专题07 非谓语动词（知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练）-【学考必备】2025年高中英语学业水平合格性考试总复习（江苏专用）

专题07 非谓语动词 目录 明晰学考要求 基础知识梳理 考点精讲讲练 考点一　非谓语动词做主语 考点二　非谓语动词做表语 考点三　非谓语动词做宾语 考点四　非谓语动词做定语 考点五　非谓语动词做状语 考点六　非谓语动词做宾语补足语 实战能力训练 考点一 非谓语动词作主语 不定式 一般表示具体某一次的动作。常用it作形式主语，而不定式是真正的主语，放在句末，以使句子保持平衡。 To see is to believe.眼见为实。 It is right to give up smoking.戒烟是正确的。 动名词 表示一般的、抽象的、泛指的概念，一般都放在谓语动词前，有时用it作形式主语。如：Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火会很危险。 【温馨提示】 1.在“It is/was＋adj.＋for/of sb to do sth”结构中，若形容词侧重于评价人物的特性、特征，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用of，此时形容词常为kind，nice，foolish等词，且sb与形容词之间可构成逻辑上的系表关系；若形容词侧重于描写不定式动作的特征、特点，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用for。 2.常用动名词作主语的句型：It is/was a waste (of...)/no use/no good doing sth It is generous of him to contribute so much money to the poor.他捐献了这么多钱给穷人真是太慷慨了。 It was important for us to learn English well.把英语学好对我们来说很重要。 It is no use complaining without taking action.不采取行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。 考点二 非谓语动词作表语 不定式 多表示某一次具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作。 动名词 多指抽象的、概念性的动作，句子主语常是表示无生命的名词或what引导的名词性从句。 现在/过去分词 现在分词作表语意为“令人……的”；而过去分词作表语意为“人感到……的”。 My dream is to enter Peking University.我的梦想是考入北京大学。 Our job is playing all kinds of music.我们的工作是演奏各种各样的音乐。 It’s well known that a tiger looks very frightening.众所周知，老虎看起来令人很害怕。 We were moved at the news that he had died for the motherland.听到他为国捐躯的消息，我们都很感动。 【温馨提示】 1.不定式和动名词作表语有时可通用，只不过不定式更侧重具体某一次，而动名词更侧重惯常性的动作状态。 2.不定式作表语时，不定式符号to的省略情况：当be动词前的句子部分有do/does/did 等(当“做”讲)时。 3.作表语的现在分词和过去分词是形容词化了的分词；现在分词v-ing表示: 令人/使人/让人…的，过去分词v-ed表示: 感到…的 excite---exciting---excited; surprise---surprising---surprised interest---interesting---interested; disappoint---disappointing---disappointed; delight---delighting---delighted; embarrass---embarrassing---embarrassed; 考点三 非谓语动词作宾语 1.不定式作宾语 ①常跟不定式作宾语的动词： 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装 decide/determine，learn，want，expect/hope/wish，refuse，manage，volunteer，pretend 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮 offer，promise，choose，plan，agree，ask/beg，help ②动词tell，show，understand，know，explain，teach，learn，advise等常接“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语。 Please tell me when to start the project. 请告诉我何时开始这个项目。 ③在某些动词如find，think，consider，feel，make，believe后，常用it作形式宾语，然后加宾语补足语，最后加不定式作真正的宾语。 We think it our duty to protect the environment.我们认为保护环境是我们的责任。 2.常跟动名词作宾语的动词 ①常跟动名词作宾语的动词(短语)： 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想 consider，suggest/advise，look forward to，excuse/pardon，admit，delay/put off，fancy 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏 avoid，miss，go on/keep on，practise，deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准避免 forbid，imagine，risk，can’t help，mind，allow/permit，escape ②以介词to结尾后接动名词做宾语的常见短语： look forward to盼望; devote…to把…投入…中； pay attention to 注意； be used / accustomed to习惯于； get down to 开始认真做某事； stick to 坚持 ③以可以省略的in / from结尾、后面接动名词做宾语的常见短语： have difficulty/ trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有…困难 have a good/ wonderful/ hard time (in) doing sth 做某事很愉快/ 不愉快 there is no point (in) doing sth 做某事没意义 stop/ prevent sb (from) doing sth 阻止/禁止宾语… 3.既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词(注意两者间意思的不同)，常见的有： 下列动词或短语既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接动词不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别： 4. 在need，want，require等后表示被动意义，不定式要用被动语态，动名词不需要。 My bike needs to be repaired.＝My bike needs repairing.我的自行车需要修理。 考点四 非谓语动词作定语 不定式 (1)表示将来的动作；不定式的被动式to be done作定语表示将来、被动的动作。 (2)常放在某些名词或代词后作定语。如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后需要加相应的介词。 (3)当中心词为序数词、最高级，the last，the only等或中心词被这类词修饰，且该中心词是作定语的非谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者时，多用不定式作定语。 (4)被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名词有：ability，chance，idea，hope，wish，fact，excuse，promise，attempt，way等。 动名词 动名词作定语常用来说明被修饰词的用途或目的。 a walking stick拐杖；a reading room阅览室；a sleeping car卧铺车 现在/过去分词 (1)及物动词的分词形式作定语 作定语的及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词、“being＋过去分词”、过去分词。当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时，用现在分词；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表正在进行时，用“being＋过去分词”；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表完成或状态时，用过去分词。 (2)不及物动词的分词形式作定语 作定语的不及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词只表示一个动作已完成，不表被动。 falling leaves正在下落的叶子(表正在进行)；fallen leaves落叶(表完成) 考点五 非谓语动词作状语 不定式 (1)作目的状语意为“为了”，可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。如果强调目的性，不定式前也可加in order或so as，但so as to不能用于句首。 (2)作结果状语常表示令人意外的结果，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，常用于下列结构：only to(不料……)、enough to(足够……)、too...to...(太……而不能……)、so/such...as to...(如此……以至于……)等。 (3)作原因状语 形容词或过去分词作表语时，后可接不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这种情绪的原因或所表示的情况，常用在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to do”结构中。常用于这类结构的形容词和过去分词有sorry，surprised，disappointed，excited，glad，happy，anxious，delighted，pleased，foolish等。注意　还有一类形容词如easy，difficult，hard，cheap，expensive，fit，comfortable，heavy，good，important，impossible，dangerous等，表示主语的特征或性质，后面也常用不定式作状语，不定式和句子主语之间存在被动关系，但常用主动形式表示被动意义。 现在/过去分词 (1)作时间状语相当于when，while，before，since，as引导的时间状语从句。 (2)作原因状语相当于because，since，as引导的原因状语从句。 (3)作条件状语相当于if，unless等引导的条件状语从句。 (4)作结果状语常用现在分词表示自然而然的结果，分词前可接thus。 (5)作方式或伴随状语表示一个同时发生的次要的(或者伴随的)动作，常用逗号与句子主体部分隔开，相当于并列句。 (6)作让步状语相当于though，although，even if等引导的让步状语从句。 【温馨提示】 1.某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且往往用于一些系表结构，此时这些过去分词既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态，如：lost(迷路的)、seated(坐着的)、hidden(隐瞒的)、lost/absorbed(沉迷于……的)、dressed(穿着……的)、tired(对……感到厌倦的)、excited(兴奋的)等。 2. 独立成分作状语 有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有： 独立成分 含义 generally speaking 一般来说 frankly/honestly speaking 坦白地/老实说 judging from/by... 根据……来判断 considering.../taking...into consideration/account 考虑到…… to tell you the truth 说实话 seeing... 考虑到…… given... 考虑到…… compared to/with... 与……相比 3. 名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式 ①独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在； ②独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系； ③它表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句或并列句。 考点六 非谓语动词做宾语补足语 1. 后接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词及动词短语 (1)有些动词或动词短语后接动词不定式作宾补，即“动词/动词短语＋宾语＋to do”。常见的这类动词或动词短语有：advise建议　allow 允许　ask 询问；要求　beg恳求　cause 导致　encourage 鼓励　permit准许　forbid 禁止　force 强迫　intend打算　invite 邀请　order 命令；要求　persuade说服　prefer 更喜欢　require 需要；要求　teach教　remind 提醒　tell 告诉　want想要　warn 警告　wish 希望；想要　wait for等待　call on 号召；要求　depend on 依靠　urge 催促；力劝 (2)下列句型中常用动词不定式作主语补足语，它们是： sb be said/believed/known/reported/considered/thought＋to do/to have done/to be done/to be doing/to have been done sth 2. 非谓语动词作感官动词(短语)、使役动词的宾补 (1)感官动词(短语)see，watch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel的宾语补足语有四种形式， 以see为例： see＋宾语＋ [注意]　“感官动词＋宾语＋省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语”在变为被动语态时需加to。 (2)使役动词make，let，have，get后接复合宾语的情况： ①make＋宾语＋ ②let＋宾语＋ ③have＋宾语＋ 注意　(1)“使役动词＋宾语＋省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语”在变为被动语态时也需加to。 (2)have sb doing sth用于否定句中，常与can’t，won’t等连用，表示“不能容忍某人做某事”。 ④get＋宾语＋ 3. 动词leave，keep，find，catch后加非谓语动词作复合宾语的情况 (1)leave (2)keep (3)find ⇒ (4)catch sb doing sth撞见某人正在做某事 4. “with＋宾语＋宾补”结构 (1)with＋名词/代词＋现在分词，现在分词可表示主动和动作正在进行 (2)with＋名词/代词＋过去分词，过去分词可表示被动和动作已完成或表状态 (3)with＋名词/代词＋不定式，不定式表示动作尚未发生 考点一 非谓语动词作主语 例1. It is important for humans ________ the environment. A. protect B. protecting C. protected D. to protect 【答案】D 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：保护环境对人类来说很重要。it be+形容词 for sb. to do sth.固定句型，意为“对于某人来说，做某事是……”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，故选D。 例2. --________ makes your son feel blue today? --________ to watch his favourite cartoon Paw Patrol. A. What it is that; To be forbidden B. What is that; Forbidden C. What is it that; Being forbidden D. That is what; Having forbidden 【答案】C 【详解】考查强调句型和非谓语动词。句意：——是什么让你儿子今天心情不好？——不让他看他最喜欢的卡通《狗狗巡逻队》。分析句子结构可知，第一空为强调句型的特殊疑问句，即：疑问词What+ is it+ that+其余部分；第二空为非谓语动词，作主语用动名词，且son与forbide之间是被动关系，所以用Being forbidden，故C项正确。 考点二 非谓语动词作表语 例3. Cleaning women in big cities get ________ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 【答案】C 【知识点】pay(paid paid)、过去分词作表语、过去分词表示被动意义 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：城市里的清洁女工按小时领工资。get常用作助动词，代替be后接过去分词，构成被动语态；由句意和by可知，pay与主语Cleaning women 之间为被动关系，paid为 pay的过去分词，故选C。 考点三 非谓语动词作宾语 例4. You can never imagine what great difficulty I had ________ the solution to this problem. A. found B. to find C. finding D. for finding 【答案】C 【知识点】动名词作宾语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你永远无法想象我在找到这个问题的解决办法时遇到了多大的困难。短语have difficulty in doing sth.做某事有困难，固定搭配，所以空处需用动名词作宾语。故选C。 例5. Diana used to ________ to work, but now she is used to ________ because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit. A. drive; walking B. drive; walk C. driving; walk D. driving; walking 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：戴安娜过去经常开车去上班，但现在她习惯于走路去上班，因为路上很拥挤，并且她想保持健康。分析句子可知，空格一处涉及固定短语“used to do sth.”，意为“过去经常做某事”，故空格一应填“drive”；空格二处涉及固定短语“be used to doing sth.”，意为“习惯于做某事”，“to”为介词，后接动名词作宾语，故空格二应填“walking”。故选A项。 例6. Father's Day is coming. I decide ________ a big meal for my father. A. cook B. to cook C. cooking D. cooked 【答案】B 【知识点】不定式作宾语 【详解】考查非谓语动词作宾语。句意：父亲节要来了，我决定为我爸爸做一顿大餐。decide后面需用不定式to do做宾语，decide to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”。故选B项。 考点四 非谓语动词作定语 例7. Most of the people ________ to the party tomorrow are famous scientists. A. inviting B. invited C. invite D. to be invited 【答案】D 【知识点】invite、不定式作定语、不定式的一般式：to+动词原形、不定式的被动语态 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：明天被邀请到聚会的人大多数是著名的科学家。句中有谓语动词are，invite用非谓语动词形式，是明天被邀请的，故用不定式的被动，表示将来被动。故选D。 例8. ________ from the foot of the mountain, the temple ________ back to the Ming Dynasty is truly impressive. A. Seeing; dated B. Seen; dating C. Seeing; dating D. Seen; dated 【答案】B 【知识点】see(saw seen)、现在分词作定语、过去分词作状语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从山脚看来，这座追溯到明朝的寺庙真的令人印象深刻。分析句子结构可知，主句主语为temple，动词see与之存在被动关系，应用过去分词seen，作方式状语；名词temple后为后置定语，date back意为“追溯”，temple与之存在主动关系，应用现在分词dating，作后置定语。故选B项。 例9. Look! The girl ________ on the stage is my cousin, Lily. A. singing B. sung C. sing D. sings 【答案】A 【知识点】sing(sang sung)、现在分词作定语、现在分词表示主动意义 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：正在舞台上唱歌的那个女孩是我的表妹莉莉。分析句子结构可知，is是句子的系动词，所以空处应用非谓语动词形式，“ on the stage”在句中作后置定语。逻辑主语The girl和动词sing之间是主谓关系，且根据Look可知，这里表示动作正在进行，所以应用现在分词singing。故选A项。 考点五 非谓语动词作状语 例10. Tom worked late into the night ________ the coming exam. A. pass B. passing C. to pass D. passed 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了通过即将到来的考试，汤姆工作到深夜。分析句子结构可知，句子结构完整，空处可使用不定式在句中表示目的，作目的状语。故选C。 例11. She is a student at Oxford University, ________ for a degree in computer science. A. studying B. studied C. to have studied D. to be studying 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她是牛津大学的一名学生，攻读计算机科学学位。study在句中作伴随状语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语She之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故选A项。 例12 When ________ by the police, the young man refused to say anything about the accident. A. to question B. questioned C. questioning D. to be questioned 【答案】B 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当警察询问时，这个年轻人拒绝对事故说任何话。分析句子结构可知，此处为是状语从句的省略结构，当时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且谓语动词中含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的“主语+be”结构，question与句子主语the young man之间为被动关系，所以此处应使用过去分词形式。故选B项。 考点六 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 例13. ________ at the news, all the teachers and students in senior three cheered and laughed, with their hands and arms ________. A. Exciting; raising B. Excited; raised C. Being exciting; raised D. Being excited; raising 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：高三的所有老师和学生听到这个消息都很兴奋，举起双手和双臂，欢呼着，大笑着。句中cheered and laughed是并列谓语，空处作非谓语动词，第一空，be excited at sth.表示“因某事兴奋”，作非谓语动词时去掉be动词即可，故填excited；第二空，raise与逻辑主语hands and arms之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语，故填raised。故选B项。 例14. ________ time going on, my home town will become richer and more beautiful. A. With B. For C. In D. Besides 【答案】A 【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：随着时间的推移，我的家乡将变得更加富裕和美丽。A. With和；B. For为了；C. In在……里面；D. Besides除了……之外(还)。分析可知，此处考查with复合结构+宾语+现在分词，表示动词和宾语之间是主动关系，此处指随着时间的推移，故选A。 例15. The room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ________ for a meal to be cooked. A. laying B. to lay C. lied D. laid 【答案】D 【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：餐厅干净整洁，已经摆好了餐桌，可以做饭了。A. laying(现在分词)摆放，铺放；B. to lay(不定式)摆放，铺放；C. lied(过去式、过去分词)撒谎；D. laid(过去分词)摆放，铺放。“with a dining table already ______ for a meal”是with复合结构，表示“餐桌摆放好了”，用动词lay，在with复合结构中作宾语补足语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语a dining table之间是被动关系，用过去分词laid。故选D。 例16. Miss Li often tells us ________ an honest person. A. to be B. being C. be D. been 【答案】A 【知识点】不定式作宾语补足语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：李老师经常告诉我们要成为一个诚实的人。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“tell sb. to do sth.”，意为“告诉某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语，“be”意为“成为”，动词词性，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形，故空格处应填“to be”。故选A项。 I. 单项选择 1. ________ light music may clear your mind and reduce pressure. A. Having listened to B. Listened to C. Listening to D. Listen to 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听轻音乐可以让你理清思路和缓解压力。本句缺少主语，所以这里用动名词作主语。故选C。 2. It is ________ the customers’ needs that has made chain stores so popular in big cities in China. A. meeting B. met C. to have met D. being met 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。本句是一个强调句，去掉it was 和that，___ the customers’ needs has made chain stores so popular in big cities in China. 不难发现，本句是动名词短语作主语。而D项是被动结构，本句meet后，有自己的宾语，故应为主动。选A。 3. You can never imagine what great trouble I have ________ this marble in my house. A. found B. for finding C. to find D. finding 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你永远想象不到我在家里找到这块大理石有多麻烦。分析句子结构可知，此处I have是定语从句修饰trouble，空处是固定搭配：have trouble (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”，故填finding。故选D项。 4. Some students found difficulty ________ for the test in three days. A. prepare B. to prepare C. prepared D. preparing 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一些学生发现在三天内准备考试很困难。find difficulty (in) doing sth.发现做某事有困难，prepare用动名词作宾语。故选D。 5. I spent years ________ for my college entrance exam and my dream finally came true. A. prepare B. prepared C. to prepare D. preparing 【答案】D 【详解】考查动名词。句意：我花了很多年准备高考，我的梦想终于实现了。spend +时间+(in)+doing sth“ 花费时间做某事”。故选D项。 6. —It's too cold now. Would you mind ________ the window? —________. Please do it now. A. to close; OK B. closing; Certainly not C. closing: of course D. to close; Good idea 【答案】B 【详解】考查固定搭配和交际用语。句意：--现在太冷了，你介意关上窗户吗？--当然不，现在就关吧。A. to close; OK关；好的；B. closing; Certainly not关；当然不；C. closing: of course关；当然；D. to close; Good idea关；好主意。would you mind doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“你介意做某事吗？”，其中doing作mind的宾语。根据空2后的Please do it now.可知，对方并不介意(Certainly not)。故选B项。 7. The girl always spends much time in ________ the poor children. A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个女孩总是花很多时间帮助贫穷的孩子。spend time in doing sth.花费时间做某事。故选B。 8. After being stopped by the police, the man admitted ________ the car. A. stealing B. steal C. to steal D. stolen 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被警察拦住后，那人承认偷了车。admit doing sth.承认做过某事(做过了)，being stopped by the police可知那人已经偷过车了。故选A项。 【点睛】表示admit doing sth. 承认做某事(做过了)，如： I admit breaking the window. 我承认打破了窗玻璃。 He admitted having stolen the money. 他承认偷了这笔钱。 9. The study, from academics at Harvard, claims ________ the first clear evidence showing that when temperatures go up, school performance goes down. A. to have produced B. to produce C. producing D. being produced 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这项来自哈佛大学学者的研究声称，它首次提供了明确的证据，表明气温上升时，在校表现会下降。claim to表示“声称做……”，而且produce这个动作发生在claims之前，故A项正确。 10. David threatened ________ his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid . A. to be reported B. reporting C. to report D. having reported 【答案】C 【详解】考查固定用法。句意：David威胁他的邻居说，如果不赔偿损失就报警。threaten to do “威胁做某事”，“David”和“报警”之间是主动关系，故选C。 11. Last night, there were millions of people ________ the opening ceremony live on TV. A. watch B. to watch C. watched D. watching 【答案】D 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意：昨晚，成千上万的人们在电视上观看了开幕式直播。分析可知，________ the opening ceremony live on TV作定语，修饰people，因people和watch之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词表主动。故选D。 12. The goods ________ on the Internet are cheaper than ________ we buy in shops. A. being bought; that B. bought; those C. bought; that D. be bought; those 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词和代词。句意：在网上买的东西比我们在商店买的东西便宜。第一空是非谓语动词做后置定语，修饰名词goods，且名词goods和动词buy二者之间是被动关系，应用过去分词bought做后置定语。第二空处比较对象与前文一致，都是goods，为了避免重复，用代词指代，that代指前面的单数名词，those代指前面的复数名词，此处商店买的商品和网上买的商品是同类异物，且the goods是复数名词，因此用those指代。故选B。 13. With ________ leaves ________ in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer. A. falling; burying B. fallen; buried C. fallen; burying D. falling; buried 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着落叶每年被埋在地下，土壤变得越来越肥沃。空格处构成“with+名词+过去分词”的结构，fallen leaves 表示“落叶”，过去分词作定语表示完成；leaves和bury之间是被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选B。 14. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ________. A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed 【答案】B 【详解】考查不定式。句意：我喜欢夏天早起。呼吸早晨的空气是有益于身心的。形容词后面用不定式，主动表被动，故选B。 15. With two children ________ a middle school in the nearby town now, the man is working hard. A. to attend B. attending C. attended D. having attended 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于两个孩子现在在附近的一所中学上学，这个男人正在努力工作。此处是“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，attend与two children是逻辑主谓关系，结合now可知，此处表示现在进行的动作，应用现在分词，作宾语补足语。故选B。 16. ________ from space, the earth, with water ________ 70% of its surface, looks like a blue ball. A. Seen; covered B. Seen; covering C. Seeing; covering D. Seeing; covered 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从太空看，地球表面70%被水覆盖，看起来像一个蓝色的球。分析句子可知， see from space在句中作时间或条件状语，用see的非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the earth之间有被动关系，所以应用过去分词seen，表示被动；动词cover在with复合结构中作宾语补足语，也用非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语water之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词covering，表示主动。故选B项。 17. When he came to life, he found himself on a chair, with his hands ________ back. A. to sit; tying B. sitting; tying C. seating; tied D. seated; tied 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他苏醒过来时，他发现自己坐在椅子上，双手被绑在后边。分析句子结构，两空在句中均为非谓语形式，作宾补，第一空，seat与himself之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式seated作宾语补足语；第二空，tie与hands之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式tied作宾语补足语。故选D项。 18. Some parents argue that it is their job to get their kids ________ in community service. A. to involve B. involved C. involving D. involve 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一些家长认为让孩子参与社区服务是他们的要做的工作。get sb. involved in意为“让某人卷入”，动词involve和逻辑主语their kids是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词involved，作宾语补足语。故选B项。 19. I was walking in the street ________ I heard my name ________. A. as; called B. while; calling C. when; called D. when; calling 【答案】C 【详解】考查固定句式及非谓语动词。句意：我正走在街上，突然听到有人叫我的名字。固定句式：was/were doing sth. when…“正在做某事，这时候……”；call与my name是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词做宾补。故选C。 20. The worse working conditions we are looking forward to ________ must have attracted the local government’s attention. A. see improved B. seeing improved C. see improving D. seeing to improve 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句和固定搭配。句意：我们一直期待着看到更糟糕的工作条件被改善一定引起了当地政府的关注。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查定语从句和动词短语固定搭配。we are looking forward to ______是定语从句，从句中looking forward to的to是介词，后面要用动名词形式，所以用seeing。先行词是The worse working conditions，在从句中做see的宾语，而see+宾语+宾补结构中，宾语the worse working conditions和宾补improve之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式improved。故选B。 II. 单句语法填空 1. ________(attract) by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. 【答案】Attracted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：来自伦敦的女孩被大自然的美丽所吸引，决定在农场再待两天。主语the girl与动词attract之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作原因状语，首字母应大写，故填Attracted。 2. She has a strong desire ________(catch) up on her reading during the holidays. 【答案】to catch 【详解】考查不定式。句意：她渴望在假期的时候赶上阅读的进度。此处为“渴望做某事”，表达为have a desire to do sth.，故此处应用不定式作定语，故填to catch。 3. Besides ________(do) all my schoolwork, I chat with my friends, watch films and read the daily news and other interesting articles. 【答案】doing 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：除了做我所有的功课，我和我的朋友聊天，看电影，阅读每日新闻和其他有趣的文章。作介词besides的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填doing。 4. His parents, like most, hoped he would go to a big city ________(find) a teaching job. 【答案】to find 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的父母和大多数人一样，希望他能去大城市找一份教书的工作。分析句子结构可知，本句是省略that的宾语从句，从句已有谓语动词would go，所以find用非谓语形式，根据句意，此处表目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。 5. ________(live) in the village was also more challenging than he had thought. 【答案】Living 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：住在村子里也比他想象的更有挑战性。此处应用动名词living作主语，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Living。 6. It takes me less than 15 minutes ________(wash), get changed, have breakfast and leave home. 【答案】to wash 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我洗漱、换衣服、吃早餐和离开家只需要不到15分钟。固定句型It takes sb. some time to do sth.“花费某人多长时间做某事”，it是形式主语，不定式作主语。故填to wash。 7. What she tries to achieve is ________(prepare) herself for university. 【答案】to prepare 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：她努力实现的是为上大学做准备。分析句子可知，空格处应填入动词不定式作表语。故填to prepare。 8. ________(obtain) the degree, she has to pass all of the examinations. 【答案】To obtain 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了获得学位，她必须通过所有的考试。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作状语，表目的。句首字母大写，故填To obtain。 9. There is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems ________(get) on with other people. 【答案】getting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：毫无疑问，情商低的人在与他人相处时经常会遇到问题。have problems/trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 是固定用法，意为“做某事有困难”。故填getting。 10. ________(inspire) by the message of the project, people felt that we should act now. 【答案】Inspired 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受到这个项目所传达的信息的启发，人们觉得我们应该现在就行动起来。主语为people，主语和动词inspire之间为被动关系，此处需用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Inspired。 11. For a lot of people, ________(be) a millionaire is a symbol of success. 【答案】being 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对很多人来说，成为百万富翁是成功的象征。分析句子可知，该句缺少主语，此处为非谓语动词中的动名词作主语。故填being。 12. Whenever I feel like ________(give) up, I always think of your speech at the meeting. 【答案】giving 【详解】考查动名词。句意：每当我想要放弃的时候，我就会想起你在会上的演讲。feel like doing sth.是固定短语，意为“想要做某事”，因此空格处用动名词giving作宾语，故填giving。 13. The two companies finally concluded an agreement, thus ________(mark) the beginning of their close cooperation. 【答案】marking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这两家公司最终达成了一致，因此标志着他们密切合作的开端。句子的谓语动词conclude，因此逗号后的动词应采取非谓语形式，thus后表示结果状语，表示意料之内自然而然的结果，需要用现在分词形式，故填marking。 14. To avoid ________(miss) the last train, please check the timetable in the station. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】missing 【详解】考查动名词。句意：为避免错过末班车，请在车站核对时刻表。avoid doing sth.(避免做某事)，miss用动名词形式。故填missing。 15. The factory has fired many employees in an attempt ________(cut) costs. 【答案】to cut 【详解】考查不定式。句意：为了尝试降低成本，这个工厂已经解雇了许多员工。空格处是定语，要用不定式，故填to cut。 16. My aim is ________(do) well in every subject this term. 【答案】to do 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的目标是这学期各门功课都考好。分析句子可知，句中有系动词“is”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，句中应用动词不定式作表语，说明主语“aim”的具体内容，且表示将来的动作，不定式符号后接动词原形。故填to do。 17. Beethoven jumped about in front of the orchestra, ________(wave) his arms wildly. 【答案】waving 【知识点】wave、现在分词作状语 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：贝多芬在乐团面前跳来跳去，疯狂地挥舞着手臂。分析句子结构可知，wave在句中不是谓语动词，它与句子主语Beethoven 在逻辑上是主动关系，因此使用现在分词作状语。故填waving。 18. He will fight even more desperately if ________(trap). 【答案】trapped 【详解】考查非谓语。分析句子可知，本句是省略句，If从句中的主语he与主句的主语一致，可以把从句的主语省略，而he与动词trap是被动关系，意为“如果他被围困住…”，trap要用过去分词，因此本空填trapped。 19. He lives in a coastal city and prefers ________(swim) to running. 【答案】swimming 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他住在一个海滨城市，更喜欢跑步。prefer doing sth.“更喜欢做某事”，接动名词作宾语，故填swimming。 20. ________(bury) in her newly-bought book, Jane forgot all about the demanding task she was involved in. 【答案】Buried 【知识点】过去分词作状语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：简埋头看她新买的书，完全忘记了她所参与的艰巨任务。be buried in意为“埋头于，专心于”，此处省略be，用过去分词作状语。句子第一个单词首字母大写。故填Buried。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题07 非谓语动词 目录 明晰学考要求 基础知识梳理 考点精讲讲练 考点一　非谓语动词做主语 考点二　非谓语动词做表语 考点三　非谓语动词做宾语 考点四　非谓语动词做定语 考点五　非谓语动词做状语 考点六　非谓语动词做宾语补足语 实战能力训练 考点一 非谓语动词作主语 不定式 一般表示具体某一次的动作。常用it作形式主语，而不定式是真正的主语，放在句末，以使句子保持平衡。 To see is to believe.眼见为实。 It is right to give up smoking.戒烟是正确的。 动名词 表示一般的、抽象的、泛指的概念，一般都放在谓语动词前，有时用it作形式主语。如：Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火会很危险。 【温馨提示】 1.在“It is/was＋adj.＋for/of sb to do sth”结构中，若形容词侧重于评价人物的特性、特征，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用of，此时形容词常为kind，nice，foolish等词，且sb与形容词之间可构成逻辑上的系表关系；若形容词侧重于描写不定式动作的特征、特点，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用for。 2.常用动名词作主语的句型：It is/was a waste (of...)/no use/no good doing sth It is generous of him to contribute so much money to the poor.他捐献了这么多钱给穷人真是太慷慨了。 It was important for us to learn English well.把英语学好对我们来说很重要。 It is no use complaining without taking action.不采取行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。 考点二 非谓语动词作表语 不定式 多表示某一次具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作。 动名词 多指抽象的、概念性的动作，句子主语常是表示无生命的名词或what引导的名词性从句。 现在/过去分词 现在分词作表语意为“令人……的”；而过去分词作表语意为“人感到……的”。 My dream is to enter Peking University.我的梦想是考入北京大学。 Our job is playing all kinds of music.我们的工作是演奏各种各样的音乐。 It’s well known that a tiger looks very frightening.众所周知，老虎看起来令人很害怕。 We were moved at the news that he had died for the motherland.听到他为国捐躯的消息，我们都很感动。 【温馨提示】 1.不定式和动名词作表语有时可通用，只不过不定式更侧重具体某一次，而动名词更侧重惯常性的动作状态。 2.不定式作表语时，不定式符号to的省略情况：当be动词前的句子部分有do/does/did 等(当“做”讲)时。 3.作表语的现在分词和过去分词是形容词化了的分词；现在分词v-ing表示: 令人/使人/让人…的，过去分词v-ed表示: 感到…的 excite---exciting---excited; surprise---surprising---surprised interest---interesting---interested; disappoint---disappointing---disappointed; delight---delighting---delighted; embarrass---embarrassing---embarrassed; 考点三 非谓语动词作宾语 1.不定式作宾语 ①常跟不定式作宾语的动词： 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装 decide/determine，learn，want，expect/hope/wish，refuse，manage，volunteer，pretend 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮 offer，promise，choose，plan，agree，ask/beg，help ②动词tell，show，understand，know，explain，teach，learn，advise等常接“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语。 Please tell me when to start the project. 请告诉我何时开始这个项目。 ③在某些动词如find，think，consider，feel，make，believe后，常用it作形式宾语，然后加宾语补足语，最后加不定式作真正的宾语。 We think it our duty to protect the environment.我们认为保护环境是我们的责任。 2.常跟动名词作宾语的动词 ①常跟动名词作宾语的动词(短语)： 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想 consider，suggest/advise，look forward to，excuse/pardon，admit，delay/put off，fancy 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏 avoid，miss，go on/keep on，practise，deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准避免 forbid，imagine，risk，can’t help，mind，allow/permit，escape ②以介词to结尾后接动名词做宾语的常见短语： look forward to盼望; devote…to把…投入…中； pay attention to 注意； be used / accustomed to习惯于； get down to 开始认真做某事； stick to 坚持 ③以可以省略的in / from结尾、后面接动名词做宾语的常见短语： have difficulty/ trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有…困难 have a good/ wonderful/ hard time (in) doing sth 做某事很愉快/ 不愉快 there is no point (in) doing sth 做某事没意义 stop/ prevent sb (from) doing sth 阻止/禁止宾语… 3.既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词(注意两者间意思的不同)，常见的有： 下列动词或短语既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接动词不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别： 4. 在need，want，require等后表示被动意义，不定式要用被动语态，动名词不需要。 My bike needs to be repaired.＝My bike needs repairing.我的自行车需要修理。 考点四 非谓语动词作定语 不定式 (1)表示将来的动作；不定式的被动式to be done作定语表示将来、被动的动作。 (2)常放在某些名词或代词后作定语。如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后需要加相应的介词。 (3)当中心词为序数词、最高级，the last，the only等或中心词被这类词修饰，且该中心词是作定语的非谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者时，多用不定式作定语。 (4)被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名词有：ability，chance，idea，hope，wish，fact，excuse，promise，attempt，way等。 动名词 动名词作定语常用来说明被修饰词的用途或目的。 a walking stick拐杖；a reading room阅览室；a sleeping car卧铺车 现在/过去分词 (1)及物动词的分词形式作定语 作定语的及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词、“being＋过去分词”、过去分词。当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时，用现在分词；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表正在进行时，用“being＋过去分词”；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表完成或状态时，用过去分词。 (2)不及物动词的分词形式作定语 作定语的不及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词只表示一个动作已完成，不表被动。 falling leaves正在下落的叶子(表正在进行)；fallen leaves落叶(表完成) 考点五 非谓语动词作状语 不定式 (1)作目的状语意为“为了”，可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。如果强调目的性，不定式前也可加in order或so as，但so as to不能用于句首。 (2)作结果状语常表示令人意外的结果，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，常用于下列结构：only to(不料……)、enough to(足够……)、too...to...(太……而不能……)、so/such...as to...(如此……以至于……)等。 (3)作原因状语 形容词或过去分词作表语时，后可接不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这种情绪的原因或所表示的情况，常用在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to do”结构中。常用于这类结构的形容词和过去分词有sorry，surprised，disappointed，excited，glad，happy，anxious，delighted，pleased，foolish等。注意　还有一类形容词如easy，difficult，hard，cheap，expensive，fit，comfortable，heavy，good，important，impossible，dangerous等，表示主语的特征或性质，后面也常用不定式作状语，不定式和句子主语之间存在被动关系，但常用主动形式表示被动意义。 现在/过去分词 (1)作时间状语相当于when，while，before，since，as引导的时间状语从句。 (2)作原因状语相当于because，since，as引导的原因状语从句。 (3)作条件状语相当于if，unless等引导的条件状语从句。 (4)作结果状语常用现在分词表示自然而然的结果，分词前可接thus。 (5)作方式或伴随状语表示一个同时发生的次要的(或者伴随的)动作，常用逗号与句子主体部分隔开，相当于并列句。 (6)作让步状语相当于though，although，even if等引导的让步状语从句。 【温馨提示】 1.某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且往往用于一些系表结构，此时这些过去分词既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态，如：lost(迷路的)、seated(坐着的)、hidden(隐瞒的)、lost/absorbed(沉迷于……的)、dressed(穿着……的)、tired(对……感到厌倦的)、excited(兴奋的)等。 2. 独立成分作状语 有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有： 独立成分 含义 generally speaking 一般来说 frankly/honestly speaking 坦白地/老实说 judging from/by... 根据……来判断 considering.../taking...into consideration/account 考虑到…… to tell you the truth 说实话 seeing... 考虑到…… given... 考虑到…… compared to/with... 与……相比 3. 名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式 ①独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在； ②独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系； ③它表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句或并列句。 考点六 非谓语动词做宾语补足语 1. 后接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词及动词短语 (1)有些动词或动词短语后接动词不定式作宾补，即“动词/动词短语＋宾语＋to do”。常见的这类动词或动词短语有：advise建议　allow 允许　ask 询问；要求　beg恳求　cause 导致　encourage 鼓励　permit准许　forbid 禁止　force 强迫　intend打算　invite 邀请　order 命令；要求　persuade说服　prefer 更喜欢　require 需要；要求　teach教　remind 提醒　tell 告诉　want想要　warn 警告　wish 希望；想要　wait for等待　call on 号召；要求　depend on 依靠　urge 催促；力劝 (2)下列句型中常用动词不定式作主语补足语，它们是： sb be said/believed/known/reported/considered/thought＋to do/to have done/to be done/to be doing/to have been done sth 2. 非谓语动词作感官动词(短语)、使役动词的宾补 (1)感官动词(短语)see，watch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel的宾语补足语有四种形式， 以see为例： see＋宾语＋ [注意]　“感官动词＋宾语＋省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语”在变为被动语态时需加to。 (2)使役动词make，let，have，get后接复合宾语的情况： ①make＋宾语＋ ②let＋宾语＋ ③have＋宾语＋ 注意　(1)“使役动词＋宾语＋省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语”在变为被动语态时也需加to。 (2)have sb doing sth用于否定句中，常与can’t，won’t等连用，表示“不能容忍某人做某事”。 ④get＋宾语＋ 3. 动词leave，keep，find，catch后加非谓语动词作复合宾语的情况 (1)leave (2)keep (3)find ⇒ (4)catch sb doing sth撞见某人正在做某事 4. “with＋宾语＋宾补”结构 (1)with＋名词/代词＋现在分词，现在分词可表示主动和动作正在进行 (2)with＋名词/代词＋过去分词，过去分词可表示被动和动作已完成或表状态 (3)with＋名词/代词＋不定式，不定式表示动作尚未发生 考点一 非谓语动词作主语 例1. It is important for humans ________ the environment. A. protect B. protecting C. protected D. to protect 例2. --________ makes your son feel blue today? --________ to watch his favourite cartoon Paw Patrol. A. What it is that; To be forbidden B. What is that; Forbidden C. What is it that; Being forbidden D. That is what; Having forbidden 考点二 非谓语动词作表语 例3. Cleaning women in big cities get ________ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 考点三 非谓语动词作宾语 例4. You can never imagine what great difficulty I had ________ the solution to this problem. A. found B. to find C. finding D. for finding 例5. Diana used to ________ to work, but now she is used to ________ because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit. A. drive; walking B. drive; walk C. driving; walk D. driving; walking 例6. Father's Day is coming. I decide ________ a big meal for my father. A. cook B. to cook C. cooking D. cooked 考点四 非谓语动词作定语 例7. Most of the people ________ to the party tomorrow are famous scientists. A. inviting B. invited C. invite D. to be invited 例8. ________ from the foot of the mountain, the temple ________ back to the Ming Dynasty is truly impressive. A. Seeing; dated B. Seen; dating C. Seeing; dating D. Seen; dated 例9. Look! The girl ________ on the stage is my cousin, Lily. A. singing B. sung C. sing D. sings 考点五 非谓语动词作状语 例10. Tom worked late into the night ________ the coming exam. A. pass B. passing C. to pass D. passed 例11. She is a student at Oxford University, ________ for a degree in computer science. A. studying B. studied C. to have studied D. to be studying 例12 When ________ by the police, the young man refused to say anything about the accident. A. to question B. questioned C. questioning D. to be questioned 考点六 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 例13. ________ at the news, all the teachers and students in senior three cheered and laughed, with their hands and arms ________. A. Exciting; raising B. Excited; raised C. Being exciting; raised D. Being excited; raising 例14. ________ time going on, my home town will become richer and more beautiful. A. With B. For C. In D. Besides 例15. The room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ________ for a meal to be cooked. A. laying B. to lay C. lied D. laid 例16. Miss Li often tells us ________ an honest person. A. to be B. being C. be D. been I. 单项选择 1. ________ light music may clear your mind and reduce pressure. A. Having listened to B. Listened to C. Listening to D. Listen to 2. It is ________ the customers’ needs that has made chain stores so popular in big cities in China. A. meeting B. met C. to have met D. being met 3. You can never imagine what great trouble I have ________ this marble in my house. A. found B. for finding C. to find D. finding 4. Some students found difficulty ________ for the test in three days. A. prepare B. to prepare C. prepared D. preparing 5. I spent years ________ for my college entrance exam and my dream finally came true. A. prepare B. prepared C. to prepare D. preparing 6. —It's too cold now. Would you mind ________ the window? —________. Please do it now. A. to close; OK B. closing; Certainly not C. closing: of course D. to close; Good idea 7. The girl always spends much time in ________ the poor children. A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped 8. After being stopped by the police, the man admitted ________ the car. A. stealing B. steal C. to steal D. stolen 9. The study, from academics at Harvard, claims ________ the first clear evidence showing that when temperatures go up, school performance goes down. A. to have produced B. to produce C. producing D. being produced 10. David threatened ________ his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid . A. to be reported B. reporting C. to report D. having reported 11. Last night, there were millions of people ________ the opening ceremony live on TV. A. watch B. to watch C. watched D. watching 12. The goods ________ on the Internet are cheaper than ________ we buy in shops. A. being bought; that B. bought; those C. bought; that D. be bought; those 13. With ________ leaves ________ in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer. A. falling; burying B. fallen; buried C. fallen; burying D. falling; buried 14. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ________. A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed 15. With two children ________ a middle school in the nearby town now, the man is working hard. A. to attend B. attending C. attended D. having attended 16. ________ from space, the earth, with water ________ 70% of its surface, looks like a blue ball. A. Seen; covered B. Seen; covering C. Seeing; covering D. Seeing; covered 17. When he came to life, he found himself on a chair, with his hands ________ back. A. to sit; tying B. sitting; tying C. seating; tied D. seated; tied 18. Some parents argue that it is their job to get their kids ________ in community service. A. to involve B. involved C. involving D. involve 19. I was walking in the street ________ I heard my name ________. A. as; called B. while; calling C. when; called D. when; calling 20. The worse working conditions we are looking forward to ________ must have attracted the local government’s attention. A. see improved B. seeing improved C. see improving D. seeing to improve II. 单句语法填空 1. ________(attract) by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. 2. She has a strong desire ________(catch) up on her reading during the holidays. 3. Besides ________(do) all my schoolwork, I chat with my friends, watch films and read the daily news and other interesting articles. 4. His parents, like most, hoped he would go to a big city ________(find) a teaching job. 5. ________(live) in the village was also more challenging than he had thought. 6. It takes me less than 15 minutes ________(wash), get changed, have breakfast and leave home. 7. What she tries to achieve is ________(prepare) herself for university. 8. ________(obtain) the degree, she has to pass all of the examinations. 9. There is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems ________(get) on with other people. 10. ________(inspire) by the message of the project, people felt that we should act now. 11. For a lot of people, ________(be) a millionaire is a symbol of success. 12. Whenever I feel like ________(give) up, I always think of your speech at the meeting. 13. The two companies finally concluded an agreement, thus ________(mark) the beginning of their close cooperation. 14. To avoid ________(miss) the last train, please check the timetable in the station. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15. The factory has fired many employees in an attempt ________(cut) costs. 16. My aim is ________(do) well in every subject this term. 17. Beethoven jumped about in front of the orchestra, ________(wave) his arms wildly. 18. He will fight even more desperately if ________(trap). 19. He lives in a coastal city and prefers ________(swim) to running. 20. ________(bury) in her newly-bought book, Jane forgot all about the demanding task she was involved in. ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$