Unit 5 Revealing nature Using language 导学案-2024-2025学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册

主题语境---人与自然---认识与探索自然 班级：__________ 姓名：___________ XB1U5 Using language Past perfect导学单 Learning objectives: 1. Learn basic structure and fixed sentence pattern of past perfect. 2. Master how to use past perfect correctly in the passage. 课前 Observe and summary 定义：表示在过去的某一时间或某一动作之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。 注：过去完成时一定有一个表示过去的参照点。 a. Before I got to the bus station ,t he bus had left. b. By the time I got back to school , the bell had rung. Summary: The structure of past perfect: ____________ 课中 Road to past pefect 一、过去完成时的构成为： 肯定式为 __________________ ； 否定式为 __________________ ； 被动式为 __________________ 。 2、 过去完成时的基本用法 ： 1. 常与时间状语“by+表示过去的时间”；when/before/after+表示过去时间 By nine o'clock last night, we ____________(finish) most of the work. 到昨晚 9 点钟，我们已经完成了大部分的工作。 Before we got to the train station, the train had already left . 我们到达火车站之前，火车就已经离开了。 2. 表示在过去某一时刻之前已经开始并一直延续到这一时刻的动作或状态,常和for,since引导的时间状语连用。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 他说自从 1949 年以来他就在那家工厂工作。 When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I hadn't seen for years. 当沿着街道散步时 , 我偶然遇到了戴维 , 我已多年未见过他。 3.某些动词的过去完成时表示过去未实现的希望、计划或打算。常用的动词有hope,expect,suppose,think,want,wish,mean, plan,intend 等。 They had wanted to help but couldn't get here in time. 他们本来想要来帮忙的 , 但未能及时赶到这儿。 I had hoped to send him a Christmas card, but I forgot to do so. 我本来想送他一张圣诞节贺卡 , 但把这事给忘了。 We had intended to come and see you. 我们本来打算来看你的。 3、 过去完成时的常用的固定句型： 1.在 “It/That was the first/second… time that...”此句型中，主句用了一般过去时，that引导的定语从句要用过去完成时 It was the first time that I had visited the Great Wall. 这是我第一次参观长城。 2.“It was+一段时间+since从句”，since从句谓语用过去完成时 It was three years since he had joined the army. 他参军三年了。 3. 在句型Hardly…when…和 No sooner…than…中，主句常用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时，表示“一……就……”。 ① Hardly had he got into his big office when the telephone rang. 他刚进入他的大办公室 , 电话铃响了。 ② No sooner had he arrived than he was asked to leave again. 他刚到就被要求离开。 4.在句型If only, I’d rather 中，用过去完成时，表示“要是...就好了”；“宁愿”。 ① If only we had listened to their advice. 我们要是听他的建议就好了。 ② I’d rather you hadn’t been present. 我宁愿你当时不在场。 Have a try 1.He ___________(learn) 3000 words before he went to England. 2.The old man told us that he__________ (travel) to many places. 3.It was the third time that he ___________ (see) such a large animal. 4. By the time he got to the airport,the plane ____________(take off) 5.Mary did her homework and_______ (wash) the dishes. 四、一般过去时与过去完成时的区别: ①. 过去完成时在时间上 ________________ ， 而一般过去时强调 _________________ 。 ②. 时态标志词不同： 一般过去时： _________________________________________ 等。 过去完成时：___________________________________________ 等。 课后 Practice Assignment: Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets. 1. By yesterday they ___________ (work) for six days. 2. By the middle of last month we ________ (live) in Beijing for five years. 3. When I came to Guangzhou, he ________(be) there for a long time. 4. Before they arrived here the film ____already ______ (start). 5. I ____________(intend) to meet him at the airport, but I had an important meeting to attend. 6. He entered the room, __________(turn) on the light and read an evening paper. 7. No sooner had he arrived than he _______(go) away again. 8. It was the third time that he ___________(be) out of work. 9. She returned the book that she ______________.(borrow) 10. I thought that I _________(see) him before. Ⅱ. Micro writing (Mary’s journal)( 5 minutes) 1.___________________________________（上周日，我本打算出去散步，但是在早上就开始下雨 , intend ） . So I went to the movies with my best friend. 2. ___________________________________（当我起床的时候，我的狗已经把桌子上我的早餐都吃了。 by the time ） . Then I went to see the film, hungry, 3.__________________________（但是当我到电影院的时候，电影已经放映 20 分钟了。 be on 放映） . 4._____________________________（这是我第一次和我最好的朋友一起看电影。） and it was the most interesting movie that I had watched! 5._____________________________（我一走出电影院就遇见了我的同班同学们 hardly......when..... ） We had dinner and talked happily. 6.___________________________________（但是当我要付钱的时候，我发现我的钱包和手机被偷了） What an unlucky day! 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$