课时精练(10) Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（译林版）

课时精练(十)　Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [基础达标] 维度一　用动词-ing形式改写句子 1．The storm left and had caused a lot of damage to this area. →The storm left，having caused a lot of damage to this area． 2．Do be more careful when you cross the street. →Do be more careful when crossing the street． 3．As it was a wet day，we couldn’t go for a walk. →It being a wet day，we couldn’t go for a walk. 4．Because he did not know how to do it，he went to her for help. →Not knowing how to do it，he went to her for help. 5．As soon as she had made the beds，she started making breakfast. →Having made the beds，she started making breakfast. 维度二　单句语法填空 1．The waiting (wait)room is always full of all kinds of people. 2．I saw a stranger coming (come)into the manager’s office. 3．The boys gathering (gather)at the school gate are my classmates. 4．Those wishing (wish)to join this club should sign here. 5．Having missed (miss)the bus，we had to walk home. 6．Watching (watch)the play，she couldn’t keep back her tears. 7．Not knowing (know)how to do it，he turned to the engineer for help. 8．The student talking (talk)with the foreigners over there is my brother. 9．When I saw the dog being beaten (beat)by several boys，I came up to stop them. 10．The man left us standing (stand)alone，unable to find any help. 维度三　语法与写作 (一)用括号内的基本句型完成下面句子。 1．在聊天室，汤姆 (Tom)和一个陌生人聊了起来。(begin doing) In a chat room，Tom began talking to a stranger． 2．他叫Todd，声称自己是一个13岁的中学生。(claiming短语作定语) The boy claiming to be a 13-year-old middle school student is called Todd. 3．他请求汤姆借给他一大笔钱。(request sb. to do) He requested Tom to lend him a large sum of money. 4．听到这个消息，他家人决定找警察局的专家咨询。(when doing作状语) When hearing this，his family decided to talk to a specialist at the police department. _____________________________________________________________________ (二)运用衔接词把上面的句子合并成一篇40词左右的微型作文。 _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] In a chat room，Tom began talking to a boy. At first the boy claiming to be a 13-year-old middle school student is called Todd. Then after a while he requested Tom to lend him a large sum of money. When hearing this，his family decided to talk to a specialist at the police department. [素能提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A As he applied sunscreen to his young daughter’s face，Dara O’Rourke，a professor of environmental and labor policy at the University of California，Berkeley，found himself wondering if the lotion (霜) was safe. He realized there was no readily available answer. The result—two years，a team of chemists，lots of testing and venture capital (风险投资) later—is GoodGuide. com. Launched in 2008，this is a website with a smart phone app that rates 140，000 consumer products (only in America) according to their safety，environmental sustainability and the ethics of the firms that make them. Now GoodGuide has created a new “purchase analyzer” app designed to inform consumers not just about the values attached to products，but also about whether they are the virtuous (有信誉的) shoppers they say they want to be. Using the new app requires selecting a series of characteristics，which range from whether the user favours organic products to buying only from firms with a good human-rights record. Consumers then scan the bar code on a product with the camera in their smart phones. The app identifies it and checks in a database to score it. Much therefore depends on the quality of the data，which GoodGuide gathers from various sources，including government reports，scientific studies，and research by its own staff. If the product scores badly，the app will recommend an alternative item which is rated more highly. The app also tracks a consumer’s purchases to see how well he lives up to his selected values，giving a sort of personal virtue rating. So far，GoodGuide has mostly been used by shoppers who are keen to know about any issues connected with products they buy. They are mothers concerned about a child’s health，older people facing a chronic (慢性的) illness or supporters of a cause，such as animal rights. The hope behind the app is that the idea of finding out about a product’s background will become the mainstream. Consumers rarely change their buying habits，even when provided with scientific and other data，says Mr O’Rourke. So he has drawn on insights from behavioral economics，which show shoppers can be greatly influenced by peer pressure and by information passed on to them by people they know. The app tries to take advantage of these pressures. The virtue rating will inform consumers how well they are doing according to the values they espouse (拥护).That measurement encourages them to do better. Soon，the rating will be able to be shared with others on social media sites such as Facebook，which could inspire a shopper to consume more thoughtfully. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了帮助人们知道一个产品是否货真价实的应用程序。 1．Why does the author mention Dara O’Rourke applying sunscreen to his daughter？ A．To show Dara O’Rourke’s deep love for his daughter. B．To present the potential risks young children may face. C．To introduce the background of the creation of GoodGuide. com. D．To show customers’ increasing attention to the safety of products. C　[推理判断题。根据文章第一段“He realized there was no readily available answer... is GoodGuide. com.”可知，欧罗克往他年幼的女儿脸上抹防晒霜时，他发现自己在怀疑这种防晒霜是否安全，推断作者提及此是为了介绍GoodGuide. com网站创建的背景。故选C。] 2．What can we know about the new “purchase analyzer” app？ A．It gathers data about the quality of a product from users. B．It recommends products based on users’ personal preference. C．It gives users guidance on how to identify the quality of a product. D．It traces users’ purchases to judge whether they are virtuous shoppers. D　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Now GoodGuide has created... ”可知，“购物分析家”软件会跟踪用户的购买，判断他们是否是有信誉的购物者。故选D。] 3．According to O’Rourke，people’s buying habits can be greatly affected by ________． A．acquaintances’ recommendations B．sellers’ marketing strategies C．scientific data D．advertisements A　[细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“So he has drawn on insights... ”可知，同辈压力及购物者认识的人传递给他们的信息都能对购物者产生很大的影响。故选A。] 4．The purpose of the personal virtue rating is to encourage people to ________． A．spend wisely B．change their buying habits C．deal with peer pressure positively D．share their shopping experiences A　[细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Soon，the rating will... to consume more thoughtfully.”可知，个人品德评定的目的是鼓励人们理性消费。故选A。] B A new app aims to help parents interpret what their baby wants based on the sound of their cry. The free app ChatterBaby，which was released last month，analyzes the acoustic (声学的) features of a baby’s cry，to help parents understand whether their child might be hungry，fussy or in pain. While critics say caregivers should not rely too much on their smartphones，others say it’s a helpful tool for new or tired parents. Ariana Anderson，a mother of four，developed the app. She originally designed the technology to help deaf parents better understand why their baby was upset，but soon realized it could be a helpful tool for all new parents. To build a database，Anderson and her team uploaded 2，000 audio samples of infant (婴儿) cries. She used cries recorded during ear piercings and vaccinations to distinguish pain cries. And to create a baseline for the other two categories，a group of moms had to agree on whether the cry was out of being either hungry or fussy. Anderson’s team continues to collect data and hopes to make the app more accurate (精准的) by asking parents to get specific about what certain sounds mean. Pediatrician Eric Ball pointed out that evaluating cries can never be an exact science.“I think that all of the apps and technology that new parents are using now can be helpful but need to be taken seriously，” Ball said，“I do worry that some parents will get stuck in big data and turn their parenting into basically a spreadsheet (电子表格) which I think will take away the love and caring that parents are supposed to be providing for the children.” But Anderson said the aim of the app is to have parents interpret the results，not to provide a yes or no answer. The Bells，a couple using this app，say it’s a win-win. They believe it is helping not only their baby now but potentially others in the future. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了上个月刚发布的一款新的免费应用程序ChatterBaby，这款应用程序开发的初衷、过程、意义，以及儿科医生的观点。 5．The underlined “interpret” in Paragraph 1 probably refers to______． A．remove B．announce C．conquer D．understand D　[词义猜测题。由第一段画线词所在句可知，第一句话引出话题，第二句话进一步解释该话题。画线词interpret与第二句中的understand意思相近，意为“理解”。故选D项。] 6．Who was the app designed for in the beginning？ A．Deaf parents. B．All new parents. C．Ariana Anderson. D．Crying babies. A　[细节理解题。由第二段第二句“She originally designed the technology to help deaf parents better understand why their baby was upset，”可知，这项应用最初是为失聪的父母而设计的。故选A项。] 7．What is Ball’s opinion about the app？ A．The app can create an accurate result. B．Parents should use the app wisely. C．Parents and babies are addicted to the app. D．The app makes babies lose love and caring. B　[推理判断题。由第五段“I think that all of the apps and technology... are supposed to be providing for the children.”可知，Ball认为家长们可以借助于这个应用程序，但是关爱孩子的情绪本就是养育孩子的一个环节，所以家长应该明智地使用这款应用程序。故选B项。] 8．What is the text mainly about？ A．Parents should not rely too much on their smart phones. B．Parents can deal with babies’ hunger with the help of a new app. C．A new app helps parents figure out why their babies are crying. D．A new app called ChatterBaby can prevent babies from crying. C　[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一、二句可知，文章介绍了一款能帮助父母解读婴儿为什么哭的新的应用程序ChatterBaby。故选C项。] C China will give the green light to Internet medical services conducted by medical institutions as part of a broader push to promote Internet Plus Healthcare. Medical institutions will be allowed to provide online diagnostic services for some common and chronic diseases in patients’ follow-up visits to their doctors. The top levels of hospitals will be encouraged to provide online services，including consultations (会诊)，reservations and test result inquiries. As China joins the ranks of middle-income countries，the demand for health services has increased accordingly. Internet Plus Healthcare can help reduce the problem of inaccessible and expensive public health services that have long been a big concern for the general public. One decision coming out of the meeting says the intelligent review for health insurance will be applied and the one-stop settlement will be advanced. The real-time sharing of prescription and drug retail sales will be explored，as well. “We must waste no time in pushing forward the measures once the decisions made.”One spokesman said.“In recent years，top-level hospitals in major cities have seen steady increases in the number of patients. Medical bills have become a heavy burden on families and high-end medical resources still fall short of meeting the growing demand of the public.” To solve the problem，a two-pronged (双管齐下的) approach must be taken. One is to establish medical partnerships to strengthen cooperation between major hospitals and community clinics. The other is to bring forward Internet Plus Healthcare to promote the sharing of quality medical resources. The government will see to it that long-distance healthcare services cover all county-level hospitals. So more efforts will be made to ensure that high-speed broadband network will be extended to cover medical institutions in urban and rural areas. Dedicated internet access services will be set up to meet the needs for long-distance healthcare services. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了关于中国政府计划开展绿色互联网医疗服务的详细内容。 9．According to the text，which of the following services won’t a patient enjoy online？ A．Receiving a medical operation. B．Asking doctors for advice after the test. C．Several doctors discussion about the disease. D．Making an appointment with a doctor in advance. A　[细节理解题。根据第二段“The top levels of hospitals will be... reservations and test result inquiries.”可知，高级医院被鼓励可以在线提供的服务包括在线会诊、预约挂号和检查结果查询，并没有提到医疗手术。故选A项。] 10．Why is the demand for health services increasing in China？ A．The expense of medical care. B．The recognition of health insurance. C．The improvement of people’s life quality. D．The inconvenience of hospital equipment. C　[细节理解题。根据第三段“As China joins the... health services has increased accordingly.”可知，随着中国进入中等收入国家行列，对健康服务的需求也随之增加。也就是说中国人民的生活水平提高，是健康服务需求增加的原因。故选C项。] 11．What can be the suitable title for the text？ A．Modern Hospitals B．Online Healthcare on Its Way C．No More Burden for General People D．Wide Applications of Internet Service B　[标题归纳题。由文章开头“China will give the green light... promote Internet Plus Healthcare.”及全文内容可知，文章主要讲了中国政府推行网上医疗服务的消息。故选B项。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Some people are so rude. Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says “Thank you”？ Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you？　1　 Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time？ Maybe I’m the rude one for not appreciating life’s little courtesies (礼节).But many social norms (规范) just don’t make sense to people drowning in digital communication. Take the thank-you note. Daniel Post Senning，a co-author of Emily Post’s Etiquette，asked，“At what point does showing appreciation outweigh the cost？” 　2　 Think of how long it takes to listen to one of those messages. In texts，you don’t have to declare who you are or even say hello. E-mail，too，is slower than a text. The worst are those who leave a voice mail and then send an e-mail message to tell you they left a voice mail. This isn’t the first time technology has changed our manners.　3　 Alexander Graham Bell，the inventor，suggested that people say，“Ahoy！” Finally，hello won out，and the victory sped up the greeting’s use in face-to-face communications. In the age of the smart phone，there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions about：the weather forecast，a business’ phone number，or directions to a house，a restaurant，or an office，which can be easily found on a digital map. But people still ask these things.　4　 How to handle these differing standards？ Easy：Consider your audience. Some people，especially older ones，appreciate a thank-you message.　5　 In traditional societies，the young learn from the old. But in modern societies，the old can also learn from the young. Here’s hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that time-wasting forms of communication do. A．Then there is voice mail. B．Others，like me，want no reply. C．Who asks for a fact easily found on the Internet？ D．Won’t new technology bring about changes in our daily life？ E．And when you answer，they respond with a thank-you e-mail. F．Face-to-face communication makes comprehension much easier. G．When the telephone was invented，people didn’t know how to greet a caller. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了手机电脑网络时代新的交流方式冲击了传统礼节，造成了不同人对两者的不同运用。我们要多考虑对方的情况，互相理解，既有礼貌又尽量不浪费别人时间。 1．C　[上文用一组排比句列举了既发语音邮件又发信息浪费他人时间的具体表现，下文“Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time？”对这些做法提出了疑问。C项是另一个浪费别人时间的表现，承接上文。故选C项。] 2．A　[作者下文提到留下语音邮件又发电子邮件通知的情况。空处位于段首，A项可放段首，引出voice mail，下文对其进行具体介绍。故选A项。] 3．G　[下文说明当时Bell刚发明电话时确定怎样打招呼的问题，G项说明人们不知道如何和来电者打招呼，与下文衔接。故选G项。] 4．E　[上文说明在智能手机时代，人们仍然会问一些通过查询数字地图能够解决的生活问题。E项承接上文，进一步说明人们浪费别人时间的一些“礼节性”行为。故选E项。] 5．B　[段首两句说明不同的人群对礼节有不同的看法，我们要多考虑对方的情况，互相理解。上句“Some people，especially older ones，appreciate a thank-you message.”介绍了老年人的习惯，B项与之对比，指出年轻人与老年人不同。故选B项。] Ⅲ.语法填空 This paper is about how blue light is bad for you. 1.__________ (month) of studies and test have shown that blue light can make 2.__________ hard for people to sleep; this means your body doesn’t get the rest it 3.__________ (need).This can then lead to things like heart problems，feeling unhappy，and 4.__________ (get) fat. Blue light is the light from your phone or computer. We 5.________ (test) two groups of people，and let them do different things before bed：look at a phone or read a book. We found that when you look at a phone before bed，you feel less 6.__________ (tire) and spend less time sleeping. The good thing is that we also found some things people can do 7.__________ (stay) away from this problem. One is not to look at a phone or computer two hours before going to bed. Another thing 8.__________ people can do is to get a lot of bright light from the sun during 9.________ day. This will help people sleep at night. Research has shown us a lot，but there is even 10.__________ (much) that should be done. We will keep on studying the dark side of blue light to help people avoid problems it may bring. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了手机或电脑发出的蓝光对我们的危害和一些防御的方法。 1．解析：　Months　考查名词的单复数。结合空格后的of studies可知，用复数名词表泛指，意为“数月的研究”符合语境，且位于句首的单词首字母要大写。故填Months。 2．解析：　it　考查代词。分析句式结构可知，此处用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式to sleep。故填 it。 3．解析：　needs　考查主谓一致。分析句式结构可知，此处是省略引导词的定语从句，从句中主语 it 为第三人称单数形式，且根据上文的doesn’t 可知，时态为一般现在时，所以此处用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填needs。 4．解析：　getting　考查非谓语动词。分析句式结构可知，此处应该用动词-ing形式作伴随状语与上文的feeling并列。故填getting。 5．解析：　tested　考查动词的时态。分析句意再根据下文的found可知，此处应该是用一般过去时。故填tested。 6．解析：　tired　考查词性转换。根据空格前的感官动词feel可知，此处应该用形容词作表语。故填tired。 7．解析：　to stay　考查非谓语动词。分析句式结构可知，此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to stay。 8．解析：　that/which　考查定语从句。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，所以用关系代词that或which来引导定语从句。故填 that/which。 9．解析：　the　考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处是指在白天获得明亮光线，所以用the构成固定短语during the day表示“在白天”，符合语境。故填the。 10．解析：　more　考查比较级。根据空格前的even并结合句意可知，此处应该用提示词的比较级形式。故填more。 学生用书第77页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $