精品解析：黑龙江省大庆市实验中学实验二部2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷

大庆实验中学2022级高三上学期期中考试 英语学科试题 说明：1.请将答案填涂在答题卡的指定区域内。 2.满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a bookstore. B. In a school library. C. In a restaurant. 2. What’s the possible relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Mother and son. 3. Where is the woman’s husband now? A. In Washington. B. In London. C. In Paris. 4. What was the girl doing? A. Asking for directions. B. Looking for a girl. C. Waiting for someone. 5. How much does the woman need to pay? A.70 dollars. B.80 dollars. C.100 dollars. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why is the woman going to America? A. For business. B. To visit her parents. C. To look for another job. 7. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The man got married half a year ago. B. The man’s wife likes living in London very much. C. The man will probably give up his job for his wife. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What do we know about the man and Jim? A. They both like green best. B. They both like black best. C. Neither of them has a favorite color. 9. What color does the woman like best? A. Green. B. Black. C. Orange. 10. What does the man think of what the woman said? A. He thinks it is interesting. B He thinks it is surprising. C. He thinks it is believable. 听第8段材料， 回答第11至13题。 11. How does the woman usually go to school? A. On foot. B. By bike. C. By bus. 12. Who is looking after Tom’s mother now? A. Tom. B. Tom’s father. C. Jenny. 13. What will the woman do tonight? A. Go to see Tom’s mother. B. Go to visit her sister. C. Go to study at Mr. Lee’s. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where did this conversation take place? A. In a shop. B. In a school. C. In a police station. 15. Where did the accident happen when the boy was riding to school? A. A short distance ahead of him. B. A short distance behind him. C. In the boy’s village. 16. What did the boy immediately do when he saw the accident? A. Gave first aid to the car driver. B. Shouted for help. C. Rode home to call the police. 17. What will the boy do after school? A. Go to the hospital to see the drivers. B. Stay at school to study. C. Go home to have a good rest. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Until when can American students enjoy free education? A. Until 16 years old. B. Until 18 years old. C. Until 20 years old. 19. What makes progress in high school slow? A. That most subjects are difficult. B. That there is too little time for study every day. C. That students of all levels study in the same class. 20. Where do children go if they want to eventually get accepted into a university? A. High schools in central cities. B. Suburb high schools. C. High schools opened by universities. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Interlibrary Loan is the service that the Osterhout Free Library offers for free to our patrons (顾客). You can use Interlibrary Loan to borrow an item (books, DVDs, music CDs, etc.) from within the continental 48 states if it is unavailable in the Luzerne County Library System. How to request an Interlibrary Loan item ◆To request an Interlibrary Loan item, you must either call the Osterhout Free Library, or come to our Information Services Desk. ◆You must know exactly what item(s) you would like. We do not accept requests for general topics — for instance, “I would like books on antique cars.” ◆Be sure to check the Luzerne County Library System’s catalogue before asking Interlibrary Loan for an item. Interlibrary Loan Processing ◆When a patron requests Interlibrary Loan items, they are allowed to request more than one item, but there is a maximum of 5 requests in the system per patron. ◆When the item comes in, the patron will be contacted via phone to ask him/ her to pick it up. If the item is not able to be obtained, the patron will be notified via e-mail. ◆If you wish to renew your Interlibrary Loan item, you must call us at least one week before the due date. And we will not request the same item for a patron more than 3 times. Interlibrary Loan Penalties(处罚) ◆Interlibrary Loan overdue fees are $0.50/ day per item. ◆The following actions will result in an additional $3.00 per item fine: ·Returning an Interlibrary Loan item to any library other than the Osterhout Free Library. ·Returning an Interlibrary Loan item without the paperwork with the due date. 1. What is a must when you borrow a book from Interlibrary Loan? A. Renewing the book 3 days in advance. B. Giving priority to Interlibrary Loan. C. Specifying your desired book. D. Visiting the Osterhout Free Library. 2. What’s a privilege for patrons of the Osterhout Free Library? A. Having a free delivery service. B. Being reminded of an unavailable item by e-mail. C. Being given unlimited renewal of an item. D. Borrowing at least 5 items at a time. 3. How much fine will you pay for just an item’s delayed return for a fortnight? A. $7. B. $6.5. C. $4. D. $3.5. B Community can’t happen if there’s no space for relationships to build. Not everyone feels comfortable in their community centre. And, actually, the street can provide all this. Because when traffic is calmed and there’s space for people to connect, for children to play and for older people to sit down, then the street can become this mini ecosystem where the community can thrive, as well as local economies and shops. There’s so much regeneration in Barking but that’s happening to newly-build areas, not the spaces in between that get forgotten and left behind. A report before found 50 percent of people in Barking didn’t feel safe in the town centre after dark - so we started a project to deal with that. We started by going into the street with a map and asking people where they didn’t feel safe. People knew immediately - they would say: “I don’t feel safe in this alleyway (小巷) or that cash point.” Then, we brought people together and asked: “If you were hosting a birthday party for your best friend in this alleyway and you had £50 to spend, how would you use the shops here to do that?” It inspired such good ideas. People decorated the space in their own creative ways. We did the first round of experiments and found about 60 percent of people felt safer as a result. Then we were able to get some funding and let an artist and an architect create some bigger artwork in those areas. Streets are places that we have to share, and people have different ways they want to travel around. It’s all about making sure that everyone is involved in the conversation. We try to put people and community at the heart of a place, which I think is key to a sense of belonging. Nowadays, people have started to see their community as not just their sports groups or colleagues but the people that live near them. The street is that unit for coming together. 4. What does the author think of the regeneration in Barking? A. It overlooked many places. B. It added much space to streets. C. It helped balance the ecosystem. D. It needed support from more businesses. 5. Why did the author’s team carry a map when asking people? A. To test people’s knowledge about the community. B. To ask people to improve the map design. C. To prevent the team from getting lost. D. To let people recognize unsafe places. 6. What did the author’s team do to get the first-round result? A. Throwing parties on streets. B. Holding more art exhibitions. C. Making the shops more popular. D. Transforming the unattractive places. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. Build our most beautiful streets. B. The street is a place to connect. C Happiness comes from safety. D. Put the environment first. C Recently the term “climate anxiety” has been used to better describe our growing concerns about climate change. While there is evidence that climate anxiety can be identified and reliably measured, what’s less clear is how it relates to mental illness. Mental health providers across the world are noting the presence of climate anxiety in their patients; however, the degree to which it is influencing mental illness is not yet clear, though evidence addressing this question is slowly growing. For years now, mental health clinicians have seen climate anxiety influencing presentations of mental illness in a variety of ways, some extreme. Recent studies are starting to look at links between climate anxiety and mental illness in larger samples to help better understand the directionality of their relationship. In a U.S. survey of more than 340 people published in 2018, climate concerns were associated with depressive symptoms (症状). Ecological coping, which includes pro-environmental behaviors such as reducing energy consumption, appeared to be protective against depression, indicating that climate concerns and the poor coping skills used to address them could be causing depressive symptoms. So who might be more at risk of mental illness secondary to the uncertainties around climate change? Unsurprisingly, climate anxiety appears higher in individuals with more concern about environmental issues at baseline and those already experiencing direct effects of climate change. Climatologists also face increased risk given their in-depth knowledge on the issue coupled with the upsetting task of trying to convey it to individuals and governments that often deny or downplay it. People with high levels of neuroticism, a personality trait that increases susceptibility to mental illness, are also likely to be at high risk. Some individuals report adaptive responses to climate anxiety like adopting pro-environmental behaviors and participating in collective action, while others are unable to respond behaviorally at all. It’s not yet clear how these varying reactions manifest (呈现) on a population level and how they’re influencing humanity’s response to climate change. However, a recent survey of nearly 200 people found that, while climate anxiety was associated with an emotional response to climate change, it was not correlated with a behavioral response. If this is true for humanity as a whole, we must urgently help motivate the anxious among us. Doing so successfully will require many approaches, such as delivering cognitive-behavioral therapy (认知行为疗法) to the most severely affected and demonstrating to entire populations that change is possible by better publicizing productive efforts by organizations to reduce their carbon footprints. We can’t let climate anxiety stop us from responding to climate change, because now, more than ever, we need action, not inaction. 8. What can be learned from the first two paragraphs? A. Mental illness may increase the risk of climate anxiety. B. Reducing energy consumption can help treat depression. C. Failure to handle climate anxiety may cause depressive symptoms. D. The influence of climate anxiety on mental illness can be measured. 9. The underlined phrase “secondary to” in Paragraph 3 probably means . A. as a result of B. less important than C. as serious as D. regardless of 10. Which of the following might be effective in helping the anxious overcome climate anxiety? A. Publicizing the latest research on climate anxiety. B. Funding studies into cognitive-behavioral therapies. C. Delivering speeches to anxious people on a regular basis. D. Informing the public of practical ways to live a greener life. 11. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To reveal consequences of climate anxiety. B. To show new findings about climate anxiety. C. To compare climate anxiety and mental illness. D. To demand care for those experiencing climate anxiety. D Vaccines(疫苗) may soon make their first film appearance. Led by expert Maria A. Croyle researchers have developed a thin sheet that preserves vaccines for long periods without refrigeration. This means the carefully cooled small bottles now used to ship vaccines could potentially be replaced by lightweight films that can be mailed in an envelope and stored on a shelf. Croyle’s laboratory began developing the technology in 2007. Inspired by amber’s ability to preserve the DNA of insects, the researchers set out to create their own version of the substance by mixing “a lot of sugar and a little bit of salt, much like hard candy,” Croyle explains. The vaccine-containing film is administered by mouth—sweet news for many who dislike needles. The film is tailored to suit each specific vaccine candidate and provide a protective coating. “We’ve learned over time that the key to really stabilizing whatever the film holds is to have it intermixed with all the components,” Croyle says, adding that the process is quick and uses affordable, standard equipment. “We really wanted to come up with something that would be transferable to developing countries.” Immunization(免疫) programs depend heavily on keeping vaccines cold(2℃-8℃) as they are transported, sometimes over thousands of kilometers to far-away locations. Delivery can be difficult and costly, and transport disruptions can cause the vaccines to be ineffective. But this new product can store live viruses, bacteria and antibodies for several months at 20℃. In a paper published in Science Advances, the scientists show that the live viruses in one vaccine were preserved in the film even after 36 months. They also find that a flu vaccine suspended in their film compares favourably with a traditional flu shot(流感预防针). “The study demonstrates early proof of concept for an exciting platform for vaccine product development,” says Lisa Rohan, a pharmacologist, who was not involved in the study. She also notes that each vaccine type would need a custom formulation(配方) for future stages of development. Finding partners to mass-produce for clinical trials is the researchers’ most pressing problem, Croyle says. They are also exploring packaging methods to keep their films stable up to 40℃. Size is a major advantage—a letter-sized sheet of the film can carry more than 500 doses(剂) of vaccine, about 1⁄900 the weight of the same amount of traditional doses. By making it easier and cheaper to ship and preserve vaccines efficiently, Croyle says, the technology could vastly improve immunization rates the world over, particularly in middle- to low- income countries. 12. What can we learn about the film? A. It contains animal’s DNA. B. It will replace vaccines. C. It comes in different flavours. D. It can hold bio-products. 13. According to Paragraph 3, we can learn about the film’s ________. A. key component B. development schedule C. possible advantages D. transportation requirements 14. The author mentions Lisa Rohan’s words to ________. A. advise personalizing vaccines B. suggest the product is promising C. prove the study is supported widely D. stress the functions of a new platform 15. What will be the next urgent task for Croyle’s team? A. Advertising the film worldwide. B. Improving the film’s capacity. C. Reducing the shipping cost. D. Seeking ideal manufacturers. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 This is something that all of us have noticed countless times in our daily lives. Whether you’re trying to read the fine print in a commercial or trying to make out a person’s face from a distance — it always helps to see better when you squint (眯起) your eyes. ____16____ There’s a common assumption that you’re adding much stress to your eyeballs by squeezing them to make them work better. ____17____ If you think for a while, you’ll find squinting is a different matter. If squinting meant making your eyes become stress balls, we’d all be in a lot of trouble. ____18____ When light hits an object, it bounces off its surface and enters our eyes. The light travels through the eye lens (晶状体). The lens then focuses the light rays, which fall on the retina (视网膜). A chemical present in the retina turns light into electric signals, which are then transmitted to the brain. The brain processes the signals and ultimately allows us to see stuff. The act of squinting, quite obviously, alters the shape of the space through which light passes, which helps us form a clear image on the retina. What’s more, light from different directions enters and is subsequently perceived by the eye. ____19____ However, when you’re trying to focus on something, if there’s light entering from multiple directions, the lens will be overloaded. By squinting, focusing light rays becomes more precise. Squinting does not damage your eyesight. ____20____ It’s one thing to occasionally squint in order to make out something far away. But if you find yourself doing it all the time, getting your eyes tested should be your focus. A. Actually that’s not exactly the case. B. Has it ever occurred to you why this happens? C. Squinting does two major things to improve our vision. D. However, doing it for long periods of time can lead to dry eyes. E. Normally, this is a great thing, as it feeds your situational awareness. F. A number of biological components actually constitute the human eye. G. Before revealing the secret behind it, let’s learn about how we see things. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 During the Nov. 11 shopping event, many people tend to buy more than they need because of sales and promotion or just a plain urge. But what normally ____21____ the shopping madness is not ____22____ but regret. That’s because many people just buy things to fill the emptiness in their hearts, but accumulating things actually ____23____ the burden in their minds. The concept of Danshari may provide a(n) ____24____ to the problem. Danshari is based on three Chinese characters, duan she li, ____25____ refusal, disposal and separation. It promotes the idea of removing ____26____ things and separating oneself from the drive to own ____27____ possessions. There are two basic rules that ____28____ whether you should keep something — the relationship between you and the item under ____29____ as well as the timing. So before you _____30_____ your payment password for something, ask yourself two questions: Do I need it now? Does it suit me? Danshari encourages you not only to _____31_____ things, but to give up the unreasonable desire associated with owning them. Nowadays, people need to learn to _____32_____ their daily lives. Buy only the necessities and suitable items, regularly _____33_____ things you don’t need any more, and then you’ll get freedom in your heart. However, it doesn’t mean that you should kill your desire and live a less interesting life. Instead, you should _____34_____ yourself rather than material goods. Through _____35_____ what to buy and what to throw away, you can see a deeper reflection of yourself, therefore learning to make wise decisions about more important things. 21. A. prevents B. promotes C. starts D. follows 22. A. satisfaction B. wealth C. relief D. expectation 23. A. measures B. covers C. relieves D. indicates 24. A. limit B. alternative C. solution D. introduction 25. A. abolishing B. meaning C. violating D. predicting 26. A. unnecessary B. temporary C. used D. updated 27. A. private B. valuable C. material D. popular 28. A. prove B. permit C. decide D. affect 29. A. guarantee B. control C. discussion D. consideration 30. A. change B. enter C. provide D. create 31. A. get over B. get along with C. get rid of D. get through 32. A. fix B. risk C. enrich D. simplify 33. A. discover B. recycle C. cherish D. abandon 34. A. reflect on B. focus on C. give up D. cheer up 35. A. choosing B. avoiding C. comparing D. mentioning 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to Chinese food, a large number of dishes are celebrated as specialties, due to cultural differences and eating preferences, a few of ___36___, however, are regarded as odd by foreigners who have never tried them before. Among the most typical examples___37___ (be) the century egg, or pidan in Chinese. The___38___ (character) appearance and intense smell of the century egg make it a beloved food in China with a history lasting centuries. Although___39___ (refer) to as the century egg in English, it ___40___ (basic) takes just a few days or up to about a month to make pidan. It is said that during the Ming Dynasty period, the owner of a tea house accidentally discovered that duck eggs covered in ash mixed with tea ___41___ (leaf) had a unique smell and fresh taste. Later, various other eggs started being made into century eggs, which continue to grow in popularity. In June 2024, KFC China even introduced a century egg pie, ___42___ (combine) traditional Chinese taste with modern fast food. As global food cultures gradually blend, an interest ___43___ traditional Chinese dishes is also growing. While some may never fully accept the century egg, ___44___ increasing number of adventurous eaters take it as a great pleasure ____45____ (explore) the rich variety of Chinese food. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，你交换生好友 Sophia准备参加“外国人讲中国寓言故事”比赛，她发来邮件请求你给予指导，请你回复邮件。内容包括： (1)答应帮助 (2)提出建议 (3)表达期待 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右; (2)请按如下格式作答。 参考词汇： 寓言 fable Dear Sophia, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 It was my first day of school. I loved school: the smell of chalk and colored crayons and having my own desk that was just my size. However, there was one big problem with school: Mildred. Daily when I walked the short distance home after school, Mildred would hit me and scare me. I was absolutely terrified of her. She had failed first grade and was a year older than me. Mildred didn’t have any friends, so she seemed to concentrate on making enemies. Because I was one of the smallest children in first grade, she had selected me as her number one enemy. As soon as the dismissal bell rang each day, my heart started to pound and I blinked fast so I wouldn’t cry. Pretty soon my mother figured out something was wrong at school. I didn’t want to tell her about Mildred. Mother continued to question me, and I finally sobbed out the whole story. I begged not to go to school and didn’t sleep much that night. The next morning she said, “Marion, I’m going to walk up the hill with you today. I believe we’ll see Mildred.” Mildred walked from way across down to school. She never bothered me on the way to school, only afterward. “Oh, mama, please don’t do that! Don’t say anything to Mildred. It will just make her mad. Let me stay home by myself. Please, mama.” “Hurry and get dressed, Marion.” Her voice was gentle, but quite firm. “Ple-e-ease, mama.” “Trust, Marion. I have a plan.” We bundled up against the bitter cold wind and stared out. Maybe we wouldn’t see Mildred, I hoped. But my mother had this confident look. I knew the look well, and I had a sinking feeling that we would see Mildred and that mother would use her “plan”. Just as we were turning around at a corner when we spotted Mildred. We waited a few moments as she approached us. “Hello, Mildred.” my mother said. 1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1: Mildred stopped, frozen as still as a statue. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Mildred chewed on her bottom lip and then nodded. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力ABCCB ACACA BACBA ABBCB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 大庆实验中学2022级高三上学期期中考试 英语学科试题 说明：1.请将答案填涂在答题卡的指定区域内。 2.满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a bookstore. B. In a school library. C. In a restaurant. 2. What’s the possible relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Mother and son. 3. Where is the woman’s husband now? A. In Washington. B. In London. C. In Paris. 4. What was the girl doing? A. Asking for directions. B. Looking for a girl. C. Waiting for someone. 5. How much does the woman need to pay? A.70 dollars. B.80 dollars. C.100 dollars. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why is the woman going to America? A. For business. B. To visit her parents. C. To look for another job. 7. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The man got married half a year ago. B. The man’s wife likes living in London very much. C. The man will probably give up his job for his wife. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What do we know about the man and Jim? A. They both like green best. B. They both like black best. C. Neither of them has a favorite color. 9. What color does the woman like best? A. Green. B. Black. C. Orange. 10. What does the man think of what the woman said? A. He thinks it is interesting. B. He thinks it is surprising. C. He thinks it is believable. 听第8段材料， 回答第11至13题。 11. How does the woman usually go to school? A. On foot. B. By bike. C. By bus. 12. Who is looking after Tom’s mother now? A. Tom. B. Tom’s father. C. Jenny. 13. What will the woman do tonight? A. Go to see Tom’s mother. B. Go to visit her sister. C. Go to study at Mr. Lee’s. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where did this conversation take place? A. In a shop. B. In a school. C. In a police station. 15. Where did the accident happen when the boy was riding to school? A. A short distance ahead of him. B. A short distance behind him. C In the boy’s village. 16. What did the boy immediately do when he saw the accident? A. Gave first aid to the car driver. B. Shouted for help. C. Rode home to call the police. 17. What will the boy do after school? A. Go to the hospital to see the drivers. B. Stay at school to study. C. Go home to have a good rest. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Until when can American students enjoy free education? A. Until 16 years old. B. Until 18 years old. C. Until 20 years old. 19. What makes progress in high school slow? A. That most subjects are difficult. B. That there is too little time for study every day. C. That students of all levels study in the same class. 20. Where do children go if they want to eventually get accepted into a university? A. High schools in central cities. B. Suburb high schools. C. High schools opened by universities. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Interlibrary Loan is the service that the Osterhout Free Library offers for free to our patrons (顾客). You can use Interlibrary Loan to borrow an item (books, DVDs, music CDs, etc.) from within the continental 48 states if it is unavailable in the Luzerne County Library System. How to request an Interlibrary Loan item ◆To request an Interlibrary Loan item, you must either call the Osterhout Free Library, or come to our Information Services Desk. ◆You must know exactly what item(s) you would like. We do not accept requests for general topics — for instance, “I would like books on antique cars.” ◆Be sure to check the Luzerne County Library System’s catalogue before asking Interlibrary Loan for an item. Interlibrary Loan Processing ◆When a patron requests Interlibrary Loan items, they are allowed to request more than one item, but there is a maximum of 5 requests in the system per patron. ◆When the item comes in, the patron will be contacted via phone to ask him/ her to pick it up. If the item is not able to be obtained, the patron will be notified via e-mail. ◆If you wish to renew your Interlibrary Loan item, you must call us at least one week before the due date. And we will not request the same item for a patron more than 3 times. Interlibrary Loan Penalties(处罚) ◆Interlibrary Loan overdue fees are $0.50/ day per item. ◆The following actions will result in an additional $3.00 per item fine: ·Returning an Interlibrary Loan item to any library other than the Osterhout Free Library. ·Returning an Interlibrary Loan item without the paperwork with the due date. 1. What is a must when you borrow a book from Interlibrary Loan? A. Renewing the book 3 days in advance. B. Giving priority to Interlibrary Loan. C. Specifying your desired book. D. Visiting the Osterhout Free Library. 2. What’s a privilege for patrons of the Osterhout Free Library? A. Having a free delivery service. B. Being reminded of an unavailable item by e-mail. C. Being given unlimited renewal of an item. D. Borrowing at least 5 items at a time. 3. How much fine will you pay for just an item’s delayed return for a fortnight? A. $7. B. $6.5. C. $4. D. $3.5. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Osterhout Free Library为顾客提供的一项馆际借阅服务。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据How to request an Interlibrary Loan item部分中“You must know exactly what item(s) you would like.(你必须确切地知道你想要什么东西)”可知，你需要明确自己想要借阅的书籍。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Interlibrary Loan Processing部分中“◆When the item comes in, the patron will be contacted via phone to ask him/ her to pick it up. If the item is not able to be obtained, the patron will be notified via e-mail.(◆当物品进来时，将通过电话联系顾客，让他/她取走。如果无法获得物品，将通过电子邮件通知顾客)”可知，如果图书馆工作人员没有找到你需要的物品，会通过电子邮件通知你。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Interlibrary Loan Penalties部分“◆Interlibrary Loan overdue fees are $0.50/ day per item.(◆馆际互借逾期费用为每件0.50美元/天)”可知，如果你逾期14天没有将所借的物品归还，则需缴纳0.5*14=7美元的罚款。故选A。 B Community can’t happen if there’s no space for relationships to build. Not everyone feels comfortable in their community centre. And, actually, the street can provide all this. Because when traffic is calmed and there’s space for people to connect, for children to play and for older people to sit down, then the street can become this mini ecosystem where the community can thrive, as well as local economies and shops. There’s so much regeneration in Barking but that’s happening to newly-build areas, not the spaces in between that get forgotten and left behind. A report before found 50 percent of people in Barking didn’t feel safe in the town centre after dark - so we started a project to deal with that. We started by going into the street with a map and asking people where they didn’t feel safe. People knew immediately - they would say: “I don’t feel safe in this alleyway (小巷) or that cash point.” Then, we brought people together and asked: “If you were hosting a birthday party for your best friend in this alleyway and you had £50 to spend, how would you use the shops here to do that?” It inspired such good ideas. People decorated the space in their own creative ways. We did the first round of experiments and found about 60 percent of people felt safer as a result. Then we were able to get some funding and let an artist and an architect create some bigger artwork in those areas. Streets are places that we have to share, and people have different ways they want to travel around. It’s all about making sure that everyone is involved in the conversation. We try to put people and community at the heart of a place, which I think is key to a sense of belonging. Nowadays, people have started to see their community as not just their sports groups or colleagues but the people that live near them. The street is that unit for coming together. 4. What does the author think of the regeneration in Barking? A. It overlooked many places. B. It added much space to streets. C. It helped balance the ecosystem. D. It needed support from more businesses. 5. Why did the author’s team carry a map when asking people? A. To test people’s knowledge about the community. B. To ask people to improve the map design. C. To prevent the team from getting lost. D. To let people recognize unsafe places. 6. What did the author’s team do to get the first-round result? A. Throwing parties on streets. B. Holding more art exhibitions. C. Making the shops more popular. D. Transforming the unattractive places. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. Build our most beautiful streets. B. The street is a place to connect. C. Happiness comes from safety. D. Put the environment first. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是将人们聚集在一起并给人们带来归属感的地方——街道。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“There’s so much regeneration in Barking but that’s happening to newly-build areas, not the spaces in between that get forgotten and left behind. (Barking有这么多的重建，但这发生在新建的地区，而不是被遗忘和遗弃的中间空间。)”可知作者认为Barking的重建只是出现在一些新建的地方，而在一些被遗忘和遗弃的中间空间并没有这么多的重建，所以在作者看来Barking的重建忽略了许多地方，故选A项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“We started by going into the street with a map and asking people where they didn’t feel safe. People knew immediately - they would say: “I don’t feel safe in this alleyway (小巷) or that cash point.” (我们拿着地图走到街上，询问人们哪里不安全。人们马上就知道了——他们会说：“我觉得在这条小巷或那个提款机不安全。”)”可知作者的团队拿着地图询问人们是为了让人们能够更好地辨认那些不安全的地方，故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Then we were able to get some funding and let an artist and an architect create some bigger artwork in those areas. (后来，我们得到了一些资金，让一位艺术家和一位建筑师在这些地区创作了一些更大的艺术品。)”可知作者的团队通过改变那些没有吸引力的地方来获得了第一轮资料，故选D项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段“Not everyone feels comfortable in their community centre. And, actually, the street can provide all this. (不是每个人在他们的社区中心都感到舒适。实际上，街道可以提供这一切。)”提出话题——街道可以提供空间让人们取得联系，让人们感到舒适和安全，文章第二、三、四及五段主要讲述的是作者的团队为改变那些让人们没有安全感的地方而做出的努力以及这种改变所带来的积极影响，文章最后一段“Streets are places that we have to share, (街道是我们必须共享的地方，)”以及“The street is that unit for coming together. (街道是聚集在一起的单位。)”对前文内容进行总结，重申第一段的话题，纵观全文，可知文章主要围绕着把人们联系在一起的街道来展开，所以B项The street is a place to connect. (街道是一个建立良好关系的地方。)作为文章标题最为合适，故选B项。 C Recently the term “climate anxiety” has been used to better describe our growing concerns about climate change. While there is evidence that climate anxiety can be identified and reliably measured, what’s less clear is how it relates to mental illness. Mental health providers across the world are noting the presence of climate anxiety in their patients; however, the degree to which it is influencing mental illness is not yet clear, though evidence addressing this question is slowly growing. For years now, mental health clinicians have seen climate anxiety influencing presentations of mental illness in a variety of ways, some extreme. Recent studies are starting to look at links between climate anxiety and mental illness in larger samples to help better understand the directionality of their relationship. In a U.S. survey of more than 340 people published in 2018, climate concerns were associated with depressive symptoms (症状). Ecological coping, which includes pro-environmental behaviors such as reducing energy consumption, appeared to be protective against depression, indicating that climate concerns and the poor coping skills used to address them could be causing depressive symptoms. So who might be more at risk of mental illness secondary to the uncertainties around climate change? Unsurprisingly, climate anxiety appears higher in individuals with more concern about environmental issues at baseline and those already experiencing direct effects of climate change. Climatologists also face increased risk given their in-depth knowledge on the issue coupled with the upsetting task of trying to convey it to individuals and governments that often deny or downplay it. People with high levels of neuroticism, a personality trait that increases susceptibility to mental illness, are also likely to be at high risk. Some individuals report adaptive responses to climate anxiety like adopting pro-environmental behaviors and participating in collective action, while others are unable to respond behaviorally at all. It’s not yet clear how these varying reactions manifest (呈现) on a population level and how they’re influencing humanity’s response to climate change. However, a recent survey of nearly 200 people found that, while climate anxiety was associated with an emotional response to climate change, it was not correlated with a behavioral response. If this is true for humanity as a whole, we must urgently help motivate the anxious among us. Doing so successfully will require many approaches, such as delivering cognitive-behavioral therapy (认知行为疗法) to the most severely affected and demonstrating to entire populations that change is possible by better publicizing productive efforts by organizations to reduce their carbon footprints. We can’t let climate anxiety stop us from responding to climate change, because now, more than ever, we need action, not inaction. 8. What can be learned from the first two paragraphs? A. Mental illness may increase the risk of climate anxiety. B. Reducing energy consumption can help treat depression. C. Failure to handle climate anxiety may cause depressive symptoms. D. The influence of climate anxiety on mental illness can be measured. 9. The underlined phrase “secondary to” in Paragraph 3 probably means . A as a result of B. less important than C. as serious as D. regardless of 10. Which of the following might be effective in helping the anxious overcome climate anxiety? A. Publicizing the latest research on climate anxiety. B. Funding studies into cognitive-behavioral therapies. C. Delivering speeches to anxious people on a regular basis. D. Informing the public of practical ways to live a greener life. 11. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To reveal consequences of climate anxiety. B. To show new findings about climate anxiety. C. To compare climate anxiety and mental illness. D. To demand care for those experiencing climate anxiety. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个新的研究发现，未能处理气候焦虑可能导致抑郁症状，并呼吁我们关心那些经历气候焦虑的人。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“In a U.S. survey of more than 340 people published in 2018, climate concerns were associated with depressive symptoms (症状). Ecological coping, which includes pro-environmental behaviors such as reducing energy consumption, appeared to be protective against depression, indicating that climate concerns and the poor coping skills used to address them could be causing depressive symptoms.”（在美国2018年公布的一项针对340多人的调查中，对气候的担忧与抑郁症状有关。生态应对，包括减少能源消耗等有利于环境的行为，似乎对抑郁症有保护作用，这表明气候担忧和处理这些问题的不当方法可能导致抑郁症。）可知，对气候的担忧与抑郁症状有关，气候担忧和处理这些问题的不当方法可能导致抑郁症。由此可知，通过前两段的内容我们可以得知，未能处理气候焦虑可能导致抑郁症状。故选C项。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。上文介绍了未能处理气候焦虑可能导致抑郁症状，根据第三段关键句“Unsurprisingly, climate anxiety appears higher in individuals with more concern about environmental issues at baseline and those already experiencing direct effects of climate change.”（毋庸置疑，在基准状态下对环境问题更为关注的人和那些已经经历了气候变化直接影响的人中，气候焦虑似乎出现的比例更高。）可知，后文介绍的是由于气候变化，哪些人更容易患上气候焦虑。由此可知，画线短语所在句提出的问题是“由于气候变化的不确定性，谁更容易患上精神疾病呢？”“as a result of”意为“由于”，符合句意，能够表示画线短语的意思。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句“If this is true for humanity as a whole, we must urgently help motivate the anxious among us. Doing so successfully will require many approaches, such as delivering cognitive-behavioral therapy (认知行为疗法) to the most severely affected and demonstrating to entire populations that change is possible by better publicizing productive efforts by organizations to reduce their carbon footprints.”（如果这对整个人类来说是真的，我们必须紧急地帮助激励我们中间焦虑的人。成功地做到这一点需要许多方法，例如向受影响最严重的人提供认知行为疗法，并向全体民众表明，通过各组织更好地宣传为减少碳足迹所作的富有成效的努力，改变是可能的。）可知，要想帮助我们中间气候焦虑的人，可以通过向全体民众宣传减少碳足迹的方式，改变是可能的。由此可知，可能有效帮助焦虑者克服气候焦虑的方法是让公众知道如何过上更环保的生活。故选D项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了一个新的研究发现，未能处理气候焦虑可能导致抑郁症状。根据最后一段关键句“If this is true for humanity as a whole, we must urgently help motivate the anxious among us.”（如果这对整个人类来说是真的，我们必须紧急地帮助激励我们中间焦虑的人。）可知，作者在文章中呼吁人们必须紧急地帮助我们中间有气候焦虑的人。由此可知，这篇文章的目的是呼吁我们关心那些经历气候焦虑的人。故选D项。 D Vaccines(疫苗) may soon make their first film appearance. Led by expert Maria A. Croyle, researchers have developed a thin sheet that preserves vaccines for long periods without refrigeration. This means the carefully cooled small bottles now used to ship vaccines could potentially be replaced by lightweight films that can be mailed in an envelope and stored on a shelf. Croyle’s laboratory began developing the technology in 2007. Inspired by amber’s ability to preserve the DNA of insects, the researchers set out to create their own version of the substance by mixing “a lot of sugar and a little bit of salt, much like hard candy,” Croyle explains. The vaccine-containing film is administered by mouth—sweet news for many who dislike needles. The film is tailored to suit each specific vaccine candidate and provide a protective coating. “We’ve learned over time that the key to really stabilizing whatever the film holds is to have it intermixed with all the components,” Croyle says, adding that the process is quick and uses affordable, standard equipment. “We really wanted to come up with something that would be transferable to developing countries.” Immunization(免疫) programs depend heavily on keeping vaccines cold(2℃-8℃) as they are transported, sometimes over thousands of kilometers to far-away locations. Delivery can be difficult and costly, and transport disruptions can cause the vaccines to be ineffective. But this new product can store live viruses, bacteria and antibodies for several months at 20℃. In a paper published in Science Advances, the scientists show that the live viruses in one vaccine were preserved in the film even after 36 months. They also find that a flu vaccine suspended in their film compares favourably with a traditional flu shot(流感预防针). “The study demonstrates early proof of concept for an exciting platform for vaccine product development,” says Lisa Rohan, a pharmacologist, who was not involved in the study. She also notes that each vaccine type would need a custom formulation(配方) for future stages of development. Finding partners to mass-produce for clinical trials is the researchers’ most pressing problem, Croyle says. They are also exploring packaging methods to keep their films stable up to 40℃. Size is a major advantage—a letter-sized sheet of the film can carry more than 500 doses(剂) of vaccine, about 1⁄900 the weight of the same amount of traditional doses. By making it easier and cheaper to ship and preserve vaccines efficiently, Croyle says, the technology could vastly improve immunization rates the world over, particularly in middle- to low- income countries. 12. What can we learn about the film? A. It contains animal’s DNA. B. It will replace vaccines. C. It comes in different flavours. D. It can hold bio-products. 13. According to Paragraph 3, we can learn about the film’s ________. A. key component B. development schedule C. possible advantages D. transportation requirements 14. The author mentions Lisa Rohan’s words to ________. A. advise personalizing vaccines B. suggest the product is promising C. prove the study is supported widely D. stress the functions of a new platform 15. What will be the next urgent task for Croyle’s team? A. Advertising the film worldwide. B. Improving the film’s capacity. C. Reducing the shipping cost. D. Seeking ideal manufacturers. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科研团队研发出了一种可以长时间保存疫苗而无需冷藏的薄片，描述了它的功能和潜在价值。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Led by expert Maria A. Croyle, researchers have developed a thin sheet that preserves vaccines for long periods without refrigeration.”（在专家Maria A . Croyle的带领下，研究人员开发出了一种可以长时间保存疫苗而无需冷藏的薄片。）可知，这种薄膜可以装生物制品。故选D项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The film is tailored to suit each specific vaccine candidate and provide a protective coating.”（该薄膜是量身定制的，以适合每种特定的候选疫苗，提供一种保护涂层。）“the key to really stabilizing whatever the film holds is to have it intermixed with all the components”（真正使这种薄膜无论容纳什么都稳定的关键是将其与所有成分混合）以及“the process is quick and uses affordable, standard equipment.”（这一过程是快速的，使用了负担得起的标准设备。）可推断，第三段主要讲了薄膜的可能的优势。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“‘The study demonstrates early proof of concept for an exciting platform for vaccine product development,’says Lisa Rohan(丽莎罗翰说：“这项研究为一个令人兴奋的疫苗产品开发平台提供了早期的概念证明”)”可推断，作者引用Lisa Rohan的话来暗示这个产品很有前途。故选B项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Finding partners to mass-produce for clinical trials is the researchers’ most pressing problem, Croyle says.”（克罗伊尔说，寻找大规模生产用于临床试验的合作伙伴是研究人员最紧迫的问题。）可知，克罗伊团队的下一个紧急任务是寻求理想的制造商。故选D项。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 This is something that all of us have noticed countless times in our daily lives Whether you’re trying to read the fine print in a commercial or trying to make out a person’s face from a distance — it always helps to see better when you squint (眯起) your eyes. ____16____ There’s a common assumption that you’re adding much stress to your eyeballs by squeezing them to make them work better. ____17____ If you think for a while, you’ll find squinting is a different matter. If squinting meant making your eyes become stress balls, we’d all be in a lot of trouble. ____18____ When light hits an object, it bounces off its surface and enters our eyes. The light travels through the eye lens (晶状体). The lens then focuses the light rays, which fall on the retina (视网膜). A chemical present in the retina turns light into electric signals, which are then transmitted to the brain. The brain processes the signals and ultimately allows us to see stuff. The act of squinting, quite obviously, alters the shape of the space through which light passes, which helps us form a clear image on the retina. What’s more, light from different directions enters and is subsequently perceived by the eye. ____19____ However, when you’re trying to focus on something, if there’s light entering from multiple directions, the lens will be overloaded. By squinting, focusing light rays becomes more precise. Squinting does not damage your eyesight. ____20____ It’s one thing to occasionally squint in order to make out something far away. But if you find yourself doing it all the time, getting your eyes tested should be your focus. A. Actually, that’s not exactly the case. B. Has it ever occurred to you why this happens? C. Squinting does two major things to improve our vision. D. However, doing it for long periods of time can lead to dry eyes. E. Normally, this is a great thing, as it feeds your situational awareness. F. A number of biological components actually constitute the human eye. G. Before revealing the secret behind it, let’s learn about how we see things. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文解释了为什么眯眼可以帮助我们看得更清楚，并澄清了眯眼不会损害视力的误解。 【16题详解】 根据上文“This is something that all of us have noticed countless times in our daily lives. Whether you’re trying to read the fine print in a commercial or trying to make out a person’s face from a distance — it always helps to see better when you squint (眯起) your eyes. (这是我们所有人在日常生活中无数次注意到的事情。无论你是想阅读商业广告上的小字，还是想从远处辨认一个人的脸——眯着眼睛总是有助于看得更清楚。)”可知，上文引出眯眼可以帮助我们看得更清楚这一话题，由下文“There’s a common assumption that you’re adding much stress to your eyeballs by squeezing them to make them work better. (有一种普遍的假设是，你挤压眼球是为了让它们更好地工作，从而给眼球增加了很大的压力。)”可知，下文解释了为什么眯眼可以帮助我们看得更清楚，故本空应提问为什么眯眼可以帮助我们看得更清楚，B选项“Has it ever occurred to you why this happens? (你有没有想过为什么会这样？)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据上文“There’s a common assumption that you’re adding much stress to your eyeballs by squeezing them to make them work better. (有一种普遍的假设是，你挤压眼球是为了让它们更好地工作，从而给眼球增加了很大的压力。)”和下文“If you think for a while, you’ll find squinting is a different matter. If squinting meant making your eyes become stress balls, we’d all be in a lot of trouble. (如果你仔细想想，你会发现眯眼是另一回事。如果眯着眼睛意味着让你的眼睛变成压力球，那我们就有大麻烦了。)”可知，本空应是对上文认知的怀疑，故选项A“Actually, that’s not exactly the case. (实际上，情况并非如此。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据下文“When light hits an object, it bounces off its surface and enters our eyes. (当光线照射到物体上时，它会从物体表面反弹，进入我们的眼睛。)”可知，下文解释了人眼看见东西的原理，本空应引出这一原理，G选项“Before revealing the secret behind it, let’s learn about how we see things. (在揭示其背后的秘密之前，让我们了解一下我们是如何看东西的。)”能引出下文，符合语境。故选G。 【19题详解】 根据上文“What’s more, light from different directions enters and is subsequently perceived by the eye. (更重要的是，来自不同方向的光进入并随后被眼睛感知。)”可知，本空应谈论光被眼睛感知的结果，E选项“Normally, this is a great thing, as it feeds your situational awareness. (通常，这是件好事，因为它增强了你的情境意识。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Squinting does not damage your eyesight. (眯眼不会损害你的视力。)”和后文“But if you find yourself doing it all the time, getting your eyes tested should be your focus. (偶尔眯着眼看清远处的东西是一回事。但如果你发现自己总是这样做，那么检查你的眼睛应该是你的重点。)”可知，上文说眯眼不会损害你的视力，下文又说检查你的眼睛，上下文存在转折关系，D选项“However, doing it for long periods of time can lead to dry eyes. (然而，长时间这样做会导致眼睛干涩。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 During the Nov. 11 shopping event, many people tend to buy more than they need because of sales and promotion or just a plain urge. But what normally ____21____ the shopping madness is not ____22____ but regret. That’s because many people just buy things to fill the emptiness in their hearts, but accumulating things actually ____23____ the burden in their minds. The concept of Danshari may provide a(n) ____24____ to the problem. Danshari is based on three Chinese characters, duan she li, ____25____ refusal, disposal and separation. It promotes the idea of removing ____26____ things and separating oneself from the drive to own ____27____ possessions. There are two basic rules that ____28____ whether you should keep something — the relationship between you and the item under ____29____ as well as the timing. So before you _____30_____ your payment password for something, ask yourself two questions: Do I need it now? Does it suit me? Danshari encourages you not only to _____31_____ things, but to give up the unreasonable desire associated with owning them. Nowadays, people need to learn to _____32_____ their daily lives. Buy only the necessities and suitable items, regularly _____33_____ things you don’t need any more, and then you’ll get freedom in your heart. However, it doesn’t mean that you should kill your desire and live a less interesting life. Instead, you should _____34_____ yourself rather than material goods. Through _____35_____ what to buy and what to throw away, you can see a deeper reflection of yourself, therefore learning to make wise decisions about more important things. 21. A. prevents B. promotes C. starts D. follows 22. A. satisfaction B. wealth C. relief D. expectation 23. A. measures B. covers C. relieves D. indicates 24. A. limit B. alternative C. solution D. introduction 25. A. abolishing B. meaning C. violating D. predicting 26. A. unnecessary B. temporary C. used D. updated 27. A. private B. valuable C. material D. popular 28. A. prove B. permit C. decide D. affect 29. A. guarantee B. control C. discussion D. consideration 30. A. change B. enter C. provide D. create 31. A. get over B. get along with C. get rid of D. get through 32. A. fix B. risk C. enrich D. simplify 33. A. discover B. recycle C. cherish D. abandon 34. A. reflect on B. focus on C. give up D. cheer up 35. A. choosing B. avoiding C. comparing D. mentioning 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“断舍离”的含义，在购物东西的时候要问自己是否需要，是否适合自己，只买自己需要和适合自己的东西。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但疯狂购物之后通常会出现的不是满足，而是后悔。 A. prevents阻止；B. promotes促进；提倡；升职；促销；C. starts开始；启动；发动；D. follows跟随；追逐；从事。根据上文“During the Nov. 11 shopping event, many people tend to buy more than they need because of sales and promotion or just a plain urge.”以及空后“the shopping madness is not ____2____ but regret.”可知，此处指的是在双十一疯狂购物之后接下来的就是后悔，故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但疯狂购物之后通常会出现的不是满足，而是后悔。A. satisfaction满意；满足；B. wealth财富；大量；C. relief宽慰；缓解；救济品；D. expectation期望；盼望。根据空前“But what normally ____1____ the shopping madness is not”以及空后的“but regret.”可知此处指的是指双十一疯狂购物之后紧接着是后悔，而不是满足，故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是因为很多人买东西只是为了填补他们内心的空虚，而积累东西实际上表明了他们内心的负担。A. measures测量；B. covers覆盖；包含；涉及；C. relieves减轻；D. indicates表明；暗示；象征。根据空后“the burden in their minds”可知此处指的是疯狂的购买表明了人们内心的负担，故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“断舍离”这个概念可能给这个问题提供了一个解决方案。A. limit局限性；限制；B. alternative选择；替代物；C. solution解决办法；解答；D. introduction介绍；引见。根据空后“to the problem”可知此处指“断舍离”是解决问题的办法。a solution to the problem意为“问题的解决方法”，故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：断舍离是由三个汉字组成的，意思是拒绝、处置和分离。A. abolishing废除；取消；B. meaning意味着；打算；C. violating违背；D. predicting预测；预报。根据空后“refusal, disposal and separation.”可知此处是对“断舍离”进行解释，所以meaning“意味着”符合语境，故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它提倡去除不必要的东西，并将自己从拥有物质财富的驱动力中分离出来。A. unnecessary不必要的；B. temporary暂时的；C. used用过的；习惯于；D. updated更新的；现代化的。根据空前“It promotes the idea of removing”可知此处指的“断舍离”的意思是除去不必要的东西，故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它提倡去除不必要的东西，并将自己从拥有物质财富的驱动力中分离出来。A. private私有的；秘密的；私下里的；B. valuable有价值的；珍贵的；C. material物质的；D. popular受欢迎的；普遍的；通俗的。根据空后的“possessions”可知此处指的是物质财富，故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：决定你是否应该保留某样东西有两个基本原则——你和你所考虑的东西之间的关系以及时机。A. prove证明；B. permit允许；批准；C. decide决定；使下决心；D. affect影响。根据空后“whether you should keep something — the relationship between you and the item under ____9____ as well as the timing. So before you ____10____ your payment password for something, ask yourself two questions: Do I need it now? Does it suit me?”可知此处指的是你和你所考虑的东西之间的关系以及时机是决定某样东西是否应该保留下来的因素，故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：决定你是否应该保留某样东西有两个基本原则——你和你所考虑的东西之间的关系以及时机。A. guarantee保证；保质期；B. control控制；管理；C. discussion讨论；D. consideration考虑。根据空前“the item under”可知此处表示你所考虑的去留的东西，under consideration“在考虑中”，故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以在你输入支付密码之前，问自己两个问题：我现在需要它吗？它适合我吗？A. change变化；改变；更换；B. enter输入；进入；报名参加；C. provide提供；D. create创造。根据空后的“our payment password for something”可知此处指的是输入支付密码，故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“断舍离”鼓励你不仅要摆脱东西，还要放弃与拥有它们相关的不合理欲望。A. get over克服；恢复；B. get along with与某人相处；C. get rid of舍弃；除去；D. get through完成；熬过。根据上文“refusal, disposal and separation. It promotes the idea of removing ____6____ things”可知此处指的是“断舍离”鼓励我们摆脱某种东西，故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，人们需要学会简化他们的日常生活。A. fix修理；安排；处理；B. risk冒险；C. enrich使富裕；使富有；D. simplify简化。根据后文“their daily lives. Buy only the necessities and suitable items, regularly ____13____ things you don’t need any more,”可知此处指的是人们要指购买必须的东西，丢掉那些不必要的东西，即简化生活，故选 D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：只买必需品和合适的东西，经常扔掉不再需要的东西，你就会得到内心的自由。A. discover发现；B. recycle回收利用；循环利用；C. cherish珍惜；D. abandon放弃；遗弃。根据前文“Danshari encourages you not only to ____11____ things,”以及空后“things you don’t need any more”以及后文“what to throw away,”可知简化生活就是要丢掉不再需要的东西，故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：相反，你应该关注自己，而不是物质财富。A. reflect on反思；反省；B. focus on专注于；集中于；C. give up 放弃；D. cheer up使高兴起来。根据空前“However, it doesn’t mean that you should kill your desire and live a less interesting life. Instead, you should”可知此处指的是关注自己，故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过选择买什么和扔掉什么，你可以更深入地了解自己，从而学会在更重要的事情上做出明智的决定。A. choosing选择；B. avoiding避免；防止；C. comparing比较；对照；D. mentioning提到；提及。根据空后“what to buy and what to throw away”可知此处指的是在买什么和扔掉什么方面作选择，故选A项。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to Chinese food, a large number of dishes are celebrated as specialties, due to cultural differences and eating preferences, a few of ___36___, however, are regarded as odd by foreigners who have never tried them before. Among the most typical examples___37___ (be) the century egg, or pidan in Chinese. The___38___ (character) appearance and intense smell of the century egg make it a beloved food in China with a history lasting centuries. Although___39___ (refer) to as the century egg in English, it ___40___ (basic) takes just a few days or up to about a month to make pidan. It is said that during the Ming Dynasty period, the owner of a tea house accidentally discovered that duck eggs covered in ash mixed with tea ___41___ (leaf) had a unique smell and fresh taste. Later, various other eggs started being made into century eggs, which continue to grow in popularity. In June 2024, KFC China even introduced a century egg pie, ___42___ (combine) traditional Chinese taste with modern fast food. As global food cultures gradually blend, an interest ___43___ traditional Chinese dishes is also growing. While some may never fully accept the century egg, ___44___ increasing number of adventurous eaters take it as a great pleasure ____45____ (explore) the rich variety of Chinese food. 【答案】36. which 37. is 38. characteristic 39. referred 40. basically 41. leaves 42. combining 43. in 44. an 45. to explore 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍中国的特色菜肴皮蛋的历史，发展和受欢迎程度。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：说到中国菜，由于文化差异和饮食偏好，很多菜都被誉为特色菜，然而，有些菜在从未尝过的外国人看来很奇怪。设空处引导定语从句，关系词指代先行词Chinese food，在从句中作介词of的宾语，故填which。 【37题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：其中最典型的例子就是皮蛋。设空处为谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，本句为倒装句，主语the century egg, or pidan，谓语用第三人称单数，故填is。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：皮蛋独特的外观和浓郁的气味使其成为中国历史悠久的美食。设空处修饰名词appearance作定语，应用形容词，故填characteristic。 【39题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：虽然在英语中被称为皮蛋，但制作皮蛋基本上只需要几天或一个月的时间。设空处为非谓语动词，和主语之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填referred。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：同上。设空处修饰动词takes，应用副词作状语，故填basically。 41题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：据说，在明朝时期，一家茶馆的老板偶然发现，覆盖着灰烬和茶叶的鸭蛋有一种独特的气味和新鲜的味道。茶叶tea leaf，可数名词，根据句意可知应用复数形式，故填leaves。 【42题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：2024年6月，肯德基中国甚至推出了一款皮蛋派，将中国传统口味与现代快餐相结合。本句已有谓语introduced，设空处为非谓语，和逻辑主语a century egg pie之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故填combining。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意： 随着全球饮食文化的逐渐融合，人们对中国传统菜肴的兴趣也在增长。设空处为介词，和interest搭配，用in，故填in。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：虽然有些人可能永远不会完全接受皮蛋，但越来越多的爱冒险的食客把探索丰富多样的中国食物作为一种巨大的乐趣。短语a number of，译为“许多，大量”，符合句意，number前有increasing修饰并且发音以辅音音素开头，故填an。 【45题详解】 考查不定式。句意：同上。设空处修饰名词pleasure作定语，表将要，用不定式，故填to explore。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，你的交换生好友 Sophia准备参加“外国人讲中国寓言故事”比赛，她发来邮件请求你给予指导，请你回复邮件。内容包括： (1)答应帮助 (2)提出建议 (3)表达期待 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右; (2)请按如下格式作答。 参考词汇： 寓言 fable Dear Sophia, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sophia, Hearing you’re entering the “Foreigners Tell Chinese Fables” competition, I’m glad and ready to help you prepare for it. Here are a few suggestions that might enhance your storytelling. First, You’d better try to choose a fable that reflects your experiences or values, which will make your delivery more authentic and engaging. Additionally, use expressive body language and varied tones whenever possible to bring the emotions in your story to life. Let me know when you’d like me to practice with you. I’m eagerly looking forward to seeing you shine in the competition. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给准备参加“外国人讲中国寓言故事”比赛的交换生好友Sophia写一封邮件同时给予她一些指导。 【详解】1.词汇积累 吸引人的：engaging→attractive 提高：enhance→promote 除此之外：additionally→in addition 为……作准备：prepare for→make preparations for 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m eagerly looking forward to seeing you shine in the competition 拓展句：What I’m eagerly looking forward to seeing is that you will shine in the competition. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First, You’d better try to choose a fable that reflects your experiences or values, which will make your delivery more authentic and engaging. (运用了that引导的定语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Let me know when you’d like me to practice with you.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 It was my first day of school. I loved school: the smell of chalk and colored crayons and having my own desk that was just my size. However, there was one big problem with school: Mildred. Daily when I walked the short distance home after school, Mildred would hit me and scare me. I was absolutely terrified of her. She had failed first grade and was a year older than me. Mildred didn’t have any friends, so she seemed to concentrate on making enemies. Because I was one of the smallest children in first grade, she had selected me as her number one enemy. As soon as the dismissal bell rang each day, my heart started to pound and I blinked fast so I wouldn’t cry. Pretty soon my mother figured out something was wrong at school. I didn’t want to tell her about Mildred. Mother continued to question me, and I finally sobbed out the whole story. I begged not to go to school and didn’t sleep much that night. The next morning she said, “Marion, I’m going to walk up the hill with you today. I believe we’ll see Mildred.” Mildred walked from way across down to school. She never bothered me on the way to school, only afterward. “Oh, mama, please don’t do that! Don’t say anything to Mildred. It will just make her mad. Let me stay home by myself. Please, mama.” “Hurry and get dressed, Marion.” Her voice was gentle, but quite firm. “Ple-e-ease, mama.” “Trust, Marion. I have a plan.” We bundled up against the bitter cold wind and stared out. Maybe we wouldn’t see Mildred, I hoped. But my mother had this confident look. I knew the look well, and I had a sinking feeling that we would see Mildred and that mother would use her “plan”. Just as we were turning around at a corner when we spotted Mildred. We waited a few moments as she approached us. “Hello, Mildred.” my mother said. 1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1: Mildred stopped, frozen as still as a statue. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Mildred chewed on her bottom lip and then nodded. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: Mildred stopped, frozen as still as a statue. Her hands and face were bright red and the oversized coat hung open with only two buttons. Mother stooped down, rapidly buttoning her coat. “I'm Marion's mother. I need your help, Mildred.” Mildred looked intently at my mother. “Marion doesn't have any sisters. She sort of needs a special friend at school. Would you be her friend?” Paragraph 2: Mildred chewed on her bottom lip and then nodded. “Oh, thank you! I just know you are someone I can depend on.” Then she hugged Mildred long and hard. I found Mildred smiling! I'd never seen her smile before. We walked up the hill each day after school together, and pretty soon we were talking, laughing and sharing secrets. I started calling her “Mil”, and then others did too, even Miss Edna. She always sat with me at lunch. My mother usually included something in my lunch especially for Mil-even notes of gratitude. Mildred smiled a lot now. She was getting good grades too, and didn't stuff her papers inside her desk anymore. I knew my mother’s plan had worked and I’ve learned that the plan works in all kinds of impossible situations: "Love is patient and love never fails.” 【解析】 【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的同学米尔德丽德是个问题小孩总是欺负作者，导致自己不爱上学，后来妈妈知道后，带着作者一起去找米尔德丽德实施计划，请她和作者做朋友，自此之后，米尔德丽德和作者相处愉快成绩也提高的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“米尔德丽德停了下来，像雕像一样一动不动。”可知，第一段可描写作者妈妈开始实施那个计划。 ②由第二段首句内容“米尔德丽德咬着下嘴唇，点了点头。”可知，第二段可描写之后两人相处愉快，妈妈计划成功。 2.续写线索：害怕——请求——同意——相处愉快——计划成功——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①依靠：depend/ rely/account on ②成功：work/be a success/succeed 情绪类 ①感谢：appreciation/gratitude/be grateful 【点睛】 [高分句型1] I just know you are someone I can depend on.这句话运用了省略关系代词的定语从句。 [高分句型2] Mother stooped down, rapidly buttoning her coat.这句话运用了现在分词作状语的结构。 听力ABCCB ACACA BACBA ABBCB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$