaj smiled, “Arun, this is what I want to tell you. It takes time to get any profit from what you do. You need to be patient.” Arun felt ashamed and began to reflect. He recalled that he had changed his jobs frequently instead of giving more patience while doing a certain job. A sense of regret washed over him. Though he realized his real problem, he felt at a loss in what business to settle down and was afraid that it was too late. Sensing his concern, Maharaj comforted, “Be patient! Maybe you can give gardening a try and see what will happen.” Aru n smiled and nodded firmly. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。阿伦总是频繁换工作，多年未安定。他沮丧认为自己一事无成。一日，他遇到智者马哈拉吉。马哈拉吉让阿伦种下芒果种子，并多次催促其查看是否结果，但无果。最后，马哈拉吉指出成长需要时间，暗示阿伦事业亦需耐心。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“现在，阿伦失去了所有的耐心。”可知，第一段可以描写阿伦失去耐心后，对智者说的话，和智者对他的提示。 ②由第二段句首内容“阿伦感到羞愧，开始反思。”可知，第二段可以描写阿伦的反思和智者进一步的指点。 2.续写线索：失去耐心—启告诉智者要等—指着点明—感到羞愧—反思—点拨 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①得到：get/ obtain ②回忆：recall/ recollect ③更换：change/ replace 情绪类 ①不敢相信：can’t believe/can hardly believe/ be unbelievable ②有耐心的： patient/ stick-to-itive 【点睛】【高分句型1】You have to wait for a long time before you get the fruits.( 运用了before引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】Arun, this is what I want to tell you. ( 运用了what引导的表语从句) 【高分句型3】It takes time to get any profit from what you do. (运用了what引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$