高考时文语法填空3-2025届高三上学期英语一轮复习专项

高中英语语法填空 一【剩菜盲盒】 A unique food trend has recently gained 1、 ( popular) among young people in China. Known as “leftover food blind boxes”, these innovative meal options provide a convenient and 2、 ( afford) way to enjoy delicious food while also reducing food waste. So far this concept 3、 ( attract) the attention of many curious young individuals. The concept of“leftover food blind boxes” originated abroad, specifically from an app called Too Good To Go that started in Denmark in2015. Its goal is 4、 ( fight) against food waste by offering surplus(剩余的) unsold food from nearby stores and restaurants 5、 a reduced price. Inspired by videos posted by Chinese creators living abroad 6、 shared their experience, Chinese consumers and businesses have quickly accepted the idea,7、 ( lead) to similar operations in major Chinese cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Chengdu. The operational methods of the“leftover food blind box” model can vary between stores. Some boxes contain pre - packaged meals 8、 ( base) on a store's sales before the evening, while others allow customers to choose from9、 still remains in the store around closing time. However, the latter option is less common. The contents of the blind boxes are often only revealed upon opening, adding 10、 element of surprise to the dining experience. 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 二 【机器在人脸识别中的优点和局限性】 Human memory is unreliable. Even people with the sharpest facial recognition skills can only remember so much. It's tough to quantify how good a person is 1、 remembering. No one really knows how many different faces someone can recall, for example, but various estimates tend to hover in the thousands. Machines aren’ t limited this way. Give the right computer a massive database of faces, and it can process what it sees—— then recognize a face it2、 ( tell) to find—— with remarkable speed and precision. This skill is 3、 supports the enormous promise of facial-recognition software in the21st century. The thing is machines still have limitations when it comes to facial recognition: And scientists are only just beginning to understand what those constraints are. 4、 ( figure) out how computers are struggling, researchers at the University of Washington created a massive database of faces and 5、 ( test) a variety of facial-recognition algorithms (算法) as they scales up in complexity. The idea was to test the machines on a database that included up to 1 million different images of nearly 7, 000 different people — and not just a large database 6、 ( feature) a relatively small number of different faces. As the databases grew, machine 7、 ( accurate) dipped across the board. Algorithms 8、 were right 95% of the time when they were dealing with a 13,000-image database; for example, were accurate about 70% of the time when face with 1 million images. Machines also had difficulty adjusting for people who look a lot alike----either doppelgangers(长相极相似的人), whom the machine would have trouble in identifying as two separate people,9、 the same person who appeared in different photos at different ages or in different lighting, whom the machine would 10、 ( correct) view as separate people. 三 【南繁种子繁殖中心】 The Sanya Nanfan(南繁) Seed Breeding(繁殖) Base, located in south China's Hainan Province, plays a vital role as a seed centre in China. 1、 ( unique) blessed with nature's gifts and a wealth of the country's resources, it serves as the dedicated ground 2 、 skilled agricultural experts contribute to feeding our nation and addressing global hunger. Dr. Xiao Feng stands at the forefront of agricultural innovation in Nanfan. Jokingly 3、 ( refer) to himself as a “mudskipper”, he is often spotted with rolled-up trouser legs knee-deep in the 4、 ( mud) fields. Dr. Xiao, along with other Nanfan researchers,5、 ( commit) wholeheartedly to improving grain production, ensuring that people' s dinner tables are filled. “Life. can be compared to a seed,” remarks Dr. Xiao. “Occasionally, it may either not grow as expected 6、 remain inactive. Nevertheless, hope and opportunity persist. The seed of life will always manage 7、 ( emerge) through the ground.” The term “Nanfan” itself implies to the practice of transplanting summertime crops from northern latitudes to Hainan during its winter. This makes for an 8、 ( extend) of growing seasons. Shortening the breeding cycle 9、 half or more, Nanfan accelerates the breeding process. Hope is a humble seed, when 10、 ( plant) in fertile ground, it transfigures(美化……的外表) into new life bearing fruits of change. The researchers at Nanfan are those seeds of hope. 四 【无人驾驶航空出租车将在广州起飞】 The dream of riding in an unmanned aerial (航空的) taxi is set to become a 1. (real) in Guangzhou, Guangdong province, with a local company 2. (engage) in the development and operation of electric vertical (垂直的) takeoff and landing aircraft expected 3. (obtain) operational certification (运营认证) soon. "We are expecting to receive operational certification this year to make riding in an aerial taxi a real thing, "said Wang Zhao, chief operating officer of EHang Holdings (亿航智能), one of the world's leading urban air mobility companies, 4. is based in Guangzhou. The company is now focusing on the internal testing for its flying application for the much-anticipated EH 216-S aircraft, according to Wang. "Once it is 5. ( official) launched, the prices will be slightly higher 6. those of ride-hailing services (网约车服务), "he said. Guangzhou has outlined 20 specific measures aimed 7. fostering the high-quality development of its low-altitude (低 空) economy and related industries, including the establishment of a dedicated 10 billion yuan ($1.37 billion) venture capital fund. One hundred takeoff and landing stations will 8. (establish) across the city by 2027, according to an announcement made during the conference. Operational certification for EHang aerial taxis would make Guangzhou 9. first Chinese city to operate commercial unmanned flights, according to Wang. The company has launched10. ( success) demonstration flights of its eVTOL (电动垂直起降飞行器) aircraft in carrying passengers, logistics (物流) , smart city management and aerial lighting shows. 五【人工智能】 For the past few decades, many of us1 ( rely) on “Doctor Google” to self-diagnose(诊断) aches, pains and complaints. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has brought a far 2( much) powerful tool to assist with medical diagnoses——ChatGPT-4. This is the next-generation version of the chat-bot ChatGPT, which was released only four months ago. Doctors believe the new AI will revolutionize their work 3 improve the lives of their patients. Three Al experts have written an e-book 4 ( title) The Al Revolution in Medicine. In it, they said ChatGPT-4 will provide surgeons with 5 ( significance), life-saving advice and information in real time. The authors say, “6 is time to start understanding and discussing AI’ s potential.” The new e-book says ChatGPT-4 will become 7 ( extreme) useful to doctors. It will be like having a kind and helpful teacher by your side 8 has nearly all the world’ s medical knowledge. The authors said, “In almost any way you can name, from diagnosis to medical records to clinical trials, its impact will be broad and deep.” However, authors also acknowledged that AI cannot answer all medical 9 ( puzzle). They warned that ChatGPT-4 can offer some inaccurate medical advice, 10 ( add) that AI still gives “wrong answers that almost always look right” . Therefore, they cautioned against using Al without human supervision (监督). $$ 高考时文语法填空3 答案解析 一【剩菜盲盒】 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了关于中国年轻人中流行的“剩菜盲盒”这一独特食品的趋势。这种创新的餐饮选择既方便又实惠，同时还有助于减少食物浪费。 1、popularity。考查名词。句意：一种独特的美食潮流最近在中国年轻人中流行起来。gain 是及物动词, 后面需跟名词作宾语, popular 的名词形式是 popularity, 不可数, 故填 popularity。 2、affordable。考查形容词。句意：被称为“剩饭盲盒”，这些创新的餐饮选择提供了一种方便且负担得起的方式来享受美食，同时也减少了食物浪费。空白处在句子中作定语使用形容词，且and 连接两个并列的形容词, afford 的形容词形式是 affordable, 表示 “负担得起的”, 故填 affordable。 3、has attracted。考查时态。句意：到目前为止，这个概念已经吸引了许多好奇的年轻人的注意。根据时间状语 so far 可知本句表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时，主语 this concept 是单数, 谓语动词用 has attracted, 故填 has attracted。 4、to fight。考查非谓语动词。句意：它的目标是通过以较低的价格提供附近商店和餐馆剩余的未售出食物来对抗食物浪费。此处用动词不定式作表语，说明 goal 的具体内容，故填 to fight。 5、at。考查介词。句意: 同上。at a reduced price 表示 “以较低的价格”, 是固定搭配, 故填 at。 6、who。考查定语从句。句意：受到生活在国外的中国创作者发布的视频的启发，他们分享了自己的经历，中国消费者和企业很快接受了这个想法，导致在中国的主要城市如北京、上海和成都也出现了类似的业务。先行词是 Chinese creators, 指人, 在限制性定语从句中作主语, 关系词可用 who, 故填 who。 7、leading。考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，动词和逻辑主语之间是主动关系，此处用现在分词 leading作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果，故填 leading。 8、based。考查非谓语动词。句意：一些盲盒里装着根据商店晚上之前的销售额预先包装好的饭菜，而另一些则允许顾客在临近关门时间从商店里剩下的东西中进行选择。bebased on为固定短语，表示“以…… 为基础”, 此处用过去分词短语 based on a store’s sales before the evening 作后置定语, 修饰 meals, 故填 based。 9、what。考查宾语从句。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，from 后面是一个宾语从句，从句缺少主语, 且指物, 用 what 引导, 故填 what。 10、an。考查冠词。句意：盲盒的内容通常只有在打开时才会揭晓，这给用餐体验增添了一份惊喜element 是可数名词, 此处表示 “一份惊喜”, 是泛指, 且 element 的发音以元音音素开头, 用 an修饰, 故填 an。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 二【机器在人脸识别中的优点和局限性】 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了机器在人脸识别中的优点和局限性。 1、at。考查固定搭配。句意：很难量化一个人的记忆力有多好。分析句子成分和句子结构可知，how在句中引导宾语从句，宾语从句是以 how为感叹词的感叹句； 结合感叹句的句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配 be good at，意为“擅长”。故填 at。 2、is told。考查被动语态。句意：给一台合适的计算机一个庞大的人脸数据库，它就能处理它所看到的——然后识别出它被告知要找到的一张脸。分子句子成分和句子结构可知，face后面是省略了关系词 that或 which 的定语从句；分析定语从句句子成分可知，句子主语 it 指代前面的 computer，与谓语动词 tell之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态； 结合上文 can process 可知，此处描述的是现在的一般情况，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态。故填 is told。 3、what。考查表语从句。句意：这种技能为21 世纪面部识别软件的巨大前景提供了支持。分析句子成分和句子结构可知，句中已有系动词 is和谓语动词 supports，可推断句子是一个复合句，所以设空处要填连词；设空句跟在系动词is 后面，所以这是一个表语从句； 分析表语从句句子成分可知，从句缺少主语，且设空处指代物，所以要填 what。故填 what。 4、To figure。考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为了弄清楚计算机是如何挣扎的，华盛顿大学的研究人员创建了一个庞大的面部数据库，并测试了各种面部识别算法，因为它们的复杂性不断增加。根据句意可知，设空处在句中充当目的状语, 所以要用不定式。故填 To figure。 5、tested。考查一般过去时。句意：为了弄清楚计算机是如何挣扎的，华盛顿大学的研究人员创建了一个庞大的面部数据库，并测试了各种面部识别算法，因为它们的复杂性不断增加。根据前面的并列词 and可知，设空处与前面的 created 并列， 可知句子时态是一般过去时， 所以设空处也要填过去式。故填 tested。 6、featuring。考查现在分词作定语。句意：我们的想法是在最多包含1个数据库的数据库上测试机器。近7000人的百万张不同的照片——而不仅仅是一个拥有相对少量不同面孔的大数据库。分析句子成分和句子结构可知，连词 that在句中引导定语从句，主从句句子成分完整，所以设空处是非谓语动词； 根据句意可知，设空处修饰前面的名词 database, 所以设空处充当定语, 与逻辑主语 database之间是主动关系, 所以要用现在分词形式。故填 featuring。 7、accuracy。考查名词作主语。句意：随着数据库的增长，机器的准确率全面下降。分析句子成分可知，设空处在句中充当主语，所以要用名词形式。故填 accuracy。 8、that/ which。考查定语从句。句意: 例如, 在处理含有13000 张图像的数据库时, 算法的精确度达到95%, 但在面对100万张图像时精确度下滑至70%左右。分析句子成分和句子结构可知, 句子 were right 95% of the time对前面的名词 Algorithms起修饰限定作用，所以这是一个定语从句； 分析定语从句句子成分可知， 句子缺少主语, 所以要用关系代词; 先行词是物, 所以要用 that 或者 which。故填 that/ which。 9、or。考查并列连词。句意：对于长得很像的人，机器也很难进行调整——要么是长得很像的人，机器很难将他们识别为两个人；要么是同一个人，在不同年龄或不同光线下出现在不同的照片中，机器会正确地将他们视为不同的人。根据句意可知，句子表达了“要么……要么……”的意思，所以要用 either… or…来表示。故填 or。 10、correctly。考查副词作状语。句意：对于长得很像的人，机器也很难进行调整——要么是长得很像的人，机器很难将他们识别为两个人； 要么是同一个人，在不同年龄或不同光线下出现在不同的照片中，机器会正确地将他们视为不同的人。设空处作状语修饰后面的动词 view，所以要用副词形式。故填 correctly。 三【南繁种子繁殖中心】 本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与自然。文章主要介绍了南繁种子繁殖中心的情况及其主要贡献。 1、Uniquely。考查副词。句意：拥有得天独厚的自然恩赐和丰富的国家资源，在这片土地上，农业专家就如何处理全球饥饿问题贡献力量。空处修饰 blessed，应用副词形式。故填 Uniquely. 2、where。考查定语从句。句意：拥有得天独厚的自然恩赐和丰富的国家资源，在这片土地上，农业专家就如何处理全球饥饿问题贡献力量。先行词为 ground，引导词在定语从旬中充当地点状语。故填 where. 3、referring。考查非谓语动词。句意：戏称自己为“弹涂鱼”，他经常被看到卷着裤腿站在泥泞的田地里。 -ing表主动。refer 和主句主语he之间是主动关系。故填 referring. 4、muddy。考查形容词。句意：戏称自己为“弹涂鱼”。他经常被人看到卷着裤腿站在泥泞的田地里。空处修饰名词 field，应用形容词形式。故填 muddy. 5、is committed/ commits。考查动词的时态。句意:肖博士和其他南繁的研究者们一起全身心致力于提升粮食产量，确保人们粮食充足。从第二段开始介绍 Dr. Xiao 都使用一般现在时。故填 is committed/ commits。 6、or。考查连词。句意：生活就像种子一样，或者有时不像预期的那样生长，或者有时不活跃。either.. or.或.....故填 or. 7、to emerge 。考查不定式。句意:生命的种子总能从地里冒出来。magnate to do sth.完成某事(困难的事)。故填 to emerge. 8、extension。 考查名词。句意：这样可以延长生长季节。冠词后面应用名词形式。 故填 extension。 9、by。考查介词。句意：使繁殖周期缩短一半或更多… by表示程度或者数量。故填 by. 10、planted。考查非谓语动词。句意：当希望被种植在肥沃的土壤里时，融入新的生命，结出变化之果。v.-ed作状语。plant 和主句主语 hope之间是被动关系。故填 planted. 四【无人驾驶航空出租车将在广州起飞】 1、reality。该题考查词性转换。根据句意及前面的不定冠词a可以判断此处应填写名词形式。 2、engaged。该题考查非谓语动词 ed形式。首先，介词 with 后面的部分是主句的补充成分(不是谓语成分) ，动词应该使用非谓语形式。其次，动词 engage的常见用法是be engaged in sth意思是“忙于， 从事…”(这种情况无法用汉语意思直接感受和判断主被动关系) 。 3、to obtain。该题考查非谓语动词 to do(不定式) 。to do 常用语表示计划性和打算性。be expected to do 的意思是“预计要做某事”。 4、which。该题考查从句引导词。此处 which 引导非限定性定语从句。which 在从句中代指 EHang Holdings(亿航智能)做主语。 5、officially。该题考查词性转换。修饰动词 be launched 应当用副词。 6、than。该题考查连词。此处用连词 than表示比较关系。句意：“航空出租车的价格将会略高于普通网约车。” 7、at。该题考查介词。be aimed at是固定用法(注意和 aim to do 区分) , 意思是“目的是……”。 8、be established。该题考查谓语动词语态。此处 establish做谓语动词。首先, 主语 stations 和 establish之间是被动关系“被建立”。其次, 前面是情态动词 will 表示将来,后面应接动词原形, 因此应该填入 be established. 9、the。该题考查冠词。序数词( first) 前面用定冠词 the。 10、successful。该题考查词性转换。此处要修饰后面名词 demonstration flights, 因此用形容词。 五 人工智能 1. have relied 考查时态。分析句意可知, 动词 rely“依赖”在句中作谓语,根据时间状语 the past few decades“过去几十年里”可知, 使用现在完成时。故填 have relied。 2. much 考查比较级。副词 much 需要使用比较级形式 more修饰形容词 powerful“强大的”, 构成形容词比较级。故填 much。 3. and考查并列连词。动词 revolutionize“彻底改变”和 improve“改善”在从句中作并列谓语，故需要使用连词 and连接。故填 and。 4. titled考查过去分词。分析句意可知，动词 title“把…称为”在句中作定语修饰e-book“电子书”，二者构成被动关系，故使用过去分词作定语。故填 titled。 5. significant考查形容词。分析句意可知, 名词 significance“重要性”在句中作定语修饰 life-saving advice“救生建议”, 故需要改为形容词形式。故填 significant。 6. It考查代词 it。作者表示，“现在是时候开始理解和讨论人工智能的潜力了。”此句包含结构 it is time to do sth. “是做什么事的时候了”, 故需要在空格处填代词 it构成固定句型。故填It。 7. extremely考查副词。分析句意可知, 形容词 extreme“极度的”作状语修饰形容词 useful“有用的”, 应该改为副词。故填 extremely。 8. who/ that考查从属连词。分析句意可知, 此句包含定语从句修饰 teacher“老师”，且连词在从句中作主语，故应该使用 who或者 that引导定语从句。故填 who/ that。 9. puzzles考查名词复数。分析句意可知, 名词 puzzle“难题”为可数名词,在句中作宾语，前文有表示复数概念的限定词 all“所有的”修饰它，故其本身应该改为复数形式。故填 puzzles。 10. adding 考查现在分词。分析句意可知, 动词 add“增加, 补充”在句中作伴随状语，表示伴随主句动作同时发生的动作，与主语构成主动关系，故使用现在分词形式。故填 adding。 $$