Unit 1 个人与家庭生活-【小题突破·大题攻略】2026年高考英语培优限时练

话题一 生活与学习 话题一 生活写学 Unit1个人与家庭生话 [话题词汇填空] 35. n.摩擦，摩擦力：冲突 [基础默写] 36. adj.友好的：友善的 Words 37. t.原谅：饶恕，宽恕 1. l.抛弃，舍弃，放弃，丢弃：遗弃：离弃 38. 2.代：世代：一代人 2 ,虐待，伤害：辱骂，诋毁：滥用，妄用 39. adj.感激的，感谢的：令人愉快的 3. l.陪伴：陪同：伴奏；伴随发生 40. n.和睦，和谐；协调：调和：相符一致 n,相识（的人）：熟人：相识，了解 41. adj.和谐的，协调的；一致的 作5. ad.值得赞赏的：可软佩的：钦佩的 42. n.(中小学)校长 老 比.收养，领养：采用，采取：通过 43. n.班主任：（中小学）校长 .祖宗；祖先；最初之物；起源：先驱 44. n.一家人：家庭：同住一所房子的人 时 8. 心.欣赏：感激；赏识，鉴赏：意识到 45. 几.年幼者：低年级学生 9. vi.争辩，争论；辩论，说服；主张 46. adi,宽大的：仁慈的：宽大的 10 n.争论，辩论，争辩：论点，论据，理由 47. l.误会：不理解；误解 11. .使联合；使发生联系，把…联想 沿 48. adj.谦虚的：谦逊的：有礼貌的 在一起 49. n.社区：街坊：邻里，附近一带，近邻 12. .态度：意见：看法：判断 50. 2.侄子：外甥 13. n.屏障，障碍（物），关卡；栅栏：检票口 51. n.伙伴：搭档：同伴：配偶 14. ad.有利的，有帮助的，有用的 52. n.(13~19岁的)青少年 15. .益处，好处：u.受益，得益：有益于 adj,有耐心的；能忍耐的；有能耐的 16. 心.打扰：麻烦：烦扰：迷惑：烦恼 53. 54. ad.耐心地：有毅力地：有能耐地 17. 比.责备，指责：把…归咎于 18. .新娘 55. adu.礼貌地，客气地 19. n.新郎 56. adj.珍贵的，宝贵的 20. 以.埋葬；埋藏，隐藏；遮盖 57. n.偏见，成见：侵害 21. adj.关系亲密的：靠近的：紧密的 58. adj.私人的：个人的：私有的：秘密的： 22. n.同伴：同事：伴侣：朋友 私立的 23. .抱怨，发牢骚：投诉 59. t.促进：提升：推动，发扬：宜传 24. t.谴责，指责：宣判，判以死刑 60. n.&vi.争吵：吵架：口角 25. n.冲突：（意见）不和：争执：争论 61. n.亲戚：亲属 26. t.祝贺 62. n.关系，联系，关联 27. n.祝贺，庆贺 63 ad.可信赖的，可靠的 28. n.良心：良知：道义感 64. ,尊重：尊敬：遵守n.敬意 29. i.合作，协作 ad.恭橄的，有礼貌的 30. 2.同事：同僚 66. n.年长者：高年级学生；上司 3L. vl.使离婚：断绝关系 67. .使分离，分开：分割：划分 32. .管理；指挥；导演 68. l.分享；合用：分摊n.股份：份额 33. adj.热情的：热烈的；热心的 69. adj.真诚的：诚挚的：真实的 34. aj,熟悉的，常见的；通晓的，谙熟的 70. n.紧张局势（或关系、状况）：拉紧状态 培优限时练小题突破·英语 Phrases 如： 71.a lack of understanding She was warmly 她受到热情接待。 72.be concerned for/about 2.adjust.调整；调节；适应；习惯；整理 73.be familiar to He smoothed his hair and his tie. 74.be in harmony with... 他捋平头发，整了整领带。 75.be on good terms 【辨异】adapt与adjust的区别 76.be tolerant with 两者均有“使适合，适应”之意。adapt指“修改或 77.be to blame 改变以适应新条件”，强调改变的目的和重要性。 78.break up adjust与adapt含义很接近，但adjust指“调整” 79.bring up “调节”使之适应，所改变的幅度要小一些，侧重 80.care for 过程，主要用于调整角度、高度、光点等。 81. 依靠，相信，信赖：凭借 You should yourself to the new envi- 82. 与…相适应/合得来 ronment. 83. 与某人相处融洽 你应该适应新环境。 84. 与…取得联系 You can't see through the telescope until it is 85. 出毛病；失败：弄错：发生故障 to your eyes. 86. 有共同之处 你把望远镜调节到适合你的目光之后，你才看得见。 87. 与…发生口角 88. 保持冷静，保持镇定 [即学即用] 89. 与…保持联系 一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括 90. 鄙视，看不起：轻视：俯视 号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 91.make up 1.This kind of desk can be adjusted the [归纳拓展] height you need. 2.I had to keep the video camera readily l.accept”.收受；接受（建议、邀请等）：（认为合适 (access)in case I saw something that needed to 或足够好而)接受；同意：认可 be filmed. They offered her a job,and she without 3.This adapt)perfectly captures the hesitation. spirit of Kurt Vonnegut's novel. 他们提出给她一份工作，她毫不犹豫地接受了。 4.The government will provide temporary For a long time,he simply could not (accommodate)for up to three thousand people. that she was dead. 5.Even as a child,Wang Xizhi was (ab 在很长一段时间里，他就是无法接受她死了的事实。 sorb)in practising his calligraphy that he would It's that the universe is endless. often forget to eat. 众所周知宇宙是无穷尽的。 二、翻译句子 I finally to work with them. l.你应该积极参加你们学校的运动会。(take part in) 我最后同意和他们一起工作。 【辨异】accept与receive的区别 2.怀特夫人听说自己的儿子被哈佛大学录取了，脸 (I)receive通常指被动地“收到”或“接到”，而ac 上显出非常高兴的样子。(admit) cept则指主动地“接受”。如： She his present,but she didn't accept 3.孩子一旦对这些游戏上了瘾，就不会再去烦他们 t,她收到了他的礼物，但是没有接受。 的父母了。(be addicted to) 【搭配】“接受礼物”说成英语是accept a gift, “接受教育”却是receive an education。 4.别责怪他，他毕竞还是个孩子。(after all) (2)表示“接见”“接待”时，要用receive而不用 accept。 话题一生活与学习 话题阅读精练] 一、完形填空 9.A.thrilled B.shocked (2024·河北省部分学校调研)1 lost my sight C.amused D.hurt when I was four.I can hardly 1 the brightness 10.A.satisfied B.urged of sunshine. C.questioned D.begged It 2 to me that I might not have loved life 11.A.stuck B.passed so much if I hadn't been blind.I don't mean I would C.followed D.buried prefer to go without eyes.I 3 mean the loss of them 12.A.useless B.fantastic made me more appreciate what I have. C.discouraging D.impossible Life asks a continuous series of 4 to real- 13.A.faults B.scores ity.The hardest lesson was to 5 myself.When C.advantages D.limitations I say "belief in myself",I am not only talking about 14.A.failure B.burden 交 the kind of self-confidence that helps me down an C.ignorance D.trouble unfamiliar staircase alone.But I mean something 15.A.profit B.fame 6 than that:an assurance that I am,7 im- C.progress D.record 业 perfections,a real and positive person.It took me 二、阅读理解 years to discover and 8 this assurance. (2024·新课标I卷)“I am not crazy,”says 时 Once a man gave me a baseball.I thought he Dr.William Farber,shortly after performing acu- was kidding me.I was 9 and refused. puncture(针灸)on a rabbit..“I am ahead of my 可 “Take it with you,”hel0me,“and roll it time."If he seems a little defensive,it might be around.” because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.But Farber is certain The words 11 in my head.By rolling the ball, Icould listen where it went.This inspired me to achieve he'll have the last laugh.He's one of a small but 线 a goal I had thought 12 playing baseball. growing number of American veterinarians ( now practicing“holistic”medicine一combining All my life,I have set different goals and tried traditional Western treatments with acupuncture. 载 to reach them.I had to learn my 13 It was no chiropractic(按摩疗法)and herbal medicine.. good trying for something wildly out of reach,be- 下 Farber,a graduate of Colorado State Universi- cause that only invited the bitterness of 14.I ty,started out as a more conventional veterinarian. would fail sometimes but on average I made 15. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 1.A.describe B.remember years ago when he suffered from terrible back C.assess D.bear pain.He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found lit- 2.A.mattered B.happened tle relief.Then he tried acupuncture,an ancient C.occurred D.brought Chinese practice,and was amazed that he improved 3.A.barely B.specially after two or three treatments.What worked on a C.simply D.extremely veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. 4.A.adjustments B.commitments So,after studying the techniques for a couple of C.appointments D.assignments years,he began offering them to pets. 5.A.apply to B.rely on Leigh Tindale's dog Charlie had a serious heart C.believe in D.disapprove of condition.After Charlie had a heart attack,Tindale says, 6.A.faster B.bigger she was prepared to put him to sleep,but Farber's treat- C.easier D.better ments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was a- 7.A.in spite of B.in addition to ble to keep him alive for an additional five months.And C.out of D.for the sake of Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse,Nappy,"moves 8.A.change B.strengthen more easily and rides more comfortably"after a chiro- C.create D.decrease practic adjustment. 培优限时练小题突破·英语 Farber is certain that the holistic approach will C.He benefited from it as a patient. grow more popular with time,and if the past is any indi- D.He wanted to save money for pet owners. cation,he may be right:Since 1982,membership in the 3.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has A.Steps of a chiropractic treatment. grown from 30 to over 700."Sometimes it surprises me B.The complexity of veterinarians'work. that it works so well,"he says."I will do anything to C.Examples of rare animal diseases. help an animal.That's my job." D.The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 1.What do some of Farber's coworkers think of him? 4.Why does the author mention the American Ho A.He's odd. B.He's strict. listic Veterinary Medical Association? C.He's brave. D.He's rude. A.To prove Farber's point. 2.Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? B.To emphasize its importance. A.He was trained in it at university. C.To praise veterinarians. B.He was inspired by another veterinarian. D.To advocate animal protection. [话题语法特训] 一、语法单句填空一构词法（前缀） The West Lake is divided into five sections by 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求， a mountain 1 three causeways(堤坝).Three 用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 islands stand in the lake.Two pagodas (face 1.He's a slow runner which is a (advan- each other across the lake.It is a perfect place for tage)for a footballer. visitors 2 (experience)the lifestyle of local 2.He threw it aside with an patient people. gesture and walked off. Su Causeway is one of the best-known sites of 3.I think the whole thing is very (fair) the West Lake.It is a long causeway with willow and if I may say so I think it's very sexist. trees and other plants 3 either side.When 4.We had an (formal)party at a hotel, spring comes,the causeway is blanketed by peach and people just flooded in. blossoms and willow catkins(柳絮)，4(cre 5.After the earthquake,the people set about ate)an especially beautiful scene. (build)their homes. Three Pools Mirroring the Moon is perhaps 6.We want to courage)people to go the most famous.Its image 5 (print)on the fishing,not put them off. one yuan banknotes.On the night of the Mid-Au- 7.If you are willing)to do something, tumn Festival,6 the moon shines full and you do not want to do it and will not agree to do it. bright in the sky,a candle is lit inside each of the 8.It is illegal and could (danger)other three pagodas on the water.The light from the pa- people's lives. goda windows and the moon 7 (cast)their re- 9.We'd better (large)the reading room by flection on the water,hence the name. knocking through between the two small rooms. Leifeng Pagoda is the oldest 8 (color) 10.If you've ever been on a fishing boat,you've proba- bronze pagoda in China.On the top of it,tourists bly seen crowds of birds following it,hoping to can enjoy the whole view of the West Lake,partic- catch a snack.Now scientists use those birds'be- ularly when the sunset shines over the pagoda.It is havior to track (legal)fishing boats. also 9 ideal place for photographing 二、语法填空 To admire the lake's beauty,visitors can walk 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个单词或括号 around it.This way,you can experience 10 内单词的正确形式。 (much)of nature. The West Lake,a symbolic attraction in Han- 2. gzhou,is regarded as one of the most fascinating 5. sights in China. 9. 10.参考答案 参考答案 话题一生活与学习 1.B根据第一句I lost my sight when I was four.可知，作者 四岁就失明了，所以应该不记得阳光的灿烂。 2.C句意：我突然想到，如果我没有失明，我可能不会如此热 Unit 1 个人与家庭生话 爱生活。根据句意可知，此处考查固定句型：It occurs to [话题词汇填空] somebody that某人突然想到…。 基础默写 3.C根据上文1don't mean I would prefer to go without Words eyes.可知，这里作者只是说失去它们让作者更加珍惜所拥 1.abandon 2.abuse 3.accompany 4.acquaintance 有的。 5.admirable 6.adopt 7.ancestor 8.appreciate 4,A根据空后t0 reality可知，此处指适应现实。 9.argue 10.argument 11.associate 12.attitude 5.C根据下文When I say“belief in myself'"可知，此处指相 13.barrier 14.beneficial 15.benefit 16,bother 信自己。 17.blame 18.bride 19.bridegroom 20.bury 21.close 6.B根据上文When I say“belief in myself”,I am not only 22.companion 23.complain 24.condemn 25.conflict talking about the kind of self-confidence that helps me down 26.congratulate 27.congratulation 28.conscience an unfamiliar staircase alone,.和空后的内容可知，作者认为 29.cooperate 30.colleague 31.divorce 32.direct 虽然自己有缺陷，但却是一个真正的、积极的人，这是比帮助 33.enthusiastic 34.familiar 35.friction 36.friendly 作者独自走下陌生楼梯的那种自信更伟大的东西。 37.forgive 38.generation 39.grateful 40.harmony 7.A空后imperfections和a real and positive person之间是让步 41.harmonious 42.headmaster 43.headteacher 转折关系。 44.household 45.junior 46.merciful 47.misunderstand 8.B根据句意和空前discover可知，作者找到这种信念后，应 48.modest 49.neighbourhood 50.nephew 51.partner 该是再加强这种信念。 52.teenager 53.patient 54.patiently 55.politely 9.D根据上文I thought he was kidding me,可知，作者总觉 56.precious 57.prejudice 58.private 59.promote 受到了伤害。 60.quarrel 61.relative 62.relationship 63.reliable I0.B根据上文refused和设空前后的内容可知，在作者拒绝 64.respect 65.respectful 66.senior 67.separate 后，那个人还是竭力劝作者。 68.share 69.sincere 70.tension ll.A根据下文By rolling the ball,I could listen where it Phrases went.可知，作者按照那个人的要求去做了，所以此处指作 71缺乏理解72.对…担心/关心73.为…所熟悉 者记住了那个人说的话。stick in one's head意为“铭记在 74.与…和谐相处/协调75.（与某人）关系好76.包容 心” 77.应受责备78，分手：解散：结求79，养育：抚养；教有 12.D根据上文内容可知，作者四岁失明，所以作者原以为自 80.81.depend/rely on 82.fit in with 83.get on/ 己不可能打棒球。 along well with sb.84.get in touch with 85.go wrong 13.D根据作者失明的事实和下文It was no good trying for 86.have...in common 87.have words with 88.keep cool something wildly out of reach可知，此处指必须认识到自 89.keep in touch with 90.look down upon/on 91. 己的局限性。 归纳拓展 l4,A根据上文trying for something wildly out of reach可 1.accepted:accept:accepted:accepted:received:received 知，作者认为做一些遥不可及的事情只会招致失败的痛苦。 2.adjusted:adapt:adjusted l5.C根据fail sometimes与but表转折可知，作者也取得进 即学即用 步(make progress), -.1.to 2.accessible 3.adaptation 4.accommodation 二、阅读理解 5.absorbed 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。美国善医William Farber C.1.You should take an active part in the sports meeting in 因背痛尝试中医针灸治疗，之后病症得到鍰解，然后他把针灸 your school. 按摩疗法，草药和传统西医治疗相结合用于治疗动物。 2.Her face expressed great joy when Mrs White knew that L.A理解观，点、态度。根据第一段中的“some of his cowork- her son had been admitted to Harvad. ers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods'”可知，Farber 3.Once the children are addicted to these games,they will 的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的治疗方法，再结合第一段 leave their parents alone. 中Farber的话“I am not erazy”可知，Farber的一些同事认 4.Don't blame him.After all,he's only a child 为他很奇怪。故选A项。B项“他严格”：C项“他明敢”：D [话题阃读精练] 项“他祖鲁” 一、完形填空 2.C理解具休信息。根据第二段中的“He became interested 【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在失 in alternative treatments...What worked on a veterinarian 明之后是如何重新找到自信，不断取得进步的故事， seemed likely to work on his patients”可知，Farber尝试针灸 123 培优限时练小题突破·英语 治疗之后背痛得到了缓解，所以他认为针灸治疗似乎也可以 2.to experience考查非谓语动词。句意：这里是游客体验当 应用到宠物身上，也就是说他自己作为病人从针灸治疗中莪 地人生活方式的绝佳场所。分析句子结构可知，“for visi- 得了益处，所以决定把针灸应用到宠物身上。故选C。A项 tors (experience)the lifestyle of local people" “他在大学受过针灸训练”：B项“他受到了另一位兽医的启 语修饰place,place后道常用不定式作定语。故填toex灯erience。 发”：D项“他想为宠物主人省钱”。 3.0n考查介词。句意：这是一条长提，两边种看柳树和其他 3,D理解段落主旨要义。本段主要介绍了两个动物经过 植物。分析句子结构可知，此处考查国定短语：on either Farber的治疗后，病情有所好转。由此可知，本段主要介绍 side意为“两边”。故填on。 了Farber的“针灸、按摩疗法、草药和传统西医治疗相结合” 4.creating考查非谓语动词。句意：春天来临时，长提被桃花 的整体医学所取得的数果。故选D。A项“按摩疗法的步 和柳絮覆盖，形成特别美丽的景色。分析句子结构可知，本 骤”：B项“兽医工作的复杂性”：C项“罕见动物疾病示例”。 句已有谓语动词is blanketed,所以create用非谓语形式，此 4.A理解日的.根据题千中的“American Holistic Veterina 处应该用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填 ry Medical Association”可将答案定位至最后一段。“Since creating。 1982.,grown from30 to over700”具体解释上文中的“he 5.is printed考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：它的形象 past”,所以作者提到该组织是为了证明冒号前所说的“he 被印在一元纸币上。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动 may be right”,即为了证明Farber的观点是正确的。故选 词，所以print作本句谓语，它和主语image之间是被动关 A。B项“为了强调它的重要性”：C项“为了赞扬兽医”：D项 系，所以应该用被动语态，描递的是客观事实，用一般现在 “为了提倡动物保护”。 时，主语image为第三人称单数。故填is printed。 [话题语法特训] 6.when考查定语从句关系词。句意：在中秋节的夜晚，月亮 一、语法单句填空一构词法（前缀） 挂在空中，又园又亮，水面上的三座宝塔内各点着一支蜡烛。 L.disadvantage考查名词构词。句意：他跑得不快，不利于踢 分析句子结构可知，空处引导的非限制性定语从句，从句结 足球。根据句意可知。disadvantage意为“劣势” 构完整，应用关系副词，先行词the night of the Mid-Autumn 2.impatient考查形客词构词。句意：他不耐烦地把它扔到一 Festival,.在从句中作时间状语用关系副词when引导定语从 边，然后走开了。根据句意可知。impatient意为"不耐顷的”。 句。故填when. 3.unfair考查形容词构词。句意：我认为整件事情非常不公 7,cs1考查时态和主谓一致。句意：来自塔窗的光线和月亮 平，而且怒我直言，我觉得这是非常严重的性别歧视。根据 倒影在水面上，因此得名。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓 句意可知。unfair意为“不公平的”。 语动词，所以cast作本句谓语，与主语“The light from the 4.informal考查形容词构词。句意：我们在宾馆举行了一个 pagoda windows and the moon”是主动关系，且主语为复数， 非正式的晚会，人们蜂拥而至。根据句意以及空前冠词a 描述现在的事实用一般现在时。故填cast。 可知。informal意为“非正式的”。 8.colored考查形客词。句意：雷峰塔是中国最古老的彩色铜 5,rebuilding考查动词构词。句意：地震过后，人们开始重建 塔。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰空后的名词pgOa,所以 家园。根据空前set about中about为介词可知，用动名词形 应该用形客词修饰，color的形容词是colored“有色的：彩色 式。rebuild意为“重建”。 的”特合句意。故填colored。 6.encourage考查动词构词。句意：我们希望鼓励人们去垂 9.n考查冠词。句意：它也是一个理想的摄影场所。分析句 钓，而不是打消他们的热情。根据句意判断和wat后面跟 子结构可知，place是可数名词，根据句意，此处表示泛指，所 动词不定式可知。encourage意为“鼓励”。 以空前应用不定冠词修饰，空后的ideal是元音音素开头，用 T.unwilling考查形客词构词。句意：如某你不愿意做某事， 你就是不想做，也不会同意去做。根据句意可知。unwilling 不定冠词an。故填an。 意为“不情愿的：不愿意的”。 I0.moe考查代词。句意：这样，你可以体验更多的自然 8.endanger考查动词构词。句意：这是非法的，可能会危及 分析句意可知，此处表达“更多”之意，所以应用固定短语 他人的生命。根据句意和空前情态动词could可知。endan- more of.。故填more。 ger意为“危及”。 Unit2学校及社区生话 9.enlarge考查动词构词。句意：我们最好打通两个房间中间 的隔培，来扩大闯览室的面积。根据句意和had better后面 [话题词汇填空] 应跟动词原形可知。 基础默写 10.l©gal考查形容词构河。句意：如果你曾上过渔船，你很 Words 有可能见过成群的海鸟尾随它，布望获得零食。现在科学家 1.学费2奖学金3.学期4.课堂发言5.作业 利用这些乌的习性去跟踪非法渔船。illegal意为“非法的， 6.注册7，毕业8.论文9.试卷10.课本11.实验室 违法的”。 12.成绩13.课程14.学科15.操场16.每年的，年度的 二，语法填空 17.周年纪念18.有吸引力的19.掌声：喝彩20.安排，筹 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了西湖的著名 备：布置21，announce22.applicant23.amazing 景点。 24.ambition 25.amusement 26.anxiety 27.apology 1.nd考查连词。句意：西湖被一座山和三条提分为五部分。 28.appearance 29.appointment 30.approach 31.argument 分析句子结构可知，此处a mountain和three causeways是 32.article 33.aspect 34.assistant 35.atmosphere 并列关系，所以应该用并列连词nd连接。故填and。 36.annoying 37.athlete 124