专题1 智利缺雨迫使植物生命发生变化-2025年高考英语阅读理解拔尖与突破（全国通用）

专题1 智利缺雨迫使植物生命发生变化 Lack of Rain in Chile Forces Change in Plant Life In Chile’s capital, Santiago, plants like grass are becoming rare after 13 years of extremely little rainfall. The drought has forced the city of six million people to limit water use. It has also caused local officials and landscapers to replace plants that need a lot of water with desert plants. "Santiago's landscaping is from years ago, designed for a Mediterranean climate. Now we are in a semi-desert climate," Valentina Vega of the Providencia neighborhood, told Reuters. "We can't waste all that water anymore." Recently, Chile announced a plan to ration water in the capital. It is the first such measure in the city’s nearly 500-year history. It involves a four-level system that includes restrictions on water pressure and cutting off water to parts of the city for periods of time. A general view of an area with native plants and trees better adapted to grow in a drier environment, while Chile is suffering its worst drought in recent history, at a local park in Santiago, Chile on April 18, 2022. In Providencia, the local government plans to change planted areas along roads into areas with plants that need little water. A special watering system is also planned. "This saves almost 90% of water compared to traditional landscaping," Vega added. The city is also divided. Rich areas have more areas with trees and plants which are little seen in poorer areas. But everyone is making changes, using native plants and modernized watering systems to avoid waste. Economics student Aracely Rodriguez, 26, lives in Pudahuel, an area in the northwest of Santiago. "Where I live there are no parks or green areas nearby, there is not much to water," Rodriguez said, adding: "We try to take care of the water. We have a conscience.” Reducing water Rodrigo Fuster is an expert in water management from the University of Chile. He said people need to change the way they use water. He said Santiago now receives less rainfall and snow from the nearby Andes Mountains. This has reduced river water available to the city. In Santiago’s main city park, waterways that carry water from the Maipo and Mopocho rivers to the park are 80 percent lower than normal. Park officials have updated the water systems and added trees that can live in the climate. "The drought hits us all," said Eduardo Villalobos, who helps supervise the park. He added that people need to change what they do each day to save water. In the park and others across Santiago, a combined five hectares of grass area has already been replaced, he said. This saves 300,000 liters of water during each watering period. Local people have been divided about the changes. Some said the new landscaping in places just looked like rocks. Others said change would take time and could also be beautiful. Dina Robles pointed to a sustainable garden in front of her house full of different plants, colorful flowers, and grasses. The smell of plants often used in cooking, mint and rosemary, was carried by the wind. "A neighbor told me she regretted the change, that they had been promised flowers and there were only stones," Robles said with a laugh. She added that it took three months for the plants near her house to flower. "Then it all exploded in shades of violet and blue. It's very beautiful," she said. I’m Gregory Stachel. Words in This Story drought – n. a long period of time during which there is very little or no rain landscape – v. to make changes to improve the appearance of (an area of land) ration – v. to control the amount of (something, such as gasoline or food) that people are allowed to have especially when there is not enough of it sustainable – adj. involving methods that do not completely use up or destroy natural resources conscience – n. the part of the mind that makes you aware of your actions as being either morally right or wrong park – n. a piece of public land in or near a city that is kept free of houses and other buildings and can be used for pleasure and exercise regret –v. to feel sorry or sad about something you did or did not do 【阅读任务】 1. What’s the main idea of this passage? (Write it down in 50 words or less) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 读完上面文章后，请把自己认为非常好的单词、短语或表达写下来。认真体会它们的用法并熟记，之后再思考哪些词汇可以在写作文时使用。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 中文译文 智利缺雨迫使植物生命发生变化 在智利首都圣地亚哥，经过13年的极少降雨，像草这样的植物变得越来越罕见。 干旱迫使这座拥有600万人口的城市限制用水。它还导致当地官员和园林设计师用沙漠植物取代需要大量水的植物。 “圣地亚哥的景观是多年前为地中海气候而设计的。现在我们处于半沙漠气候，”普罗维登西亚社区的瓦伦蒂娜·维加告诉路透社。“我们不能再浪费这么多水了。” 最近，智利宣布了一项在首都限量供水的计划。这是该市近500年历史上首次采取此类措施。它包括一个四级系统，包括限制水压和在一段时间内切断城市部分地区的供水。 2022年4月18日，在智利圣地亚哥的一个公园里，当地的植物和树木更适合在干旱的环境中生长，而智利正遭受着近年来最严重的干旱。 在普罗维登西亚，当地政府计划将沿路的种植区域改为种植不需要多少水的植物的区域。一个特殊的浇灌系统也在计划之中。 “与传统景观相比，这节省了近90%的水，”Vega补充道。 这座城市也分裂了。富裕地区有更多的树木和植物，而这些树木和植物在贫穷地区很少见到。但每个人都在做出改变，使用本地植物和现代化的灌溉系统来避免浪费。 26岁的经济学专业学生阿拉斯雷·罗德里格斯（Aracely Rodriguez）住在圣地亚哥西北部的普达韦尔（Pudahuel）。 罗德里格斯说：“我住的地方附近没有公园或绿地，也没有多少水源。我们尽量保护水源。”我们有良心。” 减少水 罗德里戈·福斯特（Rodrigo Fuster）是智利大学水资源管理专家。他说，人们需要改变用水的方式。他说，圣地亚哥现在从附近的安第斯山脉获得的降雨和降雪减少了。这减少了城市可用的河水。 在圣地亚哥的主要城市公园，从迈波河和莫波乔河到公园的水流量比正常水平低80%。公园官员已经更新了供水系统，并增加了能在这种气候下生存的树木。 “干旱打击了我们所有人，”帮助管理公园的爱德华多·比利亚洛沃斯说。他补充说，人们需要改变他们每天节约用水的方式。 他说，在公园和圣地亚哥的其他地方，总共有5公顷的草地已经被取代。这样每次浇水可以节约30万升水。 当地人对这些变化意见不一。有人说，有些地方的新景观看起来就像石头。其他人说，改变需要时间，也可能是美好的。 迪娜·罗伯斯指着她房前的一个可持续发展的花园，花园里种满了不同的植物、五颜六色的花和草。经常用于烹饪的植物的气味，薄荷和迷迭香，被风吹来。 罗伯斯笑着说：“一位邻居告诉我，她对这一改变感到遗憾，因为他们得到的承诺是鲜花，而这里只有石头。”她补充说，她家附近的植物花了三个月的时间才开花。 然后一切都爆炸了，变成了紫色和蓝色。非常漂亮，”她说。 我是Gregory Stachel。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$