Unit 19 社会热点问题-【小题突破·大题攻略】2026年高考英语培优限时练

培优限时练小题突破·英语 9.into考查介词。insight into“对…的了解”，为固定搭配。 7,C考查动词。孩组织还与Cirrus Aircraft合作，其为该组 10.and考查并列连词。between A and B在A和B之间”， 织提供资金支持。partner'“与…合作”，为及物动词。 Unit19社会热点问题 8.A考查副词。Pilots N Paws通常营救的是狗和猫，但该组 织实际上帮助所有种类的动物。 [话题词汇填空] 9.A考查动词。Pilots N Paws弥合了飞行员和想要收养动 基础默写 物的人之间的脱节。 Words 10,C考查名词。该组织的目标不是让飞行员特地去拯般动 1.野餐2.n.开拓者.开创：开辟：倡导3.adj.清楚的：简 物，而是让他们无论如何都要在乘坐的航班上带上被营救 朴的：平常的n.平原4.有毒的5.精确的：细心的6.可预 的动物。 见的7.偏爱（的食物，人）：优先权8.偏见9.准备好的 11.D考查副词。参考上题解析。regardless为副词，意为“无 10.药方：处方11.介绍，展示12.t.预习，预演n.预告片 论如何，不管怎样”。 13.原始的：落后的14，原则15.校长16.优先事项 12.C考查动词。客户需要在Pilots N Paws网站上发布动物 17.步骤：程序18.plastic19.poet20.precious21.policy 运输请求。place a request“发送请求”。 22.political 23.politics 24.pollution 25.positive 26.possess 13.A考查动词。一旦飞行员接受了一个运输请求，他们就 27.post 28.potential 29.practical 30.prediction 31.primary 会协调动物的接送事宜。 32.prisoner 33.private 34.privilege 35.product 14.B考查名词。pickup意为“接载”。 36.production 37.professional 38.professor 39.prohibit I5.C考查名词。在填写运输请求时，请求者会被询问是否愿 40.promising 41.ut.promote n.promotion 42.pressure 意将动物送到机场，这使得整个过程对飞行员而言会更加 43.previous 44.addict 45.shock 46.trend 顺利。 Phrases 二、阅读理解 47.在适当的位置48.be popular with/.among49.占有 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主题语境是人与自然。文 50.live in poverty/.live a poor life5l.熟能生巧52.praise 章介绍了如何通过改变人们的饮食习惯来帮助应对地球气候 sb.for.·53.make preparations for54.当着某人的面 变化。 55.以…的价格56.with pride57.put sb.in/send sb. l,B推理判斯题。第一较中提出问题“However,what is a to throw sb.into prison58.在过程中，在进行中59.make successful strategy to get people to consume more plant- great progress 60.make a promise based food?”,下文就这一问题进行探讨，由此可推知，作者 归纳拓展 写第一段的目的是引入话题。 1.promoted:promote:promote:promote 2.C段落大意题。第三段主要介绍了医院采取的一些策略， 2.possess:possess:possess 包括不提及“vegan'”或“vegetarian'"这类词以及将素食和纯 即学即用 素食物放在莱单的前面等。这些都是为了让人们更客易选 -,1.to promote 2.possession 3.which 4.promising 择植物性食物，从而减少肉类消费和相关的碳排放。因此第 5.smoking 三段主要关注的是研究方法。 二、1.另一个听众喜欢的谚语是“熟能生巧”。意思是你反复不 3.D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Although food is 停地做一件事，你将会擅长它。 2.I make a promise that I will write to you as soon as I get only a small percentage of hospital carbon emissions,reduc- to Beijing. ing meat in cafeteria food will reduce the carbon emissions 3.If you keep(on)practising your spoken English.you'll soon significantly..”可知，减少餐厅食物中的肉类将显著减少碳 make great progress. 排效。由此可知，为了减少与食物相关的碳排放，人们可以 4.He lived a poor life in his childhood and developed inter- 减少肉类消费。 ests in reading,calligraphy and seal cutting. 4.A标题归纳题。本文主要讨论了如何通过政变人们的饮 [话题阅谏精练] 食习惯来减少与食物相关的碳排放，其中一个策略是不提及 一、完形填空 “vegan'”或“vegetarian'”这些标签。A项符合文本主旨。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。主题语境是人与社会。为 [话题语法特训] 了把被收养的动物运输到收养者身边，慈善机构Pilots N 一、语法单句填空一动词和动词短语(1) Paws应运而生。本文主要介绍了Pilots N Paws成立的背景 L,sounded考查时态。句意：我告诉她你不能安排与她会面 及其运营。 时，地的声音听上去有些沮丧。根据后文时态可知为一般过 1.B考查动词。Debi想要收养一只狗。 去时态。此处s0und为系动词，意为“听起来”，没有被动 2.D考查形容词。Jon使她的愿望成为可能。 形式。 3,D考查名词。那时大多数动物都是在地面上运输的，但这 20考查介词。句意：他突然想起他忘了带公文包了。此处 两个人有通过飞机运输动物的想法。 为句型：It oceurs to sh.that.,意为“某人突然想到…”， 4,B考查动词短语。于是，Pilots N Paws成立了。 occur为不及物动词。 5.A考查动词。自成立以来，已有超过20万只动物获枚。 3.0f考查介词。句意：除了一小组受薪员工外，这个组织里 6.B考查动词。Pilots N Paws规模不断社大，现已包含超过 都是不领报酬的志愿者。consist of意为“由…组成”，con 6000名飞行员。 sist为不及物动词。 156 参考答案 4.0考查介词。句意：出乎意料的是，老板没有责怪他，反而 注意：nd连接并列的不定式作表语，第二个不定式中的to 送了一本关于航空的书给尼克。此处gve为及物动词，可 承前省略了。故填o construct。 以跟双宾语，即give sb,.sth.或者give sth.tosb.。 7.officially考查副词。句意：2021年4月，国家正式启动了 5.doesn't stop考查时态。句意：雨再不停，明天的比赛就要 空间站在轨建设，发射了核心舱天河。分析句子结构可知， 成问题了。此句为「引导的条件状语从句，从句应为一般 空处修饰动词短语kicked off,应用所给词的副词形式。故 现在时态。由于是否定，应借助于助动词doesn't。 填officially。 6.belonging考查非谓语动词。句意：爱屋及乌，如果你爱一 8.have overcome考查时态。句意：“到目前为止，我们已经 个人，你要爱他的全部。此处为现在分词作后置定语，由于 克服了许多技术难题，”中国首位“太空旅行者”杨利伟表示。 belong是不及物动词，没有被动形式，故用belonging,相当 根据时间状语“Until now”可知，本句用现在完成时，主语是 于定语从句which belongs to him, we,助动词应用have。故填have overcome 7.arranged考查非谓语动词。句意：这家珠宝店的老板很高 9.traveler/traveller考查名诃。句意：“到月前为止，我们已 兴看到钻石项链和成指漂亮地摆放在黑色天鹅绒的背景上 经克服了许多技术难题，”中国首位“太空旅行者”杨利伟表 此处为see sth.done结构。arranged为及物动词，意为“排 示。此处指中国的第一位“太空放行者”，应用名词单数 列，布置”。 traveler/traveller,故填traveler'traveller。 8.0n考查动词短语。句意：儿子问父亲，为什么变色龙能够 10.A考查冠词。句意：种舟十二号、神舟十三号，种舟十四 呈现它背景的颜色。take on意为“呈现”， 号和神舟十五号四皱飞船上共有十二名宇航员参与了空间 9.to figure考查非谓语动词，句意：由于目前形式比较复 站的在轨建设。a total0f意为“共有…”。空处位于句 杂，我认为我要花费一些时间来并清荧事实。figure out并 首，单词首宇母应大写。故填A 清楚。此处为it takes sb.some time to do sth,句型，动词不 Unit20政治/历史事件即文化渊源/遗产 定式作真正的主语。 10.s考查时态。句意：当阔叶植物受到攻击时，它不会静静 [话题词汇填空] 地坐着。根据主句为一般现在时，从句也应为一般现在时。 基础默写 二、语法填空 Words 【语篇导读】本文是说明文，本文简要介绍了中国航天事业的 1.财产：所有权2.废墟3.前途，前景4.成功，繁荣5.原始的 发展历程及现状。 6.蛋白质7.心理学家8.出版物9.关注，宜传10.脉搏 11.标点符号12.购买13.追求14.资格，资格证书 1.busier考查形容词比较级。句意：随着神舟十五号发射升 15.问卷调查16.引语17.放射，辐射18.比例：比率 空完成建设的最后阶段，并启动了应用和开发的第一阶段， 19.未加工的：生的20.回忆：召回21.收据，收条22.接待： 中国的空间站天官将在未来几年比以往更加忙于探索空间 科学和技术。由句中的“get”和“than before”可知，空处应用 招待会23.处方：秘诀：食谱24.长方形25.消遣，娱乐 26.裁判员27.提及：参考28.映像：反射：思考29.退款 形容词比较级。故填busier。 30.地区：范围31.幸存32.proposal33.protest34.punctual 2.sent考查非谓语动词。句意：随着种舟十五号发射升空究 35.puzzled:puzzling 36.qualified 37.quarrel 38.quantity 成建设的最后阶段，并启动了应用和开发的第一阶段，中国 39.quality 40.racial 41.recovery 42.reality;realistic;un- 的空间站天宫将在未来几年比以往更加忙于探索空间科学 realistic 43.reasonable:reasonably:unreasonable 和技术。分析句子结构可知，5引导的状语从句中有谓语 44.recognize(s)e:recognition 45.recycle 46.refresh finishes和kicks off,前后无连词，此处作非谓语。send与 Phrases Shenzhou15之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后 47.be proud of/take pride in 48.in public 49.pull over:pull in 置定语。故填sent。 50.on purpose 51.put aside 52.put forward 53.put off 3.was started考查时态和语态。句意：1992年，中国启动了 54.灭火55.忍受56.毫无疑问57.不可能：办不到：无法 “三步走”战略，以改善其我人航天计划，当时建造空间站仍 接受58.jump a queue59.quit a job/quit school60.更确 是中国的梦想。根据时间状语“in1992”可知，此处应用一 切地说6L.文化遗产62.belong to63.date back to/from 般过去时。stnt与主语是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被 64.have a history of65.protect..,.from.,66.过去的文明 动语态，主语是单数，be动词应用was。故填was started。 67.奇迹之一68.历史遗产69.旅游胜地70.优秀民间艺术 4.whn考查定语从句。句意：1992年，中国启动了“三步走” 归纳拓展 战略，以改善其载人航天计划，当时建造空间站仍是中国的 1.recognized:recognized:recognize:recognized 梦想。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰表示时 2.put aside:put,aside:put aside 间的先行词1992，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副 即学即用 词when引导。故填when, -,1.to purchase 2.a 3.puzzled 4.qualified 5.reasonable 5.0「考查介词。句意：将宇航员送入太空并确保他们安全返 1.John is recognized as the best footballer in the school. 回是第一步。make sure of sth.“确保某事”，是固定搭配，故 2.I take pride in helping others when they are in trouble. 填of。 3.The students have put forward a series of questions 6.to construct考查非谓语动词。句意：第三步是建造和运营 so far. 一个永久性的载人空间站。根据语境可知，空处是非谓语动 4.If I were you I would out of question accept the challenge 词作表语：结合空后的“and operate'”可知，空处应用不定式 without the least hesitation. 157话题五 历史、社会与文化 Unit 19 社会热点问题 [话题词汇填空] 38. n.教授：（大学的）讲师，教员 [基础默写] 39. l.禁止：阻止，使不可能 Words 40. adj.有希望的：有前途的 1.picnic n. 41. .促进；推动；提升 n.提升 2.pioneer n. V. 42. n.压力；挤压；压强；催促；强迫；紧张 3.plain adj. 43. adm.在…之前adj.先前的；以前的 4.poisonous adj. 44. n.瘾君子：对…人迷的人 5.precise adj. 45. n.震惊：令人震惊的事：休克：剧烈震动 6.predictable adj. 46. n.趋势，倾向：规范；风尚 7.preference n. 作 Phrases 8.prejudice n. 47.in place 业 9.prepared adj. 48. 为…喜欢：受…欢迎 10.prescription n. 49.in possession of/take possession of 11.presentation n. 司 12.preview ut. 50. 过着贫困的生活 13.primitive adj. 51.practice makes perfect 14.principle n. 52. 因…赞扬某人 15.principal n. 53. 为…做准备 16.priority n. 54.in the presence of sb. 线 17.procedure n. 55.at the price of 18 ad.塑料制的：可塑的：做作的：虚伪的 56. 自豪地 19. n.诗人 57. 20. ad山.宝贵的：珍贵的：珍稀的：被珍惜的 把某人关进监狱 21. n.政策：方针；原则：为人之道：保险单 58.in the process 22. ad.政治上的：政府的：政权的；政党的 59 取得巨大进步 23. n.政治：权术：政治信仰：政治学 60. 做出承诺 24. 1.污染；污染物 [归纳拓展] 25. adj.积极的：正面的：明确的：完全的 26. u.拥有：具备：控制：使言行失常 1.promote.促进：推动：促销；推销；提升：晋升 27. .职位；邮件u.张贴：邮寄：派驻：发布 The area is being as a tourist destination. 28. adj.潜在的：可能的 这个地区正被推广为旅游景点。 29. ad.实用的，可实施的：实际的：明智的 If you keep your nose clean,the boss might 30. n.预言：预告：预测 you. 31. adj,主要的：基本的：首要的：初等的 如果你行为规矩，老板可能会提升你。 32. n.囚犯：俘虏：为…所困的人 The meeting discussed how to coopera- 33. adj.私人的：私用的：私营的：私下的 tion between the two countries. 34. .特权，特殊待遇；荣幸；优惠 会议讨论了如何促进两国的合作。 35. n.产品：产物：结果：乘积 You don't have to sacrifice environmental pro- 36. n.生产：制造：制作：产量；产生；形成 tection to economic growth. 37. ad.专业的：职业的：专门从事的 不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。 75 培优限时练小题突破·英语 【联想】promotion n.提升；提拔：晋升：（体育运 keep指长时间地持有，保存某物，防止别人占 动队的)晋级，升级：促销活动：广告宣传 去，强调安全和感情上的依附。 promotional adj.增进的：促销的 [即学即用] promoter n.赞助人；发起者 2.possess.有；拥有；具有（特质）；支配；控制 一，阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括 To have another language is to a sec- 号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 ond soul. 1.The supermarkets had to lower the prices 掌握另一门语言就是拥有第二个灵魂。 promote)sales. Different workers different skills. 2.Mary left her most precious pos- 不同的工作者有不同的技能。 sess)-a small bookcase-to her niece. They are rich who friends. 3.America has also produced jazz, is pop- 有友者富。 ular with all age groups all over the world. 【搭配】possess sth.=be possess of sth.拥有 4.After (promise)to keep the book for me,he 某物 broke his word and sold it to someone else. possess oneself of sth.使某人拥有某物 5.The governments pass laws to limit tobacco pro- 【联想】possession n,具有：拥有：个人财产；私 duction and prohibit (smoke)in public 人物品：控球状态 places. be)in possession of...;get/take possession 二、翻译句子 o..拥有/占有 1.Another favorite proverb among our listeners is (be)in the possession of sb.为某人所拥有 ‘Practice makes perfect.’This means you will come into the possession of sb.落入某人手中 become good at something if you keep doing it. People had lost their homes and all their possessions. 人们失去了自己的家园和所有的财物。 【辨异】have,hold,own,possess,keep区别 2.我许诺，我一到北京就给你写信。(promise) 这些动词均有“有，具有，持有”之意。 have为最常用的词，可指任何情况下的具有，无 论是物质的或精神的。 3.如果你坚持练习英语口语，你很快就会取得很大 hold指拥有并保持财产或持有见解等，暗示不让 的进步。 别人拿走或占有。 own不及possess正式，多指所属关系，强调所有 权，不管所属物是否在物主手中。 4.他幼年时生活清苦，酷爱读书，喜欢书法和篆刻。 possess较正式，指拥有或占有并能加以控制与 (live a life) 支配，强调其归属：也指具有某种品质、才能、特 点或性能等。 [话题阅读精练] 一、完形填空 animals via 3.Thus,Pilots N Paws 4 Pilots Fifteen years ago,Pilots N Paws was founded by N Paws is a nonprofit organization that works with pi- Debi,an animal lover,and Jon,a pilot.Debi wanted to lots all throughout the United States.Since its founda- 1 a dog from a shelter and needed to get it from tion,more than 200,000 animals have been 5.The Florida to South Carolina,so Jon helped her make it Pilots N Paws pilot network has grown to 6 over 2.Most animals were transported on the ground 6,000 pilots.The organization also 7 Cirrus Air- back then,but the two had the idea of transporting the craft,who supports it financially. 76 话题五 历史、社会与文化 Though Pilots N Paws 8 transports dogs 14.A.giveaway B.pickup and cats,the organization has actually helped all C.takeover D.turnaround 00 kinds of animals.Pilots have flown dolphins,a ba- 15.A.communication B.search by bear badly burned in a wildfire,eagles,and C.process D.landing snakes. 二、阅读理解 Pilots N Paws 9 the gap between the pi- We have all heard that reducing meat and lot and the person wanting to adopt the animal. dairy(乳制品的)consumption is an important be The 10 is not to make the pilots go signifi- havioral change that can help with our planet's cli- cantly out of their way to save an animal,but rath- mate.However,what is a successful strategy to get er to have them rescue the animal on a flight they people to consume more plant-based food? would take 11 The customer needing trans- Brigham and Women's Faulkner Hospital has portation of an animal has to 12 a request on an answer.They pioneered a vegetarian/vegan op- the Pilots N Paws website,and the pilots can view tion to reduce climate change.Faulkner is among the requests like a forum.Once a pilot 13 one, the 60 hospitals,universities,major companies,and they coordinate(协调)theI4 of the animal. cities that have signed an international pledge( When filling out a transport request,the requester if)to reduce food-related greenhouse gas emis- 业 is asked if they are willing to drive the animal to sions(排放)by25%by2030. the airport,making the 15 much smoother for The hospital focused on the benefits of the in- 时the pilots.. gredients in the dish rather than mention "vegan" 1.A.examine or"vegetarian"in the name of any dishes on the 可 B.adopt C.identify D.film hospital cafeteria menu.Another strategy that has 沿2.A.legal B.necessary been experimented with is the order of foods.For ,1 C.clear D.possible example,putting vegan and vegetarian foods before 此3.A.car B.boat the ones containing meat urges the patients to take 1 线 C.bus D.plane plant-based foods first. 4.A.caught on B.came into being Through the research,the hospital has found that 裁 C.broke down D.held the lead vegan and vegetarian labeled foods tend to categorize 5.A.rescued B.dismissed foods and attract only a certain number of the hospital's C.trained D.maintained patients.Much like other labels,vegan and vegetarian 6.A.affect B.include foods have been left out of the diets of people who don't C.assist D.appoint have any dietary restrictions. 7.A.trusts B.defends Although food is only a small percentage of C.partners D.controls hospital carbon emissions,reducing meat in cafete- 8.A.typically B.rarely ria food will reduce the carbon emissions signifi- C.temporarily D.secretly cantly.Additionally,vegan and vegetarian diets 9.A.bridges B.mixes will help diversify people's diets,increasing their C.widens D.explores intake of healthful fiber,vitamins,and other micro- 10.A.advice B.assumption nutrients.Adding fish to their menu in the future C.objective D.problem is another good option since it can be sustainably 11.A.instead B.otherwise fished. C.away D.regardless Since starting the pledge,the hospital has seen 12.A.choose B.receive a 2.2%decrease in total emissions per calorie.This C.place D.consider result of this strategy matches a similar study from 13.A.accepts B.describes MIT and could change what we think of plant- C.repeats D.submits based foods. 77 培优限时练小题突破·英语 1.What is the author's purpose in writing paragraph 1? A.limit the food intake A.To make a comparison. B.change diets frequently B.To lead in the topic. C.avoid fish in the diet C.To provide background information. D.reduce meat consumption D.To introduce a new theory. 4.Which is the best title for the text? 2.What aspect of the research is paragraph 3 main- A.Do Labels Impact How We Eat? ly about? B.A Tendency Toward Labeled Foods Does Exist A.Its target B.Its findings C.Plant-Based Foods-the Best Choice for Your C.Its methods. D.Its influence. Health 3.To reduce food-related carbon emissions,one can D.Does Going on a Green Diet Reduce Green- house Gas Emissions? [话题语法特训] 一、语法单句填空一动词和动词短语(1) the following years than before,as Shenzhou-15 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求， 2 (send)into space finishes the last stage of 在空白处填入1个单词或用括号中词语的正确形 its construction and kicks off the first stage of its 式填空。 application and development. 1.She sound upset when I said you A“three-step'”strategy3_(start)by Chi- couldn't give her an appointment. na to improve its human space program in 1992 2.It occurred him that he had forgotten to take his briefcase. 4 constructing a space station was still a 3.Apart from a small team of paid staff,the organ- dream for China.Sending astronauts into space and isation consists unpaid volunteers. making sure 5 their safe return was the first 4.To his surprise,the boss didn't blame him.Instead,he step.Developing advanced space flight techniques gave a book about aviation Nick. and technologies was the second step.The third 5.If the rain (not stop),I doubt if we can step is 6 (construct)and operate a permanent have the game tomorrow. manned space station. 6.Love me,love my dog.If you love any one,you In April 2021,the country kicked off the in- will like all (belong)to him. orbit construction of its space station 7 (offi- 7.The owner of the jewelry shop was happy to see diamond necklaces and rings beautifully cial)by launching the core module(核心舱)Tian (arrange)on a background of black velvet. he,.“Until now,we8(overcome）many tech 8.The son asks his dad why the chameleon(变色 nical difficulties,"said Yang Liwei,China's first 龙)can take the color of its back- “space9(travel)”,His space flight marked a ground. historic moment:China was now the third nation 9.Since the present situation is very complex,I in the world capable of developing and launching a think it will take me some time (fig- manned space vehicle. ure)out its reality. 10 total of 12 astronauts on four space- 10.When a leafy plant (be)under attack, ships-Shenzhou-12,Shenzhou-13,Shenzhou-14, it doesn't sit quietly. 二、语法填空 and Shenzhou-15-have participated in the in-orbit 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个单词或括号 construction of the space station. 内单词的正确形式。 2. 3. China's space station,Tiangong,will get 1 5. 6. (busy)exploring space science and technology in 9. 10. 78