Unit 3 The world online Grammar and usage V-ing作定状补课件-2023-2024学年高中英语译林版（2020）必修第三册

Unit 3 The world online (Grammar and usage) 1 go to a dancing class Free talk What will you do if you want to learn how to dance? 2 learn from friends who are good at dancing What will you do if you want to learn how to dance? Free talk 3 Use the Internet where we can find some interesting websites providing dancing resources. What will you do if you want to learn how to dance? Free talk 4 Understanding the article 5 3. What is Fiona Lin’s future plan? Read the article (P34) and answer the following questions 1. What is JustDance? 2. Why did she / he set up JustDance? JustDance is a website belonging to all dance lovers. Because she found dance had a positive effect on her daughter and wanted to introduce more people to dance. She hopes to attract more users through other forms of new media, for example, through an app 6 Exploring the rules 7 Read the article (P34) and find the v-ing forms Verb-ing forms as attributives a website belonging to all dance lovers Verb-ing forms as adverbials Taking advantage of the site’s great start Verb-ing forms as object complements she watched her daughter dancing 8 Verb-ing forms as attributives Verb-ing forms as adverbials Verb-ing forms as object complements Read the article (P34) and find the v-ing forms Working out the rules active before after 10 Guessing game—Who is she/he? The lady wearing a pair of glasses often sits in the back of our classroom. We often see her listening to the teacher in English class very carefully. Looking at the back of our classroom, we can often notice her taking notes with her pen. Applying the rules Guessing game—Who is she/he? Applying the rules The girl wearing short hair is very active in our class. We often hear her answering to the teacher's questions loudly in English class. When asking her to answer questions, the teacher often feels satisfied . Task: Introduce one person using verb-ing forms as attributives, adverbials and object complements. Exploring more about the rules Do you know any other functions that v-ing forms have? 13 Exploring more about the rules 1. Climbing mountains is fantastic for me. 2. My hobbies are listening to music and playing football. 3. There is a swimming pool near her house. 4. She forgot locking the door. 14 Exploring more about the rules 1. v-ing 作主语 注：v-ing 作主语，谓语动词一般用三单形式。 （1）v-ing 直接位于句首作主语。 例如：Swimming is a good sport in summer. （2）用 it 作形式主语，把 v-ing（真正主语）置于句尾作后置主语。 例如：It is no use telling him not to worry. It was hard getting on the crowded street car. It is fun _______(play) with children. It is a waste of time ________(persuade) such a person to join us. playing persuading 15 Exploring more about the rules （3）用于“There be”结构中。如：There is no saying when he’ll come. （4）动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较：动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语，在意义上相近。但 v-ing 多用来表示泛指或抽象动作，不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。 比较：Smoking is not good for health.（表示泛指或抽象动作） It is not good for you to smoke so much.（表示特指或具体动作） （5）当句子中的主语和表语都是非限定动词时，要遵循前后一致的原则，主语和表语在形式上要求统一：Seeing is believing. =To see is to believe. 16 Exploring more about the rules 2. v-ing 作宾语 （1）有些词后只能接动名词，不能跟不定式。 allow, avoid, consider, dislike, enjoy, finish, imagine, keep, mind, practice… （2）另外还有一些接-ing 形式的常用短语。 spend money/time, think of, give up, put off, insist on, be good at, do well in, can’t help, keep on, feel like, be tired (afraid, capable, fond) of, look forward to, be used to, devote oneself to, stick to, respond to, look forward to… 17 Exploring more about the rules （3）有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可，例如：remember, forget, try, stop, go on, stop, mean 后面均可用不定式和-ing 形式，但意思不同。 例如： like doing sth.表经常性动作；like to do sth. 表习惯性动作 stop doing sth.停止正在做的事情；stop to do sth 停下来做另外一件事; remember to do sth. 记得要做; remember doing sth. 记得做过 go on to do sth 继续做某事(不是同一件事)；go on doing sth 继续做某事(同一件事); I tried not to go there.(我设法不去那里)；I tried doing it again.(我试着又干了一次) 18 Exploring more about the rules 3. v-ing 作表语 v-ing 作表语时，句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或 what 引导的名 词性从句。主语和表语可互换位置。 Your task is cleaning the windows. (Cleaning the windows is your task.) What I hate most is being laughed at. (Being laughed at is what I hate most.) 19 Exploring more about the rules 4. v-ing 作定语 （1）单个 v-ing 形式作定语，常置于被修饰词之前，表示被修饰者的功能。如： a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing （2）有些 v-ing 形式已转化成形容词，表示“令人……的”。常见如下： boring, interesting, tiring, exciting, surprising, amazing, astonishing, shocking, puzzling, moving, confusing, disappointing, discouraging, pleasing, striking, terrifying, frightening, satisfying 20 Exploring more about the rules （3）v-ing 形式短语作定语，常置于被修饰词之后，并且在意思上相当于一个 定语从句。 They lived in a room facing the street. =They lived in a room that faces the street. （4）v-ing 形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句， 这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。 His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. 21 Exploring more about the rules （5）若单个的动词-ing 形式修饰的词为 those, something, everything, nothing 等 代词时，则 v-ing 形式要放在其后。 He is reading something interesting. （6）v-ing 形式作定语，有被动形式。v-ing 形式与被修饰词是被动关系，就用 它的被动形式“being done”. Being done 通常表示正在被做，常作后置定语。 The tall building ____________(build) now is our new school. being built 22 Exploring more about the rules Practice ➢ The wolf yelled in a _________ voice and Lily felt_________. (frighten) ➢ It’s pleasure to watch the face of a ________(sleep) baby. ➢ The _________(shake) buildings showed us that an earthquake was coming. ➢ He was____________ by the ___________performance. (astonish) frightening frightened sleeping shaking astonished astonishing 23 Exploring more about the rules ➢They are living in a house facing the lake.（英译汉） ➢ The teachers working in this university can apply for an apartment for free. ➢ The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. 他们住在一个临湖的房子里。 在这所大学工作的教师可以免费申请公寓。 那棵苹果树在微风中轻轻摇曳，结出了丰硕的果实。 24 Exploring more about the rules 5. v-ing 作状语 v-ing 形式可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随状况等，其作用相当于状语从句或并列句。 When I stood by the window, I saw a beautiful flower. =Standing by the window, I saw a beautiful flower.（v-ing 表时间） Being poor, she couldn’t afford it.（v-ing 表____） He sat in the sofa reading a book.（v-ing 表____） 原因 伴随 25 Exploring more about the rules 1. Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.（改写句子） 2. Being ill, he didn’t go to school. 3. Walking ahead, you will see a white house. 走在街上的时候，我遇到了一位老同学。 由于病了，他没有去上学。 一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。 26 Exploring more about the rules 注：现在分词的否定形式。 一般式：not doing ; 完成式：not having done 1. _______________ (know) what to do, she asked mother for help.（分词动作与谓语动词几乎同时发生） 2. _________________(receive) an answer, he decided to write another letter to her. （分词动作先于谓语动作发生） Not knowing Not having received 27 Exploring more about the rules 6. v-ing 作宾语补足语 作宾语补足语用 v-ing 的常见动词：五看(see, notice, observe, look at, watch) 四使(leave, keep, have, get)两听(listen to, hear)一感觉(feel)一发现(find), smell… ➢ I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder. ➢ Can you smell anything burning? ✓ When I entered the classroom, I saw him _______(try) to open the locker. ✓ He was last seen ____________(read) in the library. trying to read 28 Exploring more about the rules 巩固练习 1. He rushed into the ________ (burn) house. 2. The child _________ (stand) over there is my brother. 3. The room _________ (face) south is our classroom. 4. The man, ________ (talk) to the teacher, is our monitor's father. 5. Success makes sense to you only when you choose something ___________ (challenge) burning standing facing talking chanllenging 29 Exploring more about the rules 实战高考 1. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds __________(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. (2020 全国Ⅲ卷) 2. All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, ________ (say) that I had a talent for football. (2019 全国卷 I) 3. Nervously _________ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.(2019 北京卷) surrounding saying facing 30 Exploring more about the rules 4. If you are a teenager _______ (live) in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training. (2019 全国卷Ⅰ) 5. With ________ (shine) dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking. (2019 全国卷Ⅰ) 6. “After all, everyone has bad days and good days,” he said. “Some days you need a ______ (help) hand and some days you can be the one _______ (give) the _______ (help) hand.” (2019 浙江卷) living shining helping giving helping 31 $$