专题02 词汇填空题（精选名校试题15篇）【考题猜想】-2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末考点大串讲（上海）

高二上学期期末考点大串讲（上海） 专题02 词汇填空题精选15篇 （原题版） 01 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市育才中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试卷 A．harvest B．expressed C． nutrient D．foundation  E. emerging  F. tragedy G. strategy H. endure  I. overcome J. glorious  K. ceasing From the golden-tipped fields of mid-west America to the ancient kingdoms of verdant Palestine, there is a happy truth to be shared with all who would take care. In more recent times, this truth has been 1 as: April showers bring May flowers. This is a truth that promises light bursting from darkness, strength born from weakness and, if one dares to believe, life 2 from death. Farmers all over the world know importance and immutability(不变) of the seasons. They know there is a season to plant and a season to 3 ; everything must be done in its own time. Although the rain pours down with the utmost relentlessness(无情), 4 all outdoor activities, the man of the field lifts his face to the heavens and smiles. Despite the inconvenience, he knows that the rain provides the 5 substance his crops need to grow and florish. The torrential rains in the month of April, give rise to the 6 flowers in the month of May. But this ancient truth applies to more than the crops of the fields; it is an invaluable message of hope to all who experience 7 in life. A dashed relationship with one can open up the door to a brand new friendship with another. A lost job here can provide the opportunity for a better job there. A broken dream can become the 8 of a wonderful future. Everything has its place. Remember this: overwhelming darkness may 9 for a night; yet the radiant light of the morning will never be 10 . When you are in a season of sorrow, hang in there, because a season of joy may be just around the corner. 02 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市上海中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 A．replace    B．trustworthy         C． apparently            D．pick E. owe        AB．expressing     AC． land            AD．ironically AE. version    BC． position         BD．challenging     What Is 2023’s Word of the Year, According to Dictionaries? What word defined the past year for you? Find out if your answer matches the actual word of the year from four famous dictionaries. Cambridge Dictionary’s 11 for 2023 is hallucinate. The common definition of hallucinate is “to see or hear things that are not really there because of illness or drugs.” In 2023, however, to hallucinate can mean something different, thanks to AI. According to Cambridge’s alternate definition of hallucinating, “when an artificial intelligence hallucinates, it produces false information.” Sure, using AI can be fun for creating dog selfies or could even help you 12 a job, but it’s likely to produce misleading or made-up facts — or “hallucinating.” Those dictionary people are 13 all on the same page. Similar to Cambridge, Collins Dictionary’s word of the year is the broader term AI. ChatGPT was released in late 2022, with companies attempting to use it to cut costs, worrying employees that it would 14 their jobs. AI pioneers and creators began 15 concerns that AI could be “dangerous” and operated by “bad actors.” President Biden even issued an executive order on “safe, secure and 16 artificial intelligence.” With Merriam-Webster’s word authentic, we have an AI trifecta (三连胜)! While its core meaning is the same — “not false or imitation” — it should 17 its popularity in 2023 to AI, with the rise in deepfake videos and the potential use of AI in entertainment. However, being authentic is also about being “true to one’s own personality, spirit or character.” Are the public figures you look up to being true to themselves? As people search for authenticity, Merriam-Webster notes, “ 18 , with ‘authentic content creators’... authenticity has become a performance.” Oxford slides in at the last minute with a totally different word of the year for 2023: rizz. This noun means “style, charm or attractiveness”. It’s believed to be a shortened 19 of the word charisma, a special magnetic charm or appeal. It also hints at a changing attitude in 2023. “It’s interesting to see a contrasting word like rizz come to the forefront, perhaps showing that this year more of us are opening ourselves after a few 20 years and finding confidence in who we are,” notes Casper Grathwohl, president of Oxford Languages. 03 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题 A．ceaselessly   B．consists   C． flavored   D．markets   E. modest    F. perfect G. presence     H. spread    I. registered   J. sights     K. specifically Opposite a university campus on the outskirts of Jakarta, motorbikes line the front of Ricky Salim’s ice-cream and tea store, one of thousands of Mixue franchise owners across Asia. This Chinese firm, which built its brand selling teas and soft-serve ice-cream in smaller Chinese cities with relatively 21 average incomes, is exporting its model across South-East Asia. Its nearly 22,000 franchised stores worldwide have made it the fifth-largest fast-food chain in the world. Part of the reason for Mixue’s success 22 in selling Asia’s favourite drink: bubble tea, a milky tea containing chewy tapioca balls. In China, the market for these 23 teas was twice that for coffee in 2021, with a $20bn turnover, according to Momentum Works, a research firm in Singapore. As growth has slowed in China, bubble-tea brands have set their 24 on South-East Asia, where the market was worth $4bn. Several other large Chinese tea brands, including HeyTea, Nayuki Tea, ChaGee and Happy Lemon, have also moved into the region. Yet no ready-made bubble-tea chain has 25 faster than Mixue, which opened its first store in Vietnam in 2018. By March it had around 1,500 stores in Indonesia; the firm wants to double its 26 there by the end of this year. Unlike fancier bubble-tea brands, Mixue 27 itself as cheap and cheerful, rather than trendy. Its viral song has been translated into 20 languages and is often played 28 in its franchises. “What it took our China team ten or 20 years to figure out, we’ve been able to 29 in just one year by learning from their experiences,” says Mr. Hartanto. Mixue’s biggest ambitions for growth are in countries with emerging economies and many young people. Yet over the past year Mixue stores have also opened in Australia, Japan, Singapore and South Korea, and the firm has 30 its trademark in markets from Europe and America to Uzbekistan. It has announced plans for an initial public offering on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. The singing snowman is coming your way. 04 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 A．voyaged   B．barely   C． renowned   D．abnormality   E. discipline   F. navigable G. unprecedented   H. eyed   I. Fortunately   J. accessible   K. degradation For voyager and green promoter Zhai Mo, the 504-day non-stop voyage to the Arctic Ocean has stimulated his concern about the climate and awareness of his responsibilities. Navigating more than 28,000 nautical miles (51,856 kilometers) in harsh conditions, Zhai, a (n) 31 Chinese explorer, returned to Shanghai on his aluminum sailboat on Nov 17, along with two crew members, becoming the first man to successfully circle, both ways, the Arctic Ocean without stop. “This non-stop Arctic Ocean circle route can be said to be 32 . We 33 both the northeast and northwest routes while previous explorers only chose one route. This is a self-challenge and transcendence in the history of human navigation,” the 54-year-old says. Zhai undertook this task as an ambassador of the Chinese navigation science and marine public welfare, and also the ForNature Campaign of the United Nations Development Program. He set sail on June 30 last year to raise public awareness of global warming, climate change and land 34 . During the trip, he crossed the East China Sea, the Western Pacific, the Bering Strait, the Chukchi Sea, the East Siberian Sea and the Beaufort Sea. He saw dolphins, whales, walruses, sea lions and seals, as well as shoals of cod and wolf fishes. “When we passed through the Northwest Pacific Ocean on our way back, we encountered three typhoons within a week, which 35 happened in the past,” Zhai recalls. Zhai didn’t see any floating ice during his one-week voyage in the Kara Sea while the previous meteorological data showed ice there. “My own experience tells me that climate 36 is obvious now,” Zhai says. The voyage, to enter the Arctic Ocean from the Bering Strait before making a round trip returning to Shanghai, was planned to take four months, but the return schedule was delayed for more than a year. “As soon as we entered the Bering Strait, we encountered a polar cyclone. A large number of ice floes and icebergs were blown to the coast. However, the Arctic Ocean can only be 37 near land, so we had been carefully crossing between ice floes and icebergs for a long time and the speed was only 1 to 3 knots,” Zhai says. But for Zhai, the most difficult part of the whole voyage was around 75 degrees north. The Arctic Ocean is known as the “dead channel”, Zhai says, adding that the location where the Titanic went down was on his route and dotted with countless icebergs. After entering the iceberg region, Zhai navigated the sailboat while the two crew members went on watch to report on the menacing ice. Despite the precaution, the boat hit an iceberg near Greenland, causing water seepage below the waterline that had to be dealt with. Meanwhile, compasses and electronic goods on the boat failed because of the magnetic field. “I had never encountered this situation in sailing before,” says Zhai. 38 , he took a fiber optic compass specially used for high latitude navigation, and managed to leave this area with visual aids. In addition to ice floes and icebergs, Zhai and his team also faced severe tests such as heavy fog, strong winds and huge waves. When sailing through the Chukchi Sea, the boat navigated around a large area of ice floes and heavy fog resulting in visibility of no more than 10 meters. They spent nearly 11 hours to get just 50 nautical miles. “We tried to leave as soon as possible during our voyage in the Arctic Ocean,” he says, adding that there was a constant danger of being trapped by the ice. Zhai was attracted by sailing when holding an art exhibition abroad in 2000. In 2007, he got a second-hand sailboat with simple supplies, such as instant noodles, pancakes and potatoes, and started his voyage trip around the world. After that 35,000-nautical-mile voyage, Zhai 39 an Arctic Ocean journey. “Navigation is a comprehensive 40 . You should know not only astronomy but also geography. You also need to be a carpenter, fitter, hammerer and painter, and should be able to survive in a harsh, outdoor environment,” Zhai says. He adds that he hopes more young people would participate in navigation, to promote and publicize the ocean awareness and navigation spirit. He is preparing for the third voyage trip around the world next year or the year after that. “Antarctica is also a very big challenge. I hope to explore more unknowns, and I also want to launch a transoceanic sailing competition.” 05 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市徐汇区南洋模范中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末模拟试卷 A．comprehensive B．spread C． impact D．incredible E. observed F. compared G. success H. firmly I. combination J. heavily K. motivate A new report by the World Health Organization (WHO) reveals that around one in a hundred deaths worldwide is due to passive smoking, which kills an estimated 600,000 people a year. In the first study to assess the global 41 of second-hand smoke, WHO experts find that children are more 42 exposed to second-hand smoke than any other age-group, and around 165,000 of them a year die because of it. Children’s exposure to second-hand smoke is most likely to happen at home, and the double blow of infectious diseases and tobacco seems to be a deadly 43 for children in these regions. Commenting on the findings, Heather Wipfli and Jonathan Samet from the University of Southern California, said policymakers try to 44 families to stop smoking in the home. While deaths due to passive smoking in children were skewed (曲解) toward poor and middle-income countries, deaths in adults were 45 across countries at all income levels. In Europe’s high-income countries, only 71 child deaths occurred, while 35,388 deaths were in adults. Yet in the countries like Africa, an estimated 43,375 deaths due to passive smoking were in children 46 with 9,514 in adults. Only 7.4 percent of the world population currently lives in places with 47 smoke-free laws, and those laws are not always 48 enforced (施行). In places where smoke-free rules are 49 , research shows that exposure to second-hand smoke in high-risk places like bars and restaurants can be cut by 90 percent, and in general by 60 percent, the researchers said. Studies also show such laws help to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked by smokers and lead to higher 50 rates in those trying to quit. 06 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市朱家角中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末质量检测英语试题 A．accompany    B．approach    C． circumstances    D．completely E. impress    F. limits    G. mistakenly    H. persuasive I. produce    J. requesters    K. strategic Whether you’re at a bank, a supermarket, or an amusement park, waiting in line is probably not your idea of fun. Under what 51 would you be willing to let another person cut in front of you? Is it possible that just a single word from 52 could dramatically increase the likelihood that you’d say, “Go ahead”? Yes, and the word is “because.” Behavioral scientist Ellen Langer and her colleagues decided to put the 53 power of this word to the test. In one study, she arranged for a stranger to 54 those waiting to use a photocopier and ask “Excuse me? I just have five pages. May I use the machine?” In this situation, 60 percent of the people agreed to allow the stranger to go ahead of them. However, when the stranger followed the request with a reason, almost everyone agreed to the request. Then Langer repeated the experiment. This time the stranger also used the word because, but followed it with a(n) 55 meaningless reason. Even with this meaningless reason, 93 percent agreed to let the stranger go first. Of course like most things, the power of because has its 56 . In the previous study the request was small — five copies. Langer repeated the experiment, but told the person to ask to make 20 copies. This time, when the stranger did not use the word because, only 24 percent agreed, and when the meaningless reason was added, this didn’t help to 57 any increase in compliance at all. However, when the request was made with a good reason, 50 percent of the people asked agreed. These findings serve as a reminder to always be sure to 58 your request with a reason, even when you think the reasons might be pretty clear. Too often we 59 assume that other people understand the reasons behind our requests. Rather than telling your children to “come to the table for dinner now” or “go to bed immediately,” a more 60 way would be to provide a reason why you are asking them to take that action. 07 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市浦东区南汇中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末练习英语 A．crucial G. isolated B．gained H. involved C． incredibly I. approaches D．survival J. fending E. suffering K. identical F. biologically Hugging’s evolutionary origins To hug or not to hug? That’s the question right now. Since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, we have been 61 in an unsafe place in the world of greeting etiquette. Though many of us have been vaccinated, we still need to be exceptionally careful about whether the person we embrace has gotten the jab. At the same time, many of us long for the warmth of a hug after long stretches of social isolation. According to research, humans 62 need touch, and a good long hug is one of the best 63 to getting it. Suzanne Degges-White, a professor focused on social relationships at Northern Illinois University, says that our need for a hug goes all the way back to the 64 of our species. When we’re born, we are incapable of 65 for ourselves and we need to be comfortable with being held in order to survive. We’re rewarded with a rush of feel-good hormones that come from a cozy embrace. When we hug, our brains release oxytocin, the bonding hormone, as well as serotonin and endorphins. This bond and sense of community has played an essential evolutionary role, because for humans, the security of our small groups and later communities was 66 to survival. People may think that an air greeting is   67 to embrace in their function. But actually, the former can never be compared with the latter. “When we can’t hug, we don’t get that jolt of good hormones,” says Degges-White. More importantly, a sense of community 68 from this close contact contributes to the development of our civilization. Some kids who didn’t grow up being held, says Degges-White, failed to develop a sense of safety and protection. They turned out to be more likely to avoid social activities and live a(an) 69 life. For the past two years, we have been 70 from a desperate desire for embrace. However, it’s time for us to take a closer step to each other. Rajeev Fernando, director of the Division of Infectious Diseases at Stony Brook Southampton Hospital, suggests that if you’re both vaccinated, just go for it as the risk of transmission is extremely low now. 08 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 A．character         B．committed             C． control     D．failure E. fortunately         F. magic                 G. range         H. reinvented I. repeatedly         J. revolutionizing         K. smash The Oral History of James Cameron Sigourney Weaver didn’t want to star in a sequel to Alien. Then she read the screenplay. “Every single page was my 71 , with all kinds of different levels of drama,” she says. “Everything about the script was so good and powerful.” It was a war movie in space. To the actress, the idea of Ellen Ripley fighting aliens alongside a unit of colonial marines sounded great. There was only one problem: “First of all, I didn’t know there would be machine guns in it,” she says. “And I had worked for gun 72 for a number of years. So I said, ‘I’m sorry, the gun thing, that’s not going to work for me.” Another director might have turned his back on Weaver. But not James Cameron.      He responded by taking her to a shooting 73 . After letting off a few bursts of gunfire, she began to see the world through Cameron’s eyes. “Unfortunately, or 74 , that experience gives you so much adrenaline (肾上腺激素), and it’s a little bit transforming.” Weaver says. “I had to embrace the fact that I was with an army unit and they were going to be using these guns. And at some point I would have to do that, too. Jim really wants his actors to feel comfortable, and to feel 75 . So he always had me try everything first.” Aliens was a typical Cameron blockbuster: exciting, moving, futuristic, propelled by a heroine, and full of things that audiences had never seen before. And, oh yeah: It was a box office 76 that won two Oscars and earned seven nominations, including Weaver’s first. This is the James Cameron way. He’s 77 the popcorn film every single time he’s made one, from The Terminator to Titanic to Avatar. Each of his movies is more ambitious, more expensive, and more imaginative than the last. He’s 78 outdone himself — and the rest of Hollywood. But while Cameron’s genius is unique, he hasn’t made 79 alone. From his early days as a special effects assistant to 80 3D filmmaking again with ‘Avatar: The Way of Water’, one thing has always been clear: working with James Cameron is a singular experience. 09 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市奉贤区致远高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末教学评估英语试题 A．monitors    B．risen    C． nonprofit    D．mostly E. alarms    F. recovered    G. nonexistent    H. amazingly I. corresponding    J. responded    K. remote     US schools struggle to deal with hoax (恶作剧) shootings More and more US schools are confiscating (没收) guns from students and having to deal with calls falsely reporting school shootings. The number of guns found on students in schools during the first two months of this school year has 81 compared with the same time in the past two years, says the nonprofit group Gun Violence Archive, which 82 gun activity. At least 220 guns were seized last month and in August in 35 states, compared with 128 at the same time last year. In the 83 period in 2019, 132 guns were confiscated. The number of guns found in 2020 is likely to have been lower because it was amid the pandemic, when classes were 84 . At least 15 guns were 85 from schools in Baltimore, Maryland, last year, said Sergeant Clyde Boatwright of the Baltimore City School Police Force. It was higher than in any recent year. This school year the department has recovered two guns. One was used when a high-school student was shot dead outside a school. The increasing prevalence of guns comes with an increase in what has come to be known as swatting. This is a hoax in which someone calls emergency services and reports a 86 crime to get law enforcement officials, generally a SWAT team, to go to an address. On Wednesday many San Francisco Bay Area high schools received active shooter hoax calls, a day after police in Florida 87 to swatting calls at several high schools. Since early last month about 117 hoaxes have been reported at schools in 17 states and the District of Columbia, said the National Association of School Resource Officers, a 88 group for school-based law enforcement professionals. “These false 89 are far from harmless,” said Mo Canady, the associations’ executive director. “They also distract limited public safety resources from other community needs and increase anxiety among students and others.” The calls have been made 90 from high schools, but also middle and elementary schools, according to local news reports. Some of the calls are hard to trace because they are made from internet phone numbers, law enforcement experts said. 10 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市吴淞中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 A．principle  B．ultimately  C． sensitive  D．analyzed  F. sensible E. account  G. principal  H. subjects  I. drawn  J. coats  K. additionally It is common knowledge that mosquitoes don’t attack everyone equally. Scientists have discovered that the pests are 91 to people at astonishingly different rates, but they have struggled to explain what on earth makes certain people “mosquito magnets” while others survive totally. In a new essay published on September 16 in the journal Science, researchers indicate that certain body odors are the deciding factor. Every person has a unique scent profile consisting of different chemical compounds, which mosquitoes are quite 92 to, and the researchers found that mosquitoes were most drawn to people whose skin releases high levels of carboxylic acids. And 93 , the researchers found that peoples’ attractiveness to mosquitoes remained steady as time goes, regardless of changes in diet or brushing habits. The researchers carefully 94 the scent profiles to determine what might 95 for this vast difference. They found a pattern: the most attractive 96 tended to produce greater levels of carboxylic acids from their skin while the least attractive subjects produced much less. Carboxylic acids are 97 organic compounds. Humans produce them in our sebum, which is the oily layer that 98 our skin; there, the acids help to keep our skin moisturized and protected, Vosshall says. Humans release carboxylic acids at much higher levels than most animals, De Obaldia adds, though the amount varies from person to person. The new study had too few participants to say what personal characteristics make someone more likely to produce high levels of carboxylic acids — and there’s no easy way to test your own skin’s carboxylic acid levels outside of the laboratory, Vosshall says. But if you think you might be a mosquito magnet, all hope is not 99 lost. Akbari says the study could help researchers develop more effective mosquito repellents in the future. The secret might be in adding new bacteria to the skin’s existing microbiome to alter its scent profile. So next time it will be 100 of you to apply repellents on your skin before you go to the spot. 11 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】 上海交通大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上期末考试英语试卷 A．present     B．features     C． concerned     D．reportedly     E. commercial        F. stretches    G. overwhelming H. exceptionally     I. routinely     J. spared        K. broadcasts Modern media is awash in advertising clutter(杂乱), and who’s to blame? Modern audiences that hate conventional full-length and full-size ads. Today’s consumers don’t like to pay for content, which ought to create a rich environment for advertisers. Yet these same consumers are prone to click or turn away when a conventional ad appears. The result is ad clutter. YouTube 101 a combination of full-length ads, skippable ads, lower-screen banners and display ads on the page alongside each video. Newspapers that once considered the front page important now 102 run ads there. Advertisers integrate plugs(推销) into content to frustrate digital video recorders, which allow viewers to watch programs on a delay and skip regular commercials. If you watch regional telecasts of baseball games, the commercial clutter is so 103 . Ads are visible on the stadium wall behind the home-plate umpire(裁判). On-screen graphics include sponsor logos. And everything is a paid plug--“This call to the coach’s zone is brought to you by Verizon.” According to the showbiz paper Variety, several streaming services are about to introduce a new twist: commercials that start running whenever a viewer pauses a program. Hulu intends to launch such ads this year. AT&T’s DirecTV and U-verse units will 104 use similar technology to trigger full-motion commercials whenever a viewer tries to take a break. There’s a lot at stake. According to Variety, National Football League(NFL) TV broadcasts generate an estimated $4.35 billion in ad revenue during the 17-week regular season. NFL 105 are now loaded with mini commercials that pop up when there is a brief pause in the action, often in “double boxes” that show a view of the field in one frame and a(n) 106 in the other. Interestingly, with no “screen” to work with, radio is one medium that has tried for some time to buck the trend. Many commercial stations trade clutter for clusters--that is, a solid block of commercials running five minutes or more, followed by lengthy commercial-free 107 of time. But wherever a screen is involved, or a printed page, ad clutter is 108 everywhere. Programmers and advertisers can’t really be expected to limit this; it’s a fact of business. Consumers, on the other hand, can opt for commercial-free content--if they’re willing to pay for it. But getting limitless content without paying while also being 109 heavy advertising intrusions is impossible. As media environment is permanently cluttered, audiences should be 110 with what they wish for. 12 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】 上海交通大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上期末考试英语试卷 A．served     B．spares     C． yields     D．practically     E. consumed     F. reminds     G. tosses H. strikingly    I. stubbornly     J. desired     K. flavors Yunnan Province, covering an area of 394,000 square kilometers, combines unique ethnic cultures, magnificent mountain scenery, rainforest, tea plantations, ancient towns and delicious food. Kunming, Dali, Lijiang and Shangri-La are always on the bucket list to those who haven’t been to Yunnan before. In the courtyard of her restaurant in Xishuangbanna, Su Ying is preparing to give me a cooking lesson. But she has no pots and pans. Instead, she is going to cook the food in banana leaves and tubes of fresh bamboo on a small fire under an iron tripod in a corner of the yard. Su 111 a mixture of wild vegetables with lemongrass and chili and wraps them up in banana leaves. She seasons sliced beef with chili herbs and spices and puts it into a tube of freshly cut bamboo. Another tube is filled with a more exotic delicacy: live bamboo worms, which she mixes with herbs and spices. Su then thrusts the tubes into the fire. Even to many Chinese, Yunnan seems exotic. Its remoteness 112 it much of the overdevelopment and pollution. The province is a global hotspot of biodiversity and boasts a 113 wide range of local ingredients. Most famously, the summer mushroom season 114 some 300 varieties of edible(可食用的) fungi, including delicacies such as savory matsutake(松茸). There are countless wild plants and plenty of bugs and grubs. On my trips to the province over the years I have dined on toasted barley flour and 115 cups of yak butter tea (酥油茶) in a town now known as Shangri-la. In the north-east of the province I gorged on (狼吞虎咽) spicy hotpots. Even farther north I visited the center of ham production in Xuanwei, where I tasted delicate soups and stews. Here in Xishuangbanna. I was tasting the sour and hot 116 and fresh herbs of the tropical south. No one restaurant or chef could represent Yunnan. There is no single overarching Yunnan cuisine, but a selection of overlapping ones. And more than anywhere else in China, delicacies 117 on table in Yunnan use a large proportion of the ingredients that are 118 local and unavailable elsewhere. In an age when people can sample delicacies from 119 anywhere in the world without even having to leave home, Yunnan 120 us that for a real taste of local culinary culture, sometimes you just have to go to the source. 13 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市育才中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末线上测试英语试题 A．critical    B．emotionally    C． escape D．invisible E. lack    F. present G. principal    H. struggle    I. sympathetically J. troublesome    K. withdraw Children’s Addiction to the Internet Internet addiction among children is a growing concern. Online access is a(n) 121 part of the modern world and an important tool in the education of our children. In addition, the Internet is a highly entertaining and informative medium. However, these very qualities also make it a fascinating 122 from reality for many children. They can be anyone in an online chat room, or play thrilling and challenging games against other players from all corners of the globe. With the click of a mouse, they can enter a different world where the problems of their real life are no longer 123 , and all the things one wishes he or she could experience are possible. Like addiction to drugs and alcohol, the Internet offers children and adolescents a way to escape painful feelings or 124 situations. They sacrifice needed hours of sleep to spend time online and 125 from family and friends to escape into a comfortable online world that they have created and shaped. Children who 126 rewarding or nurturing relationships or who suffer from poor social and coping skills are at greater risk of developing inappropriate or excessive online habits. Because they feel separated and lonely, and have problems making new friends, they turn to 127 strangers in online chat rooms looking for the attention and companionship missing in their real lives. They may come from families with significant problems, and they cope with their problems by spending time online. Socially, they learn to message friends rather than develop face-to-face relationship, which impacts their way of relating to peers. As one 128 explained, “The Internet is hurting their ability to work in groups. Our teachers 129 to get them to participate in any kind of team assignments; instead they would all rather stare at the computer. When I observe them talking to one another in the hallway, I see young girls who are socially aggressive or inappropriate, and I can’t help but think that the Internet is socializing them in ways that 130 prevents their development and makes it difficult for them to deal with others in the real world.” 14 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市七宝中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末英语试卷 A．guarantee   B．boost     C． barely    D．distractions   E. literally   F. spare G. towering    H. critical   I. excessive   J. packing      K. available It Doesn’t Have to be Crazy at Work How often have you heard someone say “It’s crazy at work”? Maybe you’ve even said it yourself. For many, “It’s crazy at work” has become their normal. But why so crazy? There are two primary reasons: (1) The workday is being sliced into tiny, fleeting work moments by an onslaught of physical and virtual 131 .  (2)And an unhealthy obsession with growth at any cost set 132 , unrealistic expectations that stress people out. It’s no wonder people are working longer, earlier, later, on weekends, and whenever they have a(n) 133 moment. That turns life into work’s left-overs. The doggie bag. What’s worse is that long hours, 134 busyness, and lack of sleep have become a badge of honor for many people these days. Sustained exhaustion is not a badge of honor. Instead, it’s a(n) 135 of a physical and mental breakdown. Besides, everyone’s talking about how to 136 productivity these days. There’s an endless stream of methodologies and tools promising to make people more productive. But more productive at what? Productivity is for machines, not for people. There’s nothing meaningful about 137 some number of work units into some amount of time or squeezing more into less. Machines can 138 work 24/7, but humans can’t. When people focus on productivity, they end up focusing on being busy. Filling every moment with something to do. And there’s always more to do! But we should not believe in busyness. We should believe in effectiveness. How little can we do? How much can we cut out? Instead of adding to-dos, we add to-don’ts. Being productive is about occupying your time - filling your schedule to the brim and getting as much done as you can. Being effective is about finding more of your time unoccupied and 139 for other things besides work. Time for leisure, time for family and friends. Or time for doing absolutely nothing. Yes, it is perfectly acceptable to have nothing to do. Or, better yet, nothing worth doing. If you’ve only got three hours of work to do on a given day, then stop. Don’t fill your day with five more just to stay busy or feel productive. Not doing something that is 140 worth doing is a wonderful way to spend your time. 15 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市控江中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末英语试卷 A．occasional   B．one-dimensional   C． path    D．intentionally   E. portrayed    F. counter G. downsides   H. representation     I. lacked   J. similarly      K. sophisticated Mad Science Until relatively recently, popular media neglected fact-checking and mostly offered negative, mad scientist-oriented stereotypes. A survey of more than a thousand horror films from 1931 to 1984 found that a third 141 “scientists or their creations as villains or monsters,” while merely 11 percent painted them as heroes. Later, a 2003 study 142 concluded that even “good” movie scientists (across genres) commonly succumbed to evil and corruption. Onscreen researchers also typically 143 complex storylines, or even details of their personal lives, the 2003 article found. That’s a problem because most people don’t know scientists themselves and form opinions based on the media they consume, leading to a dehumanizing effect. Factual errors and 144 portrayals have real-world consequences. As of 1981, people who frequently watched TV were more likely than 145 viewers to mistrust science, view it as dangerous and reject the entire career 146 . That’s the primary reason why researchers work on Hollywood projects: to 147 these misconceptions. Satisfyingly, 148 has improved in recent decades, likely because it’s far more common to recruit science consultants. Now, audience expect more 149 explanations behind far-out plots. These days, it’s now impossible for films to get away with these silly stereotypes, unless it’s a horror film or comedy. Hollywood now tends to heroize scientists, but glorifying the profession also has its 150 : It may obscure the fact that researchers are human and can make human mistakes too. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二上学期期末考点大串讲（上海） 专题02 词汇填空题精选15篇 （解析版） 01 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市育才中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试卷 A．harvest B．expressed C． nutrient D．foundation  E. emerging  F. tragedy G. strategy H. endure  I. overcome J. glorious  K. ceasing From the golden-tipped fields of mid-west America to the ancient kingdoms of verdant Palestine, there is a happy truth to be shared with all who would take care. In more recent times, this truth has been 1 as: April showers bring May flowers. This is a truth that promises light bursting from darkness, strength born from weakness and, if one dares to believe, life 2 from death. Farmers all over the world know importance and immutability(不变) of the seasons. They know there is a season to plant and a season to 3 ; everything must be done in its own time. Although the rain pours down with the utmost relentlessness(无情), 4 all outdoor activities, the man of the field lifts his face to the heavens and smiles. Despite the inconvenience, he knows that the rain provides the 5 substance his crops need to grow and florish. The torrential rains in the month of April, give rise to the 6 flowers in the month of May. But this ancient truth applies to more than the crops of the fields; it is an invaluable message of hope to all who experience 7 in life. A dashed relationship with one can open up the door to a brand new friendship with another. A lost job here can provide the opportunity for a better job there. A broken dream can become the 8 of a wonderful future. Everything has its place. Remember this: overwhelming darkness may 9 for a night; yet the radiant light of the morning will never be 10 . When you are in a season of sorrow, hang in there, because a season of joy may be just around the corner. 【答案】 1．B 2．E 3．A 4．K 5．C 6．J 7．F 8．D 9．H 10．I 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了“四月的雨带来五月的花”这句话背后的寓意以及带给我们的人生启示。 1．考查动词。句意：近来，这一真理被表述为：四月的雨带来五月的花。根据“April showers bring May flowers.”以及句意“表述”可知应填动词express，与主语构成被动关系，根据上文可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故选B。 2．考查动词。句意：这一真理预示着光明会从黑暗中迸发，力量会从软弱中诞生，如果你敢相信，生命会从死亡中诞生。根据“strength born from weakness and, if one dares to believe, life”以及句意“诞生”可知应填动词emerge，此处为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故选E。 3．考查名词。句意：他们知道在哪个季节播种，哪个季节收获;每件事都应该适时地去做。根据“They know there is a season to plant and a season to”以及句意“收获”可知应填名词harvest，作宾语。故选A。 4．考查动词。句意：尽管暴雨无情地倾盆而下，迫使所有的户外劳作停止，但土地的主人会仰天微笑。根据“the rain pours down with the utmost relentlessness”以及句意“停止”可知应填动词cease，与上文构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选K。 5．考查形容词。句意：尽管有不便，但他知道雨水为他的庄稼提供了生长和繁荣所需的营养物质。根据“his crops need to grow and florish”以及句意“营养物质”可知应填形容词nutrient，修饰名词substance。故选C。 6．考查形容词。句意：四月里的暴雨，带来五月里的繁花。根据上文“April showers bring May flowers.”以及句意“繁花”可知应填形容词glorious，修饰名词flowers。故选J。 7．考查名词。句意：但这一古老的真理不仅适用于田里的庄稼;对于所有在生活中经历悲剧的人来说，这是一条无价的希望信息。根据“A dashed relationship with one can open up the door to a brand new friendship with another.(一段感情的破裂可能会开启另一段崭新友谊的大门)”以及句意“悲剧”可知应填名词tragedy，作宾语。故选F。 8．考查名词。句意：一个破碎的梦想可以成为美好未来的基础。根据“of a wonderful future”以及句意“基础”可知应填名词foundation，作表语。故选D。 9．考查动词。句意：请记住：势不可挡的黑暗可能会持续一夜；然而，早晨的光芒永远不会被征服。根据“When you are in a season of sorrow, hang in there, because a season of joy may be just around the corner.(当你正处于悲伤之季，请坚持住，因为欢乐的季节也许马上就会到来)”以及句意“持续”可知应填动词endure，且may后跟动词原形。故选H。 10．考查动词。句意：请记住：势不可挡的黑暗可能会持续一夜；然而，早晨的光芒永远不会被征服。根据“yet the radiant light of the morning will never be”以及句意“征服”可知应填动词overcome，此处为被动关系，且will后跟动词原形。故选I。 02 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市上海中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 A．replace    B．trustworthy         C． apparently            D．pick E. owe        AB．expressing     AC． land            AD．ironically AE. version    BC． position         BD．challenging     What Is 2023’s Word of the Year, According to Dictionaries? What word defined the past year for you? Find out if your answer matches the actual word of the year from four famous dictionaries. Cambridge Dictionary’s 11 for 2023 is hallucinate. The common definition of hallucinate is “to see or hear things that are not really there because of illness or drugs.” In 2023, however, to hallucinate can mean something different, thanks to AI. According to Cambridge’s alternate definition of hallucinating, “when an artificial intelligence hallucinates, it produces false information.” Sure, using AI can be fun for creating dog selfies or could even help you 12 a job, but it’s likely to produce misleading or made-up facts — or “hallucinating.” Those dictionary people are 13 all on the same page. Similar to Cambridge, Collins Dictionary’s word of the year is the broader term AI. ChatGPT was released in late 2022, with companies attempting to use it to cut costs, worrying employees that it would 14 their jobs. AI pioneers and creators began 15 concerns that AI could be “dangerous” and operated by “bad actors.” President Biden even issued an executive order on “safe, secure and 16 artificial intelligence.” With Merriam-Webster’s word authentic, we have an AI trifecta (三连胜)! While its core meaning is the same — “not false or imitation” — it should 17 its popularity in 2023 to AI, with the rise in deepfake videos and the potential use of AI in entertainment. However, being authentic is also about being “true to one’s own personality, spirit or character.” Are the public figures you look up to being true to themselves? As people search for authenticity, Merriam-Webster notes, “ 18 , with ‘authentic content creators’... authenticity has become a performance.” Oxford slides in at the last minute with a totally different word of the year for 2023: rizz. This noun means “style, charm or attractiveness”. It’s believed to be a shortened 19 of the word charisma, a special magnetic charm or appeal. It also hints at a changing attitude in 2023. “It’s interesting to see a contrasting word like rizz come to the forefront, perhaps showing that this year more of us are opening ourselves after a few 20 years and finding confidence in who we are,” notes Casper Grathwohl, president of Oxford Languages. 【答案】 11．D 12．AC 13．C 14．A 15．AB 16．B 17．E 18．AD 19．AE 20．BD 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了《剑桥词典》、《柯林斯词典》、《韦氏词典》以及《牛津词典》2023年的年度词汇。 11．考查名词。句意：《剑桥词典》将“hallucinate”选为2023年的年度单词。根据文章标题“What Is 2023’s Word of the Year, According to Dictionaries?”以及空后的“hallucinate”可知，“hallucinate”被《剑桥词典》选为2023年的年度单词，由空前Cambridge Dictionary’s可知设空处在句中作主语，应为名词；pick“选中的人（或物）”为可数名词，符合句意，由空后谓语动词“is”可知pick用单数形式，设空处填pick。故选D。 12．考查动词。句意：当然，使用人工智能制作狗狗自拍可能很有趣，甚至可以帮助你找到一份工作，但它可能会产生误导或捏造的事实——或者“幻觉”。句子结构分析可知，“____2____ a job”为宾语补足语，help sb (to) do sth意为“帮助某人做某事”设空处填动词不定式或动词原形；land“成功得到”为动词，land a job“找到一份工作”符合句意。选项AC“land”正确。故选AC。 13．考查副词。句意：那些字典人显然意见一致。根据空后“Similar to Cambridge, Collins Dictionary’s word of the year is the broader term AI.”可知，设空处在句中作状语应填副词，apparently“显然”为副词，符合句意。故选C。 14．考查动词。句意：ChatGPT于2022年末发布，公司试图使用它来削减成本，这让员工担心它会取代他们的工作。由空前的“would”可知设空处应填动词原形， replace “代替；取代”为动词，符合句意。故选A。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：人工智能的先驱和创造者开始表达对人工智能可能是“危险的”以及由“坏人”操作的担忧。express“表示，表达”为动词，动词短语express concerns“表示担忧”符合句意，express concerns作谓语动词began的宾语，express应用动名词expressing。故选AB。 16．考查形容词。句意：拜登总统甚至发布了一项关于“安全、可靠和值得信赖的人工智能”的行政命令。设空处与形容词safe、secure并列，作定语修饰名词短语artificial intelligence，应填形容词；trustworthy“值得信任的；可靠的”为形容词，符合句意。故选B。 17．考查动词。句意：虽然它的核心含义是一样的——“不是虚假的或模仿的”——但随着深度伪造视频的兴起和人工智能在娱乐中的潜在应用，它在2023年的流行应该归功于人工智能。设空处应填动词原形，与空前情态should构成谓语，动词短语owe sth to sb/sth“把……归功于……”符合句意，设空处填动词原形owe。故选E。 18．考查副词。句意：当人们寻找真实性时，《韦氏词典》指出，“具有讽刺意味的是，对于‘真正的内容创作者’……真实性已经成为一种表演。”设空处作状语，修饰后文内容，应填副词；ironically“具有讽刺意味的是”为副词，符合句意。故选 AD。 19．考查名词。句意：它被认为是魅力这个词的缩写形式，指一种特殊的磁性魅力或吸引力。由空前“to be a shortened”以及空后of the word charisma可知，设空处应填可数名词单数形式作表语，version“变体，版本”为可数名词，符合句意。故选AE。 20．考查形容词。句意：牛津语言协会主席Casper Grathwohl指出：“看到像rizz这样反差很大的词出现在最重要的位置，这很有趣。这或许表明，在经历了充满挑战的几年后，今年有更多的人开始敞开心扉，找到自信。”设空处作定语修饰名词years，challenging“具有挑战性的”为形容词，符合句意。故选BD。 03 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题 A．ceaselessly   B．consists   C． flavored   D．markets   E. modest    F. perfect G. presence     H. spread    I. registered   J. sights     K. specifically Opposite a university campus on the outskirts of Jakarta, motorbikes line the front of Ricky Salim’s ice-cream and tea store, one of thousands of Mixue franchise owners across Asia. This Chinese firm, which built its brand selling teas and soft-serve ice-cream in smaller Chinese cities with relatively 21 average incomes, is exporting its model across South-East Asia. Its nearly 22,000 franchised stores worldwide have made it the fifth-largest fast-food chain in the world. Part of the reason for Mixue’s success 22 in selling Asia’s favourite drink: bubble tea, a milky tea containing chewy tapioca balls. In China, the market for these 23 teas was twice that for coffee in 2021, with a $20bn turnover, according to Momentum Works, a research firm in Singapore. As growth has slowed in China, bubble-tea brands have set their 24 on South-East Asia, where the market was worth $4bn. Several other large Chinese tea brands, including HeyTea, Nayuki Tea, ChaGee and Happy Lemon, have also moved into the region. Yet no ready-made bubble-tea chain has 25 faster than Mixue, which opened its first store in Vietnam in 2018. By March it had around 1,500 stores in Indonesia; the firm wants to double its 26 there by the end of this year. Unlike fancier bubble-tea brands, Mixue 27 itself as cheap and cheerful, rather than trendy. Its viral song has been translated into 20 languages and is often played 28 in its franchises. “What it took our China team ten or 20 years to figure out, we’ve been able to 29 in just one year by learning from their experiences,” says Mr. Hartanto. Mixue’s biggest ambitions for growth are in countries with emerging economies and many young people. Yet over the past year Mixue stores have also opened in Australia, Japan, Singapore and South Korea, and the firm has 30 its trademark in markets from Europe and America to Uzbekistan. It has announced plans for an initial public offering on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. The singing snowman is coming your way. 【答案】 21．E 22．B 23．C 24．J 25．H 26．G 27．D 28．A 29．F 30．I 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蜜雪冰城在全球拥有近22,000家特许经营店，使其成为世界第五大快餐连锁店。蜜雪成功的部分原因在于销售亚洲最受欢迎的饮料：珍珠奶茶，一种含有耐嚼的木薯球的奶茶。 21．考查形容词。句意：这家中国公司在平均收入相对中等的中国小城市销售茶叶和软冰淇淋，并将其模式出口到东南亚。根据“built its brand selling teas and soft-serve ice-cream in smaller Chinese cities”以及句意“中等的”可知应填形容词modest，修饰名词incomes。故选E。 22．考查动词。句意：蜜雪成功的部分原因在于销售亚洲最受欢迎的饮料：珍珠奶茶，一种含有耐嚼的木薯球的奶茶。根据“in selling Asia’s favourite drink: bubble tea, a milky tea containing chewy tapioca balls”以及句意“在于”可知短语为consist in，陈述事实用一般现在时，Part of the reason是主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 23．考查名词。句意：根据新加坡研究公司Momentum Works的数据，2021年，在中国，这些调味茶的市场是咖啡的两倍，营业额达到200亿美元。根据“teas was twice that for coffee in 2021”以及句意“调味茶”可知应填名词flavored，作定语。故选C。 24．考查名词。句意：随着中国经济增长放缓，奶茶品牌已将目光投向东南亚，那里的市场价值40亿美元。根据“on South-East Asia, where the market was worth $4bn”以及句意“目光”可知应填复数名词sights，作宾语。故选J。 25．考查动词。句意：然而，没有一家现成的奶茶连锁店比蜜雪传播得更快，它于2018年在越南开设了第一家店。根据“faster than Mixue”以及句意“传播”可知应填动词spread，作谓语，结合has可知句子时态为现在完成时，填入过去分词符合题意。故选H。 26．考查名词。句意：截至今年3月，它在印尼的门店数量约为1500家；该公司希望到今年年底将其在那里的业务扩大一倍。根据“By March it had around 1,500 stores in Indonesia”以及句意“存在”可知应填名词presence，作宾语，不可数。故选G。 27．考查动词。句意：与其他高档奶茶品牌不同，蜜雪将自己定位为廉价和愉快，而不是时尚。根据“itself as cheap and cheerful”以及句意“定位”可知应填动词market，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语是 Mixue，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选D。 28．考查副词。句意：它的热门歌曲已被翻译成20种语言，并经常在其特许经营中不断播放。根据“Its viral song has been translated into 20 languages and is often played”以及句意“不断”可知应填副词ceaselessly，修饰动词play。故选A。 29．考查动词。句意：哈坦托说:“我们的中国团队花了10年或20年才弄清楚的事情，通过学习他们的经验，我们只用了一年的时间就完善了。”根据“in just one year by learning from their experiences”以及句意“完善”可知应填动词perfect，上文为短语be able to do sth.。故选F。 30．考查动词。句意：然而，在过去的一年里，Mixue也在澳大利亚、日本、新加坡和韩国开设了门店，并在从欧洲、美国到乌兹别克斯坦的市场上注册了自己的商标。根据“its trademark in markets from Europe and America to Uzbekistan”以及句意“注册”可知应填动词register，结合has可知为现在完成时，填入过去分词符合题意。故选I。 04 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 A．voyaged   B．barely   C． renowned   D．abnormality   E. discipline   F. navigable G. unprecedented   H. eyed   I. Fortunately   J. accessible   K. degradation For voyager and green promoter Zhai Mo, the 504-day non-stop voyage to the Arctic Ocean has stimulated his concern about the climate and awareness of his responsibilities. Navigating more than 28,000 nautical miles (51,856 kilometers) in harsh conditions, Zhai, a (n) 31 Chinese explorer, returned to Shanghai on his aluminum sailboat on Nov 17, along with two crew members, becoming the first man to successfully circle, both ways, the Arctic Ocean without stop. “This non-stop Arctic Ocean circle route can be said to be 32 . We 33 both the northeast and northwest routes while previous explorers only chose one route. This is a self-challenge and transcendence in the history of human navigation,” the 54-year-old says. Zhai undertook this task as an ambassador of the Chinese navigation science and marine public welfare, and also the ForNature Campaign of the United Nations Development Program. He set sail on June 30 last year to raise public awareness of global warming, climate change and land 34 . During the trip, he crossed the East China Sea, the Western Pacific, the Bering Strait, the Chukchi Sea, the East Siberian Sea and the Beaufort Sea. He saw dolphins, whales, walruses, sea lions and seals, as well as shoals of cod and wolf fishes. “When we passed through the Northwest Pacific Ocean on our way back, we encountered three typhoons within a week, which 35 happened in the past,” Zhai recalls. Zhai didn’t see any floating ice during his one-week voyage in the Kara Sea while the previous meteorological data showed ice there. “My own experience tells me that climate 36 is obvious now,” Zhai says. The voyage, to enter the Arctic Ocean from the Bering Strait before making a round trip returning to Shanghai, was planned to take four months, but the return schedule was delayed for more than a year. “As soon as we entered the Bering Strait, we encountered a polar cyclone. A large number of ice floes and icebergs were blown to the coast. However, the Arctic Ocean can only be 37 near land, so we had been carefully crossing between ice floes and icebergs for a long time and the speed was only 1 to 3 knots,” Zhai says. But for Zhai, the most difficult part of the whole voyage was around 75 degrees north. The Arctic Ocean is known as the “dead channel”, Zhai says, adding that the location where the Titanic went down was on his route and dotted with countless icebergs. After entering the iceberg region, Zhai navigated the sailboat while the two crew members went on watch to report on the menacing ice. Despite the precaution, the boat hit an iceberg near Greenland, causing water seepage below the waterline that had to be dealt with. Meanwhile, compasses and electronic goods on the boat failed because of the magnetic field. “I had never encountered this situation in sailing before,” says Zhai. 38 , he took a fiber optic compass specially used for high latitude navigation, and managed to leave this area with visual aids. In addition to ice floes and icebergs, Zhai and his team also faced severe tests such as heavy fog, strong winds and huge waves. When sailing through the Chukchi Sea, the boat navigated around a large area of ice floes and heavy fog resulting in visibility of no more than 10 meters. They spent nearly 11 hours to get just 50 nautical miles. “We tried to leave as soon as possible during our voyage in the Arctic Ocean,” he says, adding that there was a constant danger of being trapped by the ice. Zhai was attracted by sailing when holding an art exhibition abroad in 2000. In 2007, he got a second-hand sailboat with simple supplies, such as instant noodles, pancakes and potatoes, and started his voyage trip around the world. After that 35,000-nautical-mile voyage, Zhai 39 an Arctic Ocean journey. “Navigation is a comprehensive 40 . You should know not only astronomy but also geography. You also need to be a carpenter, fitter, hammerer and painter, and should be able to survive in a harsh, outdoor environment,” Zhai says. He adds that he hopes more young people would participate in navigation, to promote and publicize the ocean awareness and navigation spirit. He is preparing for the third voyage trip around the world next year or the year after that. “Antarctica is also a very big challenge. I hope to explore more unknowns, and I also want to launch a transoceanic sailing competition.” 【答案】 31．C 32．G 33．A 34．K 35．B 36．D 37．F 38．I 39．H 40．E 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是中国航海家翟墨从上海出发，历时500多天，完成了人类首次不停靠环航北冰洋之旅。 31．考查形容词。句意：11月17日，中国著名探险家翟墨在恶劣的条件下航行了28,000海里(51,856公里)，乘坐他的铝制帆船和两名船员一起返回上海，成为第一个成功不间断往返北冰洋的人。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语，结合句意可知，此处表示“著名的”应为renowned符合句意。故选C项。 32．考查形容词。句意：“这条不间断的北冰洋航线可以说是史无前例的。我们走了东北和西北两条路线，而以前的探险家只选择一条路线。这是人类航海史上的一次自我挑战和超越，”54岁的他说。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，结合句意可知，此处表示“前所未有的”应为unprecedented符合句意。故选G项。 33．考查动词。句意：“这条不间断的北冰洋航线可以说是史无前例的。我们走了东北和西北两条路线，而以前的探险家只选择一条路线。这是人类航海史上的一次自我挑战和超越，”54岁的他说。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表示“航行”应为voyage，根据语境可知，本文介绍的是航海之旅，所以此处使用一般过去时，与主语之间为主动关系，所以使用voyaged。故选A项。 34．考查名词。句意：他于去年6月30日启航，以提高公众对全球变暖、气候变化和土地退化的认识。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示“退化”应为degradation，且为不可数名词。故选K项。 35．考查副词。句意：“回程途经西北太平洋时，一周内遭遇了三次台风，这在过去是很少发生的，”翟墨回忆说。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰动词happened，结合句意可知，此处表示“很少”应为barely。故选B项。 36．考查名词。句意：他说:“我自己的经验告诉我，现在气候异常很明显。”分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作主语，结合句意可知，此处表示“异常”应为abnormality。故选D项。 37．考查形容词。句意：“我们一进入白令海峡，就遇到了极地气旋。大量的浮冰和冰山被吹到海岸上。然而，北冰洋只能在陆地附近通航，所以我们在浮冰和冰山之间小心翼翼地航行了很长时间，速度只有1到3海里。”分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，结合句意可知，此处表示“可航行的”应为navigable。故选F项。 38．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，他带了一个专门用于高纬度航行的光纤指南针，在视觉辅助下离开了这个地区。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰整个句子，结合句意可知，此处表示“幸运地”应为fortunately，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故选I项。 39．考查动词。句意：在那次35,000海里的航行之后，翟墨把目光投向了北冰洋之旅。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表示“审视”应为eye，根据时间状语After that 35,000-nautical-mile voyage以及语境可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，所以使用一般过去时，且与主语之间为主动关系，所以使用谓语动词形式eyed。故选H项。 40．考查名词。句意：航海是一门综合性学科。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作表语，结合句意可知，此处表示“学科”应为discipline，且空前有不定冠词a，所以使用名词单数形式。故选E项。 05 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市徐汇区南洋模范中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末模拟试卷 A．comprehensive B．spread C． impact D．incredible E. observed F. compared G. success H. firmly I. combination J. heavily K. motivate A new report by the World Health Organization (WHO) reveals that around one in a hundred deaths worldwide is due to passive smoking, which kills an estimated 600,000 people a year. In the first study to assess the global 41 of second-hand smoke, WHO experts find that children are more 42 exposed to second-hand smoke than any other age-group, and around 165,000 of them a year die because of it. Children’s exposure to second-hand smoke is most likely to happen at home, and the double blow of infectious diseases and tobacco seems to be a deadly 43 for children in these regions. Commenting on the findings, Heather Wipfli and Jonathan Samet from the University of Southern California, said policymakers try to 44 families to stop smoking in the home. While deaths due to passive smoking in children were skewed (曲解) toward poor and middle-income countries, deaths in adults were 45 across countries at all income levels. In Europe’s high-income countries, only 71 child deaths occurred, while 35,388 deaths were in adults. Yet in the countries like Africa, an estimated 43,375 deaths due to passive smoking were in children 46 with 9,514 in adults. Only 7.4 percent of the world population currently lives in places with 47 smoke-free laws, and those laws are not always 48 enforced (施行). In places where smoke-free rules are 49 , research shows that exposure to second-hand smoke in high-risk places like bars and restaurants can be cut by 90 percent, and in general by 60 percent, the researchers said. Studies also show such laws help to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked by smokers and lead to higher 50 rates in those trying to quit. 【答案】 41．C 42．J 43．I 44．K 45．B 46．F 47．A 48．H 49．E 50．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了二手烟的危害以及制定无烟法律的影响。 41．考查名词。句意：在第一项评估二手烟全球影响的研究中，世界卫生组织专家发现，儿童遭受二手烟的影响比任何其他年龄群体的人更严重，其中每年约有165000人死于二手烟。根据空前的形容词global，空处应用名词作宾语。根据“children are more 　　2　　exposed to second-hand smoke than any other age-group, and around 165,000 of them a year die because of it”可知，这里是说二手烟的影响。impact“影响”符合题意。故选C。 42．考查副词。句意参考上题。空处应用副词作状语修饰动词exposed。根据“around 165,000 of them a year die because of it”，这里是说儿童遭受二手烟的影响严重。heavily“严重地，大量地”符合题意。故选J。 43．考查名词。句意：儿童接触二手烟最有可能发生在家里，传染病和烟草的双重打击似乎是这些地区儿童的致命组合。根据空前的a，这里应用名词单数形式。根据“the double blow of infectious diseases and tobacco”，这里是说传染病和烟草的组合。combination“结合体，结合”符合题意。故选I。 44．考查动词。句意：南加州大学的Heather Wipfli和Jonathan Samet在评论这一发现时表示，政策制定者试图激励家庭在家里戒烟。try to do sth.意为“试图做某事”，所以空处应用动词原形。根据空后的“to stop smoking in the home”，这里是说激励这些家庭停止在家吸烟。motivate“激励”符合题意。故选K。 45．考查动词。句意：尽管儿童因被动吸烟而死亡的情况倾向于在贫穷和中等收入国家，但成年人的死亡分布在各个收入水平的国家。根据空前的were，空处应用动词的过去分词形式，构成一般过去时的被动语态。根据空后的“across countries at all income levels”，这里是说成年人的死亡分布在各个收入水平的国家。spread“使分散，使分布”为动词，其过去式和过去分词均为spread。故选B。 46．考查动词。句意：然而，在非洲等国家，与成年人9514的死亡人数相比，估计有43375名儿童死于被动吸烟。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词，在句中作状语。compared with意为“与……相比”，符合题意。故选F。 47．考查形容词。句意：目前，世界上只有7.4%的人口生活在有全面无烟法律的地方，而这些法律并不总是得到严格执行。根据空后的“smoke-free laws”，空处应用形容词作定语，表示全面无烟的法律。comprehensive“全面的”符合题意。故选A。 48．考查副词。句意参考上题。空处应用副词作状语修饰enforced。根据空前的“are not always”，这里是说这些全面无烟的法律并不总是得到严格的执行。firmly“坚定地”符合题意。故选H。 49．考查动词。句意：研究人员表示，在遵守无烟规定的地方，研究表明在酒吧和餐馆等高风险场所二手烟接触可以减少90%，而一般情况下是减少60%。根据空前的are，空处应用动词的过去分词形式，构成一般现在时的被动语态。根据“research shows that exposure to second-hand smoke in high-risk places like bars and restaurants can be cut by 90 percent”，这里是说在遵守无烟规定的地方可以有效减少二手烟的接触，observed“遵守”符合题意。故选E。 50．考查名词。句意：研究还表明，这些法律有助于减少吸烟者吸烟的数量，并提高戒烟者的成功率。根据空后的rates，这里应用名词，作定语。根据“help to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked by smokers”和“in those trying to quit”，这里是说这些法律可以减少吸烟，提高戒烟者戒烟的成功率。success“成功”符合题意。故选G。 06 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市朱家角中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末质量检测英语试题 A．accompany    B．approach    C． circumstances    D．completely E. impress    F. limits    G. mistakenly    H. persuasive I. produce    J. requesters    K. strategic Whether you’re at a bank, a supermarket, or an amusement park, waiting in line is probably not your idea of fun. Under what 51 would you be willing to let another person cut in front of you? Is it possible that just a single word from 52 could dramatically increase the likelihood that you’d say, “Go ahead”? Yes, and the word is “because.” Behavioral scientist Ellen Langer and her colleagues decided to put the 53 power of this word to the test. In one study, she arranged for a stranger to 54 those waiting to use a photocopier and ask “Excuse me? I just have five pages. May I use the machine?” In this situation, 60 percent of the people agreed to allow the stranger to go ahead of them. However, when the stranger followed the request with a reason, almost everyone agreed to the request. Then Langer repeated the experiment. This time the stranger also used the word because, but followed it with a(n) 55 meaningless reason. Even with this meaningless reason, 93 percent agreed to let the stranger go first. Of course like most things, the power of because has its 56 . In the previous study the request was small — five copies. Langer repeated the experiment, but told the person to ask to make 20 copies. This time, when the stranger did not use the word because, only 24 percent agreed, and when the meaningless reason was added, this didn’t help to 57 any increase in compliance at all. However, when the request was made with a good reason, 50 percent of the people asked agreed. These findings serve as a reminder to always be sure to 58 your request with a reason, even when you think the reasons might be pretty clear. Too often we 59 assume that other people understand the reasons behind our requests. Rather than telling your children to “come to the table for dinner now” or “go to bed immediately,” a more 60 way would be to provide a reason why you are asking them to take that action. 【答案】 51．C 52．J 53．H 54．B 55．D 56．F 57．I 58．A 59．G 60．K 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明，如果在你提出请求的的时候附加上理由，那么你的请求获得成功的几率也会增加。 51．考查固定搭配。句意：在什么情况下你会愿意让别人插队？根据空前的“under”可知，空处和under构成固定搭配。选项C“circumstances”，意为“情况”，和under构成短语：under…circumstances，意为“在……情况下”，符合句意。故选C。 52．考查名词。句意：请求者的一句话是否可能极大地增加你说“好的，用吧”的可能性？分析句子成分可知，空处为名词或代词担当宾语。根据下文“increase the likelihood that you’d say, “Go ahead”?”可知，这个宾语为提出请求的人。选项J“requesters”，名词复数，意为“请求者”，符合句意。故选J。 53．考查形容词。句意：行为科学家Ellen Langer和她的同事们决定测试一下这个词的说服力。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词，修饰其后名词power。选项H“persuasive”，形容词，意为“有说服力的”，符合下文内容，为了检测这个单词是否有说服力而进行的测试。故选H。 54．考查动词。句意：在一项研究中，她安排一个陌生人走近那些等待使用复印机的人，问：“对不起？我只有五页纸。我可以用这台机器吗？”分析句子成分可知，空处为动词原形。再根据空后的“those waiting to use a photocopier and ask “Excuse me? I just have five pages. May I use the machine?””可知，是让陌生人走近那些正在排队等待使用复印机的人，然后提出请求。选项B“approach”，动词原形，意为“走近”，符合句意。故选B。 55．考查副词。句意：这次陌生人也用了“因为”这个词，但后面又加了一个完全没有意义的理由。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词修饰形容词。选项D“completely”，意为“完全地”，可修饰其后的形容词“meaningless”，符合句意。故选D。 56．考查名词。句意：当然，像大多数事情一样，“因为”的力量也有其局限性。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词。再根据下文的实验可知，当复印的数量增加到20份的时候，这个单词的作用也不是完全奏效。所以，“因为”这个单词也有局限性。选项F“limits”，名词，意为“局限性”，符合句意。故选F。 57．考查动词。句意：这一次，当陌生人不使用“因为”这个词时，只有24%的人同意，而当添加无意义的原因时，这并没有帮助产生任何依从性的增加。分析句子成分可知，空处为动词原形。选项I“produce”，动词原形，意为“产生”，符合句意。故选I。 58．考查动词。句意：这些发现提醒我们，即使你认为理由很清楚，也要确保在提出请求时附上理由。分析句子成分可知，空处为动词原形；再根据上一段“However, when the request was made with a good reason, 50 percent of the people asked agreed.”可知，当你用“因为”这个单词时，附加一个好的理由效果会更好。选项A“accompany”，动词原形，意为“附上”，符合句意。故选A。 59．考查副词。句意：我们常常错误地认为其他人理解我们请求背后的原因。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词修饰动词。根据宾语从句“other people understand the reasons behind our requests”可知，我们总自以为别人知道请求背后的原因。选项G“mistakenly”，意为“错误地”，副词，符合句意。故选G。 60．考查形容词。句意：不要告诉你的孩子“现在来吃饭”或“马上上床睡觉”，一个更有策略的方法是提供一个你要求他们采取行动的理由。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词，修饰名词。再根据句意可知，当你要求孩子做事的时候，应该加上一个理由。根据上文内容可知，加上理由后，你的请求会更容易被允许。所以，这是一种更有策略的方法。选项K“strategic”，形容词，意为“有策略的”，符合句意，故选K。 07 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市浦东区南汇中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末练习英语 A．crucial G. isolated B．gained H. involved C． incredibly I. approaches D．survival J. fending E. suffering K. identical F. biologically Hugging’s evolutionary origins To hug or not to hug? That’s the question right now. Since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, we have been 61 in an unsafe place in the world of greeting etiquette. Though many of us have been vaccinated, we still need to be exceptionally careful about whether the person we embrace has gotten the jab. At the same time, many of us long for the warmth of a hug after long stretches of social isolation. According to research, humans 62 need touch, and a good long hug is one of the best 63 to getting it. Suzanne Degges-White, a professor focused on social relationships at Northern Illinois University, says that our need for a hug goes all the way back to the 64 of our species. When we’re born, we are incapable of 65 for ourselves and we need to be comfortable with being held in order to survive. We’re rewarded with a rush of feel-good hormones that come from a cozy embrace. When we hug, our brains release oxytocin, the bonding hormone, as well as serotonin and endorphins. This bond and sense of community has played an essential evolutionary role, because for humans, the security of our small groups and later communities was 66 to survival. People may think that an air greeting is   67 to embrace in their function. But actually, the former can never be compared with the latter. “When we can’t hug, we don’t get that jolt of good hormones,” says Degges-White. More importantly, a sense of community 68 from this close contact contributes to the development of our civilization. Some kids who didn’t grow up being held, says Degges-White, failed to develop a sense of safety and protection. They turned out to be more likely to avoid social activities and live a(an) 69 life. For the past two years, we have been 70 from a desperate desire for embrace. However, it’s time for us to take a closer step to each other. Rajeev Fernando, director of the Division of Infectious Diseases at Stony Brook Southampton Hospital, suggests that if you’re both vaccinated, just go for it as the risk of transmission is extremely low now. 【答案】 61．H 62．F 63．I 64．D 65．J 66．A 67．K 68．B 69．G 70．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了拥抱在人类生理需求和社会关系上的重要意义。 61．考查动词。句意：自从新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，在问候礼仪的世界里，我们陷入了一个不安全的境地。分析句子可知，空格处的意思是“陷入，卷入”，应使用固定短语be involved in,故选H项。 62．考查副词。句意：根据研究，人类在生理上需要触摸，而一个长时间的拥抱是获得触摸的最佳方法之一。分析句子可知，空格处意思是“生理上地”，biologically符合句意。故选F项。 63．考查名词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处的意思是“方法”，approaches符合句意。故选I项。 64．考查名词。句意：北伊利诺伊大学专注于社会关系的教授Suzanne Degges White说，我们对拥抱的需求可以追溯到我们物种的生存。根据下文“When we’re born, we are incapable of  ___5___  for ourselves and we need to be comfortable with being held in order to survive.”可知空格处缺少的意思是“生存，活下来”，survival符合句意。故选D项。 65．考查动词。句意：当我们出生的时候，我们没有能力照顾自己，为了生存，我们需要被抱着才感到舒服。根据上文“When we’re born”可知，空格处为的意思是“照顾，照料”，fending符合句意。故选J项。 66．考查形容词。句意：这种纽带和社区意识在进化中发挥了重要作用，因为对人类来说，我们小群体和后来的社区的安全对生存至关重要。根据上文“This bond and sense of community has played an essential evolutionary role”可知安全对生存至关重要，空格处的意思是“至关重要的”，crucial符合句意。故选A项。 67．考查形容词。句意：人们可能认为空中问候和拥抱在功能上是一样的。根据下文“But actually, the former can never be compared with the latter.”的转折可知，空格处表示的意思是“一致的”，identical符合句意。故选K项。 68．考查动词。句意：更重要的是，从这种密切接触中获得的社区意识有助于我们文明的发展。分析句子可知，空格处缺少的意思是“获得”，gained符合句意。故选B项。 69．考查形容词。句意：事实证明，他们更有可能避免社交活动，过着孤立的生活。根据上文“They turned out to be more likely to avoid social activities”可知这些人可能不社交，空格处的意思是“孤立的”，isolated符合句意。故选G项。 70．考查动词。句意：在过去的两年里，我们一直渴望拥抱。根据上文“Since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, we have been ___1___ in an unsafe place in the world of greeting etiquette.”可知由于新冠疫情，人们被迫隔离，缺少拥抱，空格处为的意思是“受折磨，遭受 ”，suffering符合句意。故选E项。 08 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 A．character         B．committed             C． control     D．failure E. fortunately         F. magic                 G. range         H. reinvented I. repeatedly         J. revolutionizing         K. smash The Oral History of James Cameron Sigourney Weaver didn’t want to star in a sequel to Alien. Then she read the screenplay. “Every single page was my 71 , with all kinds of different levels of drama,” she says. “Everything about the script was so good and powerful.” It was a war movie in space. To the actress, the idea of Ellen Ripley fighting aliens alongside a unit of colonial marines sounded great. There was only one problem: “First of all, I didn’t know there would be machine guns in it,” she says. “And I had worked for gun 72 for a number of years. So I said, ‘I’m sorry, the gun thing, that’s not going to work for me.” Another director might have turned his back on Weaver. But not James Cameron.      He responded by taking her to a shooting 73 . After letting off a few bursts of gunfire, she began to see the world through Cameron’s eyes. “Unfortunately, or 74 , that experience gives you so much adrenaline (肾上腺激素), and it’s a little bit transforming.” Weaver says. “I had to embrace the fact that I was with an army unit and they were going to be using these guns. And at some point I would have to do that, too. Jim really wants his actors to feel comfortable, and to feel 75 . So he always had me try everything first.” Aliens was a typical Cameron blockbuster: exciting, moving, futuristic, propelled by a heroine, and full of things that audiences had never seen before. And, oh yeah: It was a box office 76 that won two Oscars and earned seven nominations, including Weaver’s first. This is the James Cameron way. He’s 77 the popcorn film every single time he’s made one, from The Terminator to Titanic to Avatar. Each of his movies is more ambitious, more expensive, and more imaginative than the last. He’s 78 outdone himself — and the rest of Hollywood. But while Cameron’s genius is unique, he hasn’t made 79 alone. From his early days as a special effects assistant to 80 3D filmmaking again with ‘Avatar: The Way of Water’, one thing has always been clear: working with James Cameron is a singular experience. 【答案】 71．A 72．C 73．G 74．E 75．B 76．K 77．H 78．I 79．F 80．J 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章简要介绍了詹姆斯·卡梅隆导演。 71．考查名词。句意：“每一页都是我的角色，有各种不同程度的戏剧性。”她说。根据空前my可知，空处填名词，结合前文“Then she read the screenplay.(然后她读了剧本。)”可知，在读剧本时，她发现每一页都有她的角色（character）。故选A项。 72．考查名词。句意：“我为枪支管制工作了很多年。”根据for可知空处填名词，结合后文“So I said, “I’m sorry, the gun thing, that’s not going to work for me.”(所以我说，“对不起，枪的事，对我没用。”)”可知填control (控制)，gun control意为“枪支管控”。故选C项。 73．考查名词。句意：他的回应是带她去射击场。根据a可知空处填名词range (靶场)作宾语。shooting range意为“射击场”。故选G项。 74．考查副词。句意：不幸的是，或者，幸运的是，这种经历会让你肾上腺素飙升，而且有点变化。根据空前连词or可知填副词，与Unfortunately并列，作状语修饰整个句子。结合语境（肾上腺激素升高也会让人兴奋），这种经历也是一种幸运，fortunately (幸运地)。故选E项。 75．考查形容词。句意：吉姆真的希望他的演员感到舒适，并感到投入。根据空前feel可知填形容词作表语，结合后文“So he always had me try everything first.(所以他总是让我先尝试。)”可知，“我”先给他们示范，为了提高演员的专业度和投入，committed (尽心尽力的)。故选B项。 76．考查名词。句意：这部电影票房大卖，赢得了两项奥斯卡奖，并获得了七项提名，包括韦弗的第一项提名。根据a可知空处填名词，作表语，结合后文“won two Oscars and earned seven nominations”可知电影大获成功。smash作名词时，表示大获成功的歌曲（或戏剧、电影），相当于smash hit。故选K项。 77．考查动词。句意：从《终结者》到《泰坦尼克号》，再到《阿凡达》，他每次拍一部爆米花电影都是在改造。根据缩写’s可知空处填动词，构成完整的谓语（现在完成时），结合语境他每次拍的电影都是一种全新呈现，即reinvent“重新创造”。故选H项。 78．考查副词。句意：他一再超越自己，也超越了好莱坞的其他人。根据He’s outdone可知空处填副词，修饰谓语，结合上文“Each of his movies is more ambitious, more expensive, and more imaginative than the last. (他的每一部电影都比上一部更有野心，更昂贵，更有想象力。)”可知，他每次拍电影都是再三地（repeatedly）超越自己。故选I项。 79．考查名词。句意：虽然卡梅隆的天赋是独一无二的，但他并不是独自创造奇迹的。根据hasn’t made可知空处填名词作宾语，结合上文“while Cameron’s genius is unique”可知他的成功，即make magic(创造奇迹)不是一个人独自做到的，magic (神奇)。故选F项。 80．考查动词。句意：从早期担任特效助理，到凭借《阿凡达：水之道》(Avatar: The Way of Water)再次掀起3D电影制作的革命，有一件事一直很清楚：与詹姆斯·卡梅隆(James Cameron)合作是一种独特的体验。根据from…to…可知空处填名词或动名词作宾语。结合语境“a special effects assistant”和“a special effects assistant again with “Avatar: The Way of Water””可知，他在3D电影制作上是革命性的创新，revolutionizing (彻底改变)。故选J项。 09 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市奉贤区致远高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末教学评估英语试题 A．monitors    B．risen    C． nonprofit    D．mostly E. alarms    F. recovered    G. nonexistent    H. amazingly I. corresponding    J. responded    K. remote     US schools struggle to deal with hoax (恶作剧) shootings More and more US schools are confiscating (没收) guns from students and having to deal with calls falsely reporting school shootings. The number of guns found on students in schools during the first two months of this school year has 81 compared with the same time in the past two years, says the nonprofit group Gun Violence Archive, which 82 gun activity. At least 220 guns were seized last month and in August in 35 states, compared with 128 at the same time last year. In the 83 period in 2019, 132 guns were confiscated. The number of guns found in 2020 is likely to have been lower because it was amid the pandemic, when classes were 84 . At least 15 guns were 85 from schools in Baltimore, Maryland, last year, said Sergeant Clyde Boatwright of the Baltimore City School Police Force. It was higher than in any recent year. This school year the department has recovered two guns. One was used when a high-school student was shot dead outside a school. The increasing prevalence of guns comes with an increase in what has come to be known as swatting. This is a hoax in which someone calls emergency services and reports a 86 crime to get law enforcement officials, generally a SWAT team, to go to an address. On Wednesday many San Francisco Bay Area high schools received active shooter hoax calls, a day after police in Florida 87 to swatting calls at several high schools. Since early last month about 117 hoaxes have been reported at schools in 17 states and the District of Columbia, said the National Association of School Resource Officers, a 88 group for school-based law enforcement professionals. “These false 89 are far from harmless,” said Mo Canady, the associations’ executive director. “They also distract limited public safety resources from other community needs and increase anxiety among students and others.” The calls have been made 90 from high schools, but also middle and elementary schools, according to local news reports. Some of the calls are hard to trace because they are made from internet phone numbers, law enforcement experts said. 【答案】 81．B 82．A 83．I 84．K 85．F 86．G 87．J 88．C 89．E 90．D 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了越来越多的美国学生带枪支进入学校，警察在没收枪支的同时还要应对越来越多的虚假校园枪击事件报警电话。 81．考查动词。句意：监测枪支活动的非营利组织枪支暴力档案(Gun Violence Archive)表示，与过去两年同期相比，本学年头两个月在学校学生身上发现的枪支数量有所上升。分析句子可知，设空处是句中谓语动词，应与助动词has构成现在完成时态，结合第二段中“At least 220 guns were seized last month and in August in 35 states, compared with 128 at the same time last year.(上个月和8月份，美国35个州至少查获了220支枪支，而去年同期为128支)”可知，在学校学生身上发现的枪支数量增加了，所以用动词rise，其过去分词为risen。故选B项。 82．考查动词。句意：监测枪支活动的非营利组织枪支暴力档案(Gun Violence Archive)表示，与过去两年同期相比，本学年头两个月在学校学生身上发现的枪支数量有所上升。分析句子可知，设空处是定语从句中谓语动词，结合上文“the nonprofit group Gun Violence Archive”可推知，该非营利组织在监测枪支活动，一般性事实，时态用一般现在时，谓语单数形式，用monitor作谓语动词，意为“监测”。故选A项。 83．考查形容词。句意：2019年同期收缴枪支132支。结合句意，表示“相应的时期；同期”应用形容词corresponding作定语，修饰名词period。故选I项。 84．考查形容词。句意：2020年发现的枪支数量可能更低，因为当时正值疫情，课程极少。设空处在句中作表语，结合上文“amid the pandemic”可推知，新冠疫情期，学校课程很少，用形容词remote作表语，其意为“（机会或可能性）极少的”。故选K项。 85．考查动词。句意：巴尔的摩市学校警察部队的警官克莱德·波莱特(Clyde Boatwright)说，去年在马里兰州巴尔的摩市的学校里至少发现了15支枪。根据下文“This school year the department has recovered two guns. One was used when a high-school student was shot dead outside a school.(本学年，警局已经找到了两把枪。一名高中生在学校外被枪杀时使用了其中一把)”可知，段中在说巴尔的摩市在学校发现的枪支数量，结合were，用动词recover“获得，寻回”的过去分词recovered构成一般过去时的被动语态。故选F项。 86．考查形容词。句意：这是一种骗局，有人打电话给紧急服务部门，报告一起不存在的犯罪，让执法人员，通常是特警小组，去一个地址。根据句中“This is a hoax (这是一种骗局)”可知，这是虚假报案，犯罪行为并不存在，用形容词nonexistent作定语修饰名词crime，意为“不存在的”。故选G项。 87．考查动词。句意：周三，许多旧金山湾区的高中接到了活跃的枪手恶作剧电话，一天前，佛罗里达州警方回应了几所高中的虚假报案电话。设空处是从句中谓语动词，事情已发生，一般过去时；根据主语“police”和宾语“swatting calls”可知，警方对虚假报案电话作出回应，用动词respond，意为“回应；作出反应”，句中用过去式。故选J项。 88．考查形容词。句意：全美学校资源官员协会(National Association of School Resource Officers)表示，自上个月初以来，美国17个州和哥伦比亚特区的学校已经报告了约117起骗局，该协会是一个面向学校执法专业人士的非营利组织。根据“the National Association of School Resource Officers”和“group for school-based law enforcement professionals”可推知，National Association of School Resource Officers是一个非营利组织，用形容词nonprofit作定语修饰名词group，意为“非营利的；不以营利为目的”。故选C项。 89．考查名词。句意：“这些虚假报警远非无害，”协会执行董事莫•卡纳迪(Mo Canady)表示。根据上文“This is a hoax in which someone calls emergency services and reports a　　6　　 crime(这是一种骗局，有人打电话给紧急服务部门，报告一起不存在的犯罪)”和下文“They also distract limited public safety resources from other community needs and increase anxiety among students and others.(它们还分散了有限的公共安全资源对其他社区需求的注意力，增加了学生和其他人的焦虑)”可推知，莫•卡纳迪说的是虚假报警行为造成的危害，false alarms“假警报”。故选E项。 90．考查副词。句意：据当地新闻报道，这些电话主要来自高中，但也有初中和小学。根据下文“but also middle and elementary schools”可推知，这些虚假报警电话主要来至高中，用副词mostly作状语修饰动词have been made，意为“主要地”。故选D项。 10 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市吴淞中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 A．principle  B．ultimately  C． sensitive  D．analyzed  F. sensible E. account  G. principal  H. subjects  I. drawn  J. coats  K. additionally It is common knowledge that mosquitoes don’t attack everyone equally. Scientists have discovered that the pests are 91 to people at astonishingly different rates, but they have struggled to explain what on earth makes certain people “mosquito magnets” while others survive totally. In a new essay published on September 16 in the journal Science, researchers indicate that certain body odors are the deciding factor. Every person has a unique scent profile consisting of different chemical compounds, which mosquitoes are quite 92 to, and the researchers found that mosquitoes were most drawn to people whose skin releases high levels of carboxylic acids. And 93 , the researchers found that peoples’ attractiveness to mosquitoes remained steady as time goes, regardless of changes in diet or brushing habits. The researchers carefully 94 the scent profiles to determine what might 95 for this vast difference. They found a pattern: the most attractive 96 tended to produce greater levels of carboxylic acids from their skin while the least attractive subjects produced much less. Carboxylic acids are 97 organic compounds. Humans produce them in our sebum, which is the oily layer that 98 our skin; there, the acids help to keep our skin moisturized and protected, Vosshall says. Humans release carboxylic acids at much higher levels than most animals, De Obaldia adds, though the amount varies from person to person. The new study had too few participants to say what personal characteristics make someone more likely to produce high levels of carboxylic acids — and there’s no easy way to test your own skin’s carboxylic acid levels outside of the laboratory, Vosshall says. But if you think you might be a mosquito magnet, all hope is not 99 lost. Akbari says the study could help researchers develop more effective mosquito repellents in the future. The secret might be in adding new bacteria to the skin’s existing microbiome to alter its scent profile. So next time it will be 100 of you to apply repellents on your skin before you go to the spot. 【答案】 91．I 92．C 93．K 94．D 95．E 96．H 97．G 98．J 99．B 100．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了有些人更招蚊子“喜爱”的原因。 91．考查动词。句意：科学家们已经发现，这些害虫会在不同程度上受到人们的吸引，但是他们一直难以解释为什么某些人会成为“吸蚊磁铁”，而某些人则完全不会被叮咬。由句意可知，有些人容易吸引蚊子，被蚊子叮咬，而有些人则完全不会，draw“吸引”为动词，符合句意；“the pests”在宾语从句中作主语，与动词draw之间是被动关系，设空处前面有“are”，因此，该空应填draw的过去分词drawn，构成一般现在时的被动语态，故选I。 92．考查形容词。句意：每个人都有由不同化合物组成的独特气味，而蚊子对这些化合物非常敏感。研究人员发现，蚊子最容易被皮肤释放大量羧酸的人吸引。句子结构分析可知，设空处在which引导的非限制性定语从句中作表语，sensitive“敏感的”为形容词，短语be sensitive to意为“对……敏感”，符合句意。故选C。 93．考查副词。句意：此外，研究人员发现，随着时间的推移，人们对蚊子的吸引力保持稳定，无论饮食或刷牙习惯如何变化。由句子结构和句意分析可知，设空处作状语，修饰下文整个句子，表示要介绍更多的研究发现；additionally“除此之外，另外”为副词，符合句意。故选K。 94．考查动词。句意：研究人员仔细分析了气味特征，以确定造成这种巨大差异的原因。句子结构分析可知，设空处在句中作谓语动词，analyze“分析”为动词，符合句意，由下文“They found a pattern”可知此句应用一般过去时，设空处填analyze的过去式analyzed。故选D。 95．考查动词短语。句意：研究人员仔细分析了气味特征，以确定造成这种巨大差异的原因。句子结构分析可知，设空处在“what”引导的宾语从句中作谓语动词，动词短语account for意为“是……的原因”符合句意，由空前的情态动词“might”以及空后的介词“for”可知设空处填account。故选E。 96．考查名词。句意：最容易吸引蚊子的受试者往往皮肤产生的羧酸更多，而最不容易吸引蚊子的受试者产生的羧酸要少得多。句子分析可知，设空处在句中作主语，由空前的“the most attractive ”可知设空处为名词。subject“接受试验者，研究对象”为可数名词，符合句意；由句意可知，此处表复数概念，应用subject的复数形式subjects。故选H。 97．考查形容词。句意：羧酸是重要的有机化合物。设空处在句中作定语，修饰名词“organic compounds”，principal“最重要的，主要的”为形容词，符合句意。故选G。 98．考查动词。句意：人类会在皮脂中产生这种物质，皮脂是一种覆盖在我们皮肤上的脂肪层；酸在其中有助于保湿以及保护皮肤，Vosshall说。句子结构分析可知，设空处在定语从句“that __8__ our skin”中作谓语动词，coat“覆盖，盖”为动词，符合句意；由空前的“Humans produce them in our sebum, which is the oily layer”可知定语从句“that __8__ our skin”用一般现在时，从句中关系代词“that”作主语，指代前文的先行词“the oily layer”，谓语动词用第三人称单数，由此可知，设空处填coats。故选J。 99．考查副词。句意：但即使你认为自己可能是个“吸蚊磁铁”，也并非最终丧失了全部希望。句子分析可知，设空处修饰“lost”，在句中作状语，应为副词。ultimately“最终，最后”为副词，符合句意。故选B。 100．考查形容词。句意：所以，下次在去有蚊子的地方之前，在皮肤上涂抹驱蚊剂是明智的。设空处在句中作表语，sensible“明智的”为形容词，符合句意。故选F。 11 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】 上海交通大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上期末考试英语试卷 A．present     B．features     C． concerned     D．reportedly     E. commercial        F. stretches    G. overwhelming H. exceptionally     I. routinely     J. spared        K. broadcasts Modern media is awash in advertising clutter(杂乱), and who’s to blame? Modern audiences that hate conventional full-length and full-size ads. Today’s consumers don’t like to pay for content, which ought to create a rich environment for advertisers. Yet these same consumers are prone to click or turn away when a conventional ad appears. The result is ad clutter. YouTube 101 a combination of full-length ads, skippable ads, lower-screen banners and display ads on the page alongside each video. Newspapers that once considered the front page important now 102 run ads there. Advertisers integrate plugs(推销) into content to frustrate digital video recorders, which allow viewers to watch programs on a delay and skip regular commercials. If you watch regional telecasts of baseball games, the commercial clutter is so 103 . Ads are visible on the stadium wall behind the home-plate umpire(裁判). On-screen graphics include sponsor logos. And everything is a paid plug--“This call to the coach’s zone is brought to you by Verizon.” According to the showbiz paper Variety, several streaming services are about to introduce a new twist: commercials that start running whenever a viewer pauses a program. Hulu intends to launch such ads this year. AT&T’s DirecTV and U-verse units will 104 use similar technology to trigger full-motion commercials whenever a viewer tries to take a break. There’s a lot at stake. According to Variety, National Football League(NFL) TV broadcasts generate an estimated $4.35 billion in ad revenue during the 17-week regular season. NFL 105 are now loaded with mini commercials that pop up when there is a brief pause in the action, often in “double boxes” that show a view of the field in one frame and a(n) 106 in the other. Interestingly, with no “screen” to work with, radio is one medium that has tried for some time to buck the trend. Many commercial stations trade clutter for clusters--that is, a solid block of commercials running five minutes or more, followed by lengthy commercial-free 107 of time. But wherever a screen is involved, or a printed page, ad clutter is 108 everywhere. Programmers and advertisers can’t really be expected to limit this; it’s a fact of business. Consumers, on the other hand, can opt for commercial-free content--if they’re willing to pay for it. But getting limitless content without paying while also being 109 heavy advertising intrusions is impossible. As media environment is permanently cluttered, audiences should be 110 with what they wish for. 【答案】 101．B 102．I 103．G 104．D 105．K 106．E 107．F 108．A 109．J 110．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了各种社交网络平台和媒体上广告发布的乱象丛生，观众应该关心他们想要的东西。 101．考查动词。句意：YouTube的特点是在每个视频旁边的页面上，结合了全长广告、可跳过广告、屏幕下方的横幅广告和显示广告。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填入谓语动词的第三人称单数形式，feature意为“以……为特色”，符合文意。故选B。 102．考查副词。句意：曾经认为头版很重要的报纸现在经常在头版刊登广告。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填入副词作状语修饰动词run，routinely 意为“例行地，通常地”，符合文意。故选I。 103．考查形容词。句意：如果你观看棒球比赛的地区电视转播，广告杂乱的现象是巨大的。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填入形容词作表语，overwhelming意为“压倒性的， 巨大的”，符合文意。故选G。 104．考查副词。句意：据报道，AT&T的DirecTV和U-verse电视台将使用类似的技术，每当观众试图休息时，就会触发全动广告。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填入副词作状语修饰动词use，reportedly  意为“据报道”，符合文意。故选D。 105．考查名词。句意：NFL的广播中现在充斥着迷你广告，当比赛有短暂的停顿时，这些广告就会弹出，通常是在“双框”中，一帧显示场地的视图，另一帧显示商业广告。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填入名词的复数形式，broadcasts意为“广播节目，电视节目”，符合文意。故选K。 106．考查名词。句意：NFL的广播中现在充斥着迷你广告，当比赛有短暂的停顿时，这些广告就会弹出，通常是在“双框”中，一框显示场地的视图，另一框显示商业广告。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填入名词的单数形式。commercial  意为“（电台或电视播放的）广告”，符合文意。故选E。 107．考查名词。句意：许多商业电视台都把杂乱的广告换成了集群广告，即连续播放5分钟或更长时间的广告，然后是长时间的无广告时段。分析句子结构可知，此处形容词commercial-free（无广告）修饰名词的复数形式，该名词作by的宾语，stretches意为“（连续的）一段时间”，符合文意。故选F。 108．考查形容词。句意：但只要涉及到屏幕或印刷页面，广告就无处不在。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填入形容词作表语，present  意为“在场的，存在的”，符合文意。故选A。 109．考查动词。句意：但在不付费的情况下获得无限的内容，同时又避免大量广告入侵是不可能的。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填入过去分词，spared意为“免去”，符合文意。故选J。 110．考查形容词。句意：由于媒体环境永远是混乱的，观众应该关心他们想要的东西。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填入形容词作表语，be concerned  with意为“关心，挂念”，符合文意。故选C。 12 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】 上海交通大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上期末考试英语试卷 A．served     B．spares     C． yields     D．practically     E. consumed     F. reminds     G. tosses H. strikingly    I. stubbornly     J. desired     K. flavors Yunnan Province, covering an area of 394,000 square kilometers, combines unique ethnic cultures, magnificent mountain scenery, rainforest, tea plantations, ancient towns and delicious food. Kunming, Dali, Lijiang and Shangri-La are always on the bucket list to those who haven’t been to Yunnan before. In the courtyard of her restaurant in Xishuangbanna, Su Ying is preparing to give me a cooking lesson. But she has no pots and pans. Instead, she is going to cook the food in banana leaves and tubes of fresh bamboo on a small fire under an iron tripod in a corner of the yard. Su 111 a mixture of wild vegetables with lemongrass and chili and wraps them up in banana leaves. She seasons sliced beef with chili herbs and spices and puts it into a tube of freshly cut bamboo. Another tube is filled with a more exotic delicacy: live bamboo worms, which she mixes with herbs and spices. Su then thrusts the tubes into the fire. Even to many Chinese, Yunnan seems exotic. Its remoteness 112 it much of the overdevelopment and pollution. The province is a global hotspot of biodiversity and boasts a 113 wide range of local ingredients. Most famously, the summer mushroom season 114 some 300 varieties of edible(可食用的) fungi, including delicacies such as savory matsutake(松茸). There are countless wild plants and plenty of bugs and grubs. On my trips to the province over the years I have dined on toasted barley flour and 115 cups of yak butter tea (酥油茶) in a town now known as Shangri-la. In the north-east of the province I gorged on (狼吞虎咽) spicy hotpots. Even farther north I visited the center of ham production in Xuanwei, where I tasted delicate soups and stews. Here in Xishuangbanna. I was tasting the sour and hot 116 and fresh herbs of the tropical south. No one restaurant or chef could represent Yunnan. There is no single overarching Yunnan cuisine, but a selection of overlapping ones. And more than anywhere else in China, delicacies 117 on table in Yunnan use a large proportion of the ingredients that are 118 local and unavailable elsewhere. In an age when people can sample delicacies from 119 anywhere in the world without even having to leave home, Yunnan 120 us that for a real taste of local culinary culture, sometimes you just have to go to the source. 【答案】 111．G 112．B 113．H 114．C 115．E 116．K 117．A 118．I 119．D 120．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了与中国其他地方相比，云南餐桌上的美食使用的很大一部分食材都是当地独有的，在其他地方是找不到的。在这个人们足不出户就能品尝到世界各地美食的时代，云南提醒我们，要想真正品尝到当地的美食文化，有时候你只需要去源头地。 111．考查动词。句意：苏把野菜、柠檬草和辣椒混合在一起搅拌，用香蕉叶包起来。分析句子可知，空后a mixture of wild vegetables为名词，空前为主语Su，所以此处为动词的填入作谓语，tosses“拌匀，搅拌”为动词，主语是单数，应用三单形式。故选G项 。 112．考查动词。句意：它地处偏远，避免了过度开发和污染。分析句子可知，空前Its remoteness为主语，空后it为代词作宾语，所以空格处应为动词的填入，作宾语，spares“免去，省得”为动词，符合句意，句子描述一般性事实，用一般现在时，主语是单数，动词用三单形式。故选B项。 113．考查副词。句意：该省是全球生物多样性的热点地区，并以其异常广泛的本地食材而自豪。分析句子可知，空前a为冠词，空后wide range为形容词修饰名词，所以空格处为副词形式修饰该形容词，strikingly“惊人地；异常地”为副词，符合句意。故选H项。 114．考查动词。句意：最著名的是，夏季的蘑菇季节出产约300种食用菌，包括美味的松茸等。分析句子可知，空前the summer mushroom season名词作主语，空后some 300 varieties为名词作宾语，所以空格处应为动词的填入作谓语，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，动词应用三单，yields“生产”，符合句意。故选C项。 115．考查动词。句意：在过去的几年里，我在一个现在被称为香格里拉的小镇上，吃的是烤大麦粉，喝的是酥油茶。分析句子可知，此处为and连接的并列谓语，所以此处为谓语动词的填入，应用过去分词consumed“消耗，消费；食用”与have形式现在完成时，符合句意。故选E项。 116．考查名词。句意：我品尝着南方热带地区酸辣的味道和新鲜的香草。分析句子可知，空前sour and hot为并列形容词，所以空格处应为名词的填入，作宾语，表示复数意义，flavors“味道”为名词，符合句意。故选K项。 117．考查非谓语动词。句意：与中国其他地方相比，云南餐桌上的美食使用的很大一部分食材都是当地独有的，在其他地方是找不到的。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰delicacies，结合句意可知，此处表示“提供”，应用动词serve，delicacies和该动词为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式，served“提供”为过去分词，符合句意。故选A项。 118．考查副词。句意：与中国其他地方相比，云南餐桌上的美食使用的很大一部分食材都是当地独有的，在其他地方是找不到的。分析句子可知，空后local为形容词，结合句意可知，空格处应为副词修饰该形容词，stubbornly“固有地”为副词，符合句意。故选I项。 119．考查副词。句意：在这个人们足不出户就几乎能品尝到世界各地美食的时代，云南提醒我们，要想真正品尝到当地的美食文化，有时候你只需要去源头。分析句子可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰后面的地点状语in the world，practically“几乎”为副词，符合句意。故选D项。 120．考查动词。句意：在这个人们足不出户就几乎能品尝到世界各地美食的时代，云南提醒我们，要想真正品尝到当地的美食文化，有时候你只需要去源头。分析句子可知，空前Yunnan为名词作主语，空后us为代词作宾语，所以空格处应为动词的填入，作谓语，句子描述一般性事实，用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词应用三单形式，reminds“提醒”，符合句意。故选F项。 13 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市育才中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末线上测试英语试题 A．critical    B．emotionally    C． escape D．invisible E. lack    F. present G. principal    H. struggle    I. sympathetically J. troublesome    K. withdraw Children’s Addiction to the Internet Internet addiction among children is a growing concern. Online access is a(n) 121 part of the modern world and an important tool in the education of our children. In addition, the Internet is a highly entertaining and informative medium. However, these very qualities also make it a fascinating 122 from reality for many children. They can be anyone in an online chat room, or play thrilling and challenging games against other players from all corners of the globe. With the click of a mouse, they can enter a different world where the problems of their real life are no longer 123 , and all the things one wishes he or she could experience are possible. Like addiction to drugs and alcohol, the Internet offers children and adolescents a way to escape painful feelings or 124 situations. They sacrifice needed hours of sleep to spend time online and 125 from family and friends to escape into a comfortable online world that they have created and shaped. Children who 126 rewarding or nurturing relationships or who suffer from poor social and coping skills are at greater risk of developing inappropriate or excessive online habits. Because they feel separated and lonely, and have problems making new friends, they turn to 127 strangers in online chat rooms looking for the attention and companionship missing in their real lives. They may come from families with significant problems, and they cope with their problems by spending time online. Socially, they learn to message friends rather than develop face-to-face relationship, which impacts their way of relating to peers. As one 128 explained, “The Internet is hurting their ability to work in groups. Our teachers 129 to get them to participate in any kind of team assignments; instead they would all rather stare at the computer. When I observe them talking to one another in the hallway, I see young girls who are socially aggressive or inappropriate, and I can’t help but think that the Internet is socializing them in ways that 130 prevents their development and makes it difficult for them to deal with others in the real world.” 【答案】 121．A 122．C 123．F 124．J 125．K 126．E 127．D 128．G 129．H 130．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了儿童沉迷互联网的原因及影响。 121．考查形容词。句意：在线访问是现代社会的一个重要组成部分，也是教育我们孩子的一个重要工具。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词part，由句意可知，此处表示“极重要的”，应用形容词critical。故选A。 122．考查名词。句意：然而，正是这些品质也使它成为许多孩子逃避现实的迷人方式。由a可知，此处应用名词单数作宾语补足语，根据句意可知，此处表示“逃避”应用名词escape，an escape from reality“逃避现实”，故选C。 123．考查形容词。句意：只要点击一下鼠标，他们就可以进入一个不同的世界，在那里，他们现实生活中的问题不再存在，人们希望他们能经历的所有事情都成为可能。此处应用形容词作表语，根据句意可知，此处表示“存在的”，应用形容词present，故选F。 124．考查形容词。句意：就像对毒品和酒精上瘾一样，互联网为儿童和青少年提供了一种逃避痛苦感觉或麻烦处境的途径。此处应用形容词作后置定语，修饰名词situationa，表示“麻烦的”，应用形容词troublesome，故选J。 125．考查动词。句意：他们牺牲必要的睡眠时间上网，远离家人和朋友，进入一个他们创造和塑造的舒适的网络世界。空前的to是不定式，表示目的，此处应用动词原形和动词spend是并列关系，根据句意可知，此处表示“脱离；远离”应用动词withdraw，故选K。 126．考查动词。句意：缺乏奖励或培养关系的儿童，或社交和应对技能差的儿童，更有可能养成不适当或过度的上网习惯。此处在who引导的定语从句“who______rewarding or nurturing relationships”中作谓语，who代指children，此处表示“缺乏”应用动词lack，且句子用的是一般现在时，主语是复数，应用动词原形，故选E。 127．考查形容词。句意：因为他们感到分离和孤独，交新朋友有困难，所以他们求助于网上聊天室里看不见的陌生人，寻找现实生活中缺失的关注和陪伴。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词strangers，表示“看不见的”应用形容词invisible，故选D。 128．考查名词。句意：正如一位校长解释的那样，“互联网正在损害他们群体工作的能力。”此处应用名词作主语，表示“校长”用名词principal，由one可知，为单数，故选G。 129．考查动词。句意：我们的老师尽力让他们参加任何形式的团队作业，相反，他们宁愿盯着电脑。此处在句中作谓语，根据句意可知，此处表示“尽力做某事”应用短语struggle to do，句子描述一般性事实，用一般现在时，主语是复数，应用动词原形，故选H。 130．考查副词。句意：当我观察她们在走廊里互相交谈时，我看到年轻女孩在社交上有攻击性或不恰当的行为，我不禁认为互联网正在以情感上阻碍她们发展的方式将她们社交化，使她们在现实世界中难以与他人相处。根据句意可知，此处表示“情感上的”应用副词emotionally，故选B。 14 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市七宝中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末英语试卷 A．guarantee   B．boost     C． barely    D．distractions   E. literally   F. spare G. towering    H. critical   I. excessive   J. packing      K. available It Doesn’t Have to be Crazy at Work How often have you heard someone say “It’s crazy at work”? Maybe you’ve even said it yourself. For many, “It’s crazy at work” has become their normal. But why so crazy? There are two primary reasons: (1) The workday is being sliced into tiny, fleeting work moments by an onslaught of physical and virtual 131 .  (2)And an unhealthy obsession with growth at any cost set 132 , unrealistic expectations that stress people out. It’s no wonder people are working longer, earlier, later, on weekends, and whenever they have a(n) 133 moment. That turns life into work’s left-overs. The doggie bag. What’s worse is that long hours, 134 busyness, and lack of sleep have become a badge of honor for many people these days. Sustained exhaustion is not a badge of honor. Instead, it’s a(n) 135 of a physical and mental breakdown. Besides, everyone’s talking about how to 136 productivity these days. There’s an endless stream of methodologies and tools promising to make people more productive. But more productive at what? Productivity is for machines, not for people. There’s nothing meaningful about 137 some number of work units into some amount of time or squeezing more into less. Machines can 138 work 24/7, but humans can’t. When people focus on productivity, they end up focusing on being busy. Filling every moment with something to do. And there’s always more to do! But we should not believe in busyness. We should believe in effectiveness. How little can we do? How much can we cut out? Instead of adding to-dos, we add to-don’ts. Being productive is about occupying your time - filling your schedule to the brim and getting as much done as you can. Being effective is about finding more of your time unoccupied and 139 for other things besides work. Time for leisure, time for family and friends. Or time for doing absolutely nothing. Yes, it is perfectly acceptable to have nothing to do. Or, better yet, nothing worth doing. If you’ve only got three hours of work to do on a given day, then stop. Don’t fill your day with five more just to stay busy or feel productive. Not doing something that is 140 worth doing is a wonderful way to spend your time. 【答案】 131．D 132．G 133．F 134．I 135．B 136．A 137．J 138．E 139．K 140．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是工作时不必疯狂，人类并不能像机器人一样全天候的工作，针对于忙碌的工作，我们不应该相信忙碌，而是要相信效果，即不断地给自己的工作做减法，不添加要做的事，而是添加不做的事，这样就可以不用忙碌的工作。 131．考查名词。句意：由于大量的物理和虚拟干扰，工作日被分割成微小的、短暂的工作时间。分析句子，设空处应该使用名词作宾语。表示“分心；干扰”用distraction。故选D。 132．考查形容词。句意：对不惜任何代价实现增长的不健康痴迷，设定了过高的、不切实际的期望，使人们感到压力。分析句子，设空处应该使用形容词作定语，表示“过高的”用towering。故选G。 133．考查形容词。句意：在周末以及任何有空闲时间的时候，难怪人们工作得更长、更早、更晚。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，表示“空闲的”用spare。故选F。 134．考查形容词。句意：更糟糕的是，长时间工作、过度忙碌、睡眠不足已经成为许多人的荣誉标志。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，表示“过度的”用excessive。故选I。 135．考查名词。句意：相反，它是一种身体和精神崩溃的刺激。分析句子，设空处使用名词作表语，表示“刺进，促进”用boost。故选B。 136．考查动词。句意：此外，现在每个人都在谈论如何保证生产力。分析句子，设空处使用动词与空前to构成不定式结构，此处表示“保证”用guarantee。故选A。 137．考查动词。句意：生产力是机器的，不是人的。在一定的时间内完成一定数量的工作单元，或者把更多的工作压缩到更少的时间内，是没有任何意义的。分析句子，设空处使用动名词作宾语，此处表示“压缩”用packing。故选J。 138．考查副词。句意：机器确实地可以全天候工作，但人类不能。分析句子，设空处使用副词修饰动词作状语。表示“确实地”用literally。故选E。 139．考查形容词。句意：高效就是找到更多空闲的时间，做工作之外的其他事情。分析句子，设空处使用的是形容词与空前的unoccupied构成并列结构，此处表示“可利用的”用available。故选K。 140．考查副词。句意：不做那些几乎不值得做的事情是一种消磨时间的好方法。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语，表示“几乎不”用barely。故选C。 15 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市控江中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末英语试卷 A．occasional   B．one-dimensional   C． path    D．intentionally   E. portrayed    F. counter G. downsides   H. representation     I. lacked   J. similarly      K. sophisticated Mad Science Until relatively recently, popular media neglected fact-checking and mostly offered negative, mad scientist-oriented stereotypes. A survey of more than a thousand horror films from 1931 to 1984 found that a third 141 “scientists or their creations as villains or monsters,” while merely 11 percent painted them as heroes. Later, a 2003 study 142 concluded that even “good” movie scientists (across genres) commonly succumbed to evil and corruption. Onscreen researchers also typically 143 complex storylines, or even details of their personal lives, the 2003 article found. That’s a problem because most people don’t know scientists themselves and form opinions based on the media they consume, leading to a dehumanizing effect. Factual errors and 144 portrayals have real-world consequences. As of 1981, people who frequently watched TV were more likely than 145 viewers to mistrust science, view it as dangerous and reject the entire career 146 . That’s the primary reason why researchers work on Hollywood projects: to 147 these misconceptions. Satisfyingly, 148 has improved in recent decades, likely because it’s far more common to recruit science consultants. Now, audience expect more 149 explanations behind far-out plots. These days, it’s now impossible for films to get away with these silly stereotypes, unless it’s a horror film or comedy. Hollywood now tends to heroize scientists, but glorifying the profession also has its 150 : It may obscure the fact that researchers are human and can make human mistakes too. 【答案】 141．E 142．J 143．I 144．B 145．A 146．C 147．F 148．H 149．K 150．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了好莱坞电影在情节设置上出现的一些不足。 141．考查动词。句意：一项对1931年至1984年间上千部恐怖电影的调查发现，三分之一的人把“科学家或他们的创造物描绘成恶棍或怪物”，而只有11% 的人把他们描绘成英雄。分析句子可知，空处在句中为谓语，同时结合下文“merely 11 percent painted them as heroes”可知，此处的时态为过去时，意思上与动词“painted”（描绘）意义一致，选项E.“portrayed”（描绘）为动词，符合题意，故选E。 142．考查副词。句意：后来，2003年的一项研究得出了类似的结论，即使是“好”的电影科学家(不同类型)通常也会屈服于邪恶和腐败。分析句子可知，空处在句中为状语，修饰动词concluded，所以用副词。选项J.“similarly”（相似地，类似地），符合题意，故选J。 143．考查动词。句意：这篇2003年的文章发现，银幕上的研究人员通常也缺乏复杂的故事情节，甚至缺乏个人生活的细节。空处在句中为谓语，由下文“the 2003 article found”可知，这里的时态为过去，根据下文“That’s a problem because most people don’t know scientists themselves and form opinions based on the media they consume, leading to a dehumanizing effect.”（这是一个问题，因为大多数人自己并不了解科学家，并且根据他们所使用的媒体形成观点，从而导致非人性化的影响。）可知，由于银幕上对科学家们的故事甚至个人生活的细节缺乏，所以导致人们对科学家们的非人性化的认知，所以空处的含义为“缺乏”，选项I. “lacked”（缺乏）符合题意，故选I。 144．考查形容词。句意：事实上的错误和肤浅的描述有现实世界的后果。根据上文“That’s a problem because most people don’t know scientists themselves and form opinions based on the media they consume, leading to a dehumanizing effect.”（这是一个问题，因为大多数人自己并不了解科学家，并且根据他们所使用的媒体形成观点，从而导致非人性化的影响。）可知，人们对科学家们的非人性认识是根据他们所使用的媒体所形成得观点，所以这个认知是不全面的，是肤浅的，所以空处这里承接上文，讲述这种肤浅的认知会有现实中的后果。选项B.“ one-dimensional”（浅薄的，肤浅的）为形容词，符合题意，故选B。 145．考查形容词。句意：截至1981年，经常看电视的人比偶尔看电视的人更有可能不信任科学，认为它是危险的，并拒绝整个职业道路。结合空前“people who frequently watched TV were more likely than ”及空后“viewers”可知，空处是与经常看电视的人作比较，所以用形容词occasional“偶然的”，符合题意，故选A。 146．考查名词。句意：截至1981年，经常看电视的人比偶尔看电视的人更有可能不信任科学，认为它是危险的，并拒绝整个职业道路。结合前文内容可知，经常看电视的人比偶尔看电视的人更有可能不信任科学，认为科学是危险的，因而导致这些常看电视的人会对自己的整个职业生涯拒绝。path“道路，生涯”为名词，符合题意，故选C。 147．考查动词。句意：这就是为什么研究人员致力于好莱坞项目的主要原因: 反对这些误解。空前to为不定式，所以空处填动词。结合上文“As of 1981, people who frequently watched TV were more likely than 　　5　　 viewers to mistrust science, view it as dangerous and reject the entire career 　　6　　.”可知，好莱坞的项目对人们形成了错误的导向：不信任科学，认为科学是危险的，因而对于研究人员而言，他们就要反对这种误解，counter“反驳”为动词，符合题意，故选F。 148．考查名词。句意：令人满意的是，这种描述在近几十年来有所改善，可能是因为招聘科学顾问的现象更为普遍。y由前文可知，好莱坞的项目对人们形成了误导，同时结合下文“likely because it’s far more common to recruit science consultants”可知，这里指因为（好莱坞项目中）招聘科学顾问的现象更为普遍，所以这种错误的描述在改善。representation“展现；描绘；描述”为名词，在句中作主语，符合题意，故选H。 149．考查形容词。句意：现在，观众期待着在奇特的情节背后有更巧妙的解释。结合下文“These days, it’s now impossible for films to get away with these silly stereotypes, unless it’s a horror film or comedy. ”（如今，除非是恐怖片或喜剧片，否则电影不可能摆脱这些愚蠢的刻板印象。）可知，除了恐怖片或喜剧片外，其它的电影的情节依然是刻板的，作为观众而言，他们渴望电影对奇特的情节能有合理的，巧妙的解释。sophisticated“复杂巧妙的”为形容词，符合题意，故选K。 150．考查名词。句意：好莱坞现在倾向于英雄化科学家，但是赞美这个职业也有它的缺点: 它可能掩盖了一个事实，即研究人员是人，也可能犯人类的错误。空处在句中作宾语，所以用名词。结合下文“It may obscure the fact that researchers are human and can make human mistakes too.”（它可能掩盖了一个事实，即研究人员是人，也可能犯人类的错误。）可知，好莱坞对科学家英雄化的同时，忽视了科学家作为人类的基本事实：会犯错误，这也是其对这个职业职业赞美的同时兼有的不足。即缺陷，downsides“缺点，不利方面”为名词，符合题意，故选G。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $