Unit 1 A New Start 词汇讲义-2024-2025学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

Unit 1　A new start 1. curious adj.好奇的 curiosity n.好奇心 with curiosity带着好奇心；好奇地 curiously adv.好奇地 (1) be curious about 对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth 很想做某事 (2) out of curiosity 出于好奇 satisfy sb’s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 The girl was curious to know what was inside the box. So she ran to her mother and asked curiously, “Mommy, can you open the box for me？” Her mother agreed to open it to satisfy the girl’s curiosity. 女孩想知道盒子里面是什么。于是她跑向母亲，好奇地问道：“妈妈，你能帮我打开盒子吗？“她妈妈同意打开它来满足女孩的好奇心。 2. impression n.印象，感想 impress vt.　　使印象深刻 impressive adj. 感人的；给人印象深刻的 (1) leave/have/make a...impression on sb.给某人留下……的印象 the first impression of ……的第一印象 (2) impress sb with sth 某事给某人留下印象 impress sth on/upon sb 使某人铭记某事；使某人明白某事物的重要性 be impressed with/by... 对……有深刻印象 Hangzhou is really an impressive place. The famous West Lake always leaves a deep impression on the visitors. I was deeply impressed by its beauty the first time I saw it. 杭州的确是一个令人难忘的地方。注明的西湖总是给游客留下深刻的印象。 我第一次见到它时，就对它的美印象深刻。 这个女孩灵巧的双手给我们留下了深刻的印象。 →The girl impressed us deeply with her skillful hands. →The girl’s skillful hands left/had/made a deep impression on us. →We were deeply impressed with/by the girl’s skillful hands. Walking around the city, we were impressed with/by the city’s new look. 3. breathe v. 呼吸 breath n.呼吸；气息 breathless adj. (令人)气喘吁吁的，(令人)目瞪口呆的 (1) breathe in 吸气 breathe out 呼气 (2) take a deep breath 深吸一口气 out of breath 气喘吁吁，上气不接下气 hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 The doctor asked me to breathe in，and then to breathe out fully. 医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。 He took a deep breath and jumped into the swimming pool. 他深呼吸后跳入游泳池中。 4. challenge n.挑战；质疑 vt. 质疑；向……挑战 challenging adj.具有挑战性的 challenged adj. 受到挑战的 （1）face a challenge 面临挑战 face the challenge of 面对……的挑战 take up/accept a challenge 接受挑战 meet a challenge 迎接挑战 （2）challenge sb to sth 向某人挑战某事challenge sb to do sth 向某人挑战做某事 He challenged me to play chess.他向我挑战下象棋。 5. argue v.争论，争辩；主张；说服 argument n.争论；辩论 (1) argue with sb about/over sth 与某人辩论某事 argue for/against sth 赞成/反对某事 argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事 argue that... 主张；认为 (2) It is beyond argument that... 无可争辩的是…… have an argument with sb. about/over sth. 就某事与某人发生争吵 win/lose an argument 赢得/输了辩论 argument for/against … 支持/反对……的理论/论据 The workers, who argued for their own rights, argued with the boss for a few days, but failed to argue him into giving them a rise in wages because the boss argued against it. 工人们据理力争他们的权利,同老板争辩了几天，却没能说服老板给他们加薪，因为老板反对加薪。 6. sharp adj. 突然而响亮的； 敏锐的，聪明的；锋利的，尖的；急转弯的，方向骤变的； (疼痛等)剧烈的，（寒冷等）刺骨的；尖锐的，严厉的；（变化）急剧的 sharpen vt. &vi.(使) 变得锋利；加强；（使）提高，改善 sharpener n. 磨具，削具 We heard a voice sing out in a clear, sharp tone. 我们听到了一阵清脆嘹亮的响声。 He is a journalist with a sharp mind. 他是一个头脑灵活的记者。 Cats have sharp claws. 猫有锋利的爪子。 Be careful with the sharp bend in the road. 小心路上的急转弯。 I feel a sharp pain in my foot. 我感到脚部一阵剧痛。 Don’t be so sharp with the children. 不要对孩子这么严厉。 There was a sharp increase in unemployment last year. 去年失业人数急剧上升。 7. apply v.申请；适用，应用于(与to连用) application n.请求；申请；申请表；应用 applicant n. 申请人(尤指求职、进高等学校等) apply (to sb) for sth (向某人)申请某事 apply to do sth 申请做某事 apply to sth/sb 适用于/运用于…… apply sth to... 把……应用于……；把……涂抹到…… The applicants must hand in their applications first if they want to apply for the job. 申请人如果想申请这份工作，就必须先上交他们的申请书。 8. award n.奖，奖赏vt.给予，授予 (1) win/receive/get an award for...因……而获present an award to...为……颁奖 (2) award sb sth for...因…授予某人某物 ＝award sth to sb for...因…把某物授予某人 sb be awarded sth某人被授予某物＝sth be awarded to sb某物被授予某人 The actress won the best actress award for her excellent performance. 因为她出色的表演，这位女演员获得了最佳女演员奖。 9. figure v.认为，以为；估计；计算n.数字；人物；身材，体形；图形 figure out 算出；想出；理解，弄明白；断定；解决 figure on 期待，指望；依靠；打算 figure in 把……计算/考虑在内 1 We’re told the figure could reach 100，000 next year. 数字 2 He was a prominent figure in modern times of Chinese history. 人物 3 Most young women want a slim figure these days. 身材 4 The wall was covered with figures of birds and flowers. 图形 5 We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait. 认为 10. struggle v.奋斗，拼搏n.斗争 struggle for　　为……而斗争 struggle against 与……作斗争 struggle with 和……一起奋斗；与……作斗争 struggle to do 努力做某事struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 What’s the meaning of life? Some people ①struggle_to_earn much money; some people ②struggle for their own career in a specific area. But for me, I’ll ③struggle with my husband to bring up and cultivate our daughter, which is the most meaningful life to us. 生命的意义是什么？有些人努力挣钱，有些人在特定的领域里为自己的事业而奋斗。但对我来说，我会和丈夫一起努力抚养和培养我们的女儿，这对我们来说是最有意义的生活。 11. exchange v.意见、信息等交流；兑换n.兑换，交换，汇兑 (1)exchange...for...以…交换/兑换… exchange sth with sb 与某人交换某物 (2)in exchange for 作为对……的交换 We students should often exchange ideas with our parents, who are rich in experience. 12. calm 指人沉着的 镇静的； 指天气无风的；指海洋风平浪静的； quiet 平静的 安静的 指没有吵闹声、噪声 still 静止的，指人时侧重某人一动不动地保持一种姿势；指物时表示静止不动 silent 沉默的，不说话的；无声的，指人时强调沉默不语；指环境时表示不喧闹的，无声的 When facing danger, one should keep calm ; when taken photos of ,one should keep still; when someone else is asleep, one should keep quiet; when in class, one shouldn’t keep silent about teacher’s questions. 面对危险时要保持镇静，照相时要保持不动，他人睡觉时要保持安静，在课堂上不要对老师的问题保持沉默。 13. view n. C.（一次）观看 receive thousands of views 得到了成千上万次的浏览 n. C.景色，风景；U.观看，视野，视线； in view 在视线的范围内；在考虑之中 out of view 不在视野中 come into view 出现在视野中 have/get a good/bad view of … 看得清/看不清 enjoy the warm sunshine and a beautiful view 沐浴着温暖的阳光，欣赏着美丽的风景 n. C.（个人的）意见，看法，见解，态度 in one’s view = in one’s opinion 在某人看来 one’s view(s) on/about sth. 某人关于某事的看法/见解 in view of… 鉴于，考虑到，由于 point of view 观点，看法 vt. 观看；查看；以……看待，把……视为 view sb./sth. as … 把某人/某物视为…… 被动：be viewed as…被视为… English is viewed as a tool of international communication. 英语被视为国际交流的工具。 14. one by one　 依次地，一个接一个地 day by day 每天，一天一天地 little by little 一点一点地，逐渐地 side by side 肩并肩地，并排地 step by step 逐步地，按部就班地 15. depend on (upon)视……而定；依靠，取决于；指望 (1) depend on sb/sth 依赖某人/事，相信某人/事可靠 depend on sb to do sth 依靠/指望某人做某事 depend on sb for sth 指望/依靠某人/事得到某物 (2) depend on it that...相信……；指望…… That/It (all) depends.视情况而定。(常作为交际用语) depend on后边跟从句时常用 it 作形式宾语。类似用法还有appreciate, like, hate等 We can depend on it that he will arrive here on time. 16. in particular尤其，特别 be particular over/about对……过于讲究/挑剔 He isn’t particular about what he eats and wears；instead he pays more attention to his study.他不讲究吃穿，相反他更关注学习。 17. make the most of=make full use of充分利用 make good use of=make the best of好好利用 18. refer to提到，谈到；指的是；参考，查阅 refer to...as...　称……为…… refer to a dictionary ＝ look up sth in a dictionary 查字典 ① What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refer to？ 指的是 ② Don’t refer to your notes or dictionary when taking a test. 参考，查阅 ③ In his speech, he didn’t refer to the problem at all. 提到，谈到 19. pay attention to 注意，留意 catch / draw / attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力 fix / focus / concentrate one’s attention on … 某人集中注意力在…上 bring sth. to one’s attention 使某人注意某事 Jenny was reaing a book when a butterfly flew by and caught/drew/attracted her attention. As a result, she couldn’t fix/focus/concentrate her attention on the book any more. 珍妮正在看书，这时一只蝴蝶飞过，引起了她的注意。结果，她无法再把注意力集中书上了。 20. 感叹句 (1) how是副词，引导的感叹句结构为： (2) what是形容词，引导的感叹句结构为： (3) 感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常常采用省略句，其后面的主语和谓语往往省略。 How quickly the boy is writing！这个男孩写得真快啊！ What a nice present！多么美好的礼物啊！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$