Unit6 语法 宾语从句讲义- 2024-2025学年沪教牛津版英语九年级上册

九上Unit6语法--宾语从句 一．什么是宾语从句？宾语从句的句子种类有哪些？ 简单地说，当一个句子在复合句中充当宾语时,该句叫宾语从句。 观察以下例句： He said that he felt ill.（作 宾语） I’m sorry that you missed the film.（作 宾语） I am thinking about when I should leave for Beijing.（作 宾语） 归纳总结：从以上例句，可以看出宾语从句在句中可作________的宾语，或___________的宾语，或_________的宾语。 二．宾语从句三要素：引导词、语序和时态 1. 引导词 宾语从句的引导词有三种。 （1） 连词： ①that I believe that our team will win the basketball match. 我相信我们队会赢得这场篮球赛。 1. Near far, wherever you are, I believe ______my heart does go on. 2. His classmates told him _______ he got the first prize in the competition. that在句中_____意义，在从句中____充当成分，在口语和非正式文体中常_____，但位于____后的that不可以省略。 ②if/whether She asked me if she could borrow my book. 她问我是否可以借一下我的书。 1.The teacher asked us________we are ready for the final examination. 2.I doubt_________ he will be against the idea. whether/if 意为______ ，___充当成分。表一般疑问句内容，______省略。 注意：只用whether，不用if 的情况： ①所引导的从句作介词宾语时。 例如∶ I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. ②引导宾语从句，从句置于句首表示强调时。 例如∶Whether this is true（or not）,I can't tell. ③和动词不定式连用时。 例如∶ I don't know whether to accept or refuse. ④直接与or not 连用时。 练：Can you tell me or not the train has left? It depends on _________he can solve the problem. I don’t know_________ to go or not. ____________the meeting will be cancelled is not decided. ③连接代词：who、whom、whose、what和which。 例如：The children didn’t know the stranger was.孩子们不知道那个陌生人是谁。 Do you know one is the right answer? 你知道哪个是正确答案吗? 连接副词：when、where、how、why、how many、how often 等。例如： He is wondering he can finish this difficult job. 他想知道什么时候能完成这项艰难的工作。 The teacher asked us students there were in the classroom. 老师问我们教室里面有多少人。 连接代词和连接副词的确定由所缺成分和语意决定，在句中______充当成分。 练习： 1) Will you tell me _______ I can keep healthy? 2) He told me ______ his father had died and ____ he had to make a living alone. 3) I don’t know __________ there will be a bus or not. 4) His mother is satisfied with_______ he has done. 5) I want to know _____________ she is looking after. （2） 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句必须用陈述语序陈述语序[主语在前，谓语在后]。把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时,要特别注意从句的语序,即主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分） She said that she would fly to Beijing in a week. 她说她一周之后将飞赴北京。 Could you tell me when the train will leave? 你能告诉我火车什么时候开动吗？ 练：判断下面哪个语序是正确的。 1. When will he go to the library? A. His brother asks when did he go to the library . B. His brother asks when he went to the library . 2. What did he want to buy ? A. I don’t know what did he want to buy . B. I don’t know what he wanted to buy . 特别地，对于疑问词作主语的特殊疑问句，其本身就是陈述语序。例如： …what’s wrong… …what’s the matter… Please tell me what’s the matter with you. …which is the way to… …what’s happening… …what(has)happened… Did he know what has happened? 注意：当what, who在宾语从句中作主语时，语序不变。 1) 他不知道昨晚发生什么了。 2) 他不知道谁拿走他的手机。 （3） 宾语从句的时态 1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时,从句可根据需要选择相应的任何时态。（主现从随） 例如：I don’t think (that) you are right. He says that he went to Beijing last month. 2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。（主过从过） 例如：He asked what time it was. My father said the he had already seen the movie. My father said he was watching TV at that time. 3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。 例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 注意： if引导宾语从句和状语从句时的区别 1.I don’t know __________ he will come tomorrow. ___________ he comes , I’ll tell you. A．if ; Whether B．whether; Whether C．if ; That D．if ; If 2.用所给词的正确形式填空: We don't know if it _____________(rain) tomorrow. If it _________(rain), we don't have a sports meeting. （4） 4.宾语从句需要注意的一些点 1)that 的省略： e.g. I guess (that) somebody else has borrowed it. 当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that,其他不能省略。 eg．I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better． 2)宾语从句的否定转移： 主句是I/we think/suppose/guess/believe等时，从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中。 如：我认为鸡不会游泳。 误：I think chickens can not swim. 正：I don’t think chickens can swim. 3)宾语从句的简化 1).宾语从句是陈述句时，且主、从句的主语一致，可简化为“_____________”. I hope I can meet you again . → I hope ______ _________you again . 2).宾语从句是疑问句时，且主、从句的主语一致，或从句的主语与主句的宾语一致。可简化为“ _____________________”. 例：I don’t know what I should do next . → I don’t know what to do next . 练习： 1.Could you tell me how I can get there ? → Could you tell me______ ______ _______ there ? 2.John didn’t decide which shirt he would buy . → John didn’t decide ______ ______ _______ ___________. 3.我想知道如何参加学校活动。 I want to know _____ ______ _______ _________the school events. 3）当主句的谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach等,且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 Will you please show me how I can work it out?=Will you please show me how to work it out?请你告诉我怎样把它解出来好吗? 练：将宾语从句转换为简单句。 1. I don’t know where I shall go next. I don’t know . 2. John didn’t decide which shirt he would buy. John didn’t decide . 3. Can you tell me how I can get to the police station? Can you tell me . 4. Please show me how I should use the recorder. Please show me . 宾语从句专项练习 1． 单选选择 ( )1. They are discussing_____ robots will make humans lose their jobs or not. A. that B. if C. whether D. what ( )2.—Could you tell me ________ pay the bills? —You can pay your bills through Alipay（支付宝）online. A． how much I’ll         B．how many I’ll         C．how can I        D．how I can ( )3.—Could you please tell me ________? —Next Sunday morning. A.when we will go to Gupo Mountain        B.when will we go to Gupo Mountain C.why we went to Gupo Mountain         D.why did we go to Gupo Mountain ( )4.— Could you please tell me ________ when they meet for the first time in China? — They usually shake hands. A.what do people usually do        B.what people usually do C.where do people usually go        D.where people usually go ( )5.There are many kinds of books in the library and you can choose _____ you like. A．however        B．whenever       C．whoever        D．whatever ( )6.Frank can show us _______. It’s amazing. A．how does water travel through a leaf B．how water travels through a leaf C．why did water travel through a leaf D．why will water travel through a leaf ( )7.Franklin told them all　　　to be in Britain again.  A.how happy was he B.how happy he was C.how was he happy D.how he happy was ( )8.—I really want to watch Operation Red Sea(《红海行动》). Could you tell me 　　　?  —Sure. It’ll be on show at Town Cinema. A.when will it be on show  B.when it will be on show C.where will it be on show D.where it will be on show ( )9.—About the Chinese Dream, could you please tell us ________, Mr. Wang? —By pulling together. A．how can we make it come true        B.how we can make it come true C．when can we make it come true       D.when we can make it come true ( )10.— Can you tell me ________ you finally solved the problem? — By turning to my parents. A.when         B.where         C.why         D.how ( )11.He told me ______ Paris is the capital of France.     A. which    B. if      C. that       D. what ( )12.He told me that he_______to London the next day. A. would go B. go C. went D. has gone ( )13.He said that light _______ much faster than sound. A. traveled B. will travel C. travels D. is traveling ( )14.The children said ____ they ____ themselves very much. A. if, enjoy B. why,enjoyed C. where,enjoy D. that, enjoyed ( )15.Lacy told me she __me with my English this afternoon. A. will help B. to help C. would help D. is helping 二．完成句子 1. 她还没有决定采纳哪一个建议。 She hasn’t decided _______ _______ _______ _______ take. 2. 他们正在讨论谁将成为公司的经理。 They are discussing _______ ________ _______ the manager of the company. 3. 我们当中没有一个人知道他怎么了。 None of us knew __________ __________ __________ with him. 4. 他告诉我下一年去北京. He told me to Beijing next year. 5.老师昨天说地球围绕太阳转. Yesterday，the teacher said the earth the Sun. 6.我们还没有决定什么时候探望爷爷奶奶。 We haven’t decided _______ ________ ________ our grandparents. 7.我很好奇你在艺术节唱了哪首歌。 I wonder ________ song ______ ________ at the art festival. 8.他正在考虑是否能参加足球俱乐部 He is thinking about join the football club. 9.你能告诉我你什么时候出生吗？ Could you tell me ______ _______ _______ _______? 10.詹森，你能告诉我在哪里能买到这部电影的票吗? Jason, can you tell me _______ ____ ____ _____ the ticket of this film? 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$