专题07 六选四句子还原（精选名校试题12篇）【考题猜想】-2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末考点大串讲（上海）

高二上学期期末考点大串讲（上海） 专题07 六选四句子还原精选10篇 （解析版） 01 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市黄浦区2023-2024学年高二上学期区统考期末英语试卷 Can Happiness Be Bought? There is a Web site called the “World Database of Happiness”. It combines and analyzes the results of hundreds of surveys from around the world that have been conducted on life satisfaction. Most of the findings are predictable, but a few are surprising. 1 It is quite common to say that money can’t buy happiness, but the old saying seems to be supported by research. Many people still stick to the belief that gaining riches will be the answer to all their problems, yet they are probably mistaken. Studies have been carried out on people who acquired sudden wealth, such as lottery winners. In most cases, after the initial joy had worn off, people were not left with a sense of lasting happiness. 2 Previously contented people continue to be contented, while those who were miserable before sink back into misery. If material wealth does not bring happiness, then what does? Perhaps happiness has something to do with where you live. The authorities at the World Database on Happiness have surveyed levels of happiness in different countries. Other surveys consistently point to the importance of relationships. 3 The Web site suggests that falling in love and having children are two of the situations that bring the greatest happiness. 4 People increasingly spend more time alone watching TV or surfing the Internet rather than spending time with family. Can technology truly make people happy? It is too difficult to tell, but one thing is sure: If the Web site’s research is accurate, time spent with your family is a better investment than time spent making money. A．In fact, they tended to return to the way they felt before they became rich. B．Nowadays people look to technology as an alternative source of satisfaction. C．Family relationships in particular seem to be the key to long-term contentment. D．You can’t buy happiness but it looks like you can at least inherit it, some researchers said. E．The database makes it clear that there is not a strong connection between material wealth and general contentment. F．An important implication is that personality traits of being outgoing and reliable provide a resource that drives future happiness. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“世界幸福数据库”中的数据表明，物质财富与总体满足感之间的联系并不强，即使人们突然暴富，他们的幸福感也不会持久，最终会回到暴富前的状态。文章指出，人际关系，特别是家庭关系，是长期满足的关键，虽然现在人们把科技看作是另一种满足的来源，但这一想法很难被证实。 1．前文“There is a Web site called the “World Database of Happiness”. It combines and analyzes the results of hundreds of surveys from around the world that have been conducted on life satisfaction. Most of the findings are predictable, but a few are surprising. (有一个网站叫做“世界幸福数据库”。它结合并分析了来自世界各地的数百项关于生活满意度的调查结果。大多数研究结果都在意料之中，但也有一些出人意料)”提到“世界幸福数据库”网站包含很多关于生活满意度的调查结果，后文“It is quite common to say that money can’t buy happiness, but the old saying seems to be supported by research. (人们普遍认为金钱买不到幸福，但这句老话似乎得到了研究的支持)”指出金钱买不到幸福的想法得到了研究支持，空处应该是数据库中的结果揭示了金钱和幸福之间联系不大，因此E项“The database makes it clear that there is not a strong connection between material wealth and general contentment. (该数据库清楚地表明，物质财富和总体满足感之间并没有很强的联系)”符合语境，承接前一段的内容，引出后文，其中的The database指代前文中的World Database of Happiness。故选E。 2．前文“In most cases, after the initial joy had worn off, people were not left with a sense of lasting happiness. (在大多数情况下，最初的快乐消失后，人们并没有留下持久的幸福感)”提到突然暴富的人通常不会有持久的幸福感，后文“Previously contented people continue to be contented, while those who were miserable before sink back into misery. (以前很满足的人仍然很满足，而那些以前很痛苦的人又回到了痛苦中)”具体说明满足的人仍然满足，痛苦的人仍然痛苦，空处应该是总的说明这些人会回到之前的感觉，因此A项“In fact, they tended to return to the way they felt before they became rich. (事实上，他们往往会回到富有之前的感觉)”符合语境，承上启下。故选A。 3．前文“The authorities at the World Database on Happiness have surveyed levels of happiness in different countries. Other surveys consistently point to the importance of relationships. (世界幸福数据库的权威人士调查了不同国家的幸福水平。其他调查也一致指出了人际关系的重要性)”指出人际关系会影响幸福水平，后文“The Web site suggests that falling in love and having children are two of the situations that bring the greatest happiness. (该网站指出，恋爱和生儿育女是能带来最大幸福的两件事)”指出恋爱和生儿育女最能带来幸福感，空处应该和人际关系中的家庭关系的重要性相关，因此C项“Family relationships in particular seem to be the key to long-term contentment. (尤其家庭关系似乎是令人能长久感到满足的关键)”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。 4．后文“People increasingly spend more time alone watching TV or surfing the Internet rather than spending time with family. Can technology truly make people happy? (人们越来越多地花时间独自看电视或上网，而不是花时间与家人在一起。科技真的能让人幸福吗)”指出人们花更多时间独自看电视或上网，并提问科技是否可以带来幸福，空处应该和科技与幸福之间的关系有关，因此B项“Nowadays people look to technology as an alternative source of satisfaction. (现在人们把科技看作是另一种满足的来源)”符合语境，引出后文，其中的technology在后文有同词复现。故选B。 02 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市上海中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 What Makes a Nobel Laureate? Are there any predictors that point to who will be selected as Nobel laureates? Is brilliance in childhood a predictor? When the 2006 chemistry laureate, Roger Kornberg, was asked what he wanted for Christmas, he said, “A week in the lab.” 5 . Mario Capecchi (medicine, 2007) was an abandoned child on the streets of wartime Italy. 6 . Five of Enrico Fermi’s (physics, 1938) postdoctoral students went on to win the Nobel Prize. Otto Warburg (medicine, 1931) advised an American doctoral student, “If you wish to become a scientist, you must ask a successful scientist to accept you in his laboratory.” Experts often recommend that people specialize in one field of work or research to maximize their chances of success. 7 If you look at the careers of Nobel Prize winners, you’ll find that they are unusually likely to be “creative polymaths.” That is, they purposely integrate formal and informal expertise from widely varied disciplines to yield new and useful ideas and practices. There remains one quality that is essential. It is what Leon Lederman (physics, 1988) called “compulsive dedication.” 8 . Take Marie Curie (physics, 1903; chemistry, 1911) and her husband Pierre (physics, 1903). The Curies were assigned a shed with a leaking roof and a dirt floor, where they worked for years, freezing in winter and sweltering in summer. “And yet,” Marie Curie wrote in her biography of her husband, “it was in this miserable old shed that the best and happiest years of our life were spent, entirely dedicated to work.” A．What distinguishes Nobel laureates is passion for their work, work that engages their hearts as well as their heads. B．But early privilege is not essential. C．The typical Nobel laureate in science is a male born into a middle-class family. D．In many Nobel laureates’ autobiographies, they pay tribute to an outstanding mentor. E．In fact, Nobel laureates are mostly down-to-earth and discreet. F．Yet recently published researches indicate that successful innovators take a broader path. 【答案】5．B 6．D 7．F 8．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就得诺贝尔奖的条件展开说明，列举了诺贝尔奖得主的一些特性。 5．根据上文“Is brilliance in childhood a predictor? When the 2006 chemistry laureate, Roger Kornberg, was asked what he wanted for Christmas, he said, “A week in the lab.”(童年时期的聪明才智是一种预测因素吗？当2006年化学奖得主罗杰·科恩伯格被问到他想要什么圣诞礼物时，他说：“在实验室里呆上一周。”)”以及后文“Mario Capecchi (medicine, 2007) was an abandoned child on the streets of wartime Italy.(马里奥·卡佩基（医学，2007）是战时意大利街头的一个被遗弃的孩子)”可知，后文马里奥·卡佩基的例子表明，小时候是个被遗弃的孩子，从而说明了小时候环境优越并不是可以预测得诺贝尔奖的因素，本句与上文构成转折关系。故B选项“但是早期特权不是必要的”符合语境，故选B。 6．根据后文“Five of Enrico Fermi’s (physics, 1938) postdoctoral students went on to win the Nobel Prize. Otto Warburg (medicine, 1931) advised an American doctoral student, “If you wish to become a scientist, you must ask a successful scientist to accept you in his laboratory.”(恩里科·费米（物理学，1938年）的五个博士后学生后来获得了诺贝尔奖。Otto Warburg（医学，1931年）对一位美国博士生说：“如果你想成为一名科学家，你必须让一位成功的科学家接受你进入他的实验室。”)”可知，后文提到恩里科·费米（物理学，1938年）的五个博士后学生后来获得了诺贝尔奖，即可推知恩里科·费米是这五个诺贝尔奖得主的导师。故D选项“在许多诺贝尔奖得主的自传中，他们赞扬一位杰出的导师”符合语境，故选D。 7．根据上文“Experts often recommend that people specialize in one field of work or research to maximize their chances of success.(专家们经常建议人们专注于一个领域的工作或研究，以最大限度地提高他们成功的机会)”以及后文“If you look at the careers of Nobel Prize winners, you’ll find that they are unusually likely to be “creative polymaths.” That is, they purposely integrate formal and informal expertise from widely varied disciplines to yield new and useful ideas and practices.(如果你看看诺贝尔奖得主的职业生涯，你会发现他们非常有可能是“有创造力的博学家”。也就是说，他们有意地整合来自广泛不同学科的正式和非正式的专业知识，以产生新的和有用的想法和实践)”可知，后文提到诺贝尔奖得主整合来自广泛不同学科的专业知识。由此可知，本句与上文专注于一个领域的工作或研究构成转折，指出要多方面发展。故F选项“然而，最近发表的研究表明，成功的创新者走的是更广阔的道路”符合语境，故选F。 8．根据后文“Take Marie Curie (physics, 1903; chemistry, 1911) and her husband Pierre (physics, 1903). The Curies were assigned a shed with a leaking roof and a dirt floor, where they worked for years, freezing in winter and sweltering in summer. “And yet,” Marie Curie wrote in her biography of her husband, “it was in this miserable old shed that the best and happiest years of our life were spent, entirely dedicated to work.”(比如玛丽·居里（物理学，1903年;化学，1911）和她的丈夫皮埃尔（物理学，1903）。居里夫妇被分配到一个屋顶漏水、地面肮脏的棚子里，他们在那里工作了好几年，冬天冻得要命，夏天闷热难耐。“然而，”玛丽·居里在她丈夫的传记中写道，“我们一生中最美好的、最快乐的时光，就是在这个悲惨的老棚子里度过的，我们把全部精力都投入到了工作中。”)”可知，后文居里夫人和丈夫的例子表明，他们把全部精力都投入到了工作中，对工作充满热情。故A选项“诺贝尔奖得主的与众不同之处在于他们对工作的热情，这种工作既投入了他们的头脑，也投入了他们的心灵”符合语境，故选A。 03 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题 Chronobiologists (时间生物学家) are interested in what is known as the circadian (生理节奏的) rhythm. This is the complete cycle our bodies are naturally made to undergo within the passage of a twenty-four-hour day. Aside from sleeping at night and waking during the day, each cycle involves many factors. Not everyone has an identical circadian rhythm. 9 10 Recent therapeutic developments for humans such as artificial light machines and melatonin administration can reset our circadian rhythms, for example, but our bodies can tell the difference and health suffers when we break these natural rhythms for extended periods of time. Knowledge of chronobiological patterns can have many realistic implications for our day-to-day lives. While contemporary living can sometimes appear to overcome biology— 11 —keeping in the same pace with our body clock is important. After-dinner coffees are becoming more of a tradition, but to prepare for a good night’s sleep we are better off putting the brakes on caffeine consumption as early as 3 p.m. With a seven hour half-life, a cup of coffee containing 90 mg of caffeine taken at this hour could still leave 45 mg of caffeine in your nervous system at ten o’clock that evening. Evenings are important for winding down before sleep; however, dietitian Geraldine Georgeou warns that an after-five-fast is more cultural myth than chronobiological demand. 12 However, overloading your gut could lead to indigestion. Our digestive tracts do not shut down for the night entirely, but their work slows to a crawl as our bodies prepare for sleep. Consuming a modest snack should be entirely sufficient. A．This will deprive your body of vital energy needs. B．This disorients your circadian rhythm and puts your body in full mode. C．It is essential that, by the time you are ready to sleep, your body is rid of all traces. D．Scientists have limited abilities to create durable modifications of chronobiological demands. E．Night people, for example, find it hard to operate during the morning, but become alert by evening. F．After all, who needs circadian rhythms when we have caffeine pills and cities that never sleep? 【答案】9．E 10．D 11．F 12．A 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了时间生物学是一个研究领域，了解时间生物学模式可以对我们的日常生活产生许多现实影响。但是科学家对时间生物学需求进行持久修改的能力是有限的。 9．上文“Aside from sleeping at night and waking during the day, each cycle involves many factors. Not everyone has an identical circadian rhythm.(除了晚上睡觉和白天醒来之外，每个周期还涉及许多因素。并非每个人都有相同的昼夜节律。)”提到并不是每个人都有相同的昼夜规律，除了晚上睡觉和白天醒来之外，还有其他的昼夜规律，E项“例如，夜猫子在早上很难行动，但到了晚上就会变得警觉。”符合，举例子说明并不是每个人都有相同的昼夜规律，故选E。 10．下文“Recent therapeutic developments for humans such as artificial light machines and melatonin administration can reset our circadian rhythms, for example, but our bodies can tell the difference and health suffers when we break these natural rhythms for extended periods of time.(例如，最近针对人类的治疗发展，如人造光机和褪黑激素管理，可以重置我们的昼夜节律，但我们的身体可以分辨出差异，当我们长时间打破这些自然节律时，健康就会受到影响)”举例说明科学家可以重置我们的昼夜节律，但是长时间打破这些自然节律时，健康就会受到影响，这说明科学家对时间生物学需求进行持久修改的能力是有限的。D项“科学家对时间生物学需求进行持久修改的能力有限。”符合，故选D。 11．根据上文“While contemporary living can sometimes appear to overcome biology(虽然当代生活有时似乎可以克服生物学)”和破折号可知，空处介绍说明上文内容，即与上文所表达意思相同，介绍现代生活有时可以克服生物学，F项“毕竟，当我们有咖啡因药丸和不眠之城时，谁还需要昼夜节律呢？”符合，举例子说明现代生活中有咖啡因药丸和不眠之城，这能克服生物学，故选F。 12．上文“Evenings are important for winding down before sleep; however, dietitian Geraldine Georgeou warns that an after-five-fast is more cultural myth than chronobiological demand.(晚上对于睡前放松很重要。然而，营养师杰拉尔丁·乔治警告说，五点后禁食更多的是文化神话，而不是时间生物学的要求。)”指出五点后禁食不符合生物学要求，即这种做法不合理，空处承接上文，解释为什么五点后禁食是不合理的，A项“这将剥夺您身体的重要能量需求。”符合，this代指上文提到的after-five-fast，故选A。 04 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市崇明区横沙中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 How to Become a Scientist Here is some advice for students who think they might like to become scientists. Become an observer. One of the most important things you can do to become a good scientist is to practice watching everything carefully. Find a comfortable chair and put it in the middle of your garden or a park. Sit in the chair for thirty minutes or an hour. Watch the insects that fly past or land on the plants. Look at the shapes of leaves and branches. Listen to the sounds of insects. 13 Use a microscope to look closely at interesting objects. Learn everything you can about a topic that interests you. Suppose you’d like to explore flowers by using a microscope. Go to the library and check out some flower books. See what you can find on the Internet. Pick some flowers and carefully take them apart. 14 The more you know about flowers from reading about them and observing them, the more you’ll understand when you look at them with a microscope. Ask for help from a knowledgeable person. After you’ve learned everything you can on your own, ask someone else to help with questions you still have. Maybe there’s someone at a nearby school or museum who knows about insects, spiders, or something else you’d like to learn about. 15 Find a scientist to talk to or find a place where scientific research is being done. If you still want to learn more, you can find a scientist to talk to at a nearby university, or research station. 16 Explain what you’re interested in. Ask if you can schedule a time to visit. Most scientists are happy to talk to students who share their passion for science. A．You may go to seek answers from him. B．Write a letter or an e-mail message to the scientist. C．Research your questions using the Internet or library. D．See if you can find a sight or sound that surprises you. E．Use a microscope to see how everything fits together. F．Being a scientist is time-consuming and mentally demanding. 【答案】13．D 14．E 15．A 16．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要为想成为科学家的学生提出了几点建议。 13．上文“Look at the shapes of leaves and branches. Listen to the sounds of insects.”（看树叶和树枝的形状。听听昆虫的声音。）建议看看树叶的形状，听听昆虫发出的声音；下文“Use a microscope to look closely at interesting objects.”（使用显微镜仔细观察有趣的物体。）指出用显微镜近距离观察这些有趣的事物。D项See if you can find a sight or sound that surprises you.（看看你是否能找到一个让你惊讶的景象或声音。）符合语境，起到承上启下的作用，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 14．上文“Pick some flowers and carefully take them apart.”（摘一些花，小心地把它们拆开。）提到摘一些花并小心地把花分开。以及下文“The more you know about flowers from reading about them and observing them, the more you’ll understand when you look at them with a microscope.”（你通过阅读和观察对花了解得越多，当你用显微镜观察它们时，你就会了解得越多。）说明当你用显微镜观察它们时，你就会了解得越多。E项Use a microscope to see how everything fits together.（用显微镜看看这些东西是如何组合在一起的。）承上启下，下文进一步具体解释此行为。上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选E项。 15．根据上文“Maybe there’s someone at a nearby school or museum who knows about insects, spiders, or something else you’d like to learn about.”（也许附近的学校或博物馆里有人了解昆虫、蜘蛛或其他你想了解的东西。）可知，在附近的学校和博物馆里会有一些知识广博的人，结合该段第一句“Ask for help from a knowledgeable person.”（向有知识的人寻求帮助。）可知，向这些人咨询你会得到答案。A项You may go to seek answers from him.（你可以去问他答案。）符合此推断，与该段主旨一致，上下文紧密连接。故选A项。 16．上文“If you still want to learn more, you can find a scientist to talk to at a nearby university, or research station.”（如果你还想了解更多，你可以在附近的大学或研究站找一位科学家谈谈。）提到找一位科学家交流。下文“Explain what you’re interested in. Ask if you can schedule a time to visit. Most scientists are happy to talk to students who share their passion for science”（说明你对什么感兴趣。询问你是否可以安排一个时间去拜访。大多数科学家都乐于与对科学有同样热情的学生交谈。）指出向他们说明你感兴趣的事，问他们你是否可以拜访他们。B项Write a letter or an e-mail message to the scientist.（给科学家写一封信或电子邮件。）符合语境，通过写信或发电子邮件联系科学家，询问是否可以亲自拜访，scientist是关键词。故选B项。 05 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 What life will be in 2050? It’s hard to say definitively what life will be like in 2050. However, we can make some educated guesses based on the trends that are happening now. For instance, it’s likely that technology will play an even greater role in our lives than it does now. We might have flying cars, or robots to do our household chores. The world population is projected to reach 9.7 billion by 2050, so resources may be strained. People may live in smaller homes or even underground to conserve space and energy. We may also see drastic changes in the way we get our food. With advances in technology, it’s possible that we’ll be able to create artificial meat or grow food in laboratories. In 2050, many aspects of our life will be very different from what they are now. People’s lives, the environment, transportation, and education all change at a new level. 17 People will have more transportation options as a result of scientific progress. Solar-powered, wind- powered automobiles that are less harmful to the environment will become available and utilized. Anyone will be able to visit other planets using modern technology. As flying cars become more common, cities will need to adapt by building more vertical infrastructure like skyports. These multi-level buildings would be used for takeoffs and landings, and could also include shopping, dining and entertainment options. 18 And with the help of upcoming technology, we may not need formal schooling anymore. You would be able to learn anything you want from the comfort of your home with online teachers. The schedule will be more optional for you to choose as long as it meets your needs and timeframes. There will be a lot of new jobs born to serve the development of society. And if you are good at using social media, you can be an online celebrity and make a lot of money. You can also choose to be a full-time housewife and take care of your family if you want. 19 Rockefeller University mathematical biologist Joel Cohen predicts that by 2050, the world will be majority urban dwellers with a high average age. In contrast, U.S. cities theorist Richard Florida believes that urbanization trends will result in a work-from-home economy and do away with divisions between home and work life. Other experts interviewed by Popular Mechanics envision a future in which solar energy is ubiquitous, 3-D printing has replaced traditional manufacturing and everyone has a personal assistant in the form of an AI. However, there are also some reasons to be pessimistic about the future. The world will be a more dangerous place in 2050. Global warming will cause rising sea levels and extreme weather conditions that will make life difficult for people around the world. 20 A．As technology continues to develop, so does the concern for environment. B．By 2050, everyone will be able to afford higher education. C．In addition, there will be new diseases that we have not yet seen. D．In general, life in 2050 is more convenient, more comfortable and more fun. E．There are some grounds for optimism in this scenario. F．As a result, we will have a lot of health problems. 【答案】17．E 18．B 19．D 20．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对2050年未来生活的一些猜测。 17．上文“In 2050, many aspects of our life will be very different from what they are now. People’s lives, the environment, transportation, and education all change at a new level.(到2050年，我们生活的许多方面将与现在大不相同。人们的生活、环境、交通和教育都在一个新的水平上发生了变化。)”提到了对2050年未来生活的一些其概况，选项E中in this scenario是关键词意思是“在这种情况下”与上文内容呼应，所以E选项“在这种情况下，有一些乐观的理由。”符合语境。故选E项。 18．下文“And with the help of upcoming technology, we may not need formal schooling anymore. You would be able to learn anything you want from the comfort of your home with online teachers. The schedule will be more optional for you to choose as long as it meets your needs and timeframes.在即将到来的技术的帮助下，我们可能不再需要正规的学校教育了。(你可以在舒适的家中与在线老师一起学习任何你想要的东西。只要满足你的需求和时间范围，你可以选择更多的日程安排。)”提到了未来的教育问题，选项B中education是关键词，呼应下文，所以B选项“到2050年，每个人都能负担得起更高等的教育。”符合语境。故选B项。 19．上文“And if you are good at using social media, you can be an online celebrity and make a lot of money. You can also choose to be a full-time housewife and take care of your family if you want.(如果你善于使用社交媒体，你可以成为网红，赚很多钱。如果你愿意，你也可以选择做一个全职家庭主妇，照顾你的家人。)”提到了未来生活中的各种岗位，选项D中In general是关键词，总结上文内容，所以D选项“总的来说，2050年的生活更方便、更舒适、更有趣。”符合语境。故选D项。 20．上文“The world will be a more dangerous place in 2050. Global warming will cause rising sea levels and extreme weather conditions that will make life difficult for people around the world.(到2050年，世界将变得更加危险。全球变暖将导致海平面上升和极端天气条件，这将使世界各地的人们生活困难。)”提到了未来人类面临的一些危险，选项C中new diseases是关键词，呼应上文。疾病也是未来的危险之一，所以C选项“此外，还会出现我们尚未见过的新疾病。”符合语境。故选C项。 06 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市晋元高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末测试英语试题 Distance or Face-to-Face Learning: What’s the Difference? Although many people think it is a modern phenomenon, distance learning has been around for at least 200 years in one form or another. When comparing the two systems, the first and most obvious area to focus on is the way that learning is delivered. Distance learning is heavily dependent on technology, particularly the internet. 21 In comparison, when learning remotely, technology is the principal means of communication. The flexibility this provides means that students may be better able to learn at their own pace, following their own timetable, but it may also mean that learners have to be well-organized and self-disciplined. They must therefore be highly motivated in order to do well on the distance-learning courses. 22 . Namely, the teacher is the “knower”, and is responsible for helping students understand the key components of the course. However, the nature of the relationship may differ slightly within the two modes of delivery. With face-to-face learning, the teacher and student have the opportunity to develop a personal relationship through lectures, seminars and tutorials. This is different from a distance-learning course, where the teacher may seldom or indeed never actually meet the student. This may make it hard for teachers to understand their learners’ specific learning needs. 23 . Generally, students like to meet regularly and talk to people on the same course. However, this kind of interaction on a distance-learning course is less common. Although people can increasingly interact through online conversations and message boards, there is a significant difference between virtual and real interaction. Time and geography must also be considered when contrasting these two types of learning. Face-to-face learning must take place in real time and in one location. 24 . In conclusion, it is difficult to state whether one form of learning is better than another, as they cater for different audiences. What is important to understand is the different ways in which they operate, and that there are strong similarities between the two systems, which can both produce positive results. A．Historical examples of long-distance learning include students being sent a series of weekly lessons by post. B．On the contrary, distance learning can happen at any time and in any location, since the learning is not restricted by geography. C．On a face-to-face course, students may only require a computer for the purpose of writing an essay. D．The technological advances of the past 20 or so years have meant that distance learning is now able to rival face-to-face learning as a credible alternative. E．For many students, interaction with their peers is one of the best aspects of university education. F．In terms of the teacher-student relationship, the core principles remain the same. 【答案】21．D 22．F 23．E 24．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。从三个方面介绍了远程学习和面对面学习的不同点。 21．前文“Distance learning is heavily dependent on technology, particularly the internet. (远程教育在很大程度上依赖于技术，尤其是互联网)”介绍远程教育依赖互联网的事实。后文“In comparison, when learning remotely, technology is the principal means of communication. (比之下，远程学习时，技术是主要的交流手段)”介绍远程教育，技术是关键的事实。结合选项，D项“The technological advances of the past 20 or so years have meant that distance learning is now able to rival face-to-face learning as a credible alternative.(过去20年左右的技术进步意味着，作为一种可靠的选择，远程学习现在已经能够与面对面的学习相媲美)”承上启下，都是在强调技术的进步对远程学习的重要作用和意义：技术的进步使得远程学习可以和面对面的学习相媲美。故选D。 22．分析篇章结构，空处应为本段中心句。后文“Namely, the teacher is the “knower”, and is responsible for helping students understand the key components of the course. However, the nature of the relationship may differ slightly within the two modes of delivery. (也就是说，老师是“知者”，负责帮助学生理解课程的关键部分。然而，在两种交付模式中，这种关系的性质可能略有不同)”介绍老师和学生之间是怎样的关系以及远程学习和面对面学习情况下，师生关系可能的变化。结合选项，F项“In terms of the teacher-student relationship, the core principles remain the same.(在师生关系方面，核心原则保持不变)”同样是介绍师生关系，不管学习形式如何变化，但是核心原则不变。引起下文。故选F。 23．分析篇章结构，空处应为本段中心句。根据后文“Generally, students like to meet regularly and talk to people on the same course. owever, this kind of interaction on a distance-learning course is less common.(一般来说，学生们喜欢定期见面，和同一门课的人交谈。然而，这种互动在远程学习课程中并不常见)”介绍面对面学习和远程学习对学生互动的影响。结合选项，E项“For many students, interaction with their peers is one of the best aspects of university education.(对许多学生来说，与同龄人互动是大学教育中最好的方面之一)”总领本段，学生之间的互动性是教育的最好的一方面。引起下文，后文介绍两种学习方式对学生互动的影响。故选E。 24．前文“Face-to-face learning must take place in real time and in one location. (面对面的学习必须在一个地点实时进行)”介绍面对面学习必须在某个地点进行。结合选项，B项“On the contrary, distance learning can happen at any time and in any location, since the learning is not restricted by geography.(相反，远程学习可以发生在任何时间和任何地点，因为学习不受地理限制)”介绍远程学习时，交流是不受地点限制的。与前文形成对照关系。故选B。 07 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市浦东区南汇中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末练习英语 In Helping Others, You Help Yourself With more than 500,000 registered nonprofits currently operating in China, there are endless opportunities to make a positive impact in your community. Whether you volunteer in an organization that specializes in social services or animal welfare, there are various benefits that come with the act of volunteerism. 25 It is good for the community. 26 By doing volunteering activities together with your neighbors and friends, you are more likely to obtain a sense of unity. When you help someone, they will be more likely to help you. 95% of volunteers feel that they are helping to make their community a better place. It makes you happy and reduces stress. One result of this positive impact on the community? People feel happier and a greater sense of purpose in life. 94% of them report that volunteering improves their mood, and 96% of them report more willingness to live with aims. Moreover, the statistics also show volunteering could help relieve stress, which contributes to the reconstruction of their inner sense of pride and the outward connections with others. 27 It keeps you healthy. Good mood + Less stress = Better health 76% of them report feeling physically healthier after volunteering. Volunteering can help those who are dealing with health issues. About one in four volunteers say that it helps them manage a chronic illness. 28 Volunteering can also help people cultivate what they need in order to thrive in the workplace. Among those who say that volunteering has helped their careers: 87% report that volunteering has upgraded their people and teamwork skills. 75% feel that it has taught them about time management . A．Check out what those who have volunteered in the past 12 months have to say about the feeling: B．In fact, compared with non-volunteers, 76% of the volunteers report higher levels of self-esteem and richer interpersonal relationships. C．People who are comparatively less willing to volunteer their time and energy to community activities are found to be less happy. D．Make a tangible impact while engaging and connecting with people in the community you might not otherwise meet. E．It develops professional skills. F．It fosters one’s desire for power. 【答案】25．A 26．D 27．B 28．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过例举志愿服务的好处阐述了帮助别人就是帮助自己。 25．根据上文“Whether you volunteer in an organization that specializes in social services or animal welfare, there are various benefits that come with the act of volunteerism.(无论你是在专门从事社会服务或动物福利的组织做志愿者，志愿服务都有各种各样的好处。)”和下文中的段落小标题可知，空处承上启下，说明人们对志愿服务的感受。A项：Check out what those who have volunteered in the past 12 months have to say about the feeling:(看看那些在过去12个月里做过志愿者的人是怎么说这种感觉的)符合语境。故选A。 26．根据下文“By doing volunteering activities together with your neighbors and friends, you are more likely to obtain a sense of unity. (通过与你的邻居和朋友一起做志愿活动，你更有可能获得一种团结的感觉。)”可知，在社区做志愿者能遇到很多同一社区里的人并产生影响——让社区更团结。D项：Make a tangible impact while engaging and connecting with people in the community you might not otherwise meet.(在社区中与你可能不常遇到的人接触和联系时，产生切实的影响。)符合语境。故选D。 27．根据上文“Moreover, the statistics also show volunteering could help relieve stress, which contributes to the reconstruction of their inner sense of pride and the outward connections with others.( 此外，统计数据还显示，志愿服务可以帮助缓解压力，这有助于重建他们内心的自豪感和与他人的外部联系。)”可知，志愿服务帮助人们重建自豪感和拥有良好的人际关系。B项中的“higher levels of self-esteem”与“inner sense of pride ”对应，“richer interpersonal relationships”和“the outward connections with others ”对应。B项：In fact, compared with non-volunteers, 76% of the volunteers report higher levels of self-esteem and richer interpersonal relationships.(事实上，与非志愿者相比，76%的志愿者报告自尊水平更高，人际关系更丰富。)符合语境。故选B。 28．空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Volunteering can also help people cultivate what they need in order to thrive in the workplace.(志愿服务还可以帮助人们培养他们在职场中茁壮成长所需要的东西。)”可知，本段主要讲述志愿服务对人们工作的好处。E项：It develops professional skills.(培养专业技能。)符合语境。故选E。 08 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 Why should mankind explore space? Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. What prompted our distant ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? 29 . The wider the distribution of a species, the better its chance of survival. Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be located. Additional resources are always beneficial when used wisely, and can increase our chances of survival. Knowledge or techniques acquired through exploration, or preparing to explore, filter from the developers into society at large. 30 . Also, we have already benefited from other by-products, including improvements in earthquake prediction — which has saved many lives —  in satellites used for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick saucepans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products of technological developments in the space industry! 31 . The chances of a large comet hitting the Earth are small, but it could happen in time. Such strikes in the past may account for the extinction of dinosaurs and other species. Human technology is reaching the point where it might be able to detect the possibility of this happening, and enable us to minimize the damage, or prevent it completely, allowing us as a species to avoid extinction. In certain circumstances, life on Earth may become impossible: over-population or wide spread diseases, for instance, might eventually force us to find other places to live. While the earth is the only planet known to sustain life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to inhabit other planets and moons. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future. 32 . A．The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. B．Space allows us to expand and succeed: for the sake of everyone on the earth, now and in the future, space exploration is essential. C．The mysterious space objects varying in size have been fascinated scientists and scholars for years. D．It appears that we are driven to ensure the success and continuation of not just our own genes, but of the species as a whole. E．Therefore it still poses a problem for us human beings whether to explore the space at the cost of our own homelands. F．While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. 【答案】29．D 30．A 31．F 32．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述人类探索太空的原因和必要性。 29．根据上文“What prompted our distant ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? (是什么促使我们遥远的祖先从树上迁移到平原，并继续迁移到所有可能的地区和环境？)”和下文“The wider the distribution of a species, the better its chance of survival. (一个物种的分布越广，它的生存机会就越大。)”可知设空处应是回答上文，即物种会迁移的原因，所以D选项“似乎我们被驱使着不仅要确保我们自己基因的成功和延续，还要确保整个物种的成功和延续。”起到承上启下的作用，符合题意，故选D。 30．根据上文“Knowledge or techniques acquired through exploration, or preparing to explore, filter from the developers into society at large. (通过探索或准备探索而获得的知识或技术将从开发者那里渗透到整个社会中。)”可推断下文应是进一步说明这些知识或技术在社会中的作用，所以A项“这些技术可能在医学上有应用，可以延长我们的寿命或提高我们的生活质量。”符合题意，故选A。 31．根据下文“The chances of a large comet hitting the Earth are small, but it could happen in time. Such strikes in the past may account for the extinction of dinosaurs and other species. (大彗星撞击地球的几率很小，但迟早会发生。过去的这种撞击可能是恐龙和其他物种灭绝的原因。)”可推断上文应是说明宇宙的运行应该存在危险，故F选项“虽然太空中可能有许多关于宇宙如何形成或如何运作的奇迹和解释，但它也存在危险。”切题，故选F。 32．根据上文“While the earth is the only planet known to sustain life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to inhabit other planets and moons. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future. (虽然地球是已知的唯一能维持生命的行星，但人类的适应能力肯定能让我们在其他行星和卫星上居住。生活方式确实会有所不同，但人类的生活和文化在过去已经适应了，在未来肯定会适应。)”可知说的是探索探空的趋势和必要性，对探空探索进行总结，故B选项“太空使我们得以扩张和成功：为了地球上的每个人，现在和将来，太空探索是必不可少的。”符合语境，故选B。 09 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市青浦高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末线上质量检测英语试卷 “The worst gift is a fruitcake,” said Johnny Carson once in his popular TV show. “There’s only one fruitcake in the entire world, and people keep sending it to each other.” Most Chinese have never heard of Carson, a beloved American television host who died in 2005. 33 Mooncakes are often dense, cloyingly sweet — and, as Carson suggested, re-gifted. Chinese people usually eat them with their family members. They play a central role in celebrations of the traditional midautumn festival, a popular Chinese holiday that falls on September 10th. 34 Despite the outbreak of the pandemic, this year China is expected to produce 437,000 tones of mooncakes, according to iiMedia Research, a consultancy. Sales are likely to reach 24bn yuan ($3.5bn), up by 11.8% compared with last year. As most industries are gradually accustomed to functioning along with the pandemic, the mooncake industry, likewise, is now bouncing back to its pre-pandemic norms. Most bakeries and restaurants offer mooncakes in their traditional form, with a heavy crust that puts in fillings such as red-bean paste, egg yolks or lotus seed. But expensive fillings, such as shark’s fin and edible bird’s nest, are sometimes added. 35 Some people use these luxurious mooncake packages as a clever bribing way to buy themselves up the ladder towards fame and power. That has led to new concerns over corruption and is out of step with the government’s drive to reduce inequality and control ostentatious (炫耀的) wealth. Officials, therefore, have been inspecting mooncakes for sale in malls, supermarkets, hotels and restaurants. 36 Whoever sells a mooncake gift set for over 500 yuan must store the transaction data for 2 years in case of investigation. A．The media have published photos of stuff wearing uniforms on the hunt for overpackaged and overpriced mooncakes. B．However, the American host expressed his love for mooncakes on his show many times. C．The expensive materials, however, come from the animals under strict protection by law. D．But in the months leading up to the celebration, mooncakes have become the object of intense government inspection. E．Luxury hotels and designer brands have packaged these fancy mooncakes together with gold leaf, jade and expensive tea or liquor. F．Yet many would get his joke. China has its own fruitcake equivalent: mooncake. 【答案】33．F 34．D 35．E 36．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述中国中秋赠送月饼的习俗，现在月饼成了严查的对象，因为赠送昂贵的月饼礼盒是贿赂的一种方式。 33．根据上文““There’s only one fruitcake in the entire world, and people keep sending it to each other.” Most Chinese have never heard of Carson, a beloved American television host who died in 2005.(“全世界只有一个水果蛋糕，但人们一直在互相送。”大多数中国人从未听说过卡森，这位深受喜爱的美国电视主持人于2005年去世)”和下文“Mooncakes are often dense, cloyingly sweet — and, as Carson suggested, re-gifted. Chinese people usually eat them with their family members.( 月饼通常是浓稠的，甜得让人腻味——而且，正如卡森所说，是转赠的)”可知，设空处承上启下，有水果蛋糕引出下文话题月饼。由此可知，F选项“但很多人会理解他的笑话。中国也有自己的水果蛋糕：月饼。”符合语境。故选F。 34．根据上文“They play a central role in celebrations of the traditional midautumn festival, a popular Chinese holiday that falls on September 10th.(他们在9月10日的中国传统节日中秋节的庆祝活动中发挥着核心作用)”和下面三段可知，下文转到的话题是关于月饼成为一种受贿方式的介绍。此处上下文是转折关系。由此可知，D选项“但在庆祝活动前的几个月里，月饼已经成为政府严格检查的对象。”符合题意，故选D。 35．根据上文“But expensive fillings, such as shark’s fin and edible bird’s nest, are sometimes added.(但昂贵的馅料，如鱼翅和可食用的燕窝，有时也会加入)”和下文“Some people use these luxurious mooncake packages as a clever bribing way to buy themselves up the ladder towards fame and power.( 有些人用这些豪华的月饼包装作为一种聪明的贿赂方式，让自己获得名望和权力)”可知，设空处说的是月饼如何被包装成豪华的月饼，成为一种贿赂的方式的。由此可知，E选项“豪华酒店和设计师品牌将这些精美的月饼与金箔、玉石和昂贵的茶或酒一起包装。”符合语境，故选E。 36．根据上文“Officials, therefore, have been inspecting mooncakes for sale in malls, supermarkets, hotels and restaurants.(因此，官员们一直在检查商场、超市、酒店和餐馆销售的月饼)”可知，下文应该解释查找高价月饼的一些方式。由此可知，A选项“媒体刊登了一些穿着制服的人在寻找过度包装和定价过高的月饼的照片。”符合题意，紧密承接上文，故选A。 10 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市奉贤区致远高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末教学评估英语试题 Day of the Dead Here’s one thing we know: Día de los Muertos, or Day of the Dead, is not a Mexican version of Halloween. 37 Whereas Halloween embraces terror and mischief on the last night of October, Day of the Dead festivities unfold over the first two days of November in an explosion of color and life-affirming joy. Sure, the theme is death, but the point is to demonstrate love and respect for deceased family members. In towns and cities throughout Mexico, revelers(狂欢者) don(穿上) funky makeup and costumes, hold parades and parties, sing and dance, and make offerings to lost loved ones. Day of the Dead originated several thousand years ago with the Aztec, Toltec, and other Nahua people, who considered mourning the dead disrespectful. 38 The dead were still members of the community, kept alive in memory and spirit—and during Día de los Muertos, they temporarily returned to Earth. Today’s Día de los Muertos celebration is a mash-up(混聚) of pre-Hispanic religious rites and Christian feasts. It takes place on November 1 and 2—All Saints’ Day and All Souls’ Day on the Catholic calendar—around the time of the fall maize harvest. Cultural heritage is not just monuments and collections of objects. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) says that cultural heritage also includes living expressions of culture—traditions—passed down from generation to generation. 39 Today Mexicans from all religious and ethnic backgrounds celebrate Día de los Muertos, but at its core, the holiday is a reaffirmation of Indigenous(本土的) life. Day of the Dead is an extremely social holiday that spills into streets and public squares at all hours of the day and night. Dressing up as skeletons is part of the fun. People of all ages have their faces artfully painted to resemble skulls, and, mimicking the Calavera Catrina, they don suits and fancy dresses. 40 A．In 2008, UNESCO recognized the importance of Día de los Muertos by adding the holiday to its list of Intangible(无形的) Cultural Heritage of Humanity. B．Some families place their dead loved one’s favorite meal on the altar(祭坛). C．Though related, the two annual events differ greatly in traditions and tone. D．Many revelers wear shells or other noisemakers to fuel the excitement—and also possibly to rouse the dead and keep them close during the fun. E．Today, the calavera Catrina, or elegant skull, is the Day of the Dead’s most ubiquitous symbol. F．For these pre-Hispanic(前西班牙时期的) cultures, death was a natural phase in life’s long continuum. 【答案】37．C 38．F 39．A 40．D 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了墨西哥的亡灵节的习俗和相关文化知识。 37．下一句“Whereas Halloween embraces terror and mischief on the last night of October, Day of the Dead festivities unfold over the first two days of November in an explosion of color and life-affirming joy. ”（万圣节在10月的最后一个晚上充满了恐怖和恶作剧，而亡灵节的庆祝活动则在11月的头两天展开，充满了色彩的爆炸和肯定生命的欢乐。）指出了万圣节和亡灵节这两个一年一度的节日在传统习俗和节日基调上是不同的，而选项C（虽然相关，但这两个年度活动在传统和基调上有很大不同。）意思与之对应，下一句是对选项C的展开说明，二者衔接合理。故选C。 38．上一句“Day of the Dead originated several thousand years ago with the Aztec, Toltec, and other Nahua people, who considered mourning the dead disrespectful. ”提到了“亡灵节起源于几千年前的Azetc、Toltec和其他Nahua人，他们认为哀悼死者是不尊重的。”，与选项F中的“these pre-Hispanic(前西班牙时期的) cultures”相对应；下一句“The dead were still members of the community, kept alive in memory and spirit”指出了“死者仍然是社区的成员，在记忆和精神上仍然活着”，选项F中的“death was a natural phase in life’s long continuum.”（死亡是生命漫长连续体中的一个自然阶段。）与它意思衔接合理；故选项F起到了承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选F。 39．上一句“The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) says that cultural heritage also includes living expressions of culture—traditions—passed down from generation to generation.”中提到了“UNESCO说这种文化遗产还包括世代相传的文化传统的生动表现形式。”，选项A中接着指出了“UNESCO认识到亡灵节的重要性，将该节日列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。”，两句句意连续，衔接合理；选项A中的“In 2008”与下一句的“Today”也能够合理衔接，下一句中的“but at its core, the holiday is a reaffirmation of Indigenous(本土的) life.”（但从本质上讲，这个节日是对本土生活的重申）继续表明了今天亡灵节的本质，对上一句进行了进一步的引申，符合语境。故选A。 40．上一句“People of all ages have their faces artfully painted to resemble skulls, and, mimicking the Calavera Catrina, they don suits and fancy dresses.”（各个年龄段的人都把他们的脸巧妙地画成骷髅头的样子，并模仿Calavera Catrina，穿上西装和奇装异服。）描写了人们在节日期间的着装和打扮，选项D中“Many revelers wear shells or other noisemakers to fuel the excitement”（许多狂欢者戴着贝壳或其他噪音制造者来刺激气氛）继续描写了人们的打扮，意思衔接合理；同时，选项D中的“ during the fun.”与前文中的“Dressing up as skeletons is part of the fun”的“the fun”相对应，符合语境。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二上学期期末考点大串讲（上海） 专题07 六选四句子还原精选10篇 （原题版） 01 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市黄浦区2023-2024学年高二上学期区统考期末英语试卷 Can Happiness Be Bought? There is a Web site called the “World Database of Happiness”. It combines and analyzes the results of hundreds of surveys from around the world that have been conducted on life satisfaction. Most of the findings are predictable, but a few are surprising. 1 It is quite common to say that money can’t buy happiness, but the old saying seems to be supported by research. Many people still stick to the belief that gaining riches will be the answer to all their problems, yet they are probably mistaken. Studies have been carried out on people who acquired sudden wealth, such as lottery winners. In most cases, after the initial joy had worn off, people were not left with a sense of lasting happiness. 2 Previously contented people continue to be contented, while those who were miserable before sink back into misery. If material wealth does not bring happiness, then what does? Perhaps happiness has something to do with where you live. The authorities at the World Database on Happiness have surveyed levels of happiness in different countries. Other surveys consistently point to the importance of relationships. 3 The Web site suggests that falling in love and having children are two of the situations that bring the greatest happiness. 4 People increasingly spend more time alone watching TV or surfing the Internet rather than spending time with family. Can technology truly make people happy? It is too difficult to tell, but one thing is sure: If the Web site’s research is accurate, time spent with your family is a better investment than time spent making money. A．In fact, they tended to return to the way they felt before they became rich. B．Nowadays people look to technology as an alternative source of satisfaction. C．Family relationships in particular seem to be the key to long-term contentment. D．You can’t buy happiness but it looks like you can at least inherit it, some researchers said. E．The database makes it clear that there is not a strong connection between material wealth and general contentment. F．An important implication is that personality traits of being outgoing and reliable provide a resource that drives future happiness. 02 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市上海中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 What Makes a Nobel Laureate? Are there any predictors that point to who will be selected as Nobel laureates? Is brilliance in childhood a predictor? When the 2006 chemistry laureate, Roger Kornberg, was asked what he wanted for Christmas, he said, “A week in the lab.” 5 . Mario Capecchi (medicine, 2007) was an abandoned child on the streets of wartime Italy. 6 . Five of Enrico Fermi’s (physics, 1938) postdoctoral students went on to win the Nobel Prize. Otto Warburg (medicine, 1931) advised an American doctoral student, “If you wish to become a scientist, you must ask a successful scientist to accept you in his laboratory.” Experts often recommend that people specialize in one field of work or research to maximize their chances of success. 7 If you look at the careers of Nobel Prize winners, you’ll find that they are unusually likely to be “creative polymaths.” That is, they purposely integrate formal and informal expertise from widely varied disciplines to yield new and useful ideas and practices. There remains one quality that is essential. It is what Leon Lederman (physics, 1988) called “compulsive dedication.” 8 . Take Marie Curie (physics, 1903; chemistry, 1911) and her husband Pierre (physics, 1903). The Curies were assigned a shed with a leaking roof and a dirt floor, where they worked for years, freezing in winter and sweltering in summer. “And yet,” Marie Curie wrote in her biography of her husband, “it was in this miserable old shed that the best and happiest years of our life were spent, entirely dedicated to work.” A．What distinguishes Nobel laureates is passion for their work, work that engages their hearts as well as their heads. B．But early privilege is not essential. C．The typical Nobel laureate in science is a male born into a middle-class family. D．In many Nobel laureates’ autobiographies, they pay tribute to an outstanding mentor. E．In fact, Nobel laureates are mostly down-to-earth and discreet. F．Yet recently published researches indicate that successful innovators take a broader path. 03 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题 Chronobiologists (时间生物学家) are interested in what is known as the circadian (生理节奏的) rhythm. This is the complete cycle our bodies are naturally made to undergo within the passage of a twenty-four-hour day. Aside from sleeping at night and waking during the day, each cycle involves many factors. Not everyone has an identical circadian rhythm. 9 10 Recent therapeutic developments for humans such as artificial light machines and melatonin administration can reset our circadian rhythms, for example, but our bodies can tell the difference and health suffers when we break these natural rhythms for extended periods of time. Knowledge of chronobiological patterns can have many realistic implications for our day-to-day lives. While contemporary living can sometimes appear to overcome biology— 11 —keeping in the same pace with our body clock is important. After-dinner coffees are becoming more of a tradition, but to prepare for a good night’s sleep we are better off putting the brakes on caffeine consumption as early as 3 p.m. With a seven hour half-life, a cup of coffee containing 90 mg of caffeine taken at this hour could still leave 45 mg of caffeine in your nervous system at ten o’clock that evening. Evenings are important for winding down before sleep; however, dietitian Geraldine Georgeou warns that an after-five-fast is more cultural myth than chronobiological demand. 12 However, overloading your gut could lead to indigestion. Our digestive tracts do not shut down for the night entirely, but their work slows to a crawl as our bodies prepare for sleep. Consuming a modest snack should be entirely sufficient. A．This will deprive your body of vital energy needs. B．This disorients your circadian rhythm and puts your body in full mode. C．It is essential that, by the time you are ready to sleep, your body is rid of all traces. D．Scientists have limited abilities to create durable modifications of chronobiological demands. E．Night people, for example, find it hard to operate during the morning, but become alert by evening. F．After all, who needs circadian rhythms when we have caffeine pills and cities that never sleep? 04 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市崇明区横沙中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 How to Become a Scientist Here is some advice for students who think they might like to become scientists. Become an observer. One of the most important things you can do to become a good scientist is to practice watching everything carefully. Find a comfortable chair and put it in the middle of your garden or a park. Sit in the chair for thirty minutes or an hour. Watch the insects that fly past or land on the plants. Look at the shapes of leaves and branches. Listen to the sounds of insects. 13 Use a microscope to look closely at interesting objects. Learn everything you can about a topic that interests you. Suppose you’d like to explore flowers by using a microscope. Go to the library and check out some flower books. See what you can find on the Internet. Pick some flowers and carefully take them apart. 14 The more you know about flowers from reading about them and observing them, the more you’ll understand when you look at them with a microscope. Ask for help from a knowledgeable person. After you’ve learned everything you can on your own, ask someone else to help with questions you still have. Maybe there’s someone at a nearby school or museum who knows about insects, spiders, or something else you’d like to learn about. 15 Find a scientist to talk to or find a place where scientific research is being done. If you still want to learn more, you can find a scientist to talk to at a nearby university, or research station. 16 Explain what you’re interested in. Ask if you can schedule a time to visit. Most scientists are happy to talk to students who share their passion for science. A．You may go to seek answers from him. B．Write a letter or an e-mail message to the scientist. C．Research your questions using the Internet or library. D．See if you can find a sight or sound that surprises you. E．Use a microscope to see how everything fits together. F．Being a scientist is time-consuming and mentally demanding. 05 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 What life will be in 2050? It’s hard to say definitively what life will be like in 2050. However, we can make some educated guesses based on the trends that are happening now. For instance, it’s likely that technology will play an even greater role in our lives than it does now. We might have flying cars, or robots to do our household chores. The world population is projected to reach 9.7 billion by 2050, so resources may be strained. People may live in smaller homes or even underground to conserve space and energy. We may also see drastic changes in the way we get our food. With advances in technology, it’s possible that we’ll be able to create artificial meat or grow food in laboratories. In 2050, many aspects of our life will be very different from what they are now. People’s lives, the environment, transportation, and education all change at a new level. 17 People will have more transportation options as a result of scientific progress. Solar-powered, wind- powered automobiles that are less harmful to the environment will become available and utilized. Anyone will be able to visit other planets using modern technology. As flying cars become more common, cities will need to adapt by building more vertical infrastructure like skyports. These multi-level buildings would be used for takeoffs and landings, and could also include shopping, dining and entertainment options. 18 And with the help of upcoming technology, we may not need formal schooling anymore. You would be able to learn anything you want from the comfort of your home with online teachers. The schedule will be more optional for you to choose as long as it meets your needs and timeframes. There will be a lot of new jobs born to serve the development of society. And if you are good at using social media, you can be an online celebrity and make a lot of money. You can also choose to be a full-time housewife and take care of your family if you want. 19 Rockefeller University mathematical biologist Joel Cohen predicts that by 2050, the world will be majority urban dwellers with a high average age. In contrast, U.S. cities theorist Richard Florida believes that urbanization trends will result in a work-from-home economy and do away with divisions between home and work life. Other experts interviewed by Popular Mechanics envision a future in which solar energy is ubiquitous, 3-D printing has replaced traditional manufacturing and everyone has a personal assistant in the form of an AI. However, there are also some reasons to be pessimistic about the future. The world will be a more dangerous place in 2050. Global warming will cause rising sea levels and extreme weather conditions that will make life difficult for people around the world. 20 A．As technology continues to develop, so does the concern for environment. B．By 2050, everyone will be able to afford higher education. C．In addition, there will be new diseases that we have not yet seen. D．In general, life in 2050 is more convenient, more comfortable and more fun. E．There are some grounds for optimism in this scenario. F．As a result, we will have a lot of health problems. 06 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市晋元高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末测试英语试题 Distance or Face-to-Face Learning: What’s the Difference? Although many people think it is a modern phenomenon, distance learning has been around for at least 200 years in one form or another. When comparing the two systems, the first and most obvious area to focus on is the way that learning is delivered. Distance learning is heavily dependent on technology, particularly the internet. 21 In comparison, when learning remotely, technology is the principal means of communication. The flexibility this provides means that students may be better able to learn at their own pace, following their own timetable, but it may also mean that learners have to be well-organized and self-disciplined. They must therefore be highly motivated in order to do well on the distance-learning courses. 22 . Namely, the teacher is the “knower”, and is responsible for helping students understand the key components of the course. However, the nature of the relationship may differ slightly within the two modes of delivery. With face-to-face learning, the teacher and student have the opportunity to develop a personal relationship through lectures, seminars and tutorials. This is different from a distance-learning course, where the teacher may seldom or indeed never actually meet the student. This may make it hard for teachers to understand their learners’ specific learning needs. 23 . Generally, students like to meet regularly and talk to people on the same course. However, this kind of interaction on a distance-learning course is less common. Although people can increasingly interact through online conversations and message boards, there is a significant difference between virtual and real interaction. Time and geography must also be considered when contrasting these two types of learning. Face-to-face learning must take place in real time and in one location. 24 . In conclusion, it is difficult to state whether one form of learning is better than another, as they cater for different audiences. What is important to understand is the different ways in which they operate, and that there are strong similarities between the two systems, which can both produce positive results. A．Historical examples of long-distance learning include students being sent a series of weekly lessons by post. B．On the contrary, distance learning can happen at any time and in any location, since the learning is not restricted by geography. C．On a face-to-face course, students may only require a computer for the purpose of writing an essay. D．The technological advances of the past 20 or so years have meant that distance learning is now able to rival face-to-face learning as a credible alternative. E．For many students, interaction with their peers is one of the best aspects of university education. F．In terms of the teacher-student relationship, the core principles remain the same. 07 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市浦东区南汇中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末练习英语 In Helping Others, You Help Yourself With more than 500,000 registered nonprofits currently operating in China, there are endless opportunities to make a positive impact in your community. Whether you volunteer in an organization that specializes in social services or animal welfare, there are various benefits that come with the act of volunteerism. 25 It is good for the community. 26 By doing volunteering activities together with your neighbors and friends, you are more likely to obtain a sense of unity. When you help someone, they will be more likely to help you. 95% of volunteers feel that they are helping to make their community a better place. It makes you happy and reduces stress. One result of this positive impact on the community? People feel happier and a greater sense of purpose in life. 94% of them report that volunteering improves their mood, and 96% of them report more willingness to live with aims. Moreover, the statistics also show volunteering could help relieve stress, which contributes to the reconstruction of their inner sense of pride and the outward connections with others. 27 It keeps you healthy. Good mood + Less stress = Better health 76% of them report feeling physically healthier after volunteering. Volunteering can help those who are dealing with health issues. About one in four volunteers say that it helps them manage a chronic illness. 28 Volunteering can also help people cultivate what they need in order to thrive in the workplace. Among those who say that volunteering has helped their careers: 87% report that volunteering has upgraded their people and teamwork skills. 75% feel that it has taught them about time management . A．Check out what those who have volunteered in the past 12 months have to say about the feeling: B．In fact, compared with non-volunteers, 76% of the volunteers report higher levels of self-esteem and richer interpersonal relationships. C．People who are comparatively less willing to volunteer their time and energy to community activities are found to be less happy. D．Make a tangible impact while engaging and connecting with people in the community you might not otherwise meet. E．It develops professional skills. F．It fosters one’s desire for power. 08 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 Why should mankind explore space? Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. What prompted our distant ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? 29 . The wider the distribution of a species, the better its chance of survival. Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be located. Additional resources are always beneficial when used wisely, and can increase our chances of survival. Knowledge or techniques acquired through exploration, or preparing to explore, filter from the developers into society at large. 30 . Also, we have already benefited from other by-products, including improvements in earthquake prediction — which has saved many lives —  in satellites used for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick saucepans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products of technological developments in the space industry! 31 . The chances of a large comet hitting the Earth are small, but it could happen in time. Such strikes in the past may account for the extinction of dinosaurs and other species. Human technology is reaching the point where it might be able to detect the possibility of this happening, and enable us to minimize the damage, or prevent it completely, allowing us as a species to avoid extinction. In certain circumstances, life on Earth may become impossible: over-population or wide spread diseases, for instance, might eventually force us to find other places to live. While the earth is the only planet known to sustain life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to inhabit other planets and moons. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future. 32 . A．The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. B．Space allows us to expand and succeed: for the sake of everyone on the earth, now and in the future, space exploration is essential. C．The mysterious space objects varying in size have been fascinated scientists and scholars for years. D．It appears that we are driven to ensure the success and continuation of not just our own genes, but of the species as a whole. E．Therefore it still poses a problem for us human beings whether to explore the space at the cost of our own homelands. F．While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. 09 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市青浦高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末线上质量检测英语试卷 “The worst gift is a fruitcake,” said Johnny Carson once in his popular TV show. “There’s only one fruitcake in the entire world, and people keep sending it to each other.” Most Chinese have never heard of Carson, a beloved American television host who died in 2005. 33 Mooncakes are often dense, cloyingly sweet — and, as Carson suggested, re-gifted. Chinese people usually eat them with their family members. They play a central role in celebrations of the traditional midautumn festival, a popular Chinese holiday that falls on September 10th. 34 Despite the outbreak of the pandemic, this year China is expected to produce 437,000 tones of mooncakes, according to iiMedia Research, a consultancy. Sales are likely to reach 24bn yuan ($3.5bn), up by 11.8% compared with last year. As most industries are gradually accustomed to functioning along with the pandemic, the mooncake industry, likewise, is now bouncing back to its pre-pandemic norms. Most bakeries and restaurants offer mooncakes in their traditional form, with a heavy crust that puts in fillings such as red-bean paste, egg yolks or lotus seed. But expensive fillings, such as shark’s fin and edible bird’s nest, are sometimes added. 35 Some people use these luxurious mooncake packages as a clever bribing way to buy themselves up the ladder towards fame and power. That has led to new concerns over corruption and is out of step with the government’s drive to reduce inequality and control ostentatious (炫耀的) wealth. Officials, therefore, have been inspecting mooncakes for sale in malls, supermarkets, hotels and restaurants. 36 Whoever sells a mooncake gift set for over 500 yuan must store the transaction data for 2 years in case of investigation. A．The media have published photos of stuff wearing uniforms on the hunt for overpackaged and overpriced mooncakes. B．However, the American host expressed his love for mooncakes on his show many times. C．The expensive materials, however, come from the animals under strict protection by law. D．But in the months leading up to the celebration, mooncakes have become the object of intense government inspection. E．Luxury hotels and designer brands have packaged these fancy mooncakes together with gold leaf, jade and expensive tea or liquor. F．Yet many would get his joke. China has its own fruitcake equivalent: mooncake. 10 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市奉贤区致远高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末教学评估英语试题 Day of the Dead Here’s one thing we know: Día de los Muertos, or Day of the Dead, is not a Mexican version of Halloween. 37 Whereas Halloween embraces terror and mischief on the last night of October, Day of the Dead festivities unfold over the first two days of November in an explosion of color and life-affirming joy. Sure, the theme is death, but the point is to demonstrate love and respect for deceased family members. In towns and cities throughout Mexico, revelers(狂欢者) don(穿上) funky makeup and costumes, hold parades and parties, sing and dance, and make offerings to lost loved ones. Day of the Dead originated several thousand years ago with the Aztec, Toltec, and other Nahua people, who considered mourning the dead disrespectful. 38 The dead were still members of the community, kept alive in memory and spirit—and during Día de los Muertos, they temporarily returned to Earth. Today’s Día de los Muertos celebration is a mash-up(混聚) of pre-Hispanic religious rites and Christian feasts. It takes place on November 1 and 2—All Saints’ Day and All Souls’ Day on the Catholic calendar—around the time of the fall maize harvest. Cultural heritage is not just monuments and collections of objects. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) says that cultural heritage also includes living expressions of culture—traditions—passed down from generation to generation. 39 Today Mexicans from all religious and ethnic backgrounds celebrate Día de los Muertos, but at its core, the holiday is a reaffirmation of Indigenous(本土的) life. Day of the Dead is an extremely social holiday that spills into streets and public squares at all hours of the day and night. Dressing up as skeletons is part of the fun. People of all ages have their faces artfully painted to resemble skulls, and, mimicking the Calavera Catrina, they don suits and fancy dresses. 40 A．In 2008, UNESCO recognized the importance of Día de los Muertos by adding the holiday to its list of Intangible(无形的) Cultural Heritage of Humanity. B．Some families place their dead loved one’s favorite meal on the altar(祭坛). C．Though related, the two annual events differ greatly in traditions and tone. D．Many revelers wear shells or other noisemakers to fuel the excitement—and also possibly to rouse the dead and keep them close during the fun. E．Today, the calavera Catrina, or elegant skull, is the Day of the Dead’s most ubiquitous symbol. F．For these pre-Hispanic(前西班牙时期的) cultures, death was a natural phase in life’s long continuum. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $