专题01 语法填空题（精选名校试题15篇）【考题猜想】-2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末考点大串讲（上海）

高二上学期期末考点大串讲（上海） 专题01 语法填空题精选15篇 （解析版） 01 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市上海中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 Future living: what will the home of tomorrow look like? What will our homes be like in the future? Growing cities, shrinking living spaces, and climate change are major challenges 1 (face) urban planners and architects. We’re sharing three trends with you 2 will shape the home we live in tomorrow. Energy efficient and carbon neutral One of the greatest challenges for homes of the future is our increasing energy consumption, something that cannot be covered by fossil fuels going forward. 3 the impact of climate change becoming notable, it’s perfectly understandable that the buildings of the future could function as environmentally friendly power plants. Solar collectors and heat storage systems allow 4 are known as ‘plus-energy buildings’ to produce 100 percent renewable energy for emission-free operation. The trend to downsizing Living more efficiently not only means improving energy use and reducing one’s own carbon footprint, but also building to save space. Rooms 5 (design) to be multifunctional when there’s not a dedicated room available for every potential purpose. Modular and flexible furnishing systems that can be adapted to the individual floor space and room zones will replace 6 (fix) structures, ensuring that there’s room for everything even in a small space.   Trends for living and working under one roof Over the last few months, the office 7 (become) a feature in many people’s homes. For a number of years now, the home office has been evolving from a make-do desk into a comfortable long-term solution. This development means we need to ask 8 how we should construct our living spaces to allow us to concentrate and work productively.   9 you rent or own your own home in the future, what’s clear is that the home of tomorrow will be smarter, more flexible, and more sustainable. It will offer us space 10 (live), sleep and work both indoors and outdoors. 【答案】 1．facing 2．that/which 3．With 4．what 5．will be designed 6．fixed 7．has become 8．ourselves 9．Whether 10．to live 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了未来家居发展的三个主要趋势：能源高效和碳中和趋势、小型化趋势以及居住和工作一体化趋势。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：城市发展、居住空间缩小和气候变化是城市规划者和建筑师面临的主要挑战。“(face) urban planners and architects”作后置定语，face(面临，面对)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语challenges之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填facing。 2．考查定语从句。句意：我们将与大家分享三个趋势，它们将塑造我们未来的家园。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词three trends，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词that或which引导该从句。故填that或which。 3．考查with复合结构。句意：随着气候变化的影响越来越明显，未来的建筑可以作为环保发电厂是完全可以理解的。“ the impact of climate change becoming notable”作原因状语，其中becoming是非谓语动词，该结构不是完整的句子，可用介词with构成with复合结构作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填With。 4．考查宾语从句。句意：太阳能集热器和蓄热系统允许所谓的“附加能源建筑”产生100%的可再生能源，实现零排放运行。“ are known as ‘plus-energy buildings’”是宾语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“被称为的‘附加能源建筑’的事物”，用连接代词what引导该从句并在句中作主语。故填what。 5．考查时态和语态。句意：当没有一个专门的房间可以用于每个潜在的用途时，房间将被设计成多功能的。分析句子可知，design(设计)是主句中谓语动词，与主语Rooms之间是被动关系，根据语境可知，文中描述的是将来的情况，应使用一般将来时态。综上，谓语应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be designed。 6．考查形容词。句意：模块化和灵活的家具系统可以适应单独的楼层空间和房间区域，将取代固定的结构，确保即使在小空间中也有空间容纳所有东西。提示词作定语，用形容词fixed，意为“固定的”。故填fixed。 7．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几个月里，办公室已经成为许多人家里的一个特色。分析句子可知，become(成为)是句中谓语动词，与主语the office之间是主动关系，结合时间状语Over the last few months可知，描述从几个月前持续到现在的动作，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时的主动语态，单数形式。故填has become。 8．考查反身代词。句意：这种发展意味着我们需要问自己，我们应该如何构建我们的生活空间，使我们能够集中精力，高效地工作。根据句意，句中表示“我们需要问自己”，主语和宾语是同一对象，用反身代词ourselves作宾语。故填ourselves。 9．考查状语从句。句意：无论你将来是租房还是买房，有一点是明确的，那就是未来的家将会更智能、更灵活、更可持续。“ you rent or own your own home in the future”是让步状语从句，结合句中or可知，用连词whether...or...引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……还是……”；句首单词首字母大写。故填Whether。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：它将为我们提供室内外生活、睡眠和工作的空间。“ live, sleep and work”作后置定语，描述了space的用途，即“这个空间是为了居住、睡眠和工作而提供的”，用不定式可以表达一个具体的、尚未发生的动作，符合句中对未来场景的描述。故填to live。 02 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市育才中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试卷 City streets are littered with all kinds of refuse. On just about every street and sidewalk, one can find old newspaper, crushed cans, food wrappers, and discarded cigarettes, not to mention blobs (斑点) of old chewing gum 11 (stick) on walls, street poles, and on the ground. Of all these, gum is one of the hardest things to clean up. In its attempt 12 (clean) discarded gum off the streets and sidewalks, the authorities in London have tried everything from tools that shoot high-pressure water and steam to various kinds of chemicals 13 dissolve the gum. But nothing seems to work. The streets 14 (dot) with unattractive blobs of the stuff. Or at least they were unattractive 15 Ben Wilson came along. Ben Wilson is an artist on a mission. He wants to make good use of 16 others have thrown away and no one else wants: old chewing gum. When Mr. Wilson finds gum on the ground, down he goes with his painting supplies and sets out to create a work of art. He uses the discarded blobs of old gum 17 canvases (画布) for his mini paintings. After finishing a work, Mr. Wilson takes a picture of 18 for his archive. 19 (paint) all the gum on the streets of London could be a never-ending task for Ben Wilson. On a single street like High Street Barnet, it took him more than one month to paint all of the gum that he found in just three blocks. And new canvases are being spit out every day on streets. But he does not seem worried. As he told a reporter in one interview, “I’m just going to keep painting and see 20 the enthusiasm takes me.” 【答案】 11．stuck/sticking 12．to clean 13．which/that 14．are dotted/were dotted 15．before/until/when 16．what 17．as 18．it 19．Painting 20．where 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了本·威尔逊把街上的废弃口香糖变成艺术品的故事。 11．考查非谓语。句意：在几乎每条街道和人行道上，你都能找到旧报纸、压碎的罐头、食品包装纸和丢弃的香烟，更不用说粘在墙上、电线杆上和地上的旧口香糖了。空处为非谓语动词，old chewing gum与stick为主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。也可表示被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填stuck/sticking。 12．考查动词不定式。句意：为了清理街道和人行道上的废弃口香糖，伦敦当局尝试了各种方法，从喷射高压水和蒸汽的工具到溶解口香糖的各种化学物质。in one’s attempt to do sth“某人试图做某事”，不定式作后置定语。故填to clean。 13．考查定语从句。句意：为了清理街道和人行道上的废弃口香糖，伦敦当局尝试了各种方法，从喷射高压水和蒸汽的工具到溶解口香糖的各种化学物质。先行词为chemicals，作定语从句的主语，关系代词为which或者that。故填which/that。 14．考查时态语态。句意：街上点缀着毫无吸引力的东西。be dotted with点缀着，为固定短语，可以表示现在的事实，也可以表示过去的事实，所以本句为一般现在时的被动语态或者一般过去时的被动语态。故填are/were dotted。 15．考查连词。句意：或者至少在本·威尔逊出现之前，他们是没有吸引力的/或者至少在本·威尔逊出现的时候，他们是没有吸引力的。根据句意可知，本句为before/until/when引导的时间状语从句。故填before/until/when。 16．考查连接词。句意：他想好好利用别人扔掉的、没人想要的东西:旧口香糖。of后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，从句用连接代词what引导。故填what。 17．考查介词。句意：他用丢弃的旧口香糖块作为他的迷你画的画布。表示“作为”用介词as。故填as。 18．考查代词。句意：完成一件作品后，威尔逊先生会给它拍张照片存档。指代前文的work，用it。故填it。 19．考查动名词。句意：对本·威尔逊来说，在伦敦街头涂上所有的口香糖可能是一项永无止境的任务。动名词作主语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Painting。 20．考查连接词。句意：我只是想继续画画，看看热情会把我带到哪里。see后接宾语从句，从句缺少表示地点的连接副词，故填where。 03 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题 The internet and its cultural impact are most often viewed through the lens of the “tech bro”. Biographies, and memoirs about these big-tech bosses have shaped readers’ understanding of 21 the online world changes the offline one. But these books rarely mention the principal figures who have shaped the experience of being online: social-media influencers. Influencers—the (usually female) people behind the most popular accounts on Instagram, TikTok and YouTube—have large followings, often in the hundreds of thousands or millions. People like Jackie Aina, Matilda Djerf and Molly-Mae Hague earn a living from a combination of sponsored posts, commissions 22 (make) through associate links and by creating their own brands, from fake tan to eyeshadows. Though they shape digital culture, too often influencers 23 (dismiss) as fame-hungry celebrities, who post about the details of their lives and mindlessly promote branded products for eye-watering sums. But a new crop of books takes the influencer industry 24 (seriously) by exploring the way social media’s most popular users are reshaping the global economy and changing what the average person views online. Taylor Lorenz, 25 technology writer for the Washington Post, is a leading voice on social-media trends and internet culture. Her book, “Extremely Online”, argues that influencers hold huge power: “Tech founders may control the source code, 26 it is users who shape the product.” Charting the history of the influencer from the 1990s to today, Ms. Lorenz argues influencers rose by making fame and luxury less “sealed off”. Like reality-TV stars, early influencers created a new, niche sort of celebrity, popular enough 27 (draw) attention but still unrecognizable to most. Ms. Lorenz makes the case that, despite its bad rap, influencing has “given more people the chance to benefit directly from their labor than at any other time in history”, 28 (entertain) readers with stories about “mommy bloggers” turning the pain of parenthood into six-figure businesses and teens becoming multi-millionaires through short comedy skits. Some experts estimate as much as 90% of online content could be AI-generated by 2026. 29 the number of believable posts and photos produced by AI soars, influencers will face significantly more competition for internet users’ attention. No influencer, 30 _______ _______skilled they have proved to be at using the internet to gain popularity and profits in the past, is guaranteed to retain any kind of influence in the next technological transformation. 【答案】 21．how 22．made 23．are dismissed 24．more seriously 25．a 26．but 27．to draw 28．entertaining 29．As 30．no matter how 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了社交媒体影响者（即网红）在互联网文化中的重要性和影响。 21．考查宾语从句。句意：这些科技巨头的传记和回忆录塑造了读者对网络世界如何改变线下世界的理解。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中结构完整，用连接副词引导，根据句意，表达“如何”之意，用how。故填how。 22．考查非谓语动词。句意：像Jackie Aina、Matilda Djerf和Molly-Mae Hague这样的人通过赞助帖子、通过关联链接获得的佣金以及创建自己的品牌(从晒黑产品到眼影)来谋生。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词earn，所以make用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语commissions之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填made。 23．考查动词时态和语态。句意：尽管网红塑造了数字文化，但他们往往被视为渴望名利的名人，他们在网上晒自己的生活细节，盲目地推销品牌产品，赚取令人瞠目结舌的收入。分析句子结构可知，dismiss作本句谓语，和主语influencers之间是被动关系，用被动语态，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。故填are dismissed。 24．考查副词。句意：不过，有一批新书更认真地看待网红行业，探讨了社交媒体上最受欢迎的用户如何重塑全球经济，以及如何改变普通人的网络观点。空处修饰空前的动词，用副词修饰，根据句意，此处表达“更认真地”之意，用比较级。故填more seriously。 25．考查冠词。句意：泰勒·洛伦兹是《华盛顿邮报》的科技作家，是社交媒体趋势和互联网文化方面的领军人物。writer意为“作家”，为可数名词，句中用的单数，前应用不定冠词修饰，technology是辅音音素开头，用a修饰。故填a。 26．考查连词。句意：她的书《极度在线》认为，影响者拥有巨大的权力：“科技创始人可能控制着源代码，但塑造产品的是用户。”根据前文“Tech founders may control the source code”以及后文“it is users who shape the product.”可知，两句是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。 27．考查非谓语动词。句意：像真人秀明星一样，早期的网红创造了一种新的、小众的名人，他们足够受欢迎，可以吸引注意力，但大多数人仍然认不出来。此处是固定搭配：enough to do sth.意为“足以做某事”。故填to draw。 28．考查非谓语动词。句意：洛伦兹认为，尽管名声不好，但影响力“让更多的人有机会从自己的劳动中直接受益，这是历史上任何时候都没有的”，她用一些故事来娱乐读者，比如“妈咪博主”把为人父母的痛苦变成了六位数的生意，以及青少年通过喜剧小品成为千万富翁。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词makes，所以entertain用非谓语动词，和逻辑主语Ms. Lorenz之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填entertaining。 29．考查时间状语从句。句意：随着人工智能制作的可信帖子和照片数量激增，网红们将面临更大的竞争，以吸引网民的注意力。分析句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，根据句意，表达“随着”之意，应用as引导的时间状语从句，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填As。 30．考查状语从句。句意：没有任何网红，无论他们在过去如何熟练地利用互联网获得人气和利润，都不能保证在下一次技术变革中保持任何影响力。分析句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，根据句意，表达“无论如何”之意，应用no matter how引导让步状语从句。故填no matter how。 04 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市吴淞中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 Throughout the world, only 15% of the material that are used to make clothing is properly recycled, according to the Alle SacUrthur Club, an organization in Liverpool, UK, that boosts the circular economy. Most clothing waste—an 31 (estimate) 82 million tonnes from the fashion industry alone-produced every year ends up buried or burnt. 32 (handle) all that waste, methods to recover and reuse the material are intended as an active response to the future risks by researchers and start-up companies. Much of their focus is on chemical recycling, 33 the material is broken down into its building blocks and applied to create new materials, including fibres that 34 (weave) into new clothes. The challenges lie in 35 (develop) the processes for such treatment. They have to be practical, but they also have to be at least as cost-effective as simply making new fibres. 36 the natural cellulose fibres from cotton, some other materials include human-made cellulosic fibres. They are derived from wood-pulp cellulose and may be used to produce materials such as viscose (rayon) and a similar material called lyocell. A change in the manufacturing process is being applied to the textile-waste problem by Essen, a start-up in Seattle, Washington. 37 the company has fundamentally devoted to the process is that it uses discarded textiles, instead of wood, as the source of its cellulose. It has also adjusted the process to produce a fibre that the firm’s co-founder and president Christo Stan says is superior to 38 other cellulosics and cotton, and that can be recycled more times. Although there are abundant technical challenges, the main barrier 39 widespread textile recycling could be economic, says materials engineer Lijiang Jiang at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Atlanta. “Most of the materials are not that invaluable,” Jiang says. So cheap it is to produce polyester, cotton and other fabrics 40 there’s little profit margin unless the recycling processes themselves are very inexpensive. 【答案】 31．estimated 32．To handle 33．where 34．are woven 35．developing 36．Besides 37．What 38．both 39．to 40．that 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了服装原料的浪费已经成为一个严重的问题，华盛顿西雅图的艾森公司通过对于纺织生产过程的改变来解决纺织品废料的问题。 31．考查形容词。句意：大多数衣服浪费——估计有8,200万吨时尚行业每年生产的产品最终被埋葬或烧毁。空格处应填形容词修饰名词tonnes，作定语。故填estimated。 32．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了处理所有的废物，回收和再利用材料的方法旨在作为研究人员和初创公司对未来风险的积极回应。分析句子结构，are intended为谓语动词，空格处需填非谓语动词作目的状语，需填动词不定式形式。故填To handle。 33．考查定语从句。句意：他们主要关注化学物质的回收，在回收中材料被分解成它的基础材料并应用于创造新的材料，包括被织进新衣服里的纤维。此处为定语从句修饰先行词chemical recycling，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 34．考查被动语态。句意：他们主要关注化学物质的回收，在回收中材料被分解成它的基础材料并应用于创造新的材料，包括被织进新衣服里的纤维。that指代先行词fibers在从句中作主语，空格处在从句中作谓语，主语fibres和weave之间是被动关系，此句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are woven。 35．考查非谓语动词。句意：挑战基于对这种加工过程的开发。空格处需要填非谓语作介词in的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填developing。 36．考查介词。句意：除了来自棉花的天然纤维素纤维外，一些纺织品还包括人造纤维素纤维。根据“the natural cellulose fibres from cotton, some other materials include human-made cellulosic fibres.”及常识可知，除了来自棉花的天然纤维素纤维外，一些纺织品还包括人造纤维素纤维，介词besides除……之外（还），故填Besides。 37．考查主语从句。句意：公司从根本上致力于的工艺是使废弃的纺织品而不是木材作为纤维素的来源。分析句子结构，空格处引导主语从句，在从句中作动词devoted的宾语，指代事物。故填What。 38．考查代词。句意：该公司还调整了生产纤维的过程，可以生产出优于其他纤维素和棉花的纤维，而且这种纤维可以更多地被回收利用。根据“other cellulosics and cotton”可知，此处用both...and...表示“两者都”，故填both。 39．考查介词。句意：尽管有大量的技术挑战，对于广泛传播纤维回收的主要障碍就是经济，亚特兰大麻省理工学院的材料工程师蒋丽江（音译）如是说。barrier to是固定搭配，意为“……的障碍”。故填to。 40．考查结果状语从句。句意：生产涤纶棉花和其他材料是如此的便宜，并且除非回收过程本身非常便宜否则利润空间很小。根据句意，此处与前面的So构成so...that，引导结果状语从句。故填that。 05 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. You know that the business of business is making money. What you may not realize is 41 simple that business is. You need two fundamental ingredients — a good product that customers want to own, and bright, charismatic people who will 42 sell it and, if necessary, defend it. And of the two — 43 (desire) product and competent people — good people are, in the long run, more important than good products. You can’t expect to produce one popular product after another. You can, however, cover your bets by staffing your enterprise with superb employees who will continue to reflect the company’s strengths 44 _______the products are weak. It is your responsibility to keep those employees 45 (perform) as well as they can. They won’t remain superb 46 reliable leadership and, infact, there is a perfect time to address this issue. Most successful companies have a defining moment 47 profits are skyrocketing, and business 48 not be better. That is precisely the time to look closely at your customer service. That you are earning more money than ever before 49 (indicate) your product is terrific, but it doesn’t necessarily mean the same about your customer service. It is the ideal time to examine your reputation and expand the success you are earning from your product to include customer service. Every business wants to be known for its customer service. Although even a slow but steady giant such as Radio Shack Corporation will often come up with a hot product, it is its customer service 50 keeps it in business year after year. 【答案】 41．how 42．both 43．desired 44．even if 45．performing 46．without 47．when 48．could 49．indicates 50．that 【来源】上海市育才中学2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试卷 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是商业的成功和失败的关系，企业经营和管理等方面的知识。 41．考查感叹句。句意：你可能没有意识到这是多么简单的事情。“simple that business is”是感叹句，修饰形容词simple应用how，故填how。 42．考查固定搭配。句意：你需要两个基本要素——顾客想要拥有的好产品，以及聪明、有魅力的人，他们既会销售产品，也会在必要时捍卫产品。both...and...是固定短语，意为“既……又……”，因此空格处是both，故填both。 43．考查形容词。句意：在期望得到的产品和有能力的人这两者中，从长远来看，优秀的人比优秀的产品更重要。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词product，根据语境可知，句子表示“在期望得到的产品和有能力的人这两者中，从长远来看，优秀的人比优秀的产品更重要”，空格处意为“期望得到的”，形容词是desired，故填desired。 44．考查让步状语从句。句意：然而，你可以通过为你的企业配备优秀的员工来覆盖你的赌注，即使产品很弱，它们也会继续反映公司的优势。由“the products are weak”可知，句子表示“即使产品很弱，它们也会继续反映公司的优势”，空格处意为“即使”，是even if，引导让步状语从句，故填even if。 45．考查非谓语动词。句意：你有责任让这些员工表现得尽可能好。keep sb. doing是固定短语，意为“让某人一直做某事”，因此空格处是performing，故填performing。 46．考查介词。句意：没有可靠的领导，他们不可能保持卓越，事实上，现在是解决这个问题的最佳时机。由“reliable leadership”可知，句子表示“没有可靠的领导，他们不可能保持卓越”，空格处意为“没有”，用介词without，故填without。 47．考查定语从句。句意：大多数成功的公司都有一个利润暴涨的决定性时刻，那时的生意好得不能再好了。空格处引导限定性定语从句，先行词moment，关系词在从句中作时间状语，因此空格处用关系副词when引导，故填when。 48．考查情态动词。句意：大多数成功的公司都有一个利润暴涨的决定性时刻，那时的生意好得不能再好了。由not be better可知，空格处用情态动词，根据“profits are skyrocketing”可知，句子表示“大多数成功的公司都有一个利润暴涨的决定性时刻，那时的生意好得不能再好了”，could not和比较级better连用表示最高级，因此空格处是could。故填could。 49．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：你赚的钱比以往任何时候都多，这表明你的产品很棒，但这并不一定意味着你的客户服务也一样。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“That you are earning more money than ever before”是主语从句，谓语动词用单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数indicates。故填indicates。 50．考查强调句。句意：尽管即使是像Radio Shack公司这样缓慢而稳定的巨头也经常会推出热门产品，但正是它的客户服务使它年复一年地保持经营。根据句意和it is可知，句子是强调句，结构是“it is/was+被强调的部分+who/that+其他部分”，句中被强调的是“its customer service”，因此空格处用that，故填that。 06 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市七宝中学2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题 You know what they say, marriage is like a box of chocolates and you never know what you are gonna get. My wife and I had a “ferocious” argument the other night 51 we were watching one episode of the latest season of a reality show called See You Again. Basically, the show was about three couples 52 (embark) on an 18-day vacation to try to work out their marital issues in the hope of saving their marriages. For them, it was really a make-it-or-break-it vacation. 53 we both agreed on most men’s incompetence in expressing their true feelings in any intimate relationship, my still beloved wife and I failed miserably to see eye to eye on reasons for that. She blamed it on men’s upbringing while I thought it had more to do with the influence of outdated social norms and stereotypes on men. Our society 54 (discourage) emotional expression in men for ages, telling them they can’t shed a tear or show any vulnerability. These outdated ideas about what it means to be a man have messed them up big time. To me, it is no wonder that in the marriage market, the most common type available   55 women is the silent but dominant type of men with the whole breadwinner and homemaker roles still   56 (stick) in their heads. So when things don’t go that way, of course, they will feel lost. “Intimidated” by my rigorous logic, my wife purposefully shifted the focus of her argument to 57 we two should raise our son and what I could have done better if I had taken her advice seriously. However, things started to get much 58 (personal) when both of us seemed to run out of witty arguments. Realizing this disagreement would lead us nowhere, I wasted no time apologizing to her for my ill-considered words with dignity and offered to clean the plates piling up in the sink 59 _________I cooked dinner that night! Faced with an offer she couldn’t refuse, my wife kindly reminded me 60 (not forget) to dry the towel when I was done. Apology accepted, hence case closed. At the end of the day, I exhibited my vulnerability as requested and she showed her mercy as expected. We just agreed to disagree and lived happily ever after. 【答案】 51．when 52．embarking 53．Although/Though/While 54．was discouraged 55．to 56．stuck 57．how 58．more personal 59．even if/even though 60．not to forget 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者和他的妻子对于男人不会表达感情的原因的不同观点，以及二人对此如何应对的故事。 51．考查时间状语从句。句意：前几天晚上，当我们正在看一部名为《再见爱人》的真人秀节目时，我和妻子大吵了一架。分析句子结构可知，本空引导时间状语从句，此处表示“当……时”，用when引导从句。故填when。 52．考查非谓语动词。句意：基本上，这个节目是关于三对夫妻的，他们正在开始一个18天的假期，试图解决他们的婚姻问题，以挽救他们的婚姻。动词embark意为“开始”。本句系动词为was，此处应用非谓语动词，且three couples与embark为主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语，修饰three couples。故填embarking。 53．考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然我们都认为大多数男人在任何亲密关系中都不善于表达自己的真实感受，但我和我仍然深爱着的妻子却无法就其中的原因达成一致。前后句意存在让步转折关系，应用although/though/while“虽然”引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 54．考查时态语态。句意：长期以来，我们的社会一直不被鼓励男性表达情感，告诉他们不能流泪或表现出任何脆弱。根据语境可知事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，又因主语society与discourage为被动关系，故本句用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Our society单数，谓语单数形式。故填was discouraged。 55．考查固定短语。句意：对我来说，难怪在婚姻市场上，女性最常见的类型是沉默，但占主导地位的男性的类型是养家糊口的角色，他们的脑海中仍然萦绕着女性是家庭主妇的角色。根据空前的available可知，本空填介词to。available to sb.“可供某人使用”。故填to。 56．考查非谓语动词。句意：对我来说，难怪在婚姻市场上，女性最常见的类型是沉默，但占主导地位的男性的类型是养家糊口的角色，他们的脑海中仍然萦绕着女性是家庭主妇的角色。with复合结构，此处应用非谓语动词，roles和stick“粘住”之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词，作宾补。故答案为stuck。 57．考查宾语从句。句意：我妻子被我严谨的逻辑吓到了，她有意把争论的焦点转移到我们俩应该如何抚养儿子，以及如果我认真对待她的建议，我本可以做得更好。分析句子结构可知，本空引导宾语从句，此处表示“如何”，故用连接副词how引导。故答案为how。 58．考查形容词比较级。句意：然而，事情开始变得更加私人，因为我们俩似乎都没有机智的争论了。根据汉语及much可知，本空用形容词personal“个人的，私人的”的比较级。故填more personal。 59．考查让步状语从句。句意：意识到这种分歧不会给我们带来任何好处，我立即为自己考虑不端的话而不失尊严地向她道歉，并表示即使晚上我做的晚饭，也主动要把水槽里堆积的盘子清理干净！分析句子结构可知，本空引导让步状语从句，此处表示“即使”，故用even if/though引导。故填even if/though。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：面对一个她无法拒绝的提议，我的妻子善意地提醒我，洗完后别忘了把毛巾擦干。动词forget意为“忘记”。remind sb. not to do sth.“提醒某人不要做某事”。故填not to forget。 07 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市闵行中学2023-2024学年高二上学期12月英语学情调研英语试题 The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world’s supply of water. With 97% of the world’s water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. 61 the idea of a water shortage seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the world’s agricultural industries   62 (experience) constant water shortages. Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. One typical example is   63 where valleys are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to 64 . Each country   65 therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements. This is particularly   66 (trouble) for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation. In Texas, farmers’ overuse of irrigation water 67 (result) in a 25% reduction of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water engineering project provides water 68 farming in dry valleys, but much of the water use is being poorly managed. Saudi Arabia’s attempts 69 (grow) wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping   70 (see) them run dry. 【答案】 61．Although/Though/While 62．are experiencing/have been experiencing 63．that 64．the other 65．must/should 66．troubling 67．has resulted 68．for 69．to grow 70．will see 【导语】这是一篇说明文。养活不断增长的人口的需要给世界水资源供应带来了很大的压力。由于世界上97%的水太咸，不能饮用或用于农业，世界范围内的水供应需要仔细管理，特别是在农业方面。 61．考查状语从句。句意：虽然对于有幸生活在雨量充沛的国家的人来说，水资源短缺的想法似乎很奇怪，但世界上许多农业正在经历/一直在经历持续的水资源短缺。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”可用although/ though/ while，首字母大写。故填Although/ Though/ While。 62．考查时态。句意：虽然对于有幸生活在雨量充沛的国家的人来说，水资源短缺的想法似乎很奇怪，但世界上许多农业正在经历/一直在经历持续的水资源短缺。此处可用现在进行时表示动作正在发生，或用现在完成进行时，表示动作发生在过去不间断持续到现在，主语为many of the world’s agricultural industries，谓语用复数，助动词用have。故填are experiencing/ have been experiencing。 63．考查表语从句。句意：一个典型的例子是，在山谷被淹没以建造水坝的地方，房屋被毁，野生动物的家园被毁。引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that引导从句。故填that。 64．考查代词。句意：此外，水可以很容易地通过管道流到田地里，但它不能从世界的一端输送到另一端。此处特指两者中的另一个，应用the other。故填the other。 65．考查情态动词。句意：因此，每个国家必须/应该依靠管理自己的水来满足其农业需求。后跟动词原形，结合句意表示“应该”或“必须”应用情态动词should或must。故填must/should。 66．考查形容词。句意：这对农业依赖灌溉地区的国家来说尤其令人不安。作表语，应用形容词troubling。故填troubling。 67．考查时态。句意：在德克萨斯州，农民过度使用灌溉用水导致储水量减少了25%。此处表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，用现在完成时，主语为farmers’ overuse of irrigation water，助动词用has。故填has resulted。 68．考查介词。句意：在美国西南部的中央山谷地区，一个巨大的水利工程项目为干旱山谷的农业提供了水，但大部分用水管理不善。表示“为……提供”短语为provide sth. for…。故填for。 69．考查非谓语动词。句意：沙特阿拉伯在沙漠地区种植小麦的尝试，已经从地下储备中抽取了大量的灌溉用水。短语attempt to do sth.表示“……的尝试”，不定式作后置定语。故填to grow。 70．考查时态。句意：由于这些地区没有降雨，这些储量只会减少，人们相信五十年的抽水将会使它们枯竭。根据上文fifty years of pumping可知为一般将来时。故填will see。 08 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市东华大学附属奉贤致远中学2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题 How do you define success? What do you think a successful person is? Someone who makes a lot of money? Someone who is remembered by future generations? Or someone who changes the world? A volunteer teacher and his students came to remind us of our more humble measures of success. Liang Jun sang the poem alongside a group of his students from the incredibly poor Wu Meng Mountain region in southwest China. The poem, by the famous poet Yuan Mei, 71 (entitle) Moss (苔). The message goes like this: 72 it is tiny, seemingly insignificant and has worse conditions for growth, moss is able to grow and flourish just like the peony. In the modern world, more and more individuals from rural areas 73 (flood) into cities to find success. With this wave of urbanization, competition for jobs, love and just about everything else is fierce. Ordinary people 74 (lack) connections, a desirable appearance or other desired qualities can often feel frustrated with their circumstances. The poem serves as a reminder for everyone 75 we don’t have to be the peony. When we study human history, we come across names like Genghis Khan, Neil Armstrong and Mao Zedong. We credit these individuals with tremendous achievements, but we tend to forget the countless individuals 76 helped them achieve greatness. Mongol leader Genghis Khan wouldn’t have been able to conquer half of Europe and Asia 77 his incredible army. Nor could Chairman Mao have possibly built the People’s Republic of China by 78 . So, is it truly necessary for our names 79 (write) down in history books? Most people will likely forget about Liang Jun and his brief appearance on CCTV. However, everyone 80 (inspire) will remember his message. They will take heart from his inspirational words，and open their own paths in life. The poem Moss may live longer in our memories and inspire many future generations to achieve their measures of success. 【答案】 71．is entitled 72．though/although/while 73．are flooding/have been flooding 74．lacking 75．that 76．who/that 77．without 78．himself 79．to be written 80．inspired 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。通过乌蒙山区的支教老师梁俊与他的学生们用歌曲演绎古诗的事例，文章论述了何为成功。 71．考查时态和语态。句意：这首诗由著名诗人袁枚所作，名为《苔》。本句在陈述客观事实，句子主语The poem和谓语动词entitle之间是被动关系，且主语是单数名词，因而需用一般现在时的被动语态，单数形式。故填is entitled。 72．考查状语从句。句意：诗意是这样的：虽然苔藓很小，看起来微不足道，生长条件也很差，但它可以像牡丹一样生长和繁茂。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入连接词引导从句，由句意可知，此处表示转折，是让步状语从句，though/although/while均符合句意要求。故填though/although/while。 73．考查时态。句意：在现代世界，越来越多的人从农村涌入城市寻求成功。此处表示目前正在进行的动作，所以可用现在进行时；此处也可表示从过去开始的动作一直持续到现在或继续持续下去的动作，所以也可用现在完成进行时，主语是复数名词individuals，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are flooding/have been flooding。 74．考查非谓语动词。句意：缺乏人脉、理想的外表或其他理想品质的普通人往往会对自己的处境感到沮丧。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入非谓语形式作people的后置定语，lack与people之间是主谓关系，因而用现在分词形式。故填lacking。 75．考查同位语从句。句意：这首诗提醒大家，我们不必成为牡丹。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导同位语从句，作名词reminder的同位语，设空处在句中无词义，因而用that引导。故填that。 76．考查定语从句。句意：我们认为这些人取得了巨大的成就，但我们往往忘记了无数帮助他们取得伟大成就的个人。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为individuals，指人，在后面的定语从句中作主语，因而可由关系代词that或who引导。故填who/that。 77．考查介词。句意：蒙古领袖成吉思汗如果没有他那强大的军队就无法征服半个欧洲和亚洲。根据主句中wouldn’t have been和句意可知，本句使用了虚拟语气，“　7　his incredible army”为含蓄虚拟条件句，用介词without引出，意为“如果没有……”。故填without。 78．考查反身代词。句意：毛主席一个人也不可能建立起中华人民共和国。by oneself表示“靠自己”。故填himself。 79．考查非谓语动词。句意：那么，我们的名字真的有必要被载入史册吗? 本句中it是形式主语，设空处需填入不定式形式作真正主语，动词write与其逻辑主语our names之间是被动关系，因而设空处需填入不定式的被动式。故填 to be written。 80．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，每个受到鼓舞的人都会记住他的信息。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入非谓语形式，逻辑主语everyone与动词inspire之间是被动关系，因而用过去分词形式inspired作后置定语。故填inspired。 09 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市朱家角中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末质量检测英语试题 Recently, I flew to Las Vegas to attend a meeting. As we were about to arrive, the pilot announced with an apology 81 there would be a slight delay before setting down. High desert winds had forced the airport to close all but one runway. He said that we would be circling the city for a few minutes waiting to land. We were also told to remain in our seats meanwhile with our seat belts 82 (fasten) because there might be a few bumps. Well, that few minutes turned into about forty-five minutes, including a ride that would make a roller coaster 83 (pale) by comparison. The movement was so sudden that several passengers felt sick and had to use airsickness bags. 84 you might guess, that’s not a good thing to happen in a narrow space because it only serves to increase the discomfort of the situation. About twenty minutes into the adventure, the entire airplane became very quiet. There was now a sense of anxiety and fear that could be distinctly noticed. Every passenger simply held on for dear life … 85 one. A baby was having a good time! With each bump of the aircraft, he 86 let out a giggle of happiness. As I observed this, I realized that he didn’t know he was supposed to be afraid and worried about his safety. He 87 thought about the past nor about the future. Those are 88 we grown-ups have learned from experience. He was enjoying the ride because he 89 (not teach) to fear it. 90 (understand) this, I took a deep breath and sat back into my seat, pretending I was really on a roller coaster. I smiled for the rest of the flight. I even managed to giggle once or twice, which is much to the surprise of the man sitting next to me and holding an airsickness bag. 【答案】 81．that 82．fastened 83．pale 84．As 85．except 86．would 87．neither 88．what 89．hadn’t been taught 90．Having understood 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者乘坐的航班遭遇大风天气，飞机异常颠簸，所有的乘客都紧张得要命，只有一个婴儿玩得很开心，因为没人教他为此而害怕，认识到这一点，作者也像这个婴儿一样享受这个过程。 81．考查宾语从句。句意：当我们即将抵达时，飞行员向我们道歉，宣布在降落前会有一点延迟。分析句子结构和意思可知，　　　 there would be a slight delay before setting down是宾语从句，从句基本成分完整，上下文意思连贯，用连词that引导。故填that。 82．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们还被告知留在座位上，同时系好安全带，因为可能会有一些颠簸。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词fasten和名词seat belts之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，要用过去分词，作宾补。故填fastened。 83．考查形容词。句意：好吧，那几分钟变成了大约45分钟，包括一次相比之下会让过山车相形见绌的骑行。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词作补语。故填pale。 84．考查定语从句。句意：你可能会猜到，在狭小的空间里发生这不是一件好事，因为这只会增加情况的不适感。分析句子结构和意思可知，　　　 you might guess是非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句的内容，在从句中作宾语，从句放在句首，且空处意为“正如”，应用关系代词as引导。故填As。 85．考查介词。句意：每一位乘客都紧紧抓住了宝贵的生命…除了一个人。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要介词，表示“除了”的意思。故填except 。 86．考查情态动词。句意：随着飞机的每一次颠簸，他都会发出幸福的笑声。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要情态动词would，表示过去常常做某事。故填would 。 87．考查连词。句意：他既不思考过去，也不思考未来。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要连词neither…nor…，意为“既不…也不…”。故填neither。 88．考查表语从句。句意：这些是我们成年人从经验中吸取的教训。分析句子结构和意思可知，　　　 we grown-ups have learned from experience是表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的东西”，用连词代词what引导。故填what 。 89．考查谓语动词。句意：他很享受这次骑行，因为他没有被教过害怕它。分析句子结构和意思可知，空处是because引导的原因状语从句的谓语动词，从句谓语not teach发生在主句谓语动词was enjoying之前，要用过去完成时，主语he和动词teach是被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态。故填hadn’t been taught。 90．考查非谓语动词。句意：理解了这一点，我深吸了一口气，坐回座位，假装自己真的坐在过山车上。分析句子结构和意思可知，空处应填非谓语动词作状语，动词understand和主语I是逻辑主动关系，并且发生在谓语动词took之前，所以用现在分词的完成式。故填Having understood。 10 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市浦东区南汇中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末练习英语 Mirror, Mirror, on the Wall: Can Animals Recognize Their Reflection at All? Daniel Povinelli was in high school when he first read about an experiment published in 1970. It left a deep impression 91 him as it showed that chimpanzees, rather than monkeys, can recognize themselves in mirrors. All it took was a simple mirror 92 (reveal) that our close chimpanzee relatives are self-aware. This famous mirror self-recognition experiment was conducted in the 1960s by scientist Gordon Gallup, Jr. No such tests had been done before 93 people had long observed animals interacting with mirrors. In this experiment, the chimps originally tried to attack the image in the mirror. But after a couple of days, they began using the mirror to examine parts of their bodies such as their teeth. He then anesthetized(使麻醉) them and put red dye on their face. The chimps later woke up and reacted to the unexpected mirror image as if they 94 understand that the marks were on their own faces. In Gallup’s view, passing this test proved that the chimps had self-awareness, which was an evolutionary leap 95 (make) only by humans and their close relatives and led to empathy and higher-level thinking. Though convinced at first, Povinelli now holds a different view on what animals may be doing after spending years 96 (commit) himself to studying mirrors and higher-order consciousness for years. He holds that animals may have a 97 (complicated) sense of their own body’s movement than we imagine. With that kind of physical self-concept, a chimp could use a mirror as a tool to examine its body. But that wouldn’t indicate anything about the richness of the animal’s inner life. Recent research also shows monkeys can actually learn to perform this skill, if they 98 (give) the proper training. Povinelli says people 99 live with cats and dogs tend to project their own understanding of the world onto their pets. Since they can’t directly ask 100 their pets are experiencing, their projection is very likely to be wrong. 【答案】 91．on 92．to reveal 93．even if 94．could 95．made 96．committing 97．more complicated 98．are given 99．who 100．what 【导语】 这是一篇议论文。文章就动物是否能够认出镜子中的自己展开讨论。 91．考查介词。句意：这给他留下了深刻的印象，因为这表明黑猩猩，而不是猴子，可以在镜子中认出自己。leave a deep impression on为固定短语，意为“给……留下深刻印象”。故填on。 92．考查非谓语动词。句意：只需要一面简单的镜子就能揭示我们的近亲黑猩猩有自我意识。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to reveal。 93．考查状语从句。句意：在此之前，即使人们长期观察动物与镜子的互动，也没有人做过这样的实验。上文提到“没有人做过这样的实验”，下文提到“人们长期观察动物与镜子的互动”，上下文之间形成转折关系，需用even if引导让步状语从句。故填even if。 94．考查情态动词。句意：黑猩猩后来醒来，对这个意外的镜像做出反应，就好像它们能明白这些标记是在它们自己的脸上一样。此处表示“好像它们能够明白”，表示“能够”需用情态动词could。故填could。 95．考查非谓语动词。句意：在盖洛普看来，通过这项测试证明了黑猩猩具有自我意识，这是只有人类及其近亲才能实现的进化飞跃，并导致了同理心和更高层次的思考。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，evolutionary leap和make为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填made。 96．考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然波维内利一开始深信不疑，但在花了数年时间致力于研究镜子和高阶意识之后，他现在对动物可能在做什么有了不同的看法。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“花费时间做某事”，空处需填动名词作宾语。故填committing。 97． 考查形容词比较级。句意：他认为，动物对自身身体运动的感知可能比我们想象的更为复杂。空处需填形容词作定语修饰名词sense，结合空后的“than”可知，此处用形容词比较级。故填more complicated。 98．考查动词时态语态。句意：最近的研究还表明，如果给予猴子适当的训练，它们实际上可以学会表演这项技能。if引导的条件状语从句使用一般现在时，主语they和give为被动关系，需用被动语态，be动词用are。故填are given。 99．考查定语从句。句意：波维内利说，和猫狗一起生活的人倾向于把自己对世界的理解投射到他们的宠物身上。空处引导定语从句，先行词people，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。 100．考查宾语从句。句意：因为他们不能直接问他们的宠物正在经历什么，他们的预测很可能是错误的。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。 11 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市奉贤区致远高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末教学评估英语试题 Italian astronaut shows beauty of ancient Chinese composition in space Besides “Wow” and “Great,” what else would you say 101 flying over the Earth in space? Samantha Cristoforetti, the first Italian female astronaut in space, posted several lines of a famous ancient Chinese composition on Twitter 102 (share) her joy. She first wrote in Chinese, and then attached an accurate translation of the lines in both Italian and English 103 more people could understand the Chinese composition. She also attached three photos taken in space of China’s Bohai Bay and the day-night view of Beijing, the country’s capital. 104 the first Italian female astronaut in space, Cristoforetti carried out her first space mission on Nov. 23, 2014. She started the second mission in April and returned to Earth on Friday night after a 127-day long stay in orbit. Cristoforetti has been active in Sino-European cooperation in the field of manned spaceflight. She was a working group member 105 (task) with keeping in touch with Chinese counterparts to define and implement cooperation in the field of astronaut operations. In 2017, she took part in a sea survival exercise organized by the Astronaut Center of China in the Yellow Sea, 106 was the first joint training of Chinese and foreign astronauts in China. An agreement 107 (sign) in 2015 between China and Europe on cooperation in the field of manned spaceflight, specifying the participation of China and Europe in each other’s astronaut training activities. 108 (speak) clear Chinese, Cristoforetti once told the media that the teams from China and Europe 109 (work) very well together in the field of astronaut training during the joint training. She joined the Italian Air Force in 2001 and 110 (accumulate) more than 500 hours of flight experience. In May 2009, Cristoforetti was one of the six chosen from 8,000 European applicants to join the ESA astronaut corps. 【答案】 101．when/while 102．to share 103．so that 104．As 105．tasked 106．which 107．was signed 108．Speaking 109．were working/worked 110．had accumulated 【导语】本文是篇说明文。第一位意大利女宇航员Samantha Cristoforetti在推特上发布了一首著名的中国古诗来分享自己在太空中飞越地球时的喜悦，并附上了意大利语和英语的翻译，以便让更多的人能够理解。文章介绍了这位女宇航员的工作经历，以及她在中欧载人航天领域合作方面所做出的成绩。 101．考查从属连词。句意：除了“哇”和“太棒了”，在太空中飞越地球上空时你还会说什么?分析句子可知，此处应用从属连词，后接动词的现在分词，作状语；由句意可知，表示“当……时候”，可用连词when或while。故填when/while。 102．考查非谓语动词。句意：第一位进入太空的意大利女宇航员Samantha Cristoforetti在推特上发布了几行著名的中国古文来分享她的喜悦。由句中谓语动词“posted”可知，此处应为非谓语动词，与“Samantha Cristoforetti”形成主动关系，表示发布古诗的目的，作目的状语，故应用动词不定式。故填to share。 103．考查从属连词。句意：她首先用中文写，然后附上了准确的意大利语和英语翻译，以便更多人能够理解中国古文。分析句子可知，此处应为从属连词，引导状语从句；根据句意，表示“为了、以便”，故应用从属连词so that，引导目的状语从句。故填so that。 104．考查介词。句意：作为首个进入太空的意大利女宇航员，Cristoforetti于2014年11月23日执行了她的第一次太空任务。分析句子可知，此处应为介词，后接名词短语“the first Italian female astronaut ”，在句中作状语；根据句意可知，应表示“作为”，故用介词as，首字母大写。故填As。 105．考查非谓语动词。句意：她是一个工作组成员，负责与中国同行保持联系，以确定和实施宇航员行动领域的合作。由句中系动词“was”可知，task应为非谓语动词，作定语修饰“a working group member”，并与其形成被动关系，故应用过去分词形式。故填tasked。 106．考查定语从句的关系词。句意：2017年，她参加了中国航天员中心在黄海组织的海上生存演习，这是中外航天员在中国的首次联合训练。分析句子可知，此处应为关系词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“a sea survival exercise”，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which。故填which。 107．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2015年，中欧签署了载人航天领域的合作协议，明确了中国和欧洲参与彼此的宇航员培训活动。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词，由“in 2015”可知，应用一般过去时；主语为“An agreement”，与“sign”之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态，且谓语动词为单数。故填was signed。 108．考查非谓语动词。句意：说着清晰的中文，Cristoforetti曾对媒体表示，此次联合训练中，中欧团队在航天员训练领域合作非常好。根据句中谓语动词“told”可知，此处应为非谓语动词，与主语“Cristoforetti”之间为主动关系，作伴随状语，故应用现在分词形式；句首第一个字母大写。故填Speaking。 109．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：说着清晰的中文，Cristoforetti曾对媒体表示，此次联合训练中，中欧团队在航天员训练领域合作非常好。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词；根据句中“told”及句意可知，应用过去进行时或一般过去时，表示“正在合作”或“已合作”得非常好；主语是“the teams”，所以在过去进行时中谓语动词应用复数。故填were working/worked。 110．考查动词时态。句意：她于2001年加入意大利空军，之前已积累了超过500小时的飞行经验。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词；根据“joined”及事实可知，Cristoforetti在加入空军之前就已积累了超过500小时的飞行经验，故应用过去完成时。故填had accumulated。 12 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市南洋模范中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 Meet the Islands Located 86 km north-east of Bougainville in the South Pacific, the Carteret Islands of Papua New Guinea are composed of low-lying islands 111 (distribute) in a horseshoe shape, with a total land area of 0.6 square kilometers and a maximum elevation of 1.5 meters above sea level. The Carteret Islands are believed 112 (inhabit) for more than one thousand years. Few places are as calm, peaceful and beautiful as the seaside here on a calm day. People are very 113 (welcome), gentle, and calm. There’s no phone network, shops, computers, roads, cars, or motorbikes. Food is cooked on open fires. People here live sustainably. They don’t overfish or pollute, making no contribution to the warming of our planet. However, they are feeling the consequences of the climate change. Now, as the land 114 (swallow) by the rising sea, the islanders are faced with an uncertain future. Storms and high tides wash away homes, destroy vegetable gardens and pollute fresh water supplies. The trees on the island are also being impacted by the saltwater. The beach exists 115 fertile soil once did. 116 the coral and seagrasses die, so do the breeding areas for fish. Many seawalls have been built 117 with little success. The islands have gradually become uninhabitable. The Carteret islanders are labelled as the world’s first official climate-change refugees, as they are forced to abandon their homelands 118 ______ food shortages, rising sea levels, sinking shorelines, and the dangers of storms and tides. In front of 119 is the choice whether to stay and watch the islands shrink and slowly disappear or try to rebuild their community somewhere else. Yet, the relocation is not a move embraced by most, and some are unhappy living away from their home, and have returned after struggling to adapt. On the other hand, relocation will be a great challenge to the preservation of the identity and culture of the Carteret islanders. The Carteret Islanders’ story illustrates how small island states and coastal communities fall victim 120 rising sea levels caused by climate change. The Carteret Islanders, with a carbon footprint among the lowest in the world, will be among the first to have to leave their homes because of rising seas caused by emissions from other nations. 【答案】 111．distributing 112．to have inhabited 113．welcoming 114．is being swallowed 115．where 116．As 117．but 118．due to 119．them 120．to 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴布亚新几内亚卡特雷特群岛由于气候的变化导致了海平面的上升，所以这些岛屿变得不再适宜居住。 111．考查非谓语动词。句意：巴布亚新几内亚卡特雷特群岛位于南太平洋布干维尔东北86公里处，由呈马蹄形分布的低地岛屿组成，总陆地面积0.6平方公里，最高海拔1.5米。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作定语，和被修饰的名词之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填distributing。 112．考查非谓语动词。句意：卡特雷特群岛据信已有一千多年的历史。分析句子结构可知，本题考查固定句型“sth/sb. be believed to do”，意为“人们相信……”，根据句意可知，人们相信卡特雷特群岛已有一千多年的历史了，所以需要动词不定式的完成式，表示谓语时间之前发生过的事件，或从过去持续到谓语时间的状态。故填to have inhabited。 113．考查形容词。句意：人们非常热情、温柔、平静。分析句子结构可知，本句话为主系表结构，空处需要形容词welcoming“热情的”，作表语。故填welcoming。 114．考查时态语态。句意：现在，随着陆地被不断上涨的海水吞噬，岛民面临着不确定的未来。分析句子结构可知，空处为as引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词，根据句意可知，句子为现在进行时态，而主语和谓语动词之间为被动关系，所以句子为现在进行时态的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数。故填is being swallowed。 115．考查地点状语从句。句意：海滩存在于肥沃的土壤曾经存在的地方。根据句意可知，由于海水的上升，海滩现在出现在了肥沃的土壤曾经存在的地方，所以空处引导地点状语从句。故填where。 116．考查时间状语从句。句意：随着珊瑚和海草的死亡，鱼类的繁殖区也随之死亡。根据“so do the breeding areas for fish”可知，随着珊瑚和海草的死亡，鱼类的繁殖区也随之死亡。as可以引导时间状语从句，意为“随着”。故填As。 117．考查连词。句意：许多海堤已经建成，但收效甚微。根据前后语境可知，虽然许多海堤已经建成，但收效甚微。前后为转折关系，所以用连词but。故填but。 118．考查固定搭配。句意：卡特雷特岛上的居民被称为世界上第一批正式的气候变化难民，因为食物短缺、海平面上升、海岸线下沉以及风暴和潮汐的危险，他们被迫离开家园。根据空后“food shortages, rising sea levels, sinking shorelines, and the dangers of storms and tides”可知，由于空后的这些原因，所以卡特雷特岛上的居民被迫离开家园。固定搭配due to“由于”。故填due to。 119．考查代词。句意：摆在他们面前的是选择是留下来看着岛屿缩小并慢慢消失，还是尝试在其他地方重建他们的社区。空处指代前文的the Carteret islanders，意为“卡特雷特岛上的居民”，作介词of的宾语。故填them 120．考查固定搭配。句意：卡特雷特岛居民的故事说明了小岛屿国家和沿海社区如何成为气候变化导致海平面上升的受害者。固定搭配fall victim to“成为……的牺牲品（或受害者)”，to是介词。故填to。 13 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】 上海交通大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上期末考试英语试卷 “Party Cries” In Ireland Mark Twain Belfast is a peculiarly religious community. This may be said of the whole of the North of Ireland. About one-half of the people are convinced Protestants (清教徒) and the other half Catholics (天主教徒). Each party does all it can 121 (make) its own doctrines (信条) popular and draw the affections of the irreligious toward them. 122 hears constantly of the most touching instances of this passion. A week ago a vast crowd of Catholics assembled at Armagh to dedicate a new church; and when they started home again the roadways 123 (line) with groups of meek and lowly Protestants who stoned them 124 all the region round about was marked with blood. I thought that only Catholics argued in that way, 125 it seems to be a mistake. Every man in the community acts like a minister and carries a brick to argue against 126 holds different ideas. The law has tried to break this up, but not with perfect success. The law says that persons uttering (说) irritating “party cries” 127 be fined forty shillings (先令) and costs. And so, in the police court reports every day, one sees these fines 128 (record). Last week a girl of twelve years old was fined the usual forty shillings and costs 129 claiming in the public streets that she was “a Protestant.” The usual cry is, “To hell with the Pope!” or “To hell with the Protestants!” according to the utterer's system of salvation. One of Belfast's local jokes was very good. It referred to the uniform and inevitable fine of forty shillings and costs for uttering a party cry--and it is no economical fine for a poor man, either, by the way. They say that a policeman found a drunken man lying on the ground, up a dark alley, 130 (amuse) himself with shouting, “To hell with! To hell with!” The officer smelt a fine--informers get half. “What’s that you say?” “To hell with!” “To hell with who? To hell with what?” “Ah, ye can finish it yourself--it's too expensive for me!” I think the seditious disposition (倾向), restrained by the economical instinct, is finely put in that. 【答案】 121．to make 122．One 123．were lined 124．till 125．but 126．who 127．shall 128．recorded 129．for 130．amusing 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。是马克·吐温短篇小说《爱尔兰的“教派口号”》的节选改编。 121．考查不定式。句意：每一个政党都尽其所能使自己的教义广受欢迎，并吸引非宗教人士对他们的喜爱。分析句意可知，make“使得”需要改为不定式形式，作目的状语。故填to make。 122．考查代词。句意：人们经常听到这种激情最感人的例子。分析句意可知，此处需要使用代词one作主语，表示“普通大众，人们”。故填One。 123．考查被动语态。句意：一周前，大批天主教徒聚集在Armagh，准备为一座新教堂举行落成典礼；当他们再次回家时，道路两旁排满了一群温顺而卑微的新教徒，他们用石头砸他们，直到周围的地区都被鲜血染红。分析句意可知，谓语动词line“沿……排列成行”需要使用被动语态，因为其与主语the roadways“道路”构成动宾关系，且故事已经发生，使用一般过去时即可。故填were lined。 124．考查时间状语从句。句意：一周前，大批天主教徒聚集在Armagh，准备为一座新教堂举行落成典礼；当他们再次回家时，道路两旁排满了一群温顺而卑微的新教徒，他们用石头砸他们，直到周围的地区都被鲜血染红。分析句意可知，空格处需要填写连词引导时间状语从句，根据句意“新教徒用石头砸人，直到砸得到处都是鲜血才停下”可知，till“直到”符合语境。故填till。 125．考查连词。句意：我以为只有天主教徒会这样争论，但这似乎是个错误。根据下文“Every man in the community acts like a minister (社区里的每个人都像牧师)”可知并不只有天主教徒会这样争论，每个人都会，因此空格所在句是由存在转折关系的两个并列句构成的，需要使用but“但是”连接。故填but。 126．考查宾语从句。句意：社区里的每个人都像牧师一样，拿着一块砖头来反对持不同观点的人。分析句意可知，空格处应该使用关系代词who引导作介词against的宾语从句，且在句中作主语。 故填who。 127．考查情态动词。句意：法律规定，发出令人恼火的“教派口号”的人将被罚款40先令和费用。分析句意可知，空格处应该使用情态动词shall表示对将来肯定的推测，即如果发出“教派口号”将被罚款。故填shall。 128．考查过去分词。句意：因此，在警察法庭每天的报告中，人们都会看到这些罚款记录在案。分析句意可知，动词record“记录”应该使用过去分词形式作定语修饰fines“罚款”，因为两个为动宾关系，故使用过去分词形式。故填recorded。 129．考查介词。句意：上周，一名12岁的女孩因在公共街道上声称自己是“新教徒”而被处以40先令的罚款。分析句意可知，空格处填写介词for表示原因，即女孩被罚款是因为称自己是新教徒。故填for。 130．考查现在分词。句意：他们说，一名警察在一条黑暗的小巷里发现一个醉汉躺在地上，自我娱乐地大喊道：“见鬼去！见鬼去！”分析句意可知，动词amuse“使开心”需要使用现在分词形式amusing作宾语补足语，因为此处表示的是宾语a drunken man“一个醉汉”的持续性动作。故填amusing。 14 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市上海中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末练习英语试题 How language transformed humanity Language is very probably the one characteristic that separates us from the chimpanzees, our closest relatives. All other major differences between us likely stem from language. “It allows you to implant (植入) a thought from your mind directly into someone else’s mind”, says Mark Pagel, professor and head of the Evolution Laboratory at the University of Reading. Humans use discrete (分离的) pulses of sound—their language— 131 (alter) the internal settings inside someone else’s brain to suit an individual’s interests. Language is a form of social learning instead of something 132 (pursue) all by oneself. Social learning is visual theft: for example, if I can learn by watching you, I can steal (and benefit from) your best ideas, wisdom or skills without having to invest the time and energy to develop these 133 . There are two options for dealing with this crisis: either return into small family groups so the benefits of each group’s knowledge 134 (share) only with one’s relatives or expand one’s group to include unrelated others. 135 our relatives, the Neanderthals, who withdrew into small groups, humans chose the second option, and language was the result. “Language evolved to solve the crisis of visual theft and to exploit cooperation and exchange”, says Professor Pagel. In fact, as Professor Pagel argues, language is a “social technology” 136 (allow) for cooperation between unrelated individuals and groups. According to the archaeological record, it was this cooperation and sharing of ideas 137 came before human migration around the planet and the following human population explosion. But almost incomprehensibly, thousands of languages evolved. So just 138 a shared language facilitates communication and cooperation between unrelated groups, different languages slow the flow of ideas, technologies—and even genes. “Can humans afford to have all these different languages?” asks Professor Pagel. In a world 139 we want to promote cooperation, in a world that is more dependent than ever on cooperation to maintain and enhance humanity’s levels of prosperity, multiple languages 140 not be practical. In fact, humanity’s “destiny is to be one world with one language”, concludes Professor Pagel. 【答案】 131．to alter 132．pursued 133．things 134．are shared 135．Like 136．allowing 137．that 138．only 139．where 140．can 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言是如何改变人类的。 131．考查非谓语动词。句意：人类使用离散的声音脉冲——他们的语言——来改变别人大脑中的内部设置，以满足个人的兴趣。分析句子，句中use sth to do sth为固定短语，意为“使用某物去做某事”。故填to alter。 132．考查非谓语动词。句意：语言是社会学习的一种形式，而不是个人追求的东西。分析句子，设空处应该使用非谓语动词作后置定语，something和pursue之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词。故填pursued。 133．考查名词。句意：社交学习是视觉盗窃：例如，如果我可以通过观察你来学习，我就可以窃取(并受益于)你最好的想法、智慧或技能，而不需要投入时间和精力来发展这些东西。分析句子，设空处应该使用名词作宾语，此处表示前文的“想法、智慧或技能”。故用things。 134．考查动词。句意：应对这一危机有两种选择：要么回到小家庭群体，这样每个群体的知识收益只与自己的亲属分享，要么扩大自己的群体，包括不相关的其他人。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示客观事实故使用一般现在时，同时benefits 和share之间为被动关系，故使用一般现在时被动语态。故填are shared。 135．考查介词。句意：就像我们的亲戚尼安德特人一样，他们退缩成小群体，人类选择了第二种选择，语言就是结果。分析句子，设空处填写介词与后文our relatives构成介词短语，此处表示举例。用like，意为“像”；同时该空置于句首，首字母要大写。故填Like。 136．考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，正如佩格尔教授所言，语言是一种“社交技术”，允许不相关的个人和群体之间进行合作。分析句子，设空处使用非谓语动词，social technology与allow之间为主动，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填allowing。 137．考查强调句。句意：根据考古记录，这种合作和思想分享出现在人类在地球上的迁徙和随后的人口爆炸之前。分析句子，句中it was+强调的部分+that构成强调句，句中是对this cooperation and sharing of ideas进行强调。故填that。 138．考查副词。句意：因此，只有一种共同的语言才能促进不相关群体之间的交流和合作，不同的语言会减缓思想、技术甚至基因的流动。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语，just only意为“仅仅只有”符合句意。故填only。 139．考查定语从句。句意：在一个我们希望促进合作的世界里，在一个比以往任何时候都更加依赖合作来维持和促进人类繁荣水平的世界里，使用多种语言是不现实的。分析句子，设空处引导的是定语从句，先行词是world，引导词在从句中地点状语，用where。故填where。 140．考查情态动词。句意：同上。句中表示“不可能”情态动词用can。故填can。 15 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期诊断测试英语试题 A twist of fate When Tamara Rabi met Adriana Scott at a local McDonald’s restaurant, their lives changed forever. “I didn’t know what to say 141 ‘hi’. I was just so shocked -- it was like seeing myself,” says Adriana. They were both students at neighbouring universities in Long Island, New York, and they had grown up only 30 kilometres apart. They shared a birthday, they were exactly the same height and both loved hip hop. But the most important thing 142 was shared between them was the same Mexican mother. Both girls grew up knowing that their mother 143 (give) them up for adoption when they were born, but they had no idea 144 they had a twin sister. Then, Justin Lattore, a friend of Adriana’s, went to Tamara’s twentieth birthday party. When he walked in and saw Tamara, hardly 145 he believe his eyes. “I was just shocked -- she looked so much like Adriana,” says Justin. Then it got clear -- they had to be sisters. In fact, Tamara had already noticed that strangers on her university campus often smiled and said hello, clearly 146 (mistake) her for someone else. Following the birthday, Justin put the two girls in touch and they arranged the McDonald’s meeting by email. “ 147 she came towards me, she was walking like me, talking like me,” says Tamara. “We have the same mannerisms, the same interests and got the same grades at school,” adds Adriana. The girl even discovered that as children they had often had the same nightmare of a really loud noise 148 (follow) by a very quiet one. They had another sad factor in common. 149 of their adoptive fathers had died a few years before they met. Now the twins are finishing their studies, and they meet often. “I feel she’s my sister, but our relationship right now is more like friends,” says Tamara. She’s optimistic and excited that their futures will be together. “We will always have each other. We don’t have any other brothers and sisters -- we are sure 150 (grow) old together!” 【答案】 141．except 142．that 143．had given 144．that 145．did 146．mistaking 147．When 148．followed 149．Both 150．to grow 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。Justin Lattore参加Tamara Rabi的生日派对时，发现她与朋友Adriana Scott长相相似，他认为两者是姐妹，便安排她们在麦当劳见面。原来她们是双胞胎姐妹，却从小分开；她们身上有很多共同点，以后她们会相互陪伴着走下去，慢慢变老。 141．考查介词。句意：“除了‘嗨’，我不知道该说什么。根据后面I was just so shocked -- it was like seeing myself. Adriana很震惊，因为就像看到了她自己，可知此处应该是惊讶地只能说“hi”了。except“除…之外”，符合语境。故填except。 142．考查定语从句关系词，句意：但他们之间最重要的联系是有同一个墨西哥母亲。分析句子结构知，__2__ was shared between them是定语从句，先行词是the most important thing，被最高级修饰，且从句中缺少主语，故应该是that。故填that。 143．考查动词时态。句意：两个女孩在成长过程中都知道，她们一出生，母亲就把她们交给了别人收养。grew up这个动作发生在过去，母亲把她们交给（give）别人抚养发生在grow up之前，也就是说give的动作发生在grew up之前，grew up是过去时，所以give发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时。故填had given。 144．考查宾语从句连接词。句意：但她们不知道自己有一个双胞胎妹妹。分析句子结构知，空后是一个宾语从句，应用that连接。故填that。 145．考查倒装句。句意：当他走进来看见Tamara时，简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。分析结构知，此处是倒装句，且为一般过去时。 hardly在句首，主句要用倒装结构即谓语动词did要放在主语前。故填did。 146．考查非谓语动词。句意：她在大学校园里，陌生人经常微笑着给她打招呼，显然把她错当成了别人。分析句子结构知，此句在本句中作状语，且mistake与主语strangers为主动关系，故用现在分词。故填mistaking。 147．考查时间状语连接词。句意：当她向我走来的时候，她走路姿态和我一样，说话方式也和我一样。根据句意可知，此为时间状语从句，came为不可延续动词，故填When。 148．考查动词语态。句意：这个女孩甚至发现，当他们还是孩子的时候，经常会做同样的噩梦，先是听到非常大的噪音，然后是非常安静的噪音。分析句子结构可知，此处是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰前面的noise，故填followed。 149．考查代词。句意：她们的养父们在她们相遇前几年都去世了。此处是指双胞胎姐妹二人，故填Both。 150．考查不定式。句意：我们没有其他的兄弟姐妹——我们一定会一起变老的!be sure to do sth.一定会做某事，故填to grow。 【点睛】定语从句中只能使用that的情况： 1.    先行词为anything，everything，nothing等不定代词。 Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能给你做点什么吗？ 2.    先行词为all，any，much，many词。 Tom told her mother all that had happened. 汤姆把事情的全部情况告诉了他的妈妈。 3.    先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰。 This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had. (这是我度过的最美好的时光。) 如第2小题为这种情况，先行词thing被最高级修饰，故填that。 4.    当先行词是序数词修饰。 He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。 5.    先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last修饰。 This will be the last chance that he can get.这将会是他得到的唯一机会。 6.    先行词里同时含有人或物。 They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.他们谈论他们记得的有关学校的事和人。 7.    当主句是以who，which开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是who。 Which is the book that he bought from the library yesterday? 哪本是你们昨天从图书馆借来的？ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二上学期期末考点大串讲（上海） 专题01 语法填空题精选15篇 （原题版） 01 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市上海中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 Future living: what will the home of tomorrow look like? What will our homes be like in the future? Growing cities, shrinking living spaces, and climate change are major challenges 1 (face) urban planners and architects. We’re sharing three trends with you 2 will shape the home we live in tomorrow. Energy efficient and carbon neutral One of the greatest challenges for homes of the future is our increasing energy consumption, something that cannot be covered by fossil fuels going forward. 3 the impact of climate change becoming notable, it’s perfectly understandable that the buildings of the future could function as environmentally friendly power plants. Solar collectors and heat storage systems allow 4 are known as ‘plus-energy buildings’ to produce 100 percent renewable energy for emission-free operation. The trend to downsizing Living more efficiently not only means improving energy use and reducing one’s own carbon footprint, but also building to save space. Rooms 5 (design) to be multifunctional when there’s not a dedicated room available for every potential purpose. Modular and flexible furnishing systems that can be adapted to the individual floor space and room zones will replace 6 (fix) structures, ensuring that there’s room for everything even in a small space.   Trends for living and working under one roof Over the last few months, the office 7 (become) a feature in many people’s homes. For a number of years now, the home office has been evolving from a make-do desk into a comfortable long-term solution. This development means we need to ask 8 how we should construct our living spaces to allow us to concentrate and work productively.   9 you rent or own your own home in the future, what’s clear is that the home of tomorrow will be smarter, more flexible, and more sustainable. It will offer us space 10 (live), sleep and work both indoors and outdoors. 02 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市育才中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试卷 City streets are littered with all kinds of refuse. On just about every street and sidewalk, one can find old newspaper, crushed cans, food wrappers, and discarded cigarettes, not to mention blobs (斑点) of old chewing gum 11 (stick) on walls, street poles, and on the ground. Of all these, gum is one of the hardest things to clean up. In its attempt 12 (clean) discarded gum off the streets and sidewalks, the authorities in London have tried everything from tools that shoot high-pressure water and steam to various kinds of chemicals 13 dissolve the gum. But nothing seems to work. The streets 14 (dot) with unattractive blobs of the stuff. Or at least they were unattractive 15 Ben Wilson came along. Ben Wilson is an artist on a mission. He wants to make good use of 16 others have thrown away and no one else wants: old chewing gum. When Mr. Wilson finds gum on the ground, down he goes with his painting supplies and sets out to create a work of art. He uses the discarded blobs of old gum 17 canvases (画布) for his mini paintings. After finishing a work, Mr. Wilson takes a picture of 18 for his archive. 19 (paint) all the gum on the streets of London could be a never-ending task for Ben Wilson. On a single street like High Street Barnet, it took him more than one month to paint all of the gum that he found in just three blocks. And new canvases are being spit out every day on streets. But he does not seem worried. As he told a reporter in one interview, “I’m just going to keep painting and see 20 the enthusiasm takes me.” 03 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题 The internet and its cultural impact are most often viewed through the lens of the “tech bro”. Biographies, and memoirs about these big-tech bosses have shaped readers’ understanding of 21 the online world changes the offline one. But these books rarely mention the principal figures who have shaped the experience of being online: social-media influencers. Influencers—the (usually female) people behind the most popular accounts on Instagram, TikTok and YouTube—have large followings, often in the hundreds of thousands or millions. People like Jackie Aina, Matilda Djerf and Molly-Mae Hague earn a living from a combination of sponsored posts, commissions 22 (make) through associate links and by creating their own brands, from fake tan to eyeshadows. Though they shape digital culture, too often influencers 23 (dismiss) as fame-hungry celebrities, who post about the details of their lives and mindlessly promote branded products for eye-watering sums. But a new crop of books takes the influencer industry 24 (seriously) by exploring the way social media’s most popular users are reshaping the global economy and changing what the average person views online. Taylor Lorenz, 25 technology writer for the Washington Post, is a leading voice on social-media trends and internet culture. Her book, “Extremely Online”, argues that influencers hold huge power: “Tech founders may control the source code, 26 it is users who shape the product.” Charting the history of the influencer from the 1990s to today, Ms. Lorenz argues influencers rose by making fame and luxury less “sealed off”. Like reality-TV stars, early influencers created a new, niche sort of celebrity, popular enough 27 (draw) attention but still unrecognizable to most. Ms. Lorenz makes the case that, despite its bad rap, influencing has “given more people the chance to benefit directly from their labor than at any other time in history”, 28 (entertain) readers with stories about “mommy bloggers” turning the pain of parenthood into six-figure businesses and teens becoming multi-millionaires through short comedy skits. Some experts estimate as much as 90% of online content could be AI-generated by 2026. 29 the number of believable posts and photos produced by AI soars, influencers will face significantly more competition for internet users’ attention. No influencer, 30 _______ _______skilled they have proved to be at using the internet to gain popularity and profits in the past, is guaranteed to retain any kind of influence in the next technological transformation. 04 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市吴淞中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 Throughout the world, only 15% of the material that are used to make clothing is properly recycled, according to the Alle SacUrthur Club, an organization in Liverpool, UK, that boosts the circular economy. Most clothing waste—an 31 (estimate) 82 million tonnes from the fashion industry alone-produced every year ends up buried or burnt. 32 (handle) all that waste, methods to recover and reuse the material are intended as an active response to the future risks by researchers and start-up companies. Much of their focus is on chemical recycling, 33 the material is broken down into its building blocks and applied to create new materials, including fibres that 34 (weave) into new clothes. The challenges lie in 35 (develop) the processes for such treatment. They have to be practical, but they also have to be at least as cost-effective as simply making new fibres. 36 the natural cellulose fibres from cotton, some other materials include human-made cellulosic fibres. They are derived from wood-pulp cellulose and may be used to produce materials such as viscose (rayon) and a similar material called lyocell. A change in the manufacturing process is being applied to the textile-waste problem by Essen, a start-up in Seattle, Washington. 37 the company has fundamentally devoted to the process is that it uses discarded textiles, instead of wood, as the source of its cellulose. It has also adjusted the process to produce a fibre that the firm’s co-founder and president Christo Stan says is superior to 38 other cellulosics and cotton, and that can be recycled more times. Although there are abundant technical challenges, the main barrier 39 widespread textile recycling could be economic, says materials engineer Lijiang Jiang at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Atlanta. “Most of the materials are not that invaluable,” Jiang says. So cheap it is to produce polyester, cotton and other fabrics 40 there’s little profit margin unless the recycling processes themselves are very inexpensive. 05 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. You know that the business of business is making money. What you may not realize is 41 simple that business is. You need two fundamental ingredients — a good product that customers want to own, and bright, charismatic people who will 42 sell it and, if necessary, defend it. And of the two — 43 (desire) product and competent people — good people are, in the long run, more important than good products. You can’t expect to produce one popular product after another. You can, however, cover your bets by staffing your enterprise with superb employees who will continue to reflect the company’s strengths 44 _______the products are weak. It is your responsibility to keep those employees 45 (perform) as well as they can. They won’t remain superb 46 reliable leadership and, infact, there is a perfect time to address this issue. Most successful companies have a defining moment 47 profits are skyrocketing, and business 48 not be better. That is precisely the time to look closely at your customer service. That you are earning more money than ever before 49 (indicate) your product is terrific, but it doesn’t necessarily mean the same about your customer service. It is the ideal time to examine your reputation and expand the success you are earning from your product to include customer service. Every business wants to be known for its customer service. Although even a slow but steady giant such as Radio Shack Corporation will often come up with a hot product, it is its customer service 50 keeps it in business year after year. 【来源】上海市育才中学2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试卷 06 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市七宝中学2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题 You know what they say, marriage is like a box of chocolates and you never know what you are gonna get. My wife and I had a “ferocious” argument the other night 51 we were watching one episode of the latest season of a reality show called See You Again. Basically, the show was about three couples 52 (embark) on an 18-day vacation to try to work out their marital issues in the hope of saving their marriages. For them, it was really a make-it-or-break-it vacation. 53 we both agreed on most men’s incompetence in expressing their true feelings in any intimate relationship, my still beloved wife and I failed miserably to see eye to eye on reasons for that. She blamed it on men’s upbringing while I thought it had more to do with the influence of outdated social norms and stereotypes on men. Our society 54 (discourage) emotional expression in men for ages, telling them they can’t shed a tear or show any vulnerability. These outdated ideas about what it means to be a man have messed them up big time. To me, it is no wonder that in the marriage market, the most common type available   55 women is the silent but dominant type of men with the whole breadwinner and homemaker roles still   56 (stick) in their heads. So when things don’t go that way, of course, they will feel lost. “Intimidated” by my rigorous logic, my wife purposefully shifted the focus of her argument to 57 we two should raise our son and what I could have done better if I had taken her advice seriously. However, things started to get much 58 (personal) when both of us seemed to run out of witty arguments. Realizing this disagreement would lead us nowhere, I wasted no time apologizing to her for my ill-considered words with dignity and offered to clean the plates piling up in the sink 59 _________I cooked dinner that night! Faced with an offer she couldn’t refuse, my wife kindly reminded me 60 (not forget) to dry the towel when I was done. Apology accepted, hence case closed. At the end of the day, I exhibited my vulnerability as requested and she showed her mercy as expected. We just agreed to disagree and lived happily ever after. 07 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市闵行中学2023-2024学年高二上学期12月英语学情调研英语试题 The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world’s supply of water. With 97% of the world’s water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. 61 the idea of a water shortage seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the world’s agricultural industries   62 (experience) constant water shortages. Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. One typical example is   63 where valleys are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to 64 . Each country   65 therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements. This is particularly   66 (trouble) for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation. In Texas, farmers’ overuse of irrigation water 67 (result) in a 25% reduction of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water engineering project provides water 68 farming in dry valleys, but much of the water use is being poorly managed. Saudi Arabia’s attempts 69 (grow) wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping   70 (see) them run dry. 08 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市东华大学附属奉贤致远中学2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题 How do you define success? What do you think a successful person is? Someone who makes a lot of money? Someone who is remembered by future generations? Or someone who changes the world? A volunteer teacher and his students came to remind us of our more humble measures of success. Liang Jun sang the poem alongside a group of his students from the incredibly poor Wu Meng Mountain region in southwest China. The poem, by the famous poet Yuan Mei, 71 (entitle) Moss (苔). The message goes like this: 72 it is tiny, seemingly insignificant and has worse conditions for growth, moss is able to grow and flourish just like the peony. In the modern world, more and more individuals from rural areas 73 (flood) into cities to find success. With this wave of urbanization, competition for jobs, love and just about everything else is fierce. Ordinary people 74 (lack) connections, a desirable appearance or other desired qualities can often feel frustrated with their circumstances. The poem serves as a reminder for everyone 75 we don’t have to be the peony. When we study human history, we come across names like Genghis Khan, Neil Armstrong and Mao Zedong. We credit these individuals with tremendous achievements, but we tend to forget the countless individuals 76 helped them achieve greatness. Mongol leader Genghis Khan wouldn’t have been able to conquer half of Europe and Asia 77 his incredible army. Nor could Chairman Mao have possibly built the People’s Republic of China by 78 . So, is it truly necessary for our names 79 (write) down in history books? Most people will likely forget about Liang Jun and his brief appearance on CCTV. However, everyone 80 (inspire) will remember his message. They will take heart from his inspirational words，and open their own paths in life. The poem Moss may live longer in our memories and inspire many future generations to achieve their measures of success. 09 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市朱家角中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末质量检测英语试题 Recently, I flew to Las Vegas to attend a meeting. As we were about to arrive, the pilot announced with an apology 81 there would be a slight delay before setting down. High desert winds had forced the airport to close all but one runway. He said that we would be circling the city for a few minutes waiting to land. We were also told to remain in our seats meanwhile with our seat belts 82 (fasten) because there might be a few bumps. Well, that few minutes turned into about forty-five minutes, including a ride that would make a roller coaster 83 (pale) by comparison. The movement was so sudden that several passengers felt sick and had to use airsickness bags. 84 you might guess, that’s not a good thing to happen in a narrow space because it only serves to increase the discomfort of the situation. About twenty minutes into the adventure, the entire airplane became very quiet. There was now a sense of anxiety and fear that could be distinctly noticed. Every passenger simply held on for dear life … 85 one. A baby was having a good time! With each bump of the aircraft, he 86 let out a giggle of happiness. As I observed this, I realized that he didn’t know he was supposed to be afraid and worried about his safety. He 87 thought about the past nor about the future. Those are 88 we grown-ups have learned from experience. He was enjoying the ride because he 89 (not teach) to fear it. 90 (understand) this, I took a deep breath and sat back into my seat, pretending I was really on a roller coaster. I smiled for the rest of the flight. I even managed to giggle once or twice, which is much to the surprise of the man sitting next to me and holding an airsickness bag. 10 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市浦东区南汇中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末练习英语 Mirror, Mirror, on the Wall: Can Animals Recognize Their Reflection at All? Daniel Povinelli was in high school when he first read about an experiment published in 1970. It left a deep impression 91 him as it showed that chimpanzees, rather than monkeys, can recognize themselves in mirrors. All it took was a simple mirror 92 (reveal) that our close chimpanzee relatives are self-aware. This famous mirror self-recognition experiment was conducted in the 1960s by scientist Gordon Gallup, Jr. No such tests had been done before 93 people had long observed animals interacting with mirrors. In this experiment, the chimps originally tried to attack the image in the mirror. But after a couple of days, they began using the mirror to examine parts of their bodies such as their teeth. He then anesthetized(使麻醉) them and put red dye on their face. The chimps later woke up and reacted to the unexpected mirror image as if they 94 understand that the marks were on their own faces. In Gallup’s view, passing this test proved that the chimps had self-awareness, which was an evolutionary leap 95 (make) only by humans and their close relatives and led to empathy and higher-level thinking. Though convinced at first, Povinelli now holds a different view on what animals may be doing after spending years 96 (commit) himself to studying mirrors and higher-order consciousness for years. He holds that animals may have a 97 (complicated) sense of their own body’s movement than we imagine. With that kind of physical self-concept, a chimp could use a mirror as a tool to examine its body. But that wouldn’t indicate anything about the richness of the animal’s inner life. Recent research also shows monkeys can actually learn to perform this skill, if they 98 (give) the proper training. Povinelli says people 99 live with cats and dogs tend to project their own understanding of the world onto their pets. Since they can’t directly ask 100 their pets are experiencing, their projection is very likely to be wrong. 11 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市奉贤区致远高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末教学评估英语试题 Italian astronaut shows beauty of ancient Chinese composition in space Besides “Wow” and “Great,” what else would you say 101 flying over the Earth in space? Samantha Cristoforetti, the first Italian female astronaut in space, posted several lines of a famous ancient Chinese composition on Twitter 102 (share) her joy. She first wrote in Chinese, and then attached an accurate translation of the lines in both Italian and English 103 more people could understand the Chinese composition. She also attached three photos taken in space of China’s Bohai Bay and the day-night view of Beijing, the country’s capital. 104 the first Italian female astronaut in space, Cristoforetti carried out her first space mission on Nov. 23, 2014. She started the second mission in April and returned to Earth on Friday night after a 127-day long stay in orbit. Cristoforetti has been active in Sino-European cooperation in the field of manned spaceflight. She was a working group member 105 (task) with keeping in touch with Chinese counterparts to define and implement cooperation in the field of astronaut operations. In 2017, she took part in a sea survival exercise organized by the Astronaut Center of China in the Yellow Sea, 106 was the first joint training of Chinese and foreign astronauts in China. An agreement 107 (sign) in 2015 between China and Europe on cooperation in the field of manned spaceflight, specifying the participation of China and Europe in each other’s astronaut training activities. 108 (speak) clear Chinese, Cristoforetti once told the media that the teams from China and Europe 109 (work) very well together in the field of astronaut training during the joint training. She joined the Italian Air Force in 2001 and 110 (accumulate) more than 500 hours of flight experience. In May 2009, Cristoforetti was one of the six chosen from 8,000 European applicants to join the ESA astronaut corps. 12 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市南洋模范中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 Meet the Islands Located 86 km north-east of Bougainville in the South Pacific, the Carteret Islands of Papua New Guinea are composed of low-lying islands 111 (distribute) in a horseshoe shape, with a total land area of 0.6 square kilometers and a maximum elevation of 1.5 meters above sea level. The Carteret Islands are believed 112 (inhabit) for more than one thousand years. Few places are as calm, peaceful and beautiful as the seaside here on a calm day. People are very 113 (welcome), gentle, and calm. There’s no phone network, shops, computers, roads, cars, or motorbikes. Food is cooked on open fires. People here live sustainably. They don’t overfish or pollute, making no contribution to the warming of our planet. However, they are feeling the consequences of the climate change. Now, as the land 114 (swallow) by the rising sea, the islanders are faced with an uncertain future. Storms and high tides wash away homes, destroy vegetable gardens and pollute fresh water supplies. The trees on the island are also being impacted by the saltwater. The beach exists 115 fertile soil once did. 116 the coral and seagrasses die, so do the breeding areas for fish. Many seawalls have been built 117 with little success. The islands have gradually become uninhabitable. The Carteret islanders are labelled as the world’s first official climate-change refugees, as they are forced to abandon their homelands 118 ______ food shortages, rising sea levels, sinking shorelines, and the dangers of storms and tides. In front of 119 is the choice whether to stay and watch the islands shrink and slowly disappear or try to rebuild their community somewhere else. Yet, the relocation is not a move embraced by most, and some are unhappy living away from their home, and have returned after struggling to adapt. On the other hand, relocation will be a great challenge to the preservation of the identity and culture of the Carteret islanders. The Carteret Islanders’ story illustrates how small island states and coastal communities fall victim 120 rising sea levels caused by climate change. The Carteret Islanders, with a carbon footprint among the lowest in the world, will be among the first to have to leave their homes because of rising seas caused by emissions from other nations. 13 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】 上海交通大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上期末考试英语试卷 “Party Cries” In Ireland Mark Twain Belfast is a peculiarly religious community. This may be said of the whole of the North of Ireland. About one-half of the people are convinced Protestants (清教徒) and the other half Catholics (天主教徒). Each party does all it can 121 (make) its own doctrines (信条) popular and draw the affections of the irreligious toward them. 122 hears constantly of the most touching instances of this passion. A week ago a vast crowd of Catholics assembled at Armagh to dedicate a new church; and when they started home again the roadways 123 (line) with groups of meek and lowly Protestants who stoned them 124 all the region round about was marked with blood. I thought that only Catholics argued in that way, 125 it seems to be a mistake. Every man in the community acts like a minister and carries a brick to argue against 126 holds different ideas. The law has tried to break this up, but not with perfect success. The law says that persons uttering (说) irritating “party cries” 127 be fined forty shillings (先令) and costs. And so, in the police court reports every day, one sees these fines 128 (record). Last week a girl of twelve years old was fined the usual forty shillings and costs 129 claiming in the public streets that she was “a Protestant.” The usual cry is, “To hell with the Pope!” or “To hell with the Protestants!” according to the utterer's system of salvation. One of Belfast's local jokes was very good. It referred to the uniform and inevitable fine of forty shillings and costs for uttering a party cry--and it is no economical fine for a poor man, either, by the way. They say that a policeman found a drunken man lying on the ground, up a dark alley, 130 (amuse) himself with shouting, “To hell with! To hell with!” The officer smelt a fine--informers get half. “What’s that you say?” “To hell with!” “To hell with who? To hell with what?” “Ah, ye can finish it yourself--it's too expensive for me!” I think the seditious disposition (倾向), restrained by the economical instinct, is finely put in that. 14 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市上海中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末练习英语试题 How language transformed humanity Language is very probably the one characteristic that separates us from the chimpanzees, our closest relatives. All other major differences between us likely stem from language. “It allows you to implant (植入) a thought from your mind directly into someone else’s mind”, says Mark Pagel, professor and head of the Evolution Laboratory at the University of Reading. Humans use discrete (分离的) pulses of sound—their language— 131 (alter) the internal settings inside someone else’s brain to suit an individual’s interests. Language is a form of social learning instead of something 132 (pursue) all by oneself. Social learning is visual theft: for example, if I can learn by watching you, I can steal (and benefit from) your best ideas, wisdom or skills without having to invest the time and energy to develop these 133 . There are two options for dealing with this crisis: either return into small family groups so the benefits of each group’s knowledge 134 (share) only with one’s relatives or expand one’s group to include unrelated others. 135 our relatives, the Neanderthals, who withdrew into small groups, humans chose the second option, and language was the result. “Language evolved to solve the crisis of visual theft and to exploit cooperation and exchange”, says Professor Pagel. In fact, as Professor Pagel argues, language is a “social technology” 136 (allow) for cooperation between unrelated individuals and groups. According to the archaeological record, it was this cooperation and sharing of ideas 137 came before human migration around the planet and the following human population explosion. But almost incomprehensibly, thousands of languages evolved. So just 138 a shared language facilitates communication and cooperation between unrelated groups, different languages slow the flow of ideas, technologies—and even genes. “Can humans afford to have all these different languages?” asks Professor Pagel. In a world 139 we want to promote cooperation, in a world that is more dependent than ever on cooperation to maintain and enhance humanity’s levels of prosperity, multiple languages 140 not be practical. In fact, humanity’s “destiny is to be one world with one language”, concludes Professor Pagel. 15 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期诊断测试英语试题 A twist of fate When Tamara Rabi met Adriana Scott at a local McDonald’s restaurant, their lives changed forever. “I didn’t know what to say 141 ‘hi’. I was just so shocked -- it was like seeing myself,” says Adriana. They were both students at neighbouring universities in Long Island, New York, and they had grown up only 30 kilometres apart. They shared a birthday, they were exactly the same height and both loved hip hop. But the most important thing 142 was shared between them was the same Mexican mother. Both girls grew up knowing that their mother 143 (give) them up for adoption when they were born, but they had no idea 144 they had a twin sister. Then, Justin Lattore, a friend of Adriana’s, went to Tamara’s twentieth birthday party. When he walked in and saw Tamara, hardly 145 he believe his eyes. “I was just shocked -- she looked so much like Adriana,” says Justin. Then it got clear -- they had to be sisters. In fact, Tamara had already noticed that strangers on her university campus often smiled and said hello, clearly 146 (mistake) her for someone else. Following the birthday, Justin put the two girls in touch and they arranged the McDonald’s meeting by email. “ 147 she came towards me, she was walking like me, talking like me,” says Tamara. “We have the same mannerisms, the same interests and got the same grades at school,” adds Adriana. The girl even discovered that as children they had often had the same nightmare of a really loud noise 148 (follow) by a very quiet one. They had another sad factor in common. 149 of their adoptive fathers had died a few years before they met. Now the twins are finishing their studies, and they meet often. “I feel she’s my sister, but our relationship right now is more like friends,” says Tamara. She’s optimistic and excited that their futures will be together. “We will always have each other. We don’t have any other brothers and sisters -- we are sure 150 (grow) old together!” 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $